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j963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- HOUSE 23729 ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY, AT ideals and principles which Thou hast or­ and affection by the people. I can think NOON dained. of no one more deserving. Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, if Deliver us from selfishness and self­ Governor Lehman was a compassion­ there is no fw-ther business to come be­ seeking and may we daily bear testimony ate and humane Governor. The 10 years fore the Senate at this time, I move, pur­ by doing good unto all the members of of his administrations are unexcelled in suant to the order previously entered, the human family that we are seeking the annals of New York State. that the Senate adjourn until 12 o'clock to bring unto mankind the spirit of Senator Lehman will be remembered noon, on Monday. brotherhood. as the voice of liberalism in the Senate The motion was agreed to; and (at Show us how we may enlarge the areas during the hysteria of the 1950's. A cou­ 5 o'clock p.m.) the Senate adjourned, of fellowship and cooperation among the rageous fighter for civil rights, civil lib­ under the order previously entered, until nations of the earth, with none seeking erties, and a fair and just immigration Monday, December 9, 1963, at 12 o'clock its own advantage and welfare. policy, he was rightly known as the con­ meridian. Hear us in the name of our blessed science of the Senate. Lord, who came to show us the way to His retirement from the Senate in the more abundant life. Amen. 1956 did not mean rest from political CONFIRMATIONS combat. Rather his deep concern for the welfare of New York motivated him Executive nominations confirmed by THE JOURNAL at the age of 80 to lead another cause, the Senate December 6 (legislative day The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ the cause of political decency and reform of December 5) , 1963: terday was read and approved. within the Democratic Party. He fought ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION fiercely against the boss system, inspir­ William Jack Howard, of California, to be ing thousands of amateurs to become Chairman of the Military Liaison Commit­ MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE active in grassroots politics. tee to the Atop1ic Energy Commission. A message from the Senate by ·Mr. Mr. Speaker, I was privileged to work u.s. ARMY McGown, one of its clerks, announced closely with Governor Lehman during The following-named officer, under the that the Senate had passed a bill and the past 5 years in our fight for political provisions of title 10, United States Code, joint resolutions of the following titles, reform. I knew.him as a man of deep section 3066, to be assigned to a position of conviction-an idealist and humanitar­ importance and responsibility designated by in which the concurrence of the House is requested: ian who believed in the essential worth the President under subsection (a) of sec­ and dignity of every individual. tion 3066, in grade as indicated: S. 927. An act to amend title 12 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, in order to re­ To know him was to love· him. I will To be lieutenant general always cherish the memory of the hours Maj. Gen. Alva Revista Fitch, 018113, U.S. move certain limitations with respect to war Army. risk insurance issued under the provisions I spent with him, talking with him in The following-named officer to be placed of such title; his study about issues close to his heart on the retired list in grade indicated under S.J. Res. 113. Joint resolution to author­ or campaigning with him on the street the provisions of' title 10, United States ize the President to issue annually a procla­ corners of New York. Code, section 3962: mation designating the first week in March of each year as "Save Your Vision Week"; Only last weekend he described to me To be general and his deep feeling of sorrow at the tragic Gen. James Francis Collins 016819, Army S.J. Res. 128. Joint resolution providing loss of President Kennedy. As usual, he of the United States (major general, U.S. for the· establishment of an annual National was looking forward, concerned about Army). Farmers Week. his country but confiden'; in the ultimate The following-named officer under the pro­ triumph of reason and tolerance. visions of title 10, United States Code, sec­ tion 3066, to be assigned to a position of Governor Lehman will serve always as importance and responsibility designated by THE LATE SENATOR HERBERT H. a guiding spirit in the everlasting fight the President under subsection (a) of sec­ LEHMAN against bigotry and tyranny. tion 3066, in grade as indicated: Mr. RYAN of New York. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Speaker, throughout his career Lt. Gen. Hugh Pate Harris 018518, Army I ask ·unanimous consent to address the Governor Lehman relied completely of the United States (major general, U.S. House for 1 minute, to revise and extend upon his beloved and devoted wife, A,rmy). ~ Edith. She was his constant inspira­ U.S. Am FORCE my remarks, and to include pertinent editorials. tion. In this hour of her grief, I extend The following-named officers to be as­ my deepest sympathy to Mrs. Lehman signed to positions of importance and re­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection sponsibility designated by the President, in to the ·request of the gentleman from and their children. the grade indicated, under the provisions New York? Mr. Speaker, I include at this point of section 8066, title 10, of the United States There was no objection. in the RECORD sevj:!ral editorials about Code: Mr.RYANofNewYork. Mr.Speaker, Herbert H. Lehman. To be lieutenant generals I rise with profound sorrow and great The New York Times editorial of De­ Maj. Gen. Cecil M. Childre 1551A, Regular grief to inform the House of the death cember 6: Air Force. HERBERT H. LEHMAN Maj. Gen. Benjamin J. Webster 974A, Reg­ yesterday at the age of 85 of Herbert ular Air Force. H. Lehman, a great American. A second riband of mourning now hangs Today at this how- President Johnson on the American fiag. For the death of •• .... •• was to present to him the Presidential Herbert H. Lehman closes the active career of an indomitable national and international Freedom Medal awarded to him by servant. As Governor of New York, U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President Kennedy. The citation ac­ Senator, and Director General of the United companying that medal reads: Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Admini­ FRIDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1963 Citizen and statesman, he has used wisdom tration, his life and activities soared in ex­ and compassion as the tools of the Govern­ ample and significance far beyond the bor­ The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ment and has made politics the highest form ders of this, his native city. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Bi'askamp, of public service. He lived a private and public life that D.D., offered the following prayer: moved in a straight and true line. In the Governor Lehman had one of the most richest sense of the words, he was a liberal Galatians 6: 10: As we have therefore remarkable and distinguished records of and humanitarian. Against the enemies of opportunity, let us do good unto all men. public service in the history of our coun­ the Republic, he saw service in the U.S. 0 Thou spirit of the living God, grant try, including a political career spanning Army in the First World War and resigned that a longing for obedience to Thy di­ the period from Alfred E. Smith to John from the Governorship in the Second World vine will may be woven into the very tex­ • War to direct foreign relief operations for F. Kennedy. Time and again the voters the State Department. Wherever human ture and fabric of our human . of New York elected him to high o:ffice­ distress existed, all over the globe, there May we guard ourselves against the twice as Lieutenant Governor, four times could be found Herbert Lehman, saving lives temptations and dangers which threaten as Governor, and twice as U.S. Senator: as a representative of the best instincts of to undermine our loyalty to those moral Few men have been held in such esteem the United States and the United Nations. 23730 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE December 6 Reform, sound administration and courage ciency, he inspired trust and devotion. And of an article which appeared recently in marked his political career. He entered he gave of himself in many ways to the very the Washington Post: politics at the side of Alfred E. Smith and end of his admirable life. This is an ex­ Franklin Delano Roosevelt, serving one as ample to cherish. LEHMAN'S RECORD FOR PUBLIC SERVICE campaign chairman and the other as Lieu­ UNRIVALED tenant Governor. As Governor for 10 years The Washington Post editorial of De­ NEw YoRK, December 5.-Herbert Lehman, from 1932 until America's entry into the cember 6: 85, who died here today, was the only man war, he brought the State distinction and HERBERT H. LEHMAN in the past century to bold all the highest honor during difficult years for the people There was so much simple goodness, gen­ elective posts in New York State. and Nation. All thts time he was a stalwart erosity, and grace in Herbert Lehman that Few can match the Lehman record for New Deal Democrat, closely affiliated with one rarely thought of him as suited to the public service--4 years as Lieutenant Gov­ the programs of President Roosevelt. - tough realities of American political life. He ernor, 10 years as Governor, 7 years as U.S. The refinements of the Fair Deal nation­ neither looked nor talked like a politician. Senator, and the first Director General of the ally saw him in the service of New York as Nevertheless the roster of public offices which United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation U.S. Senator, often ar a. quiet but not small he won, and filled with nobility and effective­ Administration. voice speaking for legislation favoring all ness, testified to a powerful political appeal He came from a background of great Americans. In Washington, he became the rooted in the extraordinary qualities of con­ wealth, but Mr. Lehman was one of the conscience of the Senate. When others viction and courage which he brought into great liberal voices of the Democratic Party quavered before the onslaught of McCarthy­ public life. for a generation. ism, it was Herbert Lehman who offered the Entering politics at 50, after a notable In the state he carried on the social re­ resolution for the removal of the Wisconsin career in business and banking, Herbert Leh­ form programs of former Govs. Alfred E. demagog from his committee chairman­ man teamed with Franklin D. Roosevelt to Smith and Franklin D. Roosevelt. In the ships. On matters close to his heart--im­ become Lieutenant Governor of New York, Senate in Washington he was a strong advo­ migration to continue the American dream then Governor for four terms when F.D.R. cate of international cooperation with and civil rights to uphold the American went to the White House, and finally U.S. friendly countr1es and was one of the early Constitution-he battled relentlessly against Senator. In between, he served as director opponents of Senator Joseph R. McCarthy, the troops of evil. of the wartime Office of Foreign Relief and Republican, of Wisconsin .. Together with Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, Rehabilitation and as Director General of the It was not until 1928, when he was 50 Herbert Lehman continued to stand for the United Nations Relief and R~habilitation Ad­ years old-a time when many begin to think reform movement in State and national ministration. Help for those whom the war about eventual retirement--that Mr. Leh­ Democratic politics. After he had passed had made helpless could not have been en­ man gave up a $2-million-a-year investment hls Both birthday he could be found in rain trusted to more devoted hands. banking career to seek public office. and cold carrying on his crusade for political A product of Wall Street and a multi­ decency in every section of the city. At the millionaire, Herbert Lehman was an unre­ He was elected to two 2-year terms as end of his life he was still standing in the served champion of underdogs and of pro­ Lieutenant Governor under Mr. Roosevelt. forefront of many charitable, welfare, and gressive political ideas through the whole of In 1932, when Mr. Roosevelt was elected humanitarian causes. This great man of his public career. If he never became a President, Mr. Lehman won the first of four private heart and public courage was not power in the Senate or a member of its inner consecutive gubernatorial elections. (The just a symbol, but an activist of noble aims circle, he exercised influence nonetheless be­ Governor's term was extended to 4 years and accomplislunents to his last moments. cause, for the country a'fi large, he symbolized with his last election in 1938.) These live on. sincerity. The dauntlesSness with which this He lost only one election. That was in quiet, unpretentious little man challenged 1946 when he ran for the Senate and was The New York Herald Tribune edi­ Joe McCarthy, the Senate's bully, illuminated defeated by Irving M. Ives, a Republican. torial of December 6: the murkiness of a shabby decade in Ameri­ But in 1949 he won a special election to the Senate and the next year was reelected to a HE SERVED THE PEOPLE WELL can politics. The country owes much to Her­ bert Lehman for its recovery from McCarthy­ full 6-year term. He did not seek reelection The death of Herbert H. Lehman leaves -all in 1956. of us poorer. For in our time there have ism. Senator Lehman's efforts to