Order Myctophiformes, Lanternfishes
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Global Diversity of Fish (Pisces) in Freshwater
Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:545–567 DOI 10.1007/s10750-007-9034-0 FRESHWATER ANIMAL DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT Global diversity of fish (Pisces) in freshwater C. Le´veˆque Æ T. Oberdorff Æ D. Paugy Æ M. L. J. Stiassny Æ P. A. Tedesco Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract The precise number of extant fish spe- species live in lakes and rivers that cover only 1% cies remains to be determined. About 28,900 species of the earth’s surface, while the remaining 16,000 were listed in FishBase in 2005, but some experts species live in salt water covering a full 70%. While feel that the final total may be considerably higher. freshwater species belong to some 170 families (or Freshwater fishes comprise until now almost 13,000 207 if peripheral species are also considered), the species (and 2,513 genera) (including only fresh- bulk of species occur in a relatively few groups: water and strictly peripheral species), or about the Characiformes, Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, 15,000 if all species occurring from fresh to and Gymnotiformes, the Perciformes (noteably the brackishwaters are included. Noteworthy is the fact family Cichlidae), and the Cyprinodontiformes. that the estimated 13,000 strictly freshwater fish Biogeographically the distribution of strictly fresh- water species and genera are, respectively 4,035 species (705 genera) in the Neotropical region, 2,938 (390 genera) in the Afrotropical, 2,345 (440 Guest editors: E. V. Balian, C. Le´veˆque, H. Segers & K. Martens genera) in the Oriental, 1,844 (380 genera) in the Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment Palaearctic, 1,411 (298 genera) in the Nearctic, and 261 (94 genera) in the Australian. -
Article Evolutionary Dynamics of the OR Gene Repertoire in Teleost Fishes
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Article Evolutionary dynamics of the OR gene repertoire in teleost fishes: evidence of an association with changes in olfactory epithelium shape Maxime Policarpo1, Katherine E Bemis2, James C Tyler3, Cushla J Metcalfe4, Patrick Laurenti5, Jean-Christophe Sandoz1, Sylvie Rétaux6 and Didier Casane*,1,7 1 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 2 NOAA National Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. 3Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20560, U.S.A. 4 Independent Researcher, PO Box 21, Nambour QLD 4560, Australia. 5 Université de Paris, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France 6 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur- Yvette, France. 7 Université de Paris, UFR Sciences du Vivant, F-75013 Paris, France. * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]. !1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Teleost fishes perceive their environment through a range of sensory modalities, among which olfaction often plays an important role. -
Zoology Marine Ornamental Fish Biodiversity of West Bengal ABSTRACT
Research Paper Volume : 4 | Issue : 8 | Aug 2015 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 Zoology Marine Ornamental Fish Biodiversity of KEYWORDS : Marine fish, ornamental, West Bengal diversity, West Bengal. Principal Scientist and Scientist-in-Charge, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Dr. B. K. Mahapatra Salt Lake City, Kolkata-700091, India Director and Vice-Chancellor, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Dr. W. S. Lakra Mumbai- 400 061, India ABSTRACT The State of West Bengal, India endowed with 158 km coast line for marine water resources with inshore, up-shore areas and continental shelf of Bay of Bengal form an important fishery resource and also possesses a rich wealth of indigenous marine ornamental fishes.The present study recorded a total of 113 marine ornamental fish species, belonging to 75 genera under 45 families and 10 orders.Order Perciformes is represented by a maximum of 26 families having 79 species under 49 genera followed by Tetraodontiformes (5 family; 9 genus and 10 species), Scorpaeniformes (2 family; 3 genus and 6 species), Anguilliformes (2 family; 3 genus and 4 species), Syngnathiformes (2 family; 3 genus and 3 species), Pleuronectiformes (2 family; 2 genus and 4 species), Siluriformes (2 family; 2 genus and 3 species), Beloniformes (2 family; 2 genus and 2 species), Lophiformes (1 family; 1 genus and 1 species), Beryciformes(1 family; 1 genus and 1 species). Introduction Table 1: List of Marine ornamental fishes of West Bengal Ornamental fishery, which started centuries back as a hobby, ORDER 1: PERCIFORMES has now started taking the shape of a multi-billion dollar in- dustry. -
Order BERYCIFORMES ANOPLOGASTRIDAE Fangtooths (Ogrefish) by J.A
