DOCSLIB.ORG

2015 Christmas Newsletter

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2015 Christmas Newsletter HMS OPOSSUM ASSOCIATION NEWSLETTER CHRISTMAS 2015 1945-1958 Welcome to our Christmas Newsletter. Welcome to our Christmas Newsletter Our next reunion will be over the weekend Friday 13th Monday to 16th May 2016 at Tillington Hall Hotel in Stafford, organized as usual by the Isle of White Tours, tel. 01983-40611. In this issue:- Chairman’s Comments, treasurer’s Report, and Roll of Honor. Followed by The Corfu Incident, Sam Edgar’s Cats & Traps, Bill Thomas Smiles & Regrets, Chemical Weapons & Human Guinea Pigs, Shipmates Humour, The Christmas Quiz, Naval Personalities – Admiral Somerville, and Lieut. Comm. Alister Mars, The Merchant Sailors Friend – Samuel Plimsoll, Your editor’s HMS Hogue – My Third Commission, Tom Quirk’s [tongue in cheek Rindercella and the sugly isters, Our Chairman – LAew Mise r&r Vy eCrha rriusntmniansg aan pdu ba , HKaapmpiyka azned a tHtaecaklsth, Pyh Noetowg rYaepahrs t of A olul r Scarborough reunion [2015] plus answers to the Christmas Quiz. Chairman’s Comments Question, have you booked for next year’s reunion? Please do so now to swell our numbers – bring along relatives and friends – you know how good a time we have. With best wishes for the Christmas festivities and a brand New Year to look forward too. Sincerely Yours Aye Lewis Trinder President Rear Admiral D. J. Mackenzie Rtd [52] Chairman Lewis Trinder 108 NorthLane, Aldershot Hants GU12 4QT 01252-323861 [email protected] [45] Secretary/Editor Eddie Summerfold 28 Greymont Road, Limefield, Bury, Lancs. BL9 6PN 0161-764-8778 [email protected] [54] Treasurer Sam Edgar 21 Heath Lawns, Fareham, Hants PO15 5QB 1 01329-235732 [email protected] [57] Website hmsopossum.org.uk Treasurer’s Report Brought Forward:- £1,388.51 Income:- Subs £200, Raffle £210 and Donations £160 = £570 Expenditure:- £43.10 [FuneraRl ofl lR ooyf HWooondo]r Balance:- £1,915.41 John Cartwright John Eardly Wilmot Ronald Bradley Harry[Scouse]Barlow Albert Corless J W Powell Les Wood Bob Gray David Jarvis Ken Harris John Williams George Scott Harry Roach Reg Parker Pat Norman Fred Thompson George Fletcher Ivan C Haskell Fred[Mick]Bodel George H Richards Fred King John Davison Sid Pemberton George Curry Steven Hart George Brown Cliff Harthill Jack Marshall Arthur Pope Stewart A Porter Dick[Ginger]Bird Jackie Scholes Les Dimmock Joe Gornall John Bray Doug Banks Cornelious Canon Jim Tribe Harry Woolams Pete Maddox John Fraser Doug Goulding John Hardman Cyril Mason Bill Bolton Harry Catterson Mike Swayne Ken Phillips Jack Richards Bill Bovey Ron Hare George[Jan]Lobb William[Bill]Wilder Bill Price Edward[Ted]Longstaff Ken Slater Martin George Peter Lockwood Mike Cole Jim Payne Bert Rimmer Ron Blundy Roy Cope Ken Carson John W C Clark John Blair Willy Mitchell Tony Harris Charles Parker Alan Percival Alister Hunter Blair Ron Blundy Brian Healey Roy Wood John Jones 2 THE CORFU INCIDENT – October 1946 Fourteen months after the end of the Second World War, two Royal Naval destroyers mined and, heavily damaged - 44 killed, a similar number badly wounded. HMS Saumarez - so badly damaged, declared a write off HMS Volage - with her bows blown off, later repaired and converted to a type 15 Frigate The scene was between the island of Corfu and the coast of Albania. The first incident happened on 15th May 1946 when the cruisers Orion and Suberb, with destroyers, following a prior inspection and clearing the straight were fired upon from the Albanian coast. No hits registered and no casualties. The cruisers did not reply but informed the Admiralty. The British governm3ent protested to Albania that their ships were on peaceful legitimate duties with clearing up and making safe the seas around Corfu after the