DOCSLIB.ORG

ALMOST a YEAR Ago Today Major Ernesto Che Guevara Was

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ALMOST a YEAR Ago Today Major Ernesto Che Guevara Was ALMOST A YEAR ago today Major Ernesto Che paying the price for it. The verdict of the military its extension to the whole of Latin America - an Guevara was murdered in the Bolivian jungle by tribunal in Bolivia which is trying him for high ideal for which Che perished - NOT IN VAIN. the military regime of Bolivia. We are informed treason is a foregone conclusion, but the spirit that CIA representatives were present. of internationalism inspired in Latin America by This special issue of The Black Dwarf is the Cuban revolution cannot be quelled by legal TARIQ ALI devoted entirely to the Bolivian Diaries of Che statutes. It will continue till the last battle has EDITOR Guevara, which we consider to be an important been fought, the last victory won. political document. The diaries were first publish­ A different version of the Diary is being pedd­ EDITORIAL AND PRODUCTION GROUP: Tariq Ali, ed by Ramparts magazine in the United States and led by some publishers in league with those who Clive Goodwin, Robin Fior, David Mercer, Mo we are making use of their translation. These Teitlebaum, Adrian Mitchell, Fred Halliday, Sean murdered Che. We spit on them! The blood-money Thompson, Roger Tyrrell, Published by THE BLACK diaries were presented to the revolutionary Cuban they paid for the Diaries makes them accomplices DWARF, 7 Carlisle Street, London Wl. Printed by government by the Bolivian Minister of the Interior to the crime. And they will pay for it. Socialist Review Publishing Co. Ltd. (TU), Paxton Senor Antonio Arguedos, who has declared his As for ourselves we can do no better except Works, Paxton Road, London N17. solidarity with the Cuban revolution and is now Distributed by Moore-Harness Ltd., 11 Lever Street, to declare ourselves for the Cuban revolution and EC1 01-253 4286. [A NECESSARY INTRODUCTION By FIDEL CASTRO] ers, including the founders of Marxism who were unable to culminate their work and see during their lifetimes the fruits T was Che s habit during his days as a guerrilla to uba is A small economically underdeveloped coun­ of their noble efforts. write down his daily observations in a personal diary. try, like all those countries dominated and exploited During the long marches over abrupt and difficult I C by colonialism and imperialism. It is situated only n Cuba, neither the death in combat of Marti and terrain, in the middle of the damp woods, when the lines 90 miles from the United States’ coast, having a Yankee • Maceo, later followed by Yankee intervention at the of men, always hunched over from the weight of their naval base on its own territory, and confronts numerous end of the Independence War, frustrating the im­ mochilas, munitions and arms would stop for a moment to obstacles in the carrying out of its economic and social de­ I mediate objective of their struggle, nor of the brilliant pro­ rest, or when the column would receive orders to halt and velopment. Great dangers have threatened our country ponents of the socialist revolution like Julio Antonio Mella, pitch camp at the end of a long day’s journey, one could see since the triumph of the Revolution but not because of this assassinated by agents at the service of the imperialists, could as he was from the beginning affectionately nick­ will imperialism succeed in making us yield, since the dif­ impede in the long run the triumph of a process which be­ named by the Cubans—take out his notebook and, with the ficulties which a consequent revolutionary line entails are gan 100 years ago. And absolutely no one could doubt the not important to us. small and almost illegible letters of a doctor, write his profound justice of the cause and the line of the struggle notes. What he was able to conserve from these notes he From the revolutionary point of view, the publication of of those Fathers, nor the actuality of the profound princi­ later used in writing his magnificent historical narrations of Che’s diary in Bolivia admits no alternative. Che’s diary ples which never failed to inspire the Cuban revolutionaries. the revolutionary war in Cuba. They were of revolutionary fell into Barrientos possession who immediately sent copies From Che’s diary it is possible to gather how real the content, pedagogic and human. to the CIA, the Pentagon and the United States