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“A Display for the Whole of Greece”?: the Narrator’S Relationship with His Audience in Archestratus of Gela Autor(Es): Martin, Paul S

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“A Display for the Whole of Greece”?: the Narrator’S Relationship with His Audience in Archestratus of Gela Autor(Es): Martin, Paul S “A display for the whole of Greece”?: the narrator’s relationship with his audience in Archestratus of Gela Autor(es): Martin, Paul S. Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra; Annablume URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/39615 DOI: DOI:https://doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-1191-4_6 Accessed : 3-Oct-2021 23:43:12 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt Série Diaita Joaquim Pinheiro Scripta & Realia Carmen Soares ISSN: 2183-6523 611907 (coords.) Destina-se esta coleção a publicar textos resultantes da investigação de membros do projeto transnacional DIAITA: Património Alimentar da Lusofonia. As obras consistem 789892 em estudos aprofundados e, na maioria das vezes, de carácter interdisciplinar sobre 9 uma temática fundamental para o desenhar de um património e identidade culturais comuns à população falante da língua portuguesa: a história e as culturas da alimentação. A pesquisa incide numa análise científica das fontes, sejam elas escritas, materiais ou iconográficas. Daí denominar-se a série DIAITA de Scripta - numa alusão tanto à tradução, ao estudo e à publicação de fontes (quer inéditas quer indisponíveis em português, caso OBRA PUBLICADA dos textos clássicos, gregos e latinos, matriciais para o conhecimento do padrão alimentar COM A COORDENAÇÃO mediterrânico), como a monografias. O subtítulo Realia, por seu lado, cobre publicações Os estudos reunidos neste volume refletem, de uma forma geral, sobre a alimentação CIENTÍFICA elaboradas na sequência de estudos sobre as “materialidades” que permitem conhecer a enquanto elemento de extraordinário valor cultural e identitário. Com abordagens história e as culturas da alimentação no espaço lusófono. diversas ao património alimentar, seja numa perspetiva linguística, seja numa análise mais • literária ou cultural, com o devido enquadramento histórico, social e espacial, o conjunto dos trabalhos realça a importância desta temática, desde a Antiguidade Clássica até aos Joaquim Pinheiro é professor auxiliar da Universidade da Madeira (Faculdade de nossos dias. Na verdade, a alimentação e tudo o que com ela se relaciona conduzem-nos Artes e Humanidades) e investigador integrado do Centro de Estudos Clássicos e Humanísticos (Universidade de Coimbra). Tem desenvolvido investigação sobre a por uma viagem reveladora da forma de vida do homem e do seu relacionamento com a Aquém e Além-Mar natureza e com outros seres vivos. obra de Plutarco, a mitologia greco-latina, a retórica clássica e o pensamento político Os trinta e quatro contributos da obra estão reunidos nos seguintes capítulos: 1. Patrimónios Alimentares de Patrimónios na Antiguidade Clássica. É membro do Projeto DIAITA - Património Alimentar da Alimentação: património imaterial; 2. Alimentação e património literário; 3. Alimentação Lusofonia (apoiado pela FCT, Capes e Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian). Desde 2013, é e património linguístico; 4. Alimentação: saúde e bem-estar; 5. Alimentação: sociedade Alimentares coordenador do Centro de Desenvolvimento Académico da Universidade da Madeira. e cultura; 6. Alimentação e diálogo intercultural. Com este volume pretende-se também abrir perspetivas sobre novos domínios de pesquisa do património alimentar como fonte Carmen Soares é Professora Associada com agregação da Universidade de Coimbra de saber essencial para a atualidade. de Aquém e (Faculdade de Letras). Tem desenvolvido a sua investigação, ensino e publicações nas áreas das Culturas, Literaturas e Línguas Clássicas, da História da Grécia Antiga e da História da Alimentação. Na qualidade de tradutora do grego antigo para português é coautora da tradução dos livros V e VIII de Heródoto e autora da (Coords.) Além-Mar tradução do Ciclope de Eurípides, do Político de Platão e de Sobre o afecto aos Carmen Soares Joaquim Pinheiro Joaquim filhos de Plutarco. Tem ainda publicado fragmentos vários de textos gregos antigos de temática gastronómica (em particular Arquéstrato). É coordenadora executiva do curso de mestrado em “Alimentação – Fontes, Cultura e Sociedade” e diretora do doutoramento em Patrimónios