Lansium Domesticum 1 Lansium Domesticum

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Lansium Domesticum 1 Lansium Domesticum Lansium domesticum 1 Lansium domesticum Cet article est une ébauche concernant la flore. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Longkong Lansium domesticum, aux Philippines Classification Règne Plantae Sous-règne Tracheobionta Division Magnoliophyta Classe Magnoliopsida Sous-classe Rosidae Ordre Sapindales Famille Meliaceae Genre Lansium Nom binominal Lansium domesticum Corrêa Le Lansium domesticum est une espèce d'arbre à fruits de la famille des Meliaceae. En Indonésie, le fruit s'appelle duku ou langsat. Aux Philippines, on l'appelle lanzones. En Thaïlande, on l'appelle longkong. C'est le symbole de la province de Narathiwat. Lansium domesticum 2 Synonymes • Aglaia aquea (Jack) Kosterm. (1966) • Aglaia domestica (Corrêa) Pellegrin (1911) • Aglaia dookoo Griffith (1854) Liens externes • Référence Catalogue of Life : Lansium domesticum Correa [1] (en) [2] [3] • Référence ITIS : Lansium domesticum Correa (fr) (+ version anglaise (en)) • Référence NCBI : Lansium domesticum [4] (en) [5] [6] • Référence GRIN : espèce Lansium domesticum Correa (en) • Portail de la botanique Références [1] http:/ / www. catalogueoflife. org/ col/ search/ scientific/ genus/ Lansium/ species/ domesticum/ match/ 1/ match/ 1 [2] http:/ / www. cbif. gc. ca/ pls/ itisca/ next?taxa=& p_format=& p_ifx=& p_lang=fr& v_tsn=506421 [3] http:/ / www. itis. gov/ servlet/ SingleRpt/ SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN& search_value=506421 [4] http:/ / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/ Taxonomy/ Browser/ wwwtax. cgi?lin=s& p=has_linkout& id=201017 [5] http:/ / www. ars-grin. gov/ [6] http:/ / www. ars-grin. gov/ cgi-bin/ npgs/ html/ taxon. pl?70393 Sources et contributeurs de l’article 3 Sources et contributeurs de l’article Lansium domesticum Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=90659740 Contributeurs: Chaoborus, Humboldt, Totodu74 Source des images, licences et contributeurs Image: Mini nopal.png Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Mini_nopal.png Licence: Public Domain Contributeurs: Pixeltoo Fichier:Lanzones.jpg Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Lanzones.jpg Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributeurs: Mike Gonzalez (TheCoffee) Fichier:Icone botanique01.png Source: http://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Icone_botanique01.png Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 1.0 Generic Contributeurs: Original uploader was Pixeltoo at fr.wikipedia Licence Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
Recommended publications
  • Honorary Editors: in 1962 a MSS. on the Indonesian Species of Lansium
    KEINWARDTIA HERBARIUM BOGORlENSE Published by Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia Volume 7, Part 3, p.p. 221—282 (1966) Head: ANWARI DILMY, Dip. For., Lecturer in Botany. A MONOGRAPH OF AGLAIA, sect. LANSIUM Kosterm. (MELIACEAE) Staff: W. SOEGENG REKSODIHARDJO, Ph.D., Botanist. A. J. G. H. KOSTERMANS *) E. SOEPADMO, Ph.D., „ SUMMARY E. KUSWATA EAETAWINATA, B.SC, ASS. Botanist. 1. The history of the genus and the arguments for merging it with Aglaia,, are MIEN A. RIPAI, M.SC, ASS. Mycologist. expounded. DJAJA DJENBOEL SOEJARTO, M.SC, ASS. Botanist. 2. The section Lansium of Aglaia is characterized by simple hairs and contains 15 N. WlRAWAN, B.Sc, „ species. I. SOEJATMI, B.Sc, » 8. Aglaia kinabaluensis, A. intricatoreticulata, A. membrartacea and A. chartacea are new to science. 4. New combinations: Aglaia anamallayana, aquea, breviracemosa, dubia, koster- Honorary editors: mansii, pedicellata, sepalina. New names: A. steenisii (base: L. pedicellatum C. G. G. J. VAN STEENIS, D.SC, Flora Malesiana Kosterm.), A. pseudolansium (base: L.cinereum Hiern). Foundation. 5. The genus Reinwardtiodendron Koorders is merged with Aglaia (sect Lansium) ; A. J. G. H. KOSTERMANS, D.Sc, Forest Research new name: A. reinwardtiana (base R. celebicum Kds.). Institute. 6. Excluded are: Lansium decandrum Roxb. and L. hum.ile Hassk., which are referred to Aphanamixis (A. decandra and A. humile, comb, nov.). 7. Aglaia jdnowskyi Harms is referred to Amoora as A. janowskyi (Harms) Kosterm., comb. nov. 8. The three well-known, commercial fruit trees: Duku, Langsat and Pisitan are considered to represent three distict species. They have been treated exhaustively. 9. Melia parasitica Osbeck is referred to Dysoxylum as D.
