Information and Communication Technologies
Collaborative Project
Unobtrusive Smart Environments For Independent Living
USEFIL
Grant Agreement Number 288532
D8.9 ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET
Report Identifier: D8.9
Work-package, Task: WP8 Status –Version: Approved V3.0 Distribution Security*: PU Deliverable Type: ** R
Editor: TP Vision Contributors: NCSR, HHI, WARWICK, TP Vision
Abstract: This document represents the final version of deliverable 8.9 – Assessment and analysis of the market. The aim of this deliverable is to provide an assessment of the market possibilities for the USEFIL platform and services. It also provides a market survey and business models that guide to a successful deployment of the developed USEFIL platform and services.
Keywords: market potential, market analysis, business analysis, business model
*PU – Public, PP – Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services), RE – Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services), CO – Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services). **R – Report, P – Prototype, D – Demonstrator, O – Other.
Disclaimer Neither the USEFIL Consortium nor any of its members, their officers, employees or agents shall be responsible or liable in negligence or otherwise howsoever in respect of any inaccuracy or omission herein. Without derogating from the generality of the foregoing, neither the USEFIL Consortium nor any of its members, their officers, employees or agents shall be liable for any direct or indirect or consequential loss or damage caused by or arising from any information advice or inaccuracy or omission herein.
Copyright notice © Copyright 2011-2015 by the USEFIL Consortium This document contains information that is protected by copyright. All Rights Reserved. No part of this work covered by copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means without the permission of the copyright holders.
Document Revision History
Date Version Author/Editor/Contributor Version Description
21.05.2013 0.1 Kees Tuinenbreijer Initial version: TOC
29.07.2013 0.2 Iliana Kylintirea, Areti Katsamagkou, Additions and fixes Homer Papadopoulos
18.10.2013 0.3 Bram van der Wal, Jense Seurynck First draft section 2.2
31.10.2013 0.4 James Amor, Jense Seurynck (editor) Added draft by UoW for section 2.4
16.12.2013 0.5 Jense Seurynck Draft for EU review of year 2
03.07.2014 0.6 Jense Seurynck Fully edited draft before updates by partners and final review
05.11.2014 0.7 Vassiliki Apostolopoulou Chapter 3 content by Vassiliki, merging and editing by Jense Jense Seurynck
04.02.2015 0.8 Homer Papadopoulos Chapter 4 update by Homer, merging and editing by Jense Jense Seurynck
18.02.2015 0.9 Detlef Ruschin, James Amor, Jense Chapters 1, 2.1, 2.2, 5 updated Seurynck (Jense), Chapter 2.3 content added (Detlef), Chapter 2.4 updated (James), Editing (Jense)
20.02.2015 0.95 Homer Papadopoulos, Antonis Chapter 2.5 updated Korakis, Dimitris Mygdakos
24.02.2015 1.0 Artem Katasonov Upgraded to Draft status for review
20.03.2015 1.1 Jense Seurynck, Benoit Marion Adapted structure and significant rework of comments from review. Chapter on business models rewritten from scratch.
24.03.2015 2.0 Artem Katasonov Upgraded to Proposal status.
24.03.2015 3.0 Artem Katasonov Upgraded to Approved status.
D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market
Table of Contents
ABBREVIATIONS ...... 7 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 8 1.1 SCOPE ...... 8 1.2 DELIVERABLE STRUCTURE ...... 8 2 MARKET ASSESSMENT ...... 9 2.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 9 2.2 GENERAL MARKET STATUS ...... 9 2.3 SMART TV MARKET REVIEW ...... 10 2.3.1 Market overview and status ...... 10 2.3.2 Market forecast and trends ...... 12 2.4 TABLET MARKET REVIEW ...... 18 2.4.1 Market overview and status ...... 18 2.4.2 Market forecast and trends ...... 19 2.5 WRIST WATCH MARKET REVIEW ...... 21 2.5.1 Market overview and status ...... 21 2.5.2 Market forecast and trends ...... 22 2.6 SENSORS MARKET REVIEW ...... 23 2.6.1 Market overview and status ...... 23 2.6.2 Market forecast and trends ...... 26 3 USEFIL SERVICES OVERVIEW ...... 37 3.1 USEFIL VISION & ECOSYSTEM – A FIRST CUT VIEW ...... 37 3.2 SERVICES ...... 39 3.2.1 USEFIL platform with the DSS (Smart TV / PC / Tablets)...... 39 3.2.2 Doctors/professionals platform ...... 42 3.2.3 Developers platform ...... 44 3.2.4 Awareness Android application ...... 45 3.2.5 Applications for wrist watch ...... 46 4 BUSINESS MODELS ...... 48 4.1 USEFIL SERVICE BUNDLES AND BUSINESS MODEL OVERVIEW ...... 48 4.2 USEFIL SERVICES FOR THE MARKET ...... 49 4.3 COMPLETE SERVICE BUNDLE OFFERING FOR HOME USE (B2B/B2C) ...... 50 4.3.1 Business Model Canvas ...... 50 4.3.2 SWOT Analysis ...... 51
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4.4 COMPLETE SERVICE BUNDLE OFFERING FOR SERVICE FLATS ...... 52 4.4.1 Business Model Canvas ...... 52 4.4.2 SWOT Analysis ...... 53 4.5 USEFIL AS 3RD PARTY APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT PLATFORM...... 54 4.5.1 Business Model Canvas ...... 54 4.5.2 SWOT Analysis ...... 55 4.6 USEFIL AS PROVIDER OF ANONYMIZED DATA ...... 56 4.6.1 Business Model Canvas ...... 56 4.6.2 SWOT Analysis ...... 57 4.7 USEFIL AS A BILLING AND SCHEDULING TOOL ...... 58 4.7.1 Business Model Canvas ...... 58 4.7.2 SWOT Analysis ...... 59 5 CONCLUSIONS ...... 60 6 APPENDIX A : OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE SENSOR DEVICES ...... 61 REFERENCES ...... 64
List of Tables
TABLE 1 MOST IMPORTANT OTT SERVICES, WWW.STREAMINGMEDIA.COM, 2013 ...... 13
TABLE 2: OVERVIEW OF CHOSEN SMART TV OS BY MANUFACTURER ...... 17
TABLE 3: WORLDWIDE TABLET SHIPMENTS, MARKET SHARE, YEAR-OVER-YEAR GROWTH, AND 5-YEAR CAGR BY OPERATING SYSTEM, 2014-2018 (SHIPMENT VOLUMES IN MILLIONS), (HTTP://WWW.IDC.COM/GETDOC.JSP?CONTAINERID=PRUS25267314) ...... 20
TABLE 4 SPECIFICATIONS OF DEVICES ON OR NEAR MARKET...... 22
TABLE 5 TRACKING HEALTH INDICATORS ...... 33
List of Figures
FIGURE 1 THE NEW MULTI-SCREEN WORLD, GOOGLE 2012 ...... 10
FIGURE 2 MULTIPLE DEVICES TO WATCH CONTENT. SOURCE: FUTURE ENTERTAINMENT SUMMIT 2013 ...... 10
FIGURE 3 TV AND VIDEO CONSUMERLAB, ERICSSON, AUG 2012 ...... 11
FIGURE 4 CONTENT TYPE DISTRIBUTION PER DEVICE TYPE, ACCENTURE VIDEO SOLUTIONS SURVEY, 2013 ...... 11
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL OTT VIDEO REVENUES 2011 - 2017, INFORMA TELECOMS & MEDIA ...... 13
FIGURE 6 BROADCASTER BUSINESS MODELS EVOLVING ...... 13
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FIGURE 7 SMART HOME ECOSYSTEMS, ARTHUR D. LITTLE ...... 14
FIGURE 8 SMART HOME: HOME AUTOMATION ...... 15
FIGURE 9 SMART HOME: AT&T EXAMPLE ...... 16
FIGURE 10: TABLET SALES 2010-2014 ...... 19
FIGURE 11: TABLET MARKET GROWTH...... 20
FIGURE 12 PERCENT POPULATION AGED 65 AND OVER: 2040 ...... 23
FIGURE 13 PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE HAMPERED IN DAILY ACTIVITIES BY ANY PHYSICAL OR MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEM, ILLNESS OR DISABILITY, BY AGE. EU, 2001, EUROSTAT (07/2004) ...... 27
FIGURE 14 FUTURE TRENDS IN THE CARE SECTOR ...... 28
FIGURE 15 THE YOURSHAPE ® ONLINE PORTAL ...... 30
FIGURE 16 CAREGIVERS AND HELATH ACTIVITIES...... 34
FIGURE 17 USEFIL ECOSYSTEM ...... 37
FIGURE 18. USEFIL DATA COMMUNICATION APPROACH ...... 38
FIGURE 19 ELDERLY USER HOME INTERFACE ...... 39
FIGURE 20 FAMILY/CARER HOME INTERFACE ...... 41
FIGURE 21 FAMILY/CARER DATA ACCESS APPLICATION ...... 42
FIGURE 22 DOCTORS’ INTERFACE HOME SCREEN ...... 43
FIGURE 23: DEVELOPERS’ PORTAL HOME PAGE ...... 44
FIGURE 24 START VIEW OF THE USEFIL APP FOR TABLET ...... 45
FIGURE 25 THE INTERFACE LAYOUT FOR THE WWU APP...... 47
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Abbreviations
AT Assistive Technology
B2B Business to Business
B2C Business to Consumer
BOM Bill of Materials
DSS Decision Support System
EU European Union
GPS Global Positioning System
IOT Internet of Things
OS Operating System
OIPF Open IPTV Forum
OTT over-the-top content (delivery of audio, video, and other media)
PC personal computer
RFID radio-frequency identification
SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
VAR Value-Added Reseller
VAS Value Added Service
VOD Video On Demand
WWU Wrist Worn Unit
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1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes • The market in which USEFIL will need to operate. This includes a market assessment of the main bought in parts of the system, such as Smart TVs, Tablets, Smart Watches and Sensors. • The services that USEFIL provides. These serve as a basis for the creation of business models. • Business models which include the anticipated requirements and the models will be clarified for efficacy with a selection of the polled vendors. In this way an optimised business model will emerge. • The strengths and weaknesses, target groups, value proposition and strategy of each proposed business model.