click for previous page 1178 Bony Fishes Order BERYCIFORMES ANOPLOGASTRIDAE Fangtooths (ogrefish) by J.A. Moore, Florida Atlantic University, USA iagnostic characters: Small (to about 160 mm standard length) beryciform fishes.Body short, deep, and Dcompressed, tapering to narrow peduncle. Head large (1/3 standard length). Eye smaller than snout length in adults, but larger than snout length in juveniles. Mouth very large and oblique, jaws extend be- hind eye in adults; 1 supramaxilla. Bands of villiform teeth in juveniles are replaced with large fangs on dentary and premaxilla in adults; vomer and palatines toothless. Deep sensory canals separated by ser- rated ridges; very large parietal and preopercular spines in juveniles of one species, all disappearing with age. Gill rakers as clusters of teeth on gill arch in adults (lath-like in juveniles). No true fin spines; single, long-based dorsal fin with 16 to 20 rays; anal fin very short-based with 7 to 9 soft rays; caudal fin emarginate; pectoral fins with 13 to 16 soft rays; pelvic fins with 7 soft rays. Scales small, non-overlapping, spinose, goblet-shaped in adults; lateral line an open groove partially bridged by scales; no enlarged ventral keel scutes. Colour: entirely dark brown or black in adults. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Meso- to bathypelagic, at depths of 75 to 5 000 m. Carnivores, with juveniles feeding on mainly crustaceans and adults mainly on fishes. May sometimes swim in small groups. Uncommon deep-sea fishes of no commercial importance. Remarks: The family was revised recently by Kotlyar (1986) and contains 1 genus with 2 species throughout the tropical and temperate latitudes. -
BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes
click for previous page BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes GENERAL REMARKS by K.E. Carpenter, Old Dominion University, Virginia, USA ony fishes constitute the bulk, by far, of both the diversity and total landings of marine organisms encoun- Btered in fisheries of the Western Central Atlantic.They are found in all macrofaunal marine and estuarine habitats and exhibit a lavish array of adaptations to these environments. This extreme diversity of form and taxa presents an exceptional challenge for identification. There are 30 orders and 269 families of bony fishes presented in this guide, representing all families known from the area. Each order and family presents a unique suite of taxonomic problems and relevant characters. The purpose of this preliminary section on technical terms and guide to orders and families is to serve as an introduction and initial identification guide to this taxonomic diversity. It should also serve as a general reference for those features most commonly used in identification of bony fishes throughout the remaining volumes. However, I cannot begin to introduce the many facets of fish biology relevant to understanding the diversity of fishes in a few pages. For this, the reader is directed to one of the several general texts on fish biology such as the ones by Bond (1996), Moyle and Cech (1996), and Helfman et al.(1997) listed below. A general introduction to the fisheries of bony fishes in this region is given in the introduction to these volumes. Taxonomic details relevant to a specific family are explained under each of the appropriate family sections. The classification of bony fishes continues to transform as our knowledge of their evolutionary relationships improves. -
§4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
§4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm, -
Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi
Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 (http://www.accessscience.com/) Article by: Boschung, Herbert Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Gardiner, Brian Linnean Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. Publication year: 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400) Content Morphology Euteleostei Bibliography Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi The most recent group of actinopterygians (rayfin fishes), first appearing in the Upper Triassic (Fig. 1). About 26,840 species are contained within the Teleostei, accounting for more than half of all living vertebrates and over 96% of all living fishes. Teleosts comprise 517 families, of which 69 are extinct, leaving 448 extant families; of these, about 43% have no fossil record. See also: Actinopterygii (/content/actinopterygii/009100); Osteichthyes (/content/osteichthyes/478500) Fig. 1 Cladogram showing the relationships of the extant teleosts with the other extant actinopterygians. (J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2006) 1 of 9 10/7/2015 1:07 PM Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 Morphology Much of the evidence for teleost monophyly (evolving from a common ancestral form) and relationships comes from the caudal skeleton and concomitant acquisition of a homocercal tail (upper and lower lobes of the caudal fin are symmetrical). This type of tail primitively results from an ontogenetic fusion of centra (bodies of vertebrae) and the possession of paired bracing bones located bilaterally along the dorsal region of the caudal skeleton, derived ontogenetically from the neural arches (uroneurals) of the ural (tail) centra. -
Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha
Research in Zoology 2014, 4(2): 29-42 DOI: 10.5923/j.zoology.20140402.01 Comparative Osteology of the Jaws in Representatives of the Eurypterygian Fishes Yazdan Keivany Department of Natural Resources (Fisheries Division), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran Abstract The osteology of the jaws in representatives of 49 genera in 40 families of eurypterygian fishes, including: Aulopiformes, Myctophiformes, Lampridiformes, Polymixiiformes, Percopsiformes, Mugiliformes, Atheriniformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Stephanoberyciformes, Beryciformes, Zeiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Synbranchiformes, Scorpaeniformes (including Dactylopteridae), and Perciformes (including Elassomatidae) were studied. Generally, in this group, the upper jaw consists of the premaxilla, maxilla, and supramaxilla. The lower jaw consists of the dentary, anguloarticular, retroarticular, and sesamoid articular. In higher taxa, the premaxilla bears ascending, articular, and postmaxillary processes. The maxilla usually bears a ventral and a dorsal articular process. The supramaxilla is present only in some taxa. The dentary is usually toothed and bears coronoid and posteroventral processes. The retroarticular is small and located at the posteroventral corner of the anguloarticular. Keywords Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha following method for clearing and staining bone and 1. Introduction cartilage provided in reference [18]. A camera lucida attached to a Wild M5 dissecting stereomicroscope was used Despite the introduction of modern techniques such as to prepare the drawings. The bones in the first figure of each DNA sequencing and barcoding, osteology, due to its anatomical section are arbitrarily shaded and labeled and in reliability, still plays an important role in the systematic the others are shaded in a consistent manner (dark, medium, study of fishes and comprises a major percent of today’s and clear) to facilitate comparison among the taxa. -
Cytogenetic Analysis of Global Populations of Mugil Cephalus (Striped Mullet) by Different Staining Techniques and Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization
Heredity 76 (1996) 77—82 Received 30 May 1995 Cytogenetic analysis of global populations of Mugil cephalus (striped mullet) by different staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization ANNA RITA ROSSI, DONATELLA CROSETTIt, EKATERINA GORNUNG & LUCIANA SOLA* Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Rome 7, Via A. Bore/li 50, 00161 Rome and tICRAM, Central Institute for Marine Research, Via L. Respighi 5, 00197 Rome, Italy Thepresent paper reports the results of cytogenetic analysis carried out on several scattered populations of the striped mullet, Mugil cephalus, the most widespead among mugilid species. The karyotype was investigated through Ag-staining, C-banding, fluorochrome-staining (chro- momycin A3/DAPI) and fluorescent in situ hybridization with rDNA genes. All populations showed the same chromosome number and morphology and no changes were detected in heterochromatin and NORs. Therefore, neither population- nor sex-specific marker chromo- somes were identified. In some of the specimens, NOR size heteromorphism was detected. Results are discussed with respect to karyotype and ribosomal cistrons organization and to cytotaxonomic implications. Keywords:cytotaxonomy,FISH, heterochromatin, karyotype, NOR. Although the karyotype of M cephalus is already Introduction known (Table 1), there are no data from differential Thestriped mullet, Mugil cephalus, is the most wide- staining techniques, except for observations on spread among mugilid species, and inhabits the trop- nucleolar organizer regions (NOR5) by Amemiya & ical and subtropical seas of the world. Both the Gold (1986). Moreover, previous studies cover only worldwide distribution, the range discontinuity few localities from the wide species range and speci- (Thomson, 1963) and the coastally-dependent life mens from more than one collecting site have never history have raised questions on the conspecificity of been observed in the same laboratory. -
Common Name: ALLIGATOR SNAPPING TURTLE
