Final Eia Report Of

FINAL EIA REPORT OF EXPANSION OF TOTAL PRODUCTION CAPACITY & AUGMENTATION OF INTEGRATING MELTING & ROLLING FACILITY PROPOSED BY M/s AARTI IMPEX LOCATED AT-BUDHEWAL ROAD, TEHSIL & DIST.-LUDHIANA, STATE-PUNJAB

PREPARED BY SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LIMITED QCI/NABET EIA CONSULTANT ORGANIZATIONS Registered Office: Village Majra, Post Office Dabhota, Tehsil Nalagarh Distt. Solan, Himachal Pradesh - 174101 CorporateOffice: SCO 20-21, 2nd Floor, Near Hotel Dolphin, Baltana, Zirakpur Punjab- 140 604 Phone/Telefax: 01762 – 509496 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION ...... 26 1.1 Purpose of the Report...... 26 1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent...... 27 1.3 Brief Description of the Project Nature, Size, Location of the Project and Its Importance to the Country, Region ...... 29 1.3.1 Nature of the Project...... 29 1.3.2 Size of the Project...... 29 1.3.3 Location of the Project...... 30 1.3.4 Importance to the Country & Region...... 32 1.4 Scope of EIA Study ...... 33 1.5 Structure of the EIA Report...... 34

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 36 2.1 Type ofthe Project...... 36 2.2 Need of the Project...... 36 2.3 Site Location Details...... 36 2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation ...... 42 2.5 Demand –Supply Gap...... 44 2.6 Technology and Process Description ...... 45 2.7 Manufacturing Process...... 46 2.7.1 Induction Furnace...... 46 2.8 Water, Man Power Requirement, Power Requirements and other Site Services...... 50 2.8.1 Water Source and Utilization...... 50 2.8.2 Man-Power Requirement ...... 52 2.8.3 Power Requirement...... 53 2.9 Sources of Pollution and Control Measures ...... 53 2.9.1 Air Pollution & its Mitigation Measures...... 53 2.9.2 Water Pollution & its Mitigation Measures ...... 54

3 DESCRPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT...... 55 3.1 Introduction ...... 55 3.2 Site Description and Its Environment ...... 55 3.3 Meteorology...... 57

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 1 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3.3.1 Climate and Rainfall ...... 57 3.4 Land Environment ...... 58 3.4.1 Land Use...... 58 3.4.2 Geology ...... 63 3.4.3 Topography...... 64 3.4.4 Seismic Considerations...... 64 3.4.5 Soil Characteristics...... 64 3.4.6 Sampling Process & Analysis...... 69 3.4.7 Result Analysis...... 69 3.5 Water Environment...... 75 3.5.1 Hydrogeology ...... 75 3.5.2 Water Quality Assessment ...... 77 3.5.3 Results & Conclusions...... 84 3.5.4 Conclusions ...... 86 3.6 Air Environment ...... 87 3.6.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring...... 87 3.6.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations...... 87 3.6.3 Analytical Methods Followed For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ...... 88 3.6.4 Results and Discussions ...... 91 3.7 Noise Environment...... 92 3.7.1 Ambient Noise Monitoring...... 92 3.7.2 Ambient Noise Standard ...... 94 3.7.3 Analysis of the Data...... 94 3.8 Biological Environment ...... 95 3.8.1 Physical Environment of the Area...... 95 3.8.2 Forest cover in Ludhiana district: ...... 95 3.9 Socio-Economic Environment...... 98 3.9.1 Study Area ...... 98 3.9.2 Methodology...... 98 3.9.3 Baseline Data...... 101 3.10 Rehabilitation &Resettlement (R&R) Action Plan ...... 107

4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIONMEASURES ...... 108 4.1 Introduction ...... 108 4.2 Impacts on Land Environment...... 108 4.2.1 Impacts during Construction Phase ...... 108 4.2.2 Impacts during Operation Phase ...... 109 4.2.3 Mitigation Measures ...... 109

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 2 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 4.3 Impacts on Air Environment...... 109 4.3.1 Impacts during Construction Phase...... 109 4.3.2 Impacts during Operation Phase ...... 109 4.3.3 Mitigation Measures ...... 109 4.3.4 Impact of the Transportation and Mitigation Measures...... 112 4.3.5 Traffic Analysis ...... 113 4.4 Air Quality Modeling ...... 114 4.5 Impacts on Noise and Vibration ...... 119 4.5.1 Impacts during Operation Phase ...... 120 4.5.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 120 4.6 Impacts on Water Environment ...... 120 4.6.1 Impacts during Construction Phase...... 120 4.6.2 Impacts during Operation Phase ...... 120 4.6.2.1 Mitigation Measures...... 120 4.7 Impacts on Biological Environment...... 121

5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND SITE...... 124 5.1 Alternate Technology...... 124 5.2 Technology...... 124 5.3 AlternativesSite...... 124

6 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN ...... 125 6.1 Introduction ...... 125 6.2 Environmental Monitoring...... 125 6.2.1 Soil Quality Monitoring...... 125 6.2.2 Air Quality Monitoring...... 126 6.2.3 Noise Quality Monitoring...... 126 6.2.4 Water Quality Monitoring...... 126 6.3 Occupational Health and Safety Monitoring...... 126 6.4 Budget...... 127

7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES...... 128 7.1 Introduction ...... 128 7.2 Public Consultation...... 128 7.3 Risk Assessment ...... 132 7.4 Identification of Hazards...... 133 7.4.1 Fire Hazards...... 133

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 3 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 7.4.2 Toxic Hazards...... 133 7.4.3 Potential Health Effects ...... 133 6.6.2.1 Inhalation (chronic) ...... 134 6.6.2.2 Ingestion...... 134 7.4.4 Corrosion Hazards...... 134 7.4.5 Explosion Hazards...... 134 7.5 Risk Evaluation...... 134 7.6 Risk Management Measures ...... 138 7.6.1 On-Site Emergency Plan...... 138 7.6.2 Off-Site Emergency Planning...... 138 7.7 Occupational Healthand Safety, Hazards and Preventive Measures...... 139 7.7.1 First Aid Measures ...... 139 7.8 Exposure Controls and Personal Protection...... 140 7.8.1 Exposure Controls...... 140 7.8.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)...... 140 7.8.3 Fire Fighting Facilities ...... 141 7.8.4 Other Safety Measures...... 142 7.9 Occupational Health& Safety ...... 142 7.9.1 Major Hazards...... 143 7.10 Disaster Management Plan (DMP)...... 144 7.10.1 Objectives...... 145 7.10.2 Level of Accidents...... 146 7.11 Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R&R)...... 147

8 PROJECT BENEFITS...... 148 8.1 Physical Infrastructure...... 148 8.2 Employment Opportunities...... 148 8.3 Social Infrastructure ...... 149 8.4 Environment Social Responsibility (ESR)...... 149 8.5 Conclusion...... 151

9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 152 9.1 Introduction ...... 152 9.2 Proposed Environmental Mitigation Measures...... 152 9.3 Details of Management Plan...... 154 9.3.1 Air Environment ...... 154

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 4 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 9.3.2 Air Pollution Control Equipments...... 155 9.3.3 Noise Environment ...... 156 9.3.4 Water Environment ...... 156 9.3.5 Budget for Environment Pollution Control Measures...... 156 9.4 Greenbelt Development...... 156 9.5 Health and Safety...... 159 9.6 Implementationof EMP and Monitoring...... 160 9.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan...... 161 9.8 Environment Management Cell ...... 161

10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS...... 163 10.1 Summary...... 163 10.2 Conclusion ...... 163

11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ...... 165

List of Tables Table 1: ToR Compliance ...... 7 Table 1-1: Project Details...... 29 Table 2-1: Coordinate...... 37 Table 2-2: Salient Features of the Proposed Project...... 42 Table 2-3: Details of the Proposed Project...... 49 Table 2-4: Manpower Details ...... 52 Table 2-5: Fugitive Emission Source and Mitigation Measures...... 54 Table 3-1: Land use Classification...... 62 Table 3-2: Soil quality Monitoring Location Details...... 65 Table 3-3: Standard Soil Classification ...... 66 Table 3-4: Soil Quality Data...... 68 Table 3-5: Location of Ground Water Monitoring Stations ...... 78 Table 3-6: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Result...... 80 Table 3-7: Surface Water location ...... 84 Table 3-8: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results...... 86 Table 3-9: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location ...... 87 Table 3-10: Methods Adopted for Ambient Air Parameters ...... 88 Table 3-11: Ambient Air Quality Data...... 90 Table 3-12: Location of Noise Quality Monitoring Stations ...... 92 Table 3-13: Noise Quality Data...... 94 Table 3-14: Flora Covering under District Ludhiana ...... 96 Table 3-15: Fauna List...... 97 Table 3-16: Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in Ludhiana District...... 102

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 5 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 3-17: Overall Sum of the Demographic Profile of the Study Area within 10 km radius area...... 105 Table 4-1: Existing Traffic Scenarios & LOS ...... 113 Table 4-2: Reference Table for V/C & LOS ...... 113 Table 4-3: Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS...... 114 Table 4-2: Emissions Sources at the Proposed Expansion of the Plant ...... 115 Table 4-3: Highest 24- Hourly Incremental GLC Values for PM10 and Grid Point Location . 116 Table 4-4: Highest Seasonal Incremental GLC Values for PM10 and Grid Point Location...... 117 Table 4-5: Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development ...... 123 Table 6-1: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase ...... 127 Table 6-2: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Operation Phase ...... 127 Table 7-1: Summary of Public Hearing Proceeding...... 129 Table 7-2: Hazard Identification of the Steel Plant...... 135 Table 8-1: Budget for Enterprise Social Responsibility Activities ...... 150 Table 9-1: Proposed Environmental Mitigation Measures...... 152 Table 9-2: Environmental Monitoring (Construction Phase)...... 161 Table 9-3: Environmental Monitoring (Operation Phase)...... 161 Table 9-4: Environment Management Cell ...... 162 Table 11-1: Key Personnel/Experts Associated with the Study...... 166 Table 11-2: Key Personnel/FAA Associated with the Study ...... 168

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: General Location of the project site...... 31 Figure 2-1: General Location Map ...... 38 Figure 2-2: Map Showing Specific Project Site ...... 39 Figure 2-3: Topographical Map of Project Site...... 40 Figure 2-4: Plant Layout...... 41 Figure 2-5: Manufacturing Process Flow Chart...... 48 Figure 2-6: Water Balance Chart...... 52 Figure 3-1: Project Location Map...... 56 Figure 3-2: Wind Rose Diagramme...... 59 Figure 3-3: Landuse Map ...... 60 Figure 3-4: Soil Monitoring Locations ...... 67 Figure 3-5: Ground Water Monitoring Location...... 79 Figure 3-6: Surface Water Monitoring Location ...... 85 Figure 3-7: Air Quality Monitoring Locations Map...... 89 Figure 3-8: Noise Monitoring Locations Map...... 93 Figure 3-9: Environment Sensitivity Map showing location of villages within10 km radius of boundary ...... 100 Figure 4-1: Isopleths for 24- hourly incremental GLC values for PM10...... 118 Figure 4-2: Isopleths for Seasonal Incremental GLC values for PM10...... 119 Figure 7-1: On the Occasion of Public Hearing at Budhewal...... 131 Figure 7-2: Environmental Risk Qualitative Analysis Flow sheet...... 137 Figure 9-1: Site Photographs...... 158

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 6 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Compliance of Terms of References (ToR)

M/s. Aarti Impex was granted the Terms of Reference (ToR) vide letter no. J-11011/49/2017-IA-II (I) dated 27.03.2017 for capacity expansion and augmentation within the existing plant premises located at village-Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab). The compliance of ToR(s) is given in Table below-

Table 1: ToR Compliance

S.No. ToR Compliance

1. Executive Summary Executive Summary of the project is attached as Annexure II.

2. Introduction i. Details of EIA Consultant Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited is the including NABET accreditation. NABET accredited consultant for the project.

SSWML S.no. is 136, Rev. 56, as per QCI/NABET list of EIA Consultant Organizations as on August 08, 2017.

Details are given in Chapter 11, Page no. 165. ii. Information about the project The Proposed project is for expansion and was Proponent. proposed by M/s Aarti Impex.

Details of the project proponent are mentioned in Chapter 1, Page no 27 iii. Importance and Benefits of the Importance and benefits of project is incorporated Project in the report.

Detailed in Chapter 1, Page no 32 and Chapter 8, Page no. 148.

3 Project Description

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 7 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex i. Cost of Project and time of Total cost of the project is Rs.45.13 Crore. completion Detailed given in Chapter-2, Page no. 44. ii Products with capacities for the Rods and Wire rods. proposed project. Production Capacity: 224400 TPA

Detailed given in Chapter-2, Page no 42. iii If expansion Project, details of Proposed project is an expansion project of existing products with capacities production capacity from 70 T/Day of production and whether adequate land is capacity with induction furnace, to 680 T/Day of available for expansion, rods and wire rods within the plant premises. reference of earlier EC if any. The project/activity falls under Category “A” due to project site falls under critically polluted, which mandates obtaining prior Environmental Clearance from Government of India.

Area of the Project: 3.931 Ha.

Existing and Proposed production details mentioned in Chapter 2, Page no. 42-43. iv List of raw materials required MS scrap, MS ingots/billets will be used as basic and their source along with mode raw material to manufacture rods and wire rods. of transportation Raw materials will be purchased from market and transported to site through trucks.

Detailed given in Chapter 2, Page no. 45-46. v Other chemicals and materials The total requirement of raw materials will be required with quantities and around 750 T/day and same will be stored within storage capacities. the premises, given as follows-

Quantity of Materials required detailed given in

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 8 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Chapter 2, Page no. 45-46. vi Details of Emission, effluents, The main source of emissions will be from hazardous waste generation and Induction Furnace and from the work zone and their management. which will be controlled by the Air Pollution Control System. Slag will be generated as waste which will be used for filling of low-lying areas.

Source of the emissions & mitigation measures given in Chapter 4, Page no 108-123.

Vii Requirement of water, power, 27680 KVA will be required to run the additional with source of supply, status of plant & machinery during Construction and approval, water balance diagram, Operation Phase. The source of power will be man power requirement (regular Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. (PSPCL). and contract) The provision of 500 KVA DG Set would be installed and utilized during failure of electricity.

Around 250 persons would be hired for construction and operational phase.

Water balance and other details given in Chapter 2, Page no 52

Viii The project proponent shall 2700 KVA is already released over 66KV line, furnish the requisite documents substation 66/11 already installed for existing from the competent authority in capacity. Additional power required 25,000 KVA, support of drawl of ground water Source: Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. and surface water and supply of (PSPCL) (In case of Power failure one DG set of electricity. 500 KVA Capacity would be used for auxiliary lighting.)

Permission of Electricity from Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. (PSPCL) is attached as Annexure-V.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 9 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Water will be drawn through borewell within plant premises. ix Process description along with Process flow sheet along with raw material major equipment’s and requirement is mentioned in Chapter 2, Figure 2-5, machineries, process flow sheet Page no 48. (quantitative) from raw material to products to be provided. x Hazard identification and details Occupational hazard and safety system is provided of proposed safety systems. in the premises for the workers. Details given in Chapter 7, Page no 132-147. xi Expansion/Modernization proposals: a Copy of all the environmental As per EIA notification, 2006 and its subsequent clearance(s) including amendments project comes under the purview of amendments thereto obtain for EIA only when production is increasing from 70 the project from MOEF/SEIAA T/day to 580 T/day with total capacity (existing shall be attached as annexure. A and proposed) and the project falls under Critically certified copy of the latest polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution monitoring report of the Control Board (CPCB) from time to time Hence, Regional Office of the Ministry the project is freshly applied for Environmental of Environment and Forests as Clearance. per circular dated 30thMay, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including amendments shall be provided. In addition status of compliance of consent to operate for the ongoing/existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 10 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex attached with the EIA-EMP report. b In case the existing project has Consent to Operate for expansion was obtained. not obtained environmental As per EIA notification, 2006 and its subsequent clearance reasons for not taking amendments project comes under the purview of EC under the provisions of the EIA only when production is increasing from 70 EIA Notification 2006 shall be T/day to 680 T/day. provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection CTO attached as Annexure I. certificate and consent to operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006. CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

4. Site Details i. Location of the project site Project is located in village: Budhewal, Budhewal covering village, taluka/tehsil, road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, Punjab. Expansion district and state, justification for of the project will be carried out in the existing selecting the site, whether other premises only. sites were considered. Location of the project site covering and justification for selecting the site mentioned in report.

Detailed given in Chapter 2, Page no 42-43.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 11 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex ii. A toposheet of the study area of A toposheet of the study area of 10 km radius and radius of 10km and site location site location is incorporated in the report and also on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an attached as Annexure-III. A3/A2 sheet, (including all eco- sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places). iii Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four Map showing pillar co-ordinates of the plant corners of the site. mentioned in Chapter 2, Figure 2-2, Page no 39. iv Google map-Earth downloaded Google map-Earth downloaded for the project is of the project site. attached in Chapter-2, Figure 2-2, Page no 39 of EIA report. v Layout maps indicating existing Plant is located on the private land. units as well as proposed unit Layout maps indicating existing units as well as indicating storage area, plant proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. greenbelt area, utilities etc. attached in Chapter-2, If located within an industrial Figure 2-4, Page no 41 of EIA report. area/Estate/Complex, layout of the industrial Area indicating location of unit within the industrial area Estate.

Vi Photographs of the proposed and Photographs of the proposed and existing plant site existing (if applicable) plant site. are shown in Chapter 9, Figure 9-1, Page no 158. If existing, show photographs of plantation greenbelt, in particular.

Vii Land use break-up of total land As plant is already established and the expansion of the project (identified and will be carried out in the existing premises only acquired), government/ private – which is own private land.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 12 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex agricultural, forest, wasteland, Land-use Map attached in Chapter-3, Figure 3-2, water bodies, settlements etc. Page 58, 60-62 of EIA report. Shall be included (not required for industrial area)

Viii A list of major industries with A list of major industries with name and type name and type within study area within study area (10 km radius) is attached as (10 km radius) shall be Annexure XII. Land use details of the study area incorporated. Land use details of are given in Chapter 3, Page no. 60-63. the study area. ix Geological features and Geo- Geo-Hydrological status of the area incorporated in hydrological status of the study Chapter 3, Page no 74-76. area shall be included. x Details of drainage of the project Within 1 km of the site there is no major upto 5 km radius of study area. If river/seasonal river hence such data is not required. the site is within 1 km radius of 5 km Drainage map attached as Annexure-IV. any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood level of the project site and maximum flood level of the river shall be provided.(mega green field projects) xi Status of acquisition of land. If Project is already an existing project and the acquisition is not complete, stage expansion will be carried out in the existing of the acquisition process and premises only. expected time of complete Earlier it was known as M/s Omax Steel Ltd and possession of the land. M/s Aarti Impex took the management control of

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 13 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex the industrial unit in July 2016 and presently proposed for the capacity expansion and augmentation of integrating melting and rolling facility within the existing plant premises only. xii R & R details in respect of land This is capacity expansion and modernization in line with state Government project therefore R & R is not applicable. policy. 5 Forests and wildlife related issues (if applicable) i. Permission and approval for the Such permission is not required as project is not in use of forest land (forestry the forest land. clearance), if any, and NA recommendations of the State Forest Department (if applicable) ii Land use map based on High Land use map based on High resolution satellite resolution satellite imagery imagery (GPS) of the proposed is incorporated in (GPS) of the proposed site Chapter-3, Figure 3-2, Page no 60 of EIA report. delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forestland more than 40 ha) iii Status of Application submitted Such Clearance is not required. for obtaining the stage I forestry NA clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. iv The projects to be located within There are no National Parks, Sanctuaries, 10 km of the National Parks, Biosphere Reserves, and Migratory Corridors of Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, wild animals within 10 km radius of the study area. Migratory Corridors of wild 10 km radius Environment Sensitivity map animals, and the project attached in Chapter-3, Page no. 100 of EIA report. proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by chief

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 14 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex wildlife warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the chief wildlife warden- theron. v Wildlife Conservation Plan duly There is no Scheduled I fauna within 10 km radius authenticated by chief wildlife of the project. warden of the state government List of flora and fauna incorporated in Chapter 3, for conservation of schedule I Page no 95-98. fauna, if any exists in the study area. vi Copy of application submitted There is no wildlife/national park within 10 km for clearance under wildlife radius of the project site. (Protection) Act, 1972 to the 10 km radius Environment Sensitivity map standing committee of the attached inChapter-3, Page no. 100 of EIA report. National Board Wildlife. 6 Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric Site-specific micro-meteorological data using inversion level at the project site temp, relative humidity, wind speed, direction& and site-specific micro- rainfall has been incorporated in report. meteorological data using Details mentioned in Chapter-3, Page no. 57-59. temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall. ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 Based on the CPCB guidelines of monitoring of locations for PM10, PM2.5, Air Quality Monitoring for the study area of the SO2, NOX, CO and other project was done and is incorporated in the report. parameters relevant to the project Air Quality Baseline data incorporated in the shall be collected. The Chapter 3, Page no. 87-91. monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 15 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserve forests. iii. Raw data of all AAQ As per NAQQM Notification of Nov, 2009 the measurement for 12 weeks of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all the stations stations as per frequency given in are attached. the NAQQM Notification of Baseline Monitoring reports attached as Annexure- Nov, 2009 along with – min. VI. max. average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA report. iv Surface water quality of nearby The surface water quality from the nearby river & River (60m upstream and other surface water source were made. As per the downstream) and other surface guidelines issued by CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. drains at 8 locations as per Detailed in Chapter 3, Page no. 84-86 and also CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. attached as Annexure-VII. v Whether the site falls near to No, the site is not falling near polluted stretch of polluted stretch of river the river. identified by the 5 km drainage map attached as Annexure-IV. CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. vi Ground water monitoring at Ground water monitoring was done. minimum at 8 locations shall be Detailed in Chapter 3, Page no. 77-84; and also included. attached as Annexure-VII. vii Noise levels monitoring at 8 Noise levels monitoring of 8 locations was done locations within the study area. and incorporated in report.

Detailed in Chapter 3, Page no. 92-94 and also attached as Annexure-VIII.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 16 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex viii Soil characteristic as per CPCB Characteristics of Soil was done and incorporated guidelines in the report.

Detailed in Chapter 3, Page no. 64-75 and also attached as Annexure-IX. ix Traffic study of the area, type of Trucks will be used for the transportation purpose vehicles, frequency of vehicles while movements covered trucks with tarpaulin for transportation of materials, will be preferred, proper tuning of vehicles will be additional traffic due to proposed maintained while exiting or entering of trucks in project, parking arrangements the site premises. Proper parking area for vehicles etc. already exists within the site premises.

Exist and modified Traffic study for the project is detailed in Chapter 4, Page no. 113-114. x Detailed description of flora and Ecology & Biodiversity study for 10 km radius of fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) the project site was done & incorporated in existing in the study area shall be Chapter-3, Page no. 95-98. given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a wildlife conservation plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi Socio-economic status of the Project is positively upgrading the socio-economic study area. status while providing the employment.

Socio-economic study for 10 km radius study area was done and incorporated in report.

Detailed in Chapter 3, Page no. 98-107. 7 Impact Assessment and environment Management Plan i Assessment of ground level Air Quality Modeling for the emission estimation concentration of pollutants from from the stack has been incorporated in the final

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 17 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex the stack emission based on site- EIA report. specific meteorological features. Detailed in Chapter 4, Page no. 114-119. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain the AQIP modeling shall be done using inputs of the project on the AAQ cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation on the AAQ of the area shall be well assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modeling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby sensitive receptors, if any. ii Water quality modeling- in case, Recycling of water will be done and surplus if the effluent is proposed to be recycled water will be used for the plantation discharged in to the local drain, purpose. No effluent will be discharged out from then water quality modeling the premises. study should be conducted for Hence such modeling is not applicable. the drain water taking into consideration the upstream and downstream quality of water of the drain. iii Impacts of the transport of the Transportation of raw materials will be done raw materials and end products through trucks from three industries. on the surrounding environment During transportation covered trucks will be used shall be assessed and provided. from the nearby associated industries for the raw In the regard, options for

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 18 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex transport of raw materials and material. finished products and wastes Regular water sprinkling will be done during (large quantities) by rail or rail- transportation to suppress the dust emission as this cum road transport or conveyor- is one of the major impacts during transportation. cum-rail transport shall be examined. It is also certified that only Pollution certified vehicles will only use for the same purpose.