government. possibilities of success were and how extraordinary the This time, thanks to his invariable habit of jotting down Newspapermen connected with the CIA had access to the catalyzing power of the guerrilla was. On a certain occasion, the principal occurrences of each day, we have at our dis­ document in Bolivia and have made photostatic copies of in the light of the weakening and rapid deterioration of the posal rigorously exact, priceless and detailed information it—but with the promise to abstain from publishing it for Bolivian regime, he said, “The government is disintegrating concerning the heroic final months of his life in Bolivia. the moment. rapidly; it is a pity we don’t have 100 more men right now. ” These notations, not exactly written for publication, Barrientos government and his highest military chiefs Che knew from his experience in Cuba how often our served him as a working guide in the constant evaluation have abundant reasons for not publishing the diary since it small guerrilla detachment was on the verge of being ex­ of the occurrences, the situation and the men. They also confirms the tremendous incapacity of the Bolivian Army tinguished. This could have occurred because of the likeli­ served as an expressive outlet for his profoundly observant and the innumerable defeats which it suffered at the hands hood of the hazards and imponderabilities of war, but, spirit, analytical but often laced with a fine sense of humor. of a small fistful of determined guerrillas who captured if we had indeed been extinguished, would it have given the They are soberly written and contain an uninterrupted co­ almost 200 arms in combat in a few weeks. right to anybody to consider our line erroneous or to use herence from the beginning to the end. Che also describes Barrientos and his regime in terms this as an example to discourage the revolution and to in­ It should be kept in mind that they were written during which they deserve and with words that cannot be erased still impotency in the people? Many times in history the those rare moments of rest in the middle of an heroic and from history. revolutionary processes have been preceded by adverse epi­ superhuman physical endeavor—notwithstanding Che’s ex­ On the other hand, imperialism had its reasons: Che and sodes! Didn’t we in Cuba have the Moncada as an experi­ hausting obligations as chief of a guerrilla detachment in his extraordinary example gain increasing force in the ence almost six years before the final triumph of the armed the difficult first stages of a struggle of this nature—which world. His ideas, his image, his name, are the banners of struggle by the people? unfolded under incredibly hard material conditions, reveal­ the struggle against the injustices of the oppressed and ex­ For many, between the 26th of July, 1953—the attack ing once more his particular way of working and his will ploited and stir up a passionate interest on the part of stu­ on the Moncada quarters in Santiago de Cuba—and the 5th of steel. dents and intellectuals all over the world. of December, 1956—the disembarkment of the “Granma” Right in the United States, members of the Negro move­ In the diary, detailed analyses of the incidents of each —the revolutionary struggle in Cuba, faced with a modern ment and the radical students, who are constantly increasing day, the faults, criticisms and recriminations which are ap­ and well-equipped army, lacked all perspective, and the in number, have made Che’s figure their own. In the most propriate to and inevitable in the development of a revo­ action of a handful of fighters was viewed as a chimera of lutionary guerrilla are made evident. combative manifestations of civil rights and against the idealists and deluded beings “who were profoundly mis­ aggression in Vietnam, his photographs are wielded as em­ In the heart of a guerrilla detachment, these criticisms taken. ” The smashing defeat and the total dispersion of blems of the struggle. Few times in history, or perhaps never, must take place incessantly, especially when there is only a the inexpert guerrilla detachment on the 3rd of December, has a figure, a name, an example, been so universalized small nucleus of men, constantly confronted by extremely 1956, appeared to confirm completely the pessimistic omens. with such celerity and passionate force. This is because Che adverse material conditions and an enemy infinitely superior But only 25 months later, the