1.2 Deliverable structure
The deliverable is structured in 5 chapters: • Chapter 1 provides the introduction of the document defines its scope and describes the methodology followed. • Chapter 2 presents the assessment of the markets that are relevant to the various USEFIL services. • Chapter 3 summarizes the services offered within the USEFIL platform and presents a SWOT analysis. • Chapter 4 provides the most feasible business models and exploitation routes. • Chapter 5 draws conclusions.
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2 Market Assessment
2.1 Introduction
This chapter contains a market assessment of the used technologies in terms of “market overview, status, trends and forecast”. Covered technologies are SmartTV, Tablets, Wrist Watches and Sensors. For the exploitation plans, please refer to D8.10 Exploitation Roadmap and Exploitation plan.
2.2 General Market Status
In 2012 the percentage of the world population 65+ was 6.9%, and this is estimated to increase to around 20% by 2050 [1] (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001).This population ageing is unprecedented, without parallel in human history. The 21st century is witnessing even more rapid ageing than did the century just past. Population ageing is pervasive, a global phenomenon affecting every man, woman and child [2]. Different countries are at very different stages of the process, and the pace of change differs greatly. For example, Japan has experienced very rapid ageing to which it has had to quickly respond. Countries like Australia are experiencing a more gradual process where they do have time to adjust (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001). Population ageing is enduring. We will not return to the young populations that our ancestors knew. Population ageing also has profound implications for many facets of human life, including work, housing, transport, leisure, health and relationships. Some of the advantages of aging at home are: • Aging at home maintains a familiar environment for the senior or elderly person so that they can continue to live in their own surroundings without making a drastic change • It fosters community continuity, which means the senior can continue to frequent their usual grocery store, drugstore or other places in which they are comfortably shopping and asking for help • It maintains valuable social networks, often keeping contact with neighbours and friends who live nearby • It is a way of strengthening family and family ties • It promotes physical and mental well-being, just by continuing to keep the senior in a home where they often have raised their family • There are fewer safety issues to manage because the seniors are familiar with their home • The costs of providing care at home are far less than institutionalized care • The risks of acquiring infections and other illnesses through exposure are minimized.
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2.3 Smart TV Market Review
2.3.1 Market overview and status
TV no longer commands our full attention. Consumers are multitasking:
Figure 1 The new Multi-screen world, Google 2012
The TV set has become one of many devices to watch (TV) content. 78% of people now watch TV / Video on some form of connected device.
Figure 2 Multiple devices to watch content. Source: Future Entertainment Summit 2013
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Figure 3 TV and Video ConsumerLab, Ericsson, Aug 2012
Traditional linear TV is still dominant, but shows a decreasing trend. On demand viewing is showing a steady increase. Next to that, Social TV is exploding. 62% of people use social networking sites and forums while watching TV on a weekly basis and this number is growing. 40% of these people are discussing what they are currently watching on TV over social networks.
Research indicates that people watch different types of content over the internet, depending on the device that is used.
Figure 4 Content type distribution per device type, Accenture Video Solutions Survey, 2013
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TV is mainly used for watching quality content, such as full length movies, TV series and live content. User generated content such as home movies, short clips and YouTube are primarily watched on smartphones, tablets or PC/laptop.
2.3.2 Market forecast and trends What consumers expect from watching TV tomorrow
TV Everywhere
OTT content available always everywhere, on all connected devices Content designed
One Service – Any content Aggregated service which can bring all content into one experience (on-demand, premiers, live TV, background viewing). It can be picked up by a social networking brand, TV vendor or on-demand service provider.
Complete experience
The aggregated TV and video service would help consumers to discover new content in a reliable and inspiring way, integrating social aspects and recommendations. All this should be personalized and synchronized across devices. The goal is to have a less cluttered content offering and provide a more intense experience. Within the next 5 years the Smart TV market will evolve around the following 3 themes: 1. TV 3.0 (linear broadcast OTT proposition, next to VOD and OTT services) 2. Gaming 3. Smart Home
2.3.2.1 TV 3.0 TV 3.0 revolves around the Over-The-Top content proposition. This is all about content delivery via broadband internet, irrespective of whether this is linear broadcast, VOD or other services. The table below indicates the most important OTT services as per 2013 and the expected development in the future.
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Table 1 Most important OTT services, www.streamingmedia.com, 2013
The business models around OTT are evolving, but the revenue source division is expected to remain the same. The largest part of revenues are generated from advertising, followed by the subscriptions. Singular transactions only account for a small part of the total revenue.
Figure 5 Global OTT video revenues 2011 - 2017, Informa Telecoms & Media
At the same time, the business models of the traditional broadcasters themselves are evolving. Several of them are for example working on Virtual Set Top Box solutions, so no actual box is needed anymore.
Figure 6 Broadcaster business models evolving
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Standardization efforts have started as well. For example in OIPF proposals have been and are being worked out.
2.3.2.2 Gaming Games become available as cloud-based rendered games that can be run on any device. There will be no dependency anymore on game console HW to bring high-quality games into the home. The TV device becomes the ideal platform to play these cloud-based games and video content, since it includes the only non-replaceable part of the current setup: the screen on which you see what you are playing. The business models of the Gaming Providers are evolving accordingly: 1. Online and Subscriber-Based Business Models 2. Episodic Content Business Models 3. Advertising & Micropayment Based Business Models 4. Loaning & Trading downloaded games (XBOX One) 5. Free to Play business models (Electronic Arts) 6. Game Consoles manufacturers moving into new domains (fitness & sports)
These cloud gaming services are being launched already. One mainline example is Playstation Now, being rolled out within the Sony devices ecosystem and is expected to spread further – beyond Sony – from 2015 onwards. OnLive is another example, which was launched on Philips Android TVs in 2014.
2.3.2.3 Smart Home
Figure 7 Smart Home ecosystems, Arthur D. Little
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It has often been repeated, but society is ageing. By 2020, 20% of the European population will be over 65 years old. Next to that, 21% of all families will be single parent families. Both trends will lead to an increasing demand for new services at (Smart) Home. Digital addiction is spreading. Estimates indicate that by 2015, there will be 3.6 screens per person in Europe. This was 1.7 screens per person in 2000. The additional screens are mainly portable devices. Having these readily available as controllers for Smart Home Applications is a very strong enabler. There is a strong push from large players, who are positioning themselves at the center of the Smart Home ecosystem: • Over-the-top players offering applications and operating systems (e.g. Google, Apple, Microsoft) • Telecom and utility service providers managing the customer relationship (e.g. Telefonica, E.ON, GDF Suez) • Appliance manufacturers providing Smart Home devices (e.g. LG with the LG Homenet, Philips with Philips Hue)
Figure 8 Smart Home: Home Automation
The first Smart Home applications from telco operators are hitting the market. The example below is from AT&T.
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Figure 9 Smart Home: AT&T example
TV is the ideal candidate to show smart home status, or link TV watching scenarios to Smart Home services!
2.3.2.4 The Smart TV OS Wars Next to featuring, there is also a large scale campaign starting from different TV manufacturers on which Operating System is the best to deliver these features to the customer. While in the mobile business this has been largely settled (iOS, Android and possibly Windows), there is nothing fixed yet in the world of Smart TV. All large TV manufacturers have bet on a certain operating system to prevail and it will become clearer in the coming months and years which one(s) will survive. See the table below for a brief overview of current market status.
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Manufacturer Chosen OS
Philips Android (Google)
Samsung Tizen (in-house)
Sony Android (Google)
LG WebOS (in-house)
Panasonic Firefox OS (Mozilla)
Table 2: Overview of chosen Smart TV OS by manufacturer
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2.4 Tablet Market Review
2.4.1 Market overview and status The term tablet computer or just tablet refers to a mobile computing device larger than a mobile phone or personal digital assistant, integrated into a flat touch screen and primarily operated through this touch screen. If alphanumerical input is required, this is normally achieved by using a virtual keyboard on the screen. Some models include pens that can be used optionally, for instance for handwriting input. Often it is possible to connect additional peripheral devices including physical keyboards, cameras, mass-storage devices, wireless network adapters etc. The standard form just described is called slate. Three other forms with different approaches for providing the user with a separate keyboard not consuming main screen real estate have been offered on the market, which are called convertibles, hybrids, and booklets respectively. Convertibles have an integrated real keyboard that can be hidden by a swivel or slide joint. Hybrids have a keyboard into which the tablet can be inserted like into a docking station and which holds the tablet in an upright position. The detached tablet can be operated like an ordinary slate. Booklets are devices that fold open like a book and have a screen on either side. Both screens are equipped with touchscreen functionality. If the Booklet is operated in an half opened position and placed in front of the user like a notebook computer, an onscreen keyboard can be loaded on the horizontal screen and the booklet can be used like a Convertible. Otherwise it resembles a foldable slate. Tablets in their current finger-touch operated form appeared on the market in 2010 and were surrounded by hype. Some voices predicted that tablets would replace notebooks, but such predictions overlooked the fact that tablets, notably in the most widely used slate form factor, are unsuitable for office-type work. They are therefore an additional device providing limited functionality in a more convenient way than either a smartphone or a pc/notebook. Indeed the sales figures exploded during the first three tablet years, peaking at 75 million devices shipped worldwide in the third quarter of 2013 (figure 10).