Second World War. No reply was received from Albania. The summer months slipped by then in October the British government requested a show of force from the Royal Navy, an attempt to gain political achievement, in short ‘gun boat diplomacy’ by sailing through the straights between Corfu and Albania to test that they could do so in international waters. Rarely has a government miscalculated the actions of another, Albania was not to be pushed around! On Tuesday 22nd October the small group of warships, the cruisers Mauritius and Leander together with the destroyers Saumarez and Volage left the port of Corfu, but instead of sailing South to join up with the rest of the Mediterranean Fleet for the annual regatta they deliberately sailed North under highly secret orders marked XCU to test the strength of Albania’s defiance, if the ships were fired on they must reply. All ships were closed up at action stations. Mauritius lead followed in line ahead by the destroyer Saumarez, speed ten knots, and two miles behind came Leander and Volage. Sadly the Royal Naval ships were in for a shock. Instead of using coastal guns to protect her coastline Albania had persuaded their friendly neighbour’s Yugoslavia who had mine layers and a huge stock of German mines left over after the war to do some sowing around her coast line; this was completed under cover of darkness, only nine days before Mauritius and Saumarez showed up. The Royal Navy had spent much time and effort in making sure all these waters were clear of mines – but unknown not this new field! At 2.53pm precisely a colossal explosion rocked Saumarez and she was brought to a standstill, smoke and flames billowing skywards. She would never sail under her own power again, and was later declared a write-off. Thirty-six men were killed, many more wounded. Volage was sent to take her in tow when she too was mined, her bows blown off! One officer and seven men killed, many wounded. On 12th November the Royal Navy sent in minesweepers and again made the waters safe, collecting two specimens from thirty laid, found to be of German manufacture and brand new, weighing 600lbs each. The heated debate though the international courts of Albania denying any involvement in damage to the ships of the Royal Navy and the irrefutable evidence to the contrary - lasted nearly three years. Britian wanted confirmation of Albania’s guilt, an apology and compensation. The international court eventually found Albania guilty and agreed a compensation figure of £843,497 to include £50,000 for pensions of bereaved families and those wounded, the rest for repairs to Volage and the loss of Saumarez, including scrap value. Albania’s compensation to Britian has never been paid. Hopes that this poor country would ever meet it’s debt has long been abandoned. In the words of the parliamentarian Mr Boyd-Carpenter, and others agreed with him, that Albania had literally got away with murder. The story mainly based on“ The Corfu Incident” by Eric Leggett – published by Seeley Services 1974 4 CATS and TRAPS by Sam Edgar A Gannet aircraft above HMS Eagle In the last Newsletter I described the nerve racking experience of the LOX plant fire on HMS Eagle. This is a much happier story of how I as a submariner came to be in an aircraft launched by steam catapult and landed back on the arrester wires. Like all hard working ships Eagle was a happy one. The Officers in the wardroom all got on well with each other, especially engineers and air crew and a particular bond developed between us into firm friendships. By October 1971, we had left the Far East and headed West towards the Persian Gulf to provide cover for Britain’s withdrawal from that region. The ship was operating off the island of Masira where there was an RAF base which provided a diversionary