Report T-574 of verglades National Park: A Preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants

Everglades National Park, South Resea rch Center, P.O. Box 279, Homestead, Florida 33030 PLANTS OF NATIONAL PARK

A Preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants

Report T -574

George N. A very and Lloyd L. Loope

U.S. Research Center Homestead, Florida 33030

January 1980 Avery, George N. and Lloyd L. Loope. 1980. Plants of Everglades National Park: A Preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants. South Florida Research Center Report T -574. 41 pp. PLANTS OF EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK

A Preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants

George N. A very and Lloyd L. Loope

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction • • • 1

Acknowledgements • 1

Summary of Symbols Used in List • 2

Checklist of Vascular Plants • • • 2

Addendum 1. Additional flora of Key Largo Ranger Station tract • 34

Addendum 2. Formerly cultivated exotic plants persisting in Royal Palm Hammock (Paradise K~y) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 35

Addendum 3. Exotic plants used in landscaping in the residential and maintenance areas at Pine Island • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 37

Addendum 4. Plants persisting from a former native nursery. • •• 39

Addendum 5. Exotic plant cultivated in the Flamingo area. 40

Addendum 6. Exotic plants persisting from cultivation at the observation tower area at the south end of the Shark Valley Loop Road...... 41 1

PLANTS OF EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK

A Preliminary Checklist of Vascular Plants

George N. Avery and Uoyd L. Loope

Introduction

This list is based upon specimens in the herbarium of Everglades National Park, located at the South Florida Research Center. Species which have been seen by the authors in Everglades National Park (ENP), but which are not currently represented by specimens from Everglades in the ENP herbarium, are designated by an asterisk (*). The list includes plant taxa occurring within the boundaries of ENP which are native or naturalized in South Florida. Naturalized exotic plant species are preceeded by the letter "E." Because of the difficulty of determining which ' weedy species are non-native, only those which are almost certainly exotic (based largely on range information. given in Long and Lakela's Flora of Tropical Florida (1976 edition), in Adams' Flowering Plants of Jamaica, or in Hitchcock and chase's Manual of the Grasses of the are so designated. Species occurring currently In cultivatIon or persIsting locally from past cultivation are not included, except for certain formerly cultivated species for which specimens exist in the ENP herbarium and which may persist in several locations (preceeded by the letter "C"). Additional information regarding the flora of Key Largo Ranger Station (outside the boundaries of Everglades National Park) and regarding cultivated exotic species occurring in specific localities is included in addenda.

Species are included if they have been collected in Everglades National Park even though they may have been extirpated. Species which have apparently disappeared from the flora of ENP include: caudata, Macradenia lutescens, carthagenense, Ophioglossum palmatum, and Rhipsans baccifera.

In order to facilitate use of this list with Long and Lakela's Flora of Tropical Florida, the name used by Long and Lakela is given in parentheses following our name in instances where our nomenclature diverges from that of their Flora. Species found in ENP which are not included in Long and Lakela are indicateOwiTh the letter "X."

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the crucial contribution of all those who have contributed to the herbarium of Everglades National Park during the past 25 years. Dr. F. C. Craighead, Sr., the most prolific contributor, deserves special mention. We wish to thank Dottie Anderson for particularly careful typing of this manuscript. Lois Granskog provided a useful review. 2

Summary of Symbols Used in List

* - Indicates no ENP specimen in ENP herbarium.

X - Indicates species is not listed in Long and Lakela (1976).

C - Indicates species persists from past cultivation.

E - Indicates plant is not native to South Florida.

Checklist of Vascular Plants

Pteridophytes and allies (Psilophytes, spike mosses, etc.)

ASPIDIACEAE * Tectaria heracleifolia (Willd.) Underw. Halberd Fern Tectaria lobata (Poir.) Morton Thelypteris augescens (Link) Munz & Johnst. Thelypteris mterru,ta (Willd.) Iwatsuki (T. ~) Thelypteris kunthii Desv.) Morton Wood Fern x Thelypteris ovata R. St. John Thelypterls 'DalliStris Schott Fern Thelypteris reptans J. F. Gmel.) Morton Creeping Fern Thelypteris retlculata (L.) Proctor Fern Thelypteris serrata (Cav.) Alston

ASPLENIACEAE

Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes ex D. C. Eat. Ebony Spleenwort

BLECHNACEAE

Blechnum serrulatum L. C. Rich. Swamp Fern

DA VALLIACEAE

Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott Sword Fern * Nephrolepis exaItata (L.) Schott Boston Fern XE Nephrolepis multiflora (Roxb.) Jarrett ex Morton 3

LOMARIOPSIDACEAE * Lomariopsis kunzeana (Presl ex Underw.) Holtt. Hollyleaf Fern

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE

Ophioglossum palmatum L. Hand Fern

OSMUNDACEAE

Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray Royal Fern

POLYPODIACEAE

Polypodium aureum L. (Phlebodium aureum) Golden Polypody Polypodium heterophyHum L. (Microgramma Fern . heterophy Ha) Polypodium phyllitidis L. (Campyloneurum Strap Fern phyllitidis) Polypodium plumula Humb. & Bonpl. ex WiHd. Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt Resurrection Fern * Polypodium triseriale Sw. (Goniophlebium triseriale)

- PSILOTACEAE

Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. Whisk-Fern

PTERIDACEAE

Acrostichum aureum L. Leather Fern Acrostkhum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch. Leather Fern * Adiantum melanoleucum Willd. Fragrant Maidenhair Fern Adiantum tenerum Sw. Maidenhair Fern Cheilanthes microphylla Sw. Lip Fern ' E Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R. Tryon (Trismeria trifoliata) Pteridiom aguilinum (L.) Kuhn var. caudatum Bracken (L.) Sadebeck Pteris longifolia L. var. bahamensis (Agardh) Ladder Brake Hieron. Pteris tripartita Sw. Giant Brake * Pteris vittata L. Chinese Brake Sphenomeris clavata (L.) Maxon 4

SAL VINIACEAE

Salvinia minima Bak. (S. rotundifolia) Water Fern

SCHIZAEACEAE

Anemia adiantifolia (L.) Sw. Pine Fern x Anemia wrightii Bak. * Schizaea germanii (Fee) Prantl (collected by Curly-grass J. K. Small in Royal Palm Hammock; not seen recently)

SELAGINELLACEAE

Selaginella eatonii Hieron. ex Small (S. armata) E Selaginella willdenovii (Desv.) Baker Peacock-fern

VITT ARIACEAE

Vittaria lineata (L.) Sm. Shoestring Fern

Gymnosperms

CYCADACEAE

Zamia pumila L. (Z. integrifolia) Coontie

PINACEAE

Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. densa South Florida Slash Pine --Little &: Dorman --

TAXODIACEAE

Taxodium ascendens Brogn. Pond Cypress distichum (L.) L. C. Rich. Bald Cypress

Monocotyledons

AGAVACEAE

E Agave sisalana Perrine Sisal-hemp * Agave decipiens Bak. False Sjsal 5

XCE Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L) Druce Bowstr ing -hemp (5. thyrsiflora) Yucca-aloifoha L. Spanish Bayonet

ALISMATACEAE

Sa ittaria lancifolia L. Arrowhead agl ttana stagnorum Small

AMARYLLIDACEAE

Crinum americanum L. Swamp-lily Aymenocalhs lattfolia (Mill.) Roem. Spider-lily Hymenocallis palmeri S. Wats. Alligator-lily x HypoxlS mlcrantha Pollard Star-grass

ARACEAE

*CE Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. aquatilis Taro Hassk. Peltandra vi(!fnica (L.) Schott & Endl. Green Arum CE SyngoOlum p ophyllum Schott Nephthytis

ARECACEAE

Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Paurotis Palm H. Wend!' ex Becc. Coccothrinax arfentata (Jacq.) L. H. Bailey Silver Palm *E Cocos nucifera • Coconut Palm * Ro~stonea elata (Bartr.) F. Harper Royal Palm Sa aI palmettO'1Walt.) Lodd. ex Schult. Cabbage Palm serenoa reKens (Bartr.) Small Saw Palmetto thrmax ra lata Lodd. ex Schult. IT. parviflora) Thatch Palm

BROMELIACEAE

Catopsis berteroniana (Schult.) Mez Catopsis flon6unda L. B. Sm. monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez tiIlandsla bat6islana Schult. TiIIandsia circmnata Schlechtend. TtIlandsia fasclculata Sw. Wild-pine tiIIandsla flexuosa Sw. IIIlandsla polystachia (L.) L. tlilandlSa recurvata (L.) L. Ball-moss 6

Tillandsia setacea S w. Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. Spanish-moss Tillandsia utriculata L. Giant Air-plant Tillandisa valenzuelana A. Rich.

