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Senatorial Speaking of Louis T. Wigfall 1860-1861: a Study of Agitational Rhetoric

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Senatorial Speaking of Louis T. Wigfall 1860-1861: a Study of Agitational Rhetoric Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1975 Senatorial Speaking of Louis T. Wigfall 1860-1861: a Study of Agitational Rhetoric. Donald Travis Garnett Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Garnett, Donald Travis, "Senatorial Speaking of Louis T. Wigfall 1860-1861: a Study of Agitational Rhetoric." (1975). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2872. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2872 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was producad from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependant upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing paga(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. 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Xerox University Microfilms 300 North 2aab Road Ann Atbor, Michigan 41106 76- 12,917 GARNETT, Donald Travis, 1939- SENATORIAL SPEAKING OF LOUIS T. WIGFALL 1860-1861: A STUDY OF AGITATIONAL RHETORIC. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Ph.D., 1975 Speech Xsrox University MicrofilmsAnn , Arbor, Michigan 48106 SENATORIAL SPEAKING OF LOUIS T. WIGFALL 1860-1861 A STUDY OF AGITATIONAL RHETORIC A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Speech by Donald Travis Garnett B.A., Harding College, 1962 M.A., Texas Tech University, 1964 December, 1975 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS When I asked Professor Waldo Braden If he thought there was a dissertation in a study of Louis T. Wigfall’s speaking, he answered affirmatively but cautioned that the Texan would be difficult to explain. Surely Dr. Braden nor 1 anticipated a project which would require as much time as this study has involved. Without Dr. Braden's continued encouragement the study might have remained unfinished. I will always be thankful for his prompt and thorough reading of each revision. I am also grateful for the efforts of Dr. Harold Mixon whose observations helped solve a major problem in the analysis. In addition I am thankful to Drs. Owen Peterson and John Pennybacker of the Depart­ ment of Speech and Dr. Perry Howard of the Department of Sociology, all of Louisiana State University, for their pertinent criticisms of the study. Finally, I acknowledge my children, Kerry and Karen, for under­ standing my frequent absence from home and my wife, Phyllis, who con­ stantly reassured me that the study could be completed and somehow found the energy to type the final manuscript. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT................................................... vii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ..................................... 1 State of the Problem............................. 3 Characteristics of Agitation ..................... 7 Strategies of Agitation........................... 9 Sources and Contributory Studies .................. 15 II. ELEMENTS CONTRIBUTING TO WIGFALL'S EMERGENCE AS A SECESSION AGITATOR ........................... 17 Personality..................................... 20 Appearance....................................... 25 Voice and Delivery............................... 26 Speech Preparation ............................... 27 Rhetorical Philosophy ........................... 29 Verbal War With Sam Houston....................... 31 Public Image in Texas, 1850-1857 .................. 34 Election to the United States Senate .............. 40 The Influence of Newspapers..................... 41 Summary 42 III. THE ATMOSPHERE FOR THE ENCOUNTERS................ 44 Physical Setting ................................. 47 A u d i e n c e s....................................... 49 Gallery Audiences ............................... 51 The Larger Audiences ............................. 52 Wigfall as a Freshman Senator ................... 53 Wigfall's Rhetorical Objectives .................. 55 S u m m a r y ......................................... 59 IV. ENCOUNTER ONE: FEDERAL FUNDS FOR TEXAS VOLUNTEERS . 60 Segment One: February 24, 1860 63 Situation..................................... 63 Strategies................................... 64 Effects ..................................... 67 iii Segment Two: March 1, 1860 68 Situation..................................... 68 Strategies................................... 69 Effects....................................... 75 Segment Three: March 6, 1860 76 Situation..................................... 76 Strategies................................... 77 Effects....................................... 80 Segment Four: March 7, 1860 80 Situation................. ................. 80 Strategies................................... 81 Effects ..................................... 82 Segment Five: March 8, 1860 ..................... 84 Situation ............................. 84 Strategies................................... 84 Effects ..................................... 89 S u m m a r y ............... 90 V. ENCOUNTER TWO: THE HOMESTEAD BILL .............. 94 Segment One: March 22, 1860 ...................... 97 Situation..................................... 97 Strategies................................... 98 Effects..........................................115 Segment Two: April 4, I860 118 Situation ............... 118 Strategies........................................119 Effects......................................... 138 S u m m a r y ........................................... 141 VI. ENCOUNTER THREE: ON DAVIS RESOLUTIONS ............ 145 Segment One: May 22, 1860 ................. 147 Situation....................................... 147 Strategies........................................149 Effects ...... ......................... 152 Segment Two: May 23, 1860 ....................... 153 Situation....................................... 153 Strategies..................................... 154 Effects......................................... 169 S u m m a r y ........................................... 170 iv VII. ENCOUNTER FOUR: IN RESPONSE TO DOUGLAS ON POWELL'S RESOLUTION.............................. 173 Segment One: December 11, 1860 177 Situation........................................177 Strategies .............................. 177 Effects..........................................181 Segment Two: December 12, 1860 181 Situation ..... ........................... 181 Strategies...................................... 182 Effects . ......................................205 Segment Three: December 13, 1860 208 Situation........................................ 208 Strategies......................................209 Effects..........................................219 S u m m a r y ............................................221 VIII. ENCOUNTER FIVE: STATE OF THE U N I O N ................ 225 Segment One: January 31, 1861 .................... 228 Situation........................................228 Strategies...................................... 230 Effects..........................................252 Segment Two: February 7, 1861 ............. 254 Situation........................................ 254 Strategies...................................... 255 Effects................. 277 Segment Three: March 2, 1861 279 Situation........................................279 Strategies......................................283 Effects..........................................297 Segment Four: March 3, 1861 ...................... 300 Situation.......................................
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