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Figure 10: Tablet sales 2010-2014
2.4.2 Market forecast and trends In 2014, however, the hype appears to have folded, and practically no year-over-year growth occurred anymore (figure 11). More than 70% of all devices are currently shipped with Android, which is also readily apparent from figure 10. Some 30% of all tablets, with a decreasing tendency, are running Apples iOS. Windows (currently ver. RT and 8.x) and all other OSs have a negligible market share.
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Figure 11: Tablet Market Growth
A recent forecast by IDC analysts predicts Windows to achieve a market share of 11.4% till 2018 and a slight reduction of Android based devices to 64% (table 3).
2014* 2014* 2014* 2018* 2018* 2018* Operating 2014-2018 Shipment Market YoY Shipment Market YoY System CAGR Volumes Share Growth Volumes Share Growth Android 159.5 67.7% 16.0% 183.1 64.0% 2.2% 5.9% iOS 64.9 27.5% -12.7% 70.1 24.5% 2.2% -1.1% Windows 10.9 4.6% 67.3% 32.6 11.4% 17.9% 38.1% Other 0.5 0.2% -70.6% 0.1 0.0% -11.3% -43.0% Total 235.7 100.0% 7.2% 285.9 100.0% 3.8% 5.4%
Table 3: Worldwide Tablet Shipments, Market Share, Year-Over-Year Growth, and 5-Year CAGR by Operating System, 2014-2018 (shipment volumes in millions), (http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS25267314) The USEFIL project had opted to develop its tablet apps for the Android OS based on a preference for running the apps in an open source environment and also based on the relatively low price tag on Android tablets. At the time when the project started Android was the only mature OS available that provided developers with a host of features and corresponding APIs. USEFIL does not expect the households of the elderly who receive the services developed in the project to be equipped with a tablet. Rather than that those people will be provided with a tablet as part of the service. Therefore the above market figures are of interest only insofar as they justify a confidence in the continued availability and maintenance of the Android OS. These figures provide evidence that several hundred million Android tablets are and will keep being in use worldwide.
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2.5 Wrist watch Market Review
2.5.1 Market overview and status There is a growing market for smart-watches and similar devices, which are all typically marketed under the label smart-watch. From an analysis of the market we can split these into three distinct categories. A Smart-Watch is a wrist watch form factor device that connects to a smart-phone and acts as a terminal. These typically do not function as standalone devices and may or may not host sensors such as accelerometers and GPS. These devices can be built on a number of different operating systems and as such, each device needs to have software written specifically for it. A percentage of these devices use Android as an OS but make significant modifications, often with the UI, which still require custom software. A Watch-Phone is a wrist watch form factor device that places a fully, or near fully, featured smart- phone onto the wrist. These devices are typically Android based and feature a (near) full implementation of Android. As such they are capable of running Android apps just like any Android smart-phone. A Smart-Device is a small, standalone device that sits somewhere between a Smart-Watch and a Watch-Phone. They are typically stand-alone, do not require a tethered smart-phone to be used and have WiFi capability. Of these three categories it is Android based Watch-Phones that are of particular importance to the USEFIL project. The WWU is based on an Android Watch-Phone and as such, there is a reasonable expectation that the codebase could be ported to another similar device with little modification. The remainder of this section will present the devices that are currently, or will soon be, on the market. An analysis of the market from the point of view of selecting a device for the USEFIL project can be found in D2.4 and much of this is still relevant. There are currently three Android based Watch-Phones on the market. They are the Z1 (alternatively the Rock/Vega), the Omate Truesmart and the Neptune Pine. Table 4 provides the specifications of these three devices.
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Device Cost OS Battery Wi-Fi Bluetooth 3G Camera Sensors Usability
Z1 £132 Android 800 mA Yes. Yes No Yes GPS, Bulky 2.2 reported; 500 Limited according Accelerometer but mA usable. range. to spec but usable. Runtime firmware 2” around 5 bug screen. hours prevents continuous use. use with USEFIL app.
Omate $200 Omate 600 mA. Yes Yes Yes Yes Accelerometer, 1.5” Truesmart UI, Runtime magnetometer, display Android around 5-6 compass, (and others 4.2 hours gyroscope, GPS using same continuous base use with hardware) USEFIL app.
Neptune $335 Android 900 mA. Yes Yes Yes Yes GPS, Groscope, 2.4” Pine 4.0 Unknown Compass, display. runtime. Accelerometer Very bulky.
Table 4 specifications of devices on or near market
2.5.2 Market forecast and trends There is continuing interest and development from a number of electronics manufacturers and tech companies such as Samsung, Apple and Google, in the area of smart-watches and watch-phones. There are a number of smart-watches on the market and a number more still in development. The market for watch-phones seems to be less developed but does seem to be increasing. It is our expectation that, although the market is dominated by paired smart-watches, rather than standalone watch-phones more of these devices will be released in the future. However some element of this market seems to be supplier push, rather than consumer-pull. It is unclear what the consumer demand for these products is and there may be a shift away from the current market toward more specific devices for specific purposes. Indeed, such a market already exists for fitness tracking devices and this may expand in the future.
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2.6 Sensors Market Review
2.6.1 Market overview and status The potential of new technology Products and services based on new technology, such as ICT are developing rapidly, and are used by large parts of the population, including elderly people. An increasing amount of people aged between 55-74 are adapting to use the Internet, mobile telephones, tablets and gaming technologies [3] [4], feeling safe at the same time. So monitoring and treatment of chronic diseases can be realized more continuously and with a higher quality. Moreover, rehabilitation and many health and social care services can be provided at home [5]. Necessarily healthcare can also be provided outside home while people are in transit. Tracking technologies can give older people, including those with chronic diseases such as dementia, arthritis and coronary conditions, security and freedom when leaving their home. The Internet can support and strengthen the elder’s possibilities to take part in society, communicate with the healthcare system, and access social media. Technologies, such as those used in “smart homes”, and tracking solutions, can relieve the pressure on caregivers and support their caring work. Administrative technology can aid health personnel in doing a more focused job, giving them more time for a direct contact to patients and health related tasks. Home sensors are an effective way to monitor falls, mobility and the performance of activities of daily living such as dressing, cleaning and food preparation. Remote sensors and safety devices can assist independent living and safety for older people. They appear to be particularly useful for fall prevention and fall detection, incontinence management and mobility mapping, particularly as they apply to the health and wellbeing of older.
Figure 12 Percent Population Aged 65 and Over: 2040
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Progress in self-monitoring technologies Sophisticated self-monitoring systems concern both clinical and lifestyle scenarios while the sensors are able to monitor physical and mental health. Those that monitor movement (physical activity, fall detection, energy expenditure/calories) are e.g. Philips’ LifeLine1, Garmin, Polar, Fitbit, WristCare2 (integrate skin temperature and skin conductivity sensors) and SenseWear BMS3 which create movement activity profiles for a certain user and then detecting and signalling abnormal patterns or emergency situations such as falling. Recently various applications, e.g. iFall4 for Android, Sports Tracker5 for Symbian, or Nike+iPod6 mainly for fitness, have been launched exploiting the GPS and accelerometer of the smartphones. Heart rate and blood pressure monitoring systems are: t+ blood pressure (OBS Medical)7, Medixine’s Chronic Disease Clinic8, HealthBuddy (from Bosch Healthcare)9, and CardioNet solutions. Recent iPhone and Android smartphones have been used to measure multi-lead ECG and EMG, plethysmogram, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, respiration and core/skin temperature. The food/calories intake/weight management is being conducted by applications for iPod/iPhones and Android phones that can help people keep track of what they eat (e.g. CalorieCounter for iPhones, HealthBuddy and others). These diet related apps require the user to do the data entry. Of course monitoring technologies supporting specific diseases such as diabetes, Asthma and COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) have been launched such as Medixine’s Chronic Disease Clinic, t+ diabetes, t+ asthma and t+ COPD solutions from OBS Medical and others. Cognitive and mental health monitoring technologies concern self-monitoring methods for depression, memory support such as pill reminders (e.g. Daily Alarmed PillBox10 from PivoTell, SIMpill11), game-based systems allowing users to control their physiological parameters (e.g. Journey to Wild Divine12 and products from SmartBrain Technologies13) and systems that use sounds, lights or charts for allowing users to become aware of their stress levels as well as enable their control (e.g. GSR2 Biofeedback Relaxation System14, StressEraser15, Resperate16, emWave17). Although some research projects have used more automated mechanism such as camera-based systems for supporting the end users in a more ease of use way (D. Trossen, D. Pavel 2007) , still the majority of the commercial systems mainly asks the users to do the data entry manually, such as keeping manual mood diaries and others.
1 www.lifelinesys.com/content/home 2 www.istsec.fi/eng/Emikakoti.htm 3 www.sensewear.com/BMS/solutions_bms.php 4 www.imedicalapps.com/2010/04/ifall-android-medical-app/ 5 www.sports-tracker.com/ 6 www.apple.com/ipod/nike/ 7 www.obsmedical.com/products 8www.medixine.com/do.xsp?viewType=viewinfoview&objectType=complextype&directoryType=simple&complext ypeOID=1219666324_854_8ce9 9 www.boschtelehealth.com/content/language1/html/5578_ENU_XHTML.aspx 10 www.pivotell.co.uk/Order_MiniTell_Daily_Alarmed_Pill_Box.htm 11 www.simpill.com/ 12 www.wilddivine.com/servlet/-strse-72/The-Passage-OEM/Detail 13 www.smartbraintech.com/ 14 www.biomedical.com/product_info.cfm?inventory__imodel=T2001&gclid=CNe9qo-kiaQCFUkrDgodhXOkHQ 15 http://stresseraser.com/ 16 www.resperate.com/us/welcome/index.aspx 17 www.heartmathstore.com/item/6300/emwave-personal-stress-reliever
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Following the trends in lifestyle management systems, integrated health hub monitoring devices, e.g. HealthBuddy Viterion 100, Viterion 20018 and TMC Home19, Tunstall Lifeline20, have been created to record more than one physiological parameter (e.g. weight, blood pressure, digital blood glucose level etc.) to include small screens that can be used for various types of communication with a patient asking questions, prompting for values or tasks, giving encouragements and advice and to send the user data to remote servers to be stored and analysed by nurses or clinicians. Although there is a certain drive to create interoperable solutions, such as the Continua Health Alliance21, this market is based on non-interoperable, closed, proprietary devices and formats. These self-monitoring platforms are mainly provided by hospitals targeting patients with existing health conditions and focusing mainly on prevention of worsening conditions or detecting emergency situations. From the above it’s obvious that most of the available solutions focus on recording and monitoring only physiological parameters, neglecting emotion and contextual data.