    [Show full text]
  • INTRODUCTION Meliaceae Is a Large Family Containing 49–50 Genera
    THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 43: 79–86. 2015. Toona calcicola, a new species and Reinwardtiodendron humile, a new record to Thailand SUKID RUEANGRUEA1, SHUICHIRO TAGANE2,*, SOMRAN SUDDEE1, NAIYANA TETSANA1, MANOP POOPATH1, HIDETOSHI NAGAMASU3 & AKIYO NAIKI4 ABSTRACT. Two species of Meliaceae, Toona calcicola and Reinwardtiodendron humile are newly added for fl ora of Thailand. Toona calcicola, a new species from Suan Hin Pha Ngam Forest Park, Loei Province, is described and illustrated. This species is endemic to ridge of limestone hill and characterized by Cycas petraea A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill and Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep. Since this is the fi rst account of the genus Reinwardtiodendron to the fl ora of Thailand, the key to the genera of Meliaceae (based on fl owers) in Thailand is revised. KEY WORDS: Meliaceae, Reinwardtiodendron, Toona, new species, new record, Flora of Thailand. INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION Meliaceae is a large family containing 49–50 genera and ca 620 species and distributed in pan- Toona calcicola Rueangr., Tagane & Suddee, sp. tropical area expanding to temperate zone (Mabberley nov. et al., 2007). In Southeast Asia, species of Meliaceae Erect infl orescences and subsessile to short are widely found from lowlands to higher elevation petiolules up to 2 mm long are characteristic of this highlands, and are one of important components in species, differing from all the other species of tropical and subtropical evergreen forests. In Thailand, Toona. Phenotypically similar to Toona ciliata M. 18 genera, 84 species, 3 subspecies and 4 varieties Roem. but differs in having puberulent leaf blades were recognized (Wongprasert et al., 2011; Pooma on both surfaces, cordate leaf base (vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of Peninsular Malaysia. Series II: Seed Plants, Volume 4. (Malayan Forest Records No
    Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 66(2): 241–242. 2014 241 BOOK REVIEW: Flora of Peninsular Malaysia. Series II: Seed Plants, Volume 4. (Malayan Forest Records No. 49) R. Kiew, R.C.K. Chung, L.G. Saw & E. Soepadmo (eds). 2013. Kepong: Forest Research Institute Malaysia. 25.7 cm × 18 cm, hard cover. 405 pp. ISBN 978- 967-0622-08-8. Price RM 100 / US$ 75. The Flora of Peninsular Malaysia project is progressing remarkably well, with the fourth volume of the seed plants series released late last year. This volume includes eight taxonomic revisions, namely Actinidiaceae, Cabombaceae, Crypteroniaceae, Goodeniaceae, Meliaceae, Memecylaceae, Opiliaceae and Pandaceae, altogether 166 taxa in 29 genera. As anticipated, this volume is well structured and produced. The volume begins with a short chapter on conservation by L.S.L. Chua that includes two tables summarising (i) the number of native taxa for each Red List category assessed using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (Version 3.1), and (ii) a list of threatened (i.e., Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable), Data Deficient and Rare taxa, recorded in the volume. The taxonomic accounts of the eight families are then presented in alphabetical order. The format of each revision is quite standard, as in any long-running Flora series, following styles adopted for the first volume. There are taxonomic keys provided to distinguish genera, as well as species, for all the families revised, and these keys are easy-to-use. The bulk of this volume is the account of the Meliaceae by D.J. Mabberley and C.M. Pannell, with a contribution by J.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Biotech Desember 2013 Edit 14 April FIX.Indd