airfield necessary for flying operations. The Air department bosses kept thinking up various exercises to keep the squadrons busy. One exercise was downright dangerous and did not meet with air crew approval. This navigational exercise would involve a Bu5ccaneer bomber, a Sea Vixen fighter and a Gannet – with their different speeds, meeting at exactly the same time at some point deep in the desert. All three would arrive from different directions and cross over with a 100 feet vertical separation. The Buccaneer on top, the Vixen beneath and the Gannet below with only 100 feet above the desert. Low level flying without the required instrumentation is not recommended, there is a danger of becoming mesmerized and simply spearing in. The senior pilot of 849 Squadron [Gannets] volunteered and an American exchange officer felt he needed to be involved and would be navigator. The Gannet carries two observers who sit side by side in the middle of the aircraft. The navigator sits to port – while the starboard seat is occupied by the Airborne Early Warning [AEW] radar operator. As there was no AEW requirement on this flight the seat was vacant – other aircrew declined – this is were I came in. Having just come off the forenoon watch I had plenty of free time, when asked by a good friend, a Gannet pilot, if I would like to fly, I jumped at the chance. My senior engineer’s permission was obtained, who thought it was just a quick spin in the rescue helicopter, always airborne during flying operations. Next came the kitting out, with an immersion suit, borrowed flying suit, plus parachute then attending the flight briefing. I was shown how to open the hatch, seen in the photograph just in front of the roundel. A cheerful pilot told me not to worry if I got it wrong – nobody ever survives getting out, as the tail plane cuts them in half! The American officer was cheerful and helpful in making this flight experience enjoyable – he got me strapped in, then we were on the catapult.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SCOTTISH RECORD OFFICE Reels M584, M985-986
    AUSTRALIAN JOINT COPYING PROJECT SCOTTISH RECORD OFFICE Reels M584, M985-986 Scottish Record Office HM General Register House 2 Princes Street Edinburgh EH1 3YY National Library of Australia State Library of New South Wales Filmed: 1964, 1976 CONTENTS Page 3 GD25 Kennedy Family, Earls of Cassillis 3 GD112 Campbell Family, Earls of Breadalbane 3 GD64 Campbell Family of Jura 4 GD18 Clerk Family of Penicuik 5 GD21 Cuninghame Family of Thorntoun 6 GD45 Dalhousie Papers 7 GD80 MacPherson Family of Cluny 7 GD68 Murray Family of Lintrose 8 GD1/395 Riddell Family of Ardnamurchan and Sunart 8 GD145 Robertson Family of Kindeace 8 GD46 Mackenzie Family, Earls of Saforth 9 GD1/471 New Blantyre, Lanarckshire 9 GD1/486 Andrew Rodger 9 GD51 Dundas Family of Melville 22 GD156 Elphinstone Family, Lords Elphinstone 23 GD161 Buchanan Family of Leny 23 GD219 Murray Family of Murraythwaite 23 GD232 Fraser, Stoddart and Ballingall of Edinburgh 24 GD240 Bruce and Kerr 24 GD248 Ogilvy Family, Earls of Seafield Note: The name of the Scottish Record Office was changed to the National Archives of Scotland in 1999. In 2011 it merged with the General Register Office for Scotland to form National Records of Scotland. 2 SCOTTISH RECORD OFFICE Reel M584 GD25 Papers of the Kennedy Family, Earls of Cassillis (Ailsa Muniments), c 1290-1940 Archibald Kennedy (1770-1846), 12th Earl of Cassillis (succeeded 1794), 1st Baron Ailsa (created 1806), 1st Marquess of Ailsa (created 1831). GD25/9 Miscellaneous papers 42 Letters: business and estate matters, 1793-1848 Select: 13 John Hutchinson (HMS Captivity) to Lord Cassillis, 19 June 1811: gift of model of Tower of David at Jerusalem; Lord Cassillis’s kindness during Hutchison’s misfortunes.
