DRAFT Rwamagana, Rwanda Conceptual Master Plan
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DRAFT Rwamagana, Rwanda Conceptual Master Plan Prepared for the Rwanda Ministry of Infrastructure By the Master Plan Team: OZ Architecture EDAW Tetra Tech ERA Engineers without Borders-USA MAY 2007 0.0 INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS EXHIBITS PREFACE BACKGROUND RWAMAGANA LONG RANGE VISION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 RWAMAGANA CONCEPTUAL MASTER PLAN PROCESS 1 1.1 What is a Conceptual Master Plan? 1 1.2 Use of the Rwamagana Conceptual Master Plan for Implementation and Revision 2 1.3 Participatory Planning Process 1.3.1 Meetings with Rwamagana City, District, and Sector officials 5 1.3.2 Summary of Participation Concerns and Issues 6 1.4 Goals and Objectives of the Rwamagana Conceptual Master Plan 9 1.4.1. Goals and Objectives 10 2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS/OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS 13 2.1 Regional Context 13 2.2 Historic Growth and Existing Land Development 17 2.2.1 Rwamagana History 17 2.2.2 Current Rwamagana Land Development 2.3 Land Reform and Natural Features 18 2.3.1 Topography 22 2.3.2 Geology and Soils 22 2.3.3 Forests 30 2.3.4 Hydrology 31 2.3.5 Watersheds 34 2.4 Social and Economic Development 36 2.4.1 Demographic Analysis 36 2.4.2 Economic Development Conditions 43 2.4.3 Social Development 51 2.4.4 Socio Economic Opportunities and Constraints 57 2.5 Social Services 59 2.5.1 Educational Facilities 59 2.5.2 Healthcare Facilities 67 2.6 Agriculture 71 2.6.1 Agricultural Productivity in Rwanda 72 2.6.2 Opportunities and Constraints: Agricultural Productivity in Rwamagana 73 ii 2.6.3 Integrating Master Planning in Rwamagana with the Strategic Plan for Agriculture in Rwanda 91 2.7 Infrastructure 94 2.7.1 Transportation 94 2.7.2 Water Supply and Potable Water 97 2.7.3 Energy 104 2.7.4 Waste Management 108 2.7.5 Wastewater 114 2.7.6 Telecommunications 118 2.8 Planning Administrative and Institutional Framework 121 2.8.1 Administrative Structure 121 2.8.2 Administrative Subdivisions 121 2.8.3 District Level Plans 124 3.0 SUSTAINABLE SCENARIOS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 126 3.1 Guiding Principles of Design 126 3.2 Regional and District Development Strategies 128 3.2.1 Development Typologies 128 3.3 Sustainable Scenarios/Recommendations: Infrastructure 135 3.3.1 Transportation Sustainable Scenarios 135 3.3.2 Water Supply and Potable Water Sustainable Scenarios 138 3.3.3 Energy Sustainable Scenarios 141 3.3.4 Solid Waste Sustainable Scenarios 145 3.3.5 Waste Water Sustainable Scenarios 148 3.3.6 Telecom Sustainable Scenarios 151 3.3.7 Urban Development and Land Use 152 3.3.8 Social Services 154 3.3.9 Economic Development 154 3.3.10 Sustainable Scenarios for Rwamagana Agriculture 155 4.0 RWAMAGANA TOWN PLAN 157 4.1 Existing Conditions 157 4.1.1 Existing Conditions 157 4.1.2 Opportunities and Constraints 172 4.2 The Rwamagana Town/City Master Plan 177 5.0 RUBONA DISTRICT INNOVATION CENTER 191 5.1 Innovation Center Concept 194 5.2 Existing Conditions/ Opportunities and Constraints 194 5.2.1 Existing Conditions 194 5.2.2 Opportunities and Constraints 196 5.3 Rubona Innovation Center Program and Master Plan 198 5.3.1 Program 198 5.3.2 Rubona Innovation Center Master Plan 198 iii 5.4 Recommendations and Implementation 203 5.4.1. Marketing and Production Innovation Center 203 5.4.2. Dairy and Livestock Product Marketing 204 5.4.3. Pisciculture Innovation Center 205 6.0 RWAMAGANA LAKES PLANS 207 6.1 Existing Conditions/Opportunities and Constraints 207 6.1.2 Guiding Principles 208 6.1.3 Lake Muhazi Resort Master Plans 209 6.1.4 Lake Mugesera Eco-lodge Resort 223 6.1.5 Lake Area Development Implementation Recommendations and Strategies 228 7.0 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 230 7.1 Comprehensive Master Planning and District Planning 230 7.2 Management and Institutional Capacity 230 7.3 Environment and Natural Resource Regulations 231 7.4 Urban Finance and Economy 233 7.5 Land Tenure Formalization 234 7.6 Infrastructure 235 7.7 Transportation networks 239 8.0 APPENDICES 9.0 REFERENCES iv EXHIBITS MAPS and EXHIBITS 1.0 RWAMAGANA CONCEPTUAL MASTER PLAN PROCESS Exhibit: Planning Process Outline 2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS/OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS Map: National Basemap Map: Eastern Province Basemap Map: Rwamagana District Land Cover Map Map: Rwamagana District Constraints Map Map: Rwamagana District Population Map Map: Rwamagana District Density Map Map: Rwamagana Primary School Map Map: Rwamagana Secondary School Map Map: Rwamagana Health Center Map Map: Rwamagana Actual Agricultural Suitability Aggregate Map Map: Rwamagana Actual Agricultural Suitability Composite Map Map: Rwamagana Potential Agricultural Suitability Aggregate Map Exhibit: Rwamagana Potential Agricultural Suitability Composite Map Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Soy Production Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Sorghum Production Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Bean