Detailed in Chapter 4. iv A note on treatment of This project is based on “Zero Liquid Effluent wastewater from different plant Discharge” Concept as complete recycling of water operations, extent recycled and will be done and treated water will be used for reused for different purposes plantation purpose. shall be included. Complete Detailed in Chapter 2, Page no 50-52. scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules. v Details of stack emission and The stack emission details and details of Air action plan for control of pollution Controlling Device incorporated in emissions to meet standards. Chapter 4, Page no. 115. vi Measures for fugitive emission Main source of Fugitive emission is from the control induction furnace only. So Bag filters are used for air pollution controlling device. vii Details of hazardous waste Hazardous waste detailed in Chapter 7, Page no generation and their storage, 134-135. utilization and disposal. Copies Environment Management Plan (EMP) is of MOU regarding utilization of incorporated in Chapter 9, Page no. 148-162. solid and hazardous waste shall also be included. EMP shall

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 19 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex include the concept of waste- minimization, recycle/recover techniques, energy conservation and natural resource conservation. viii Proper utilization of fly ash shall NA be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix Action plan for the green belt As per CPCB Guidelines 33% of the total land will development plan in 33% area be used for Green Belt Development. Layout Plan i.e. land with not less than 1,500 showing proposed green belt area is attached with trees per ha. Giving details of this report. species, width of plantation, Layout plan is in Chapter 2, Page no. 41. planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. x Action plan for rainwater Rainwater Harvesting System is the most reliable harvesting measures at plant site solution for augmenting groundwater level to shall be submitted to harvest attain self-sufficiency. All the water will be rainwater from the roof tops and diverted to the underground water tanks storm water drain and also to use constructed and will be used for cooling purposes. for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. xi Total capital cost and recurring Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for cost/annum for environmental environmental pollution control measures pollution control measures shall incorporated in Chapter 9, Page no. 156.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 20 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex be included. xii Action plan for post-project Action plan for post-project environmental environmental monitoring shall monitoring incorporated in the report. be submitted. Detailed in Chapter 6, Page no. 127. xiii Onsite and Offsite Disaster Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man- (natural and Man-made) made) preparedness and emergency management preparedness and emergency plan including Risk Assessment and damage management plan including Risk control is incorporated in the report which is linked Assessment and damage control. with District Disaster Management Plan. Disaster management plan Detailed in Chapter 7, Page no. 132-147. should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8 Occupational health i Details of existing Occupational Proper Occupational & Safety Hazards measures & Safety Hazards. What are the were incorporated in the report. exposure levels of above Periodical health check-up of workers will also be mentioned hazards and whether carried out. they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these Detailed in Chapter 7. are not within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved. ii Details of exposure specific As this is existing unit so the proper health health status evaluation of checkup of the workers was carried out and worker. If the workers’ health is recorded. being evaluated by pre designed The health status of workers is attached as format, chest x rays, Annexure X. Audiometry, Spirometry, vision testing (far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG during pre-

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 21 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. iii Annual report of health status of Occupational Health and Safety measures detailed workers with special reference to in the chapter 7 of the report. Occupational Health and Safety. The health status of workers is attached as Annexure X. iv Plan and fund allocation to Protective equipments will be provided to the ensure the occupational health & workers to ensure the occupation health & safety, safety of all contract and casual budget allocation of Rs. 8 Lakh has been proposed workers. for occupational health and safety. Detailed in Chapter- 7. Page no. 142-143. 9 Corporate Environment Policy i Does the company have a well Presently company is not having any Environment laid down Environment Policy Policy but will formulate in future after approved by its Board of establishment of the proposed project and before Directors? If so, it may be commencement of production. Details in Chapter detailed in the EIA report. 9, Page no. 158 ii Does the environment Policy Environment Monitoring cell shall monitor the prescribe for standard operating implementation of the environment policy process procedures to bring into standards. focus any Detailed in Chapter 9, Page no. 161-162. infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 22 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex iii What is the hierarchical system Environment Monitoring Cell given in Chapter 9 or administrative order of the of EIA report. company to deal with the Detailed in Chapter 9, Page no. 162. environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance condition? Details of this system may be given. iv Does the company have system Environment Monitoring Cell will regularly of reporting of non-compliances monitor the environment norms. violations of environmental Detailed in Chapter 9, Page no. 161-162. norms to the board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report. 10 Details regarding infrastructure Onsite facilities like sanitation facility & rest facilities such as sanitation, fuel, rooms etc will be provided to the workers. restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during constructions as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase. 11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) I Adequate funds (at least 2.5% of Details of funds for Enterprise Social Commitment the project cost) shall be have been given in chapter 8, page no. 149-151. earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 23 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12 Any litigation pending against No litigation is pending for this project. the project and/or any direction/order passed by any court of law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the section 5 of environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant sections of Air and water Acts? If so, details, thereof and compliance ATR to the notice (s) and present status of the case. 13 A tabular chart with index for Complied point wise compliance of above TORs.

Additional TORs for Induction/arc furnace/cupola furnaces 5 TPH or more

1. Complete process flow diagram Complete process diagram mentioned in report describing each unit, its process and under chapter-2 along with power requirement operations, along with material and details. energy inputs & outputs (material and Figure 2-5, Chapter 2. energy balance) 2. Emission from sulphuric acid plant and Not Applicable sulphur muck management. 3. Details of continuous emission Detailed in Chapter 6. monitoring system with recording with proper calibration system. 4. Details on toxic metals including Waste will not contain toxic metals which are

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 24 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex fluoride emissions. used for backfilling purpose. 5. Details on stack height. Stack details is given in chapter 4, page no. 114- 115. 6. Details on ash disposal and Not Applicable management. 7. Complete process flow diagram Complete process diagram mentioned in page describing process of no. 48-50, Figure 2-5, chapter 2. lead/zinc/copper/aluminium, etc. 8. Details on smelting, thermal refining, Details given in chapter 2. melting, slag fuming, and waelz kiln operation 9. Details on holding and de-gassing of NA molten metal from primary and secondary aluminium, materials pre- treatment, and from melting and smelting of secondary aluminium 10. Details on toxic metal content in the Waste Slag generated will be reused and the waste material and its composition and waste material generated will be sent to TSDF end use (particularly of slag) site. Detailed given in chapter-2, page no. 48-50 of EIA report. 11. Trace metals in waste material NA especially slag 12. Plan for trace metal recovery NA 13. Trace metals in water NA

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 25 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of the Report M/s Aarti Impex acquired this industrial unit in July 2016, which was being operated in the name of M/s Omax Steels Ltd. since 2004 located at Budhewal Road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab), is an existing secondary steel processing industrial unit. Presently the industrial unit has an installed production capacity of 70 T/day of MS rolled products (round, square, hexagonal sections etc.) using MS scrap, ingots being purchased from the market as basic raw materials and also using billets being cast in house in the Continuous casting machine from the molten metal produced in induction furnace from MS scrap,

M/s Aarti Impex is planning for total capacity expansion and augmentation. In the process the industrial unit will increase its molten metal generation capacity, continuous casting billets (using CCM), and re-rolling mills of increased capacity. After the proposed expansion, installed production capacity of the industrial unit will increase to 680 T/day of rods and wire rods.

The industrial unit has valid “Consents to operate” for the existing setup and same is valid up to 27.11.2018(Attached as Annexure I).The proposed expansion will be done in the existing plant premises only.

This project is a secondary ferrous metallurgical industry under item 3(a)(c) of the schedule of EIA notification of Sept 14, 2006 issued by MOEF & CC but the project site being in Ludhiana which falls under the Critically Polluted Area therefore the project is categorized under Category A and the Environment Clearance will be granted by the MOEF & CC

The purpose of this EIA study is to take stock of the prevailing quality of environment, to assess the impacts of proposed industrial activity on environment and to plan appropriate environmental control measures to minimize adverse impacts and to maximize beneficial impacts, to establish an Environmental Cell to take appropriate post EC monitoring and compliance measures. The following major objectives have been considered:

 Assess the existing status of environment.  Assess the impacts due to the modification-cum-expansion of project.  Suggest pollution control and ameliorative measures.  Prepare an action plan for implementation of suggested ameliorative measures.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 26 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Suggest a monitoring program to assess the efficacy of the various adopted environmental control measures.  Assess financial considerations for environmental control plans. In pursuance of Government of India Policy, under ‘The Environment (Protection) Act 1986’ and Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB), the proposed expansion will require clearance from environmental angle. The present EIA/EMP report is prepared on the basis of one season environment baseline monitoring data for the month March-May 2017. The present report is prepared in accordance with the guideline of MOEF&CC and as per the Terms of Reference issued by Expert Appraisal Committee of MOEF&CC vide letter no. J- 11011/49/2017-IA-II(I) dated 27.03.2017. For carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study, the area falling within 10 km radius of project site located at Village Budhewal, Budhewal Road, Ludhiana, Punjab, has been considered for generation of baseline data with respect to prevailing air quality, water quality, noise level, soil quality, ecology, socio-economic and meteorology etc. An in-depth analysis of the baseline environmental data generated by actual field monitoring and collected from various secondary sources has been carried out for identifying and predicting the probable environmental impacts due to the expansion of project. Reasonable assumptions have been made, wherever data is found lacking. Based on the findings a suitable environmental management planhas been suggested.

1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent M/s Aarti Impex located at Budhewal, Budhewal road Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab) acquired this plant which was earlier known as M/s Omax Steel Ltd. M/s Aarti Impex took the ownership and management control of the industrial unit in July 2016. The proponent now plans to enhance the production capacity of the plant due to huge demand of the same. The existing plant has 70 T/Day rods and wire rods sections’ capacity based on induction furnace having 6T/heat capacityand has planned to increase the rods and wire rods sections capacity up to 680 T/Day The proponent has proposed to phase out the existing induction furnace of 6T/heat capacityand replace it by multiple induction furnaces having aggregate capacity of 50 T/hour.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 27 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex The proposed addition would be done on existing plant premises. The land is within the plant premises and the project site has ideal infrastructural facilities and easy availability of raw materials.

There is no national park, wild life sanctuary and other sensitive areas within 10 km of the project. The process adopted is eco-friendly.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 28 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex The company will aim for efficient management of the unit, which will require judicious manpower planning, selection of qualified and experienced personnel and also appropriate organizational structure, clearly defining the functions and responsibilities of the managerial and supervising staff.

1.3 Brief Description of the Project Nature, Size, Location of the Project and Its Importance to the Country, Region

1.3.1 Nature of the Project As per Schedule of EIA Notifications 14th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments, the project M/s Aarti Impex, falls under activity 3(a)(c) as a Secondary Ferrous Metallurgical Industry. The project is categorized as Category “A”, due to the project site falling in Ludhiana which is a Critically Polluted Area (CPA). Thus, this industrial expansion and augmentation requires environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), GOI. The land is privately owned by M/s. Aarti Impex. The entire expansion will take place within this land itself.

1.3.2 Size of the Project

Table 1-1: Project Details

S. No Parameters Description 1 Identification of This project is a Secondary Ferrous Metallurgical Industry project with Induction Furnace, Continuous Casting machine and Rolling mills as Item 3(a)(c) of the schedule of EIA notification of Sept 14, 2006 issued by MOEF & CC. 2 Brief description of The proposed project is for the expansion of the nature of the project production capacity from 70 T/Day to 680 T/Day of rolling sections within already established premises only. 3 Salient Features of the Project 3.1 Proposed plant 680 T/Day production (224400 T/Annum) capacity 3.2 Total Plot Area Total Plot Area: 3.931 Hectares 3.3 Location Vill. Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, State: Punjab.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 29 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. No Parameters Description 3.4 Water requirement Water for construction and domestic purpose will be drawn from Borewell. An amount of 150 KLD water will be used during operational phase. 3.5 Source of water Borewell 3.6 Wastewater Domestic waste water generated will be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit. Most of water quantity is in recirculation and will be used for cooling purposes in proposed project activity and the same shall be reused within the plant premises after cooling in cooling towers, neutralization and softening with addition of only makeup water. 3.7 Man Power 250 persons in total. 3.8 Electricity/Power Total Power load is 27700 KVA to run the entire plant & requirement machinery during Construction and Operational Phase. Source: Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. (PSPCL) In case of Power failure one DG set of 500 KVA Capacity will be used. 3.9 Alternative site The proposed additions will be established in the existing plant premises only. 3.10 Land form, Land use Private land, owned by M/s. Aarti Impex. and land ownership 4.0 Project cost The estimated cost of the Project is approximately Rs. 45.13 Crores.

1.3.3 Location of the Project M/s Aarti Impex acquired the industrial unit which was being operated in the name of M/s Omax Steels Ltd., since 2004, located at Vill. Budhewal, Budhewal Road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab) is an existing secondary steel based industrial unit.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 30 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 1-1: General Location of the project site

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 31 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 1.3.4 Importance to the Country & Region Steel is extensively used due to good strength, formability, weld ability, easy availability and has no substitute product. The country’s living standard has now become proportionate with the steel demand. Therefore, to meet this steel demand the renowned as well as the small private industries have put extra effort to increase the quality of these products to international standards. In the present scenario, Steel demand is bound to grow with the boom in construction, housing and infrastructural projects. With our Govt. policy to give more stress to the infrastructural development of the country, the construction has reached its boom. Moreover, the housing sector is growing day by day. Considering the rate of increase of demand it is expected that M.S. billets or rolled steel manufacturing units producing widely consumed rolled products will perform well and will have no difficulty to market its products.  The Indian steel industry has entered into a new development stage from 2007-08, riding high on the resurgent economy and rising demand for steel.  Rapid rise in production has resulted in India becoming the 4th largest producer of crude steel and the largest producer of sponge iron or DRI in the world.  As per the report of the Working Group on Steel for the 12th Plan, there exist many factors which may carry the potential of raising the per capita steel consumption in the country, currently estimated at 55 kg (provisional).

These include among others, an estimated infrastructure investment of nearly a trillion dollars, a projected growth of manufacturing from current 8% to 11-12%, increase in urban population to 600 million by 2030 from the current level of 400 million, emergence of the rural market for steel currently consuming around 10 kg per annum buoyed by projects like Bharat Nirman, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, Prime Minister Awaas Yojana among others.

 At the time of its release, the National Steel Policy 2005 had envisaged steel production to reach 110 million tonnes by 2019-20. However, based on the assessment of the current ongoing projects, both in Greenfield and Brownfield, the Working Group on Steel for the 12th Plan has projected that the crude steel capacity in the county is likely to be 140 MT by 2016-17 and has the potential to reach 149 MT if all requirements are adequately met.  The National Steel Policy 2005 is currently being reviewed keeping in mind the rapid developments in the domestic steel industry (both on the supply and demand sides) as well as the stable growth of the Indian economy since the release of the Policy in 2005.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 32 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex India is the world’s third largest producer of crude steel (up from eight in 2003) and is expected to become second largest producer soon. The growth in the India’s steel sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labor. Consequently, steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output.

The Indian steel industry is very modern with state-of-the-art steel mills. It has always strived for continuous modernization and up gradation of older plants and higher energy efficiency levels. In India, steel is produced both in the public and the private sectors. The private sector is the engine of growth in the steel industry producing steel of mass public consumption. The technological changes and modernization are taking place in both the public and private sector integrated steel plants as well as in the secondary ferrous metallurgical industries in India.

1.4 Scope of EIA Study The scope of the study is to conduct the EIA study covering all the disciplines of environment and field monitoring in relevant disciplines of environment over one season (excluding monsoon months). The EIA report is prepared as per MoEF&CC Notification dated 14.09.2006. As per the Environmental Protection Act 1986 and its amendments in 2006, the secondary ferrous Metallurgical Industry project falls within the item 3(a)(c) of the schedule but Ludhiana having fallen in the category of Critically Polluted Area therefore this project has become category “A” and need a prior Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Control (MoEF&CC), GOI.

It is inevitable to frame a picture of current environment in project area. This has been accomplished by carrying out a field survey and secondary data collection, based on which the mitigation measures have been suggested and the EIA report prepared. The EIA study of proposed project has been carried out as per the following methodology-

 Establishment of baseline environmental status/condition of the environment in the study area of 10 km radius around the project site.  Collection and review of available secondary literature/data/information.  Field study, survey and monitoring in the study area for primary data collection.  Study of the project activities in terms of construction and operation to identify the potential sources/causes of impacts.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 33 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Identification and assessment of potential impacts on the environment during construction and operation phase of the project.  Recommendation of preventive, control and mitigation measures to eliminate/minimize the adverse impacts.  Formulation of an effective Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures for environmental sustainability.

Expert Appraisal committee (Industry) considered the case during its 12thmeeting and baseline data collected from March to May 2017 for prescribing TORs for undertaking detailed EIA/EMP study (Memo No. F. No. J-11011/49/2017-IA-II (I) dated 27thMarch 2017).

1.5 Structure of the EIA Report

The purpose of this report is to carry out Environment Impact Assessment study for the metallurgy plant for expansion of capacity from 70 T/Day to 680 T/Day of M/s Aarti Impex and to prepare Environment Management Plan. The report is divided into Eleven chapters including this chapter, the details of which are summarized below:

Chapter 1: Introduction - The present chapter gives brief outline of the project and its proponent, brief description of the nature, size, and location of the project and its importance, and extent of the EIA study, including the scope of the study.

Chapter 2: Project Description - This chapter deals with the details of the project and various parameters like mineral existing production, proposed production, site location details etc. and also the facilities to monitor and treat the pollutants. The various features of the proposed project are described in this chapter.

Chapter 3: Description of Environment - This chapter presents the baseline data of existing situation of air, water, noise, soil, flora and fauna and socio-economic environment. Various sections of the chapter discuss the site profile, landform and existing land use and drainage pattern, climate and meteorological parameters. Both primary and secondary data collected for the study are depicted in this chapter.

Chapter 4: Impact Assessment & Mitigation Measures - This chapter describes the anticipated impact on the environment and mitigation measures. The method of assessment of impact including studies carried out and modeling techniques adopted to assess the impact where pertinent have been elaborated in this chapter. The details of the impact on the baseline parameters, both during the construction and operational phases and the mitigation measures to be implemented by the proponent have been suggested.

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) - This chapter gives details of various alternatives both in respect of location of site and technologies to be deployed. Alternatives have

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 34 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex been compared in terms of their potential environmental impacts, suitability under local conditions, and institutional training and monitoring requirements.

Chapter 6: Environment Monitoring Plan - This chapter covers the planned Environmental Monitoring Program. It also includes the technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Chapter 7: Additional Studies - This chapter covers the details of the additional studies required in addition to those specified in the ToR and which are necessary to cater to more specific issues applicable to the project.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits - This chapter highlights the benefits accruing to the locality, neighborhood, region and nation as a whole. It brings out details of benefits by way of improvements in the physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, employment potential and other tangible benefits.

Chapter 9: Environment Management Plan - This chapter comprehensively presents the Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which includes the administrative and technical setup, summary matrix of EMP, the cost involved to implement the EMP, both during the construction and operational phase and provisions made towards the same in the cost estimates of project construction and operation.

Chapter 10: Summary & Conclusions – This chapter deals with the overall summary of the project giving details of project i.e. salient features, baseline monitoring of various attributes of environment, their mitigation measures, project benefits etc. which have been discussed in the above chapters

Chapter 11: Disclosure of the Consultant - This chapter presents in brief about the consultant engaged along with the key experts as per QCI/ NABET accreditation scheme.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 35 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type ofthe Project As per the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi gazette notification, dated 14thSeptember 2006, Secondary ferrous metallurgical processing industries have been listed in schedule 3(a)(c)of EIA Notification, 2006. As per this gazette notification and amendment issued on 1st December 2009 and office memorandum dated 24th December 2013 this proposal has been categorized as Category A since project is located in Ludhiana which has been notified as Critically Polluted Area (CPA). It mandates obtaining prior Environmental Clearance from Government of India and therefore shall be appraised at the Central level from the MoEF&CC.

The proposed project is for the expansion of production capacity from 70 T/Day of production capacity with induction furnace, to 680 T/Day of rolled sections such as wire and rods with two Induction Furnaces located within the existing plant premises.

2.2 Need of the Project India is amongst the world’s largest producer of crude steel. The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost- effective labor. Consequently, the steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output.

The Indian steel industry is very modern with state-of-the-art steel mills. It has always strived for continuous modernization and up-gradation of older plants and higher energy efficiency levels.Along with the Public sector the private sector is also considered to be the engine of growth in the steel industry. Technological changes and modernization are taking place in both the public and the private sector integrated steel plants in India.

2.3 Site Location Details The project site is located at Village- Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, State Punjab. The coordinate details are given in Table below-

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 36 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 2-1: Coordinate

Latitude 30°53'22.30"N to30°53'25.86"N Longitude 75°59'22.10"E to75°59'38.55"E

The general location of the proposed project site is shown in Figure 2.1. Topographical map showing project location and features within 10 km of study area is attached as Figure 2.3

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 37 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 2-1: General Location Map

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 38 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

A B

Latitude and Longitude D Point Latitude Longitude C A 30°53'25.90"N 75°59'38.61"E B 30°53'25.90"N 75°59'25.22"E C 30°53'22.34"N 75°59'25.16"E D 30°53'22.29"N 75°59'38.02"E

Figure 2-2: Map Showing Specific Project Site

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 39 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 2-3: Topographical Map of Project Site

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 40 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 2-4: Plant Layout

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 41 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation M/s Aarti Impex is an existing industrial unit at Village Budhewal. The proposed project is for expansion of total production capacity and augmentation of the existing plant. The plant is running with 70 T/Day of production capacity with an induction furnace (having 6 T/heat capacity) and a rerolling mill (including reheating furnace) and it has proposed to enhance the capacity up to 680T/Day of rolled sections within the existing plant premises. The total plot area is 3.931 Ha. The proposed project will use the MS scrap as basic raw materials to manufacture billets in Induction furnaces and continuous casting machine. These billets from CCM are an intermediate product and will be directly fed to rolling mill in red hot condition to finally manufacture rods and wire rods.A part of the plant will continue using ingots purchased from the market being heated up in Reheating furnace and rolled in rolling mill to produce similar rolled products. The total project cost will be Rs. 45.13 Crores. The salient features of the project and land break-up is given in Table below:

Table 2-2: Salient Features of the Proposed Project

S. No Parameters Description 1.0 Identification of This project is a Secondary Ferrous Metallurgical Industry project with Induction Furnace, Continuous Casting machine and Rolling mills as identified at Item 3(a)(c) of the schedule of EIA notification of Sept 14, 2006. 2.0 Project Proponent M/s Aarti Impex 3.0 Brief description of The proposed project is for the expansion of the nature of the project production capacity from 70 T/Day to 680T/Day of rods and wire rods to be produced within already established premises only. 4.0 Salient Features of the Project 4.1 Proposed plant 680 T/Dayproduction (224400 T/Annum) capacity 4.2 Total Plot Area Total Plot Area 3.931 Hectares

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 42 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. No Parameters Description 4.3 Location Village-Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, State: Punjab 4.4 Water requirement Water for construction and domestic purpose will be drawn from Borewell. Approximately 150 KLD water will be used during operational phase. Of which 130 KLD water will be utilized as make up water to the recirculation system meant for cooling purposes in operation. The remaining 20 KLD water shall be used for the domestic purposes as fresh water. 4.5 Source of water Borewell 4.6 Wastewater Domestic wastewater generated will be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit, hence no generation of sewage waste water. The rest of water quantity is used as make up water to the water recirculation system meant to be used for process cooling in proposed project. The same will be cooled in induced draft cooling towers. Blowdown of cooling tower will be taken to a settling tank and occasionally the sludge taken out, dried and disposed as mill scale to the recyclers. The decanted water is reclaimed and again used in process on softening. As such no waste water will be generated. 4.7 Man Power Around 250 person. 4.8 Electricity/Power Total Power load is 27680KVA to run the entire plant & requirement machinery during Construction and Operational Phase. Source:Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. (PSPCL) In case of Power failure one DG set of 500 KVA Capacity has been provided for. 4.9 Alternative site The proposed addition will be established in the existing plant premises only.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 43 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. No Parameters Description 4.10 Land form, Land use Private land, owned by M/s. Atari Impex. and land ownership 5.0 Project cost The estimated cost of the Project is approximately Rs. 45.13Crores 6.0 Nearest Highway NH-95 which is 2.50 km away in southern direction 7.0 Nearest Railway Sahnewal Railway station: 5.7km in SSW direction Station Ludhiana Railway Station:13 km in West direction 8.0 Nearest Airport Ludhiana Airport at a distance of 5.4 km in SW direction 9.0 Nearest National No National Park/Wildlife Sanctuary/Biosphere reserves park/Wildlife available within 10 km radius of the Project Site sanctuaries/Biosphere reserves 10.0 Nearest Protected No protected forest Forest 11.0 Nearest Town/ city Ludhiana 12.0 Seismic zone IV

2.5 Demand –Supply Gap Steel production of India accounted for 14.33 million tons in 1990-91, which gradually increased to 36.12 million tons in 2003-04. Rapid rise in production has resulted in India becoming the 3rdlargest producer of crude steel in 2015 and the country continues to be the largest producer of sponge iron or DRI in the world. As per the report of the Working Group on Steel for the 12th Five Year Plan, there exist many factors which carry the potential of raising the per capita steel consumption in the country. These include among others, an estimated infrastructure investment of nearly a trillion dollars, a projected growth of manufacturing from current 8% to 11-12%, increase in urban population to 600 million by 2030 from the current level of 400 million, emergence of the rural market for steel currently consuming around 10 kg per annum. At the time of its release, the National Steel Policy 2005 had envisaged steel production to reach 110 million tonnes (MT) by 2019-20. However, based on the assessment of the current ongoing projects, both in greenfield and brownfield, the Working Group on Steel for the 12th Five Year

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 44 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Plan has projected that domestic crude steel capacity in the county is likely to be 140 MT by 2016-17 and has the potential to reach 149 MT if all requirements are adequately met. The National Steel Policy 2005 is currently being reviewed keeping in mind the rapid developments in the domestic steel industry (both on the supply and demand sides) as well as the stable growth of the Indian economy since the release of the Policy in 2005. India is expected to become the world's second largest producer of crude steel in the next 10 years, moving up from the third position, as its capacity is projected to increase to about 300 MT by 2025. Huge scope for growth is offered by India’s comparatively low per capita steel consumption and the expected rise in consumption due to increased infrastructure construction and the thriving automobile and railways sectors.