Alimentares: Culturas e Identidades. Investigadora corresponsável do projeto DIAITA-Património Alimentar da Lusofonia (apoiado pela FCT, Capes e Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian). IMPRENSA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA COIMBRA UNIVERSITY PRESS Coimbra ANNABLUME “A DISPLAY FOR THE WHOLE OF GREECE”? THE NARRATOR’S RELATIONSHIP WITH HIS AUDIENCE IN ARCHESTRATUS OF GELA1 Paul S. Martin University of Exeter Department of Classics and Ancient History Abstract: This article examines the relationship between the narrator and the audience in Archestratus’ Hedypatheia, a relationship that provides us with a better understanding of the poem’s didactic and poetic pretensions. I demonstrate that this relationship is founded upon inequality: the narrator is consistently presented as omniscient, while the audience always occupy an inferior position, their very lives less important than the life of luxury which they are expected to pursue. This relation- ship operates at both a gastronomic and a poetic level. The relationship between the narrator and the addressees situates the poem within Greek poetic aesthetics, espousing a poetics of simplicity. At the same time, the humour and parodic tone of the poem emphasize the poet’s art, how he deals with his subject and the subjects he chooses to include or exclude. Far from being a straightforward catalogue of the best foods in the Greek world, the Hedypatheia invites us to negotiate our position through the humorously exaggerated assumption that the addressees of the poem are prepared to lay down their lives for a fish, as well as our reception of the poem itself. Keywords: Archestratus of Gela - food and literary heritage - poetic authority Archestratus’ Hedypatheia, a hexameter poem which describes luxurious dishes in epic language, has long been an important source for studies of Greek culinary culture during the fourth century BC.2 For each dish Archestratus discusses, he gives detailed instructions as to where to find the best examples (the best shrimp, for example, come from Iasos), as well as recipes (e.g. it is best to roast the underbelly of an aulopias on a spit). Archestratus’ expertise on gastronomic matters was frequently cited by Athenaeus, thanks to whose Deipnosophistae approximately 60 fragments of the poem survive, although the Hedypatheia’s penchant for fish, a luxury associated strongly with the morally dubious rich of the fourth century BC, aroused the criticism of the Stoics.3 Rather than examining the specific culinary advice of the poem, which 1 I would like to thank my supervisors, Prof. Matthew Wright and Dr. Karen Ní Mheallaigh, as well as the reviewer, Prof. John Wilkins, Claire Rachel Jackson, and several other colleagues from the University of Exeter for their helpful comments and discussion. All remaining gaffes are my own. 2 For the dating of the poem, see Olson and Sens 2000: xxi-ii and Dalby 1995. 3 The fragments and translation of Archestratus are those used by Olson and Sens 2000. All DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-1191-4_6 Paul S. Martin has been the subject of previous scholarly work, this article is interested in exploring the poem’s human relationships. These relationships operate on two levels: when the poem is performed, most likely during a symposium, there exists the interaction between the performer and the audience; within the poem, the narrator addresses two specific individuals, Moschus and Cleandrus, to whom the advice is addressed and who stand in for the external audience. Both of these relationships are premised upon the figure of the narrator, whose persona is adopted by the performer, whether or not this performer was Archestratus himself. The first section of this article, therefore, focuses on the persona loquens, the narrator, before turning to examine the relationship between the narrator and the poem’s internal narratees. Overall, I demonstrate that this relationship is founded upon inequality: the narrator is consistently presented as omniscient, while the audience always occupy an inferior position, their very lives less important than the life of luxury which they are expected to pursue. Before we can turn to examine the relationship between the narrator and the audience, we must appreciate the context in which Archestratus’ poem was produced, particularly its generic affiliation and performance context. Additionally, it is worth briefly considering Archestratus’
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