    IndonesianHanum et al. Journal of Biotechnology, December, 2013 Vol. 18, No. 2, I.J.pp.123-132 Biotech. The Phylogenetic Relationship Among Varieties of Lansium domesticum Correa Based on ITS rDNA Sequences Laila Hanum1,2*, Rina Sri Kasiamdari2, Santosa2, and Rugayah3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 2Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 3Botany Divison, Research Center for Biology, Indonesia Institute of Science, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Abstract Lansium domesticum Corr. with vernacular name in Indonesian duku has been reported containing therapeutic bioactive compounds, and some of these compounds shown to be potent antitumor, anticancer, antimalaria, antimelanogenesis, antibacteria, and antimutagenic activities. This plant is commonly known as duku, kokosan and langsat by the local community in Indonesia. The morphological appearance of all varieties is nearly the same, and identifi cation of the varieties is very diffi cult for growers. Variation of DNA sequences of the ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) region can be used as a molecular character to determine the phylogenetic relationship of different varieties of L. domesticum. The aims of this study were to determine taxonomy status of duku, kokosan, and langsat, also phylogenetic relationship among varieties of L. domesticum based on ITS rDNA sequencing. DNA was isolated from leaves of plant and then amplifi ed using F1 and R1 primers. Nucleotide sequences were identifi ed using Sequence Scanner Software Programm version 1.0, nucleotide sequences from 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and 26S region, that has been mergered using EditSeq and SegMan in software Suite for Sequence Analysis DNASTAR Lasergene DM version 3.0.25.
    [Show full text]
  • A Generic Monograph of the Meliaceae
    BLUMEA 22 (1975) 419—54.0 A generic monograph of the Meliaceae T.D. Pennington) and B.T. Styles Contents Introduction (by F. White) 419 Part I. General Discussion (by T. D. Pennington) Chapter 1. Taxonomic History 422 Chapter 2. Morphology 428 Chapter 3. Wood Structure 434 Chapter 4. Pollen 438 Chapter 5. Delimitation of Taxa 440 Part II. Conspectus of Genera (by T. D. Pennington and B. T. Styles) ofsubfamilies and and to 1 A. Family description; diagnoses tribes; descriptions keys genera —51 . 448 B. Keys to the identification of Genera 527 Acknowledgements 535 References 536 Index of Scientific Names 539 Introduction by F. White4) the the Ofall plant families Meliaceae is among more useful to man, chiefly for its high for with which be quality timbers and the ease some species can grown in plantations. Almost confined to the tropics, its species nevertheless pervade them, and occur, often conspicuously, in a variety of habitats from rain forest to mangrove swamp and semi- desert. the and For its size, family probably contains a wider range of floral fruit structures what other family is there such a diversity of than any comparable group. In primitive 5 ‘arillate ’ seeds, side-by-side with such an array of derived fruits and seeds, and still take the else be connected by intermediates? Or, to flower, where can found such a diversity of forms, from the minute, but structurally complex, flowers of Aglaia, often flowers of with no larger than a pin-head, to the moth-pollinated some Turraea, their slender staminal tubes reaching a length of 12 cm or more? This diversity is a source of rich material for the student of evolutionand of plant and animalinter-relationships, and provides an interest so often lacking in taxonomic studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeography and Ecology in a Pantropical Family, the Meliaceae
    Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(Suppl. 2):335-461. 2019 335 doi: 10.26492/gbs71(suppl. 2).2019-22 Biogeography and ecology in a pantropical family, the Meliaceae M. Heads Buffalo Museum of Science, 1020 Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo, NY 14211-1293, USA. [email protected] ABSTRACT. This paper reviews the biogeography and ecology of the family Meliaceae and maps many of the clades. Recently published molecular phylogenies are used as a framework to interpret distributional and ecological data. The sections on distribution concentrate on allopatry, on areas of overlap among clades, and on centres of diversity. The sections on ecology focus on populations of the family that are not in typical, dry-ground, lowland rain forest, for example, in and around mangrove forest, in peat swamp and other kinds of freshwater swamp forest, on limestone, and in open vegetation such as savanna woodland. Information on the altitudinal range of the genera is presented, and brief notes on architecture are also given. The paper considers the relationship between the distribution and ecology of the taxa, and the interpretation of the fossil record of the family, along with its significance for biogeographic studies. Finally, the paper discusses whether the evolution of Meliaceae can be attributed to ‘radiations’ from restricted centres of origin into new morphological, geographical and ecological space, or whether it is better explained by phases of vicariance in widespread ancestors, alternating with phases of range expansion. Keywords. Altitude, limestone, mangrove, rain forest, savanna, swamp forest, tropics, vicariance Introduction The family Meliaceae is well known for its high-quality timbers, especially mahogany (Swietenia Jacq.).
    [Show full text]
  • Field Instructions for the Urban Inventory of San
    FIELD INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE URBAN INVENTORY OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA & PORTLAND, OREGON 2018 FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS RESOURCE MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT PROGRAM PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION USDA FOREST SERVICE Note to User: URBAN FIA Field Guide 7.2 is based on the National CORE Field Guide, Version 7.2. Data elements are national CORE unless indicated as follows: • National CORE data elements that end in “+U” (e.g., x.x+U) have had values,codes, or text added, changed, or adjusted from the CORE program. Any additional URBAN FIA text for a national CORE data element is hi-lighted or shown as an "Urban Note". • All URBAN FIA data elements end in “U” (e.g., x.xU). The text for an URBAN FIA data element is not hi- lighted and does not have a corresponding variable in CORE. • URBAN FIA electronic file notes: • national CORE data elements that are not applicable in URBAN FIA are formatted as light gray or light gray hidden text. • hyperlink cross-references are included for various sections, figures, and tables. *National CORE data elements retain their national CORE field guide data element/variable number but may not retain their national CORE field guide location or sequence within the guide. pg.3 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION . 11 SECTION 1.1 URBAN OVERVIEW. .11 SECTION 1.2 FIELD GUIDE LAYOUT . 12 SECTION 1.3 UNITS OF MEASURE . 12 CHAPTER 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 13 SECTION 2.1 PLOT SETUP . 15 SECTION 2.2 PLOT INTEGRITY . 15 SECTION 2.3 PLOT MONUMENTATION . 15 ITEM 2.3.0.1 MONUMENT TYPE (CORE 0.3.1U) .
