Scientific Management of Natural Resources for Sustainable Development
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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT with special reference to BUNDELKHAND ( THE SAGAR DIVISION ) SECTION - 1 STATUS OF RESOURCES Dr. Bharatendu Prakash M.Sc.,D.Phil. Silver Jubilee Vikram Sarabhai Fellow Madhya Pradesh Council of Science & Technology Vigyan Bhavan, Nehru Nagar BHOPAL 462003 M.P. 2013 1 PREFACE Present document entitled “SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ” is the outcome of study and work which I did under Silver-Jubilee Vikram Sarabhai Fellowship awarded to me in the year 2008 by Madhya Pradesh Council of Science & Technology (MPCST Bhopal) for five years. Sagar division of Bundelkhand comprising five districts viz. Chhatarpur, Damoh, Panna, Sagar & Tikamgarh was taken up as the area of detailed study . Though initially water resources, soils ( land use ) and forest-resources comprising herbs / medicinal plants only were planned to be studied but while working it came to be clear that all aspects including regional background: history, geography, geology, topography, agricultural practices, climate and industry of the region must be looked at because these are interacting areas and must be kept in view for any suggestive plan towards sustainable development. Thus this task gave me opportunity to understand region’s geo-physical nature, drainage pattern, forests, rivers, hills , soils ,Govt. policies & plans , industrial aspects, people’s problems & ambitions, efforts and their culture .This also provided me time and resources to study several technology alternatives which could be successfully introduced to help the process of sustainable development. In regions such as Bundelkhand. This study was planned to be completed in phases with three pronged strategy adopted as follows: 1. Observation of status related to remote locations & natural resources by visiting personally the forests, river projects , reservoirs , villages , block- and district- offices; interacting with scientists of nearby universities and institutions and organizing block- level meetings to understand realities and explore alternatives, 2. Documentation of views of common villagers as well as Panchayat-Heads regarding present situation, problems , obstacles, impact of climate change and seek their opinion through village-level surveys with help of volunteers preferably the local educated youth. 3. Exploring information from District Gazetteers, District level department-reports, reference books, dissertations and local newspapers etc. This particular report comprises of two sections : Section (1), Section (2). Section (1) after introducing the region depicts status of resources and situation comprehensively and also the climatic indicators district wise while the Section (2) reflects over existing resources, presents potential of the region , people’s perception of problems & their 2 opinion and desirable technologies & management-alternatives aiming at sustainable development of the region. The Appendix includes some articles which were prepared by me for presenting in some seminars and other relevant papers which relate to present area of study. I am extremely grateful to Dr. Mahesh Sharma, former-Director General and Dr. Pramod Kumar Verma, present Director-General of Madhya Pradesh Council of Science & Technology, Bhopal for having provided me this opportunity and help in the process of studying major Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh. My heart felt thanks are also due to Dr. Narendra Nath Mehrotra , ex-Executive Director (MPCST) who encouraged me to devote five years of my life in this important task. Cooperation of Dr. N.P.Shukla, ex-Project Director and Shri Ajit Kumar Shrivastava, present Executive Director of MPCST is being thankfully acknowledged. Dr. G.S. Kaushal, Silver Jubilee Dr. Richharia Fellow (MPCST) working on sustainable farming systems helped me on several occasions and contributed a lot in my understanding of organic faming , an area overlapping my studies on sustainable technology- systems. I express my cordial gratitude to him at this occasion. Late Professor R.R.Das , the Silver Jubilee Sir C.V.Raman Fellow (MPCST) studying indigenous traditional knowledge systems was for me a friend and philosopher who cooperated in my work till last moment of his life . It was a great loss for all of us to have lost him during active period of the fellowship. I pay my deep regards to him. I express my thanks to Professor Dr. L.P. Chaurasia and Dr. Satyendra Jain ( Dr. HS Gaur Central University of Sagar ) , Dr. R.L.S. Sikarwar ( Arogya Dham, Chitrakoot ), Shri Chinmay Mishra ( Sarvodaya Press Service, Indore) , Shri Sachin Kumar Jain, Shri Gagan Nayar & friends ( Vikas Samvad, Bhopal) and Dr. J.K.Bajaj ( Centre for Policy Studies, New Delhi) for their help and valuable references. I am indebted to Shri Ajay Kumar and Dr. Upama Diwan for extending to us homely atmosphere and care. My special thanks are due to Late Dr. D.K.Sharma, Founder President of SIRDI for associating me to his organization. MPCST-scientist Dr. Manoj S. Rathore and Accounts Officer Shri VK Dubey deserve my cordial gratitude for continuous cooperation extended to me during entire duration of my fellowship and beyond. I am particularly thankful to Scientists Dr. Subroto khan ( retd) , Dr. Rajesh Saxena, Dr. R.K.Singh, Dr. Anil Khare , Dr. Sandeep Goyal, Dr. Dilip Soni , Dr. Somesh Pandey, Dr. Saroj Vokil , Dr. Reena Verma, Dr. Bhupendra Saxena, Dr. Ravi Bhardwaj, Dr. Rajesh Sharma and Dr. Bharat Singh for their friendly interaction and cooperation. 