Production Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Ground Nut Production Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Maize Production Exhibit: Rwamagana Suitability for Cassava Production 3.0 SUSTAINABLE SCENARIOS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Map: Rwamagana District Land Use Map Map: Rwamagana District Key Map Exhibit: Rwamagana District Development Typologies Map: Regional Context Map 4.0 RWAMAGANA TOWN PLAN Map: Town of Rwamagana Constraints Map Exhibit: Rwamagana Town Improvements Exhibit: Rwamagana Town Existing Land Use Typology Exhibit: Rwamagana Town Proposed Road Sections Exhibit: Rwamagana Existing Exhibit: Rwamagana Northwest Quadrant Existing Conditions Exhibit: Rwamagana Northeast Quadrant Existing Conditions Exhibit: Rwamagana Southeast Quadrant Existing Conditions Exhibit: Rwamagana Southwest Quadrant Existing Conditions Exhibit: Rwamagana Existing Conditions Photos (5) Exhibit: Rwamagana Existing Land Use Exhibit: Rwamagana Proposed Land Use v Exhibit: Rwamagana Regional Transit Exhibit: Rwamagana Conceptual Future Downtown Exhibit: Rwamagana Conceptual Future Downtown Birdseye Exhibit: Rwamagana Conceptual Right-of-Way Exhibit: Rwamagana Street Cross Sections Exhibit: Rwamagana Cluster Residential 5.0 RUBONA DISTRICT INNOVATION CENTER Map: Rubona Existing Conditions Map Exhibit: Rubona Innovation Center Exhibit: Rubona Innovation Center 6.0 RWAMAGANA LAKES PLANS Map: Lake Mugesera Constraints Map Map: Lake Muhazi Constraints Map Map: Lake Muhazi Conceptual Master Plan Exhibit: Ngoma Local Development Plan Exhibit: Muhazi Local Development Plan Exhibit: Kayonza Local Development Plan Exhibit: Gatsibo Local Development Plan Exhibit: Kigali Drive Time ? vi TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2.3.2.1 Seismic Risk Factors Table 2.3.2.2 Summary of Geotechnical Zones Figure Eastern Province Population Table 2.3.3.1 Forest Ownership in Rwamagana District Table 2.3.4.1 Characteristics of Lakes in Rwamagana Figure 2.4.1.1 Eastern Province Population Table 2.4.1.2 Rwamagana District Population Projections Figure 2.4.1.2 Rwamagana Population Table 2.4.1.3 Assumptions for Population Projections Table 2.4.2.1 Poverty Headcounts for Rwanda Disaggregated by Location Table 2.4.2.2 Consumption Growth Rates an Inequality 2000/01 to 2005/06 Table 2.4.2.3 Food Security Livelihood Profiles Figure 2.4.2.1 Geographical Distribution of Livelihoods in Rwanda Table 2.4.2.4 Geographic Distribution of Population by Quintile Group Table Eastern Province Households by Type of Housing and District Table 2.4.2.6 Eastern Province Households by Housing Construction Material Table 2.4.2.6 Easter Province Households by Title/Type of Housing Table 2.4.3.1 Summary of Vulnerable Groups in Rwamagana District Table 2.4.3.2 Household by Gender of Head in Eastern Province by District Table 2.43.3 Easter Province Orphans by District Table 2.4.3.4 Eastern Province Children Headed Households by District Table 2.4.3.5 Rwamagana and Eastern Province Handicapped Table 2.4.3. 6 Eastern Province Population Over 60 Years Old by District and Sex Table 2.4.3.7 Population over 60 in Rwamagana District by Sex and Sector Figure 2.5.1 Education for Technology Access for Rural Rwanda Table 2.5.1.1 Children in Nursery School Rwamagana District Table 2.5.1.2 Existing Primary Schools Rwamagana District Table 2.5.1.3 Current Rwamgana District Primary School Needs by Sector Table 2.5.1.3 Existing Secondary Schools in Rwamagana District by Sector Table 2.5.1.4 Rwamagana District Secondary School Needs and Locations Table 2.5.1.5 Existing and Projected School Enrollment, Rwamagana District Table 2.5.1.6 Rwamagana District Literacy Rates Figure 2.6.2.1 Households with Access to Animals Table 2.6.2.1 Livestock Distribution in Rwanda Figure 2.6.2.2 Projected Cattle Population Table 2.6.2.2 Growth Trends for Animal Production Table 2.6.2.3 Farmer’s Choice for New Commodity Chains Table 2.7.1.1 Condition of Road Network and Bridges in Rwamagana Table 2.7.1.2 Taxis Serving Rwamagana Table 2.7.2.1 Eastern Province Households by Principal Source of Water and Districts Table 2.7.2.2 Criteria Pollutant Concentrations for Raw and Treated Water and Grishari WTP Table 2.7.2.3 Criteria Pollutant Concentrations for Raw and Treated Water at Karenge WTP Table 2.7.2.4 Category of Groundwater Development Potential Table 2.7.2.5 Distribution Criteria for Rural Water Suppy Table 2.7.2.6 Number of Public Tap in Each District Table. 2.7.3.1 Easter Province Households by Principal Source of Electrical Energy and District Table 2.7.4.1 Eastern Province Households by Method of Household Waste Disposal Figure 2.7.4.1 Approximate Reduction in Solid Waste due to Recycling Table 2.7.5.1 Eastern Province Households by Type of Toliet Table 2.7.5.2 Eastern Province Households by Type of Telephone Table 2.8.1.1 Administrative Subdivision of Rwamagana District vii Table 2.8.2.2 Old Districts and Sectors, District of Rwamagana Table 2.8.2.3 Rwamagana District Staffing 2005 Table 2.8.3.1 Funds Allocated for Rwamagana District in 2006 Table 3.2.1.1.