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ZIONIST WORK in PALESTINE the Net Profits on the Sale of This Book Will Be Devoted to the Jewish National Fund

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ZIONIST WORK in PALESTINE the Net Profits on the Sale of This Book Will Be Devoted to the Jewish National Fund THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY £;:*• it C G& \ 'Zj ' The person charging this material is re¬ sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN ! DUE: id-2 -CT18 ^ L161—0-1096 ■ t ZIONIST WORK IN PALESTINE The net profits on the sale of this book will be devoted to the Jewish National Fund. X I . UBRARY Of TMt HtttVMflTV Of U.IW»" DR. THEODOR HERZL. Founder of the Zionist Movement, 1860-J904. Frontispiece. ZIONIST WORK IN PALESTINE BY VARIOUS AUTHORITIES With a Foreword by DAVID WOLFFSOHN, President of the Zionist Organization AND TWENTY-FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS Edited by ISRAEL COHEN Published on behalf of the ZIONIST CENTRAL OFFICE T. FISHER UNWIN LONDON LEIPSIC Adelphi Terrace Inselstrasse 20 1911 Ckklz. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction. By the Editor . • lx Foreword. By David Wolffsohn (Cologne), • xi President of the Zionist Organization The Zionist Programme and Practical Work in Palestine .... *3 By Dr 0. Thon (Cracow) Palestine and other Countries . 21 3* By M. Ussischkin (Odessa) ro The Jewish National Fund 25 r> By Dr M. I. Bodenheimer (Cologne) Oo The Jewish Population of Palestine . 29 4 By Dr Lazar Grunhut (Jerusalem) * V* Vegetation in Palestine 43 By Prof. 0. Warburg (Berlin) u A University for Jerusalem 54 By Israel Abrahams (Cambridge) The Bezalel Institute . 58 By Prof. Boris Schatz (Jerusalem) ^_ The Hygienic Institute in Palestine 65 By Dr Hans Muhsam (Berlin) V, The Health Conditions of Palestine 73 By Dr Aaron Sandler (Breslau) Jewish Schools in Palestine 86 By Dr Jacob Thon (Jaffa) Women’s Work in Palestine 99 By Sarah Thon (Jaffa) Ik 1*2 V o f o o 1 jS._v.3 j it.*. VI CONTENTS PAGE Libraries in Palestine .... 106 By Dr Heinrich Loewe (Berlin) The Jewish Agricultural Experiment Station and its Programme . .114 By Aaron Aaronsohn (Jaffa) Credit in Palestine . .121 By D. Levontin (Jaffa) The Anglo-Palestine Company . .127 By Dr N. Katzenelsohn (Libau) The Return of the Jews to Agriculture . 137 By Dr Arthur Ruppin (Jaffa) The Renaissance of the Hebrew Language in Palestine . .143 By David Yellin (Jerusalem) The Work of the Chovevei Zion . 157 By Dr M. Glucksohn (Odessa) The Jewish Outlook in Palestine . 172 By Dr Elias Auerbach (Haifa) Appendix :— I. Prospects of Employment for Jewish Immi¬ grants . .182 II. The Jewish Colonies in Palestine . .194 III. A Zionist Chronology . .197 IV. Zionism and its Institutions . .198 V. The Jewish National Fund: Its Objects and Achievements . .203 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Dr Theodor Herzl .... Fro?itispiece Founder of the Zionist Organization, 1860-1904 TAGE Herr David Wolffsohn . xi President of the Zionist Organization Herr J. H. Kann . .20 Member of the Central Executive (Inner Actions Committee') Dr M. I. Bodenheimer . .25 Chairman of the fewish National Fund Caucasian Mountain Jews as Colonists . 40 Prof. Otto Warburg . .43 Member of the Central Executive {Inner Actions Committee) PIerzl Festival in the Bezalel . .58 Book Plate . 64 By Jacob Stark View of Tiberias 73 New Building of the Hebrew Gymnasium in the Jaffa Suburb Tel-Aviv, . .89 Lamel School in Jerusalem . .94 Children of the Kindergarten of the “ Hilfs- verein der Deutschen Juden” in Jerusalem, at Play ...... 99 A Corner in the Carpet Atelier of the Bezalel 105 vii Vlll LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGK Dr J. Chazanowicz . .109 Founder of the Jewish National Library in Jerusalem A House in Tel-Aviv, Jaffa . .114 Dr N. Katzenelsohn . .127 Chairman of the Anglo-Palestine Company Share Certificate of the Anglo-Palestine Company . .136 Vine Plantation in a Colony . .142 Cover Design of the “Judischer Almanach ” . 150 By Jacob Stark (Jerusalem) Young Colonists in Rishon le Zion . 157 Zichron Jacob Colony . .165 Herzl Street in Tel-Aviv . .172 Market in Rishon le Zion .... 182 Certificate of the Golden Book of the Jewish National Fund . .203 INTRODUCTION The articles contained in this volume have been selected from the special Palestine number of Die Welt, the central official organ of the Zionist Organization, which was issued last autumn. The flattering reception which that German publication received, not merely from Zionists but even from pronounced opponents of the Jewish nationalist movement, encouraged the hope that an English issue—even if on a slightly reduced scale—would meet with an equally cordial welcome. The necessity of such an issue must be patent to every¬ body in English-speaking countries who is interested in Zionism, and who knows how comparatively scanty the literature upon that subject is in English. The contri¬ butors to