infuse charity _ Although he lacked the flamboyance of an been few public servants so universally re­ ~Smith or, Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Lehman was spected, admired, and beloved. and reason into American immigration policy may well constitute his most significant con­ an Impressive votegetter in his own right. The life of the former Governor and Sena­ He defeated sucll persons as Robert Moses tor was a long one. It is hard to remember tribution. He was an implacable foe of the national origins quota system. That system (for Governor in 1934). Thomas E. Dewey now that he was first elected to office as long (for Governor in 1938), and John Foster ago as 1928, as Franklin D. Roosevelt's Lieu­ has not yet been extirpated from the immi­ gration statutes; but a proposal for abandon­ Dulles (for the Senate in 1949). tenant Governor. But he was then already Mr. Lehman was born in a brownstone 50, a man of great wealth turning from pri­ ment of it was sent to Congress not long ago by John F. Kennedy. Its enactment would house on East 62d Street on March 28, 1878. vate pursuits to new and broader arenas. His father, Mayer, a German imtmlgrant, In this career Mr. Lehman was four times be Herbert Lehman's best monument. Had he lived and held his health, Herbert was a founder of the COtton Exchange and elected Governor of New York, and later of Lehman Bros., investment banking firm. twice chosen to the U.S. Senate. During the Lehman would have been among those to be war he served as the first head of the United gi-ven the Presidenti.al Medal of Freedom at The youngest of ei~ht children, Mr. Leh­ Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Adminis­ the White House today. No one deserved it man attended Dr. Sach's Collegiate Institute tration. And in recent years, when he was more. No one could have defended freedom and Wililams College and jotned J. Spencer more fervently. Turner Co., a textile firm. He became vice already in his eighties, Mr. Lehrman led the president and treasurer in 1906 and 2 years reform storm in the local Democratic Party. Mr. RHODES of Pennsylvania. Mr. later he joined Lehman Bros. as a full Thus he covered more than a third of a. Speaker, I am pleased to join my col­ partner. century in city, State, National, and inter.: national performance, all of it done with leagues in paying public tribute to the In World War I, Mr. Lehman was first a courage and competence. memory of the late Senator Herbert H. civlllan aid to Mr. Roosevelt, who was then an The strength of Herbert H. Lehman was in Lehman, of New York, whose death Assistant Secretary of the Navy. In August character. Few public figures were so con­ December 5 has saddened the Nation. 1917, although he was several years over the sistently on the right side of the great issues. Senator Lehman was a kindhearted age for military service, he entered the Army He was a social idealist, yet also an indus­ as a. captain assigned to the General Staff. and modest man who never retreated on He became a !Colonel, assigned to supplyin.g trious man of action. He stirred few an­ basic principles in his devotion to pro­ tagonisms, but in his undramatic way he got oversea troops. After the armistice he things done. This is perhaps why one hard­ gressive and humanitarian causes. He served as assistant to the Secretary of War, ly thinks 'Of Mr. Lehman as a politician, al­ was one of the great champions of the supervising the return of supplies, and re­ though he was this State's prime vote­ New Deal and a close associate of Presi­ ceived the Distinguished Service Medal. getter. dent Franklin D. Roosevelt. A man always interested in the community There was about him the assurance of non­ Without question he was one of the around him, Mr. Lehman was caught by the partisanship, of quiet but determined con_. humanitarian approach to government dis­ most popular and beloved men who ever played by the then Governor Smith. In 1924, science, that made for popularity. He knew represented his State 1n public omce. what was right, and did it. That he did it at Governor Smith's request, he successfully so unspectacularly is probably the true mark I join with my colleagues in Congress mediated a threatened garment strike. o! Lehman quality, although in later years in expressing my deepest sympathy to In 1926, be managed Mr~ Smith's guberna­ he became increasingly a bold crusader. • his widow and other members of his. torial campaign and 2 years later became, But the important thing is that at all family. finance director of the Democratic National times Herbert H. Lehman served the public Under leave to extend my remarks ln Committee and worked_for Mr. Smith's presi­ interest wen. By spirit, integrity, and em- the RECORD, I wish to include excerpts dentlal campaign. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD- HOUSE 23731 It was AI Sm1~ whQ conj~e~ up tlle ~am A call of the House was ordered. . INTEREST EQUALIZATION TAX of Roosevelt and Lehman to help carry New The Clerk called the roll, and the fol­ ACT OF 1963 York State in the 1928 election. lowing Members faDed to answer to their Mr. Roosevelt's health and his national Mr. MILLS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ activities caused frequent absen9es from names: (Roll No. 222] imous consent that the Committee on Albany .and Mr. Lehman found h~elf Act­ Ways and Me·ans have until midnight ing Governor on the average of 3 months ·a Abbitt Glll O'Brien, Dl. Abele Glenn O'Brien, N.Y. · Monday, December 16, 1963, to file are- year. Mr. Roosevelt referred to Mr. Lehman Add.abbo Gonzalez O'Hara, Mich. as "my good right arm." .port on the bill H.R. 8000, the "Interest Albert Goodell Olson, Minn. Equalization Tax Act of 1963," amend­ Although presidential maneuverings Ashbrook Grabowski O'Neill as caused estrangement of Mr. Roosevelt and Ashley Gray Ostertag ed, along with any separate and/or mi­ Mr. Smith, both united to force Mr. Lehman's Ayres Green, Pa. Passman nority views. gubernatorial nomination in 1932 over the Barrett Griffin Pepper The SPEAKER. Is there objection to opposition of Tammany Hall. Bass Grlmths Philbin Battin Grover Pike the request of the gentleman from Ar­ Mr. Lehman occupied the Albany execu­ Becker Gurney Poage kansas? tive mansion during most of the trouble­ Boland Hagan, Ga. Powell some depression years. As Governor, he in­ · Boll1ng Halleck Purcell There was no objection. herited a $114 million deficit from Mr. Roose­ Bolton, Hanna Quie velt. When he left office 10 years later, he Oliver P. Hardy Quillen reported a $54 million surplus in the State Bray Harsha Randall Brooks Harvey, Mich. Reid, Ill. JOHN FITZGERALD ' KENNEDY~ LATE accounts. Broomfield Hawkins Reid, N.Y. PRESIDENT OF UNITED STATES With Mr. Roosevelt in Washington and Brown, Calif. Hays Rhodes, Ariz. Mr. Lehman in Albany, the State adminis­ Broyhill, Va. Healey Rivers, Alaska Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, I