Self-monitoring (activity, health and emotion monitoring systems) – state of the art Current trends in daily monitoring systems, enabled by the unabated advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), in biomedical engineering, healthcare technology, micro- and nanotechnologies can deliver the information people need to lead a healthy lifestyle (Papadopoulos et al. 2010). In recent years, on-line monitoring of people’s health, mental and physiological state has become an important and established field of research and development. There is a new trend in self-monitoring22, where people use smartphone apps and wireless, wearable devices for activity monitoring, due to the availability of low cost, low power accelerometer devices that can be embedded in portable devices and share various personal metrics with the goal of living healthier, more productive lives. Runners, for example, can track runs on their smartphones using the GPS-enabled RunKeeper app23, which can be paired with Zeo24, the fitbit25 (a thumb-sized device that monitors activity), and a bluetooth Polar26 heart rate monitor and then post the results to facebook. 10% of all apps downloaded from the Apple iTunes store (1.09 billion downloads) are related to healthcare, medical and lifestyle. Other forms of devices monitor vital signs of patients being able in some cases to trigger some alarms when needed such as VIVAGO WristCare27, Life shirts28, MDKeeper29 and others while
18 www.viterion.com/products.cfm 19 www.telemedcare.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3&Itemid=8 20 www.tunstall.co.uk/assets/Literature/Portfolio/portfolio__issue_20.pdf 21 www.continuaalliance.org 22 http://quantified-self.meetup.com 23 http://runkeeper.com/ 24 http://www.myzeo.com/sleep 25 www.fitbit.com 26 http://www.polarusa.com/us-en/, 27 http://vivago.studio.crasman.fi/pub/web/Misc/vivago_abstract_mail.pdf 28 http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/consumer/browse/products/sensatex_smartshirt_system/ 29 http://www.medgadget.com/2005/08/the_mdkeeper.html
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market several European research projects such as AMON - IST-2000-25239, WEALTHY – IST-2001-37778, SILC - IST-2000-27524 tried to develop innovative and intelligent wearable monitoring systems. Companies30 31 32 have started to develop wrist watch smart devices able to provide smartphone like functions, giving in parallel developers the opportunity to develop innovative applications. High performance semiconductors, combined with advanced packaging technology, allow to embed electronics into materials we use every day33. These technologies together with new durable, flexible and flexible Flex OLED and AMOLED display screens lead to devices that users can bend and wrap around their wrists34.
For a short description of a number of commercially available sensor devices, mentioned in this chapter, please refer to Appendix A.
2.6.2 Market forecast and trends The following are world leaders in their special eHealth solutions, respectively: Agfa HealthCare, Carestream Health, CompuGROUP, CSW Group Ltd, dbMotion, empirica, IBM Healthcare, Initiate Systems, InterComponentWare AG (ICW), Intel in Healthcare, InterSystems, iSOFT (IBA Health Group), Microsoft in Healthcare and Life Sciences, Orion Health, Philips Healthcare, SAP for Healthcare, Siemens Healthcare, System C Healthcare, TietoEnator, Tunstall Estimated 5,000 European small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operate in various sub sectors of eHealth. Telemedicine and homecare are the segments with the greatest potential for financial and clinical impact [12], and are going to have immediate increase within the next years. The burden of costs of ageing and co-morbidity is expected to increase in such a huge way that insurance companies are engaged in technological solutions that will help the elderly people to live well in good conditions, in order to lower the costs of care, and consequently the costs of reimbursement. The eHealth sector in the European Union (EU) employs almost 10% of the total workforce and corresponds to almost 9% of gross domestic product (GDP). Health spending is rising faster than GDP and it is estimated to reach 16% of GDP by 2020 in OECD countries [13]. These numbers present grave challenges to the sustainability of current health and social care systems unless counterbalancing action is taken. The eHealth industry in the EU was estimated to be worth close to €21 billion in 2006. Over the last 25 years, healthcare has fallen progressively behind other service sectors in terms of relative levels of ICT investment. Despite efforts to justify higher expenditures, typical European investment levels in healthcare ICT remained static for a long time at around 1% of total revenue [14], and reached an average of 2% more recently [15]. All market players and observers agree that eHealth in Europe is set for explosive growth, and to take advantage of promising new medical information and communication technologies. Recent
30 http://www.imsmart.com/en 31 https://motoactv.com/ 32 http://www.sonyericsson.com/cws/products/accessories/overview/liveview 33 www.mc10inc.com 34 http://www.oled-display.net/flexible-oled
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market research has suggested that the health ICT industry has the potential to be the third largest industry in the health sector with a global turnover of €50-60 billion, of which Europe represents one third [16]. In 2010, a double-digit growth rate of up to 11% was shown, driven by a search for more productivity and performance [17]. Encouraging signs are now present about the gradual dissolution of resistance to telemedicine, thereby accelerating its mainstream acceptance [18]. While better security has allayed fears about personal data being compromised among both healthcare professionals and patients, governments have also become more open to funding healthcare technology that creates noticeable improvements in service quality at no extra cost.
Figure 13 Percentage of people hampered in daily activities by any physical or mental health problem, illness or disability, by age. EU, 2001, Eurostat (07/2004)
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Figure 14 Future trends in the care sector
The situation of the European home care providers was studied from two perspectives: on the one hand the usage of ICT products and services can improve their internal organisation, on the other it can help them provide more effective, better and totally new kind of services for more clients. The data reveals that ICT is widely used by care providers, but mostly in an administrative context. Internet access is becoming standard in care establishments. Presently 76% of care establishments have Internet access and about 12% plan to implement one within the next two years. Mobile staff is provided with mobile phones in the vast majority of care establishments (82%), but only in some enterprises with laptops and handheld computers. Regarding actual care application of ICT, social alarm services have gained a considerable market penetration with almost half of the enterprises offering such services. Other care specific applications have raised awareness, but their uptake is merely in initial phase. However, in the coming years the service providers see a considerably potential for ICT products and services that support care, especially in the remote home care. Not surprisingly Internet is foreseen to be a very important mean of information in health and care sector. In addition, almost a half of the professionals foresee that older people in need of care will uptake the Internet by themselves and participate in on-line peer support groups. In relation to care specific applications passive alarm systems are predicted to be very common in future. Almost half of the respondents consider remote monitoring of vital data and image based services to be common within 5 to 10 years. Applications that help managing care like mobile devices for on the spot care documentation and data transfer are foreseen to be a future trend. Decision’s makers’ attitudes towards ICT implementation in care delivery process as well as their expectation to where the ICT industry is moving are very positive. They are very open-minded towards the implementation of innovative ICT-based care applications and expect better and broader services that could empower older people and extend independent living. However, they are sceptical about the acceptance of ICT based services by their clients-which is in considerable contrast to the attitudes of the majority of the older people- and about knowledge and skills of their
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market staff. Nevertheless, the home care professionals see that the road leads towards more intensive and widespread ICT adoption within the European care sector [19]
Telemedicine To increase the likelihood that older adults are able to continue to live independently in their own homes, technologists, researchers and clinicians worldwide are starting to explore the use of home- based monitoring of health status. Daily, weekly or monthly home-based monitoring of health markers (e.g., blood pressure) provides the ability to detect and act upon changes in health if they deviate significantly from an individual's history or accepted clinical models of good health. Telehealth (or telemedicine) technology, which combines digital data acquisition, information and communication technologies, and the Internet to monitor health status at home, is gaining attention as a promising strategy for acquiring accurate, reliable and time critical health marker data, [20]reducing healthcare costs, [21] empowering patients and promoting disease self-management with resultant improved healthcare outcomes [22] and an increase in the use of a person-centered care approach to health. It is possible that a remote clinician or therapist could work remotely with older patients to develop a set of rehabilitation or training exercises that target the patient's current level of physical function and rehabilitation needs, as well as to measure changes in performance on those exercises over time. Rather than developing entirely new digital technologies to monitor health at home, there is an increasing interest in the modification and use of existing technologies with which older adults are familiar. The dominant information and communication technology already adopted widely by older adults is the ubiquitous home television set. With the advent of digital television, apart from delivering news, information and entertainment, the television will soon also become the technology platform for delivery health services to the homes of older adults [23]. Consumer videogame console technology, connected to the television set, might therefore provide an innovative way to deliver functional assessment, rehabilitation and training programs into the homes of older adults. One potential barrier to widespread acceptance, uptake and evaluation of this technology, by clinicians and health consumers alike, is that most off-the-shelf exergames and game consoles have not been designed for the physical and cognitive functional constraints inherent to older adults. A number of researchers [24] have suggested that before videogames will find widespread adoption in training and rehabilitation, it is essential that they are designed to match the functional capacities of different patient groups, the rehabilitation goals set by therapists and the interests and needs of health consumers. Also emerging in the use of console-based exergames is the integration of web-based portals for tracking progress, maintaining motivation through goal setting and comparison of individual performance/progress with other people or engaging with a remote professional to guide their choice of exercise behaviour as depicted in figure 15.
