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PENGARUH SKARIFIKASI PADA RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KALIANDRA MERAH (Caliandra Calothyrsus Meissn.)

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PENGARUH SKARIFIKASI PADA RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KALIANDRA MERAH (Caliandra Calothyrsus Meissn.) 45 PENGARUH SKARIFIKASI PADA RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KALIANDRA MERAH (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) SKRIPSI CHRISTINA PUTRIANI SIAHAAN 161201088 DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara 45 PENGARUH SKARIFIKASI PADA RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KALIANDRA MERAH (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) SKRIPSI Oleh: CHRISTINA PUTRIANI SIAHAAN 161201088 Skripsi sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana di Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Sumatera Utara DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara 45 PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI Judul Penelitian : Pengaruh Skarifikasi pada Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kaliandra Merah (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) Nama : Christina Putriani Siahaan NIM : 161201088 Departemen : Budidaya Hutan Fakultas : Kehutanan Disetujui oleh, Komisi Pembimbing Dr. Kansih Sri Hartini, S.Hut., M.P. Ketua Tanggal Lulus: 14 Agustus 2020 i Universitas Sumatera Utara 45 PERNYATAAN ORIGINALITAS Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Christina Putriani Siahaan NIM : 161201088 Judul Skripsi : Pengaruh Skarifikasi pada Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kaliandra Merah (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini adalah hasil karya sendiri. Pengutipan-pengutipan yang penulis lakukan pada bagian-bagian tertentu dari hasil karya orang lain dalam penulisan skripsi ini, telah penulis cantumkan sumbernya secara jelas sesuai dengan norma, kaidah, dan etika penulisan ilmiah. Medan, Agustus 2020 Christina Putriani Siahaan NIM. 161201088 ii Universitas Sumatera Utara 1 ABSTRAK CHRISTINA PUTRIANI SIAHAAN. Pengaruh Skarifikasi pada Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kaliandra Merah (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.). Dibimbing oleh KANSIH SRI HARTINI. Caliandra calothyrsus merupakan jenis tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kayu bakar, tanaman pelindung, reklamasi dan konservasi tanah, pupuk hijau, dan sebagai hijauan pakan ternak berkualitas tinggi. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam teknik budidaya tanaman C. calothyrsus secara generatif yaitu lamanya proses perkecambahan benih karena benih memiliki tempurung keras. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi morfologi benih C. calothyrsus dan jumlah benih perkilogram, untuk menguji respon perkecambahan benih C. calothyrsus terhadap skarifikasi perendaman benih dengan ZPT pada berbagai waktu perendaman, serta untuk mendapatkan teknik skarifikasi yang paling optimal bagi pertumbuhan benih C. calothyrsus. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu bahan perendaman terdiri dari air (P1), larutan MSG (P2), air kelapa muda (P3), dan lama waktu perendaman terdiri dari perendaman selama 8 jam (T1), 12 jam (T2), dan 16 jam (T3) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan benih C. calothyrsus memiliki bentuk bulat pipih, berwarna coklat kehitaman, permukaan benih halus atau licin, memiliki diameter 2,5 mm sampai 2,8 mm, panjang benih 0,6 cm sampai 1 cm, serta berat benih 0,0348 gram sampai 0,0766 gram. Jumlah benih satu kilogram adalah sebanyak 18.471 butir. Perlakuan yang memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap perkecambahan benih C. calothyrsus adalah perendaman benih dengan air selama 8 jam dan perendaman dengan air kelapa muda selama 16 jam dengan daya berkecambah sebesar 73,33% dan 91,67 %, serta nilai perkecambahan sebesar 5,716 dan 7,596. Kata Kunci: kaliandra merah, kekokohan semai, perkecambahan, skarifikasi iii Universitas Sumatera Utara 2 ABSTRACT CHRISTINA PUTRIANI SIAHAAN. The Effect of Scarification on Seed Germination Response of Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn. Supervised by KANSIH SRI HARTINI. Caliandra calothyrsus is a type of plant that can be used as firewood, protective plants, land reclamation and conservation, green manure, and as a forage for high quality animal feed. The problem that faced in the generative cultivation technique of C. calothyrsus is the length of seed germination process because the seeds have hard shell. The purpose of this research is to obtain the morphological data and information of C. calothyrsus seed and the number of seed in one kilogram, to test the response of C. calothyrsus seed germination to scarification of seed immersion with ZPT in various time of immersion, and to obtain the best scrarification techniques for C. calothyrsus seed growth. The design used is a complete factorial randomized design with 2 treatment factors, immersion consist of water (P1), MSG solution (P2), young coconut water (P3), and soaking time for 8 hours (T1), 12 hours (T2), and 16 hours (T3) with 3 replications. Based on