ask tration became known as "the Little New Buckley · Hebert Roberts, Ala. unanimous consent to extend my remarks Deal." Burke Hemphill Rodino at this point in the RECORD. Mr. Lehman promoted municipal power­ Burton Henderson Rooney, N.Y. Cahill Herlong Roosevelt The SPEAKER. Is there objection plants and armed the public service commis­ Cameron Hoffman Rosenthal to the request of the gentleman from sion with greater rate-cutting powers. Carey Holland Roybal Cities were permitted municipal housing au­ Casey Hosmer Rumsteld California? thorities--the pioneer for public housing. Cener Jarman Ryan, Mich. There was no objection. The State made housing loans. Unemploy­ · Clark Jennings StGermain Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, he lies now ment insurance was introduced. Self-liq­ : Clausen, Jensen St. Onge . Don H. Joelson Schwengel unmoved by tears, yet still we weep. uidating public works were advanced. Clawson, Del Jones, Ala. Scott Tears of sadness to give relief for deep Workmen's compensation was broadened. Conte Kastenmeier Senner felt grief too strong to be contained. In November 1942, President Roosevelt Cooley Kee Shelley named Mr. Lehman director of a new of­ Corman Keith Sheppard Tears of bitterness surging with the fice of foreign relief and rehabilitation set Curtis Kelly Sibal sense of loss. Loss of that spirit, that up in the State Department to aid war vic­ Daddario Keogh Sickles leadership, that promise of a young and Dague Kirwan Sikes tims in liberated areas. On December 2, Daniels Knox Smith, Va. gifted President. Tears of · sympathy when his Albany term had less than a month Davis, Ga. Kornegay Snyder streaming the cheek at thoUght and sight to run, Governor Lehman resigned. Davis, Tenn. Lankford Staebler of friend without this frie.nd, family In 1949 the Democrats again nominated ·Dawson Latta Staggers without this son or brother, wife with­ Mr. Lehman for the Senate to fill the term Delaney Lindsay Stephens of the late Robert F. Wagner. This time he Derounlan Long, La. Stinson out this husband, child without this Derwinski McClory Stratton .father. So we weep for this man who lies won, defeating Mr. Dulles. He was elected Diggs McDowell Stubblefield to a fun 6-year term the nexj; year over Joe Dingell Macdonald Taft beyond the teach of grief. R. Hanley. Donohue Madden Thompson, La. He lies now and knows no more of Mr. Lehman, at age 78, declined to seek Dorn Mailliard Thompson, N.J. pomp and pageantry, yet still we parade. reelection when his Senate term expired Downing Martin, Calif. Thompson, Tex. Dwyer Martin, Mass. Thornberry Moving compulsively in long lines, we in 1956. Edwards Martin, Nebr. Trimble mark the loneliness of our loss. March­ ·Elliott Matsunaga Tuck ing in the ways devised by man to ren­ Ellsworth Matthews Tupper LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM FOR NEXT Everett May Ullman der homage. Marching in mass~ve trib­ WEEK Fallon Michel Utt ute to testify, we adjudge this life to have . ·Farbstein Miller, N.Y. Van Deerlin .been both good and great. He sees no Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask -Fascell Milliken Vanik flag and yet they are unfurled. Do honor unanimous consent to address the House Fino Minish Waggonner Flyrit Monaga.n Wallhauser to his loyalty to this our land. For he for 1 minute. 'Fogarty Montoya Watts paid the highest price that from a 'patriot The SPEAKER. Is there objection 'Fountain Morrison Whalley devotion to duty can extract. His fellow to the request of the gentleman from Fraser Morse White Frelinghuysen Morton Whitten citizens, therefore, call for pageant rec­ Louisiana? Friedel Moss Wickersham ognition. He misses the cadence of the There was no objection. Fulton, Pa. Multer W1llis count and still we move in mournful, Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I take this Fulton, Tenn. Murphy, . Wilson, Gallagher Nedzi Charles H. measured steps. We come finally to that time to announce to the House that on ·Garmatz Nelsen Wright last resting place where other gallant Monday next several bills will be con­ -Gilbert Nix Wydler men occupy the hallowed ground, Ar­ sidered, one involving a matter here in The SPEAKER. On this rollcall 226 lington National Cemetery. So we pa­ the District of Columbia, and another a Members have answered to their names, rade for him who lies but does not see conference report, which will probably a quorum. the banner blow or hear the bugles' final mean several record votes. By unanimous consent, further pro­ blast. I want the Members to know the situ­ ceedings under the call were dispensed He lies now and hears no praise, yet ation, and I would appreciate it if the with. still we raise our voice to laud him. offices of the Members who are absent Praise to assure his friends and family will see that they are notified, so that FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1963 that the good he did will not be interred they will know of the program. with his remains but will live on to do Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask him, them and his country great and ~unanimous consent that the House con­ CALL OF THE HOUSE lasting credit. Praise to assure the widow ferees may have until midnight tonight and the orphan that we support and Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, I make the to file a conference report on the bill share a pride that will last longer than point of· order that a quorum is not H.R. 7885, the Foreign Assistance Act the sorrow of his tragic passing. Praise present. of 1963. to assure ourselves and all the world this The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum The SPEAKER. Is there objection to life now gone was lived rich in service; is not present. the request of the gentleman from Penn­ fruitful both of promise and perform­ Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I move 1:\ .sylvania? ance. So we praise this man who lies call of the House. There was no objection. beyond the sound or pleasure of our voice. CIX--1494. 