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Figure 15 The Yourshape ® online portal Online portal for (A) tracking performance: here the individual is shown that they ‘burned’ 419 calories on Friday 2 December 2011; (B) setting goals for physical activity: here the individual has set a target of burning 1003 calories in 2 days and (C) comparison of performance with other users of the system: here the individual is ranked 389 for calories expended among all people in Australia playing Yourshape Fitness Evolved 2012.
Whilst it is well known that regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle, especially for older adults, this seldom seems sufficient to motivate a sedentary individual to initiate and maintain exercise on a regular basis. The use of a personalized feedback portal will enable and facilitate motivation for exercise progression through social support, including peer- and professional-support [25], and promote health behaviour change [26]. By leveraging the connectivity enabled by combining broadband internet and videogame technology, it will increasingly become possible to build distributed social networks of older adults participating in exercise programs. This addresses the increase in mortality, morbidity and psychological distress of older people who report a lack of social support. [27] The use of videogames is an innovative step forward in the delivery of a wide range of healthcare services for the elderly.
Telemedicine for clinicians Although the overall literature on telemedicine for health professionals working in aged care focuses on chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, there is a small number studies that investigated smart technologies for mental health issues as well as some that looked at general quality of life. Monitoring mainly involved measuring vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure), spirometry, blood glucose levels, electrocardiograms and body weight. These and other parameters were mainly monitored on a daily basis. The available technologies were home based computer systems, mobile phones, tablets or purpose designed remote monitoring equipment. These technologies were designed to transmit data to clinicians at remote sites such as a hospital, clinics or GP offices. The technologies were able to be used by the person independently following a face to face training by a health care professional and appeared to be easy to use and reliable in terms of performance. Although the reviewed studies focused on chronic illness, the designs and technologies employed could be easily adapted to monitoring healthy aged individuals within their own homes based on their current and emerging needs.
Telemedicine for consumers Technology provides increasing opportunities for consumers to access information to assist them in the management of their own health, and this is reflected in the breadth of the literature. The initial
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market search yielded 2601 articles on smart technologies to enable consumers to remain living safely at home (duplicates were removed). Due to the size of the yield, a decision was made to further limit the search by only including randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The Internet (including email) and computer based interventions were the most frequently used technologies by consumers in these studies, with 66 studies utilizing these technologies. Eight studies utilized text messaging, and two studies utilized the telephone [28] [29]. Three studies utilized remote monitoring of physiological parameters (ECG or BP) [30] [31] [32]. One study utilized a custom made videoconferencing system that worked via television [33]. Technology was used to assist consumers to manage a number of health conditions by themselves such as cardiac disease, respiratory disease, depression, back pain, smoking cessation, stress management, diabetes, alcoholism and tinnitus. It was also used to promote positive health behaviors, such as weight loss, increased physical activity, sunscreen use and timely medications.
INTERNET of THINGS The Internet of Things (IOT) can support long-range, complex human planning and decision making. The technology requirements—tremendous storage and computing resources linked with advanced software systems that generate a variety of graphical displays for analyzing data—rise accordingly [34]. In health care, sensors and data links offer possibilities for monitoring a patient’s behavior and symptoms in real time and at relatively low cost, allowing physicians to better diagnose disease and prescribe tailored treatment regimens. Patients with chronic illnesses, for example, have been outfitted with sensors in a small number of health care trials currently under way, so that their conditions can be monitored continuously as they follow their daily activities. Better management of illnesses could reduce hospitalization and treatment costs by a billion dollars annually in the United States. The Internet of Things has great promise, yet business, policy, and technical challenges must be tackled before these systems are widely embraced [35]. Early adopters will need to prove that the new sensor-driven business models create superior value. Industry groups and government regulators should study rules on data privacy and data security, particularly for uses that touch on sensitive consumer information. Legal liability frameworks for bad decisions of automated systems will have to be established by governments, companies, and risk analysts, in consort with insurers. On the technology side, the cost of sensors and actuators must fall to levels that will spark widespread use. Networking technologies and standards must be evolved to the point where data can flow freely among sensors, computers, and actuators. Software to aggregate and analyze data, as well as graphic display techniques, must be improved to the point where huge volumes of data can be interpreted by human decision makers or synthesized to guide automated systems more appropriately.
Big data Big Data [36] is called a collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications. The challenges include capture, curation, storage, search, sharing, transfer, analysis, and visualization. The trend to larger data sets is due to the additional information derivable from analysis of a single large set of related data, as compared to separate smaller sets with the same total amount of data, allowing correlations to be found to "spot business trends, determine quality of research, prevent diseases, link legal citations, combat crime, and determine real-time roadway traffic conditions.". In
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market our case the data are derived from the sensors that are spread through the smart home, combined with the IoT that we mentioned before. Data sets grow in size because they are increasingly being gathered by ubiquitous information- sensing mobile devices, aerial sensory technologies (remote sensing), software logs, cameras, microphones, radio-frequency identification readers, and wireless sensor networks. Big data is difficult to work with using common relational database management systems, desktop statistics and visualization packages, requiring instead "massively parallel software running on tens, hundreds, or even thousands of servers". What is considered "big data" varies depending on the capabilities of the organization managing the set, and on the capabilities of the applications that are traditionally used to process and analyze the data set in its domain. "For some organizations, facing hundreds of gigabytes of data for the first time may trigger a need to reconsider data management options. For others, it may take tens or hundreds of terabytes before data size becomes a significant consideration." Big data can create value by making information transparent and usable at much higher frequency. Big data can be used for basic low-frequency forecasting to high-frequency nowcasting. Sophisticated analytics of such data can substantially improve decision-making, like DSS in USEFIL. Finally, big data can be used to improve the development of the next generation of products and services [37]. For instance, manufacturers are using data obtained from sensors embedded in products to create innovative after-sales service offerings such as proactive maintenance (preventive measures that take place before a failure occurs or is even noticed). Of course there are several issues that have to be addressed to capture the full potential of bug data. Policies related to privacy, security, intellectual property, and even liability will need to be addressed in a big data world. Access to data is critical— the need to integrate information from multiple data sources, often from third parties, and the incentives have to be in place to enable this.
Caring and Tracking
People who spend their time and energy caring for the health and wellbeing of others may actually be more engaged in tracking [38] than their non-caregiving counterparts:
• 72% of caregivers track their health (weight, diet, exercise, blood pressure, sleep, etc.) while 63% of non-caregivers track their health. • 44% of caregivers who track say they track their most important indicator “in their heads” (non-caregivers = 53%). • 43% of caregivers who track say they track their most important indicator using paper (non- caregivers = 28%). • 31% of caregivers track the health of someone other than themselves. • 41% of caregivers who track share their data with someone else (non-caregivers = 29%). • 52% of caregivers who track say it has changed their overall approach to maintaining their health or the health of someone for whom they provide care (non-caregivers = 41%). • 50% of caregivers who track say it has led them to ask a doctor new questions or to seek a second opinion (non-caregivers = 32%). • 44% of caregivers who track say it has affected a decision about how to treat an illness or condition (non-caregivers = 26%).
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Table 5 Tracking health indicators According to Pew Research Center survey [39]39% of U.S. adults are caregivers and many navigate health care with the help of technology. Four in ten adults in the U.S. are caring for an adult or child with significant health issues, up from 30% in 2010. Caring for a loved one is an activity that cuts across most demographic groups, but is especially prevalent among adults aged from 30 to 64, a group traditionally belongs to the workforce. Caregivers are highly engaged in the pursuit of health information, support, care, and advice, both online and offline, and do many health-related activities at higher levels than non-caregivers. Indeed, being a caregiver is independently associated with key health-related activities. When looking for age, income, education, ethnicity, and good overall health, caregivers are more likely than other adults to: • Gather health information online, particularly about medical problems, treatments, and drugs. • Gather health information offline, from clinicians, friends, family, and others who share the same health condition. • Go online specifically to try to figure out what condition they or someone else might have. • Consult online reviews about drugs and other treatments. • Track their own weight, diet, exercise routine or other health indicator. • Read online about someone else’s personal health experience (which, in the case of caregivers, could be related to their own or their loved one’s condition). • Go online to find others with similar health concerns (again, there may be dual motivations to connect — to find more information about handling caregiver stress, for example, or about their loved one’s health challenges).
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In a previous study by the Pew Research Center, 47% of U.S. adults say it is likely that, at some point in their life, they will be responsible for caring for an ageing parent or another elderly family member. [40] Demographic patterns bear out this prediction: People aged 65 and older represented 12.4% of the U.S. population in the year 2000 but are expected to be 19% of the population by 2030. [41]
Figure 16 Caregivers and helath activities
As a consequence of decreasing fertility rates and increased life expectancy, nearly all EU countries are experiencing the phenomenon of ageing populations. The European Commission projects that the 80+ population will double by 2050 whereas the 60+ age group will increase from 20% (2000) to 29% (2025). This relentless transition, if ignored, might put a strain on the economy and society.
To be sure, the ageing of the population is a clear societal challenge. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that it also offers many opportunities for new ICT products and services, which can in turn help to work towards resolving the issue. At European level, it has become a priority to continue and to reinforce ICT and Ageing actions, thereby achieving the associated opportunities (cf. 2012 as the European Year for Active Ageing, the Digital Agenda, the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing).