2.6 Technology and Process Description The present proposal is for expansion of existing capacity from 70 MT/Day to 680 MT/Day and the same will be achieved by expansion of production capacity and augmentation of the existing unit. The total raw material required for the capacity expansion will be 750 MT/day. In the process, the molten metal production will increase to 700 T/Day and production capacity of final or end product will increase to 680 T/Day (while operating round the clock). The activities can be summarized as under:

a) Basic raw material (MS scrap and DRI) @750 MT/Day will be used in induction furnace to generate molten metal @700 MT/Day. b) The melting will generate 68 MT/Day of slag, which will be processed in-house for metal extraction (sequential crushing followed by magnetic separation) to recover metallic contents. 10 MT/Day of it is recovered as useful metal (to be reused as input for melting). Remaining slag, 58 MT/Day, will be disposed-off and is usable as building material or for filling low lying areas or send to TSDF till technology becomes available for its more valuable applications. c) The induction furnace burning loss and APCD dust recovery will be 2 MT/day. d) Subsequently, the molten metal will be cast into billets (in continuous casting machine). e) Finishing operations of rolled product will result in 10MT/day of cuttings and trimming loss which are reusable as input feed to induction furnace.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 45 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex f) Continuous casting and rolling operations will also result in generation of 10MT/day of mill scales which is sold to authorized recyclers. g) The flue gas emissions from the induction furnace will be cleaned through APCD system(bagfilter house) and dust collected will be sold to recyclers for recovery of valuable metal contents or disposed-off as hazardous waste through TSDF facility. h) Existing reheating furnace will be operated 2-3 times a month to enable processing of improperly cast billets (during routine production operations) or for reheating the ingots directly purchased from the market for further rolling. i) 130 KLD of makeup water is required forthe cooling water recirculation system to meet process cooling requirements and 20 KLD for domestic water requirements. j) Remaining cooling water make-up requirement will be fulfilled by using soft water. For conditioning of circulating cooling water, cooling towers of 1200 TR capacity (with adequate provision for standby) will be used. k) The cooling system will result in wastewater (due to blow-down/backwash/regeneration) @15 KLD. l) The domestic water consumption will result in generation of 15 KLD of domestic wastewater. m) The wastewaters (after treatment) will be disposed-off onto land for irrigation/watering of green area.

2.7 Manufacturing Process Induction Furnace process includes melting of various types of steel scrap/sponge iron in an induction furnace. The energy needed for melting is provided by electrical power on continuous basis. As entire scrap melts, the slag formed on the top surface is removed. Certain alloys are added to the molten metal to make the desired grade of steel. Then the molten metal will be cast into billets in CCM and same will be directly used for rolling in red hot condition to eliminate the need for reheating.

2.7.1 Induction Furnace A coreless induction furnace operates on a similar principle to a transformer, i.e., the induction coil acts as primary coil, having many turns, and the charge acts as a secondary coil, with only a single turn. When an alternating current is applied to the induction (primary) coil of a furnace, a

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 46 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex significantly larger current is induced in the metallic charge materials. The resistance to the passage of induced current within the furnace charge causes the charge to heat up until it eventually melts. Once the metal is molten, the magnetic field generated creates a stirring action in the bath, producing both homogenization of the chemical composition and assimilation of any bath additions. Electrical energy at 11 kV (3-phase) is converted to 1250 V, through a transformer. It is further subjected to a 3-phase rectification into DC and the inverter system converts the power to 2-phase, high voltage-high frequency. The frequency converter amplifies the frequency from 50 Hz to 500 Hz. This power is applied to furnace coil to generate heat. The manufacturing process is given in Figure 2-5.

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Figure 2-5: Manufacturing Process Flow Chart.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 48 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 2-3: Details of the Proposed Project

S. No. Particulars Existing Proposed expansion Total 1. Unit processes/ Induction furnace Induction furnace machinery Continuous casting Continuous casting (concast) machine (concast) machine Reheating furnace Rolling mill Rerolling mill Required utilities Required utilities 2. Gross melting Existing induction Existing induction furnaces 700 MT/day capacity furnace having will be replaced bytwo new capacity of 6 multiple induction furnaces MT/heat having gross capacity of 50 producing 80 T/heat, producing 700 MT/day MT/day of molten steel. 3. Installed 70 MT/day 610MT/day 680 MT/day production capacity 4. Fixed capital 1570 lacs 2943 lacs 4513 lacs investment 5. Electrical power 2680 kVA 25000 kVA 27680 kVA requirement 6. Raw material 90 MT/day 660 MT/day 750 MT/day requirement 7. Ferro-alloys 750 kg/day 4450 kg/day 5200 kg/day requirement 8. Land area 39310 m2 NIL 39310 m2 9. Manpower 100 150 250 requirement 10. Gross water 30 KLD 120 KLD 150 KLD requirement 11. Gross 10 KLD 120 KLD 130 KLD Wastewater generation

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 49 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. No. Particulars Existing Proposed expansion Total 12. Solid waste generation  Slag 3 MT/day 44 MT/day 47 MT/day  Mill scale 1 MT/day 14 MT/day 15 MT/day 13. Hazardous waste  APCD dust 2MT/day 2MT/day  Spent 200 kg/year 300 kg/year 500 kg/year lubricant

* Existing induction furnaces will be phased out and will be replaced with multiple induction furnaces having aggregate capacity of 50 T/heat

2.8 Water, Man Power Requirement, Power Requirements and other Site Services

2.8.1 Water Source and Utilization The water requirement in the plant is mainly for the following purposes:

1. Industrial Purposes: Primary coil cooling, transformer cooling and panel cooling of induction furnace, CCM mould cooling, CCM secondary cooling spray and open machinery cooling etc. 2. Domestic Purposes: Drinking and sanitation, spraying and cleaning etc.

A total of 150 KLD of fresh water will be required for this project, out of which 130 KLD water will be required as make up water in the water recirculation system meant for process cooling and 20 KLD water is required for domestic consumption for drinking and sanitation. Expected Source of Water: Water will be drawn from Bore well.

Water requirement is primarily for industrial use (for cooling purposes), dust suppression system, domestic use, firefighting and miscellaneous use. Raw water will be sent to plant water reservoir by means of raw water pumps. Water supply facilities include supply of industrial water, soft water, drinking water and firefighting water to various proposed units of the plant. Water will be treated in a water softening plant to meet the soft water demand of the process where water is recirculated for indirect cooling. The concept of extensive recycling of water has been adopted in the design of plant

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 50 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex water systems. Blow down from cooling towers of plant water recirculation will be considered for cascaded reuse in the plant water system as far as practicable and also to maintain zero liquid discharge. Blow down water will be taken to a pond where water will be allowed to settle down and decanted water will be reused for plantation and for dust suppression. The sanitary waste water will be discharged to a septic tank followed by soak pit and ultimately outflow water and the dried manure will be used for green belt development within the plant as well as outside the plant on road sides.

Complete water balance is given in Figure 2-6 along with complete statement of water balance.

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Figure 2-6: Water Balance Chart

2.8.2 Man-Power Requirement Total manpower of the proposed project would be 250. The details are given below -

Table 2-4: Manpower Details

Existing Proposed Total 100 150 250

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 52 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 2.8.3 Power Requirement The electric power supply & distribution in the plant with auxiliaries, illumination system for in- plant and outdoor area including internal road lighting is all included in power distribution. Power will be supplied by Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd (PSPCL). The total power required for the operation of plant & machinery, during construction and operation phase will be around 27680 KVA. Permission from Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd (PSPCL) is attached as Annexure V.

2.9 Sources of Pollution and Control Measures

2.9.1 Air Pollution & its Mitigation Measures Air in and over the plant area and beyond its boundaries gets polluted with gases, fumes and dust particles emanating from the stacks, transfer points of conveying, crushing and handling equipment in the slag metal extraction unit. The air pollutants in the plant may be classified broadly into particulate matter like dust, fumes etc and gases like Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide etc. The flue gases are generated during melting of scrap/sponge iron. Quantity and quality of flue gases mainly depends upon type of scrap used in the furnace, i.e. with the degree of contamination of scrap. These flue gases need proper treatment for removal of dust particles before being discharged into the atmosphere. The measures to control the air pollution will consist of fume extraction system for the Induction Furnace through a bag filter and stack to ensure the emission within the standards. The material handling systems will be provided with dust suppression systems. This will meet ambient air quality standards as laid down by Central Pollution Control Board for industrial areas. The technological equipment and processes have been selected with the above objectives. Fumes generated in the Induction Furnace shall be captured through suction hoods of swiveling typeside hoods to cover the charging, melting, and tapping processes. The gases from the Induction furnace are passed through Spark Arrestor to catch any burning particle before entry to Pulse Jet Bag Filter provided for dust cleaning purpose. Due to ingress of ambient air into suction hoods of Induction furnace, the temperature of the gas before inlet to Bag filter shall be around 100°C. The bag house shall be efficient for filtration of dust by high pressure compressed air pulses. Dust content in the exhaust air shall be limited to 50mg/Nm3.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 53 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Dust collected in the Spark Arrestor & Bag House shall be collected in HDPE bags, sealed from moisture penetration. The collected APCD dust shall be transported to the Recyclers for recovery of valuable metals and subsequent disposal. The clean & cool gas from the bag house shall be exhausted through a chimney by an Induced draft (ID) fan. The height of the self-supporting chimney shall be 35 m and will be provided with lightning arrestor, aviation lightings, and stair ways with provision of platform for measuring dust level and gas contents in the exhaust gas emitted to the atmosphere. The stack height will be as per CPCB norms to ensure ground level concentration of various pollutants within the permissible limits.

Table 2-5: Fugitive Emission Source and Mitigation Measures

S. No. Fugitive Emission Source Mitigation Measures 1. From Induction Furnace Gaseous discharge will be done through APCD System, Spark Arrestor, Bag filter, ID Fan 2. From Work Zone Area Fugitive emissions will be mitigated by the help of APC System.

2.9.2 Water Pollution & its Mitigation Measures

The concept of extensive recycling of water has been adopted in the design of plant water systems. Quality of circulating water will be maintained through dosing of conditioning chemical. Blow down from plant water recirculation will be considered for cascaded reuse in the plant water system as far as practicable and maintain minimum plant effluent discharge. Through cascadedre-use, blow-down, the water scheme ensures practically zero discharge from the industrial water circuit. Water mainly required for only cooling purpose which is made up from the borewell. No pre-treatment of water is required except softening of water that will be required for indirect cooling purposes. The cooling tower blowdown water is used in dust suppression or green belt development. No wastewater will be generated from the plant, only domestic wastewater is generated. Sanitary waste water will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit and out flowing treated water will be used for plantation purposes.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 54 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3 DESCRPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction To assess environmental impacts from a project at a specific location, it is essential to establish baseline status and monitor the environmental quality prevailing in the surrounding area prior to expansion of the project. The environmental status within the impact zone could be used for identification of significant environmental issues to be addressed in the impact assessment study. The chapter contains information on existing environmental scenario for the following parameters.

 Meteorology  Land Environment  Water Environment  Air Environment  Noise Environment  Biological Environment  Socio-economic Environment The baseline information was gathered from both primary and secondary sources; field surveys were conducted for one season from March 2017 to June 2017 to collect data/information on water quality, air quality, noise and ecological parameter as well as social aspects.

3.2 Site Description and Its Environment The project site is located at Village- Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, State Punjab.The study area map for developing the baseline environment extends for a radius of 10 km from the proposed project site. The location map showing the project site is given in Figure 3-1.

The nearest railway station is Sahnewal Railway station about 9 km& Ludhiana Railway Station about 18 km South direction from the project site while the nearest airport is in Ludhiana airport about 8.0 Km in SW direction. The site is approachable by metalled roads from National NH-95 approx. 2.50 km away in South direction.

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Project Site

Figure 3-1: Project Location Map.

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3.3.1 Climate and Rainfall The climate of district is characterized by dryness except in the brief monsoon season, a very hot summer and a bracing winter. The cold season is from about the middle of November to the early part of March. The succeeding period up to about the end of the June is the hot season. July, August and first half of September constitute the south-west monsoon. The period from mid- September to about the middle of November may be termed the post-monsoon or transitional period. Temperature– There is a meteorological observatory in the district at Ludhiana and the records of this station may be taken as representative of the meteorological conditions in the district in general. Temperatures increase rapidly after February. June is generally the hottest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 40.6°C (105.1°F) and the mean daily minimum at 27.2° C (81.0° F). Hot scorching dust-laden winds blow during the summer season and on individual days the day temperature may reach above 45° C (113° F). Afternoon thundershowers and occasional dust-storms bring welcome relief from the heat though only temporarily. With the onset of the monsoon in the district early in July, there is appreciable drop in the day temperatures. But the night temperatures in the monsoon season arenearly as high asin the latter part of summer. Because of the increased moisture in the monsoon air, the weather is quite sultry and uncomfortable even in the monsoon season in between the rains. After about mid-September when the monsoon withdraws, the night temperatures decrease rapidly. But the drop in the day temperature is not so rapid. From about November, however, both the day and night temperatures decrease rapidly till January, which is the coldest month. The mean daily maximum in January is19.5° C (67.1° F) and the mean daily minimum 6.4° C (43.5° F). During the winter season,in association with passing western disturbances, cold waves affect the district and theminimum temperature drops down below freezing point. The highest maximum temperature recorded at Ludhiana was 48.3° C (118.9° F)on May. The lowest minimum temperature has been recorded in January. Rainfall: The normal annual rainfall of the district is 680 mm which is unevenly distributed over the area in 34 days. The south west monsoon sets in from last week of June and withdraws in end of September, contributed about 78% of annual rainfall. July and August are the wettest months.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 57 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Rest 22% rainfall is received during non-monsoon period in the wake of western disturbances and thunder storms.

Normal Annual Rainfall: 680mm Normal monsoon Rainfall: 528 mm Temperature Mean Maximum:1.2°C(May & June) Mean Minimum:5.8°C(January) Normal Rain days: 34 *Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/district_profile/punjab/ludhiana.pdf

Cloudiness- During the monsoon season and for spells of a day or two inassociation with passing western disturbances, the skies are moderately to heavily clouded and overcast occasionally. During the rest of the year, skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded.

Winds- Winds are generally light in the district. In the south-west monsoon seasonwinds from directions between north-east and south-east are common but, on many days, particularly in the afternoon, westerly or north-westerly winds also blow. In the rest of the year westerly to north- westerly winds predominate except in the latter half of the summer season when easterlies and south- easterlies blow on some days. Special weather phenomena - During the cold season, western disturbances affect the weather over the district. Thunder-storms occur in association with these. Thunder-storms also occur during the summer and to a lesser extent in the monsoon season. Dust-storms affect the district during the summer season

Windrose: The wind rose diagram, prepared based on the available IMD data is given in Figure: 3.1

3.4 Land Environment 3.4.1 Land Use Land use/ Land cover map of study area for the project is prepared by digitizing SOI toposheet, which has helped in the study of land use pattern of the study area. Site visit was conducted to study area for collection of real time data. Information from ground truthing & SOI toposheet was clubbed for preparation of land use /land cover map.

Land is already available within the plant asPrivate land, owned by M/s. Aarti Impex, located at Village- Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana, State Punjab.

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Figure 3-2: Wind Rose Diagramme.

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Figure 3-3: Landuse Map

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 60 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex For the preparation of Landuse/landcover map the methodology adopted is shown in flow chart given below:

Data Acquisition Coupled with Reconnaissance Survey

Data Enhancement, Processing and Integration

Preliminary Landuse/ Landcover Classfication

Ground Truth verification

Finalization Landuse/Landcover Classfication

Developments of Landuse/Landcover Maps

Land Use & Land Cover Classes

There LULC classes included Built up area, Mining, Crop land, Fallow land, Forest, Scrub, Barren/unculturable land, Wetlands, Water bodies, Snow and Glaciers etc. The definition of Land use pattern present within 10 km radius of the project site is given as:

Definitions

Crop Land: These are the areas with standing crop as on the date of Satellite overpass. They are widely distributed indifferent terrains; prominently appear in the irrigated are as irrespective of the source of irrigation. It includes kharif, rabi and zaid crop lands along with areas under double or triple crops.

Fallow Land: An agricultural system with an alternation between a cropping period of several years and a fallow period. (Ruthenberg, 1980). In other terms these are the lands, which are taken up for cultivation but are temporarily allowed to rest, un-cropped for one or more season, but not less than one year.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 61 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Built-Up Area: It is an area of human habitation developed due to non-agricultural use and that has a cover of buildings, transport and communication, utilities in association with water, vegetation and vacant lands. Web LULC map consists of 3 classes under built-up viz., urban, rural and mining.

Scrubs: These are the areas which are generally seen at the fringes of dense forest cover and settlements, where there is biotic and abiotic interference. Most times they are located closer to habitations. The area is devoid of tree cover, observed as openings of assorted size and shapes as manifested on the imagery are also included in this category.

Forest Land: The term forest is used to refer to land with a tree canopy cover of more than 10 percent and area of more than 0.5 ha. Forests are determined both by the presence of trees and the absence of other predominant land uses. The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of 5 m (MOEF, 2011)

Water Bodies: This category comprises areas with surface water in the form of ponds, lakes, tanks and reservoirs.

Table 3-1: Land use Classification

S.No Class Area (in Ha) Percentage (%) 1 Crop Land 9834.55 30 2 Fallow Land 15452.71 47.48 3 Built Up Land 6454.27 20 4 Shrubs/Scrubs 196.16 1 5 Forest Land 211.96 1 6 Water Bodies 168.6 0.52 Total 32318.25 100

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Landuse classfication 1% 1% 0.52%

20% 30% Crop Land Fallow Land Built Up Land Shrubs/Scrubs Forest Land 47% Water Bodies

3.4.2 Geology There is nothing of geological interest in the district, as it is situated entirely onthe alluvium. The district forms a part of the widespread Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain. The area is entirely covered by alluvial deposits which consist of clay and sand with Kankar. Locally beds of gravel and cemented sands are occasionally present with the unconsolidated sands. The soils are alkaline in nature. The soils are deficient in nitrogen and organic matter. Within the alluvial tract occur the saline and alkaline soils. In the immediate vicinity of the river is a strip of land liable to annual inundation and called Mand or Kachcha. The soil of Mand is generally a stiff, moist loam of dark colour. Saline efflorescence appears here and there all over the Bet. In the neighbourhood of the high bank the surface is uneven and the upper soil is a poor lightsand, shifting under every wind, and blown into hillocks in the half of the district, east of the Malerkotla road, the prevailing soil is a stiff loam of darkish colour, with a good deal of clay in it, while to the west of this road a much larger portion of the area is a light loam or sand. Economic Minerals.– The only mineral product of the district is Kankar, which is quarried in many places, and is to be found in sufficient quantity and at so convenient sites that there is no difficulty in obtaining a supply for all the metalled roads and for lime. Saltpeter used to be made in a few villages, but the manufacture has been stopped under new regulations.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 63 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3.4.3 Topography Ludhiana district is centrally located in the Punjab plain region. The topography of Ludhiana District is typical representative of an Alluvial plain; it owes its origin to the aggravation work of the Sutlej River. The alluvium deposited by the river has been worked over by the wind, which gave rise to a number of small dunes & sand mounds. The summer monsoons with their south- westerly direction have played an important role in determining the direction of these sand dunes which mostly run in south – west north – east direction. The brave hard-working agriculturists of the district have leveled most of these dunes. The District can be divided into the Flood Plain of the Sutlej & the upland plain.

In the Ludhiana plain, the elevation ranges from about 268 meters in the east to about 216 meters in the west. Thus, the lies of the land are from east to west at a gentle gradient of about 2 feet in a mile. Some notable heights in the district are Machhiwara (264 meters), Samrala (265 meters), Khanna (263 meters), Ludhiana (246 meters) and Satluj Bridge (242 meters). *Source: -http://www.ludhianadistrict.com/locationtopo.php

3.4.4 Seismic Considerations The entire district of Ludhiana falls under Seismic Zone IV as per the Seismic Zoning Map of India (IS Code: 1893:2002) most earthquakes in this region are shallow though a few earthquakes of intermediate depth have been recorded in Punjab. However, it must be stated that proximity to faults does not necessarily translate into a higher hazard as compared to areas located farther away, as damage from earthquakes depends on numerous factors such as subsurface geology as well as adherence to the building codes.

3.4.5 Soil Characteristics Soil is our prime natural and economic resource because we derive everything that we need in our life from it. The soil is a natural body of mineral and organic materials differentiated into horizons which differ among themselves as well as from the underlying material in morphology, physical make-up, chemical composition and biological characteristics.There are many different classifications of soils of Punjab by different sources.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 64 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex These soils belong to the aridic zone spreading over south -western parts of the state in Abohar tehsil and Zira area of Firozpur district, Mukatsar district, large parts of Bathinda and Mansa districts and some patches in Sangrur and Ludhiana districts. These soils cover more than 11% of the total area of the state. These soils have developed under arid and hot climate and thin cover or bush vegetation. The average rainfall is upto 30 cm. This soil is dry and deficient in humus. It is poor in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The reaction is from normal to alkaline and pH value ranges from 7.5 to 8.5. The fertility with respect to plant nutrient is LMM (low to medium). In the south -western aridic zone wind action has played a major role in the formation of these soils. These are sand dune studded. The soils are covered by windblown sand. The soils are light in colour from yellow to light brown. These soils are suitable for the cultivation of cotton, moth, citrus, wheat, bajra and other Kharif fodder. The soils suffer from wind erosion especially in the summers.

Tropical Arid Brown Soil: This soil covers parts of Amristar, the south-western half of Gurdaspur tehsil, Batala tehsil, Kapurthala district except Sultanpur, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Patiala and the Malerkotla tehsil of Sangrur district. Some parts in the south-west of Ropar district also fall in the zone. The soil is deficient in nitrogen, potash and phosphorus. *source http://punenvis.nic.in/

Table 3-2: Soil quality Monitoring Location Details

Distance & StationNo. Location Direction AIL-SS-01 Project Site - AIL-SS-02 Sahibana 2.39km, WNW AIL-SS-03 Mudian Khurd 5.75km W AIL-SS-04 Bhagpur 4.80 km E AIL-SS-05 Mangarh 4.10 km SE AIL-SS-06 Sahnewal 6.54 km, SSW AIL-SS-07 Dhanansu 4.25 km NNE AIL-SS-08 BhaniNathu 6.36 Km NE

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 65 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex The eight collected soil samples were analyzed by laboratory. The analysis was done for physical properties, chemical and physicochemical characters. The evaluation of initial soil quality based on the above characters is done and presented as below.

Table 3-3: Standard Soil Classification

S. No. Parameters Classification 1. pH <4.5 extremely acidic 4.51 – 5.0 very strong acidic 5.01 – 5.5 strongly acidic 5.51-6.0 moderately acidic 6.1 – 6.5 slightly acidic 6.51-7.3 neutral 7.31-7.8 slightly alkaline 7.81-8.5 moderately alkaline 8.51 – 9.0 strongly alkaline >9.0 very strongly alkaline 2. Salinity Electrical Up to 1.0 average Conductivity (milli 1-2 harmful to germination mho/cm) 2-3 harmful to crops 1 mho/cm = 640 ppm 3. Nitrogen (kg/ha) Up to 50 very less 51-100 less 110-150 good 151-300 better >300 sufficient 4. Phosphorus (Kg/ha) Up to 15 very less 15 – 30 less 31-50 medium 51-65 on average sufficient 66-80 sufficient >80 more than sufficient 5. Potassium (Kg/Ha) 0-120 very less 120-180 less 180-240 medium 241-300 average 301-360 better >360 more than sufficient

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Figure 3-4: Soil Monitoring Locations

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 67 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 3-4: Soil Quality Data

SNo Parameters Unit Result Location Project Sahibana Mudian Bhagpur Mangarh Sahnewal Dhanansu BhaniNathu site Khurd 1 pH -- 7.85 7.88 7.74 7.72 7.84 7.87 7.75 7.85 2 Soil Texture --- Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Clay Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Loam Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Loam 3 Sand % 75.2 78.5 58.5 74.5 68.5 58.4 78.4 78.7 4 Clay % 18.2 15.8 34.7 18.4 27.3 32.5 12.5 14.4 5 Silt % 6.6 5.7 6.8 7.1 4.1 9.1 9.1 6.9 6 Bulk Density g/cc 1.25 1.28 1.24 1.27 1.29 1.32 1.44 1.48 7 Porosity % 28 29 32 35 34 28 44 47 8 Permeability Cm/hr 1.5 1.7 0.9 0.8 1.8 1.4 1.9 2.2 9 Conductivity mS/cm 0.062 0.065 0.084 0.092 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.12 10 Organic Carbon % 1.06 1.08 1.04 1.11 1.02 1.11 1.00 1.02 11 Organic matter % 1.83 1.87 1.8 1.91 1.76 1.91 1.73 1.76 12 Water Holding % 25.00 22.00 24.00 27 29.00 24.00 21.00 25.00 Capacity 13 TKN % 0.12 0.15 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.18 0.12 0.15 14 Available mg/gm 0.39 0.41 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.38 0.32 0.35 Phosphorus 15 Available mg/kg 25 28 24 27 22 25 18 19 potassium 16 Available Cd mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 17 Available Cr mg/kg 2.45 BDL 1.22 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 18 Available Pb mg/kg BDL BDL 0.58 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 19 Available Ni mg/kg 3.24 3.15 2.22 1.23 0.98 1.22 2.44 2.23 20 Available Zn ug/g 11.2 15.2 14.5 11.5 10.2 12.2 8.4 8.5 21 Available Cu ug/g 13.5 10.2 8.2 11.4 14.7 12.2 8.1 8.4 22 Available Fe ug/g 22.51 24.54 15.27 18.44 22.58 25.72 25.84 28.58 23 Available Mn ug/g 5.22 3.52 4.74 5.54 5.92 6.58 4.24 4.28

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3.4.6 Sampling Process & Analysis

The soil samples were collected once during the study period from each location. The sampling was done using Augur Sampler and samples were filled in polythene bags, labeled in the field with number and site name and sent to laboratory for analysis. Sampling & Analysis of soil was done as per ISO/ IS: 2720/ Soil Chemical Analysis by M.L. Jackson.