23732 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- HOUSE December 6 He lies now untouched by prayer, yet Mr. Strubinger embarked on_his Gov­ with members of the subcommittee in still we pray. Prayers of strength for ernment career in June 1920, serving as explaining Bureau programs, showing those touched personally by this passing. a clerk in the Department of Commerce. the committee firsthand the workings of Seeking support for that majestic lady From July 1922 to January 1923, he was the Bureau of Customs and accompany­ who now must stand alone and those employed as a clerk in the Bureau of ing the subcommittee on visits to in­ little children who yet must learn the Pensions, Department of the Interior. stallations in the field. The Govern­ measure of their loss. Prayers of an­ He transferred to the Bureau of Internal ment will lose a valuable man on his guish wrung from the universal guilt Revenue on February 1, 1923, serving in retirement and I extend to him my that none escapes. Painfully knowing a clerical capacity until 1931 when he heartiest wishes for a well-earned re­ in this tortured hour that we are mem­ received a promotion to assistant ac­ tirement at the conclusion of 43 years of bers of the family of man and that we countant and auditor. In 1936 he was public service-he deserves the best. are, indeed, our brother's keeper. Pray­ promoted to administrative investigator ers of mercy, supplications for the fot:­ and in 1938 to chief investigator, in COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC WORKS giveness, the understanding, and the which capacity he served until August 1, peace we did not offer when they were 1939, the date of his transfer to the Bu­ Mr. OLSEN of Montana. Mr. Speak­ ours to give and which now only a gra­ reau of Customs. He began his service er, I ask unanimous consent that the cious Father can extend. So we pray for with customs as liaison officer. From Committee on Public Works may have this man whose judgment is of his own 1945 until 1949 he served as budget of­ permission to sit this· afternoon. making and whose mercy lies above our ficer and administrative officer in the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to small powers. Bureau of Customs. On July 28, 1949, he the request of the gentleman from Mon­ It is then for us the living, rather than was promoted to the position of Assist­ tana? for him who lies in death, that tears are ant Commissioner of Customs. There was no objection. shed, pageants pass, praises are pro­ Mr. Strubinger represented the U.S. nounced and prayers are patterned. We Government in the United Nations Con­ STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM-TRADE hope that our tears assuage some human ference on Far East Economics in Bang­ . AND TECHNICAL SCHOOLS grief, our pageantry deepens with dig­ kok, Thailand, in 1958, 1960, and 1962. nity the impact of this life upon the liv­ He also has served on a number of oc­ Mr. LIBONATI. Mr. Speaker, I ask ing, our praises warm those left cold by casions as a member of the U.S. delega.: unanimous consent that the gentleman this cruel loss, our prayers win us some tions to international conferences on from Pennsylvania [Mr. DENT] may ex­ mercy from Him who is most merciful. customs procedures, travel and tourism tend his remarks at this point in the No weeping we do, no pomp we show, no held in Europe, South America, and RECORD. praise we sing, no prayer we lift can Mexico. The SPEAKER. Is there objection affect the judgment to which our Presi­ Out of 80 nominees, Mr. Strubinger to the request of the gentleman from dent, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, now has was one of 22 executives selected by the Illinois? passed. It is for us the living to learn Brookings Institution in Washington, There was no objection. from our tears, to be motivated by our D.C., to attend the Brookings Institu­ Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, I call the marching to do more, to realize the hope tion's Second Conference for Executives ~ttention of my colleagues to a bill I that sings through our praises and to in Federal Service in 1958. Mr. Strubin­ have introduced today which I feel can find in our prayers that the strength of ger received a commendation from Sec­ have a most beneficial impact on our our tomorrows lies within us. With retary of the Treasury Anderson for his economy. The bill would establish a God's help that strength can be sum­ splendid contribution to the Conference system of loans to assist students to at­ moned, and with His help it will be sum­ and especially for his representa­ tend trade and technical schools. moned. Then perhaps we can truly tion of the Treasury Department. We are all too familiar with the highly reach this man in that place where now He has also received many commen­ motivated youngster who, because he is he lies. dations for his service to the Govern­ the child of an unemployed father, finds ment from congressional sources, the it impossible to acquire the kind of training required by today's technologi­ DAVID B. STRUBINGER Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, the Department of State and other key Gov­ cally oriented economy. To those who Mr. GARY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ ernment officials. In 1961 his excep­ may suggest that there exist programs imous consent to address the House for tional ability and service to the customs to assist students to pursue higher edu­ 1 minute and to revise and extend my service were recognized by an outstand­ cation let them know that not all of our remarks. ing performance rating and a superior youngsters are academically oriented. The . SPEAKER. Is there objection work performance award. This week he In fact, the vast majority of young ·people to the request of the gentleman from will receive the Exceptional Service complete academic training at the high Virginia? Award, the highest award that can be school level. Are we to ignore the needs There was no objection. made under the Treasury Department's of such boys and girls who wish to ac­ Mr. GARY. Mr. Speaker, Mr. David incentive awards program, in recogni­ quire the vocational skills required by the B. Strubinger, the Assistant Commis­ tion of his long and distinguished serv­ economy? Surely, such proposals as sioner of Customs, will retire on Decem­ ice in the public interest and for the would attempt to encourage young people ber 30, 1963. Mr. Strubinger was born Treasury Department. to prepare themselves for a productive in York, Pa., on July 3, 1901. He was future should receive serious considera­ educated at George Washington Univer­ Mr. Strubinger is one of the most tion from appropriate committees of the sity, Benjamin Franklin University, and capable, effective, and dedicated pub­ Congress. · lic servants it has ever been my pleasure National University. He holds the de­ In addition, I wish it known that the grees of bachelor of science and bachelor to know. He has a comprehensive and practical working knowledge of govern­ assistance proposed in the bill is in the of law. He is married to the fonner nature of repayable loans. No forgive­ Sarah M. Boyle, of Shenandoah, Pa. Mr. ment and is indeed a credit to his pro­ fession. He has appeared before the ness features are proposed nor will they and Mrs. Strubinger have been residents be recommended. Finally, the program of the Washington metropolitan area for Appropriations Subcommittee, of which I am chairman, in connection with ap­ recognizes the ability of the vast number many years. of excellent trade and technical schools Since July 28, 1949, Mr. Strubinger has propriations for the Bureau of Customs to offer training programs appropriate to served as Assistant Commissioner of Cus­ for many years. He is a very coopera- tive and effective witness. He knows the needs of business and industry. To toms, the highest level career position in qualify for participation in the program the customs service, and he has fre­ the programs and understands the prac­ a school must have been in existence for quently served as the Acting Commis­ tical aspects of discharging the Govern­ at least 2 years and must be either li­ sioner of Customs. The duties of the ment's business. In his capacity as censed by the State or by an appropriate Assistant Commissioner include line and Assistant Commissioner of Customs, he and nationally recognized accrediting staff responsibility to the Commissioner has assisted in mapping policy and in association. This requirement should for all aspects of the management, con­ the implementation of many important serve to preclude the sudden establish­ trol, and technical guidance of the U.S. programs of the Federal Bureau of Cus­ ment . o~ numerous fly-by-night opera­ customs service. toms. He has been most cooperative tions. 