remains of that guerrilla force in number, when a little carelessness or the most insignifi­ embodies in its purest and most disinterested form the in­ had developed the power and acquired the necessary experi­ cant mistake can be fatal and the chief has to be extremely ternationalist spirit which characterizes the world today and ence to annihilate that army. demanding. He must use each occurrence or episode, no which will do so even more tomorrow. matter how insignificant, as a lesson to the combatants and From a continent oppressed by colonial powers yesterday In all ages and under all circumstances there will always future leaders of new guerrilla detachments. and exploited and kept down in the most iniquitous under­ exist abundant reasons not to fight, but that will be the only way not to obtain liberty.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Guerrilla War and Hegemony: Gramsci and Che
    Guerrilla war and hegemony: Gramsci and Che MARCO GABBAS ABSTRACT: La guerra de guerrillas is one of the most known of Che Guevara’s works. Providing a political-ideological analysis of this book, I aim to demonstrate that Che Guevara should not be considered only a man of action, but also a political thinker and theorist. To analyze the book, I will use the Gramscian concepts of hegemony and War of Manoeuvrer/War of Position as an interpretative framework. KEYWORDS: Guevara. Guerrilla. Gramsci. Hegemony. War of Manoeuvre/War of Position. Guerra de guerrilha e hegemonia: Gramsci e Che RESUMO: A guerra de guerrilhas é uma das obras mais conhecidas de Che Guevara. Oferecendo uma análise político-ideológica do livro, pretendo demonstrar que Che Guevara não deve ser considerado apenas um homem de ação, mas também um pensador e teórico da política. Para analisar o livro, usarei os conceitos gramscianos de hegemonia e guerra de movimento/guerra de posição como uma moldura interpretativa. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Guevara. MARCO GABBAS Guerrilha. Gramsci. Hegemonia. Guerra de movimento/guerra de posição. History PhD candidate, University of Milan. Member of the Editorial Board and International Advisor RECEBIDO EM: 12/05/2017 of Eszmélet, Hungarian Journal of APROVADO EM: 20/12/2017 Culture and Social Criticism. E-mail: [email protected] TENSÕES MUNDIAIS | 53 MARCO GABBAS 1 INTRODUCTION The one hundredth anniversary of the Russian Revolution is an appropriate moment to reflect on its repercussions on the world and, more specifically, on Latin America. Latin America was profoundly influenced by the October Revolution during the lifes- pan of the Soviet Union but, differently from Eastern Europe or the former USSR, in Latin America the US victory in the Cold War did not mean capitulation and obeisance to the dominant capita- list ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • Protestwagecuts Soviet Toilers, in Thousands of Meetings
    Page Six DAILY WORKER. NEW’ YORK. TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1934 Dailu>3ij\Vorker The Meeting of the Central Troops Called, As THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT % tturck Japan Pushes Fight ••TUI MUD CominilT MITT OJ.&. ffCCTNM Os fOmtOaifT HTTIIMTIOaU) Committee, C*P*U.S.A. * ‘America’* Only Working Claes Daily Newspaper" 16 and 17, 18th meeting of the Philippine Masses On Rivals for World FOUNDED 19?4 lyN January the v tral Committee, C. P, U. 8. A., was held to receive a PUBLISHED DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, DX THE repeat of the 13th Plenum of the Executive Committee Protest U.S. Terror Market Into Africa COMPRODAILT PUBLISHING CO, INC, X Haws lHh of the Communist International, and to decide upon York, Street, New N. Y. the arrangements for the Eighth National Conven- ! 2,500 Workers, Considering Marital Link Peasants '* Telephone: ALgonquln C. U. S. A . 4-75&4. tion of the P. Pack Court Protesting mere With Royal Family Cable Atidreu: "Dalirort.” Me* York, A unanimously approved the Theses of Washington Bureau: Room 9*4, ttetUmt Perm ImififHng, This meeting 14th and T St, Washington, EX O, ! the 13th Plenum of the E. C. C. L (published in the Savage Sentences of AbvssiniaJ Subscription Bates; Dally Worker on Jan. 13), and emphasized some of i YORK. More than 2,500 TOKYO, Jan. 21.—Plans for a ma- By (except Manhattan Bronx*, fen, M.OO; therefrom for the U. S„ In a brief NEW Mail: and t : the tasks flowing royal 8 months, JJ.SO; t months, *2.00; 1 month, 07* cents.