3.4.7 Result Analysis

Physical characters: The physical characters include Bulk density, grain size distribution (textural analysis).

Grain size distribution: Texture indicates relative proportion of various sizes of primary soil particles such as sand, silt and clay present in the soil. Based on their quantities present in the soil sample and using the textural classification diagram. The textural classes of eight soil samples ranges from clay loam to clay (moderately fine to fine texture.) Bulk density values confirm the textural class.

Bulk Density: In case of bulk density total soil space (space occupied by solid and pore spaces combined) are taken in to consideration. Thus, Bulk Density is defined as the mass (weight) of a unit volume of a dry soil. This volume would, of course include both solids and pores. Soil texture, soil structure and organic matter content are the factors influencing the bulk density of a soil. Bulk Density, besides being an interesting and significant physical characteristic, is very important as a basis for certain computations. The Bulk density of the eight-soil sample under consideration ranges between 1.25 to 1.48 gm/cc and confirms the clay loam to clay texture of the soils of the area under study.

Chemical Characters: The parameters considered for chemical analysis are: Soil reaction (pH), Electrical conductivity (EC), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Cations, like Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium and Potassium, water soluble sulphates,and chlorides, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Macro nutrients like Available Nitrogen, total Organic carbon, organic matter Available phosphorus, available potassium, Micro nutrients like Iron Zinc, manganese and boron. Heavy metals like Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr).

Soil reaction (pH): The nutritional importance of pH is illustrated, thus hydrogen ion concentration has influence not only on, solubility of nutrients, but also upon facility with which these nutrients are absorbed by plants, even already in soil solution for e.g. Fe, Mn and Zn become less available as pH rises from 4.5 to 7 to 8. At pH 6.5 to7.0 utilization of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen becomes more available. In case of phosphorus it becomes less available to plant as pH increases above 8.5, due to its fixation in exchange complex of soil. For the eight-

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 69 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex soil sample under consideration the pH ranges between 7.72 to 7.88 indicating soils are moderately basic and nearly balanced for plant nutrient management.

Electrical conductivity (EC): The salt content of the soils is estimated by EC measurements, and is useful to designate soils as normal or sodic (saline). Electrical conductivity is expressed as µmhos/cm or mmhos/cm or sm/cm at 25◦C. The EC of eight soil samples is between 0.062 to 1.44mS/cm and are below the limits to be called as saline and hence the soils are normal for crop growth.

Organic Carbon / Organic matter (%): Although accounting for only a small part of the total soil mass in mineral soils, organic matter influences physical, chemical, and biological activities in the soil. Organic matter in the soil is plant and animal residue which serves as a reserve for many essential nutrients, especially nitrogen. Determination of organic matter helps to estimate the nitrogen which will be released by bacterial activity for the next season depending on the conditions, soil aeration, pH, type of organic material, and other factors. The eight soil samples under consideration contain 1.00 to1.11% organic carbon and 1.73 to 1.91% organic matters, calculated from organic carbon estimation.

Available Nitrogen (N):Nitrogen is a part of all living cells and is a necessary part of all proteins, enzymes and metabolic processes involved in the synthesis and transfer of energy. Nitrogen is a part of chlorophyll, the green pigment of the plant that is responsible for photosynthesis. Helps plants with rapid growth, increasing seed and fruit production and improving the quality of leaf and forage crops.

Available Phosphorus (P): Like nitrogen, phosphorus (P) is an essential part of the process of photosynthesis involved in the formation of all oils, sugars, starches, etc. helps with the transformation of solar energy into chemical energy; proper plant maturation; withstanding stress, effects rapid growth, encourages blooming and root growth. The phosphorus content of soil of eight samples ranges between 0.32 to0.44 mg/gm.

Available Potassium (K): Potassium is absorbed by plants in larger amounts than any other mineral element except nitrogen and in some cases calcium. It helps in the building of protein, photosynthesis, fruit quality and reduction of diseases. The Potassium content of eight soil samples ranges between 18 to 28mg/kg.

Cation Exchange capacity (CEC): The total amount of exchangeable cations that a soil can retain is designated as cation exchange capacity (CEC) and usually expressed as me/100gm of soil. Determination of amount of cations present in soil is useful, because CEC influences the availability of adsorbed cations to both higher plants and soil microorganisms. Thus, CEC is directly related to fertility of soils. A soil with low CEC indicates low fertility and soils with high CEC indicates high fertility. Eight soil samples are clayey having high percentage of clay, hence CEC in turn is high and fertility is also high

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 70 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Exchangeable Calcium (Ca++) Calcium, an essential part of plant cell wall structure, provides for normal transport and retention of other elements as well as strength in the plant. It is also thought to counteract the effect of alkali salts and organic acids within a plant and soil acidity. For normal crop growth a base saturation percent of soils more than 50% is required.

Exchangeable Magnesium (Mg++): Magnesium is part of the chlorophyll in all green plants and essential for photosynthesis. It also helps activate many plant enzymes needed for growth.

Exchangeable Sodium (Na+): Though sodium is not an essential plant nutrient, but it has some role in potassium nutrition. Sodium also has a role in affecting the pH of soils; Sodium present above a certain limit makes soil alkaline which affect soil physical condition and fixing of available phosphorus.

Sodium Adsorption ratio (SAR): Sodium adsorption ratio is ratio of Na+ to under root of Ca++Mg++ by 2. SAR values of soil solution along with EC and pH helps in diagnosing soils as normal, saline, saline-alkali or alkali.

Iron (Fe): Iron is essential for crop and other plants for chlorophyll formation. Iron deficiency likely occurs in soils with high pH, poor aeration, excessive phosphorus, or low organic matter. It may be produced also by an imbalance of Mo, Cu, and Man. In plants, the deficiency shows up as a pale green leaf color (chlorosis) with sharp distinction between green veins and yellow inter- venial tissues. The iron content of eight samples ranges between 15.27 to 28.58 ug/g.

Aluminum (Al):Exchangeable Aluminum (Al) is not present in a plant available form in soils with a pH above 5.5 and therefore tests for extractable aluminum need only be done on distinctly acid soils. In soils with a pH range of 4.5 - 5.5 are those most likely to be affected by aluminum toxicity.

Zinc (Zn):Zn deficiency most often is present in sandy soils with neutral or alkaline pH, or with low organic matter. Total zinc may be high, but the availability depends on other factors. In the present eight samples Zinc content ranges between8.4 to 15.2ug/g.

Boron (B) There is a very narrow range between deficiency and toxicity in boron. Deficiencies are more often when organic matter is low and dry weather slows the decomposition. Uptake of boron is reduced at pH level higher than 7.0 Plant toxicity symptoms manifest as leaf tip and marginal chlorosis. Boron toxicity occurs in dry areas and is generally associated with irrigation water.

Water-Soluble Sulphates as SO4: This test measures readily available Sulphur in the form of dissolved plus absorbed sulphate. Sulphur testing is important where low Sulphur or sulphur-free fertilizers are used, such as high analysis NPK fertilizers. Retention of sulphate orsulphur by the

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 71 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex soil is related to its phosphate retention, with high leaching losses of sulphate being associated with low phosphate retention soils. This should also be taken into account when considering sulphur fertilizer options.

Water Soluble Chlorides as Cl: The Cl- anion does not form complexes readily and shows little affinity (or specificity) in its adsorption to soil components. Thus, Cl- movement within the soil is largely determined by water flows. Chlorine is an essential micronutrient for higher plants. It is present mainly as Cl-. Chloride is a major osmotically active solute in the vacuole and is involved in both turgor- and osmo regulation. In the cytoplasm it may regulate the activities of key enzymes. In addition, Cl-also acts as a counter anion and Cl- fluxes are implicated in the stabilization of membrane potential, regulation of intracellular pH gradients and electrical excitability.

Heavy Metals: Soils may become contaminated by the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids through emissions from the rapidly expanding industrial areas, mine tailings, disposal of high metal wastes, leaded gasoline and paints, land application of fertilizers, animal manures, sewage sludge, pesticides, wastewater irrigation, coal combustion residues, spillage of petrochemicals, and atmospheric deposition. Heavy metals constitute an ill-defined group of inorganic chemical hazards, and those most commonly found at contaminated sites are lead (Pb), chromium (Cr),arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni). Soils are the major sink for heavy metals released into the environment by aforementioned anthropogenic activities and unlike organic contaminants which are oxidized to carbon (IV) oxide by microbial action, most metals do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation and their total concentration in soils persists for a long time after their introduction Changes in their chemical forms (speciation) and bioavailability are, however, possible. The presence of toxic metals in soil can severely inhibit the biodegradation of organic contaminants. Heavy metal contamination of soil may pose risks and hazards to humans and the ecosystem through: direct ingestion or contact with contaminated soil, the food chain (soil-plant-human or soil-plant animal-human), drinking of contaminated ground water, reduction in food quality (safety and marketability) via phyto- toxicity, reduction inland usability for agricultural production causing food insecurity, and land tenure problems.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 72 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Chromium (Cr): Chromium mobility depends on sorption characteristics of the soil, including clay content, iron oxide content, and the amount of organic matter present. Chromium can be transported by surface runoff to surface waters in its soluble or precipitated form. Soluble and un-adsorbed chromium complexes can leach from soil into groundwater. The leachability of Cr (VI) increases as soil pH increases. Most of Cr released into natural waters is particle associated, however, and is ultimately deposited into the sediment. In the eight samples the chromium ranges between BDL to 2.45 mg/kg and is within normal limits.

Lead (Pb): Typical mean Pb concentration for surface soils worldwide averages 32 mg kg-1 and ranges from 10 to 67 mg kg-1. The most serious source of exposure to soil lead is through direct ingestion of contaminated soil or dust. In general, plants do not absorb or accumulate lead. However, in soils testing high in lead, it is possible for some lead to be taken up. Studies have shown that lead does not readily accumulate in the fruiting parts of vegetable and fruit crops (e.g., corn, beans, squash, tomatoes, strawberries, and apples). Higher concentrations are more likely to be found in leafy vegetables (e.g., lettuce) and on the surface of root crops (e.g., carrots). Since plants do not take up large quantities of soil lead, the lead levels in soil considered safe for plants will be much higher than soil lead levels where eating of soil is a concern (pica). Generally, it has been considered safe to use garden produce grown in soils with total lead levels less than 300 ppm. The risk of lead poisoning through the food chain increases as the soil lead level rises above this concentration. Even at soil levels above 300 ppm, most of the risk is from lead contaminated soil or dust deposits on the plants rather than from uptake of lead by the plant. In the eight samples the Lead ranges between BDL to 0.58 mg/kg and within permissible limit.

Nickel (Ni): Nickel is an element that occurs in the environment only at very low levels and is essential in small doses, but it can be dangerous when the maximum tolerable amounts are exceeded. It usually takes a long time for nickel to be removed from air. The larger part of all Ni compounds that are released to the environment will adsorb sediment or soil particles and become immobile as a result. In acidic soils, however, Ni becomes more mobile and often leaches down to the adjacent groundwater. In the eight soil samples, the nickel content is below the limit i.e. 0.98 to 3.24 mg/kg.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 73 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Arsenic (As): Arsenate can adsorb or co precipitates with metal sulfides and has a high affinity for other sulfur compounds. Elemental arsenic and arsine, AsH3, may be present under extreme reducing conditions. Biotransformation (via methylation) of arsenic creates methylated derivatives of arsine. As compounds adsorb strongly to soils and are therefore transported only over short distances in groundwater and surface water.

Mercury (Hg): Sorption to soils, sediments, and humic materials is an important mechanism for the removal of Hg from solution. Sorption is pH dependent and increases as pH increases. Mercury may also be removed from solution by co-precipitation with sulphides. Under anaerobic conditions, both organic and inorganic forms of Hg may be converted to alkylated forms by microbial activity, such as by sulfurreducing bacteria. Elemental mercury may also be formed under anaerobic conditions by demethylation of methyl mercury, or by reduction of Hg (II). Acidic conditions (pH < 4) also favor the formation of methyl mercury, whereas higher pH values favor precipitation of HgS(s).

Cadmium (Cd):The application of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, and biosolids (sewage sludge), the disposal of industrial wastes or the deposition of atmospheric contaminants increases the total concentration of Cd in soils, and the bioavailability of this Cd determines whether plant Cd uptake occurs to a significant degree. Cadmium is very bio - persistent but has few toxicological properties and, once absorbed by an organism, remains resident for many years. The eight samples contain cadmium BDL.

From the interpretation of field data, physical and chemical data it can be concluded that: As per the physical data, soils are moderately fine to fine texture, having low bulk density, imperatively high water holding capacity, and slow permeability. As per physical characters soils are rated as moderate to good for agriculture. As per chemical characters soil reaction (pH) soils are moderately alkaline and electrical conductivity (EC) is non-saline (normal). Organic matter is low to medium. Macro nutrient like nitrogen is medium to high and phosphorus is very low to medium, potassium is sufficient, calcium, magnesium is low. Micro-nutrients, Mn (high), Zn (Normal to high), and B (High), Fe (High) Al (normal), SO4and Cl are moderate to high to very high. Sodium adsorption ratio indicates the soils are normal.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 74 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Heavy metals like Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Arsenic (As), Mercury (Hg) and Cadmium (Cd) are normal and no danger of bio-magnification.

The soils of low lying areas are formed on colluvial and alluvial deposits. These are fine texture, deep pale yellow to greyish color.

3.5 Water Environment The water resources, both surface and groundwater play an important role in the development of an area. Likewise, the water resources of the area have been studied to establish the current status of water quality in the area.

Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) has carried out hydro-geological studies and ground water exploration in the district. Hydro-geological studies and exploration commenced in the sixties and under exploratory drilling programme 12 exploratory wells ranging in depth from 90 to 163 m, have been drilled. Further, CGWB under its national network maintains 10 stations for ground water regime monitoring where water level and ground water quality is monitored on regular basis.

3.5.1 Hydrogeology The district area is occupied by Indo-Gangatic alluvium of Quaternary age. The subsurface geological formations of the area comprise of sand, silt, clay and kankar in various proportions. In general, the Ground water of the district is fresh except in and around Ludhiana city where the ground water is polluted due to industrial effluents. The aquifer disposition of the area is revealed by drilling data carried out down to 408 m by Central Ground Water Board and state govt. The lithological data of these boreholes indicate the presence of many sand beds forming the principal aquifers separated by clay beds at various depths. The data indicates presence of about 5 prominent sand horizons down to 400 m depth separated by thick clay horizons. The first aquifer generally occurs between 10 and 30 m, the second between 50 and 120 m third between 150-175m, the forth between 200-250m and the fifth between 300-400m. The aquifers are giving discharge from 3-52 lps with 4.3X10-4 - 6.98X10-4 storativity and transvity ranges between 628-1120 m2 /day. The sand content in the aquifer in the district varies from 50 to 80%. Clay beds though thick at places occur mostly as lens and pinches out laterally. The granular material becomes coarser with depth. The aquifer at deeper levels acts as semi-confined to confined. The

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 75 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex depth to water level in the area ranges between 9-26 m bgl. In the north eastern part’ Machhiwara’ block area it ranges between 5-10 m bgl and 10- 20 m in north central part of the district in Ludhiana city and Bhainiraian. In rest of the area of the district it ranges between 20- 30 meters. During the pre-monsoon period depth to water level varies between 4.32 to 31.22 m bgl and in post monsoon it ranges between 2.89-27.30 m bgl. The long-term water trend indicates that the water level showing decline ranges from 0.11 m /y -1.34 m/year.

The Ground Water resources of the district were done for each individual block as per GEC 1997 norms. Perusal of the estimates reveals overall stage of ground water development in the district is of the order of 144 %.The ground water development in all the blocks of the district have been categorized as over exploited. Khanna, Pakhowal and Ludhiana blocks are showing 290 %, 229 % and 255 % respectively. Net ground water availability of the district is 203448 ham. The water supply to the district is mainly based on ground water through tubewells. The water supply to the villagers is met out with the installation of hand pumps as spot & convenient source of water. The canal irrigation covers a very sound area of 90 sq. km out of 3060 sq. km area of

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 76 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex total irrigated area. The remaining area is irrigated by ground water. The shallow tube wells in the district ranges from 25-90 m deep. Tapping the aquifer from 10-90m, with a discharge of 200 to 1500 lpm. Most of the shallow tubewells are either run by diesel engines or electric motors. 117352 no. of motors are working in district. *source http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Ludhiana.pdf

3.5.2 Water Quality Assessment Water samples were collected from ground and surface waters within the study area. A total of sixteen samples were taken from different locations including surface and ground water bodies. The samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters. The ground water and surface water sampling locations are shown in Figures 3.4 and 3.5 below. The sampling and analysis of water were carried out as per standard methods of water and waste water analysis (APHA). The results of water analysis have been compared with IS: 10500-2012 drinking water standard to assess their suitability for drinking purpose

As per CGWB, Ludhiana report present data of chemical analysis of water samples collected from shallow aquifers (NHS-2006) indicates that ground water is slightly alkaline in nature (pH varies between 7.25-7.90). Also, ground water is fresh to moderate saline (EC varies between 550-1320micromomhs/cm at 250 C. All the chemical parameters are well within the permissible limits for safe drinking water set by BIS 1991 revised in 2007 except for NO3 at Bhalolpur (52 mg/l), Muskabad (8 mg/l), Kohara (104 mg/l), Begowal (56mg/l), and Serian (57 mg/l).Bicarbonate is the dominant anion while calcium or calcium along with magnesium is the dominant cation in the waters. By and large, quality ground water is suitable for drinking except at few places mentioned above due to high value of NO3 exceeding 45 mg/l. The suitability of ground water for Irrigation is generally assessed by the factors of salinity (EC), Sodium absorption ratio (SAR) & Residual Sodium carbonate (RSC). These parameters range between 550-1320 micro-siemens/cm at 250 C, 0.29-3.64 and (-) 1.68 to 4.08 respectively. Based upon the plot of EC Vs SAR on the USSL diagram for rating Irrigation Waters, C25 & C3S1, classes of waters have been observed, such waters will cause problems of neither salinity nor sodium hazard when used for customary Irrigation. The shallow ground water is getting polluting by heavy metals like copper, lead, manganese and iron. However, in deeper aquifer the concentration of these heavy metals is low as compared to

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 77 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex shallow aquifer. The overall review of trace elements analysis indicates the presence of heavy metals in the ground water at shallow and deeper aquifers, which is due to industrial pollution. *source http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Ludhiana.pdf

Sampling locations for water samples are detailed in Table 3.5 and the analytical results of the water samples are shown in, Table 3.6respectively.

Table 3-5: Location of Ground Water Monitoring Stations

Locations Code Locations Distance & Direction

GW-01 Project Site --

GW-02 Ramgarh 2.71 km, SW

GW-03 Sahnewal 6.54 km, SSW

GW-04 Gadowal 3.05 km, NE

GW-05 Sahibana 1.98 km, NW

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Figure 3-5: Ground Water Monitoring Location

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 79 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 3-6: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Result

Desirable Permissible S. No. Parameter Unit GW-01 GW-02 GW-03 GW-04 GW-05 Limits Limit

Color 1. Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5 15

---- Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl 2. Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable e e e e

3. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1 5

6.5- No 4. pH value --- 7.61 7.45 7.22 7.58 7.72 8.5 Relaxation

mmhos/ Conductivity 533 546 523 553 538 5. cm -- ---

Total hardness 6. mg/L 256 241 236 261 246 200 600 (as CaCO3)

Calcium (as mg/L 73 70 64 70 68 75 200 7. Ca)

Magnesium (as 21 mg/L 18 16 18 18 30 100 8. Mg)

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Desirable Permissible S. No. Parameter Unit GW-01 GW-02 GW-03 GW-04 GW-05 Limits Limit

Chloride mg/L 11.97 6.87 10.26 11.97 15.39 250 1000 9. (as Cl)

Phenolic BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Compoun mg/L 10. ds (as (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) 0.001 0.002 C6H5OH) Total mg/L 320 328 314 332 334 11. Dissolved 500 2000 Solids

Sulphate (as mg/L 6.76 6.45 7.18 12.50 12.70 200 400 12. -2 SO4 )

No mg/L 0.18 0.19 0.24 0.24 0.15 0.3 13. Iron (as Fe) Relaxation

Nitrate (as 14. mg/L 4.88 4.92 5.22 5.27 7.24 45 No NO3) Relaxation

mg/L 1.15 1.18 1.14 1.12 1.17 15. Fluoride (as F) 1 1.5

Total mg/L 315 280 257 307 296 16. Alkalinity (as 200 600 CaCO3)

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Desirable Permissible S. No. Parameter Unit GW-01 GW-02 GW-03 GW-04 GW-05 Limits Limit

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL mg/L 17. Copper (as Cu) (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) 0.05 1.5

mg/L 0.24 0.28 0.25 0.27 0.25 18. Zinc (as Zn) 5 15

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Cyanide (as mg/L No (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) (<0.02) 0.05 19. CN) Relaxation

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL mg/L No Lead (as Pb) (<0.008) (<0.008) (<0.008) (<0.008) (<0.008) 0.01 20. Relaxation

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Cadmium (as mg/L No (<0.003) (<0.003) (<0.003) (<0.003) (<0.003) 0.003 21. Cd) Relaxation

Total BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL mg/L 22. Arsenic (<0.009) (<0.009) (<0.009) (<0.009) (<0.009) 0.02 0.05 (as As) Total BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL mg/L No Chromiu (<0.04) (<0.04) (<0.04) (<0.04) (<0.04) 0.05 23. Relaxation m(as Cr) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Nickel (as mg/L No (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.01) 0.01 24. Ni) Relaxation

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Desirable Permissible S. No. Parameter Unit GW-01 GW-02 GW-03 GW-04 GW-05 Limits Limit

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Boron (as mg/L 0.5 1.0 25. B) (<0.2) (<0.2) (<0.2) (<0.2) (<0.2)

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Manganes mg/L 26. e (as Mn) (<0.09) (<0.09) (<0.09) (<0.09) (<0.09) 0.1 0.3

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Mercury mg/L No (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) (<0.001) 0.001 27. (as Hg) Relaxation

MPN/1 TotalColif 27 15 <1.8 21 21 28. orm 00 ml 10 ----

Shall not be --- Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent detectabl 29. E-Coli ---- e in any 100ml sample

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 83 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3.5.3 Results & Conclusions The pH of all the samples lies within the desirable limit and ranges between 7.22 to 7.61. Hardness of the samples is found in the range of 236-261 mg/L. Chloride content of the samples range from 6.87 to 15.39 mg/L, which are under the desirable limit. Calcium and magnesium content of the water samples varied in the range of 64 to 73 mg/L and 16 to 21 mg/L respectively. Total Dissolved Solids in the samples vary from 314 to 334 mg/L, which is under the desirable limit. Fluoride content of all samples lies in the range of 1.12 to 1.18 mg/L. Nitrate content of all samples varied in the range of 4.88 to 7.24 mg/L. Sulphate in the water samples lies within the desirable limit and ranges between 6.45-12.70 mg/L. The alkanity is in the range 257-315 mg/L, which is above the desirable limit but well within the permissible limit.

Table 3-7: Surface Water location

Location Code Surface Water Sample Location Distance & Direction SW-01 Sahibana (Pond water) 1.98 km, NW SW-02 Neelon Ropar (Canal Water) 9.60 km, SE

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Figure 3-6: Surface Water Monitoring Location

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S.No Parameter Unit SW-01 SW-02 1 pH Value - 8.04 7.85 2 Chloride (as Cl-1) mg/L 44.47 29.08 -2 3 Sulphate (as SO4 ) mg/L 49.75 14.25 4 Total Suspended Solids mg/L 13 16 5 Total Solids mg/L 303 336 6 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L 4.7 5.5 Biological Oxygen Demand (3 days for 7 mg/L 1 1 270C) 8 Chemical oxygen Demand mg/L 4 4 9 Oil & Grease mg/L 0.7 0.5 10 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 28 20 11 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L 20 18

12 Nitrate (as NO 3) mg/L 0.64 1.25 13 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.14 0.14 14 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 0.14 0.17 15 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 0.15 0.15 16 Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/L BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 17 Arsenic mg/L BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 18 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 540 58 19 Faecal Coli -- 110 14

3.5.4 Conclusions

 pH of all samples is alkaline and range between 7.85 to 8.04. The pH of the samples lies within the desirable limit.  Chemical Oxygen Demand of the samples are same 4mg/l; BOD ranges also same 1 mg/l  TDS in the water samples ranges from 290 to 320 mg/l.  Chloride content of all samples lies in the range of 44.47 to 29.08 mg/l.  Calcium ranges between 20 mg/l to 28 mg/l and Magnesium ranges from 18mg/l to 20 mg/l.

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3.6.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

The main sources of air pollution in the study area are vehicular emission, emissions from surrounding industrial units, fugitive emissions from DG Sets, fuel burning for domestic requirements, windblown dust from the open land, emissions from chimneys induction furnace and reheating furnace.

Parameters Considered for Air Quality Assessment

The following parameters were taken into consideration for assessing the air quality

 Particulate Matter (PM10)  Particulate Matter (PM2.5)  Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)  Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)  Carbon Monoxide (CO)

3.6.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Nine numbers of sampling locations were selected to monitor the ambient air quality. The monitoring was carried out from 8thMarch to 5thJune 2017.The locations of the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the study area are given in Table below. Figure 3-7 shows the ambient air quality monitoring locations.