At the moment, several barriers continue to limit the uptake of innovation in the ICT for ageing well field. The market in this area is in a nascent phase and still struggles to fully ensure the availability and take-up of the necessary ICT-enabled solutions. Reasons for this include:
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1. Low awareness by users. There has been a low level of knowledge among the elderly population about the assistive technology devices which have been commercialised and made available in the market. In a study conducted with Belgian [42] seniors residing in community living, it was found that, though the seniors were aware of assistive devices relating to using the toilet there was low level of awareness on assistive devices related to mobility, communication, and other self- care aspects. This factor is expected to be of medium impact, as with increasing awareness initiatives, information gaps would be closed in due course of time. 2. Concerns about legal and ethical, and privacy issues. Keeping in mind that “the elderly” are not a homogeneous group, and key cultural factors will impact some aspects of assistive technology adoption. This factor is expected to be of medium impact over the short, medium, and long term, and may be addressed through effective ethical safeguards and approaches to privacy protection in the design of Assistive Technology products [43]. 3. Lack of effective response to social factors in technology development. While there is a significant effort to enhance design of public spaces and places, as well as objects and artefacts used in the range of human experience, in Europe [44] research has indicated that acceptance of assistive technology would be greater with better attention to user preferences than was previously assumed. This factor is one of the stronger constraints during the short and long term, but it can be effectively ameliorated through the inclusion of the elderly in the design process. 4. Cost of assistive technology devices. Assistive technology is quite costly, especially when devices or products must be purchased in a lump sum (often, as a proportion of the elder’s pension, such purchases are out of reach). Reimbursement policies differ around the globe and across Europe. In many cases, adult children of the elderly bear the cost of such purchases directly, and are thus involved in purchasing decisions. Difficulties in determining how to pay for Assistive Technology can constrain users from making purchases, and likewise, constrain manufacturers from entering new markets, if only based upon a lack of knowledge of how to best price and market products in various regions. Though this factor could prove to be of high impact in the short and medium term, improved mechanisms for funding and systematized reimbursement policies could lessen the impact in the longer term. 5. Resistance to “high tech devices” among the elderly. For a variety of reasons, ranging from fear to disinterest, the elderly have traditionally been quite averse to adopting new technologies. One of the key reasons is a perception that technological devices are complex and difficult to master. Improving the design to make uptake easier, and providing effective training for carers and end‐users is critical to reduce the aversion to high tech products. This issue is expected to be high in the short and medium term, and as designs are simplified, and as individuals who have been more familiar with technology in their workplace age, this resistance to high tech devices is expected to lessen in the longer term. 6. Difficulty in achieving economies of scale. For AT developers, not being able to generate sufficient levels of uptake of new products, negatively impacts overall market growth, continuing to keep profit margins low and reducing further investment back into R&D. Because of the lack of effective product distribution models, absence of strong service models to support deployment, diverse reimbursement schemes, and lack of significant investment by large industrial players, AT manufacturers continue to struggle and fail to build the market. This issue is expected to be high in the short and medium term, and as distribution networks are built up, this issue
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D8.9 Assessment and analysis of the market could be reduced to an intermediate impact in the longer term. However, at present, there are no policies that have emerged to address this problem in the market mechanism.
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3 USEFIL Services overview 3.1 USEFIL Vision & Ecosystem – A first cut view
USEFIL Vision: to provide low-cost ICT solutions for monitoring physical health, cognitive health, and emotional status of elderly (65+ years old) with age related disabilities at their homes – to assess their ability of independent living and to detect deteriorations when they occur. Moreover, USEFIL deployment will: • Give elderly / healthcare professionals a diverse range of low cost healthcare personalized services – seamlessly supported by the underlying technology via a robust user friendly interface • Empower stakeholders to develop new business activities and provide profitable services in an integrated environment • Support first responders, carers, family, and healthcare service providers in assessing the health status of an elderly person and providing the appropriate level of care. • Promote “ageing well” and prevention concepts and to reduce both costs and time for carers by introducing automated decision-support (health assessment and prediction) services. The following picture depicts the USEFIL Ecosystem
Figure 17 USEFIL Ecosystem
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USEFIL developed and integrated various components and applications, depicted in Figure 18.
• Server applications without end-user interaction fulfil different automated tasks. They independently react on status changes in the global database and/or on changes in calendar entries, the status of which they are regularly checking (polling). Depending on their functionality they may have a configuration interface (like the medication reminder app), or perform their functions without an explicit user interface. An example of the latter type is the recommendation app, which retrieves information from the global database after it was inserted there by the DSS. • Web applications are also centrally executed, but can be used online and platform- independently on different devices such as PC, Smart TV or Tablet by end-users through a browser. • “Web interfaces” is a name used for different layouts combining several web applications for the different target groups in a user-friendly manner. Hence they do not offer additional functionalities over the web applications contained in them. • Local Applications are executed on a user’s device. They are specific platform-dependent solutions for a single target group. The applications produced for the pilot trials are Android-apps for the elderly.
Figure 18. USEFIL data communication approach
The aim of this chapter is to present the services provided by USEFIL so as to proceed in chapter 4 with a more detailed business modelling analysis.
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3.2 Services
3.2.1 USEFIL platform with the DSS (Smart TV / PC / Tablets) Targeted end users: elderly people and patients, carers, family members and friends Description of Service: USEFIL’s web-based applications for the above-targeted groups are made available through two different interfaces, taking into account their respective requirements. Since the needs and circumstances of carer and family are very similar, one interface for both groups has been developed. Since those applications are multi-target and platform-independent, they must be compatible with the widespread point and click interaction style. The platform dependent applications running on the WWU and the tablet are designed for an ease of use of elderly people and rely on the touch input common to Android-based devices. These are offered as dedicated services.
1. Elderly user interfaces
Figure 19 Elderly user home interface This interface is designed for the use by the elderly users on a smart TV (D4.4 “Interface & User Interaction module on the Internet TV”), but can be used with other devices (tablet, PC) as well, since it is accessible via any www-browser. It integrates the following web applications and sections: • User information section • User data access app (health section) • Calendar app • Contacts app
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• Self-therapy app (Wellness section) • Consultation –audio/video conference app (communication section) • Emergency app • Settings section • Status The user information section grants the user access to the information that the portal has stored about himself e.g. personal information (first name, middle name, last name, gender, Unique Insurance Number, date of birth), contact information (email address, telephone number, mobile number, fax number) and address information (country, city, street name, house number, zip code). In this section the user is also able to update all these information that are stored about him. In this section, as was already mentioned above, the user can also see the medication and diseases that are stored within the USEFIL system about him. Finally, here the user can have access to all the reminders that are set for/by him. In the settings section the users can change all the settings that are related to their accounts. In this section the user can change the individual access rights that are set by him at the time he added his contacts, add or update the emergency contacts, change the priority of the applications at the home page and disable his account. The status contains the user status that can be updated by the user among some preconfigured statuses. At the home page of the user interface the user can also add any other external application that is made available to the users by the developer community.
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2. Family / carer interfaces
Figure 20 Family/carer home interface
This interface is designed for the use by family members and carers using different devices such as Tablet or PC (i.e. web-browser). It integrates the following Web Applications and sections: • User information section • User registration app • User data access app (health section) • Calendar app • Contacts app • Self-therapy app (wellness section) • Consultation –audio/video conference app (communication section) • Emergency app • Settings section • Status The difference between the two interfaces is that the family/carer interface is built for usage through a web browser from a PC or tablet and it is not using the CE-HTML version.
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Figure 21 Family/carer data access application
Finally family members and carers have the opportunity to answer to surveys on behalf of the patient (just like the doctors can). This overlap between the interfaces has occurred because in the early stages of the USEFIL portal design we discussed and decided that the family/carer is not a different type of user. The family/carer and the elderly users both belong to the Individual group in order to give them both the opportunity to have access to all the applications of USEFIL as they might like to be treated as patients themselves too.
3.2.2 Doctors/professionals platform Targeted end users: doctors, professionals Description of Service: The Doctors / Professionals platform enables the doctors /professionals to have access to all the information that is stored to the GlobalDB about their patients. The interface was designed to be used by doctors / professionals via a PC (i.e. web-browser) or tablet. It integrates the following Web Applications: • User registration app • User information app • Calendar app
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• Survey builder • PACS • Patients app • Doctor data access app
Figure 22 Doctors’ interface home screen
The doctor’s interface was designed to be usable by the experienced user, such as the health professional staff. Attention was given to the goal to have access to the patient’s information with the least effort. So the doctor’s services are designed to be hosted all in one screen and have the least possible redirections. The doctors can see all of their patients in the home page and still have them visible in the left side of the screen for the whole time they are browsing through one patient’s information. If they want to see the information of a patient all they have to do is select the name of the patient and the patient menu will appear in the right side of the screen. The doctor can observe all the information that the patient has made available to him by setting the individual access rights. Detailed information on the actual services provided to doctors and professionals are given in D5.4 Pilot Applications.
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3.2.3 Developers platform Targeted end users: application developers Description of Service: The developers’ portal is already running under http://devs.usefil.eu. The site provide downloads / examples / other documentation enabling developers to create and publish their own custom USEFIL applications.
Figure 23: Developers’ Portal home page Developers are welcome to use published APIs to develop applications for USEFIL or to extend the USEFIL system in other ways. An unregistered developer has access to API documentation, example code, technical questions and answers, as well as news. In order to be able to upload own code to the portal or to post into the forum, a developer has to register first. This is done via a simple automated registration process. Developer’s Portal has been created to fulfil the following criteria in order to attract new developers: • A developer-friendly and simple platform. • Detailed information and APIs for custom external applications. • Continuous support. • All services are freely available to registered developers. Detailed technical information on the above mentioned services is provided in D5.5 Application Development Guidelines.
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3.2.4 Awareness Android application Targeted end users: elderly people and patients, carers, family members and friends Description of Service: This Android app provides the user with awareness information from others, personal messaging and communication options and access to health data and USEFIL web based applications. It is designed to replace the original tablet launcher, in which case it represents the home screen that automatically appears after starting the tablet and to which the Android home button always leads back. On this home screen the user is encouraged to configure the information about his current status which other users will be able to see (see Figure 24).