BURMANNIACEAE

Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnh. Nodding Nixie

CANNACEAE

Canna flaccida Salisb. Golden Canna

COMMELINACEAE

Commelina diffusa Burm. f. Dayflower * Commelina erecta L. var. angustifolia (Michx.) Fern. Dayflower E Rhoeo spathacea (Sw.) Stearn Oyster-plant

CYMODOCEACEAE * Cymodocea filiformis (Kutz.) Correll Mana tee-grass Halodule beaudettei (den Hartog) den Hartog Shoal-grass (H. wrightH)

CYPERACEAE * Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral Cladium jamaicense Crantz Sawgrass articulatus L. Cyperus compress us L. Cyperus esculent us, L. Yellow Nut-grass * Cyperus globulosus Aubl. Cyperus haspan L. E Cyperus iria L. CE Cyperus L. Papyrus Cyperus pollardii Britt. Cyperus retrorsus Chapm. E Cyperus rotundus L. Purple nut-grass Cyperus surinamensis Rottb. Dichromena colorata (L.) Hitchc. White-top Sedge Dichromena floridensis Britt. ' Eleocharis caribaea (Rottb.) Blake Eleocharis cellulosa Torr. Spike-rush 7

* Eleocharis interstincta (Vah!) Roem. & Schult. Spike-rush Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roem. & Schult. Fimbristylis castanea (Michx.) Vahl E Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vah! E Fimbristylis s athacea Roth Hurr icane-grass Fuirena breviseta Cov.) COy. (F. squarrosai. Mariscus brunneus (Sw.) C. B. Clarke (Cyperus planifolius) Mariscus ligularis (L.) Urb. (Cyperus ligularis L.) Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) Beauv. (Cyperus polystachyos var. texensis) Pycreus pumilus (L.) Nees (Cyperus pumilus L.) Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) Gray Rhynchospora divergens Chapm. ex M. A. Curtis Rhynchospora inundata {Oakes) Fern. Rhynchospora microcar a B.aldw. ex Gray Rhynchospora miliacea Lam.) Gray Rhynchospora odor ata C. Wright ex Griseb. Rhynchospora tracyi Britt. Schoen us nigr icans L Scirpus robustus Pursh Scirpus validus Vahl Bulrush * Scleria ciliata Michx. * Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. Scleria vertic illata Muhl. Torulinium odoratum (L.) Hooper (Cyperus odoratus)

DIOSCOREACEAE

E Dioscorea bulbifera :L. Air-potato

ERIOCAULACEAE

Eriocaulon compressum Lam. Hat Pin

HY DROCHARITACEAE

* Halophila engelmannii Aschers. Gulf Sea-grass *E Hydrilla verticillata Royle Thalassia testudinum Konig Turtle-grass

IRIDACEAE

Sisyrinchium miamiense Bickn. Blue-eyed-grass

9

Encyclia boothiana (Lindl.) Dressler Dollar Orchid var. er thronioides (Small) Luer Encyclia cochleata L. Dressler var. Clamshell Orchid triandra (Ames) Dressler Encyclia tampensis (Lindl.) Small Butterfly Orchid Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. Night-blooming Orchid Epidendrum rigidum Jacq. * Erythrodes querceticola (Lindl.) Ames Eulophia alta (L.) Fawc. & Rendle Wild Coco * Galeandra beyrichii Reichb. f. Govenia utriculata Lind!. Habenaria odontopetala Reichb. f. Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) A. A. Eat. * Ionopsis utricularioides (Sw.) Lind!. * Macradenia lutescens R. Br. * Oncidium carthagenense (Jacq.) Sw. (collect~d by J. K. Small in 1916 and not seen since) Oncidium ensatum Lind!. (0. floridanum) Oncidium altissimum (Jacq.) Sw. CO. luridum) Pleurothallis gelida Lind!. - Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & Sweet (P. extinctor ia) * PonthIeva racemosa (Walt.) Mohr yare brittonae (Ames) Luer Spiranthes cernua (L.) L. C. Rich. var. ·odorata (Nutt.) Correll * Spiranthes costaricensis Reichb• . f. Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray Spring Ladies'-tresses Vanilla barbellata Reichb. f. Worm-vine Vanilla phaeantha Reichb. f. E Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schlecht.

POACEAE

Broomsedge Broomsedge Broomsedge

Arrowfeather Carpet Grass E 10

E Brachiaria mutica (Forsk.) Stapf Para Grass (Panicum purpurascens) Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitch. Signal Grass Cenchrus echinatus L. Sandspur Cenchrus gracillimus Nash Sandspur Cenchrus incertus M. A. Curtis Sandspur Cenchrus m osuroides HBK. E Chloris radiata L. Sw. Coelorachis rugos'( (Nutt.) Nash (Manisuris rugosa) Joint Grass E Cynodon dactylon ' L~) Pers. Bermuda Grass E Dactyloctenium ae tium (L.) Willd. Crowfoot Grass Dichanthelium aciculare Desv. ex Poir.) Gould &: Clark (Panicum fusiforme, P. neuranthum, P. inetorum) Dichanthelium commutatum Schult.) Gould (Panicum commutatum, ~. equilaterale, ~. jooru) Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould var. dichotomum (Panicum albomarginatum, ~. caerulescens, P. nitidum, P. roanokense) Dichanthelium leucoblepharis (Trin.) Gould &: Clark yare glabrescens (Griseb.) Gould &: Clark (Panicum polycaulon) E Dichanthium aristatum (Poir.) C. E. Hubbard E Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler Southern Crabgrass (D. adscendens) Digitana dolichophylla Henr. X Digitaria pauciflora Hitchc. XE Digitaria sed era. Roth Digitaria villosa Walt.) Pers. Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene Saltgrass E Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Jungle-rice Echinochloa crus alli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard Grass Echinochloa walter! Pursh) Heller E Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Goosegrass E Eragrostis atrovirens (Desv.) Trin. ex Steud. (E. nutans) E Eragrostis bahiensis Schrad. ex Schult. *XE Eragrostis barrelier i Daveau Mediterranean Lovegrass Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br. Gophertail Eragrostis elliottii ~. Wats. E Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. Centipede 'Grass' Erianthus giganteus (Walt.) Muhl. Sugarcane Plumegrass Eriochloa michauxii (Poir.) Hitchc. var. michauxii Cupgrass Eustachys glauca Chapm. (Chloris glauca) Fingergrass Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv. (Chloris petraea) Fingergrass x Heteropogon contortus (L.) Beauv. ex Roem. &: Schult. Tanglehead Hydrochloa caroliniensis Beauv. 11 E Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf. Imperata braSiliensis Trin. Silver-plume Lasiacis divarkata (L.) Hitchc. var. divaticata Wild Bamboo Leersia hexandra Sw. Southern Cutgrass Leptochloa dubia (HBK.) Nees Green Sprangletop Le~lochloa rascrcularis (Lam.) Gray E Me nis minutiflora Beauv. Molasses Grass Monanthochloe httoralis Engelm. Key Grass Muhlenbergia fill~:s M. A. Curtis Hairg~ass E Neraudia rernau lana (Kunth) Keng Burm~ Reed bplsmenus hlrtellus (L.) Beauv. subsp. Wood Grass setarius (Lam.) Mez (0. setarius) XE ~ry~a sativa L. - Rice amcum amarum Ell. (P. amarulum) Beachgrass Pankum bartowense sCribn. & Merr. Pankum dichotomiflorum Michx. Fall Panicum Pankum hemitomon Schult. Maidencane Panicum hlans £11. . E Panicum maximum Jacq. Guinea Grass Panicum rigidulum Nees (P. agrostoides) Pankum tenerum Beyr. - Panicum vlrgatum L. var. virgatum Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. var. cubense Griseb. PaspahdlUm geminatum (Forsk.) Stapf var. geminatum Paspalidium geminatum (Forsk.) Stapf var. ftaludivagum (P. paludivaftum) Paspa urn caespitosum FlUgge includes P. blodgettii Chapm.) PaspaI'Um conlu atum Bergius *E Paspatum tim natum9 HBK. Paspatum flondanum Michx. (P. giganteum) Paspalum monostachtum Vasey E Paspatum notatum FUgge Bahia Grass Paspatum saugetii Chase Paspatum setaceum Michx. var. ciliatifolium (Michx.) Vasey E Paspalum urvtllel Steud. Vasey Grass Paspatum va matum Sw. phragmites austra IS (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Reed XE polypogon mons el1ensis (L.) Desf. Rabbitfoot Grass E Rhynchelrtrum .repeT illd.) C. E. Hubbard Natal Grass E Rottboelha exaItata . f. Itchgrass Sacclolepls striata (L.) Nash Cupscale Schlzachyrium racile (Spreng.) Nash Schizachyrium r lzomatum (Swallen) Gould schizachyrium san umeum (Retz). Alston var. san umeum • semiberbe) Setaria chapmanll asey) PIIg. (Pankum ChapmaniD Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv.

