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FEMA 302 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations

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FEMA 302 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations Program on Improved Seismic Safety Provisions Of the National Institute of Building Sciences 1997 Edition NEHRP RECOMMENDED PROVISIONS FOR SEISMIC REGULATIONS FOR NEW BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES Part 1: Provisions (FEMA 302) The Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) was established in 1979 under the auspices of the National Institute of Building Sciences as an entirely new type of instrument for dealing with the complex regulatory, technical, social, and economic issues involved in developing and promulgating building earthquake hazard mitigation regulatory provisions that are national in scope. By bringing together in the BSSC all of the needed expertise and all relevant public and pri- vate interests, it was believed that issues related to the seismic safety of the built environment could be resolved and jur- isdictional problems overcome through authoritative guidance and assistance backed by a broad consensus. The BSSC is an independent, voluntary membership body representing a wide variety of building community interests. Its fundamental purpose is to enhance public safety by providing a national forum that fosters improved seismic safety provisions for use by the building community in the planning, design, construction, regulation, and utilization of build- ings. To fulfill its purpose, the BSSC: (1) promotes the development of seismic safety provisions suitable for use throughout the United States; (2) recommends, encourages, and promotes the adoption of appropriate seismic safety provisions in voluntary standards and model codes; (3) assesses progress in the implementation of such provisions by federal, state, and local regulatory and construction agencies; (4) identifies opportunities for improving seismic safety regulations and practices and encourages public and private organizations to effect such improvements; (5) promotes the development of training and educational courses and materials for use by design professionals, builders, building regulatory officials, elected officials, industry representatives, other members of the building community, and the public; (6) advises govern- ment bodies on their programs of research, development, and implementation; and (7) periodically reviews and eval- uates research findings, practices, and experience and makes recommendations for incorporation into seismic design practices. See Appendix E of the Commentary volume for a full description of BSSC activities. BOARD OF DIRECTION: 1997 Chairman Eugene Zeller, City of Long Beach, California Vice Chairman William W. Stewart, Stewart-Scholberg Architects, Clayton, Missouri (representing the American Institute of Architects) Secretary Mark B. Hogan, National Concrete Masonry Association, Herndon, Virginia Ex-Officio James E. Beavers, James E. Beavers Consultants, Oak Ridge, Tennessee Members Eugene Cole, Carmichael, California (representing the Structural Engineers Association of California); S. K. Ghosh, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois; Nestor Iwankiw, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Illinois; Gerald H. Jones, Kansas City, Missouri (representing the National Institute of Building Sciences); Joseph Nicoletti, URS/John A. Blume and Associates, San Francisco, California (representing the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute); Jack Prosek, Turner Construction Company, San Francisco, California (representing the Associated General Contractors of America); W. Lee Shoemaker, Metal Building Manufacturers Association, Cleveland, Ohio; John C. Theiss, Theiss Engineers, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri (representing the American Society of Civil Engineers); Charles Thornton, Thornton-Tomasetti En- gineers, New York, New York (representing the Applied Technology Council); David P. Tyree, American Forest and Paper Association, Colorado Springs, Colorado; David Wismer, Department of Licenses and Inspections, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (representing the Building Officials and Code Administrators International); Richard Wright, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland (representing the Interagency Committee for Seismic Safety in Construction) BSSC Staff James R. Smith, Executive Director; Claret M. Heider, Technical Writer-Editor/Program Manager; Thomas Hollenbach, Deputy Executive; Lee Lawrence Anderson, Director, Special Projects; Mary Marshall, Administrative Assistant; Patricia Blasi, Administrative Assistant BSSC Program on Improved Seismic Safety Provisions NEHRP RECOMMENDED PROVISIONS (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) FOR SEISMIC REGULATIONS FOR NEW BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES 1997 EDITION Part 1: PROVISIONS (FEMA 302) Prepared by the Building Seismic Safety Council for the Federal Emergency Management Agency BUILDING SEISMIC SAFETY COUNCIL Washington, D.C. 1997 NOTICE: Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Additionally, neither FEMA nor any of its employees make any warranty, expressed or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product, or process included in this publication. This report was prepared under Contract EMW-C-4536 between the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the National Institute of Building Sciences. Building Seismic Safety Council activities and products are described at the end of this report. For further information, contact the Building Seismic Safety Council, 1090 Vermont, Avenue, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, D.C. 20005; phone 202-289-7800; fax 202-289-1092; e-mail [email protected]. Copies of this report may be obtained by contacting the FEMA Publication Distribution Facility at 1-800-480-2520. ii PREFACE One of the primary goals of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is to encourage design and building practices that address the earthquake hazard and minimize the resulting damage. Publication of the 1997 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulation of New Buildings and Other Structures represents a significant milestone in the continuing FEMA-sponsored effort to improve the seismic safety of new structures in this country. Its publication marks the fourth in a planned updating of both the Provisions documents and several complementary publications. As in the case of the earlier editions of the Provisions (1985, 1988, 1991, and 1994), FEMA is proud to have been a participant in the Building Seismic Safety Council project and encourages widespread dissemination and voluntary use of this consensus resource document. The 1997 Provisions contains several major changes that have truly made this a milestone document. Probably the most significant change is the adoption of new spectral response seismic design maps reflecting seismic hazard maps recently completed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The new maps and accompanying design procedure were developed by the BSSC Seismic Design Procedures Group in conjunction with Technical Subcommittee 2 of the Provisions Update Committee, and FEMA is grateful for the hard work of all involved. A second significant change is the improvement of design procedures for high-seismic, near-source areas, and FEMA wishes to thank those members of the Structural Engineers Association of California who devoted considerable time and energy to this aspect of the update process. Another change worth noting is that the steel structure design chapter now references a new consensus standard which ad- dresses the problems highlighted by the Northridge earthquake and reflects work done in a FEMA-funded project to resolve the welded steel moment resisting frame problem. The above changes are but three of over 150 changes that were balloted by the BSSC member organizations. The number of changes considered was three times that involved in any of the earlier update efforts and is testament to the increased attention being paid to the Provisions. This is due in large part to the decision to use the 1997 Provisions as the basis for the seismic requirements in the new International Building Code. FEMA welcomes this increased scrutiny and the chance to work with the International Code Council. Looking ahead, FEMA has already contracted with BSSC for and work already has begin on the update process that will lead to the 2000 Provisions. In addition to the normal update procedure, this project is designed to continue the Provisions/International Building Code cooperative effort and to permit development of a simplified design procedure for use in areas of lower seismicity. In conclusion, FEMA wishes to express its sincere gratitude for the unstinting efforts of a large number of volunteer experts and the BSSC Board of Directors and staff who made possible the 1997 Provisions documents. Americans unfortunate enough to experience the earthquakes that will inevitably occur in this country in the future will owe much, perhaps even their very lives, to the contributions of these individuals to the seismic safety of buildings. Without the dedication iii and hard work of these men and women, this document and all it represents with respect to earthquake risk mitigation would not have been possible. Federal Emergency Management Agency iv INTRODUCTION and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The 1997 Edition of the NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures is the fifth edition of the document and, like the 1985, 1988,
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