3 I must not forget to thank Mr. M.A. Thomas, assistant at D.G. ‘s office who always received us in Council with respectful smile. I cordially thank friends Shri Anil Malaiya, Shri Vishal Prasad , Shri Santosh Chaturvedi , Shri Dayaram Namdeo , Shri Lal Singh Gaur , Shri Amit Bhatnagar , Shri Devidin, Shri Deepak Tewari, Shri Arvind Chhiroliya and Shri Ram Lakhan Tewari who contributed their time and energy in coordinating block level meetings and field surveys of nearly 2,900 villages in area of present study. I am highly thankful to volunteers who heped me by visiting various villages, interviewing villagers in all five districts . Cooperation of Shri Durga Prasad Arya, Shri Sanjoy Singha, Shri Ravi Prakash Shukla and Smt. Damayanti Pani of M.P.Gandhi Smarak Nidhi has been of great help to me. The scientific and office staff of Bundelkhand Resources Study Centre (BRSC), Chhatarpur ( past & present) viz. Shri Rajesh Sharma , Shri Narendra Saxena & Shri Vivek Goswami had been helpful in entire work including coordinating field surveys, accompany me to field visits , preparing summaries of findings and finally compilation of present report. My cordial thanks are due to all of them. In course of this work I received cooperation from all the sectors concerned who not only appreciated such a study but also contributed their ideas & opinions towards practical approach to help future planning of the region. It is not possible for me to express in words my gratitude to my wife Smt. Shobhana for working with me as real shadow extending her time, saving from domestic responsibilities, for helping in my study & tours , official dealings with the Council and elsewhere, preparing summaries of findings. and nursing me during my heart problems leading to an angioplasty in 2011, saving me from collapse of health through timely treatment & medication and encouraging me to devote to this work without other worries. VIJAYA DASHMI 14th October 2013 -Bharatendu Prakash Vikram Sarabhai Fellow (MPCST: 2008-2012) Bundelkhand Resources’ Study Centre Chhatarpur 471001 M.P. 4 STATUS OF RESOURCES CONTENTS s.no. what Page Number . 1 . Background: Chapter I 6- 51 2 Bundelkhand- The Sagar Division: Chapter II 52- 133 3 Water Resources of Sagar Division: Chapter III 134-194 4 Agriculture & Horticulture: Chapter IV 195-240 5 The Forests: Chapter V 241-270 6 Industriousness of People & Industries: Chapter VI 271-299 Important References 5 Chapter-I BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION Map engulfing Bundelkhand Region Present region of Bundelkhand lies between approximately 230 10’ and 260 27’ (north) Latitude and 780 4’ and 810 34’ (east) longitude, and comprises five districts of Sagar division ( Chhatarpur, Damoh, Panna, Sagar & Tikamgarh) , one district of Gwalior division ( Datia ) , three districts of Jhansi division ( Jalaun, Jhansi & Lalitpur) and four districts of Chitrakoot-dham division ( Banda, Chitrakoot, Hamirpur & Mahoba). The cultural Bundelkhand , however, spreads beyond this region and touches partially some areas of the adjacent districts of Madhya Pradesh. 6 BASIC STATISTICS OF BUNDELKHAND REGION Particulars Districts Area Population Rural Gram- Janpad Population (km2) (2011) Population Villa- Panchayat Panchayat / Density (%) ges Development- Blocks 13,63,359 Chhatarpur 8,616.82 17,62,275 (77.4) 1,080 558 08 205 10,13,668 Damoh 7,285.83 12,64,219 (80.2) 1,229 461 07 165 8,91,185 Panna 7,135.00 10,16,520 (87.7) 1,015 395 05 142 16,69,662 Sagar 10,252.00 23,78,458 (70.2) 2,059 753 12 197 11,95,293 Tikamgarh 5,048.00 14,45,166 (82.7) 865 459 06 286 6,04,772 Datia 2,959.00 7,86,754 (76.9) 583 280 03 266 15,23,655 Banda 4,114.20 17,99,410 (84.7) 681 463 08 437 8,95,398 Chitrakoot 3,452.91 9,91,730 (90.3) 536 317 05 287 8,94,437 Hamirpur 4,121.90 11,04,285 (81.0) 491 318 07 268 6,90,577 Mahoba 3,038.00 8,75,958 (78.8) 440 252 04 288 12,71,074 Jalaun 4,565.00 16,89,974 (75.2) 937 564 09 370 11,65,119 Jhansi 5024.00 19,98,603 (58.3) 755 449 08 398 10,46,214 Lalitpur 5,039.00 12,21,592 (85.6) 681 342 06 242 TOTAL: 70,651.66 1,83,34,944 1,42,24,413 11,352 5,611 88 - (79.2) Source: - Census Data ( www.censusindia.gov.in ) - District Profiles of M.P. Districts: Chhatarpur, Datia etc. - < www.uponline.in> & <www.indiawater.gov.in ( IMIS reports) 7 COMPREHENDING BUNDELKHAND: For understanding a region and its culture in depth basic knowledge of its history and geography is essential because both of these influence people’s life-condition, culture, nature and their behaviour.