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Primātu Kārtas Primates Sistemātika

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Primātu Kārtas Primates Sistemātika PRIMĀTU KĀRTAS PRIMATES SISTEMĀTIKA The Natural World of Wild Primates, Sugu sistemātiskais saraksts apstiprināts the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Saraksts pieņemts LZA TK sēdē 9.06.2009, lēmums Nr. 83 Apstiprināts 21.12.2009. Saraksts papildināts LZA TK sēdē 15.03.2011., protokols Nr. 2/1104. Jaunās sugas iezīmētas ar indeksu ........10. TAKSO- LATĪŅU VAL. LATVIEŠU VAL. KRIEVU VAL. ANGĻU VAL. PIEZĪMES NI apakš- Prosimiae Puspērtiķi Полуобезьяны Prosimians Izņemot tarsiju dzimtu, mūsdienās šīs apakškārtas kārta puspērtiķi ir ierindoti slapjdeguna pērtiķu grupā – Strepsirhini. Pēc pazīmju kompleksa šie dzīvnieki atrodas uz robežas starp kukaiņēdājiem un pērtiķiem. Tas izpaužas uzvedībā, uzbūvē u.c. dzimta Cheirogaleidae Peļlemuri un Xирогалиновые Dwarf and Mouse pundurlemuri lemurs apakšdz. Cheirogalinae Peļlemuri un Xирогалиновые Dwarf and Mouse pundurlemuri lemurs 1 ģints Microcebus Peļlemuri Микроцебусы или Mouse lemurs Mazi lemuri ar iegareniem pēdas мышиные лемуры kauliem. Pārvietojas lēcieniem. sugas - berthae Bertas peļlemurs Бертов мышиный лемур Berthe’s mouse lemur Nosaukts Madagaskaras zooloģes Bertas vārdā. - murinus pelēkais peļlemurs серый мышиный лемур Graymouse lemur - coquereli (mirza) Kokerela peļlemurs микроцебус Кокьюрела Coquerel’s mouse lemur Nosaukts franču zoologa Šarla Kokerela (Coquerel) vārdā. - rufus rudais peļlemurs красноватый мышиный Russet mouse lemur лемур - griseorufus pelēkrudais peļlemurs серо-бурый мышиный лемур - myoxinus sīkais peļlemurs карликовый мышиный лемур Pygmy mouse lemur Mazākais peļlemurs, kas sver ~30 gr. - ravelobensis Ravelobes peļlemurs равелобенский мышиный Golden-brown mouse Nosaukums pēc Ravelobes ezera лемур lemur (Ravelobe) Madagaskarā. - sambiranensis Sambirano peļlemurs самбиранский мышиный Sambirano mouse lemur Nosaukts pēc Sambirano upes лемур Madagaskarā. - tavaratra ziemeļu peļlemurs северный мышиный лемур Northern rufous mouse lemur ģints Cheirogaleus Pundurlemuri Хирогале или Dwarf lemurs Ļoti mazi, žurkas lieluma карликовые лемуры primāti. sugas - adipicaudatus garastes pundurlemurs длиннохвостый карликовый Long-tailed dwarf lemur лемур - crossley Kroslija pundurlemurs карликовый лемур Кросслея Crossly’s dwarf lemur Nosaukts zoologa Kroslija (Crossly) vārdā. - major lielais pundurlemurs большoй карликовый лемур Greater dwarf lemur - medius vidējais pundurlemurs средний карликовый Fat-tailed dwarf lemur (толстохвостый) лемур - minusculus mazais pundurlemurs малый серый карликовый Smoll Iron-grey dwarf лемур lemur - ravus pelēkais pundurlemurs лемур большой серый Large Iron-grey dwarf карликовый lemur - sibreei Saibrija pundurlemurs карликовый лемур Сибрея Sibree’s dwarf lemur Nosaukts .zoologa Džeimsa Saibrija vārdā (James Sibree). 