Common Name: BLUEBARRED PYGMY SUNFISH Scientific Name: Elassoma okatie Rohde and Arndt Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Elassomatidae Rarity Ranks: G2G3/S1S2 State Legal Status: Endangered Federal Legal Status: none Description: Like other pygmy sunfishes, the bluebarred pygmy sunfish is a small, laterally compressed species with a rounded caudal fin and single broad dorsal fin containing both spines and rays. It does not does exceed 30 mm standard length (1¼ inches). It has a small, surface- directed mouth and the top of its head is not scaled. It sides are typically marked with 8-14 (usually 10-12) dark vertical bars that are about 3 times wider than the lighter spaces between each bar. Breeding males are brilliantly colored with blue-green fins and blue-green flecks of pigment scattered over their dark black bodies. Females are light brown in color, but may be sparsely marked with yellow, green, or blue flecks of pigment on their bodies and fins. A male is pictured in the top photograph; the photo at the bottom of the account includes males and a female. Similar Species: In Georgia, the range of the bluebarred pygmy sunfish overlaps with two similar-appearing species of pygmy sunfish. In contrast to the bluebarred pygmy sunfish, the banded pygmy sunfish (Elassoma zonatum) has a post-ocular stripe and 1-3 dark blotches on their sides just above the pectoral fin (these blotches are usually visible in life but are much more evident in preserved specimens). The head of the everglades pygmy sunfish (Elassoma evergladei) has embedded scales and its body is mottled rather than barred. -
Fish Species and for Eggs and Larvae of Larger Fish
BATIQUITOS LAGOON FOUNDATION F I S H Fishes of the Lagoon There were only a few species of fish in Batiquitos Lagoon (just five!) BATIQUITOS LAGOON FOUNDATION before it was opened to the ocean and tides at the end of 1996. High temperatures in the summer, low oxygen levels, and wide ranges of ANCHOVY salinity did not allow the ecosystem to flourish. Since the restoration of tidal action to the lagoon, the fish populations have significantly increased in numbers and diversity and more than sixty-five species have been found. Lagoons serve as breeding and nursery areas for a wide array of coastal fish, provide habitat and food for resident species TOPSMELT and serve as feeding areas for seasonal species. Different areas of the lagoon environment provide specific habitat needs. These include tidal creeks, sandy bottoms, emergent vegetation, submergent vegetation, nearshore shallows, open water, saline pools and brackish/freshwater areas. These habitats are defined by water YELLOWFIN GOBY characteristics including salinity, water temperature, water velocity and water depth. The lagoon bottom varies with the type of substrate such as rock, cobble, gravel, sand, clay, mud and silt. Tidal creeks and channels provide refuges for small fish species and for eggs and larvae of larger fish. Species in tidal creeks include ROUND STINGRAY gobies and topsmelt. Sandy bottoms provide important habitat for bottom-dwelling fish species such as rays, sharks and flatfish. The sandy areas provide important refuges for crustaceans, which are prey to many fish species within the lagoon. The burrows of ghost shrimp are utilized by the arrow goby. -
A New Species of Cretaceous Acanthomorph from Canada 15 February 2016, by Sarah Gibson
A new species of Cretaceous acanthomorph from Canada 15 February 2016, by Sarah Gibson to sit flush along the body, helping the fish swim faster by reducing drag, or they can be extended completely out to act as a defense mechanism, in case you are a predator looking for a quick bite. Near the base of the Acanthomorpha phylogenetic tree is a small group of fishes, Polymixiiformes, comprised of a single living genus, Polymixia, more commonly known as the beardfish. This innocuous fish seems harmless, but according to many ichthyologists, Polymixia is just one key to understanding acanthomorph relationships. Unraveling the evolutionary relationships is difficult with a single living genus, but thankfully, polymixiiforms have a fossil record dating back to the Cretaceous, containing an increasing number of taxa as new discoveries are being made, particularly in deposits in North America, where fewer acanthomorph fossils are known compared to Figuring out fish relationships is no small feat. Credit: the more-studied Eastern Tethys Ocean deposits in Near et al. 2013 Europe. For being one of the largest groups of vertebrates, and having one of the richer fossil records among organisms, the relationships of fishes are still hotly debated. Humongous datasets are being compiled that involve molecular (both nuclear and mitochondrial) data, compared and contrasted with thorough morphological analyses. (I'm not going to get into all of it here, simply because of its sheer complexity.) What I am going to get into, however, is the fossil record of one subset of fishes, the acanthomorphs. The stout beardfish, Polymixia nobilis. Credit: Wikipedia Acanthomorphs are teleost fishes that possess true fin spines: a set of prominent, sharp, unsegmented spines in the front portion of their dorsal and/or anal fins, followed by a portion of One such new species was recently described by pliable, segmented, "softer" looking rays.