1963 • CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD- HOUSE 23733 VISIT OF CONGRESSIONAL COM­ away trom you, the farther it will travel be· tions between planned and actual speed and . fore falling to the ground. For a short while flight direction wUl affect orbital path. Once MITTEE TO PATRICK Am ~RCE its speed and direction are sufficient to over­ the engines of the that BASE,· FLA. come the force of gravity. has given the satellite its initial speed cease Mr. LIBONATI. Mr. Speaker, I ask If you could imagine your strength so functioning, the satellite is coasting just as fantastically multiplied that you could t~ow is the stone once it leaves the thrower's unanimous consent to extend my remarks -a stone at 15,000 miles per hour, it would hand. at tnis point in the record and include travel a great distance. It woUld, in fact, The resistance of the last vestiges of at· extraneous matter. easily cross the Atlantic Ocean before the mosphere, however slight, and the attrac­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection earth's gravity pulled it down. Now imagine tion of the earth's gravity cause the satel­ to the request of the gentleman from being able to throw the stone just a little lite to slow down,. until it rises no higher Illinois? bit faster-say about 18,000 miles per hour­ and begins to fall back toward the earth. There was no objection. what would happen then? This point, at which the satellite's flight The stone would again cross the ocean, but path is at the farthest distance away from Mr. LIDONATI. Mr. Speaker, on No­ this time it would travel much farther than earth, is called the "apogee.'' When the vember 21 a congressional group com­ it did before. It would travel so far that it satellite begins to fall b!lck toward the earth, prising the gentleman from Michigan, would overshoot the earth, so to speak, and the attraction of the earth's gravity causes Harold M. Ryan; the gentleman from keep falling until it was back to where it it to increase its speed, until it once more is Illinois, Kenneth Gray; the gentleman started. Its horizontal speed would tend to traveling slightly above the ideal orbital from Missouri, Richard !chord; the gen­ keep it moving straight ahead. The attrac­ speed, and the arc of its flight path is slight­ tleman from Florida, Edward J. Gurney; tion of the earth's gravity would try to make ly less than the e·arth's curvature. This the gentleman from Texas, Bob Casey; it fall to the ground. The interaction of point, where the path of the satellite is these two forces would nearly balance each closest to earth, is known as the "perigee." the gentleman from New York, Otis G. other. From the stone's point of view it is The increased speed causes the satellite to Pike; the gentleman from Vermont, continuously falling, except that its very once more head away from the earth. until Robert T. Stafford; the gentleman from slight downward arc exactly matches the it is again slowed down and begins to fall Illinois, Roland V. Libonati; and Herbert curvature of the earth. Since in this imag­ back. This sequence is repeated again and Lineberger, administrative assistant to inary example, there is no atmospheric resist­ again. each time at a speed a little bit slower the gentleman from North Carolina, ance to slow the stone down, it would still than the time before, and each time a little Basil Whitener, also including our genial be travelling at its original speed, 18,000 bit clOEier to the earth, until finally the re­ miles per hour, when it got back to its start­ sistance of the atmosphere beoomes great and considerate escort officers Col. Bruce ing point. So, around the earth it goes enough to slow the satellite to a point where Arnold and Maj. Harry Funk, invitees of again. It would stay aloft-or as the scien­ it can no longer maintain an . . the Air Force arrived at Patrick Air Force tists would say, "in orbit"-indefinitely. Base at 6:05p.m. We were met by Maj. Here, then, are the first two requirements Colonel Tisdale's briefing is as follows: Gen. L. I. Davis, commander, and second for placing a spacecraft in orbit-it must be Now KNOWN AS CAPE in command, General Sands. Our brief­ raised to a speed of approximately 18,000 KENNEDY ing started the next morning-8: 30 a.m., miles per hour; it must be placed in a Halfway down Florida's east coast, between e.s.t.-at center headquarters by Lieu­ horizontal flight path relative to the place Jacksonville and Miami, is America's most tenant Colonel Tisdale-the organization from which it started. complete space testing"1aboratory. . Since the earth has an atmosphere, of Much of the cape terrain consists of thick and mission of the Air Force Missile Test course, neither stones nor spacecraft can be undergrowth and palmetto scrubs, not too Center, and "the Atlantic Missile Range, sent whizzing around the earth at treetop unlike the earlier days when Indians and the and Colonel Whiteside as escort, accom­ level without encountering considerable early settlers made their home on this arrow­ panied us to other areas. resistance, or "drag," from the atmosphere. shaped sandy spit jutting into the Atlantic The , since our visit, has been Should sufficient power be used to force an Ocean. New growth, greater than tllat of successfully launched into orbit, and in object into an orbital path close to the sur­ the national environment, started with the face of the earth, the friction caused by over­ signing of a bill authorizing a launching its performance and behavior has met coming this drag would generate a great deal range at Cape Canaveral on May 11, 1949. On the expectations of its scientific purposes of heat-enough, in fact, to completely burn June 13, 1950, the Department of Defense and tests. up most known materials. The third require­ assigned the responsibility for the operation Welcome to the Air Force Missile Test ment, therefore, for placing a spacecraft in of this long range proving ground