observation it is known that C. calothyrsus seeds have flat round shape, blackish brown, smooth or slipppery seed surface, with diameter of 2,5 mm to 2,8 mm, seed length of 0,6 cm to 1 cm, and seed weight of 0,0348 grams to 0,0766 grams. The number of seed in one kilogram is 18.471 seeds. The treatment that give the best result for C. calothyrsus seed germination is soaking seed with water for 8 hours and soaking with young coconut water for 16 hours with the germination of 73,33 % and 91,67 % and germination values of 5,716 and 7,596. Keywords: germination, red kaliandra, scarification, seedling quality iv Universitas Sumatera Utara 3 RIWAYAT HIDUP Penulis dilahirkan di Kota Dumai, Provinsi Riau pada 23 April 1998. Penulis merupakan anak tunggal dari pasangan Alm. Tagor Siahaan dan Asimah Silalahi. Penulis memulai pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar (SD) Santo Tarcisius, Kota Dumai pada tahun 2004-2010, pendidikan tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama di SMP Santo Tarcisius Dumai pada tahun 2010-2013, dan pendidikan tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas di SMA Santo Tarcisius Dumai pada tahun 2013- 2016. Pada tahun 2016, penulis lulus di Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) melalui jalur SBMPTN. Penulis memilih minat Departemen Budidaya Hutan. Semasa kuliah penulis merupakan penerima beasiswa Tanoto Foundation, anggota organisasi Himas USU, dan anggota paduan suara Transeamus Fakultas Pertanian USU. Penulis telah mengikuti Praktik Pengenalan Ekosistem Hutan (P2EH) di Mangrove Lubuk Kertang, Kecamatan Brandan Barat, Kabupaten Langkat pada tahun 2018. Pada tahun 2019 penulis juga telah menyelesaikan Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di Perum Perhutani Divisi Regional Jawa Timur KPH Banyuwangi Barat. Pada tahun 2019 penulis melaksanakan penelitian dengan judul “Pengaruh Skarifikasi pada Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kaliandra Merah (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.)” di bawah bimbingan Dr. Kansih Sri Hartini, S.Hut., M.P. v Universitas Sumatera Utara 4 KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji dan syukur ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas penyertaan dan perkenananNya kepada penulis, sehingga penyusunan skripsi ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Adapun judul dari skripsi ini adalah “Pengaruh Skarifikasi pada Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kaliandra Merah (Caliandra calothyrsus Meissn.)”. Skripsi ini merupakan salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan gelar Sarjana Kehutanan di Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Keberhasilan penyelesaian skripsi ini tentunya tidak lepas dari dukungan serta bantuan dari berbagai pihak, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan terimakasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada pihak-pihak yang telah membantu penyelesaian skripsi ini, antara lain : 1. Kedua pahlawan yang penulis banggakan dan cintai, Alm. Tagor Siahaan dan Asimah Silalahi, selaku orangtua yang telah mendidik, memotivasi, dan banyak berkorban, serta senantiasa berdoa dan berjuang demi kehidupan penulis yang lebih baik. 2. Ibu Dr. Kansih Sri Hartini, S.Hut., M.P. selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah banyak mengarahkan, membimbing, dan memberikan pelajaran kepada penulis dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 3. Bapak Yunus Afifudin, S. Hut, M. Si, Bapak Dr. Apri Heri Iswanto, S. Hut, M. Si, dan Bapak Dr. Ir. OK Hasnanda Syahputra, MP IPM selaku dewan penguji penulis. 4. Ibu Siti Latifah, S. Hut., M. Si., Ph.D. selaku Dekan Fakultas Kehutanan, serta seluruh dosen dan staf yang ada di Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Sumatera Utara. 5. Tanoto Foundation yang telah banyak mendukung penulis selama kegiatan perkuliahan, memberikan bantuan untuk biaya perkuliahan, serta memberikan pengalaman baru bagi penulis dalam setiap project yang penulis ikuti. 6. Teman-teman yang membantu penulis dalam melaksanakan penelitian ini Nuraini Difana Akbar dan Gabriel Sibarani. 7. Teman-teman Budidaya Hutan 2016, HUT C 2016, Kehutanan 2016, dan teman-teman kai kin yang selalu memberi dukungan semangat kepada penulis selama menempuh pendidikan di bangku perkuliahan. Penulis juga ingin menyapa setiap nama yang tidak dapat penulis cantumkan satu per satu, terimakasih atas doa dan dukungan yang senantiasa mengalir tanpa sepengetahuan penulis. Penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini memberikan manfaat kepada berbagai pihak dan menyumbangkan kemajuan bagi ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya di bidang kehutanan. Akhir kata penulis mengucapkan terima kasih. Medan, Agustus 2020 Christina Putriani Siahaan vi Universitas Sumatera Utara 5 DAFTAR ISI Halaman LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ....................................................................... i PERNYATAAN ORIGINALITAS ........................................................... ii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................. iii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
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