    [Show full text]
  • Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930S
    Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930s Ariel Mae Lambe Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Ariel Mae Lambe All rights reserved ABSTRACT Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930s Ariel Mae Lambe This dissertation shows that during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) diverse Cubans organized to support the Spanish Second Republic, overcoming differences to coalesce around a movement they defined as antifascism. Hundreds of Cuban volunteers—more than from any other Latin American country—traveled to Spain to fight for the Republic in both the International Brigades and the regular Republican forces, to provide medical care, and to serve in other support roles; children, women, and men back home worked together to raise substantial monetary and material aid for Spanish children during the war; and longstanding groups on the island including black associations, Freemasons, anarchists, and the Communist Party leveraged organizational and publishing resources to raise awareness, garner support, fund, and otherwise assist the cause. The dissertation studies Cuban antifascist individuals, campaigns, organizations, and networks operating transnationally to help the Spanish Republic, contextualizing these efforts in Cuba’s internal struggles of the 1930s. It argues that both transnational solidarity and domestic concerns defined Cuban antifascism. First, Cubans confronting crises of democracy at home and in Spain believed fascism threatened them directly. Citing examples in Ethiopia, China, Europe, and Latin America, Cuban antifascists—like many others—feared a worldwide menace posed by fascism’s spread.
    [Show full text]
  • Ernesto 'Che' Guevara: the Existing Literature
    Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara: socialist political economy and economic management in Cuba, 1959-1965 Helen Yaffe London School of Economics and Political Science Doctor of Philosophy 1 UMI Number: U615258 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615258 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 I, Helen Yaffe, assert that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Helen Yaffe Date: 2 Iritish Library of Political nrjPr v . # ^pc £ i ! Abstract The problem facing the Cuban Revolution after 1959 was how to increase productive capacity and labour productivity, in conditions of underdevelopment and in transition to socialism, without relying on capitalist mechanisms that would undermine the formation of new consciousness and social relations integral to communism. Locating Guevara’s economic analysis at the heart of the research, the thesis examines policies and development strategies formulated to meet this challenge, thereby refuting the mainstream view that his emphasis on consciousness was idealist. Rather, it was intrinsic and instrumental to the economic philosophy and strategy for social change advocated.
    [Show full text]
  • Web Apr 06.Qxp
    On-Line version TIP OF THE SPEAR Departments Global War On Terrorism Page 4 Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command Page 18 Naval Special Warfare Command Page 21 Air Force Special Operations Command Page 24 U.S. Army Special Operations Command Page 28 Headquarters USSOCOM Page 30 Special Operations Forces History Page 34 Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command historic activation Gen. Doug Brown, commander, U.S. Special Operations Command, passes the MARSOC flag to Brig. Gen. Dennis Hejlik, MARSOC commander, during a ceremony at Camp Lejune, N.C., Feb. 24. Photo by Tech. Sgt. Jim Moser. Tip of the Spear Gen. Doug Brown Capt. Joseph Coslett This is a U.S. Special Operations Command publication. Contents are Commander, USSOCOM Chief, Command Information not necessarily the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. Government, Department of Defense or USSOCOM. The content is CSM Thomas Smith Mike Bottoms edited, prepared and provided by the USSOCOM Public Affairs Office, Command Sergeant Major Editor 7701 Tampa Point Blvd., MacDill AFB, Fla., 33621, phone (813) 828- 2875, DSN 299-2875. E-mail the editor via unclassified network at Col. Samuel T. Taylor III Tech. Sgt. Jim Moser [email protected]. The editor of the Tip of the Spear reserves Public Affairs Officer Editor the right to edit all copy presented for publication. Front cover: Marines run out of cover during a short firefight in Ar Ramadi, Iraq. The foot patrol was attacked by a unknown sniper. Courtesy photo by Maurizio Gambarini, Deutsche Press Agentur. Tip of the Spear 2 Highlights Special Forces trained Iraqi counter terrorism unit hostage rescue mission a success, page 7 SF Soldier awarded Silver Star for heroic actions in Afghan battle, page 14 20th Special Operations Squadron celebrates 30th anniversary, page 24 Tip of the Spear 3 GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM Interview with Gen.