• 12

Setaria macrosperma (Scribn. &: Merr.) K. Schum. Setaria magna Griseb. Giant Foxtail Sorghastrum secundum (Ell.) Nash Indian Grass CE Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (S. vulgare) Sorghum E Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Johnson Grass Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Spar tina bakeri Merrill Cordgrass Spartina patens (Ai.t.) Muhl. Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merrill ex Hitchc. Cordgrass Sporobolus domin ensis (Trin.) Kunth Sporobolus indicus L. R. Br. (S. poiretii) Smutgrass E Sporobolus ramidalis Beauv. var. jacquemontii Kunth) Jov. &: Gued. (S. indicus) Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth E Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze St. Augustine Grass dactyloides (L.) L. Gamagrass Tripsacum floridanum Porter ex Vasey Uniola aniculata L. Sea-oats E Zea mexicana Schrad.) Reeves &: Teosinte -- Mangelsd. (Euchlaena mexicana) XCE ZOYSia matrella (L.) Merrill Manila Grass

PONTEDERIACEAE

E Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms Water-Hyacinth Pontederia cordata L. var. lancifolia (Muhl.) Pickerel wee;d Torr. (~. lanceola'ta)

POTAMOGETONACEAE

Potamogeton illinoensis Morong Pondweed

RUPPIACEAE

Ruppia maritima L. Widgeon-grass

TYPHACEAE

Typha domingensis Pers~ Southern Cattail Typha latifolia L. Common Cattail

XYRIDACEAE

Xyris jupicai L. C. Rich. Yellow-eyed-grass 13

Dicotyledons

ACANTHACEAE

E Blechum brownei Juss. Dlch~tera assurgens (L.) Juss. False Mint Dysc oriste oblongifolia (Michx.) Kuntze var. angusta (Gray) R. W. Long Elytrana caroliniensis (J. F. Gmel.) Pers. var. angustlfolta (Fern.) Blake Justicia angusta (Chapm.) Small (J. ovata var. angusta) -- E Ruellia bnttomana Leonard emend. Fern. Ruellta carohmensls (J. F. Gmel.) Steud. subsp. carollmensls var. succulenta (Small) R. W. Long Ruellia caroliniensis (J. F. Gmel.) Steud. subsp. cihosa (Pursh) R. W. Long yare heteromorpha (Fern.) R. W. Long Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees var. floridanum Gray E thunbergla fragrans Roxb. White Thunbergia

ACERACEAE

Acer rubrum L. Red Maple

AIZOACEAE

Sesuvium maritimum (Walt.) BSP. SesuvlUm portUiacastrum (L.) L. Sea-purslane tnanthema portulacastrum L.

AMARANTHACEAE * Alternanthera hiloxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. Alligator-weed Alternanthera ramOSlSSlma Mart.) Chodat Amarat'lthus austrahs (Gray) Sauer Careless Amaranthus hybndus L. Pigweed EX Amaranthus hvidus L. E Amaranthus spmosus L. Celosia mtlda Yahl Iresine caneScens Humb. &: Bonpl. ex Willd. Philoxerus vermicularis (L.) Sm. Beach Carpet 14

ANACARDIACEAE

Metopium toxiferum (L.) Krug & Urb. Poisonwood Rhus copallina L. var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC. Southern Sumac E 'SCfiinus terebmthifolius Raddl Brazilian-pepper CE Spondias purpurea L. Hog-plum TOxIcOdendron radicans (L.) Kuntze subsp. radicans Poison-ivy

ANNONACEAE

Annona glabra L. Pond-apple

APIACEAE

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Er~nglUm tUCcifolium Michx. var. synchaetum Gray Hy rocoty e umbella ta L. Marsh Pennywort Hydrocotfe vertIc Illata Thunb. Marsh Pennywort oxmpolis lhformis (Wait.) Britt. Wafer Dropwort Pt immum capIllaceum (Michx.) Raf. Mock Bishop's-weed

APOCYNACEAE

An~adenia saf{aei (A. DC.) Miers (A. berterH) Ec ites umbe lata Jacq. var. umbe1T"ata Devil's Potato . Rhabdadema bIflora (Jacq.) Mue1!. Arg. Mangrove Rubber-vine CE Theve.!Ia peruviana (Pers.) K. 'Schum. Lucky-nut Urechites lutea (L.) Britt. var. lutea Wild Allamanda vaIlesia antmana Woodson - Pearl-Berry

AQUIFOLIACEAE

Hex cassine L. Dahoon Hex krugiana Loes~

ASCLEPIADACEAE * Asclepias curassavica L. AsclepIas incama ta t. subsp. incarna ta Swamp Milkweed AsclepIas lanceolata Walt. AsclepIas Ion dolIa Michx. AsclepIas t erosa • subsp. rolfsii (Britt.) Woodson Butterfly-weed AsclepIas vertIciIIata L. CE cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br. Palay Rubber-vine Cynanchum angustIiolium Pers. (.s. palustre) 15

Cynanchum blodgettii (Gray) Shinners ~nanchum scoparlum Nutt. Haimet-vine rcostemma clausum (Jacq.) Roem. &: Schult.