Figure 24 start view of the USEFIL app for tablet Awareness Android application special features: • Messaging: The USEFIL app for tablet includes a messaging client that allows private text based communication of an elderly user with each of the predefined members of his carer network. • Awareness: A special feature of this app is that it determines the user’s status in terms of context, activity and mental or emotional state. This status can be graphically represented in the apps of remote participants as awareness information. In the same way the status of the remote users is displayed on the local user’s tablet, so that especially an elderly user living alone can stay involved through unobtrusive and easy to comprehend live information about people who are important for him. • Reminders and notifications: Reminders and notifications are transmitted to the users through the XMPP HubService. They are sent in the form of special data packets, which are separated from the text messages exchanged between users.
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• Access to USEFIL web interface: Depending on personal preferences it might be desired to access the USEFIL web interface or individual service via the tablet as well, not only via the SmartTV or a PC. • Integration of external devices: Even though it is not contained in USEFIL’s Description of Work (DoW) document, the USEFIL consortium decided to support external Bluetooth health devices from any manufacturer as well. For the time being an app has been produced supporting a blood pressure meter as a single device that can be launched by the USEFIL app. • Software sensors: The tablet uses its different sensors (acceleration, GPS., etc) for generating awareness information. Detailed information on the above apps is provided in D5.4 Pilot Applications.
3.2.5 Applications for wrist watch Targeted end users: elderly users and patients Description of Service: This Android app runs on the WWU in the USEFIL system and provides all the functionality that is required for the WWU to function. The app controls the data gathering and analysis functions of the WWU and also the other services and functions that fit around this to provide the required features. The sensors used in the WWU are accelerometer, camera and the GPS.
WWU user interface layout: The user interface is laid out so that the four normal interaction screens (Heart-rate, Clock, Messaging and Help) are arranged in a carrousel. The user can swipe left or right and navigate these screens in a circular fashion. The Debug screen, which is only available in debug mode, is accessible upward from the clock screen. The Help-confirmation screen is accessible from two different routes: firstly, if the Help screen button is pressed; secondly if the WWU detects an emergency alert situation. Pressing either button from this screen will return the user to the Clock screen.
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Figure 25 The interface layout for the WWU app. Yellow arrows show normal user navigation through the interface. Blue lines show programmatic navigation through the interface. The green line shows access to the debug only screen
Detailed description of each module is provided in D5.4 Pilot Applications
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4 Business Models
4.1 USEFIL Service Bundles and Business Model Overview
In USEFIL, a single bundle of networking services is identified, consisting of: • the “USEFIL platform with the DSS / smart TV / PC” service • the “Doctors/professionals platform ” service • the “Awareness Android” service • the “Developers platform” service • the “wrist watch” Service • Monitoring devices The following business models can be applicable on the whole services bundle or on some (or one) of the USEFIL services, depending on each partner’s exploitation interests and possibilities.
A number of core business models were identified that can be derived into specific business or exploitation models.
In the following chapters, we will discuss the following possibilities: • Complete service bundle offering for Home Use, both B2B as B2C • Complete service bundle offering for service flats • USEFIL as 3rd party application development platform • USEFIL as provider of anonymized data, billing and scheduling information
The first two relate to the more traditional business models available. The last two are opportunities that could be explored to strengthen or further monetize the platform.
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4.2 USEFIL services for the market
The USEFIL business model analysis has adopted the Business Model Canvas35 template for developing new business models. Its value is its widespread use as a single reference model template. It provides a relatively simple yet robust and heuristic conceptual framework for describing, visualising, comparing and analysing business.
The nine building blocks of the business model canvas The business model canvas consists of nine interlinked building blocks: ► Creating value: On the top left of the canvas are four building blocks that deal with how the model will create value. This starts with the element at the centre of the canvas — and indeed at the centre of any business model — its value proposition. ► Delivering value: The three elements to the right deal with how a business model delivers value. This includes the customer segments to which it will deliver value, the channels it will use to reach them, and the nature of its customer relationships. ► Capturing value: Lastly, along the bottom, the canvas has two elements dealing with the ways in which it will make money, or extract value — its raison d’être. These are its cost structure and revenue streams.
35 Osterwalder, Pigneur & al. (2010) Business Model Canvas: nine business model building blocks.
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4.3 Complete service bundle offering for Home Use (B2B/B2C)
In this business model, the complete USEFIL service bundle would be offered and installed in the end users home. Either via healthcare organizations and insurance companies (B2B) or directly purchased by end consumers (B2C). If this is offered directly to end consumers, some form of government support might be necessary to make this more accessible for them.
4.3.1 Business Model Canvas
While the end user of the system is always the elderly person that has the USEFIL system installed at home, there are two clear customer segments: Healthcare providers (care organizations, insurance entities) and the actual end consumers. Depending on which segment is targeted, we are in a B2B or B2C market. The value of the proposition is in offering an improved health to the end customer, at a lower cost for the healthcare provider (and as such for the end customer). The monitoring capabilities of the USEFIL platform also reduce the risk of living alone. The key partners to achieve this are the care providers and insurance entities, device makers and content providers (apps, games, eLearning). Some of the key activities will involve, next to platform management and development, the performing of stakeholder mapping, user analysis and updating of the interface design. Significant effort will also need to be spent in business development.
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Key resource for exploitation in this case is the USEFIL platform itself and the accumulated know- how from the project. Distribution channels will vary from device manufacturers, direct marketing and sales in the B2C scenario; to care providers and insurance entities in the B2B scenario. Customer relations will be maintained via the automated services and feedback, combined with direct customer group conferences and events. The main revenue streams are expected to follow the same split-up. In the B2C scenario, this will most likely work via a purchase and subscription model, while in the B2B scenario licensing will apply. A common revenue stream could be from shared income with app, game and content providers that offer services via the USEFIL platform. See also the dedicated business model w.r.t. 3rd party app providers in chapter 4.5. The cost structure should be relatively stable and exists primarily out of fixed costs related to infrastructure and salaries. Some focus will be needed to keep the BOM cost of the USEFIL system within reasonable limits to allow for a feasible pricing of the product. Note that a lot of the aspects of this business model are also relevant for the others we will discuss further and we will not necessarily repeat them there.
4.3.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses • Care organization credible actor • Big investment for non-profit organization • Care organization has extensive client database • No clear demand from customer point of view • Caregivers can act as sales force for the product (almost • No clear insights on willingness to pay by daily contacts) customers • Full integration/aggregation of daily care provisioning • Formulating reimbursement as scenario is not and the USEFIL service by the care organization future proof and creative • Competitive advantages over other care organizations • Chances that USEFIL will be reimbursed by • A reimbursed scenario would be beneficial for the governments are marginal at this point in time adoption of USEFIL services • It would also lead to the same accessible and affordable care for everyone, also the poor
Opportunities Threats • Rising awareness from care organizations on the need of • Possible resistance from caregivers to digital integrated care and IT as enabler innovations in healthcare • Societal evolution towards digital adoption • No incentives for care organizations to adopt this • Evolution towards patient centred health care kind of services without governmental • Reimbursement could be provided in some insurance framework packages • It will be very difficult to investigate the real impact of USEFIL • If USEFIL would be reimbursed a lot of other innovative ICT services will apply for reimbursement
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4.4 Complete service bundle offering for service flats
In this scenario, the service flat owner will buy the USEFIL service from the integrator with the aim to optimize the quality of care for the care receiver and gain competitive advantage against other care organizations. Service flat owners should be familiar with this way to provide services to their clients. USEFIL would just be presented as a possible option that comes with the room. In fact just like paying a subscription fee for internet or cable TV. Providing a service like USEFIL could easily be used as service differentiator. Examples of such service flats already exists. Only when a person subscribes onto the USEFIL service, the hardware should be installed and activated. This means that there is no need to already stock many smart TVs, patient units and sensor packs in the basement. The result would be that providing USEFIL is a rather capital safe strategy. Also in this scenario USEFIL would be sold to the service flat owners as a pure B2B product. The involved actors themselves can make their own individual business case.
4.4.1 Business Model Canvas
The key partners in setting up this business model are of course the Healthcare and Service Flat providers, who would install the system in their buildings and offer the service to their customers. They are also the only customer segment. Next to them, we will need partnerships with device makers and content developers as before.
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The key activities remain the same as in the basic full offering business model, but there will be even more pressure on business development activities and maintaining a good customer relation with the different service flat providers, as they are even also our main distribution channel to the end user. The value we are offering to them is that having the USEFIL platform installed will allow them to differentiate themselves from competition using an innovative IT solution.
4.4.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses • Service flat credible actor (public service flats have • Big investment for service flats strong collaboration and integration with care • No clear demand from customer point of view organizations) • No clear insights on willingness to pay by • Competitive advantages over other service flats customers • All IT components (hardware) of the USEFIL service are already installed in the service flat
Opportunities Threats • Rising awareness from service flats on the need of • Possible resistance from caregivers to digital integrated care and IT as enabler innovations in healthcare • Societal evolution towards digital adoption • No incentives for service flats to adopt this kind • Evolution towards patient centered health care of services without governmental framework
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4.5 USEFIL as 3rd party application development platform
Next to the core applications, which come with the USEFIL platform itself, there is a possibility for 3rd party application developers to create their own apps. To support this, the USEFIL developers portal was launched, see Chapter 3.2.3. These additional applications will add value to the USEFIL platform, while generating additional revenue, both for the application developers as the platform provider.
4.5.1 Business Model Canvas
The key partners involved in this scenario are of course the external parties that will develop the applications. These could be companies that are specialized in app development, who might even already have relevant apps in existence that would just need to be made suitable and available for the USEFIL platform. Alternatively, there could also be contributions from the open source community or freelance developers within the developer community. Key activities for USEFIL become the creation and maintenance of the platform, combined with business development. End customer relations and a consistent experience for them are maintained via developer guidelines and agreements on aesthetics adapted for use in the USEFIL platform. Extending the offering with these 3rd party applications could add a lot of value for the end user in terms of available content and functionality. Towards the application creators, we are offering them
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4.5.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses
• Functionality and value brought in by 3rd parties • Depends on success of business development into the USEFIL platform activities • Risk carried by 3rd parties • Unified experience enabled via guidelines Opportunities Threats
• Success of USEFIL platform over others could • Competition of other platforms come from functionality/content brought in by 3rd parties.