2 ģints Allocebus Pušķausu Аллоцебус Hairy-eared dwarF Šīs ģints raksturīgākā pazīme ir pundurlemuri lemur kupls apmatojums pie ausīm jeb “ausu pušķi”. sugas - trichotis pušķausu pundurlemurs карликовый лемур с Hairy-eared dwarf lemur лохматыми ушами apakšdz. Phanerinae Dakšsvītru lemuri Фанеры Phaner Nosaukums dots pēc dakšveida svītras uz galvas. ģints Phaner Dakšsvītru lemuri Фанеры или Fork-crowned lemur Lielākie pundurlemuri. Parasti Лемуры вильчатополосые kažoks ir brūngani pelēks, bet aste – daudz tumšāka. Spicas, suņiem līdzīgas ausis, kas nav raksturīgi primātiem. Pakaļējās ekstremitātes ir garākas nekā priekšējās. sugas - furcifer dakšsvītru lemurs фанер Fork-crowned lemur Vietējais nosaukums – valuvi. f. electromontis Ambera kalna фанер с горы Амбер Amber Mountain Nosaukts pēc Amberas kalna, dakšsvītru lemurs fork-crowned lemur kas atrodas Amber Mountain nacionālajā parkā Antsirananas provincē Madagaskaras ziemeļos. f. pallescens bālais dakšsvītru палеский фанер Pale fork-crowned lemurs lemur f. parienti Parjentes dakšsvītru париентский фанер Pariente’s fork- Nosaukts pēc sievietes uzvārda – lemurs crowned lemur Parjente ( G. F. Pariente). 9 Lemuridae Lemuri Лемуры True lemurs Vietējā valodā lemur nozīmē “mirušā gars”. ģints Lemur Lemuri Лемуры Ring-tailed lemurs suga - catta кaķu lemurs кошачий лемур (катта) Ring-tailed lemur Gara aste ar gredzenveida svītrām, tāpēc šai sugai ir arī cits nosaukums – gredzenastes lemurs. Arī ap acīm ir melni gredzeni. Raksturīga poza - sildīties rīta saulē ar paceltām priekšējām ekstremitātēm. 3 ģints Eulemur Īstie lemuri Эулемуры Brown lemurs Sauc arī par maki. sugas - fulvus brūnais lemurs коричневый лемур Brown lemur f. albifrons baltpieres brūnais белолобый White-fronted brown lemurs коричневый лемур lemur f. albocollaris baltapkakles brūnais беловоротничковый White-collared lemurs коричневый лемур brown lemur f. collaris apkakles brūnais воротничковый Collared lemur lemurs коричневй лемур f. mayottensis Majotas brūnais майотский коричневый Mayotte Island lemur Nosaukts pēc Majotas salas lemurs лемур Mozambikas šaurumā Indijas f. rufus sarkanpieres brūnais краснолобый коричневый Red-fronted lemur okeānā. lemurs лемур f. sanfordi Sanforda brūnais коричневый лемур Sanford’s lemur lemurs Санфорда - macaco melnais lemurs черный лемур Black lemur m. flavifrons zilacu melnais lemurs голоубоглазый черный Вlue-eyed black lemur лемур - mongoz mangustu lemurs лемур монгоц Mongoose lemur - coronatus vainaga lemurs венценосный лемур Crowned lemur - rubriventer sarkanvēdera lemurs краснобрюхий лемур Red-bellied lemur ģints Hapalemur Bambuslemuri Гапалемуры Gentle lemurs Sauc arī par pusmaki. Ļoti rāmi, или полумаки mierīgi un ļoti lēni dzīvnieki, visflegmātiskākie primāti, kuru pamatbarība ir bambusi. sugas - griseus pelēkais bambuslemurs серый полулемур Gray gentle lemur Raksturīga pazīme – ļoti lieli pakaļkāju īkšķi. g. alaotrensis Alaotras pelēkais алаотрский серый Lac Alaotra bamboo Nosaukts pēc Alaotras ezera bambuslemurs полулемур lemur Madagaskarā. g. meridionalis Fortdofīnas pelēkais фортдофинский серый Fort Dofin bamboo Nosaukts pēc ostas pilsētas bambuslemurs полулемур lemur Fortdofīnas (Fort Dofin) g. occidentalis rietumu pelēkais западный серый полулемур Western lesser Madagaskarā. Tagad –Taulanaru bambuslemurs bamboo lemur - simus platdeguna широконосый полулемур Broad-nosed gentle Lielāks nekā H.griseus bambuslemurs lemur 4 - aureus zeltainais bambuslemurs золотой бамбуковый лемур Golden bamboo lemur Pārtiek gandrīz tikai no bambusa lapām un dzinumiem, kuros ir daudz cianīdu, kas citiem