ASTERACEAE

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Ragweed Aster adnatus Nutt. Aster carohmanus Walt. (A. caroliniensis) Aster concolor L. var. simwatus (SmaIl) R. W. Long Aster dumosus L. var. sUbulaefolius T. &: G. Aster paJers Ait. Aster su u atus Michx. yare liftulatus Shinners Aster tenudohus L. var. ~hY us R. W. Long Bac'C11ans ~lomeruliflora ers. Groundsel- Baccharis aIlmdoha L. Groundsel-tree Bldens alba DC. var. radiata (Sch. Bip.) Spanish Needle Batrai-d ex Melchert (B. pilosa) Bidens laevis (L.) BSP. - Bol toniaaiH'usa Ell. Doll's Daisy Bornchla arborescens (L.) DC. Sea Ox-eye Borrichla frutescens (L.) DC. Sea Ox-eye Bornchla x cubana Britt. &: Blake Cacaha Ianceolata Nutt. yare lanceolata * CaIyptocarpus vlalls Less. Chaetaha dentata"'tt.) Cassini Sun-bonnet CirslUm horrldulum Michx. yare vittatum (Small) Thistle R. w. Long Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq • var. pusilla Dwarf Horseweed (Nutt.) Cronq. Coreopsis leavenworthii T. &: G. Tickseed Echpta prostrata {L.} L. (E. alba) EreChtltes hleracifolia (L:iRirvar. hieracifolia Fire weed Erigeron quercdohus Lam. Daisy Fleabane Eu atorlum capIihfollum (Lam.) Small Dog Fen~el upatonum coe!estInum L. , Mist- Eu atorlum frustratum B. L. Robins. u atonum leet0ph~l1um DC. Fennel ' u atonum mlkamoldes Chapm. Semaphore-plant u atonum odoratum L. u atonum recurvans Small u atonum serotInum Michx. upatonum villosum Sw. Flaverla Imearls Lag. Yellowtop Flavena tnnerVla (Spreng.) C. Mohr 16

Gnaphalium fa1catum Lam. (G. purpureum Cudweed var. falcatum) Helenium flexuosum .Raf. Purple Sneezeweed Helenium vernale Walt. Heterotheca graminifolia (Michx.) Shinners Silk-grass var. graminifolia Heterotheca raminifolia (Michx.) Shinners var. Silk-grass tracyi Small R. W. Long Hieracium gronovii L. Hawkweed Iva imbricata Walt. Beach-elder Iva microcephala Nutt. E Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd Wild Lettuce Liatris gracilis Pursh Blazing Star Liatris spicata (L.) WiUd. var. resinosa (Nutt.) Gaiser Blazing Star Liatris tenuifolia Nutt. var. tenuifolia Blazing Star Melanthera angustifolia A. Rich. Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) L. C. Rich. ex Spreng. var. aspera Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) L. C. Rich. ex Spreng. var. glabriuscula (Kuntze) Parks Melanthera arvifolia Small Mikania cordifolia L. f.) Willd. Climbing Hempweed Mikania scandens (L.) WiUd. Climbing Hempweed E Parthenium h stero horus L. Pectis leptocephala Cass.) Urb. Tea BUnkum * Pectis prostrata Cay. Pluchea odorata (L.) Casso (P. purpurascens) Marsh Fleabane Pluchea rosea R. K. Godfrey Pluchea symphytifolia (Mill.) Gillis (P. odorata) Bushy Fleabane *EX Pseudo-elephantopus spicatus (B. Juss. ex Albl.) Gleason Sachsia polycephala Griseb. (~. bahamensis) Senecio glabellus Poir. Butter-weed Solidago leavenworthii T. &: G. Goldenrod SOlidaf<0 odorata Ait. var. chapmanii Goldenrod Gray) Cronq. (S. chapmanH) SOlidafx0 sempervirens L. var. mexicana Goldenrod L.} Fern. Solidago stricta Ait. Goldenrod Sonchus asper (L.) Hill E Sonchus oleraceus L. Sow-thistle Spilanthes americana (Mutis) Hieron. *E Tridax procumbens L. Verbesina laciniata (Poir.) Nutt. Crownbeard Vernonia blod ettii Small E Vernonia cinerea L.) Less. E Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. E Youngia japonica (L.) DC. 17

AVICENNIACEAE

A vicennia germinans (L.) L. Black Mangrove

BASELLACEAE

*X vesicaria (Lam.) Gaertn. f.

BATACEAE

Batis maritima L. Saltwort

BORAGINACEAE

Bourreria cassinifolia (A. Rich.) Griseb. Bourreria ovata Miers Strongback Cordia lo1iOs'a(Jacq.) HBK. yare humilis (Jacq. I. M. Johnst. Cordia sebestena 1.. Geiger-tree Heliotropium angiospermum J. Murr. Dog's Tail HeJiotropium curassavicum L. Seaside Heliotrope E Heliotropium polyphYHum Lehm. yare leavenworthii Gray Tournefortia hirsutissima L. Tournefortia volubilis L.

BRASSICACEAE

E rapa L. Field Mustard Cakile ~. Sea Rocket XE Cardamine ens Ivanica Muhl. ex Willd. Bi tter-cress *XE Coronopus didymus L. Sm. Wart-cress E Erysimum cheiranthoides L. Wormseed-mustard XE Erucastrum ga1Jicum (WilJd.) Schulz Dog-M ustard * Lepidium virginicum L. Pepper-grass x Rorip~a palustris (L.) Besser subsp. glabra Marsh-cress O. E. Schultz) Stuckey var. fernaldiana (Butters &. Abbe) Stuckey

BURSERACEAE

Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarge Gumbo-Limbo 18

CACTACEAE

Cereus gracilis Mill. var. simpsonii (Small) Prickly-apple L.~enson * Cereus pentagonus (L.) Haw. Dildo *x 0puntla e6urmspma Small * Opuntla humIfusa (Raf.) Raf. (0. compressa) * 0puntla stncta Haw. var. dillerui Prickly-pear (Ker-Gawl.) L. Benson o~untia stricta Haw. ·var. stricta Prickly-pear R IpSatlS baccIlera (J. S. MIlI.) Stearn Mistletoe Cactus (not reported si,nce 1960)

CAMPANULACEAE

Lobelia glandulosa Walt. Swamp Lobelia

CANELLACEAE

Canella winterana (L.) Gaertn. !S. ~) Wild Cinnamon

CAPPARACEAE

Capparis ClnophallOPhora L. Jamaica Caper Capparis f exuosa (t.) t. Limber Caper

CAPRIFOLIACEAE

Sambucus canadensis L. ~ •.simpsonii) Elderberry

CARICACEAE

E Carica papaya L. Papaya

CARYOPHYLLACEAE

*E Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. West Indian Chickweed

CASUARINACEAE

E Casuarina litorea L. (C. equisetifolia) A ustr ali an-pine E Casuarlna glauca SieDer ex K. Spreng. Suckering A,ustralian-pine 19

CELASTRACEAE

Crossopetalum ilicifolium (Poir.) Kuntze Ground-holly Crossopetalum rhacoma Crantz Rhacoma May tenus. phyllanthoides Benth. Gutta-percha May ten

CERATOPHYLLACEAE

Ceratophyllum demersum L. Coontail

CHENOPODIACEAE

Atriplex arenaria Nutt. Beach Orach E Chenopodium album L. Lamb's Quarters Salicornia bigelovii Torr. Glasswort * SaHcornia virginica L. Glasswort Suaeda linearis (Ell.) Moq. Sea Blite

CHRYSOBALANACEAE

Chrysobalanus icaco L. Coco-plum Licania michauxii Prance Gopher-apple

CLUSIACEAE

XE Calophyllum calaba L. Santa-Maria

COMBRET ACEAE

CE Bucida buceras L. Black-oli ve Conocarpus erectus L. Buttonwood Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f. White Mangrove CE Terminalia catappa L. Indian-almond

CONVOLVULACEAE

*XE Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. var. repens Hedge Bindweed (L.) Gray Cuscuta campestris Yuncker Evolvulus convolvuloides (Willd.) Stearn (E. glaber) Evolvulus sericeus Sw. yare glaberrimus Robins. Evolvulus sericeus Sw. yare sericeus alba L. Moon-flower E (L.) Jacq. 20

Ipomoea hederifolia L. (Burm.) Merrill Q. acuminata) Morning-glory Ipomoea mlcrodactyla Griseb. Man-in-the-ground Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. Railroad Vine E L. Cypress-vine Poir. Ipomoea tenuissm'ia Choisy Ipomoea tricfiocarpa Ell. Ipomoea trilo6a L. lac emontla pentantha (Jacq.) G. Don acguemontla curtissll Peter ex Hall. f.