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting and Early Naval Incident of the Cold War: Archaeological Identification of the Bow of HMS Volage Sunk During the Corf
    Notes 1 During the 2008 field season the bay of Porto Polermo and its entrance was completed. 2 Multibeam data was acquired through Kongsberg’s SIS software, processed in CARIS HIPS/SIPS, and modeled in IVS Fledermaus software for anomaly analysis. All acquisition and processing of data was performed by surveyors contracted from Highland Geo Solutions Inc. of Fredericton, NB, Canada. 3 IVS kindly provided a prototype software module that allowed the tracking of all vessels within James P. Delgado INA the 3-D models of the seafloor in Jeffery Royal RPM Nautical Foundation Fledermaus. Adrian Anastasi University of Tirana 4 Although it is not clear from the evidence if this was the scuttled Austro-Hungarian submarine U-72, the German U-24, or whether a Revisiting and Early Naval Incident of the Cold British submarine (possibly the H2) that was also lost in the area. War: Archaeological Identification of the Bow 5 Not only were modern war craft a common find, but a spent of HMS Vol ag e Sunk During the Corfu missile was also found in target confirmation. There have been Channel Incident of October 22, 1946 many tons of munitions from the HMS Volage, various 20th-century conflicts from Pingbosun, removed from Montengro’s waters Destroyers by the RDMC; however, all of the Second Album, finds discussed here were at depths Picasa. over 60 m. 6 The heavy concentration of Roman and Late Roman-era amphoras littering the seafloor, some of which are intrusive on Archaic-Hellenist Greek wreck sites, probably led to confusion. 7 Lindhagen 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Ajax New Past up For
    H.M.S. Ajax & River Plate Veterans Association NEWSLETTER SEPTEMBER 2012 CONTENTS Chairman/Editor's Remarks Visit to Montevideo Presentation to Frank Burton Archivist Report Membership Secretary Report Missing Royal Navy Life AGM Agenda NEC QUISQUAM NISI AJAX 2. 3. H.M.S. AJAX & RIVER PLATE VETERANS ASSOCIATION. Honorary Freeman of Rhyl CHAIRMAN/SECRETARY ARCHIVIST It is with huge pleasure that I include an article describing NEWSLETTER EDITOR Malcolm Collis the very prestigious honour of becoming an Honorary Peter Danks ‘Glenmorag’ Freeman of Rhyl which was bestowed on Roy Turner. I am 104 Kelsey Avenue Little Coxwell sure that all members of the Association send Roy our Southbourne Faringdon sincere congratulations on this tremendous honour. Emsworth Oxfordshire SN7 7LW Hampshire PO10 8NQ Tel: 01367 240382 From the Daily Post, June 22nd, 2012: Tel: 01243 371947 Mobile: 07736 929641 A retired businessman who has given over 50 years’ service to the [email protected] [email protected] community has become the first Honorary Freeman of Rhyl. The Town Council decided to bestow the honour on 84-year-old Roy TREASURER MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY Turner as a ceremony on Wednesday night, under new powers recently Alf Larkin Mrs Judi Collis given to town and community councils. 5 Cockles Way ‘Glenmorag’ Weymouth Little Coxwell, Faringdon Born in Stoke-on-Trent, he moved with his family to Rhyl in 1938 and Dorset DT4 9LT Oxfordshire SN7 7LW attended the local county school. In 1946 he joined Royal Navy cruiser Tel: 01305 775553 Tel: 01367 240382 ship HMS Ajax. Roy Turner [email protected] Mobile: 07736 929641 Back in Rhyl, Mr Turner established a flooring contractors business and he became active in the life [email protected] of the community.
    [Show full text]
  • World War II at Sea This Page Intentionally Left Blank World War II at Sea
    World War II at Sea This page intentionally left blank World War II at Sea AN ENCYCLOPEDIA Volume I: A–K Dr. Spencer C. Tucker Editor Dr. Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. Associate Editor Dr. Eric W. Osborne Assistant Editor Vincent P. O’Hara Assistant Editor Copyright 2012 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War II at sea : an encyclopedia / Spencer C. Tucker. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59884-457-3 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-59884-458-0 (ebook) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Naval operations— Encyclopedias. I. Tucker, Spencer, 1937– II. Title: World War Two at sea. D770.W66 2011 940.54'503—dc23 2011042142 ISBN: 978-1-59884-457-3 EISBN: 978-1-59884-458-0 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America To Malcolm “Kip” Muir Jr., scholar, gifted teacher, and friend. This page intentionally left blank Contents About the Editor ix Editorial Advisory Board xi List of Entries xiii Preface xxiii Overview xxv Entries A–Z 1 Chronology of Principal Events of World War II at Sea 823 Glossary of World War II Naval Terms 831 Bibliography 839 List of Editors and Contributors 865 Categorical Index 877 Index 889 vii This page intentionally left blank About the Editor Spencer C.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Royal Marines 1837-1914 HE Blumberg
    History of the Royal Marines 1837-1914 HE Blumberg (Minor editing by Alastair Donald) In preparing this Record I have consulted, wherever possible, the original reports, Battalion War and other Diaries, accounts in Globe and Laurel, etc. The War Office Official Accounts, where extant, the London Gazettes, and Orders in Council have been taken as the basis of events recounted, and I have made free use of the standard histories, eg History of the British Army (Fortescue), History of the Navy (Laird Clowes), Britain's Sea Soldiers (Field), etc. Also the Lives of Admirals and Generals bearing on the campaigns. The authorities consulted have been quoted for each campaign, in order that those desirous of making a fuller study can do so. I have made no pretence of writing a history or making comments, but I have tried to place on record all facts which can show the development of the Corps through the Nineteenth and early part of the Twentieth Centuries. H E BLUMBERG Devonport January, 1934 1 P A R T I 1837 – 1839 The Long Peace On 20 June, 1837, Her Majesty Queen Victoria ascended the Throne and commenced the long reign which was to bring such glory and honour to England, but the year found the fortunes of the Corps at a very low ebb. The numbers voted were 9007, but the RM Artillery had officially ceased to exist - a School of Laboratory and nominally two companies quartered at Fort Cumberland as part of the Portsmouth Division only being maintained. The Portsmouth Division were still in the old inadequate Clarence Barracks in the High Street; Plymouth and Chatham were in their present barracks, which had not then been enlarged to their present size, and Woolwich were in the western part of the Royal Artillery Barracks.