    [Show full text]
  • Restless.Pdf
    RESTLESS THE STORY OF EL ‘CHE’ GUEVARA by ALEX COX & TOD DAVIES first draft 19 jan 1993 © Davies & Cox 1993 2 VALLEGRANDE PROVINCE, BOLIVIA EXT EARLY MORNING 30 JULY 1967 In a deep canyon beside a fast-flowing river, about TWENTY MEN are camped. Bearded, skinny, strained. Most are asleep in attitudes of exhaustion. One, awake, stares in despair at the state of his boots. Pack animals are tethered nearby. MORO, Cuban, thickly bearded, clad in the ubiquitous fatigues, prepares coffee over a smoking fire. "CHE" GUEVARA, Revolutionary Commandant and leader of this expedition, hunches wheezing over his journal - a cherry- coloured, plastic-covered agenda. Unable to sleep, CHE waits for the coffee to relieve his ASTHMA. CHE is bearded, 39 years old. A LIGHT flickers on the far side of the ravine. MORO Shit. A light -- ANGLE ON RAUL A Bolivian, picking up his M-1 rifle. RAUL Who goes there? VOICE Trinidad Detachment -- GUNFIRE BREAKS OUT. RAUL is firing across the river at the light. Incoming bullets whine through the camp. EVERYONE is awake and in a panic. ANGLE ON POMBO CHE's deputy, a tall Black Cuban, helping the weakened CHE aboard a horse. CHE's asthma worsens as the bullets fly. CHE Chino! The supplies! 3 ANGLE ON CHINO Chinese-Peruvian, round-faced and bespectacled, rounding up the frightened mounts. OTHER MEN load the horses with supplies - lashing them insecurely in their haste. It's getting light. SOLDIERS of the Bolivian Army can be seen across the ravine, firing through the trees. POMBO leads CHE's horse away from the gunfire.
    [Show full text]
  • Ernesto Che Guevara
    Ernesto Che Guevara CHEguerrilha diário da bolívia Tradução de João Pedro George l i s b o a : tinta‑da‑china MMIX © 2009, Edições tinta‑da‑china, Lda. Rua João de Freitas Branco, 35A, 1500‑627 Lisboa Tels: 21 726 90 28/9 | Fax: 21 726 90 30 E‑mail: [email protected] © 2006, Ocean Press, Centro de Estudios Che Guevara e Aleida March Fotografias © Aleida March e Centro de Estudios Che Guevara Título original: El Diario del Che en Bolivia Tradução: João Pedro George Revisão: Tinta‑da‑china Capa e composição: Vera Tavares Sobrecapa: adaptação do cartaz promocional do filme Che — Guerrilha 1.ª edição: Abril de 2009 isbn 978‑972‑8955‑94‑6 Depósito Legal n.º 290637/09 Índice Nota Introdutória 7 Diário da Bolívia 11 Comunicados Militares 273 Glossário 295 Nota Introdutória o dia 9 de Outubro de 1967, aos 39 anos de idade, Ernesto NGuevara de la Serna morreu assassinado pelo exército boli‑ viano. Fora capturado dois dias antes, e com ele uma agenda verde, onde registara os acontecimentos e as reflexões sobre a actividade diária da guerrilha, desde havia aproximadamente um ano. O diário foi confiscado pelos militares, mas logo em 1968 foi tornado público, por vias não inteiramente esclarecidas. Falta‑ vam‑lhe no entanto algumas páginas, que os serviços de informa‑ ções bolivianos tinham conseguido manter inacessíveis e que são agora editadas pela primeira vez. Evidentemente, Che foi redigindo estes textos em circuns‑ tâncias extraordinariamente adversas e é de supor que não tivesse a intenção de os publicar, pelo menos não sem antes os submeter a uma revisão.