CRASSULACEAE

XE Kalanchoe' tubiflora (Harv.) Hamet Chandelier-plant

CUCURBITACEAE

Melothria pendula L. var. asperi Cogn. Creeping Cucumber Melotfiria ltndula L. var. craSSl olia Creeping Cucumber {Sma U Cogn. Momordica charantia L. Wild Balsam-apple

EBENACEAE

Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon

ELAEOCARPACEAE

E Muntingia calabura L. Strawberry-tree

EU PHORBIACEAE

Acalypha chamaedrifolia (Lam.) Muell. Arg. ACaly~fia ostrsifoha Riddell Argyt amnialo8gettii (Torr.) Chapm. Ateramnus lucidus (Sw.) Rothm. (Gymnanthes lucida) Crabwood *E BisChofia javanica Bl. Bishop-wood Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) St. Hi!. Cfiamaesyce adenoptera (Bertoloni) Small subsp. pergamena (Small) Burch Chamaesyce 6loCfgettii (Engelm. ex Hitchc.) Small Cfiamaesyce conferta Small 21

Chamaesyce garbefi (Engelm. ex Chapm.) Small * Chamaesyce hirta L.) Millsp. Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp. * Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small Chamaesyce mesembryanthemifolia (Jacq.) Dugand Seaside Spurge· E Chamaesyce opthalmica (Pers.) Burch Chamaesyce pinetorum Small Chamaesyce porteriana Small var. porteriana Cnidoscolus stimulosus (Michx.) Engelm. &: Gray Spurge-nettle Croton arenicola Small (C. glandulosus) Croton linear is Jacq. Drypetes lateriflora (Sw.) Krug &: Urb. ' Guiana-plum Euphorbia trichotoma HBK. Hippomane mancinella L. Manchineel CE Manihot esculenta Crantz Tapioca-plant * Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. Gale-of-wind Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt. subsp. saxicola (Small) Webster Phyllanthus pentaphyllus C. Wright ex Griseb. subsp. pentaphyllus var. floridanus Webster * Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb. Poinsettia cyathophora (J. Murr.) KI. &: Gke. Wild Poinsettia * Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Kl. &: Gke. Poinsettia pinetorum Small Stillingia aqua tica Chapm. Corkwood Stil1in~ia sylvatica L. subsp. tenuis Queen's-root Small) D. J. Rogers Tragia saxicola Small

FABACEAE

E Abrus precatorius L. Rosary-pea Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. Sweet Acacia Acacia pinetorum Hermann - Aeschynomene americana L. var. americana Shy- Aeschynomene raterisis Small var. pratensis E Albizia lebbeck L. Benth. Woman's Tongue *E Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. Alice-clover Apios americana Medic. Groundnut E Bauhinia purpurea L. Orchid~ tree Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Gray Nicker-bean Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. Beach-bean * Cassia asperaMuhl. ex Ell. Cassia chapmanii Isely Bahama Senna Cassia deeringiana (Small &: Penn.) Macbr. CE Cassia fistula L. Golden Shower Cassia ligustrina L. Cassia obtusifolia L. Sickle-pod 22

Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth. Butterfl y-pea E Crotalar ia incana L. Crotalaria pumila Ortega Crotalaria rotundifolia (Walt.) Rabbi t-bells J.F. Gmel. (C. maritima) E Crotalaria s ectabilis Roth Showy Rattlebox Dalbergia brownei Jacq.) Urb. Dalbergia ecastophyllum (L.) Taub. Coin-vine Dalea cartha inensis (Jacq.) Macbr. subsp. --domin ensis DC.) Clausen *CE Delonix regia Boj. ex Hook.) Raf. (Poinciana regia) Royal Poinciana Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. var. depressus (Humb. de Bonr:l.) B. L. Turner Desmodium canum J. F. Gmel.) Schinz de Thell. Beggar-ticks * Desmodium cHiare (Muhl. ex Will d.)· DC. Desmodium lineatum DC. *E Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. * Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Erythrina herbacea L. Coral-bean Galactia parvifolia A. Rich. Galactia pinetorum Small Galactia s iciformis T. de G. Galactia volubHis L.) Britt. Indigofera miniata Ortega Scarlet-pea E Indigofera spicata Forsk. (I. endecaphylla) Creeping Indigo E Leucaena leucoce hala (Lam.) de Wit Jumbie-bean Lysiloma latisiliguum L.) Benth~ Wild Tamarind E MacroptHium lathyroides (L.) Urb. (Phaseolus lathyroides) E Medicago lupulina L. Black Medik E Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa E Melilotus alba Desr. Sweet-clover Neptunia ubescens Benth. var. pubescens Piscidia piscipula L.) Sarge Jamaica Dogwood Pithecellobium guadalupense (Pers.) Chapm. Black-bead Pithecellobium unguis-cati (L.) Benth. Cat's-claw Rhynchosia cinerea Nash Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. Rhynchosia parvifolia DC. Rhynchosia reniformis (Pursh) DC. Sesbania macrocarra Muhl. ex Nutt. Dangle-pod E Sesbania vesicariaJacq.) Ell. (Glottidium vesicaria) Sophora tomentosa L. Necklace-pod Stylosanthes calcicola Small * Stylosanthes hamata (L.) Taub. Tephrosia florida (F. G. Dietr.) C. E. Wood E Trifolium repens L. White Clover Vicia acutifolia Ell. Sand Vetch * Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. 23

FAGACEAE

Quercus laurifolia Michx. Laurel Oak Quercus virginiana Mill. var. virginiana Live Oak

GENTIANACEAE

Eustoma exaltatum (L.) Griseb. Seaside Gentian Leiphaimos parasitica Schlecht. &: Cham. Ghost-plant Nymphoides aguatica (J. F. Gmel.) Kuntze Floating-hearts Sabatia grandiflora (Gray) Small Marsh-pink Sabatia stellaris Pursh

GERANIACEAE

Geranium carolinianum L. Cranesbill

GOODENIACEAE

Scaevola plumieri (L.) Vahl Beach-berry

HALORAGACEAE

Proserpinaca palustris L. yare palustris Mermaid-weed

HIPPOCRATEACEAE

Hippocra tea volubilis L.

HYDROPHYLLACEAE

Hydrolea corymbosum Macbr. ex Ell. Sky-flower

HYPERICACEAE

Hypericum brachyphyUum (Spach) Steud. Hypericum cistifolium Lam. Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz St. Andrew's Cross yare hypericoides Hypericum tetrapetalum Lam. 24

LAMIACEAE

Hyptis alata (Raf.) Shinners var. stenophylla Shinners E Hyptis mutabilis (L. C. Rich) Brig. var. spicata (Poit.) Brig. XE Hyptis spicigera Lam. E Leonotis nepetaefolia (L.) R. Br. Lion's-ear Ocimum micranthum Willd. Wild Basil X Salvia setosa Fern. Scutellaria havanensis Jacq. Skullcap XEStachys floridana Shuttlew. Teucrium .canadense L. var. hypoleucum Griseb. Wood-sage Trichostema suffrutescens Kearney Blue-curls

LAURACEAE

Cassytha filiformis L. Love-vine Nectandra coriacea (Sw.) Griseb. Lancewood CE Persea americana Mill. var. americana Avocado Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. Red-:obay

LENTIBULARIACEAE Pinguicula pumila Michx. Butterwort Utricularia biflora Lam. Bladderwort Utricularia cornuta Michx. Utricularia foliosa L. Bladderwort Utricularia purpurea Walt. Utricularia radiata Small (U. inflata var. minor) - UtricUIarIa resupinata Greene Utricularia subulata L.

LINACEAE Unum carteri Small var. smallii Rogers Unum medium (Planch.) Britt. var. texanum (Planch.) Fern.