Table 3-9: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Location

Location Air Quality Distance from Direction from Code Monitoring Location project Site project Site At Project site 0km -- AQ1 Bhagpur 4.80 km E AQ2 Mangarh 4.10 km SE AQ3 Dhandari Kalan 7.50 km SW AQ4 Sahnewal 6.54 km SSW AQ5 Mundian Khurd 5.75 km W AQ6 Khasi Kalan 5.65 km NW AQ7 Dhanansu 4.25 km NNE AQ8 BhanuNathu 6.36 km NE AQ9

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I. Particulate Matter (PM2.5): (CPCB Method) Particulate Matter (PM2.5) was analyzed by Fine particulate sampler Enviroteh Model APM 550. PM2.5 was collected on 47mm diameter filter paper. The mass concentration of (PM2.5) fine particles in ambient air was calculated as the total mass of collected particles divided by the volume of air sampled.

II.Particulate Matter (PM10): Particulate Matter (PM10) was carried out by Respirable Dust Sampler Envirotech Model APM 460 BL. The cyclone of this instrument is used for fractionating the dust into two fractions. PM10 dust is accumulated on the filter paper (8ʺ ×10ʺ size) while coarse dust is collected in a cup placed under the cyclone.PM 10 was calculated as per IS: 5182 (Part 23):2006. The mass of these particles was determined by the

difference in filter weight prior to and after sampling. The concentration of PM10 in the designated size range was calculated by dividing the weight gain of the filter by the volume of air sampled.

III.Sulphur Dioxide (SO2): SO2 was monitored with the help of APM 411 assembly attached with APM 460 BL using the impringer. It was absorbed by aspirating a measured air sample through a solution of Potassium tetra chloro mercurate (TCM). This procedure resulted in the formation of a dichloro sulphite mercurate complex. The complex was made to react with para rosaniline and methyl sulphonic acid. The absorbance of the solution was measured by means of spectrophotometer.

IV. Nitrogen Dioxides: NO2 was monitored with the help of APM 411 assembly attached with APM 460 BL using the impringer. It was collected by bubbling air through a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium arsenite. The concentration of nitrite ion produced during sampling was determined chlorimetrically by reacting the nitrite ion with phosphoric acid, sulphanilamide and NEDA and absorbance of highly colored azo-dye was measured at 540nm. V. Carbon Monoxide: It’s measured using CO analyzer. This analyzer issued to measure CO in ambient air, in the range of 0-200 ppm (220 mg/m3) to a sensitivity of 0.05 ppm (55µg/m3). The serinus 30 combines the benefits of microprocess control with Non-Dispersive Infrared Spectrophotometry technology. CO concentration is automatically corrected for gas temperature and pressure changes.CO was monitored on hourly basis whereas other parameters were monitored on 24 hourly bases.

Table 3-10: Methods Adopted for Ambient Air Parameters

Parameters Technique Technical Protocol P.M 2.5 Gravimetric method CPCB Guidelines PM 10 Gravimetric method IS 5182 (Part-23) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Improved West and Geake method IS-5182 (Part-2) Nitrogen Dioxides (NO2) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser method IS-5182 (Part-6) Carbon Monoxide (CO) CO Analyzer(NDIR technology) CPCB Guidelines

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Figure 3-7: Air Quality Monitoring Locations Map

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S.No Pollutant Location Location Minimu 98th NAAQS(Industrial,resi Code m(µg/m3) Maximum Average( Percentile(µg/ dential,rural andother 3 3 (µg/m ) µg/m ) m3) area) 3 1 SO2 (µg/m ) AQ1 At Project site 10.47 21.39 17.87 21.26 AQ2 Bhagpur 12.79 19.70 16.80 19.47 AQ3 Mangarh 12.35 18.27 15.48 18 3 AQ4 DhandariKalan 15.06 25.88 18.99 25.65 80 (µg/m ) AQ5 Sahnewal 14.54 25.69 19.60 25.13 AQ6 Mudian Khurd 15.20 21.65 18.34 21.65 AQ7 Khasi Kalan 12.49 22.77 18.22 22.66 AQ8 Dhanansu 15.94 22.72 19.08 22.48 AQ9 BhanuNathu 5.5 15.48 10.81 15.46 2 NO2 AQ1 At Project site 16.56 22.64 19.42 22.01 AQ2 Bhagpur 10.04 14.78 12.06 14.68 AQ3 Mangarh 10.35 21.30 13.70 20.34 80 (µg/m3) AQ4 DhandariKalan 21.86 32.61 26.64 31.71 AQ5 Sahnewal 25.57 33.94 29.73 33.48 AQ6 Mudian Khurd 9 16.73 12.62 16.43 AQ7 Khasi Kalan 13.26 24.03 16.12 23.10 AQ8 Dhanansu 15.27 21.79 18.51 21.55 AQ9 BhanuNathu 13.33 22.56 16.98 21.96 3 PM10(µg/m3) AQ1 At Project site 55.06 77.39 68.20 77.34 100(µg/m3) AQ2 Bhagpur 58.10 72.94 66.64 72.92 AQ3 Mangarh 55.04 69.94 65.42 69.91 AQ4 DhandariKalan 53.97 75.59 67.92 75.42 AQ5 Sahnewal 54.95 75.43 67.64 75.19 AQ6 Mudian Khurd 45.81 67.97 61.00 67.00 AQ7 Khasi Kalan 47.96 65.85 57.81 65.78

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3.6.4 Results and Discussions

From the summarized monitoring results, it is clear that, in all cases, the 24-hourly average levels of SO2 and NO2 were observed to be within the prescribed limit of 80 µg/m3 for residential, rural & other areas as stipulated in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3 (NAAQS). Also, in all cases, the PM2.5 levels were within the corresponding permissible limit of 60 µg/m . The detailed environmental monitoring report containing analysis results of air, water, noiseand soil is enclosed as Annexure- VI to Annexure- IX respectively.

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 Noise made by normal human activities,  Noise made by vehicles, etc.,  Noise made by movement of machineries, operation of pumps, etc., and Natural noise, consisting of sounds made by birds, animals etc.

The purpose of noise monitoring at different locations is to obtain baseline noise levels for future reference.

3.7.1 Ambient Noise Monitoring

Ambient noise monitoring was conducted to assess the background noise levels in the study area. A total of 9 locations within the study area were selected for the measurement of ambient noise levels. Noise monitoring was carried out on a 24-hour basis to assess the baseline noise- levels and to evaluate the impact, if any. The study area for noise monitoring and the locations selected for noise analysis has been shown in Figure below and stated under Table below and the monitoring results are given in Table 3.12.

Table 3-12: Location of Noise Quality Monitoring Stations

Locations Locations Distance Direction Code NQ1 At Project site 0 km -- NQ2 Bhagpur 4.80 km E NQ3 Mangarh 4.10 km SE NQ4 Dhandari Kalan 7.50 km SW NQ5 Sanewal 6.54 km SSW NQ6 Mudian Khurd 5.75 km W NQ7 Khasi Kalan 5.65 km NW NQ8 Dhanansu 4.25 km NNE NQ9 BhaniNathu 6.36 km NE

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Figure 3-8: Noise Monitoring Locations Map

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3.7.2 Ambient Noise Standard Ministry of Environment Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has notified the noise standards vide. Gazette notification dated February 14, 2000 for different zones under the Environment Protection Act (1986).

Table 3-13: Noise Quality Data

S. Sampling ZONE LIMIT (as per Observed No. Location CPCB Guidelines), value, Leq, dB Leq dB (A) (A) DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT* 1 At Project site Industrial Zone 75 70 62.29 52.28

2 Bhagpur Residential Zone 55 45 52.54 42.27

3 Mangarh Residential Zone 55 45 51.25 41.20 Dhandari 4 Residential Zone 55 45 53.46 41.49 Kalan 5 Sahnewal Commercial 65 55 58.72 45.24

6 Mudian Khurd Residential Zone 55 45 49.30 42.82

7 Khasi Kalan Residential Zone 55 45 49.44 39.83

8 Dhanansu Residential Zone 55 45 49.14 39.44

9 BhaniNathu Residential Zone 55 45 48.51 39.73

Area category: I-Industrial, C-Commercial, R-Residential, S-Silence zone, Day time: 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time: 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

3.7.3 Analysis of the Data Assessment of noise level was carried out at various places to evaluate the ambient noise level in the residential area as well as possible impact due to project activities. The values of noise level, which are recorded lie between48.51– 62.29 dB (A) at day time and 39.44--52.28 dB (A) at night time. The value of noise was higher at the project site. This may be attributed to the presence of machineries and vehicular movement nearby the project site.

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3.8.1 Physical Environment of the Area Ludhiana district falls in central part of Punjab. The district is bounded between North latitude 300 – 33’, 310-1’ and east longitude 750-25’ and 760 -27’.It is bounded on the north by the District Jalandhar & Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar. To the east it adjoins Rupnagar and Fatehgarh Sahib District and to the west by Moga District while to the south it is bounded by Barnala& Sangrur District. *http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/Ludhiana.pdf

3.8.2 Forest cover in Ludhiana district: The district is mainly an agricultural one, vast tracts of land are under cultivation with the result that very little of the natural vegetation is left. Forested land is scarce and only towards Phillaur on the Grand Trunk Road, about 7 kilometers from Ludhiana city, is located the Ludhiana Reserve Forest. Mainly northern dry Deciduous forest is found in Ludhiana District Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest (5B/C2): Scattered trees in small groups are typical of this forest type. In the climax state, however, it would appear that this upper canopy would be thin but fairly complete, most trees having low spreading crown. Anogeissuslatifolia is the identity species of this forest. The main species are Acacia catechu, Anogeissus latifolia, Lannea coromandelica, Aegle marmelos, Mitragyna parvifolia, Flacourtia indica, Mallotus philippensis, Dendrocalamus strictus and Bauhinia vahlii. This type is found in the districts of Faridkot, Amritsar, Bathinda, Mansa, Sangrur, Patiala, Rupnagar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Firozpur, Gurdaspur and Hoshiarpur.

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S.No. Scientific Name Common Name Family 1 Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Fabaceae 2 Morus alba Tut Moraceae 3 Salix tetrasperma Baishi Salicaceae 4 Prosopis spicigera Chhonkar or Jand Fabaceae 5 Acacia niloitica Kikar Fabaceae 6 Parkinsonia aculeate ValaitiKikar Fabaceae 7 Leucaena leucocephala Valaitibana Fabaceae 8 Ehretia laevis Boraginaceae 9 Phlox dactylifera Datepalm Arecaceae 10 Desmostachya bipinnata Dab grass Poaceae 11 Acacia farnesiana Fabaceae 12 Butea monosperma Dhak Fabaceae 13 Capparis deciduas karir Capparaceae 14 Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Rhamnaceae 15 Ficus religiosa pipal Moraceae 16 Ficus benghalensis bargad Moraceae 17 Tamarix articulata farash Tamaricaceae 18 Albizia lebbeck siris Fabaceae 19 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 20 Melia azedarach bakain Meliaceae 21 Eriobotrya japonica Loquat Rosaceae 22 Calotropis procera Aak Apocynaceae 23 Zizyphus nummularia kokanber Rhamnaceae 24 Saccharum spontaneum Kahi Poaceae 25 Saccharum bengalense sarkanda, sarwar Poaceae 26 Cynodon dactylon khabbal Poaceae 27 Typha elephantina Elephant Grass Typhaceae 28 Ficus infectoria White fig Moraceae

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Table 3-15: Fauna List

S.No. Common Name Scientific Name WPA 1972 IUCN Red list 1. Quail spp. IV LC 2. Common Myna Acridotherestristis IV LC 3. House Crow Corvussplendens IV - 4. Indian Cuckoo Cuculusmicropterus IV LC 5. Asian Koel Eudynamysscolopacea IV NA 6. Sparrow Passer domesticus IV LC 7. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittaculakrameri IV LC 8. Hoopoe Upupaepopsceylonensis - DD 9. Common Indian toad Bufomelanostictus LC 10. Indian bull frog Hoplobatrachustigerinus LC 11. Indian Mongoose Herpestesjavanicus LC 12. Cow Bos indicus NA 13. Buffalo Bos bubalis DD 14. Goat Capra aegagrushircus DD 15. Pigeon Columba livia IV LC

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3.9 Socio-Economic Environment Socio-economic impact assessment of the study area of a project is pre-requisite before the project is put into implementation. The study area consists of the core area where the project is expected to come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of 10 kilometers from the periphery of the core area. For every new and expansion project socioeconomic impact assessment is mandatory as per the laws of the land. The socio-economic impact assessment focuses the effect of the project on social and economic well-being of the community. The assessment is made through a socio-economic survey and secondary data analysis. The outcome of the study relies on both quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing, employment, wage income, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of community perceptions about development is an important measure of development impacts. Assessing proposed developments in socio-economic context will help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well-being or not.

3.9.1 Study Area The study area of proposed project lies between Latitude 30°53’25.86” N, Longitude 75°59’38.55”E and Latitude30°53'22.38"N and Longitude 75°59'25.14"E.There are total 34 villages falling within the buffer zone of the study area.

3.9.2 Methodology For Socio-Economic Impact Assessment of the Project data has been collected from primary and secondary sources. Namely data was collected from local villages. Accordingly, both qualitative and quantitative data was analyzed from secondary sources. Primary Census Abstract 2011 is the main source of secondary data. Collection and evaluation of baseline data for various socio- economic parameters in and around the proposed sites has been done (within 10 km radius of the study area from the lease boundary). Villages, within the study area are being identified from

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 98 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex survey of India Toposheet. Figure 3.9 is showing the location of villages falling within10 km radius of boundary. Based on a preliminary reconnaissance survey, a questionnaire was developed to make it suitable to fulfill the objectives of the study. The data collected during the above survey was analyzed to evaluate the prevailing socio-economic profile of the area.

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Figure 3-9: Environment Sensitivity Map showing location of villages within10 km radius of boundary

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 100 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3.9.3 Baseline Data According to the 2011 census data population of Ludhiana district in Tehsil Ludhiana in 34 villages was 47064. The male population was 25078 and female population was 21986. The sex ratio of Ludhiana was 876.The majority of population in these villages are Cultivators/Agricultures. All type of communities is engaged in this profession.

The demographic profile of villages falling under the study area is given in the Table 3-16.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 101 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 3-16: Demographic Profile of the study area (10km) in Ludhiana District

S. Nameof the No TOT TOT TOT P_ P_ P_ P_L TOT_WO MAINWO MARGWO NON_WO No. Villages HH _P _M _F 06 SC ST IT RK_P RK_P RK_P RK_P 1 Ghumait(194) 119 541 300 241 45 292 0 322 185 184 1 356 BhainiNathu 2 81 422 215 207 56 164 0 304 248 236 12 174 (22) BhainiGahi 3 115 540 283 257 36 215 0 412 291 288 3 249 (21) Gujjarwal Bet 4 126 551 300 251 61 315 0 392 422 361 61 129 (20) Jhugian Kadir 5 74 333 171 162 24 178 0 201 223 91 132 110 (25) 25 124 105 6 Dholanwal (31) 341 1914 1040 874 0 746 659 87 1168 4 1 8 Machhian 7 103 494 270 224 68 212 0 341 173 169 4 321 Khurd (40) Jhugian Bega 8 68 367 191 176 37 337 0 251 147 108 39 220 (37) BhainiDoaba 9 123 654 336 318 57 147 0 519 292 213 79 362 (24) BhainiKima 10 50 298 158 140 24 204 0 224 112 80 32 186 (23) Gaddowal 11 173 825 444 381 80 483 0 619 279 133 146 546 (191) 12 12 Bhagpur(192) 235 1268 659 609 446 0 976 415 371 44 853 1 13 BhainiSalu (38) 160 851 446 405 89 335 0 527 338 302 36 513 Budhewal 10 14 279 1168 632 536 503 0 916 408 369 39 760 (187) 8 ChakSarwan 15 146 713 358 355 65 358 0 514 271 157 114 442 Nath (216) 23 107 16 Kaneja(82) 366 1829 1002 827 161 0 625 601 24 1204 1 6

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 102 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Nameof the No TOT TOT TOT P_ P_ P_ P_L TOT_WO MAINWO MARGWO NON_WO No. Villages HH _P _M _F 06 SC ST IT RK_P RK_P RK_P RK_P 13 17 Bholapur(238) 241 1210 623 587 718 0 949 487 391 96 723 1 50 190 365 18 Gujjarwal (310) 1016 4947 2569 2378 0 1518 1445 73 3429 1 0 3 15 119 19 Hiran (217) 362 1653 965 688 805 0 710 662 48 943 5 6 14 20 Panglian (218) 225 1210 683 527 581 0 774 533 302 231 677 8 27 113 131 21 Barwala(219) 472 2395 1341 1054 0 1130 796 334 1265 4 7 6 BhairoMunna 31 108 188 22 514 2603 1337 1266 0 1021 995 26 1582 (222) 7 7 2 39 295 23 Kohara(224) 761 3801 2042 1759 585 0 1344 1164 180 2457 1 0 51 171 327 24 Jandiali (225) 906 4456 2357 2099 0 1838 1578 260 2618 0 4 0 Kishanpur 25 236 1156 599 557 91 384 0 874 444 374 70 712 (416) SehjoMajra 28 155 26 459 2487 1299 1188 334 0 745 711 34 1742 (73) 4 0 JalahaMajra 27 35 177 93 84 22 32 0 122 62 60 2 115 (80) 28 Pal Majra (88) 75 407 215 192 46 68 0 291 140 129 11 267 KotlaShamaspu 10 29 215 1026 540 486 252 0 755 353 345 8 673 r (110) 9 10 30 Shnewalkhurd 261 1112 624 488 193 0 888 465 427 38 647 9 31 Kanganwal 91 421 234 187 59 27 0 305 106 19 87 315 14 119 32 Nat 301 1592 836 756 862 0 464 417 47 1128 9 7 33 Umedpur 367 1870 990 880 19 692 0 126 743 632 111 1127

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 103 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Nameof the No TOT TOT TOT P_ P_ P_ P_L TOT_WO MAINWO MARGWO NON_WO No. Villages HH _P _M _F 06 SC ST IT RK_P RK_P RK_P RK_P 7 4 14 118 34 Tibba 358 1773 926 847 493 0 464 450 14 1309 9 0 4706 2507 2198 49 174 330 Total Villages=34 9454 0 17742 15219 2523 29322 4 8 6 98 55 68

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 104 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 3-17: Overall Sum of the Demographic Profile of the Study Area within 10 km radius area P N o u M p T T mb u S M o o a T N l N C t a t r o a o e a a g t o t r l P F i l i i n o a o n n M P H o e o f - l n a m w o p f W w l o a l i b p u t o u t a l o W h o u e e e l r s l a r e l r r e l k e o k a t o a k h V e i w t e r t o e r o i e r k i r o n l l 6 e d l n a r y g r e s

Sum Totalof 945 4706 2507 2198 499 1745 3306 1774 1521 252 2932 34 4 4 8 6 8 5 8 2 9 3 2 Village s Source: Census 2011

Table 3.16 presents the demographic profile of the 34 villages located within 10km radius of the project area in district Ludhiana (Punjab).All these villages are hamlets under the Tehsil Ludhiana.

The total Households in these34 villages are 9454 and the total population is 47064. The male population is 53.28% and female population is 46.71%. Literacy rate is around 70% which is considerably only 5% lower than the overall state figure. The SC population is 37% in these villages. Total working population is concerned 37.69%. Populations considered as main worker are 32% and Non-workers are 62% whereas marginal worker considered 5.36% within study area.

A) Social Composition From the baseline data it is found that the majority of populations in these villages are Sikh. The Hindu community is also found in majority after Sikhs. Muslim community also exists further in small numbers. There is also good number of Scheduled Caste. No Scheduled Tribes found in these villages. The General caste further consists of Jain’s, Buddhist and others.

B) Employment This is not an industrial area. The population in general does not have opportunities of earning from employment. The only profession to depend on is Cultivation/Agriculture. In the absence of any high employment potential activities, the people are economically backward. The operations of the project shall be providing employment. The project activity will give direct employment and help in uplifting economic condition at this area.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 105 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Moreover, the Steel Industry related activities will generate employment for skilled and semi- skilled workers. Thus, the production will aggregate in multiple generation of employment in downstream activities. There are about 100 persons working in the existing plant and 150 more will be employed.

C) Road, Rail and Air Connectivity The site is well connected by road and railway. The Nearest Railway Station: Sahnewal railway station is about 9 km, South and Ludhiana railway18 km in North West direction from the proposed lease area. The Nearest Airport: Ludhiana Airport about 8 km, South direction from the project site.

D) Basic Amenities  Educational The project is in village Budhewal which is about 10 km in West direction from Ludhiana city, which has facility of all levels of schools and colleges.

 Medical The Ludhiana has facility of Nursing Home, Super Specialty Hospital, Trauma Center, Medical College, Charitable Hospital, Cancer Treatment & Research Foundation, Civil Hospital, and Cardiac Center besides many private clinics which is about 10 km from the village Budhewal.

 Electricity Electricity is available in all village of study area.

 Housing and Drinking water A major part of the houses in the study area are pucca type. All villages in the study area have water supply for domestic purposes. The sources of water supply in most of the villages are is through pipe line however people have preference for ground water. The water sources in these areas are through the municipal connection and private bore wells.

 Transport The main mode of transportation is by road, which is named NH-95.Private vehicles and private bus services share a major responsibility of the transport in the study area. Numbers of buses, private and state Govt. (PRTC) are operating on roads. The existing local transport facility appears to be sufficient.

 Post and Telegraph The Post office facility, telegraph office and telephone office and telephone, FAX, STD, ISD etc. is in nearest village. The study area is connected through mobile network. The Ludhiana city with all modern facility is at distance of 10 Km.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 106 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Place of Historical or Archaeological Interest No place of Historical or Archaeological importance exists near the proposed project area. The Ludhiana city is located at distance of about 10 Km from Budhewal (Lease Area). Ludhiana is famous all over India for its woolen sweaters and cotton T-shirts; most of the top Indian woolen apparel brands are based in Ludhiana. Ludhiana is Asia's largest hub for Bicycle Manufacturing. City has largest agricultural university in Asia. Modernization of Ludhiana Railway Station & Now city digitally getting advanced starting from Railway Station itself.

 Impact Assessment & Conclusion The project activity together with inflow of capital, immigration and employment of local inhabitants has shown positive impact on the overall social and economic condition of the people of the area. The project has provided a direct job opportunity to the local persons as both technical and non-technical workers. Literacy has further increased because of better income and awareness amongst the people. The project has provided direct employment opportunity to local people. Indirect employment is being generated in trade and other ancillary services. Employment in these sectors is both permanent and temporary or contractual and involvement of unskilled labour. Major parts of this labour force is mainly from local villagers who are expected to engage themselves both in agriculture and project activities. This enhances their income and lead to overall economic growth of the area. The following socio-economic changes are expected due to project activities:

 The project is providing employment to the lesser working population that is only 37.69%.  Non-working population at this region is 62%. This project will help to increase the working ratio & income of this region.  The income effect is both direct as well as indirect.  There will be Improvement in Infrastructure & Transportation.  The project is having positive impact on income through multiplier effect.  The employment will be in the form of skilled as well as unskilled worker.  The project has brought about changes in the pattern of demand from food to non-food items as sufficient income is being generated.  There would be a positive impact on the Social & Economic status of local people due to employment opportunities. Living condition of the area will improve.

3.10 Rehabilitation &Resettlement (R&R) Action Plan Since the project is being proposed to set up in existing premises of Expansion of Total Production Capacity and augmentation of integrating melting and rolling facility by M/s Aarti Impex. There is no R&R required due to this project.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 107 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIONMEASURES

4.1 Introduction Identification and evaluation of various potential impacts due to the proposed project on the surroundings are presented in this chapter.

Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either adverse or beneficial. Almost all the potential impacts which are temporary and short termed might occur during the construction phase, whereas potential impacts during operation phase might have long term effects. The potential impacts have been identified for the whole of study area (10 km impact zone) with respect to air, noise & vibration, water, soil, biological and socio-economic environment. The mitigation measures which are required to negate the adverse impacts are also discussed in this chapter.

The impact identification and prediction process aim to:

 Identify potential source or cause of impact throughout the life of project

 Characterize the potential impacts affecting the social, economic and environmental attributes  Assess the potential of changing the likelihood of impact through Environmental Management Plan (EMP)  Prediction of the impacts due to the development, construction and functional activities encompass the developmental processes to be undertaken during construction and functional phases In following sub sections, the potential impacts and magnitude of the impacts from the project have been assessed and discussed in detail.

4.2 Impacts on Land Environment The land use pattern of the project site will not change as land is already developed for industrial purposes. The proposed project is for capacity expansion and augmentation of integrating melting and rolling facility within the plant premises only.

4.2.1 Impacts during Construction Phase Minor site excavation will be envisaged during construction of the expansion unit. The activities causing potential impact during construction phase on land use include leveling of site, construction of related structures and installation of equipment/heavy machineries. No significant adverse impact on the surrounding land use during the construction period is

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 108 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex envisaged. The construction activities will result in top soil displacement to some extent in the plant area. Apart from localized construction impacts at the plant site, no adverse impacts on soil in the surrounding areas are anticipated.

4.2.2 Impacts during Operation Phase During operation phase, the activities of proposed plant will not change the soil quality. During plant operation there is no generation and dumping of industrial process wastes/solid wastes.