at Ba­ Center. We trust your visit will be both orbit is that it must be lifted beyond the nana River, Fla., to the Air Force. The At­ pleasant and enlightening. reach of atmospheric resistance. It is ab­ lantic Mtssile Range (AMR) presently ex­ Attached you will find the itinerary we sence of atmospheric resistance, plus speed tends across the South Atlantic and into the have prepared, and a general information and flight direction, that makes this type Indian Ocean. However, it might be. more sheet. Also included in the brochure are of space flight possible. aptly said to have its ending in infinite several inserts which may be of interest to Such a spacecraft, rotating in orbital flight space. you during your visit. around the earth, is called a satellite--the Land acquisition by the National Aero­ For further information and assistance, term used in astronomy for any attendant nautics and Space Administration (NASA) please feel free to call the individuals listed body revolving about a larger one. will increase the cape area from its present at the bottom of the general information It may seem odd that weight and size 15,000 acres to approximately 95,000 acres by sheet. (mass) has nothing to do with maintaining mid-1963. This increase ln land mass is re­ Again, mayJ: wish you a very pleasant visit. a satellite's orbit. If a feather were released quired to carry out the program for the peace­ Sincerely, from a 10-ton satellite, the two would stay to­ ful exploration of space as outlined by the L. I. DAVIS, gether, following the same path in the airless Congress. Major General, USAF, Commander. void. There is however, no clear-cut line The present cape. boundaries are Port making the upper limits of the atmosphere. Canaveral to the south, the Atlantic Ocean WHY SPACECRAFT STAY UP Even a few hundred miles above the earth to the east, and with the acquisition of land The basic laws governing satellites and some slight vestige of atmosphere remains, on Merritt Island, the Indian River will form other spacecraft are fascinating in their own and its resistance will eventually cause the the western terminus. The area will connect right. And, while they have been well feather to spiral inward toward the earth to the Florida mainland in the nor1;h. known to scientists ever since the time of sooner than the satellite. Since AMR was established 12 years ago, it Sir Isaac Newton, the 17th century English It is atmospheric resistance, however has been a research and development test scientist, they may still seem a little puzzling ·slight, that has set limits on the life of most facility. Design work now underway will and unreal to many of us. Our children, satellites launched to date. Beyond a few alter this mission to one which is primarily however, will understand them quite well. hundred miles the remaining trace of at­ operational, capable of routine, rapid launch­ In fact, some of them do so already, to our mosphere fades away so rapidly that higher ing of large . Physical appearances occasional embarrassment. It is difficult for satellites should stay aloft thousands of of the launch areas will change along with those of us who are now the "older genera­ years, and, perhaps, indefinitely. The higher their mission character. The skyline will be tion" to appreciate why an object having no the satell1te, incidentally, the less speed dominated by massive assembly sheds where wings or other visible means of support, and it needs to stay in orbit once it gets there c-5 and vehicles can be pre­ not even particularly "streamlined" as we (thus, the earth's largest satellite, the moon, pared for launch simultaneously. accept the term, can perforJll, the way it does. has an orbital speed of only a little more The first vehicle launching at Cape All of us know that Sir Isaac Newton dis­ than 2,000 miles per hour) . But, to launch Kennedy toqk place on July 24, 1950. covered the laws of gravity, and, if we were a sate~lite toward a p}.ore distant orbit re­ Bumper No. 8 was a combination V-2 and asked what caused a stone dropped from our quires a higher initial speed and greater ex­ WAC Corporal that attained 25 miles in a hand to fall to the ground, we would unhes­ penditure of energy. horizontal distance test. From . this early itatingly say "gravity," although we might In practice, a satellite does not maintain a launching and the many hundreds that fol.­ not be sure exactly what. that is. We also flight path that is always equally distant lowed, came the technology that has enabled know that the harder you throw a ston~ from the earth's surface. Even minute varia- this Nation to undertake the challenging 23734 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. .HOUSE December 6 program of building large vehicles with the · of aerodynamic heating during ascent, the T-1: Start electrical connection of objective of landing a crew of astronauts and liquid hydrogen tank is Protected by jetti­ Conax valve. scientists on the moon in this decade. . sonable insulation panels. (The nose fairing T-0: End of F-1. day operations. The cape is served by a channel from the and insulation panels will not be jettisoned Florida inland waterway, with docking fac111- for this flight.) _ MAJOR FLIGHT EVENT TIMES . ties for Saturn barges and other craft. Road Guidance during first and second stage 1. T+O: Liftoff (2-inch mo_tion) . and air are other means of direct transporta­ powered fiight is controlled by the Centaur 2. T+150.4: Booster engine cutoff (Beco). tion. A network of over 65 miles of paved guidance system. This guidance system is 3. T+l53.4: Booster engine jettison. roads within the cape provides access to the all inertial and is designed to accommodate 4. T+229.0: Sustainer engine cutoff presently developed areas. both orbital and deep-space missions. This (Seco). Total employees at AMR number approxi­ unit consists of an inertial platform and as­ 5. T+234.0: Atlas vernier engine cutoff mately 23,000. By the summer of 1963 it is sociated electronics designed by Minneapolis­ (Veco). T+234.9: ' Atlas/Centaur separa­ expected to increase to 33,000 persons. NASA Honeywell, and an airborne digital computer tion. T+235.0: Fire Atlas-stage retrorock­ employees at Cape Kennedy in mid-1962 built by Librascope. ets. number about 2,000, including contractors 6. T+245.0: Centaur vernier rocket cut­ and construction personnel; the personnel CENTAUR-2 MISSION off . . Centaur main engine start. projection through 1966 indicates a rapid The Centaur-2 space vehicle wm fly a one­ 7. T+625.0: Centaur main engine cutoff growth to more than 16,000. This large in­ burn mission, ending in an elliptical orbit (Meco) and Centaur vernier start. fiux of people will have a noticeable impact with a 300-nautical-mile perigee and 900- 8. T+637.0: Centaur vernier rocket cutoff on Brevard County which has already at­ . nautical-mile apogee. The primary objec­ 9. T+637.0: Unstabilized drift in orbit. · tives