    [Show full text]
  • Che Guevara's Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy
    SOCIALIST VOICE / JUNE 2008 / 1 Contents 249. Che Guevara’s Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy. John Riddell 250. From Marx to Morales: Indigenous Socialism and the Latin Americanization of Marxism. John Riddell 251. Bolivian President Condemns Europe’s Anti-Migrant Law. Evo Morales 252. Harvest of Injustice: The Oppression of Migrant Workers on Canadian Farms. Adriana Paz 253. Revolutionary Organization Today: Part One. Paul Le Blanc and John Riddell 254. Revolutionary Organization Today: Part Two. Paul Le Blanc and John Riddell 255. The Harper ‘Apology’ — Saying ‘Sorry’ with a Forked Tongue. Mike Krebs ——————————————————————————————————— Socialist Voice #249, June 8, 2008 Che Guevara’s Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy By John Riddell One of the most important developments in Cuban Marxism in recent years has been increased attention to the writings of Ernesto Che Guevara on the economics and politics of the transition to socialism. A milestone in this process was the publication in 2006 by Ocean Press and Cuba’s Centro de Estudios Che Guevara of Apuntes criticos a la economía política [Critical Notes on Political Economy], a collection of Che’s writings from the years 1962 to 1965, many of them previously unpublished. The book includes a lengthy excerpt from a letter to Fidel Castro, entitled “Some Thoughts on the Transition to Socialism.” In it, in extremely condensed comments, Che presented his views on economic development in the Soviet Union.[1] In 1965, the Soviet economy stood at the end of a period of rapid growth that had brought improvements to the still very low living standards of working people.
    [Show full text]
  • Reseña De" La Revolución Cubana Del 30: Ensayos" De Fernando
    Caribbean Studies ISSN: 0008-6533 [email protected] Instituto de Estudios del Caribe Puerto Rico Argote-Freyre, Frank Reseña de "La Revolución Cubana del 30: Ensayos" de Fernando Martínez Heredia Caribbean Studies, vol. 37, núm. 1, enero-junio, 2009, pp. 296-300 Instituto de Estudios del Caribe San Juan, Puerto Rico Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=39213080016 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 296 AARÓN GAMALIEL RAMOS the promotion of violence was to strengthen “his and his party’s power and preserve the prebendary and clientelistic characteristics of the state he had vowed to dismantle in 1991, [relying on] armed gangs, the police, and authoritarian practices to suppress his opponents, all the while cul- tivating a self-serving image as defender of the poor” (p. xv). He also joins the debate on whether Aristide had a direct role in the creation of armed groups known as chimès which terrorized Haiti during the crisis preceding his downfall and in their role during the latter part of the Aristide period making less compelling distinctions between the Tontons Makout that operated under the Duvalier dictatorships and the chimès that terrorized the population under Aristide. Dupuy proposes that while the former were structurally connected with the Haitian military and the dictator, chimès were a convenient political force of disaffected youth operating within the less formal organization of Fanmi Lavalas.