4.2.3 Mitigation Measures Excavated soil during construction phase will be suitably used for land filling in low lying areas. The top soil will be preserved and used for landscaping purposes.

4.3 Impacts on Air Environment

4.3.1 Impacts during Construction Phase During the construction phase, dust (particulate matter) is expected to be emitted as the main pollutant from the haul roads, stockpiles and material handling. In this case, pollution emission sources shall be distributed throughout the project site and will fall under the category of area source. The land is already developed for industrial work so extensive site formation work is not required. Vehicular emission of SO2, NO2, CO will add onto the air pollution. Movement of vehicles on unpaved roads will also add onto the dust emission. Operation of DG sets will also generate air pollutants like SO2, NO2, CO. Fugitive emissions are envisaged such as dust in construction phase only.

4.3.2 Impacts during Operation Phase Raw material will be transported by trucks with covered tarpaulin and finished product will be transported. Hence, no emission is envisaged. Particulate and fugitive emissions might arise from activities like grinding and screening of scrap, DG set activity and by the movement of vehicle.

During the operation phase, there are four major categories of sources of air pollutants, they are:

 Emissions from manufacturing processes  Fugitive emissions from material handling  Emissions (NOx, CO and PM) from vehicular movement  Emissions (NOx, CO and PM) from Diesel Generator Set

4.3.3 Mitigation Measures The impact during construction phase will be reversible, marginal and temporary in nature. Proper maintenance of vehicles and construction equipment will help in controlling the gaseous emissions. Water sprinkling on roads and construction site will prevent fugitive dust. Green belt development along the road side and in the plant premises will be useful in dust suppression. Overloading of the trucks will be avoided. Haulage roads, which are used for transportation of material, will be maintained properly. Utmost care and regular inspection schedule will be made

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 109 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex to prevent any fugitive emission of dust during transportation of material. People working in and around the dust generating area, will be provided with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) like dust mask to prevent inhalation of dust particles, and use of the same will be strictly enforced during working hours.

During operation phase, air pollution control equipment will be used. Paved roads will be laid to prevent dust emission during vehicular movement. Adequate greenbelt is also proposed, which will control the dust. Regular water sprinkling arrangement will be provided at the loading and unloading areas. Workers working near the dust generating area will be provided with dust masks, which will be made as mandatory to wear during working hours. Following mitigation measures will be taken to reduce ambient air pollution.

 The proposed stacks to comply with the applicable emission norms.  Adequate stack height to be provided as per norms.  Scrubbers/cyclones will be provided to minimize and control the dust emissions in the Slag metal extraction unit and bag filter house for the Induction furnaces will be provided to maintain the emissions within the prescribed limits.  Regular monitoring of emissions from the stack and ambient air quality to be carried out as per norms.

Treatment Process

The unit is designed keeping in view of the worst operating conditions. Following equipments are provided with their different functions.

 Suction Hood The Induction furnace is fitted with Swiveling typeside Suction Hoods of capacities adequate enough for efficient suction of the total volume of flue gases generated from the furnace as well as from the slag or metal tapping in ladles.  Spark Arrestor: Involute Cyclone is used to remove large and medium size particles from flue gases stream and also for removal of live red-hot particles/sparks.

 Bag House: Unit has been provided with one number Bag House. The Bag House removes fine particles and gases thereafter are fed to chimney through Blower. The dust is collected at bottom at the APCD system. Dust from the bag filters is collected in HDPE bags and transported to the recyclers for recovery of valuable metal and ultimate disposal of wastes to the TSDF.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 110 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Ducting: Ducting has been provided in the system not only for conveyance of gases at appropriate velocities but also to reduce the temperature by natural convection.  Id Fan: These have been provided for creating an adequate negative pressure in the system and at velocity above the self-carrying velocity of handled dust for efficient suction of gases.  Air Stack: It is provided to release the treated gases into the atmosphere at an adequate height of the chimney-

Process and Fugitive Emission and Control Measures: The plant will install air pollution control equipment to control particulate matter emissions from process. The system will consist of swivelling type suction hoodsnear the mouth of the furnace, dust laden gas carrying duct, the cooled waste gases with temperature not exceeding 1500Cwill be taken to a pulse jet bag filter. An induced draft fan will discharge the cleaned gas to atmosphere. For secondary emission arising near tapping the swivelling hood will be provided and the gases will be taken to the same bag filter system. The suction will be controlled by hydraulic dampers to control opening and closing of hoods. The dust of bag filter will be collected in HDPE bags for recovery of Zinc metalby the recyclers. Fugitive emissions from the proposed plant would be significant but controlled well at the Slag metal extraction unit using wet scrubbers and cleaned air discharged at height 3 m above the nearby building. Good housekeeping, proper maintenance, wetting of dusty areas, use of enclosed storage wherever feasible etc., would considerably reduce fugitive dust. For effective prevention and control of fugitive emissions, the proposed project shall be implementing the following:  Water shall be sprayed on the material prior and during loading & unloading.  All transfer points shall be fully enclosed and provided with dust suppression systems.  All roads shall be paved on which movement of raw materials or products will take place.  Preventive measures shall be employed to minimize dust build up on road.  Maintenance of air pollution control equipment shall be done regularly.  The workers subjected to dusty area shall be provided with disposable dust mask.  Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 111 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 4.3.4 Impact of the Transportation and Mitigation Measures The transportation of raw materials and finished product is likely to create impact on surrounding environment. The following point identifies the possible impacts and the mitigation measures to be adopted.

I. Impact on Air Environment  The movement of heavy vehicles due to transportation of raw material causes re- suspension of loose dust particles in air

 Increase in PM10, SO2, CO and NO2levels due to burning of fuels. Mitigation Measures:  Sprinkling of water to reduce fugitive particulate matter concentration.  Vehicle shall be thoroughly covered so as to prevent release of fine particulate in case of accidental leakage.  Vehicle used for transportation shall comply with environmental standards and will be PUC certified.

II. Impact on Land Environment:  During accidental leakage due to puncture of carry bags, containers, deposition of material on top soil, land is probable. Mitigation measure:  Vehicles shall be covered to prevent accidental leakage.  The area contaminated shall be remediated through scrapping or other remediation measures.

III. Impact and Mitigation on Traffic Density:  The movement of vehicles will increase traffic density of the area.  However, the proximity of major road will alleviate possible congestion problems. Proper tuning of vehicles shall be maintained to avoid traffic congestion and use of horns shall be restricted in silent zone.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 112 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 4.3.5 Traffic Analysis Transportation Route: The Material will be loaded directly into trucks and transported to the concerned market/end users and the raw materials will be transported through tarpaulin covered trucks only. National Highway-95 is present approximately at 2.50 km from the plant which is used for the transportation purpose, proper tuning of vehicles shall be ensured to avoid the traffic congestion Traffic analysis is carried out by understanding the existing carrying capacity of the roads near the project site and then connecting main roads in the area. Then depending on the capacity of the industry, the number of trucks that will be added to the present scenario will be compared to the carrying capacity.

Table 4-1: Existing Traffic Scenarios & LOS

Road V C Existing V/C Ratio LOS Budhewal Road 82 300 0.27 B NH-95 210 700 0.3 B

Table 4-2: Reference Table for V/C & LOS

V/C LOS Performance 0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent 0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good 0.4 - 0.6 C Good / Average / Fair 0.6 - 0.8 D Poor 0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor

Reference: ENVIS Technical Report, IISc, Bangalore. V= Volume of Vehicles in PCU’s/day & C= Capacity of Road in PCU’s/hr. The existing Level of Service (LOS) is “B” i.e. Very good. During Operation Total capacity of the industry: 680 MT/day Truck Capacity: 20 tonnnes No. of trucks deployed/hr: On average 2-3 trucks/hour will be added to the present scenario.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 113 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 4-3: Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS

Road V C Existing V/C Ratio LOS Budhewal Road 85 300 0.28 B NH-95 213 700 0.30 B

From the traffic study it is observed that there is not much load on the existing roads and highways. Therefore, the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any adverse effect on the LOS.

4.4 Air Quality Modeling The dust is generated during melting of scrap in induction furnace. Quantity and quality of dust mainly depends upon type of scrap used in the furnaces. Dust containing flue gases from induction furnaces will be treated for removal of dust particles before being discharged into the atmosphere. For control of air pollution, dust from flue gases will be extracted through bag filter and stack emission standards of 50 mg/Nm3 will be strictly followed.

Dust containing flue gases from the process of induction in induction furnaces will be first passed through spark arrestor to catch any burning particle before entry to Pulse Jet Bag filters. Due to ingress of ambient air into suction hoods of Induction furnace and forced draft coolers, the temperature of the gas before inlet to bag filter s hall be around below 100°C. The bag house shall be efficient for filtration of dust by high pressure compressed air pulses. Dust content in the exhaust air shall be limited to 50 mg/Nm3.

The impact due to stack emissions of particulate matter (PM) within the limit of 50 mg/Nm3 on ambient air quality has been evaluated by use of computer based mathematical model. When air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere through stack, they are immediately diffused into surrounding atmosphere, transported and diluted due to winds. The air pollution dispersion models are designed to simulate these processes mathematically and to relate emissions of primary pollutants to the resulting downwind air quality. The inputs include emissions load, stack parameters, micro-meteorology and surrounding topographic details to predict the impacts of pollutants on the ambient air quality and discrete receptors in the area.

Air Pollutants Dispersion Modeling for Prediction of impacts on Ambient Air Quality

The objective of dispersion modeling is to predict the ground level concentration during the operation of furnaces after expansion and its impact on ambient air quality of the area. The ground level concentrations of pollutants have been computed using computer simulation model BREEZE AIR SUITE based on Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST-3) of United

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 114 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and considering guidelines stipulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for air pollution dispersion modeling.

The key emissions from the induction furnaces will be Particulate Matter (PM) generated during melting of iron scrap.

Mathematical Model Used for Computation Prediction of GLC values are made by using Industrial Source Complex Short Term Model Version-3 (ISCST-3) software approved by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This model uses a steady state, sector-averaged Gaussian plume equation for application in complex terrain (i.e. terrain stack or release height) and is run using stability classes developed by Pasquill and Gifford.

The following are the assumptions made while using the model for air pollution dispersion modelling:

. The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to that of the mixing layer; . Stack tip down-wash is not considered; . Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion during the ascension phase; . Calms processing routine is used by default; . Complex terrain is used for computations; . It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; . Washout by rain is not considered; . Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations; . No dry and wet depletion of pollutants; . Receptors are on flat terrain with no flag pole.

Source Characteristics The emissions sources after proposed expansion of the plant are as given in Table 4.2:

Table 4-4: Emissions Sources at the Proposed Expansion of the Plant

Sl. Stack Height of Fuel Expected APC Measures No attached to the stack In Pollutant meter 1 Induction 33 Induction Particulate Bag filter will be Furnace 1 Heating Matter (PM) provided

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 115 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Emission Sources Characteristics Discharge of flue gases after bag filters will be led through 33 m high stacks attached to induction furnaces as per CPCB guidelines for natural dispersion and greatly reduce the impact of flue gas emissions at the ground level.

Atmospheric Stability The persistence of atmospheric stability class has been estimated using hourly monitored wind velocity data along with compiled data for sunrise, sunset, solar insolation for day-time and cloud cover for night-time for the site.

Mixing Height The knowledge of the site-specific mixing height (convective stable boundary layer and inversion height or nocturnal boundary layer) is crucial in a realistic adoption of appropriate plume rise and vertical dispersion parameters. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, “Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India” published by Environmental Monitoring and Research Centre, India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, 2008, has been referred for hourly mixing heights.

Maximum 24-Hourly and Seasonal Incremental GLC Isopleths Using mathematical model as described above, the maximum 24-hourly and seasonal incremental ground level concentration (GLCs) values calculated at different grid points using 24-hourly and seasonal averaging period are used for obtaining the maximum 24-hourly and seasonal incremental ground level concentrations (GLCs) for the study period and considering that X, Y coordinates of the stack centre (0.0).

The following conclusions can be made from the air pollution dispersion modeling:

(I) 24 Hourly GLCs Value for Particulate Matter (PM) The highest 24-hourlyincremental GLCs values for Particulate Matter due to stack emissions are given in Table 4.3 along with co-ordinates of their location. Highest 24 hourly GLCs value 1.72 µg/m3 for Particulate Matter is obtained at (+) 500 m, (-) 500 m at distance of 0.707 km and 135oangle from North (clockwise). Isopleth of maximum 24-hourly incremental GLCs values of Particulate Matter (PM) are given in Figure 4.1

Table 4-5: Highest 24- Hourly Incremental GLC Values for PM10 and Grid Point Location

Pollutant Concentration & Location 24 Hourly GLCs GLCs for Particulate Matter 1.72 µg/m3

Location of Highest GLC

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 116 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Grid Point (m) (+) 500, (-) 500 Distance (km) 0.707 Angle from North (Clockwise) 135o

(II) Seasonal GLCs Value for Particulate Matter (PM) The highest seasonal incremental GLCs values for Particulate Matter due to stack emissions are given in Table 4.4 along with co-ordinates of their location. Seasonal GLCs value 0.85 µg/m3 for Particulate Matter is obtained at (+) 500 m, (-) 500 m at distance of 0.707 km and 135o angle from North (clockwise). Isopleth of maximum seasonal incremental GLCs values of Particulate Matter (PM) are given in Figure 4.2.

Table 4-6: Highest Seasonal Incremental GLC Values for PM10 and Grid Point Location

Pollutant Concentration & Location Seasonal Hourly GLCs GLCs for Particulate Matter 0.85 µg/m3

Location of Highest GLC Grid Point (m) (+) 500, (-) 500 Distance (km) 0.707 Angle from North (Clockwise) 135o

Impact of expansion of the Plant on the ambient Air Quality:When predicted 24 hourly GLCs and seasonal GLCs are added to the background 24 hourly ambient Air quality values monitored during the study period, resultant values of PM10remain below the 24-hourly ambient 3 air quality standards of 100 µg/m for PM10for industrial, rural, residential and other areas. Hence, the operation of the plant after expansion will not cause any appreciable adverse impact on ambient air quality of the study area.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 117 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 4-1: Isopleths for 24- hourly incremental GLC values for PM10

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 118 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 4-2: Isopleths for Seasonal Incremental GLC values for PM10

4.5 Impacts on Noise and Vibration Noise generated during the construction period from operation of machineries like compressor, compactors, concrete plant, cranes and transportation materials will be of short term in nature,

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 119 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex and it will be controlled by using machines equipped with silencers and regular maintenance of the same. Similarly, the vibrations produced during this phase will be of low intensity, short term and of intermittent nature. This is not expected to cause significant impact on the environment and residents around the site.

4.5.1 Impacts during Operation Phase Operation of machineries like conveyor, rotating machines during operation and DG sets will result in generation of noise and vibration. The vibration arising out of generator will not have significant impact as it is proposed to shield the generator area with noise and vibration absorbing walls. Movement of vehicles will also contribute to noise though the generated noise will be insignificant.

4.5.2 Mitigation Measures Heavy machineries and DG sets will be operated during operation. The machineries to be used will be serviced and maintained to keep control on generation of noise and vibration. Vehicles used for transportation will be serviced regularly and maintained properly to avoid any generation of unwanted noise.

Employees working in noisy environment will be made mandatory to wear ear muffs/ear plugs to avoid any adverse impact of noise on them. Employees exposed to hand vibration while handling/operating heavy machineries will compulsorily wear anti vibration gloves made up of visco-elastic material.

4.6 Impacts on Water Environment

4.6.1 Impacts during Construction Phase Total 150 KLD of fresh water will be used,of which 130 KLD will be used in the recirculating water system meant for process cooling and will be recycled through cooling tower and rest 20 KLD water will be used as daily fresh water for domestic purposes.So during construction phase only domestic water of 20 KLD will be used. The domestic waste water will be generated and sent to septic tank followed by soak pit, the outflow will be used for green belt development.

4.6.2 Impacts during Operation Phase Total water requirement for the project during its full-fledged operational phase is estimated to be 150 KLD for both domestic purposes and process cooling. The process cooling circulating water will be cooled in cooling towers and occasional blowdown will be collected in a pit. The decanted water will again be used for green water development or dust suppression in the Slag metal extraction unit and sprinkling on road.

4.6.2.1 Mitigation Measures The outflow water from the soak pits of sewage plant will be used for green belt development. The cooling tower blowdown water collected in a pond will be allowed to settle. The decanted water will again be used for dust suppression or sprinkling or green belt development. Hence

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 120 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex no waste water will be generated,and no waste water will be led outside the industrial unit. The rain water will also be collected from the roofs and used for rain water harvesting.

4.7 Impacts on Biological Environment Construction activities at the site involving human and vehicular movement will disturb aerial and wild animals in the area.

Impacts on Terrestrial Ecology

 The impact on terrestrial ecology may be due to gaseous pollutants likely to emit i.e.

particulate matter, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), etc. Increase in concentration of PM in the ambient air will cause the deposition of dust on surface of leaves, leading to increase in pH of leaves as well as clog the stomata aperture and reduce the chlorophyll content. The increased concentration levels of particulate matter, SO2, NOx, in the atmosphere will, lead to decline in the rate of photosynthesis, thus retarding the growth of plant. However, air quality modelling outputs study revealed that, the resultant concentrations of particulate matter, Sulphur di-oxide and oxides of nitrogen are well within the prescribed limits. The impact due to proposed project would be minimal as project activity will be carried out within the plant boundary limit with proper control measures.  Terrestrial micro flora and fauna at the site are also affected. However, the adverse effect is reduced by shortening the construction phase period and development of greenery in the site. Further, there are no sensitive locations within the study area. Hence, no significant adverse impacts are expected on biological environment.

There are no endangered flora and fauna species in the region. Vehicular movement during night will be restricted to avoid adverse sound related impacts to birds and wild animals in the region. Plantation is carried out to attenuate the dust pollution in the area. The project activities are restricted to the project site except the transportation of raw material and products. There is no discharge of solid or liquid wastes to the environment. Green belt and greenery will be developed in the premise covering more than 33% of area. The plantation will comprise of fruiting trees, soil improving and air pollution abatement trees. No eco sensitive receivers or rare / endangered species of fauna were observed in the study area. Thus, the impacts on flora and fauna will be insignificant.

Recommended Plants for Green Belt Development

Greenbelts are an effective mode of control of air and noise pollution, where green plants form a surface capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming a sink for pollutants. Leaves with their vast area in a tree crown, adsorb pollutants on their surface, thus effectively reduce pollutant concentration in the ambient air. Often the adsorbed pollutants are incorporated in the metabolic

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 121 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex pathway and the air is purified. Plants grown to function as pollution sink are collectively referred as greenbelts.

An important aspect of a greenbelt is that the plants are living organism with their varied tolerance limit towards the air pollutants. A green belt is effective as a pollutant sinks only within the tolerance limit of constituent plants. Planting few, known pollutant sensitive species along with the tolerant species within a green belt however, do carry out an important function of indicator species apart from function as pollution sink, greenbelt would provide other benefit like aesthetic improvement of the area and providing suitable habitats for birds and animals.

Selection of plants for Green Belts

The main limitation for plants to function as scavenger of pollutants are, plant’s interaction to air pollutants, sensitivity to pollutants, climatic conditions and soil characteristics. While making choice of plants species for cultivation in green belts, due consideration has to be given to the natural factor of bio-climate. Xerophytes plants are not necessarily good for greenbelts; they with their sunken stomata can withstand pollution by avoidance but are poor absorber of pollutants. Character of plants mainly considered for effecting absorption of pollutant gases and removal of dust particle are as follows;

1. For absorption of Gases:  Tolerance towards pollutants in question, at concentration that is nottoo high to be instantaneously lethal.  Longer duration of foliage  Freely exposed foliage  Adequate height of crown  Openness of foliage in canopy  Big leaves (long and broad laminar surface)  Large number of stomatal apertures.

2. For Removal of Suspended Particular matter  Height and spread of crown.  Leaves supported on firm petiole.  Abundance of surface on bark and foliage  Roughness of bark  Abundance of axillaries hairs.  Hairs or scales on laminar surface.  Protected Stomata

Plantation along Road Sides: Automobiles are the source of pollution of gaseous and particulate pollutants. Component of green belt on road side hence should be with both absorbers of gases as well as of dust particles.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 122 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex The choice of plants for roadside should include shrubs of height 1 to 1.5 meter and trees of 3-5- meterheight. Medium sized trees, alternating with shrubs are ideal for sorption of particulates and gases.

Table 4-7: Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development

Plant species Habit Tolerance Stomatal index Mode of Regeneration limit Acaciaauriculiformis Tree Tolerant 10.9 Seeds Azadirachtaindica Tree T 29.2 Seeds Bougainvillea Shrub T 32.53 Cutting Delonixregia( Tree Sensitive 15.38 Seeds /stem Euphorbia tirucalli Shrub T NA Cuttings Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Small tree T 23.32 stem cutting Ixora arborea Small tree T 17.3 stem cutting Ixora rosea Small Tree T 20.30 Stem cutting Lawsoniainermis(Mendi Shrub T 17.0 Seeds /stem Mangiferaindica( Am) Tree T 30.77 Seeds/ grafting/ Melia azadirachta Tree T Seeds /stem Nerium indicum Shrub T 15.7 Cutting Peltophorumpterocarpu Tree T 16.68 Seeds Polylathialongifolia Tree T 22.27 Seeds Sesbaniasesban( Shrub T 19.2 Seeds Tamarindusindica Tree T 18.5 Seeds Tectonagrandis Tree T 23.58 Seeds Terminalia alata Tree T NA Seeds /stem Thespesiapopulnea Tree T 29.81 Seeds /stem Thevetia peruviana Shrub T 27.8 Seeds /stem

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5.1 Alternate Technology This project is for expansion of total production capacity and augmentation of integrating melting, casting and rolling facilities in an existing plant, hence no alternate technology is considered or selected.

5.2 Technology For the selection of technology, M/s Aarti Impex has considered less environmental polluting, less energy consuming, higher productive and competing cost technology like continuous casting even in such a small plant.

5.3 Alternatives Site No alternative site envisaged as Land is already developed for industrial uses and available with M/s Aarti Impex at Village Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab).

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 124 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 6 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN

6.1 Introduction An environmental monitoring plan provides a delivery mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a project because of capacity expansion and augmentation with total capacity 680 T/day of rolled products (wire rods and rods) to enhance project benefits and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted. An environmental monitoring plan is important as it provides useful information and helps to:

 Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures.  Define the responsibilities of the project proponent, contractors and environmental monitors and provides means of effective communication of environmental issues among them.  Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters.  Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in management plan, if required. From the monitoring point of view, the important components are soil, water, air, noise and occupational health and safety. The suggested monitoring details are outlined in the following sections. All monitoring will be carried out through Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) approved and/or National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) accredited laboratory.

6.2 Environmental Monitoring  Soil Quality Monitoring  Air Quality Monitoring  Noise Quality Monitoring  Water Quality Monitoring

6.2.1 Soil Quality Monitoring The soil quality monitoring is carried out to assess the soil characteristic. The soil quality will be analyzed as per CPCB norms.

During the operation phase, soil quality will be monitored in the green belt and plant area for pH, texture, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and fluoride. This monitoring shall be done annually except monsoon season and the results shall be shown to competent agriculture expert to assess the need for remedial measures, if required. The green belt development acts as pollution sink and bio indicators. Afforestation will also check soil erosion, make the ecosystem functionally stable and make the micro climate more conducive. Condition of the plant species

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 125 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex planted shall be recorded once in two years by visual observations with respect to vegetative growth, flowering etc.

6.2.2 Air Quality Monitoring

In the construction phase, PM10, PM2.5, SO2,NO2 will be monitored at three representative locations in the construction area on monthly basis.

In the operation phase, air quality monitoring will be carried out at three strategic locations within 100 – 200 m of the project site, one location each at the production units, in the storage area of the raw material and finished goods and packaging area for finished goods. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 will be the air quality monitoring parameters. The monitoring will be carried out on seasonal basis.

Parameters Technique Technical Protocol P.M 2.5 Gravimetric method CPCB Guidelines PM 10 Gravimetric method IS 5182 (Part-23) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Improved West and Gaeke method IS-5182 (Part-2) Nitrogen Dioxides (NO2) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser IS-5182 (Part-6) method Carbon Monoxide (CO) CO Analyzer(NDIR technology) CPCB Guidelines

6.2.3 Noise Quality Monitoring In the construction phase, the equivalent noise level during day time and night time will be monitored at three representative locations in the construction area seasonally.

Similarly, in operation phase, Day time and Night time equivalent noise level will be monitored at three locations i.e. within 100 – 200 m of the project site, one location at each of the production units and near DG set. Monitoring will be carried out once in a month for a period of 24 hr and at an interval of one hour for the given season.

6.2.4 Water Quality Monitoring In construction phase ground water quality at three locations within the plant area will be monitored every season as per the parameters given in IS 10500: 2012. During operation phase, water quality will be monitored at the following locations - Physico-chemical characteristics of the ground water (Three locations – two within plant area and one nearest well outside plant area) will be monitored once in every season. The parameters are to be monitored as per IS 10500: 2012 drinking water standards.

6.3 Occupational Health and Safety Monitoring The health of the employees who will be working in the plant during the operation phase will be monitored through general periodical (half yearly) checkup for both respiratory and auditory ailments. Occupational accidents and diseases including the accident, fatality rates will be recorded.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 126 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 6.4 Budget The monitoring and evaluation process will require additional and at times, extensive surveys and primary data collection, either to establish the baseline or to measure changes. In order to respond to evolving management needs, a contingency budget will be required. The attributes for which monitoring is done, the location and frequency, and parameters for which monitoring is carried out as a part of Environmental Monitoring Plan for the construction phase and operation phase are given in Table 6.1 and 6.2 respectively.