LOASACEAE

Mentzelia floridana Nutt. Poor-man's-patches 25

LOGANIACEAE

Cynoctonum mitreola (L.) Britt. Mitrewort * Cynoctonum sessihfollum (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. Polypremum procumbens L. Rust-weed Spigeha anthelmIa_L. Worm-grass

LYTHRACEAE Ammannia coccinea Rottb. Ammannia latifoHa L. E Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) Macbr. Lythrum alatum Pursh var. lanceolatum Loosestrife (ElI.) T. & G. ex Rothrock Lythrum lineare L. Loosestrife

MAGNOLIACEAE

Magnolia virginiana L. Sweet-bay

MALPIGHIACEAE

Byrsonima lucida (Mill.) DC. Locust-berry

MALVACEAE

Abutilon permolle (Willd.) Sweet Indian Mallow Gossypium hirsutum L. Wild Cotton Herissantia cY,sEa (l.) Briz. ran I orus Michx. Swamp Hibiscus HIbiscus pI osus w. Fawc. &: Rendle CE Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. CE HibIscus sChizopetalus (Mast.) Hook. f. Fringed Hibiscus Rosteletzkya depressa O. Blanchard, Fryx., & Bates (K. ~ntasterma) Kosteletzkra Vir iTUca ( 0) Presl ex Gray Salt-marsh Mallow Malachra a cel 0 la acq. Malvastrum corchorifolium (Desr.) Britt. False Mallow Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. var. mexicanus Schlechter Turk's Cap Pavoma splcata Cav. Mangrove Mallow Sida acuta Burm. f. Wire-weed E srcra corcmolia L. srcra elliotth T. &: G. E TFleSpesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa Cork-tree E Urena lobata L. Cae sar 's-weed 26

MELASTOMA T ACEAE

Tetrazygia bicolor (Mill.) Cogn. Spanish Leather

MELIACEAE

Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. Mahogany

MORACEAE

Ficus aurea Nutt. Strangler Fig Ficus C'Itrifolia Mill. Shortleaf Fig MOrUs rubra L. Red Mulberry

MYRICACEAE

Myrica cerifera L. Wax-myrtle

MYRSINACEAE

Ardisia escallonioides Schlecht. & Cham. Marlberry Ardisia solanacea Roxb. Shoebutton Ardisia Myrsine floridana A. DC. (M. guianensis)

MYRTACEAE

XCE Callistemon viminalis (Soland. ex Gaertn.) Cheel Weeping Bottlebrush Calyptranthes pallens Griseb. var. pall ens Spicewood Calyptranthes zuzygium (L.) Sw. Myrtle-of- the-r iver Eugenia axillaris (Sw.) Willd. White Stopper Eugenia foetida Pers. Spanish Stopper E Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake Cajeput Myrcianthes fra rans (Sw.) MCVaugh var. Simpson Stopper simpsonii Small) R. W. Long E Psidium ~uajava L. Guava Psidiumongipes (Berg) McVaugh var. Long-stalked Stopped longipes (Myrtus verrucosa)

NYCTAGINACEAE

E Boerhavia diffusa L. Red Spider ling Guapira discolor

NYMPHAEACEAE

Cabomba caroliniana Gray Fanwort CE Nelumbo nucIfera Gaertn. Sacred Lotus Nupfiar luteum (t.) Sibth. & Sm. subsp. Spatterdock maCrO~hYllUm (Small) Beal Nymphaea e egans Hook. Blue Water-lily Nymphaea odorata Ait. yare gigantea Tricker White Water-lily

OLACACEAE

sChoegfia ChrtSOph~lloides (A. Rich.) Gray twig lanch.S. sc rebert) Ximenia americana t. Tallowwood

OLEACEAE

Forestiera segref:ata (Jacq.) Krug & Urb. yare tmetorumSmaIO M. C. Johnst. Foresiera segregata (Jacq.) Krug & Urb. Flor ida-privet yare segre&ata ,- Fraxinus carohmana Mill. Pop Ash E jasmmum sambac (L.) Ait. Arabian Jasmine

ONAGRACEAE

Gaura angustifolia Michx. Ludwlgla alata E1I. Ludwlgla curtlSsii Chapm. Ludwlgla erecta (L.) Hara Ludwlgla mlcrocarpa Michx. Ludwigia octovalvls (Jacq.) Raven subsp. octovalvis Ludwigia erUVlana (L.) Hara Primrose-willow Ludwlgla repens orst. X Ludwlgla sImpsonii Chapm. X Ludwlgla spathulitolia Small

OXALIDACEAE

*E Oxalis corniculata L. Creeping Sour grass XE Oxahs mtermedla A. Rich.

PAPAVERACEAE

Argemone mexicana L. Prickly Poppy 28

PASSIFLORACEAE

Passiflora pallens Poepp. ex Mast. Passiflora sexflora Juss. PassIilora sUberosa L. Corky-stem Passion-flower

PHYTOLACCACEAE

Phytolacca pgi2a Small Pokeweed RIVIna huml IS • Rouge-plant

PIPERACEAE * Peperomia floridana Small Peperomia questeliana Stehle de Trel. (P. humlhs) PeperOrrua o6tusifolia (L.) Dietr.

PLANTAGINACEAE

E Plantago major L. Plantain

PLUMBAGINACEAE

Limonium carolinianum (Walt.) Britt. Marsh-rosemary var. carohmanum Plumbago scandens L.

POLYGALACEAE

Polygala balduinii Nutt. yare carteri (Smail) SmIth de Ward Polygala ~rfi Nutt. va,. boykinli * Polygata InIl Nutt. yare sparsifolia Wheelock Polygala ran lora Walt. yare angustlfolia T. de G. Polygata Incarnata • Procession-flowe r

POLYGONACEAE

Coccoloba diversifolia Jacq. Pigeon-plum coccoloba uvifera (L) L. Sea-grape Polygonum densIilorum Meissn. Polygonum hydro~lperoides Michx. E Polygonum lapat Ifolium L. Polygonum punctatum En. 29

PORTULACACEAE

E Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane Portulaca pilosa L. Pink Purslane Portulaca rubricaulis HBK. (P. phaeosperma) E Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.

PRIMULACEAE

XE AnagaUis arvensis L. Pimpernel ebracteatus HBK. Samolus parviflorus Raf. Water-Pimpernel

RANUNCULACEAE

Clematis baldwinii T. & G. var. baldwinii Pine-hyacinth

RHAMNACEAE

Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch Rattan-vine Colubrina arborescens (Mill.) Sarge E Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn. Colubrina cubensis (Jacq.) Brongn. var. floridana M. C. Johnst. Krugiodendron ferreum (Vah!) Urb. Black Ironwood

RHIZOPHORACEAE

Rhizophora mangle L. Red Mangrove

ROSACEAE

Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb. West-Indian Cherry

RUBIACEAE

Casasia dusiifolia (Jacq.) Urb. Seven-year-apple Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Buttonbush Chiococca alba {L.} Hitchc. Snowberry Chiococca -arvifolia Wullschl. ex Griseb. Snowberry (C. pinetorum Diodia virginiana L. Buttonweed Erithalis fruticosa L. Black Torch Ernodea littoralis Sw. var. angusta (Small) R. W. Long 30

Ernodea littoralis Sw. yare littoralis Galium hispidulum Michx. * Galium obtusum Bigel. var. floridanum (Wieg.) Fern. Guettarda elli tica Sw. Vel vet-seed Guettarda scabra L.) Vent. Rough Velvet-seed Hamelia patens Jacq. Firebush * Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. Hedyotis nigricans (Lam.) Fosb. yare filifolia (Chapm.) Shinners Mor inda royoc L. Cheese- Pentodon pentandrus (Schum. &: Thonn.) Vatke Psychotria nervosa Sw. Wild Coffee Psychotr ia sulzner i Smail Wild Coffee Randia aculeata L. Indigo-berry Spermacoce assurgens Ruiz &: Pay. (Borreria laevis) Spermacoce prostrata Aubl. (Borreria ocimoi~ Spermacoce tetraquetra A. Rich. Spermacoce verticillata L. (Borreria terminalis)