the Palestine number of Die Welt, which has been reprinted as an independent miscellany, are all authorities on the particular subject with which they deal, and the publication forms the first attempt to pre¬ sent in a comprehensive and authoritative form an account of the work already accomplished by Zionist efforts in Palestine and a forecast of the work to be accomplished. Zionism, like every idealist movement, suffers partly from the ignorance of those to whom it should appeal, and partly from the misrepresentations of those who wish to frustrate its appeal. The present work should help to dispel the ignorance and to correct the misre¬ presentations. All manner of fantastic legends have been circulated about Zionism planning to establish an independent state in Palestine and to settle all the Jews in the world there. What the real object of IX X INTRODUCTION Zionism is, the reader will find in the following pages. He will see that it is a peaceful movement of an ancient people to revive its national life and culture in the land of its forefathers. The task is involved in a multipli¬ city of difficulties—political and intellectual, social and hygienic, economic and financial—which will demand much time and labour, thought and money, before they are satisfactorily solved. What has already been done in this direction may perhaps appear little, but if one remembers that the practical colonization work of Zionism in the Holy Land was begun only eight years ago, that its resources are derived entirely from volun¬ tary contributions, that it is denied the wealth and influ- ence of the magnates of the Jewish community in every land, and that it has to fight against intrigue and op¬ position—that little becomes very large indeed. The progress of Zionism depends upon two main factors—the support accorded to it by Jews and the attitude adopted by the Ottoman Government. The relation between these two factors is much closer and finer than may at first sight be obvious. Jewish support is amenable to human influence, and the favour of the Ottoman Government is amenable to rational argument. Zionists are sufficiently serious about their ideal not to rest until they have secured both these factors on their side. It is in the belief that the struggle will be lightened by the dissemination of knowledge that this miscellany is issued to the English world. Thanks are due and cordially given to Mr and Mrs Paul Goodman, Mr Maurice Simon and Dr J. Snowman, for their collaboration in the translation of the articles in this volume. ISRAEL COHEN. Cologne, 7 th July 1911. Tamuz 11, 5671. OF THE of fwuhoif. HERR DAVID WOLFFSOHN. President of the Zionist Organisation. To face p. xi FOREWORD The present miscellany is the first of its kind in English. It is intended to serve as a compendium of information on Zionist work in Palestine for the English-speaking world in general and the Jewish section of that world in particular. Nothing is so striking in contempor¬ ary Jewish history as the migration of Jews from Eastern Europe to countries in which the English language and English culture hold sway. In character and in compass this migration rivals all other migratory movements of our people since the Middle Ages. It has led, in consequence, to the growth of vast communities in England, America, South Africa and Australia, where the atmosphere is quite different from that in the lands in which Jewry has dwelt and Judaism has thrived for nearly a thousand years. The principal characteristics of that atmosphere are freedom and enlightenment— factors that tend to religious indifference and social assimilation. But although those factors are active in greater or less degree, the national consciousness of the Jew is too deeply rooted to be easily shaken or expelled : on the contrary, it has found clear and forcible expression in every centre containing a large number of Jews. The prevalence of Zionism in the United States, with a Jewish population of nearly two millions, is but a natural phenomenon, and the same is the case with the United Kingdom, although its Jewish population is but an eighth of this number. What is really remarkable is the enthusiasm for the Jewish national cause shown by the comparatively new and small Jewish communities in Canada and South Africa. The Zionists in all these English-speaking countries have an advantage not shared by their brethren in other lands where our movement is numerically stronger. It consists in their absolute freedom — freedom to xi Xll FOREWORD associate and agitate for a noble cause, and freedom from those local harassings which distract Jewish life, not only in Russia and Roumania, but also in an appar¬ ently constitutional country like Galicia. Zionism is, indeed, progressing steadily and surely throughout Europe, despite local difficulties ; but in the New World and the British Colonies it has quite unique oppor¬ tunities for its unhindered advance.
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