of this flight are to: tained the status of the fastest growing F-1 DAY MAJOR EVENTS county in the United States during the 1950's. (a) Demonstrate the ability of the Atlas/ Cape Canaveral has an average tempera­ Centaur structure to withstand the loads (All times are in hours) ture of 72.5°. August is the warmest month encountered in the slow pitchover type of T-10: Begin nose fairing installation. and a rainy season exists from May through trajectory ascent. T-7: RP-1 sample analysis returned. October. High humidity is prevalent (b) Verify the adequacy of the Atlas/Cen­ T-6: Begin F-1 countdown. RF checks . through most of the year. taur separation system. (Azusa, C-Band Beacon, TLM readouts) . The average rainfall is 41 inches, and the (c) Demonstrate the ability of the propul­ Radiation clearance for 1 hour. water table varies from 2 to 6 feet. The sion system to start successfully and achieve T-5:30: Prepare hydrogen peroxide trans­ highest point of natural elevation is 10 feet steady-state operation. fer unit fill. on the cape. (d) Evaluate the accuracy of the guidance T-5: Hydrogen peroxide transfer unit fill. An abundance of wild life inhabit the system's inertial measuring unit in respect F-2 DAY MAJOR EVENTS cape, the largest being deer which are fre­ to velocity and position. quently sighted. During a recent surveying (All times are in hoUrs) operation by a contractor firm, one particu­ F-0 DAY MAJOR EVENTS 13:00E: RP-1 tanking preparation. lar area received a minimum of scrutiny; it (All times in minutes unless stated 13 :30E: Begin RP-1 tanking. was known a 10-foot alligator inhabited this otherwise) . 15:30E: RP-1 tanking complete. Fuel particular marsh. T-280: Terminal countdown begins. Start sampled. · C-Band and Azusa tests. Start telemetry End of F-2 day operations. CENTAUR PROGRAM tests. CENTAUR 2 The Centaur space vehicle consists of a T-250: Install hypergols. Install destruct Atlas vehicle number, 126D. modified D series Atlas booster stage and a box. Centaur vehicle number, 2B. Centaur second stage. It is being developed T-215: Initiate range safety command test. Vehicle designation, R. & D. by General Dynamics/Astronautics for NASA. T-160: Activate batteries. Start tower re­ , instrumentation. Centaur is the first U.S.-launch vehicle moval preparations. Launch complex, 36A. using liquid hydrogen, as pro­ T-120: Clear service tower and move tower Launch azimuth, 100.5 o. pellants. Because of its high energy yield, to service area. Start GAP (guidance auto­ Pitchover program, lofted. this propellant combination is superior to pilot) test preparations. Number of Centaur burns, 1. other conventional propellants. T-110: Start GAP test. Apogee, 900 N. miles. Centaur wm be used as the primary launch T-90: Complex roadblock set. Perigee, 300 N. miles. vehicle for unmanned lunar and planetary T-80: Start Centaur liquid oxygen and Inclination from Equator, 30°. missions. The primary mission for Centaur liquid hydrogen tanking preparation. Period, 114.6 minutes. at this time 1s lander, a spacecraft T-70: Start Centaur liquid oxygen tank­ Orbital weight, approximately 5 tons. · designed for a soft lunar landing and sub­ ing. sequent transmission of data from the sur­ T-60: Start helium airborne bottle stor­ LAUNCH OPERATIONS CENTER-LAUNCH COM­ face of the moon to earth. age. PLEX 34 T-45: Start liquid hydrogen tanking. ATLAS Since man first conceived the idea of rocket Seal blockhouse door. propulsion, he has concerned himself with The first stage vehicle (Atlas) is powered T-35: Start Atlas liquid oxygen tanking. by a MA-5 propulsion system launch operations. The early launch meth­ T-30: Start Centaur and Atlas auto-pilot ods reflected the simplicity and primitiveness composed of two booster engines, one sus­ final checks. tainer engine, and two small vernier roockets. of the first rockets. T-25: Start liquid helium final ch1lldown Concurrent with the advances in rocketry, The main engines and vernier rockets are and Centaur engines. Final Azusa and c­ more complex and sophisticated launch pro­ gimbaled for directional control during the Bank checks. .cedures have been developed since the early booster and sustainer phases of the launch. T-22: Start final range safety command attempts to hurl an object toward the stars. These five engines are ignited simultane­ tests. The first Saturn vehicle was successfully ously on the ground, providing a liftoff thrust T-20: Start telemetry system warmup. launched in October 1961 from a massive of more than 367,000 pounds. T-6: Secure liquid oxygen tanking, launching site at Cape Kennedy known as CENTAUR T-5:30: Range safety AGC check. Launch Complex 34 (LC-34). It is the larg­ The second stage vehicle (Centaur) is a T-3:45: Atlas telemetry to internal. Cen- est launching site in the free world and is high vehicle that carries the taur telemetry to internal. probably the first built expressly for the payload. 'l'hrust is obtained from two Pratt T-3: 15: Guidance to fiight mode. peaceful exploration of space. This 45-acre, & Whitney RLlOA-3 engines generating 15,- T-3: Atlas inverter on. multi-million-dollar facility is one of several 000 pounds of thrust each. These engines, T-2: 15 Start flight pressurization. launch complexes operated by the Launch which burn liquid oxygen and liquid hydro­ T-2: Range safety command to internal Operations Center of the National Aero­ gen, are capable of re-ignition during fiight. and arm. nautics and Space Administration. Ten small hydrogen peroxide engines, T-1:30: Secure liquid hydrogren tanking. Approximately 3 years were required for mounted on the aft periphery of the air T-60 (seconds): Pressurization to internal, the development and construction of LC-34 frame, provide additional thrust for propel­ shape charge armed. Programers armed. from concept to the initial Saturn launch. lant settling and attitude control during T-18 (seconds): Momentary hold. The complexity and size of the launching transition and low thrust coast periods. T-3 (seconds): Vernier engine complete. site is illustrated by the characteristics of its The Centaur main engines are also gimbaled T-0 (seconds) : Main stage. Centaur um- major functional elements. to provide directional control after Atlas bilical ejected. Release vehicle. LAUNCH CONTROL CENTER T-4:45: Hydrogen peroxide tanking. separation. The launch cont!ol center has approxi­ All electronic packages, guidance equip­ T-3 :45: Centaur attitude engine firing. mately 10,000 square feet of protected fioor ment, and scientific payloads, are mounted T-3:15: Centaur boost pump firing. space on two levels and· an additional 2,150 on equipment and payload support rings on T-3: RF silence. Start · igniter, shape square feet of unprotected space in an equip­ the forward bulkhead of the Centaur liquid charge and mechanical installa­ ment room which ~s. not occupied during hydrogen tank. This equipment is protected tion. launchings. It is a dome