RUTACEAE

CE Citrus aurantium L. Sour Orange *CE Citrus x limonium Osbeck Rangpur Lime *CE Citrus x paradisi Macf. Grapefruit CE Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Sweet Orange Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarge Wild Lime

SALICACEAE

Salix caroliniana Michx. Willow

SAPINDACEAE

Cardiospermum corindum L. Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Balloon-vine * Cardiospermum microcarpum HBK. (C. halicacabum) DOdonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. yare linear is Varnish-leaf (Harv. &: Sond.) Sherff Exothea paniculata (Juss.) Radlk. Inkwood Hypelate trifollata Sw. White Ironwood CE Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. Spanish-lir:ne Sapindus saponar ia L. Soapberry

SAPOTACEAE

Bumelia celastr ina HBK. Saffron-plum Bumelia reclinata (Michx.) Vent. yare reclinata 31

Bumelia salicifolia (L.) Sw. (Dipholis salicifolia) Willow Bustic ChrysophyUum oliviforme L. Satinleaf Manilkara bahamensis (Bak.) Lam & Meeuse Wild Dilly Mastichodendron foetidissimum (Jacq.) Mastic H. J. Lam

SAURURACEAE

Saururus cernuus L. Lizard's Tail

SCROPHULARIACEAE

Bacopa caroliniana (Walt.) B. L. Robins. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Penn. Buchnera floridana Gand. Blueheart Capraria biflora L. Goat-weed Conobea multifida (Michx.) Benth. Gerardia harperi (Penn.) Penn. (Agalinis harperi) Gerardia linifolia Nutt. (A alinis linifolia) Gerardia maritima Raf. Agalinis maritima) Gerardia purpurea L. (Agalinis purpurea) False Foxglove Gratiola ramosa Walt. Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Blue Toadflax E Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell. XE Mazus pumilus (Burm. f.) Steenis Mecardonia acu01inata (Walt.) Small Mecardonia vandellioides (HBK.) Penn. (M. procumbens) Scoparia dulcis L. Sweet Broom XE Stemodia durantifolia (L.) Sw. XE Veronica peregrina L. Neckweed

SIMAROUBACEAE

Alvaradoa amorphoides Liebm. Simarouba glauca DC. Paradise-tree

SOLANACEAE

Capsicum ann4um L. var. Bird Pepper ~labriusculum (Donal) Heiser & PickersgiU C. annuum var. minimum) Lyciumcaroliniaflum Walt. Christmas-berry Physalis angulata L. var. angulata Physalis viscosa L. var. elliottii (Kunze) Waterfall Ground-cherry 32

Solanum americanum Mill. Nightshade Solanum bahamense L. Solanum donianum Walp. (S. blodgettii) Solanum erianthum D. Don Potato-tree Solanum nigrescens Mart. & Gal. (S. ottonis) Black Nightshade

STERCULIACEAE (BYTTNERIACEAE)

Ayenia euphrasiifolia Griseb. E Walther ia indica L.

SURIANACEAE

Suriana maritima L. Bay-cedar

THEOPHRASTACEAE

Jacquinia keyensis Mez Joe-wood

TILIACEAE

E Corchorus hirtus L. (C. orinocensis) E Corchorus SIIICj'UosusT. E Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq. • Burweed

TURNERACEAE

Piriqueta caroliniana (Walt.) Urb. var. glabra (DC.) Urb. Piriqueta caroliniana (Walt.) Urb. var. tomentosa Urb. E Turnera ulmifolia L. var. ulmifolia Yellow-alder

ULMACEAE

Celtis laevigata Willd. Hackberry * Trema lamarckianum (Roem. & Schult.) Bl. Trema micranthum (L.) Bl.

URTICACEAE

Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. var. Button-hemp drummondiana (Wedd.) Wedd. floridana Nutt. Pellitory Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. Lace-plant 33

VERBENACEAE

Callicarpa americana L. Beauty-berry Clthare~lum frutlcosum L. Fiddlewood E clerodenrum speclOsisSlmum Van Geert Java Glory-bower ex c. Morr. Lantana camara L. Lantana depressa Small (L. ovatifolia yare reclinata) Lantana involucra ta L. - Wild Sage E Lantana montevldensis, (Spreng.) Briq. Lantana ovatifoha Britt. (L. ovatifolia var. ovatifolia) ~Wfa noddlora (t.) Greene <£i,ra nodiflora) Creeping Charlie ~ stoechadifolia (L.) Sm ~la stoechadifolia) 'S'ta'Cl1ytarpfieta Jamaicensis (L.) V Blue Porterweed XE Verbena braSIlienSIS VeIl. Verbena maritIma Small Verbena scabra Vahl

VITIDACEAE (VITACEAE)

Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Rusby Pepper-vine cissus slcyoides t. Possum Grape cis sus trifohata L. Sorrel-vine Parthenocissus ~UinqUefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia-creeper VltlS aestivalis ichx. Summer Grape VltlS munsomana Simps. (V. rotundifolia) vms shuttleworthii House Grape 34

Addendum 1. Additional flora of Key Largo Ranger Station tract.

The following species have been noted within the 14 acre tract of National Park Service land at the Key Largo Ranger Station, and nowhere else in Everglades National Park. The tract is partly tropical har~wood hammock, not in mature condition, and partly a grassy clearing facing Florida Bay.

Amyris elemifera L. Rutaceae Torchwood Chamaesyce mendezii (Boiss.) Millsp. Euphorbiaceae Colubrina elliptica (Sw.) Briz. c5c Stern Rhamnaceae Naked-wood Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman Sour grass Drypetes diversifolia Krug c5c Urb. Euphorbiacea~ Milkbark Exostema caribaea (Jacq.) Roem. c5c Schult. Rubiaceae Princewood Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb. Rhamnaceae Chew-stick Passiflora multiflora L. Passifloraceae Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers. Verbenaceae Velvet-bur Schaefferia frutescens Jacq. Celastraceae Florida Boxwood 35

Addendum 2. Formerly cultivated exotic plants persisting in Royal Palm Hammock (Paradise Key).

Some of the plants in this category are listed in the main body of the checklist: also, there is overlap between names on this addendum and names on Addenda 3, 5, and 6.

Archontophoenix alexandrae (F. J. Muell.) Arecaceae Alexandra Pal"m H. Wend!. &: Drude Bauhinia ~. Fabaceae Orchid-tree pyramidalis (Sims) Lind!. Foolproof-plant Bucida buceras L. Combretaceae Black-olive Calophyllum calaba L. Clusiaceae Santa-Maria Cassia fistula L. Fabaceae Golden Shower Cereus unda tus Haw. Cactaceae Night-blooming Cereus Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wend!. Arecaceae Yellow Palm Citrus aurantium L. Rutaceae Sour Orange Citrus x limonia Osbeck Rutaceae Rangpur Lime Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Rutaceae Sweet Orange Clerodendrum speciosissimum Vc;ln Geert ex Verbenaceae Java Glory- C. Moor bower Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. var. pictum Euphorbiaceae Croton (Lodd.) Muell. Arg. Cyperus alternifolius L. Umbrella-plant Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf. Fabaceae Royal Poinciana Dioscorea bulbifera L. Dioscoreaceae Air-potato Epipremnum innatum (L.) Engl. cv. 'Aureum' Pothos Eriobotrya japonica Thunb.) Lind!. Rosaceae Loquat Eugenia uniflora L. Myrtaceae Surinam-cherry Ficus altissima Bl. Moraceae Banyan-tree Ficus benjamina L. Moraceae Weeping Fig Ficus microcarpa L. f. Moraceae Laurel Fig Furcraea cabuya Trel. Agavaceae C. Amer. Sisal Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. 'Plenus' Double Hibiscus Latania lontaroides (Gaertn.) H. E. Moore Arecaceae Red Latan Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A. Gentry Bignoniaceae Cat's-claw Creeper Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Mango Manilkara zapota (L.) Van Royen Sapotaceae Sapodilla Monstera deliciosa Liebm. Araceae Ceriman Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Nymphaeaceae Sacred Lotus Nephrolepis hirsutula (Forst.) C. Presl cv. Davalliaceae Petticoat Fern 'Superba' Nymphaea capensis Thunb. var. zanzibariensis Nymphaeaceae Cape Blue