    [Show full text]
  • Royal Navy Records
    -1- PLEASE ALWAYS QUOTE LIST NUMBER WHEN ORDERING. BOOK POST: From the 1st April 2014. Our postage charges will be as follows:- UK Customers: 0 to 1 Kilo - £3.50 1 to 2 Kilos - £4.50 2 to 30 Kilos - £8.50* * UK Mainland only (exceptions Scottish Highlands & Islands, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and Isles of Scilly) Overseas customers: will be asked to pay the normal seamail, postage rates. Air Mail is available: extra charge on request. BOOK CARRIAGE: U.K. Parcels weighing less than 2kg are sent by 2nd class or Royal Mail standard parcel. Parcels weighing more than 2kg are sent via Parcel Force, 48 hour service. Books are sent at customers risk unless separately insured. The extra cost of insured carriage or ‘signed for’ delivery to customers is available on request. All orders are despatched promptly, usually next day. BOOK ORDERING: Books may be ordered by letter, phone, or e-mail or fax. Our e-mail is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Do not forget to look at the back-dated catalogues. Books are frequently unsold. BOOK PAYMENT: All customers may pay by Cash, Cheque and ALL Credit and Debit cards EXCEPT AMEX OR EUROCHEQUE. Please quote your card number, expiry date and security code (the last 3 digits on the signature strip) in separate emails if preferred for security reasons and the full address at which the card is registered when ordering. U.K and Overseas customers may also await our Proforma Invoice. Institutions will receive the books with an invoice plus postage or carriage charges.
    [Show full text]
  • The Decision of the International Court of Justice for the Corfu Channel
    ISSN 2519-1284 European Journal of Economics, Law and Social Sciences Vol. 5 No. 2 Acces online at www.iipccl.org IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria June, 2021 The decision of the International Court of Justice for the Corfu Channel Incident in light of New Discoveries Erlis Hereni Legal Advisor to the Minister of Infrastructure and Energy, Government of Albania Abstract The incident of Corfu Channel constitutes, without doubt, one of the most important events of the Albanian diplomatic history issue after World War II, an event that defined or, at least, did much during the following Albania’s relations with Western countries, especially with Great Britain. Regarding several attempts to resolve the incident of October 22, 1946, diplomatically, the British Government addressed a separate letter to the Secretary-General of the UN. In order to investigate this problem as soon as possible by the Council of Security, under chapter VII of the UN Charter, as the situation “jeopardizes international peace and security”, British intention was to achieve the adoption of a Security Council resolution, through which Albania declared responsibility for the incident of October 22, “after mines close to the Albanian coast could not be decided without the knowledge of the Albanian authorities”. Regarding the second question posed by the compromise agreement between the parties, the Court unanimously (with parallel reasoning only British judge) stated that the operation of the British battleship mine clearance Corfu Channel, undertaken on 12-13 November 1946, violated the sovereignty of the People’s Republic of Albania. The Court dismissed, in this case, the British claims that the operation undertaken for mine clearance could be justified by the right of intervention or self-help, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Rofworld •WKR II
    '^"'^^«^.;^c_x rOFWORLD •WKR II itliiro>iiiiii|r«trMit^i^'it-ri>i«fiinit(i*<j|yM«.<'i|*.*>' mk a ^. N. WESTWOOD nCHTING C1TTDC or WORLD World War II was the last of the great naval wars, the culmination of a century of warship development in which steam, steel and finally aviation had been adapted for naval use. The battles, both big and small, of this war are well known, and the names of some of the ships which fought them are still familiar, names like Bismarck, Warspite and Enterprise. This book presents these celebrated fighting ships, detailing both their war- time careers and their design features. In addition it describes the evolution between the wars of the various ship types : how their designers sought to make compromises to satisfy the require - ments of fighting qualities, sea -going capability, expense, and those of the different naval treaties. Thanks to the research of devoted ship enthusiasts, to the opening of government archives, and the publication of certain memoirs, it is now possible to evaluate World War II warships more perceptively and more accurately than in the first postwar decades. The reader will find, for example, how ships in wartime con- ditions did or did not justify the expecta- tions of their designers, admiralties and taxpayers (though their crews usually had a shrewd idea right from the start of the good and bad qualities of their ships). With its tables and chronology, this book also serves as both a summary of the war at sea and a record of almost all the major vessels involved in it.