Table 6-1: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase

Attribute Location & Frequency Parameter Cost (Rs. in lakh/annum) Air At major construction sites PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and 1.5 (total 2 stations); Half yearly NOx Noise At major construction site and Equivalent noise level 0.2 near generator set; Monthly Ground Three locations –within plant Parameters as per CPCB 0.8 Water area and nearest well outside standards plant area; Seasonal Total 2.5

Table 6-2: Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Operation Phase

Attribute Location & Frequency Parameter Cost (Rs. in lakh/annum) Air At major construction sites PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and 1 (total 2 stations); Half yearly NOx Noise At major construction site and Equivalent noise level 0.4 near generator set; Monthly Ground Water Three locations –within plant Parameters as per CPCB 0.6 area and nearest well outside standards plant area; Seasonal Soil Three locations - one location pH, moisture content, 0.8 within plant area and two texture, organic matter, locations around the project site chloride, SAR, CEC, within 200 m distance from the nitrogen, phosphorous, unit; Annually fluoride, sulphur. Storm Water One location - Once in monsoon Parameters as per CPCB 0.3 season standards Occupational Half yearly General and respiratory and 8 Health liver ailments check up Total 11.1

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7.1 Introduction The outline of the proposed new project, the pre-project environmental status and the impact assessment along with proper mitigation measures have been duly addressed in the previous Chapters. This Chapter briefly encompasses the additional aspects that were also dealt upon while conducting EIA study for the proposed new project.

7.2 Public Consultation Public hearing for the expansion of production capacity from 70T/Day to 680 T/Day of rolled sections within already established premises was conducted on 29.12.2017 by PPCB. The hearing was conducted at village Budhewal, Budhewal Road, District Ludhiana, Punjab. Representative of M/s Aarti Impex made a presentation in the beginning describing the details of the expansion plan of the project including environment status, pollution control measures, management plan and socio-economic development activities undertaken by the proponent. 42 people signed the attendance register and 3 people (4 queries) spoke during the hearing and raised some issues and made suggestions. The proceedings of public hearing and other documents in original shared by PPCB with MoEF&CC are enclosed as Annexure. Therefore, summary of the complaints/queries raised by public hearing and action plan are given below:

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 128 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 7-1: Summary of Public Hearing Proceeding

Sr. Name of the Detail of query/ Reply of the query/ statement/ Time bound No person statement/information/clarification information/clarification given by action plan. sought by the person present at the the project proponent venue of hearing 1. Sh. Kuldip Singh, 1. What arrangements have been 1. With the proposed expansion of Expansion of the S/o Sh. Sikander proposed to offer employment to the the project, additional employment proposed project Singh, Panch unemployed youth of the area? avenues will be generated for will generate Gram Panchayat about 250-300 persons, which will employment which Budhewal, be offered to local residents. will be given to the District Ludhiana local unemployed 2. What arrangements have been made 2. Air pollution control device based youth in the next for control of pollution? on latest technology will be five years after the provided. grant of EC. He further informed that CSR funds @ 5 Lakh/annum will be spent for development of nearby villages, which will be spent on activities such as providing toilets or offering scholarships to needy children of the area. This will lead to development of the nearby villages. 2. Sh. Dharamjit As promised by the project proponents, No reply is required to be given by the Singh, Sarpanch, the project will generate employment. It proponent. Village Jandiali, has also been explained about the District Ludhiana pollution control measures. We have about 30-35 years relationships with the owners and they are nice persons. Whatever they have committed, we hope that they will honour the same. We have also hope that with the coming up of this

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 129 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex proposed project, development of the nearby villages will take place and this project will prove to be a milestone for the area. 3. Sh. Lakhbir Area is having traffic problem. Also, No wastewater will be discharged Proper treatment of Singh, S/o Sh. Water coming out of premises should be outside the premises. Only domestic domestic waste Charan Singh, managed properly by laying own sewer wastewater will be generated which water will be done President because with the flowing of water on will be used onto land for plantation which will be KissanJathebandi, roads, they get damaged. within premises after passing through treated and used Block Khamano septic tank and cooling water will be within the re-circulated. premises for plantation. To this reply, the person raised the Proper rainwater issue about rainwater management. harvesting measures will be In response, the project proponent installed over the clarified that rainwater will be period of 5 year recharged into groundwater and from the time of proper rainwater harvesting EC. arrangements have been proposed. 4. Sh. Kuldip Singh. He is the same person, who raised the Employment will be given to the local About 250-300 S/o Sh. Sikander issue at Sr. No. 1 above. He said that residents. local residents will Singh, Panch they are thankful to the project get employment Gram Panchayat proponents for bringing this project in due to expansion Budhewal, the area and assured all support for the of project. District: project from the village side. He further Ludhiana stated that all the existing units are controlling pollution effectively. He requested that the project proponent to the youth of the area as committed by them.

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Figure 7-1: On the Occasion of Public Hearing at Budhewal

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 131 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 7.3 Risk Assessment The safety and protection of people, equipment and the environment is a serious concern in the manufacturing industries. Steel Plants have also recognized the significance of safe working environment and are progressively trying to prevent hazardous events, avoid production & manpower losses and other fallouts associated with industrial accidents by conducting risk assessment, onsite & offsite management plan and adopting the safety measures as proposed. This assists industries to enhance employee knowledge of operations, improve technical procedures, maintain accurate process safety information and increase overall facility productivity. This Chapter, accordingly, gives an outline of the associated environmental and other risk prone hazards, their assessment and remedial measures. It also describes an approach to emergency planning to be adopted by the Plant management.

The objectives of environmental risk assessment are governed by the following:

 Identifying the potential hazardous areas so that adequate design safety measures can be adopted to reduce the likelihood of accidental events.  Identifying the stakeholders and evaluating their risk along with proposing adequate control techniques.  Identifying the probable areas of environmental disaster which can be prevented by appropriate design of the installation and its controlled operation.  Managing the emergency or a disastrous event if any, during the plant operation.

Risk assessment is a systematic approach for identification, evaluation, mitigation and control of hazards that could occur as a result of failures in process, procedures, or in equipment. Increasing industrial accidents, loss of life &property, public scrutiny, statutory requirements and intense industrial processes, all contribute to a growing need to ensure that risk management is conducted and implemented.

Managing a disastrous event would require prompt action by deployment of area specific emergency plans by the operators and plant emergency staff using all their existing resources like deployment of firefighting equipment, water sprays etc. Minimizing the immediate consequences of a hazardous event include cordoning off, evacuation, medical assistance and providing correct information to the families of the affected persons and local public to avoid rumors and panic.

The following terms related to environmental risks are defined before reviewing the environmental risks.

Terms Environmental Risk Harm Damage to person, property or environment Hazard Situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property or environment. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is calledan incident. Hazard and its possibility interact together to create risk. An environmental hazard is thus going to be a set of circumstances which leads to direct or indirect

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 132 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex degradation of environment and damage to the life and property. Risk The probability of harm or likelihood of harmful occurrence and its severity is risk. Environmental risk is a measure of the potential threats to the environment, life and property. Consequence Effect due to occurrence of the event which may endanger the environment permanently or temporarily and, or, loss of life and property. Environmental The consequence is so severe that it can extensively damage any one or all Disaster the four components of the environments of the environment, namely (a) Physicochemical, (b) Biological, (c) Human, and (d) Aesthetics.

7.4 Identification of Hazards This is an early check of major hazards, which are of high risk potential - including the potential for disastrous interactions of the various plant operational activities. The checklist, though not strictly speaking a Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) but would facilitate a full-scale HAZOP Study for final drawing up of risk management measures when the ‘design-freeze’ stage commences. Hazard is the associated term with material, which is a measure or the likely hood of the human working with or studying the material in question. The entire probable potential hazard is classified under different heads.

 Fire hazards  Toxic gas release hazards  Explosion hazards  Corrosion hazards

7.4.1 Fire Hazards Since the Stone Age term, fire is associated with fear. It is very dangerous if occurs in uncontrolled manner. It should be clearly understood that when a liquid is used having flash point below the normal ambient temperature, it could, in suitable circumstances, liberate a sufficient quantity of vapour to give rise to flammable condition in contact with air.

7.4.2 Toxic Hazards Toxic substances affect in three ways by ingestion, adsorption & inhalation which are describe below.

7.4.3 Potential Health Effects Eye Contact: Airborne dust may cause immediate or delayed irritation or inflammation. Eye contact with large amounts of induction furnace dust from the scrap melting process and dry dust from the fugitive emissions can cause moderate eye irritation, chemical burns and blindness. Eye contact with large amounts of red hot dust splashes can cause moderate eye irritation, redness,

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 133 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex and abrasions. Eye exposures require immediate first aid and medical attention to prevent significant damage to the eye.

Skin Contact: Dust from the process of making molten steel and from the slag processing for metal may cause dry skin, discomfort, irritation, severe burns and dermatitis. Skin affected by dermatitis may include symptoms such as, redness, itching, rash, scaling and cracking. Irritant dermatitis is caused by the physical properties of the dust including alkalinity and abrasion.

6.6.2.1 Inhalation (chronic) Risk of injury depends on duration and level of exposure. This product contains crystalline silica. Prolonged or repeated inhalation of respirable crystalline silica from this product can cause silicosis, a seriously disabling and fatal lung disease. Some studies show that exposure to respirable crystalline silica (without silicosis) or that the disease silicosis may be associated with the increased incidence of several autoimmune disorders such as scleroderma (thickening of the skin), systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and diseases affecting the kidneys. Silicosis increases the risk of tuberculosis.

6.6.2.2 Ingestion Internal discomfort or ill effects are possible if large quantities are allowed.

7.4.4 Corrosion Hazards Corrosion is a chemical reaction-taking place at the surface of metal.

7.4.5 Explosion Hazards Release of energy in rapid and uncontrolled manner gives rise to explosion

7.5 Risk Evaluation From environmental hazards point of view, risk analysis (RA) acts as a scrutinizing vehicle for establishing the priority in risk management that concerns human health and environmental quality in general. of coal, fuel oil, Though the proposed facilities are not manufacturing, storing or handling any potentially hazardous/toxic chemicals as scheduled in the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 and its amendments thereof, the proposed facility would have installations, such as, storage and handling and fuel gases. An Environmental Risk Qualitative Analysis Flow Chart Procedure is depicted in Fig. 7-1.

The hazards identified for the proposed project activities are presented in Table 7-2.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 134 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 7-2: Hazard Identification of the Steel Plant

Hazard of Group Item Nature of hazard Remarks Potential

Water treatment chemicals Toxic Major Bio-corrosive Raw materials like acids/alkalis Management Lube oils/greases Fire Moderate Flammable

Production units

Release of untreated Toxic Major Severe pollution of surface water wastewater

Induction Furnace BFG handling Fire Major Fire hazard

Hot metal & slag Handling Heath Major Fire hazard

Gas firing Fire Major Fire hazard Continuous Casting Machine Release of untreated Waste Toxic Major Severe pollution of surface water water

Utilities

Fuel gas Gas leaks Fire & Toxic Major Fire & CO hazard

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Electric Power supply Short circuit Fire Major Fire hazard

Liquid fuel Fuel handling & storage Fire & Toxic Major Fire & CO hazard area

Accidental discharge of Hydraulic oil and hydraulic oil under Fire & Toxic Moderate Fire & personal injury lubricants pressure

From the Table, it may be observed that major on-site emergency situation may occur from the organic coal chemicals storage and handling, fuel gas handling, molten metal and slag handling, acids and alkali storage and handling and electrical short- circuit. The off-site environmental disaster may arise if large-scale fire or explosion occurs, the effect of which extends beyond the plant boundary.

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Figure 7-2: Environmental Risk Qualitative Analysis Flow sheet

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 137 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 7.6 Risk Management Measures The risk management measures for the proposed project activities require the adoption of best safety practice at respective construction zones within the Works boundary. In addition, the design and engineering of the proposed facilities will take into consideration proposed protection measures for releases to air, land and water environment as outlined in earlier Chapter.

Electrical safety: Adequately rated quick-response circuit breakers, aided by reliable, selective digital/microprocessor-based electro-magnetic protective relays would be incorporated in the electrical system design for the proposed Project. The metering instruments would be of proper accuracy class and scale dimensions. Appropriate use of ELCBs shall be ensured for all construction related low voltage work.

Fire Prevention: In addition to the yard fire hydrant system, each individual shop and offices are provided with fire and smoke detection alarm system along with the portable fire extinguishers. Fire detection system would be interlocked with automated water sprinklers. M/s.Aarti Impex have an on-site full-fledged fire brigade department with many fire tenders which also provide the services to the town in emergency situations.

CO detection and prevention: M/s. Aarti Impex has installed carbon monoxide detectors/alarms to detect the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) and sounds an alarm to alert personnel in case there is CO concentration beyond 50 ppm. The plant personnel always carry a portable CO detector as part of their personal protective equipment.

7.6.1 On-Site Emergency Plan Emergency planning is an integral part of the environment and safety management of TSL. Emergencies may arise due to manmade reasons and/or natural causes resulting in fire, explosion, failure of critical control system, etc. It is crucial for effective management of an accident to minimize the losses to the people and property, both in and around the facility, termed as on-site and off-site emergency plan.

Accident Statistics: The safety and ergonomics department deal with emergency records, events of both minor and major accidents, listing all the details such as place, date & time, duration, probable cause, extent of damage, personnel affected, man-hours lost, medical assistance provided etc to analyze these data for drawing up necessary corrective measures.

Safety Inspections: Monthly safety inspection of all departments is carried out by the respective Department. Additionally, half-yearly Environmental, Health and Safety Audit are performed including all aspects of Environment, Occupational Health & Safety for all the areas.

7.6.2 Off-Site Emergency Planning The off-site emergency plan is also an integral part of any major hazard control system. This particular plan relates to only those accidental events, which could affect people and the

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 138 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex environment outside the plant boundary. Incidents, which would have very severe consequences, yet have a small probability of occurrence, would be in this category.

The emergency preparedness and disaster management plan cover the following:

 Identification of local authorities like civil defence, police, district commissioner, their names, addresses and communication links.  Details of availability and location of heavy duty equipment like bull dozers, fire-fighting equipment etc.  Details of specialist agencies, and stakeholders upon whom it may be necessary to call.  Details of voluntary organization.  Meteorological information.  Humanitarian arrangements like transport, evacuation centers, first aid, ambulance, community kitchen etc.  Public information and communication through media, informing relatives, public address system etc.

7.7 Occupational Healthand Safety, Hazards and Preventive Measures

7.7.1 First Aid Measures Following first aid measures shall be taken:

 Eye Contact Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, including under lids, to remove all particles. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns  Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and a pH neutral soap or a milk skin detergent. Seek medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and dermatitis.  Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing or other symptoms.  Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, have person drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 139 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 7.8 Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

7.8.1 Exposure Controls  Control of dust through implementation of good housekeeping and maintenance;  Proper fume and dust extraction system to control fume/dust emission in work zone.  Use of PPE, as appropriate (e.g. masks and respirators)  Use of mobile vacuum cleaning systems to prevent dust build-up on paved areas;

7.8.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) As a supplementary protection against exposure to hazardous conditions in the secondary metallurgical steel industry where the safety of workers cannot be ensured by other means, such as eliminating the hazard, controlling the risk at source or minimizing the risk, suitable and sufficient PPE, having regard to the type of work and risks, and in consultation with workers and their representatives, shall be procured and used by the workers and provided and maintained by the employer, without cost to the workers.  Items of PPE provided shall comply with the relevant BIS standards and criteria approved or recognized by the competent authority. Where BIS standards are not available, PPEs meeting international standards may be procured.  Those responsible for the management and operation of the personal protection programme shall be trained in the selection of the proper equipment, in assuring that it is correctly fitted to the people who use it, in the nature of the hazards the equipment is intended to protect against, and provide adequate comfort, and in the consequences of poor performance or equipment failure.  PPE shall be selected considering the characteristics of the wearer and additional physiological load or other harmful effects caused by the PPE. It shall be used, maintained, stored and replaced in accordance with the standards or guidance for each hazard identified at the facility and according to the information given by the manufacturer.  PPE shall be examined periodically to ensure that it is in good condition  Different PPE & their components shall be compatible with each other when worn together

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 140 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  It shall be ensured that the procured PPEs are ergonomically designed and, to the extent practicable, should not restrict the user’s mobility or field of vision, hearing or other sensory functions.  Employers shall ensure that the workers who are required to wear PPE are fully informed of the requirements and of the reasons for them, and are given adequate training in the selection, wearing, maintenance and storage of this equipment  When workers have been informed accordingly, they shall use the equipment provided throughout the time they may be exposed to the risk that requires the use of PPE for protection.  Items of special PPE for use in proximity to molten metal shall be so procured that they should protect the wearer from heat, radiations and should withstand splashes of molten metal. It should be possible to remove these items easily if molten matter gets between the body and the protective clothing.  The PPE shall not be used for longer than the time indicated by the manufacturer.  Workers shall make proper use of the PPE provided, and maintain it ingood condition, consistent with their training and be provided with theproper means for doing so.  Respiratory Protection: When the dust level is beyond exposure limits orwhen dust causes irritation or discomfort use Respirator.  Eye Protection: Wear Safety goggles to avoid dust contact with the eyes.Contact lenses should not be worn when handling the materials.  Skin Protection: Wear impervious abrasion and alkali resistant gloves, boots, long sleeved shirt, long pants or other protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

7.8.3 Fire Fighting Facilities Keeping in view the nature of fire and vulnerability of the equipment and the premises, following fire protection measures will be envisaged for the plant-

 Fire Hydrant system/all fire fighting and personnel protective equipment will be kept in readiness.  Thorough inspection of the location will be done for any suspected dangerous object.  Every one entering the location must be frisked at the Gate/check all hand bags, parcels etc. for suspected explosive/dangerous objects.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 141 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Organize employees vigilance cell for round the clock observation of industry premises.

7.8.4 Other Safety Measures  Safety training to the workers will be given.  PPE will be provided to the workers.  The maintenance and cleaning of bag filters will be carried out regularly.  The dust removal efficiency of bag filters will be checked regularly.  Work place environment monitoring will be carried out regularly and records will be maintained. The monitoring of dust in the work place will be carried out.  Good housekeeping will be implemented in the plant.  First aid box will be provided.  The industry will provide adequate lighting facility inside the plant premises.  General dilution ventilation will be provided to control dust levels below applicable exposure limits. Aerators with water spraying nozzles will be used in places subjected to heat radiations.  Fire extinguishers will be provided to withstand the fire or explosion condition.  Pre-employment and periodical medical examination of workers will be done by government approved medical practitioners and the details will be recorded as per the Regulations.  The industry will prepare on-site emergency plan.  In case any emergency, arrangement of ambulance van will be done from nearest Hospital.  Two main gates will be provided for entry and exit of the workers.

7.9 Occupational Health& Safety M/s. Aarti Impex believes in Safety First and is concerned with protecting safety, health & welfare of the people engaged in work or employment.

The following safety measures for the employees shall be implemented:

 Safety training is provided to the employees.  Manual call bell in case of emergency are provided.  Fire alarms are provided.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 142 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  First aid facility and trainings are provided.  Personal protective gears and equipments are provided to the employees.  Health check-ups are organized at regular intervals and records are maintained.  Fire Protection System by means of providing Fire hydrants, Fire Extinguisher at vulnerable points within the plant has been envisaged.  Cleanliness facilities, rest room, plenty Plant Lighting is also envisaged for the proposed project.

The budget of Rs. 8 Lakh/year has been proposed for Occupational Health and Safety.

7.9.1 Major Hazards Induction Furnace:

 Cooling water coming in contact with molten metal or slag causing explosion.

 Moist scrap being charged causing explosion.

 Radioactive scrap being charged spreading radio activity.

 Scraps having explosive materials like abandoned bombs being charged causing explosions.

Continuous Casting Machines:

 Strand is hardened only superficially and is still liquid metal inside.

 Spillage of molten metal can occur causing damage by radiant heat to mechanical and civil structures, electric cables and hydraulic equipments etc.

Preventing Fires & Explosions

 Fires & explosions in induction furnaces most often result from water coming into contact with molten metal. The water may be present in scrap material, damp moulds, from leaks in the furnace cooling systems or leaks in the building.

 Fires & explosions can also result from the ignition of volatile materials and fuels. The most hazardous procedures are during the firing- up and shutting-down procedures.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 143 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Operators shall be trained in safe systems of work. The building shall be designed to be non-combustible, with automatic fire suppression engineered or designed into the process where appropriate.

 Risk assessments shall be carried out to consider the potential dispersal of toxic chemicals from non-furnace processes & combustion products, and the potential impact of an explosion on the surrounding areas

 Regular safety audits shall be undertaken to ensure that hazards are clearly identified and risk-control measures maintained at an optimum level

 Refractories (e.g. crucibles, troughs, ladles) and tools shall be preheated and dried before use to minimize the risk of explosion. Refractory linings should be regularly inspected for wear.

 Furnaces shall not be operated beyond their safe lives.

7.10 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) A disaster is a catastrophic event that causes serious injuries, loss of life & extensive damage to plant & property. It is a situation that goes beyond the control of the available resource of any authority or organization. A number of factors could trigger accidents leading to a disaster, e.g. process and safety system failures (technical errors, human errors), natural calamities (earthquake, tsunami etc). The DMP is formulated with an aim of taking precautionary measures to control the hazard propagation and to take such action that the damage following a disaster is minimized and controlled.

The objective of the DMP is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following:

 Effective rescue and medical treatment of casualties.  Safeguard other people.  Minimize damage to property and the environment.  Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control.  Identify any dead.  Provide for the needs of relatives.  Provide authoritative information to the news media  Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area  Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the emergency.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 144 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex In effect, DMP helps to optimize operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitation and render medical help and to restore normalcy.

The following hazards for disaster management have been considered:

 Fire  Explosion & Toxic release  Oil spillage/liquid metal spillage  Electrocution  Accident These hazards and potential causes have already been discussed in the preceding sections. A selective disaster management measures to prevent disaster due to the above-mentioned hazards are as follows:

 Design, manufacture, operation and maintenance of all plant machineries/structures as per applicable national and international standards as laid down by statutory authority.  Intelligent formulation of layout to provide ‘Assembly Point’ and safe access way for personnel in case of a hazardous event/disaster, as can be inferred from Risk & Consequence analysis.  Proper emergency (both on site & off-site) preparedness plan, emergency response team, emergency communication, emergency responsibilities, emergency facilities, and emergency actions shall be developed.  Proper Alarm system and training the personnel for appropriate response during disastrous situation.  Complete fire protection coverage for the entire plant as per regulatory stipulations.  Creation and maintenance of Disaster Management cell with adequately trained personnel who can handle all sorts of emergency situation.  Provision of funds for prevention of disaster, mitigation, capacity-building and preparedness.

7.10.1 Objectives Objectives of the disaster control/management plan for the proposed plantare:

 To identify type of major disasters that may occur in the plant.  To collect data on type of disasters which has already happened in other iron & steel plants  An action plan to handle disaster. Identification of Hazardous Process/Area

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 145 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex  Induction Furnace: Hot metal spillage, steam explosion, Fire & Electrocution  Continuous Casting Plant: Hot metal spillage  Re-heating Furnace: Fire and explosion  Rolling Mills: Fire and explosion  Fuel Oil tanks: Fire & Spillage  Electrical Rooms: Fire & Electrocution  Transformer area: Fire & Electrocution

7.10.2 Level of Accidents If there is any disaster in any part of the plant/work place due to any reason, the areas which may be affected can be classified in the following four classes-

Level I - Operator level

Level II - Local/community level

Level III- Regional/ national level

Level IV- International level

Level I, II and III class of accidents have been considered for the plant.

Level I

Under this level, disasters may happen due to fire, explosion, oil spillage and spontaneous ignition of inflammable materials. This level has probability of occurrence affecting persons inside the plant. The various shops, which have been mentioned as potential hazard areas, will be affected during this level of accident.

Level II

In case of sabotage/complete failure of all automatic control/warning systems; fuel oil storage area (the oil kept in tanks and covered by tank bund) which may leak out. However, the probability of this is very low due to adequate instrumentation, security and training of persons of the plant operating such system.

Level III

In case of sabotage/complete failure of all automatic control/warning systems, undetected leakage from the furnace; the resultant leakage of the flammable gases is a potential threat that can affect the region. However, with the proposed instrumentation, gas detection and alarm system, security and training of persons such a situation is unlikely.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 146 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 7.11 Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R&R) The proposed project pertains to Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility within existing plant premises of M/s. Aarti Impex at Village Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Distt. Ludhiana (Punjab).Hence, the issue of Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R&R) would not be applicable for this proposed project.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 147 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 8 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 Physical Infrastructure The beneficial impact of the proposed project on the civic amenities will be substantial after the commencement of the project activities. The basic requirement of the community will be strengthened by extending healthcare facilities to the community, building/strengthening of existing roads and drinking water facility in the area will help in uplifting the living standards of local communities.

8.2 Employment Opportunities The project will create extra opportunities of direct and indirect employment for which skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. Secondary jobs are day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will also increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market.

Indirect Employment Due to the proposed modernization project indirect employments will be generated. Indirect employments like; Primary requirements, Grocery Shops, Residential Requirements, Garments Requirements, Transportation Facilities, Health Care Facilities, etc. These kinds of requirements will increase the prevailing scenario, which will generate the indirect employment.