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Variability and Out-Crossing Rate in Open Pollinated Duku
    Available online a t www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2016, 8 (18):185-191 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4 Genetic Variability and Out-crossing rate in open pollinated Duku ‘Kumpe’ (Lansium parasiticum (osbeck) K.C.Sahni & Bennet.), a Potential Type of Duku from Jambi, Indonesia Pinta Murni 1, Syamsuardi 2* , Nurainas 2, Ellina Mansyah 3 and Chairul 2 1Doctor Student of Biology Study Program, Faculty of Math. & Nat. Sci. Andalas University & Department Biology, Fac. Faculty of Math. Nath. Jambi University; 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Math. & Nat. Sci. Andalas University; 3Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute, Solok, West Sumatra _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Duku ‘Kumpeh’ is one of the potential local type cultivars of Duku Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck) K.C. Sahni & Bennet.), from specific area in the Jambi. For sustainable utilization of this local germplasm of tropical fruit, understanding of reproduction and genetic information of the plant is needed. The reproductive system of a plant species is a factor that directly determine the potential and success of conservation germplasm for the future. Until now, the breeding system about this plant still unclear although there were different opinions whether duku produce asexually (apomictic), sexual or both. Based on this fact, it is necessary to clarify this problem. A total of 60 seeds from three parental trees (20 seeds from Kumpeh and 22 seeds from Dusun Tuo and 18 seeds from Muaro Panco) were germinated in the greenhouse for obtaining DNA samples. DNA samples were extracted using CTAB method and amplified using Inter Simple Sequences Repeat (ISSR) primers.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Genetic Impurity of an Original Cultivar Duku (Lansium Parasiticum (Osbeck.) K.C
    International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) Vol-3, Issue-2, Mar -Apr- 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.2.16 ISSN: 2456-1878 Analysis of Genetic Impurity of An Original Cultivar Duku (Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck.) K.C. Sahni & Bennet.), from Jambi, Indonesia Using ITS and MatK Gene Syamsuardi1*, Chairul1, Pinta Murni2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Math. And Nat. Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Limau Manis, Padang, Indonesia 2Department of Biology, of Math. And Nat. Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: E mail ID: [email protected] Abstract—Duku Kumpeh is a original cultivar of Duku Peninsular Malaysia [1]. This tropical plant is not only (Lansium parasiticum) from Kumpeh a local village in the important as a edible fruit and widely consumed fresh for Jambi, Indonesia. The understanding about genetic dessert but also it can also be utilized in cosmetics due to information is very important for sustainability used of its extract has antioxidant property as well as moisturizing this prospoctive germplasm of tropical fruit. and almost no effects with a good safety profile [2]. The Identification molecular is very essential to distinguish people used this plants for treatment of intestinal duku kumpeh with other cultivars of duku in Indonesia. problems, and malaria, because of its fruit, seed and bark, Molecular characteristic of sixteen accessions of Duku have specific chemical constituent such as: andirobin Kumpeh were clarified using ITS and MatK gene. DNA derivates, methyl-angolensates, exicanolides, anazadira- from sixteen accessions duku from Jambi were extracted dione, onoceranoids and dukunolides, lansionic acid. [3]. using Genomic KIT plant and amplified them using There were eleven different synonym name of duku, thus primer of ITS and MatK gene.
    [Show full text]
  • Lansium Domesticum 1 Lansium Domesticum
    Lansium domesticum 1 Lansium domesticum Lansium domesticum Lanzones in the Philippines Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Meliaceae Genus: Lansium Species: L. domesticum Binomial name Lansium domesticum Corrêa Synonyms • Aglaia aquea (Jack) Kosterm. (1966) • Aglaia domestica (Corrêa) Pellegrin (1911) • Aglaia dookoo Griffith (1854) Lansium domesticum, also known as langsat, buahluku or lanzones, is a species of tree in the Mahogany family. The plant, which originates from western Southeast Asia, bears edible fruit. It is the provincial flower for the Indonesian province of South Sumatra. Lansium domesticum 2 Description The tree is average sized, reaching 30 metres (98 ft) in height and 75 centimetres (30 in) in diameter. Seedling