dzīvniekiem ir inde ģints Varecia Vari* Вари RuFfed lemurs Vietējais nosaukums. Tie ir lielākie lemuri - līdz 60 cm gari. sugas - variegata apkakles vari вари (воротничковый лемур) Ruffed lemur Balta apkakle, mugura un pakaļējās ekstremitātes. v. rubra sarkanais vari красный вари Red ruffed lemur Baltās krāsas vietā – koši sarkana. dzimta Megaladapidae Gigantiskie Гигантские и изящные Giant and Sportive Primitīvākie puspērtiķi. Mazuļus slaidlemuri лемуры lemurs pārnēsā mutē. Augšējā žoklī trūkst priekšzobu. Raksturīgākā pazīme - ēd gandrīz tikai koku lapas. Vienīgā primātu grupa, kurai ir raksturīga koprofāgija – savu ekskrementu apēšana, iespējams, to dara, lai saņemtu celulozes sagremošanai nepieciešamo mikrofloru. ģints Lepilemur Slaidlemuri Лепилемуры Sportive lemur Nosaukums dots pēc smalkās, gracilās miesas būves. Ķermeņa garums ir 28-36 cm, aste ir īsāka nekā ķermenis. Ausis parasti ir pamanāmas, jo tās vienmēr tur stāvus. Kažoka krāsā dominē sarkanīgi brūni, pelēki un dzeltenīgi balti toņi. sugas - mustelinus zebiekstu slaidlemurs лепилемур (изящный лемур) Weasel sportive lemur - ruficaudatus rudastes slaidlemurs краснохвостый лепилемур Red-tailed sportive lemur - dorsalis pelēksānu slaidlemurs серобокий лепилемур Grey-backed sportive lemur 5 - edwardsi Edvardsa slaidlemurs лепилемур Эдвардса Milne-Edwards’ sportive Nosaukts pēc pētnieka Alfonsa lemur Milne-Edvardsa (Alphonse Milne-Edwards) vārda. - leucopus baltkāju slaidlemurs белоногий лепилемур White-footed sportive lemur - microdon sīkzobu slaidlemurs мелкозубый лепилемур Small-toothed sportive lemur - septentrionalis ziemeļu slaidlemurs северный лепилемур Northen sportive lemur dzimta Indriidae Indri Индриобразные Indrisoid lemurs Vietējā valodā indri nozīmē “paskaties uz to!”. Dabaspētnieks P. Sonera to pierakstīja kā sugas nosaukumu, ko pārņēma daudzās valodās. Vietējais nosaukums – babakato nozīmē “meža cilvēks”. Īsa aste un gara vilna. Purns ir īsāks, apmatots, ar mazāku vibrisu skaitu nekā pārējiem puspērtiķiem. Plaukstās un pēdās īkšķi novietoti pretī pārējiem pirkstiem. Pēdas otrajam pirkstam ir garš ass nags. ģints Propithecus SiFakas Cифаки SiFakas Vietējais nosaukums. Slaidi, ar ļoti garām pakaļējām ekstremitātēm un garu asti sugas - diademа baltpieres sifaka сифака с диадемой или Diademed sifaka Uz tumšās sejas izdalās balta белолобый индри svītra uz pieres,kas stiepjas no d. candidus zīdainais baltpieres сифака шелковистый Silky sifaka auss līdz ausij. sifaka d. edwardsi Edvardsa baltpieres белолобый индри Milne-Edwards’s Nosaukts pēc pētnieka Alfonsa sifaka Эдвардса sifaka Milne-Edvardsa (Alphonse Milne-Edwards) vārda. d. perrieri Perjē baltpieres sifaka белолобый индри Perrier’s sifaka Nosaukts pēc franču uzvārda Перьера Perjē ( Perrier). 6 - tattersalli Zeltkroņa sifaka сифака с золотой диадемой Golden-crowned sifaka - verreauxi Vero sifaka сифака верро Verreaux’s sifaka Nosaukts pēc franču uzvārda Vero (Verreaux). v. coqureli Kokerela sifaka сифака верро Кокьюрела Coqurell’s sifaka v. coronatus cekulainais Vero хохлатый сифака Сrowned sifaka sifaka v. deckeni Dekena sifaka сифака Декена Decken’s sifaka ģints Avachi Pūklemuri Авагисы Wolly lemurs Nosaukums dots pēc izskata – gara mīksta vilna
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