    [Show full text]
  • Time Chart #2
    USI NFLUENCE C UBAN R EVOLUTION 1902, May 20. Tomás Estrada Palma is sworn 1933, September 29. Police use weapons to disperse a 1952, March 10. Fulgencio Batista takes Cuban Revolution Triumphs in as the Cuban Republic’s first president. demonstration organized by the Communist Party control of Cuba (again) in a bloodless Soviet Union Collapses to honor student leader Julio Antonio Mella. Six coup de etat. Elections are canceled. 1908 - The Partido Independiente de Color is people are killed, and many others wounded. BAY OF PIGS TERRORISM AGAINST CUBA | BALSEROS | CUBAN DEMOCRACY ACT established by Evaristo Estenoz and others. 1959, January 12. In Santiago de Cuba, 75 men E MBARGO 1930, October 1. M ONCADA are executed. The group allegedly represents 1909 - The Morúa Law bans political parties Machado's government former police guards known for cruelty and Centenary of Martí’s death based on race or class, and denies independ- suspends constitutional 1956, December 2. The violence and members of former Senator Los Marielitos ents the right to run a candidate for president. Rolando Masferrer's private army. guarantees. yacht “Granma” lands in Elián Gonzalez Las Coloradas, Oriente. 2nd U.S. Occupation Missile Crisis Machado Batista Meyer Lansky in Havana Camilo Cienfuegos Che Guevara S R S e u Radio Swan e C m W r 1959, Feb 28. v g Latin Las Vegas u o n e e Castro announces b t a l e a t r F n 2004, October 28. For the 13th consecutive year, the UN General n Public Executions that general o W o a t s f o A Assembly votes overwhelmingly against the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutionaries
    Relay May/June 2005 39 contexts. In his book Revolutionaries (New York: New Press, 2001), Eric Hobsbawm notes that “all revolutionaries must always believe in the necessity of taking the initia- tive, the refusal to wait upon events to make the revolu- tion for them.” This is what the practical lives of Marx, Lenin, Gramsci, Mao, Fidel tell us. As Hobsbawm elabo- rates: “That is why the test of greatness in revolutionar- ies has always been their capacity to discover the new and unexpected characteristics of revolutionary situations and to adapt their tactics to them.... the revolutionary does not create the waves on which he rides, but balances on them.... sooner or later he must stop riding on the wave and must control its direction and movement.” The life of Che Guevara, and the Latin American insurgency that needs of humanity and for this to occur the individual as part ‘Guevaraism’ became associated with during the ‘years of this social mass must find the political space to express of lead’ of the 1960s to 1970s, also tells us that is not his/her social and cultural subjectivity. For Cuban’s therefore enough to want a revolution, and to pursue it unselfishly El Che was not merely a man of armed militancy, but a thinker and passionately. who had accepted thought, which the reality of what then was The course of the 20th century revolutions and revolu- the golden age of American imperialist hegemony and gave tionary movements and the consolidation of neoliberalism his life to fight against this blunt terrorizing instrument.
    [Show full text]
  • Restructuring the Socialist Economy
    CAPITAL AND CLASS IN CUBAN DEVELOPMENT: Restructuring the Socialist Economy Brian Green B.A. Simon Fraser University, 1994 THESISSUBMllTED IN PARTIAL FULFULLMENT OF THE REQUIREMEW FOR THE DEGREE OF MASER OF ARTS Department of Spanish and Latin American Studies O Brian Green 1996 All rights resewed. This work my not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. Siblioth&ye nationale du Canada Azcjuis;lrons and Direction des acquisitions et Bitjibgraphic Sewices Branch des services biblicxpphiques Youi hie Vofrergfereoce Our hie Ncfre rb1Prence The author has granted an L'auteur a accorde une licence irrevocable non-exclusive ficence irrevocable et non exclusive allowing the National Library of permettant & la Bibliotheque Canada to reproduce, loan, nationafe du Canada de distribute or sell copies of reproduire, preter, distribuer ou his/her thesis by any means and vendre des copies de sa these in any form or format, making de quelque maniere et sous this thesis available to interested quelque forme que ce soit pour persons. mettre des exemplaires de cette these a la disposition des personnes int6ress6es. The author retains ownership of L'auteur consenre la propriete du the copyright in his/her thesis. droit d'auteur qui protege sa Neither the thesis nor substantial th&se. Ni la thbe ni des extraits extracts from it may be printed or substantiefs de celle-ci ne otherwise reproduced without doivent 6tre imprimes ou his/her permission. autrement reproduits sans son autorisatiow. PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Sion Fraser Universi the sight to Iend my thesis, prosect or ex?ended essay (the title o7 which is shown below) to users o2 the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the Zibrary of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users.
    [Show full text]