trees 30 years old planted at 8 x 8 meter spacing can have a height of 10 meters and diameter of 25 cm. The trunk grows in an irregular manner, with its buttress roots showing above ground. The tree's bark is a greyish colour, with light and dark spots. Its resin is thick and milk coloured. The pinnately compound leaves are odd numbered, with thin hair, and 6 to 9 buds at intervals. The buds are long and elliptical, approximately 9 to 21 centimetres (3.5 to 8.3 in) by 5 to 10 centimetres (2.0 to 3.9 in) in size. The upper edge shines, and the leaves themselves have pointed bases and tips. The stems of the buds measure 5 to 12 millimetres (0.20 to 0.47 in). The flowers are located in inflorescences that grow and hang from large branches or the trunk; the bunches may number up to 5 in one place.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity and Geographic Structure in Aglaia Elaeagnoidea
    Blumea 54, 2009: 207–216 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/000651909X476175 Genetic diversity and geographic structure in Aglaia elaeagnoidea (Meliaceae, Sapindales), a morphologically complex tree species, near the two extremes of its distribution A.N. Muellner1, H. Greger2, C.M. Pannell3 Key words Abstract Aglaia elaeagnoidea is the most widespread and one of the more morphologically diverse complex species in the largest genus of the mahogany family (Meliaceae, Sapindales). We performed maximum parsimony, maxi- Aglaia mum likelihood and Bayesian analyses (nuclear ITS rDNA) to estimate genetic relations among samples of Aglaia biogeography elaeagnoidea, and their phylogenetic position within Aglaia (more than 120 species in Indomalesia, Australasia, and dispersal the Pacific islands). Based on 90 accessions of Melioideae (ingroup) and four taxa of Cedreloideae (outgroup), this internal transcribed spacer (ITS) study 1) provides a first assessment of the genetic diversity of Aglaia elaeagnoidea; 2) investigates the geographic Meliaceae structure of the data in selected eastern and western regions of its distribution; and 3) suggests that Australia has molecular clock been colonized only recently by A. elaeagnoidea and other species within the genus (Miocene/Pliocene boundary Sapindales to Pliocene). Based on DNA data, morphology and additional evidence derived from biogenetic trends (secondary metabolites), the name Aglaia roxburghiana could be reinstated for specimens from the western end (India, Sri Lanka), but we have no data yet to indicate definitely where A. roxburghiana ends and A. elaeagnoidea begins either morphologically or geographically. Viewed in a more general context, Aglaieae are an ideal model group for obtaining more insights into the origin and evolution of Indomalesian and Australian biotas.
    [Show full text]
  • Title: Evaluating an Insect Agent for Biological Control of Christmas Berry
    Title: Evaluating an insect agent for biological control of Christmas berry (Schinus terebinthifolius) in Hawai`i Organizations: USDA Forest Service, USDA Agricultural Research Service Award: $25,000 Introduction: The USDA Forest Service Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry researches natural enemies of invasive plants for their potential use in management of Hawaiian forest weeds. We were awarded funds by HISC and the Hawaii Watershed Partnerships Program for host specificity testing of a potential natural enemy for Christmas berry (Schinus terebinthifolius). Christmas berry is a major pest of mesic ranchland, natural areas and archaeological sites, and a high priority target for biological control in Hawai`i. Dr. Gregory Wheeler of the USDA- ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory (IPRL) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida has been contracted to test a Brazilian thrips insect, Pseudophilothrips ichini, to determine if it will be safe for release in Hawai`i for control of Christmas berry Pseudophilothrips ichini larvae and (also called Brazilian pepper in Florida). The IPRL is testing approximately 35 adults feed on Christmas berry species of crop plants, native plants and culturally important plants that occur in stems and leaves Hawai`i, mostly within the order Sapindales, to which Christmas berry belongs. Achievements in FY13 Feeding and reproduction of the P. ichini thrips has been evaluated on 29 plant species of importance to Hawai`i, and most tests are complete with 4 or 5 replicate plants tested (Table 1). The test plant list includes the closest relatives of the weed that occur in Hawai`i. Tests are under no-choice conditions (insects faced with starvation): 20 adult thrips are allowed to feed and reproduce on each test plant, and the next generation of adults are counted.
    [Show full text]