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction This Is a Hardback Reprint of the Original Book, Published in 2011
    Destroyer D01 – the story of HMS Caprice 1942 - 1979 Introduction This is a hardback reprint of the original book, published in 2011. I have made some revisions and additions from information received since then. The idea for this book came from the HMS Caprice (1968) Association; originally to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Caprice’s memorable cruise around the world in 1968. However, with input from the Association’s website and from material provided from many who had served aboard during the destroyer’s 30 years service it became obvious that we had become the de facto archives for the ship’s entire history. Despite its D01 pennant number Caprice was not the Royal Navy's first destroyer! She was, however, 'one of the best' to many who served in her. She also was the first of her class to be launched and the last to finally decommission. This, then, is the story of HMS Caprice and of all those who served in her during her service with the fleet from 1943 to 1973. I have tried to include as much human interest material as possible – a warship is much more than just steel and guns – it’s all about the men who live, work and play in her. Those who man the guns, keep watch, scrub the decks, cook the food, operate and maintain the machinery, keep a lookout, monitor the radar and sonar, it is they that make a warship what it is. Although we are nominally claiming copyright for this book anyone may freely use the information and images contained within, providing it is not for commercial profit.
    [Show full text]
  • Affaire Du Detroit De Corfou the Corfu Channel Case
    [CL-0251] COUR INTERNA TIO NALE DE JUSTICE RECUEIL DES ARRETS, AVIS CONSULTATIFS ET ORDONNANCES , AFFAIRE DU DETROIT DE CORFOU (FOND) ARRET DU 9 AVP.IL 191t9 1949 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS, ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS THE CORFU CHANNEL CASE (MERITS) JUDGMENT OF APRIL 9th, 191t9 LEYDE LEYDEN SOCIETE D'EDITIONS A. W. SIJTHOFF'S A. W. SIJTHOFF PUBLISHING COMPANY Le present arret doit etre cite comme suit : « Affaire du Detroit de Corfou, Arret du 9 avril 1949: C. I. ]. Recueil 1949, p. 4. » This Judgment should be cited as follows : "Corfu Channel case, Judgment of April 9th, 1949: I. C. ]. Reports 1949, p. 4-" N° de vente: }5 Sales number 4 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 1949. YEAR 1949. April 9th. General List April 9th, 1949. No. 1. THE CORFU CHANNEL CASE (MERITS) International responsibility for explosion of mines in territorial waters.--Connivance with another State; •evidence.-Minelaying by persons unknown.-Knowledge of minelaying by State party.to proceed­ ings : control of territory as ground for responsibility ; its influence on the choice of means of proof ; indirect evidence, concordant inferences of fact.-Breach of obligations resulting from knowledge of minelaying, grounds for responsibility.-Court's jurisdiction to assess amount of compensation; interpretation of Special Agreement; subsequent attitude of Parties. Right of passage of warships in time oJ peace through straits connect­ ing two parts of the high seas.-International custom.-Straits in which right of passage exists.-North Corfu Channel.-lnnocent passage; purpose of passage and manner of its execution.-Production of docu­ ments at Court's request ; refusal to produce ; Article 49 of Statute of Court and Article 54 of Rules.-Minesweeping undertaken in terri­ torial waters contrary to wish of territorial State ; justification der{ved from theory of intervention and notion of self-help.-Violation of terri­ torial sovereignty ; international responsibility ; satisfaction in form of a declaration by the Court of violation of right.