Persea americana Mill. var. americana Lauraceae Avocado Phoenix reclma ta Jacq. Arecaceae Senegal Date Palm Ravenala mada ascariensis Sonn. Streli tziaceae Traveler's-tree Rhoeo spat acea w. tearn Commelinaceae Oyster-plant Russella equisetiformis Schlecht. & Cham. Scrophular iaceae Fountain-plant selagmella willdenovll.(Desv.) Bak. Selaginellaceae Peacock-fern selemcereus pteranthus (Link & Otto) Britt. Cactaceae Snake Cactus & Rose Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman Arecaceae Queen Palm Syngomum ~oph£lum Schott Araceae Nephthytis SyzYtllum Ja: os ( .J Alston Myrtaceae Rose-apple Termmalia catappa L. Combretaceae 'Indian-almond Thunbergla fra rans Roxb. Acanthaceae White Thunbergia veitchia merr 11 ecc.) H. E. Moore Arecaceae Christmas Palm Washingtonia robusta H. Wend!. Arecaceae Desert Palm 37

Addendum 3. Exotic plants used in landscaping and maintenance in the residential areas at Pine Island. Some of these names may also be found on the primary checklist.

Acalypha wilkesiana Muell. Arg. cv. Euphorbiaceae 'Godseffiana' Acalypha wilkesiana Muell. Arg. cv. Euphorbiaceae Copper-leaf 'Macafeeana' Araucaria columnaris (G. Forst.) Hook. Araucar iaceae Cook Pine Bauhinia ~. Fabaceae Orchid-tree Bougainvillea glabra Choiry Nyctaginaceae Paper-flower Brassaia actinophylla End!. Araliaceae Queensland U mbrella-tree Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) DC. Apocynaceae Natal-plum Cestrum nocturnum L. Solanaceae Night-blooming Jessamine . Clusia rosea L. Clusiaceae Pitch-apple Cocos ffiiCIfera L. Arecaceae Coconut Palm Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Bl. var. pictum Euphorbiaceae Croton (Lodd.) Muell. Arg. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) Goepp. Agavaceae Ti Crinum latifolium L. var. zeylanicum (L.) Amaryllidaceae Milk-and-wine Hook. f. ex Trimen Lily Cycas circinalis L. Cycadaceae Sago-plum Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf. Fabaceae Royal Poinciana Eriobotrya japonica (Thurb.) Lind!. Rosaceae Loquat Euphorbia milii Desmonl. Euphorbiaceae Crown-of-thorns Ficus benjamina L. Moraceae Weeping Fig Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. cv. 'Decora' Moraceae India Rubber-tree GreVillea robusta A. Cunn. Proteaceae Silk-oak Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Malvaceae Hibiscus Hyophorbe verschaffeltii H. Wendl. Arecaceae Spindle Palm Ixora coccinea L. Rubiaceae Ixora RaIa"nchoe daigremontiana Hamet & Perr. Crassulaceae Devil's-backbone Ligustrum . a onicum Thunb. Oleaceae Japanese Privet Livistona chinensis Jacq.) R. Br. ex Mart. Arecaceae Chinese Fan Palm Manilkara zapote (L.) Van Royen Sapotaceae Sapodilla Monstera deliciosa Liebm. Araceae Ceriman Musa acuminata Colla cv. 'Dwarf Cavendish' Musaceae Dwarf Banana PedTIanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. subsp. Euphorbiaceae Redbird-flower smallii (Millsp.) Dressl. cv. 'Variegatus' Persea americana Mill. var. americana Lauraceae Avocado domesticum Bunt. Araceae Spade-leaf Philodendron Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien Arecaceae Pygmy Date Palm Plumeria rubra L. forma acutifolia (Poir.) Apocynaceae Frangipani Woodson- 38

Poinsettia pulcherrima (Willd. ex Klotsch) Euphorbiaceae Poinsettia R. c. Grah. Poly scias guilfOtlei (Bull) L. H. Bailey Araliaceae Aralia ptychosperma e egans (R. Br.) Bl. Arecaceae Soli taire Palm Rosa~. Rosaceae Rose setcreasea paWd( Rose Commelinaceae Purple Queen WrglUm Jam os L.) Alston Myrtaceae Rose-apple nnax radiata Lodd. ex Schult. Arecaceae Thatch Palm VeltChia merriilii (Becc.) H. E. Moore Arecaceae Christmas Palm 39

Addendum 4. Plants persisting from a former native plant nursery.

The following two species, both native to a few hammocks of south Florida, are present in an unnamed hammock on Parachute Key. It is believed that these two species are relics of a former nursery in the hammock.

Eugenia confusa DC. Myrtaceae Redberry Stopper Picramnia prentandra Sw. Simaroubaceae Bitter-bush 40

Addendum 5. Exotic plant species cultivated in the Flamingo area at the ranger station, motel complex, and residential compound.

~ft)av7 americana L. Agavaceae Century-plant lZla lebbeck (L.) Benth. . Fabaceae Woman's Tongue Araucaria columnaris (G. Forst.) Hook. Araucariaceae Cook Pine Asparagus densdlorus (Kunth.) Jessup cv. Liliaceae Asparagus-fern 'Sprengen' Bucida buceras L. Combretac Black-olive Carissa macrocar a (Eckl.) DC. Apocynaceae Natal-plum Cereus erUVlanus .) Mill. Cactaceae Hedge Cactus Chamae orea sel ritzii Burret Arecaceae Reed Palm Chrysahdocarpus lutescens H. Wend!. Arecaceae Yellow Palm CItrus aurantufolla (Christm.) Swingle Rutaceae Lime dusea rosea L. Clusiaceae Pitch-apple Cocos n"Li'Ci'rera L. Arecaceae Coconut Palm Corayline frutlcosa (L.) Goepp. Agavaceae Ti §ycas circinalis L. Cycadaceae Sago-palm ~ revoluta Thunb. Cycadac Sago-palm lJeIOrUx regia (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf Fabaceae Royal Poinciana Dracaena marginata Lam. Agavaceae Madagascar Dragon-tree Ficus benjamina L. Moraceae Weeping Fig 'RiDlscus rosa-sinensis L. Malvaceae Hibiscus Hibiscus tiliaceus L. Malvaceae Mahoe LI~ustrum Japonicum Thunb. Oleaceae Japanese Privet ph oaendron selloum C. Koch Araceae Tree Philodendron Phoenix roebe!enii O'Brien Arecaceae Pygmy Date Palm pittosporum toblra (Willd.) Ait. Pittosporaceae Mock Orange Thespesla popUinea (L.) Soland. ex Correa Malvaceae Cork-tree Yucca elephantipes Regel Agavaceae Spineless Yucca 41

Addendum 6. Exotic plants persisting from cultivation at the observation tower area at the south end of the Shark Valley Loop Road.

Casuarina glauca Sieber ex K. Spreng. Casuarinaceae Suckering Australian-pine Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don Apocynaceae Madagascar Periwinkle Cereus undatus Haw. Cactaceae Night-blooming Cereus Cocos nucifera L. Arecaceae Coconu t Palm Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Malvaceae Leucaena Ieucocethala (Lam.) deWit Fabaceae Jumbie-bean Mangifera indica • Anacardiaceae Mango Musa x paradisiaca L. Musaceae Banana syngonium podophYllum Schott Araceae Nephthytis Termmaha catappa L. Combretaceae Indian-almond