Direct Employment Local villagers of the project will get its benefits more by giving preference to them in relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities. Construction and operation phase of the proposed project will involve a certain number of laborers, contractors and construction workers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged more for this purpose to the extent possible and hence it will improve the existing employment scenario of the region.

Industries The Industries will require raw materials, skilled and unskilled laborers. It will be available from the local area. Due to increasing industrial activities, it will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality, to some positive extent.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 148 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 8.3 Social Infrastructure With the implementation of the proposed expansion plant, the increasing industrial activity will boost up the commercial and economic status of the locality, the socio-economic status of the local people will improve substantially. The required skilled and unskilled laborers will be utilized maximum from the local area. The land rates in the area will improve in the nearby areas due to the proposed activity. This will help in upliftment of the social status of the people in the area. Educational institutions will also come-up and will lead to improvement of educational status of the people in the area. Primary health the medical facilities will certainly improve due to the proposed project.

8.4 Environment Social Responsibility (ESR) The goal of ESR is to be responsible for social activities and encourage a positive impact through these activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other related spheres. M/s. Aarti Impex is committed towards Environment Responsibilities, and it would feel pleasure to itself in such efforts and budget is planned for 1.0 % (45.13 Lakh) of the total project cost (4513 Lakh). Programmes: 1. Organize Health camps at the regular intervals where the free checkups would be done. 2. Education for the children of Labors. 3. Providing Insurance for labors. 4. Public Toilets will be constructed in nearby area. 5. Scholarship to needy children of the area.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 149 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 8-1: Budget for Enterprise Social Responsibility Activities

S. Description 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Total No. (Amount (Amount (Amount in (Amount (Amount in (Amount in in Lakhs) in Lakhs) Lakhs) in Lakhs) Lakhs) Lakhs) 1 Organize Health camps at the regular 1.2 1.6 1.6 2 2 8.4 intervals where the free checkups would be done. 2 Education for the children of Labors in 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 7 nearby by village along with study material.

3 Providing Insurance for labors working 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.4 2.4 10.00 in the factory. 4 Separate Public Toilets will be 2 2 ------.00 constructed in nearby area for Male and Female. 5 Scholarship to needy children in the area. 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 6.00

6 Technical trade training to unemployed 1.8 2 2 2 2 9.8 youth, Gifting books to libraries in school or to village community center. Total amount to be spent on ESC activity in Lakh 45.2

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 150 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 8.5 Conclusion The proposed project will provide direct employment to the people of the area and thousands will get business opportunity to feed the demand of project and the people working for the project. Small market will be developed to feed daily demand of the people working for the proposed project. There is a provision of separate allocation of fund under CSR and 2 % of thetotal profit gain due to proposed project and same will be invested for the infrastructure development of the local people of the area. People will get medical, education and business opportunities. Proposed project will make need-based survey in the area under supervision of local panchayat and district administration. The needy person will be supported as per requirement. This will improve infrastructure and economic status of the people living in the area. Other project proponent will take advantage of developed infrastructure of the area to set up industry which will further improve infrastructure and economy of the area. Proposed project will change infrastructure scenario of the area.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 151 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Introduction Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure a safe and clean environment. The desired results from the environmental mitigation measures proposed in the project may not be obtained without a management plan to assure its proper implementation & function. The EMP envisages the plans for the proper implementation of mitigation measures to reduce the adverse impacts arising out of the project activities. This chapter includes following aspects:

 Pollution control/mitigation measures for abatement of the undesirable impacts caused during the construction and operation phase.  Details of management plans (Greenbelt development plan, Waste management plan etc.)  Institutional set up identified/recommended for implementation of the EMP.  Post project environmental monitoring programme to be undertaken.  Expenditures for EMP

9.2 Proposed Environmental Mitigation Measures The environmental impact due to the project activity are Air, Noise & Vibration, Water, Land, Biological (Flora & Fauna), Socio Economic, Occupational Health & Safety. The major impacts due to different project activities and their mitigation measures for construction and operation phases are given in Table below-

Table 9-1: Proposed Environmental Mitigation Measures

S. Component Impact Mitigation Measures No Construction Phase 1 Air Generation of Dust, CO, NO2, SO2 Use of water sprinklers and dust suppression on hauled roads. Personal Protective equipment (PPE) for labourers.

2 Noise and Noise and Vibration due to Proper service and maintenance of Vibration movement of vehicle and vehicles to control noise. Only PUC construction activities, certified vehicles are permitted for the working of machineries movement. Personal protective compactors, concrete plant, equipment’s (PPE) for laborer. cranes and transportation Construction activity will be carried out materials. in day time only.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 152 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 3 Water Water pollution due to Proper sanitation facilities in the disposal of untreated sewage. construction site. Sewage waste is No change is land use pattern handled in septic tank followed by soak as project site is inside the pits. And outflow water will be used for existing industrial complex greenbelt development. 4 Land Land is already developed for Sanitation facilities in the construction industrial use. Pollution of site as well as in labourer camps. land due to discharge of untreated sewage and solid wastes. 5 Biological Disturbance due to increase in Green Belt development. Flora, Fauna noise 6 Socio Employment of construction People from the study area to be Economic workers. employed as far as possible. 7 Occupational Auditory ailment due to noise. The use of personal protective Health & Respiratory ailment due to equipments will be made stringent. Safety dust emission. Water sprinkling system for dust generating areas. Periodic health checkups. Operational Phase 1 Air Increase in the air pollutant Provision of APCD devices, concentration. Lower visibility transportion of APCD dust in HDPE bags, Use of stacks with adequate height, wet scrubbers and bag filters to control dust and fugitive emissions to comply with the limits of NAAQSregulations. Personal protective equipments for employees. Transportation of materials in covered trucks.

2 Noise and Increase in the noise levels and Equipments with noise level below Vibration Vibration due to operation of 80dB (A) only will be used. Proper Equipment service and maintenance of machines to control noise. Personal Protective equipments for employees like anti vibration gloves and ear plug/ear muffs. Project site is inside industrial complex. No impact on general public. Isolation of the noise prone unit from the employee area to avoid continuous exposures of working personal. 3 Water No industrial effluent Fresh ground water used in the cooling will be discharged, which water recirculation system is the makes this production minimum requirement, which is used process a Zero Liquid through cooling tower, only the

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 153 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Discharge process. blowdown water is allowed to settle in pond, decanted water is used in greenbelt development or dust suppression. Sewage waste is led to septic tank followed by soak pits. The outflow of which will be used for greenbelt development. This ensures ZLD.

4 Land Pollution due to discharge of Domestic sewage effluent generated sewage waste and solid wastes will flow into septic tank followed by . soak pit. Process solid wastes generated such as slag is used for metal recovery and thereafter sent to TSDF. APCD dust is packed in HDPE bags for precious metal recovery by the Recyclers and disposal of wastes to TSDF. 5 Biological Disturbance due to increase in Same as covered under Noise above. Flora, Fauna noise or settling of fine dust. Operational activities of heavy machineries and transportation only in daytime. Further noise absorbing and dust assimilating species of greenbelt trees are selected for plantation. 6 Socio Positive impact because of People from the local area to be Economic Employment to local people. employed as far as possible. 7 Occupational Auditory ailment due to noise Equipments with noise level below Health & generated from the production 80dB (A) only will be used. Wearing of Safety unit. Accidents due to personal protective equipments like gas handling/storage/transportation masks, ear muffs etc. will be strictly of hazardous materials. Lower enforced. visibility due to Air pollution Training/awareness programme about the handling / storage / transportation of hazardous materials. First aid training for chemical/fire hazard related accidents. Water sprinlkling on haul roads. Selection of APCD systems.

9.3 Details of Management Plan

9.3.1 Air Environment

The major pollutants emitted from the plants are Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbons (HC). The

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 154 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex major sources of pollutants are vehicular movement, material handling, and the dust emission from operation.

During the ambient air quality monitoring, it is observed that the baseline concentration of air pollutants, namely PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, is well below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009. It is anticipated that the plant activity will not cause any adverse effect on the existing baseline status. Fugitive emissions will be controlled with the following recommended measures:

 Development of green belt in the plant area.  Use of water sprinkling system in haulage roads for dust suppression.  Over loading shall be avoided during crushing and grinding of Scrap.  Proper maintenance of haulage roads, which are being used for transportation of material.

In addition to the above, the following additional measures are also recommended:

 Dust mask will be provided to workers working in dust generating area.  Overloading of trucks will be avoided.  Utmost care and regular inspection schedule will be carried out to prevent any fugitive emission of dust during manufacturing process and transportation of material from one place to another.

9.3.2 Air Pollution Control Equipments

The following air control equipments will be installed to control the emission of air pollutants.

The gases evolved along with dust from the process of steel making in the Induction Furnaces are collected in the side swiveling hoods and on cooling are cleaned in APCD system having 99.9% efficiency of dust collection. The dust collector will have pulse jet filter of very fine fabric specifically made to prevent dust emission. The particulate matter in the emitted air will be within the permissible limits of NAAQS, 2009. The dust thus collected in dust collector and will not be wasted; it will be packed in bags and sold. There is no fugitive emission from grinding & crushing of Silico Manganese and Aluminum.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 155 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex As a control mechanism, it will be strictly ensured that all the vehicles are PUC certified and properly covered during transportation, loading, unloading and other such activities of raw materials and finished products.

9.3.3 Noise Environment Noise exposure level will be maintained not more than 75 dB (A) in the work zone (for 8 hours exposure). The main sources of noise in plant activity are sizing of scrap to charging size in in induction furnace. Accoustic chamber is provided to DG set. The following precautionary measures will be taken to control noise pollution:

 Ear muffs, ear plugs, etc. will be provided to workers in places of high noise.  The silencers and enclosures are incorporated for equipments and machineries, which emit high noise levels.  Regular maintenance will be carried out for equipments and various machines.

 Plantation will be carried out.  Sufficient green belt is proposed to control noise level.  PUC certified vehicles will only be used 9.3.4 Water Environment

Water Pollution Control System

Water for construction and domestic purpose will be drawn from borewell. About 150 KLD fresh water will be drawn daily, out of which 20 KLD will be required for domestic purposes and 130 KLD will be used as make up water for cooling water recirculation system. No waste water is disposed to the ground. Waste water of cooling tower blow down and from domestic sewage water soak pits is used for greenbelt development or dust suppression on haul road.

9.3.5 Budget for Environment Pollution Control Measures.

The Capital cost of Rs. 3 crore along with operating cost of Rs.3.3 crore/year has been proposed for the Control of environment pollution in the premises.

9.4 Greenbelt Development Development of a greenbelt around the proposed facility mitigates to a certain extent the potential negative impact on the environment due to dust, air emissions, fugitive emission and noise. A green cover itself acts as containment for dust. Presence of a green belt, will lead to

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 156 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex micro-climate and soil quality balancing, by retaining soil moisture, recharge of ground water as well as self-control of micro- climate of that area. It also improves the aesthetic value of the area, later on it becomes the natural habitat of various bird species. Development of a green belt around the proposed project site will also help to contain noise generated during construction and operational phases. There are two types of approaches recognized for development of green belts i.e. Source oriented approach and Receptor oriented approach. Both source and receptor-oriented approaches are similar i.e. it requires development of green belt. The only difference is the way the plantation is being done. In source-oriented approach green belt is located around the pollution source whereas in receptor-oriented approach the receptor is protected against pollution by development of green belt nearer to the receptor. In this project the plantation will be source oriented, i.e., the plant site will be covered at the boundary with green belt. The general considerations involved while developing the green belt are:  Generally local/native fast-growing trees should be planted.  Planting of trees should be undertaken in appropriate encircling rows around the project site.  The trees should be protected by plantation of non-palatable shrub species to avoid browsing by animals.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 157 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex

Figure 9-1: Site Photographs

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 158 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 9.5 Health and Safety The Health and Safety of the employees shall be given first priority during the plant construction and operation. Provision of rest shelters for workers with amenities like drinking water, fans etc. First aid facility shall be provided at project site. Training programme organized on First Aid. Periodical medical checkup camp shall be organized for worker and staff.

Anticipated occupational Health impacts of the project construction

The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to accidents during construction activities and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements to reduce it within Threshold Limiting Values (TLV), required personal protective equipment (PPE) like helmet, dust masks, ear muffs etc. will also be supplied to workers.

Operation and Maintenance Noise is the major occupational hazard during operation stage apart from chemical and accidental hazards. Suitable personnel protective equipment will be given to employees. The working personnel shall be given the following appropriate personal protective equipments.

 Industrial safety helmet.  Welders equipment for eye and face protection.  Cylindrical type earplug.  Ear muffs.  Safety belt/line man's safety belt.  Leather hand gloves.  Asbestos hand gloves.  Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm.  Electrical resistance hand gloves.  Industrial safety shoes with steel toe.  Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots.

First aid facility will be made available round the clock for attending to emergency in case of any accident, if any. All working personnel shall be medically examined at least once every six months and at the end of his term of employment.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 159 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Health and Safety Monitoring Plan

All the potential occupational hazardous work places such as fuel storage area will be monitored regularly. The health of employees working in these areas will be monitored once in six months for early detection of any ailment.

 Examination of worker’s health in relation to work.  Surveillance of working environments.  Identification and evaluation of environmental factors which may affect the workers health.  Assessment of conditions of occupational worker’s health.  Observance of safety norms and reduce/eliminate exposure to hazardous environment.  Company will take up monitoring activities periodically to assess hazards due to gases, dusts, etc.

9.6 Implementation of EMP and Monitoring A large part of the sampling and measurement activities will be concerned with long term monitoring aimed at providing an early warning of any undesirable changes or trends in the natural environment that can be associated with beneficiation and associated activities. In particular, monitoring strategy is required to ensure that all environmental resources, which may be subjected to contamination, are kept under review. Monitoring of the individual elements of the environment is necessary. To meet the above objective an Environment Management Cell shall be formed under supervision of consultant and involve Pollution Control Board for their valuable suggestion and guidance. The following items will be considered under the monitoring schedule:  Re- Vegetation & Green Belt development  Air Quality Monitoring  Water Quality Monitoring  Occupational Health  Socio-Economic Development. The monitoring and disaster management plans as given in the previous sections will be followed.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 160 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 9.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan

Table 9-2: Environmental Monitoring (Construction Phase)

Attribute Location & frequency Parameters

Air At Major Construction, half PM10,PM2.5,NO2 and SO2 yearly Noise At Major Construction site Equivalent Noise level

Water Location within plant area Parameters as per CPCB and nearest well outside the standards plant, half yearly

Table 9-3: Environmental Monitoring (Operation Phase)

Attribute Location & frequency Parameters

Air Scrubber outlet, generator PM10,PM2.5,SO2,NO2,CO set, process stacks, three locations within 100 – 200 m of the project site and two locations within the, half yearly Noise Generator set, three locations Equivalent noise level within 100 – 200 m of the within the plant near the production units. Monthly Water Location within plant area Parameters as per CPCB and nearest well outside the Standards plant. Half yearly Soil One location within plant pH, moisture content, area and two locations texture, organic matter, around the project site within chloride, SAR Nitrogen 200 m distance from the unit. Phosphorus, Potassium Once in a year. Occupational - General and respiratory and Health liver ailments check up

9.8 Environment Management Cell An Environment Management Cell (EMC) will be formed which will be responsible for implementation of the aforesaid post project monitoring/management plan. The composition of the Environment Management Cell and responsibilities of its various members are given in Table below. The Company will establish Environment Policy and accordingly set up a reporting system for compliance of various provision of Environmental Clearance, as per the guidelines of PPCB.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 161 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex Table 9-4: Environment Management Cell

Designation Proposed Responsibility Senior Director Environmental policy and directions. Advisor Environment Overall responsibility for environment management and decision making for all environmental issues. Director In-charge of operation of environment management facilities. Ensuring legal compliance and interaction with regulatory agencies. Manager Secondary responsibilities for environment management and decision making for all environmental issues. Site Incharge Ensure environmental monitoring as per appropriate procedures.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 162 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

10.1 Summary M/s. Aarti Impex is located at vill-Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Dist.-Ludhiana, Punjab. The existing setup included an induction furnace (having 6 T/heat capacity) and a rerolling mill (including reheating furnace) having production capacity of 70 T/Day (while operating in single shift of 8 hours). After expansion, the proposed capacity of the plant would be 680 T/Day. The proposed project belongs to Expansion of production capacity and augmentation of the existing unit.

Project falls under Category A due to project being located in Critically Polluted Area, Ludhiana as Metallurgical Industries (secondary metallurgical processing) Item 3(a)(c) of the schedule of EIA notification of Sept 14, 2006 issued by MOEF.

Water for construction and domestic purpose will be drawn from borewell. Approximately 150 KLD water will be used for industrial and domestic purposes. Total Power load around 27680 kVA to run the entire plant & machinery during Construction and Operational Phase. Expected source is Punjab State Power Corporation Ltd. Total Plot Area is around 3.931 Hectares.

Domestic waste water will be generated as liquid effluent which will be further sent to the Soak Pit. About 10-15 % of the total raw material used will get converted into slag which is a hazardous waste. Slag, Dust from cyclones and Bag filters are hazardous materials generated on site, which will be managed as per Hazardous Waste Management Handling and Transboundary Movement Rules, 2008 & amended thereof. The generated slag & APCD dust will be disposed of in the authorized TSDF site. Total Project Cost will be Rs. 4513Lacs.

10.2 Conclusion Certain levels of impacts are observed in the proposed project. These impacts are reduced by mitigative measures implemented in the project area. Apart from these impacts certain beneficial effects in terms of providing employment opportunities and development of surrounding plant area is foreseen. This will produce multiple effects on the life and economy of the local people. The project activities involved in the construction and operation phase are identified. For identification of impacts, the interaction between the project activities and different components of environment were detailed and are classified phase wise.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 163 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex In the constructional phase, the transportation of construction material could have an impact, especially on air, noise, vibration. However, since the proposed project is surrounded with industries and well-maintained infrastructure facilities exist, even this impact is minimal and temporary. The noxious emission arising out of the various systems will be taken care by a bag filters and waste water generated if any will be recycled in the manufacturing process. During the operational phase, there could be minor change in air quality. Transportation of raw material, storage and handling of material and the production process could cause a temporary disturbance to environment variables which will be prevented with the proposed mitigation measures. The evolved gases with dust from the Induction Furnaces will be cleaned in high efficiency Pulse jet bag filters and the collected dust will again be used for recovery of Zinc before finally disposing of to the TSDF. Similarly, metal will be extracted from the slag generated before sending the slag to TSDF or used for filling low lying areas. There is no waste water/ liquid discharges and the plant will follow ZLD. With respect to occupational health, minimal impacts are anticipated on the health of the employees during operation phase. As the project site is already established there are no issues related to Resettlement and Rehabilitation. The company has proposed to create green belt inside the project area premises along with development of rainwater harvesting system inside the plant premises. The project will generate employment opportunities among the local people which will provide a handsome support in improving the living standard. Thus, it can be concluded that with the judicious and proper implementation of the pollution control and mitigation measures, the proposed project will be beneficial to the society and will help reduce the demand-supply gap of steel and will contribute to the economic development of the region in particular and country in general. The project is sustainable and is a need of the time.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 164 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex 11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS

M/s Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited (SSWML) has been appointed as Consultant to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment study of the proposed metallurgical project M/s Aarti Impex. Brief profile of SSWML is as below:

Name of the Consultancy M/s. Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd. Company Registered Office: Village-Majra, P.O. Dabhota, Tehsil Nalagarh, Distt. Solan, Himachal Pradesh – 174101 Phone/Telefax: 01795-260427, 260227 Address Zirakpur Office: SCO 20-21, 2ndFloor, Near Hotel Dolphin, Baltana, Zirakpur Punjab- 140604 Phone/Telefax: 01762– 509496 [email protected] E-mail Address [email protected] Website www.sswml.net Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facility, EIA Consultancy, Environmental, Health & Safety Auditing, EMS, Environmental Monitoring & Nature of Services Laboratory Analytical Services, Waste water Management, Energy Audit Greens Concept Development, etc.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Limited (SSWML), Nalagarh is offering high quality technical services in the field of EIA, Environment, Health & Safety (EHS), and Environmental Monitoring & Laboratory Analytical Services etc. SSWML is supported by distinguished professionals, engineers, scientists etc. SSWML Professionals have excellent experience in executing EIA and other environmental projects. For Environmental Monitoring related work, we have our in-house laboratory approved by NABL. Following experts are associated with SSWML for EIA and Environmental projects. Following experts are associated with SSWML for EIA and Environmental projects. Declaration by Experts contributing to the final EIA of Proposed Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility at Vill. -Budhewal, Budhewal road, Tehsil & Dist.- Ludhiana, Punjab by M/s. Aarti Impex.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 165 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex I hereby certify that I was the part of EIA team for above mentioned project along with the following members who has engaged to develop theabove-mentionedEIA project. EIA Coordinator: Name: Dr. D.M. Dharmadhikari

Signature: Period of Involvement: February 2017 to till date

Table 11-1: Key Personnel/Experts Associated with the Study

S. Functiona Name of the Involvement (Period No. l Areas Expert/s & Task**) 1. AP* Vishal Duggal & Visited site and written Muzaffar Ahmad the sections on air pollution control management.

Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date 2. WP* Vishal Duggal Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date.

Visited site and written the sections on water pollution control management 3. SHW* Daksha Gupta Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date

Visited site and written the sections on solid wastes generation and management 4. SE* SayantaniChaterj Period of Involvement: ee March 2017 –till date Visited site and written the sections on socio- economic scenario and

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 166 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Functiona Name of the Involvement (Period No. l Areas Expert/s & Task**) CSR Plan. 5. EB* S. Brahma Period of Involvement: &Shivali Dutt March 2017 –till date. Conducted field visits and did primary survey work at site, collected information about flora and fauna from Forest dept and checked during field visit 6. HG* Yamesh Sharma Provided guidance on Hydrology aspects of the EIA Report. 7. GEO* Subhash Chander Geology and Sharma geomorphologic analysis based on secondary data and in coordination with FAE, HG, analysis of the data collected, and contribution to EIA documentation 8. SC* BS Lole Interpretation of baseline data of soil analysis and its interpretation along with field observation Preparation of final report considering impact and mitigation on Soil as per guide line 9. AQ* S.V. Prashant& Checking air quality Vishal Duggal data, evaluation of results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM), supervision of air quality modeling

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 167 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Functiona Name of the Involvement (Period No. l Areas Expert/s & Task**) and prediction, identification of impacts, suggestion and finalization of mitigation measures.

Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date 10. NV* Viney Kurakula Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date

Visited site and written the sections on noise pollution control and management 11. LU* Viney Kurakula Period of Involvement: March 2017 –till date

Written land use section Prepared land use maps, contours and drainage maps based on satellite imagery 12. RH* S.V. Prashant& Written the section on Ashok Sharma Risk Analysis, Mitigation Measures and DMP.

Table 11-2: Key Personnel/FAA Associated with the Study

S. Functional Name of the Involvement No. Areas TM/FAA (Period & Task**) 1. AP* Vishal Assisted approved FAE Period of Kolhapure Involvement: during study periodTasks: Assisted FAE Site visit, checking air quality data, evaluation of results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM), and contribution to EIA documentation& compilation of report.

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 168 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Functional Name of the Involvement No. Areas TM/FAA (Period & Task**) 2. WP* Dilbagh Singh, Assisted approved FAE Period of & Kashyap Involvement: during study Bhatt periodAssisted approved FAE Site Visit, Performance Evaluation of existing CETP, Treatability Studies based on evaluation of performance for the proposed treatment scheme, selection of sampling locations for surface and ground water sampling, evaluation of water pollution control management, identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation measures, contribution to EIA documentation. 3. SHW* Niraj Kumari Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement: during study Parihar, periodAssisted approved FAE Site Dilbagh Singh Visit, Identification of solid and Hazardous Wastes generated, designs & Vishal for temporary storage facilities for Kolhapure hazardous wastes, mitigation measures for management of hazardous waste, contribution to the EIA documentation. 4. SC* S Brahma Assisted approved FAE Period of Involvement: during study &Sanjay periodInterpretation of base line data Sharma of soil analysis and its interpretation along with field observation Preparation of final report considering impact and mitigation on Soil as per guideline 5. NV* Niraj Kumari Assisted approved FAE Period of Parihar Involvement: during study period Supervision of noise sampling programme, analysis of data, noise modeling, identification of impacts and mitigation measures, and contribution to EIA documentation. 6. RH* Kashyap Assisted approved FAE Period of Bhatt&Vaseem Involvement: during study Zafar periodCoordinating safety studies, finalization of DMP, contribution to

PREPARED BY: SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. Page 169 Final EIA Report for Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex S. Functional Name of the Involvement No. Areas TM/FAA (Period & Task**) RA / DMP Documentation and contribution to EIA documentation.

7. LU Mohammad Assisted approved FAE Period of Sharique Involvement: during study periodAssisted approved FAE Site Visit, Written land use section Prepared land use maps, contours and drainage maps based on satellite imagery. 8. Geo Mohammad Assisted approved FAE Period of Sharique Involvement: during study periodAssisted approved FAE Site Visit, Geology and geomorphologic analysis based on secondary data and in coordination with FAE, HG, analysis of the data collected, and contribution to EIA documentation.

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/Authorized person

I, Ashok Sharma, hereby, confirm that above-mentioned experts prepared the final EIA of. Proposed Expansion of total Production Capacity and Augmentation of Integrating Melting and Rolling Facility of M/s. Aarti Impex. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any miss-leading information of above mentioned statement.

Signature:

Name: Ashok Kumar Sharma Designation: CEO Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd. NABET Certificate No NABET/EIA/1619/RA0040. & Issue Date: 28thMarch 2017.

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