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4.6 USEFIL as provider of anonymized data
Once there is an install base of the USEFIL platform, it will be possible to create value and run a business based on the data that is available in the system. There are two apparent ways to exploit the information that will be available in the system. The lowest threshold option is the offering of (targeted) advertisements, based on user behavior and preferences. A second option is to sell the actual data, or analysis results based on the data. An implicit benefit, with harder to define value, is the use of this user logging data for further improvement of the USEFIL platform, services and User Interface.
4.6.1 Business Model Canvas
The key activities and resources in this business model are fully oriented towards data management and analysis. There will also be an increase in the platform environment cost to be able to collect and store the required information. Once this is in place, there are multiple value propositions that can be exploited. At minimum and without further interaction with other partners, the information could be used to improve the offering of the USEFIL platform. A second option, which is also an obvious revenue stream, is to partner with advertisers or advertisement networks (who represent multiple advertisers) and offer targeted advertisements to the end users.
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Another interesting key partner could be pharmaceutical companies. The USEFIL system could be set up for people who are participating in clinical trials. They do not necessarily need to be elderly people in this case. Based on the monitoring capabilities of USEFIL, objective data can be collected about the trial participants. Selling the system and this data to the pharmaceutical companies could provide significant revenue.
4.6.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses
• Additional revenue stream creation, based on • Very high reliability standards w.r.t. clinical existing install base, using a well-known paradigm trials of pharmaceutical companies. (advertisement model). • People / healthcare providers have already • Allows data driven further development of the paid for the system, so they might not accept USEFIL ecosystem. the advertisement part of this business model. Opportunities Threats
• New target customer segment (pharmaceutical • Privacy concerns companies) with signification budgets available
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4.7 USEFIL as a billing and scheduling tool
In this scenario, USEFIL would also help the care provider in optimizing activities like scheduling of the care and billing of the patient / customer. If the care provider installs the USEFIL system in the home of their patients, the platform can help monitor if they need help and when. This could replace simple scheduling of care (eg. every day at a fixed time), to an “on demand”-system. Billing can be automatically linked to this. This will help the patients, since they will receive, and pay for, an optimized amount of care, while the care organization will be able to provide a better service, with less administration and the same amount of employees.
4.7.1 Business Model Canvas
The expected revenue from this business model is limited, especially in the beginning, since it depends on small transaction fees. This implies that the revenue greatly depends on install base, which will need time to develop. However, the cost required to enable this on top of earlier business models, where a care organization or service flat owner provides the USEFIL system already, is estimated to be limited as well. The main value of this business model is in offering an automatic and optimized way for the scheduling and billing of care services, both to the end user as the care organization. As such, the key activities, cost structure, partners, channels and customers are expected to be the same as in the first scenarios.
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4.7.2 SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses
• Immediate advantage to the care organization of • Probably not sufficient as only incentive to installing USEFIL acquire USEFIL for care organizations • Excellent ease of use • Full transparency on care agenda and billing for all involved parties Opportunities Threats
• As platform provider we might be able to get a • Privacy concerns (small) transaction fee for every billing that is done.
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5 Conclusions
The aim of this deliverable was to provide an assessment of the market possibilities for the USEFIL platform and services. It also provides a market survey and business models that could guide to a successful deployment of the developed USEFIL platform and services. The following markets were reviewed: • Smart TV Market • Tablet Market • Wrist Watch Market • Sensors and services for the elderly
The business models that could guide to a successful deployment of the developed USEFIL platform and services were presented. For each one of the business models, the following aspects were addressed. • Service description and value proposition design. • The different aspects of the Business Model Canvas • SWOT and design of production architecture.
The business models described in this document are those that are applicable to all USEFIL services. The individual exploitation routes, which each partner considers after the end of this project, are described in D8.10 “Development of the Exploitation Plan”.
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6 Appendix A : Overview of commercially available sensor devices
Kinect Microsoft has released an inexpensive sensor device, called the Kinect, to allow controller free game play on their Xbox system. Microsoft released the Kinect software development kit for Windows 7 on June 16, 2011 [6] [7] [8]. This SDK was meant to allow developers to write Kinect apps in C++/CLI, C#, or Visual Basic .NET [9] [10]. The device uses a pattern of actively emitted infrared light to produce a depth image. That is, the value of each pixel in the image depends on the distance from the device of what is being viewed. Furthermore, the depth image is invariant to visible lighting. This technology allows for a three-dimensional (3D) representation using a single, relatively inexpensive Kinect sensor. Additionally, this depth camera technology offers a number of potential benefits for low cost, vision based monitoring systems. Efforts have even included utilizing accelerometers in existing smart devices, which individuals may already own and potentially carry with them. However, many elderly adults are reluctant to use wearable devices because they consider them to be invasive or inconvenient, especially during times when they are not feeling well [11].
Apple Primesense Carmine Primesense portrays its technology as involving a sensing device equiped with both a standard color video camera and a depth image camera, that codes a 3D scene, objects within it and their movements using near infrared light invisible to the human eye. This process is patented under the name "Light Coding." This camera sensor communicates with an integrated System on a chip developed by PrimeSense that performs sophisticated analysis of the camera data, enabling the system to map out walls and furniture in a room, capture 3D object shapes, and sense bodies, their position, movements and gestures.
CREATIVE SENZ3D The device, intended for PC-only, features close-range tracking over a range of 6-inches to 3-feet (15 to 90 cm), in addition to finger tracking, the ability to recognize and differentiate between static hand poses, and moving hand gestures. It also boasts facial detection and analysis, and voice recognition.
SoftKinetic’s DepthSense DepthSense® is SoftKinetic's patented time-of-flight depth sensor. The sensor measures the time it takes for infrared light emitted from the camera/module to return – the time-of-flight – and transforms the positional data into real-time, 3D RGB images, as well as greyscale confidence and depth map images. DepthSense cameras/modules deliver real-time 3D distance data for both close (15cm to 1m) and far interaction (1.5m to 4.5m) at up to 60fps. They combine a patented time-of- flight depth sensor, an RGB sensor and 2 microphones.
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Jawbone Multi-Sensor Activity Tracker It is a multi-sensor platform: The advanced multi-sensor platform includes a new tri-axis accelerometer, sophisticated bioimpedance sensors, and skin and ambient temperature sensors. Using this technology, UP3 delivers resting heart rate – a key indicator of your overall heart health – and will capture more health data through future firmware updates. UP3 tracks detailed sleep stages including REM, Light and Deep sleep, providing in-depth information on your sleep and what you can do to improve it. New smart algorithms allow UP3 to automatically identify workouts and classify your activities, including running, cross-training, tennis, and many more. The band connects with the industry-leading UP App, acting as a “Smart Coach” – an intelligent system that keeps track of user’s progress and gives personalized guidance to help user to reach goals faster.
Fitbit Charge The Fitbit Charge is an activity tracker that displays a bunch of fitness stats right there on the wrist. All Fitbits have a MEMS 3-axis accelerometer that measures motion patterns to determine the steps taken, distance traveled, active minutes, and calories burned. It also features an altimeter that measures floors climbed.
Mio Fuse A heart rate monitor, sports watch and activity tracker. Mio FUSE is a sleek wristband that combines all the features of a heart rate monitor, sports watch, and activity tracker. Heart rate data is EKG accurate and does not require the use of a chest strap. It monitors the intensity of workouts and movement throughout the day for a more comprehensive look at exertion, recovery, and overall fitness. All-day activity statistics include steps, calories, distance, and goal progress.
Basis - Peak Fitness and Sleep Tracker The Peak tracks heart rate throughout the day and also features improved sensors that allow it to keep track of user’s heart rate while exercising without a chest strap. It automatically detects when user is sleeping and also automatically detects certain activities, such as running, walking and cycling, and tells the duration of each activity as well as how many calories were burned. The Peak is also one of the only trackers to measure skin temperature and perspiration.
HAPI Fork Eating too fast leads to poor digestion and poor weight control. The HAPIfork, powered by Slow Control is an electronic fork that helps you monitor and track eating habits. It also provide alerts with the help of indicator lights and gentle vibrations when someone is eating too fast. Every time food is taken from the plate to the mouth using a fork, this action is called: a "fork serving". The HAPIfork also measures: • How long it took to eat your meal. • The amount of "fork servings" taken per minute. • Intervals between "fork servings". This information is then uploaded via USB or Bluetooth to your Online Dashboard on HAPI.com to track your progress. The HAPIfork also comes with the HAPIfork and HAPI.com apps plus a coaching program to help improve your eating behavior.
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LIFTWARE Spoon The Liftware stabilizing handle contains sensors that detect hand motion and a small onboard computer that distinguishes unwanted hand tremor from the intended movement of the hand. To counteract any tremor and stabilize the utensil, the computer directs two motors in the handle to move the utensil attachment in the opposite direction of any detected tremor. Clinical studies have shown that the Liftware utensil reduces shake on average by 70%, so you can worry less about spilling and enjoy your meal.
PHILIPS HealWell HealWell is a new total lighting concept for patient rooms. It is developed specifically to contribute to people’s visual, emotional and biological response to light. It creates a unique environment that supports patient well-being and improves the hospital experience. Dynamic light, which mimics the varying light of natural daylight, is combined with personalised, controllable light settings. HealWell creates an environment in which patients feel better. At the same time, it provides medical staff with good lighting conditions for examinations or emergencies. Recent research has shown that light can have many beneficial effects on healing environments. It improves not only the ambience in patient rooms, but also their satisfaction and well-being.
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