    [Show full text]
  • J Class Fleet Destroyer
    J CLASS FLEET DESTROYER FEATURE ARTICLE written by James Davies For KEY INFORMATION Country of Origin: Great Britain. Manufacturers: Hawthorn Leslie, John Brown, Denny, Fairfield, Swan Hunter, White, Yarrow Major Variants: J class, K class, N class, Q class, R class (new), S class (new), T class, U class, V class (new), W class (new), Z class, CA class, CH class, CO class, CR class, Weapon class Role: Fleet protection, reconnaissance, convoy escort Operated by: Royal Navy (Variants also Polish Navy, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Netherlands Navy, Royal Norwegian Navy) First Laid Down: 26th August 1937 Last Completed: 12th September 1939 Units: HMS Jervis, HMS Jersey, HMS Jaguar, HMS Juno, HMS Jupiter, HMS Janus, HMS Jackal, HMS Javelin Released by ww2ships.com BRITISH DESTROYERS www.WW2Ships.com FEATURE ARTICLE J Class Fleet Destroyer © James Davies Contents CONTENTS J Class Fleet Destroyer............................................................................................................1 Key Information.......................................................................................................................1 Contents.....................................................................................................................................2 Introduction...............................................................................................................................3 Development.............................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Model Ship Book 4Th Issue
    A GUIDE TO 1/1200 AND 1/1250 WATERLINE MODEL SHIPS i CONTENTS FOREWARD TO THE 5TH ISSUE 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2 Aim and Acknowledgements 2 The UK Scene 2 Overseas 3 Collecting 3 Sources of Information 4 Camouflage 4 List of Manufacturers 5 CHAPTER 2 UNITED KINGDOM MANUFACTURERS 7 BASSETT-LOWKE 7 BROADWATER 7 CAP AERO 7 CLEARWATER 7 CLYDESIDE 7 COASTLINES 8 CONNOLLY 8 CRUISE LINE MODELS 9 DEEP “C”/ATHELSTAN 9 ENSIGN 9 FIGUREHEAD 9 FLEETLINE 9 GORKY 10 GWYLAN 10 HORNBY MINIC (ROVEX) 11 LEICESTER MICROMODELS 11 LEN JORDAN MODELS 11 MB MODELS 12 MARINE ARTISTS MODELS 12 MOUNTFORD METAL MINIATURES 12 NAVWAR 13 NELSON 13 NEMINE/LLYN 13 OCEANIC 13 PEDESTAL 14 SANTA ROSA SHIPS 14 SEA-VEE 16 SANVAN 17 SKYTREX/MERCATOR 17 Mercator (and Atlantic) 19 SOLENT 21 TRIANG 21 TRIANG MINIC SHIPS LIMITED 22 ii WASS-LINE 24 WMS (Wirral Miniature Ships) 24 CHAPTER 3 CONTINENTAL MANUFACTURERS 26 Major Manufacturers 26 ALBATROS 26 ARGONAUT 27 RN Models in the Original Series 27 RN Models in the Current Series 27 USN Models in the Current Series 27 ARGOS 28 CM 28 DELPHIN 30 “G” (the models of Georg Grzybowski) 31 HAI 32 HANSA 33 NAVIS/NEPTUN (and Copy) 34 NAVIS WARSHIPS 34 Austro-Hungarian Navy 34 Brazilian Navy 34 Royal Navy 34 French Navy 35 Italian Navy 35 Imperial Japanese Navy 35 Imperial German Navy (& Reichmarine) 35 Russian Navy 36 Swedish Navy 36 United States Navy 36 NEPTUN 37 German Navy (Kriegsmarine) 37 British Royal Navy 37 Imperial Japanese Navy 38 United States Navy 38 French, Italian and Soviet Navies 38 Aircraft Models 38 Checklist – RN &
    [Show full text]