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Universidad Peruana De Ciencias Aplicadas Facultad Ingreso de aerolíneas low cost al mercado peruano y su impacto en las aerolíneas comerciales tradicionales de rutas nacionales, años 2015-2018 Item Type info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis Authors Camasca Jeremías, Giovanna Arsenia; Medina Molina, María Jimena Publisher Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) Rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess; Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Download date 11/10/2021 05:40:51 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654569 UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS FACULTAD DE ADMINISTRACIÓN EN HOTELERIA Y TURISMO PROGRAMA ACADÉMICO DE HOTELERÍA Y ADMINISTRACIÓN Ingreso de aerolíneas low cost al mercado peruano y su impacto en las aerolíneas comerciales tradicionales de rutas nacionales, años 2015-2018 TESIS Para optar el título profesional de Licenciado en Administración AUTORES Camasca Jeremías, Giovanna Arsenia (0000-0003-1119-9839) Medina Molina, María Jimena (0000-0002-4180-0042) ASESORA Cano Pacheco, Carmen Jannet (0000-0001-7184-2852) Lima, 18 de noviembre de 2019 DEDICATORIA Dedicamos el presente trabajo de investigación a nuestras familias y a todas las personas que nos apoyaron durante nuestro desarrollo personal y profesional para poder alcanzar nuestras metas. I AGRADECIMIENTO Agradecemos a nuestra asesora y a los especialistas entrevistados; así como, a las entidades del Estado y privadas, las cuales nos ayudaron brindándonos la información necesaria para sacar adelante nuestra investigación. II RESUMEN Esta investigación titulada “Ingreso de aerolíneas low cost al mercado peruano y su impacto en las aerolíneas comerciales tradicionales de rutas nacionales, años 2015-2018” tiene como objetivo analizar el efecto de las aerolíneas low cost con respecto a las tradicionales. Actualmente, estas últimas están ingresando al Perú con varias rutas nacionales, lo cual tiene como finalidad obtener una mayor participación en el mercado. Sin embargo, las aerolíneas tradicionales se mantienen en constantes cambios con su modelo de negocio para seguir compitiendo. La investigación se divide en cinco capítulos: En el Capítulo I se presenta el marco teórico y se explican los conceptos básicos, tales como las estructuras de mercado; las estrategias de fijación de precios; conceptos aeronáuticos; concepto de low cost; principales aerolíneas del Perú; ingreso de low cost (caso Perú) y costeo y tarifas de low cost. En el Capítulo II del plan de investigación se formula la problemática de la investigación, hipótesis y objetivos. En el Capítulo III que corresponde a la metodología de investigación, se detallan los tipos de investigación e instrumentos a utilizar. En el Capítulo IV del desarrollo de la investigación, se analiza la información cualitativa y cuantitativa. En el Capítulo V se presentan los análisis de resultados y se realiza el análisis de los instrumentos, concluyendo con la validación de la hipótesis general y específicas basados en los resultados obtenidos del análisis de correlación y entrevistas a especialistas. Finalmente, las conclusiones para todos aquellos que deseen analizar el impacto de las aerolíneas low cost. Palabras clave: Aerolíneas; Low cost; Aviación; Aeropuerto; Tarifas; Precios; Rutas Nacionales. III Entry of low cost airlines to the Peruvian market and its impact on traditional commercial airlines of national routes, years 2015-2018 ABSTRACT This research entitled “Entry of low-cost controls to the Peruvian market and its impact on traditional commercial regulations of national routes, years 2015-2018” aims to analyze the effect that low-cost regulations have on traditional traditional ones. Currently, low-cost airlines are entering Peru with a wide variety of national routes, which has as obtaining a greater market share. However, traditional practices remain in constant changes with their business model to continue competing. The present work is divided into five chapters: Chapter I Theoretical framework, where the basic concepts will be explained, stories such as: Market Structures, according to Estevan (2013); Pricing strategies; Aeronautical concepts; Low cost concept; Main Airlines of Peru; Low cost income (case Peru) and Costing and low cost rates. Chapter II Research plan, the research problem, hypothesis and objectives are formulated. Chapter III Research methodology, which details the types of research and instruments to be used for the population. Chapter IV Research development, where qualitative and quantitative information is analyzed. Chapter V Analysis of results, the analysis of the instruments was carried out, concluding with the validation of the general and specific hypotheses based on the specific results of the correlation analysis and interviews with specialists. Finally, the conclusions for all those who wish to analyze the impact of low costs in the last year in Perú are detailed. Keywords: Airlines; Low cost; Aviation; Airport; Tariffs; Prices; National Routes IV TABLA DE CONTENIDOS RESUMEN ..................................................................................................................... III ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... IV CAPÍTULO I: MARCO TEÓRICO ................................................................................. 3 1.1 Definiciones ............................................................................................................ 4 1.1.1 Estructuras de mercado .................................................................................... 5 1.1.2 Estrategias de fijación de precios .................................................................... 6 1.1.3 Conceptos aeronáuticos ................................................................................... 7 1.2 Las aerolíneas low cost en Latinoamérica ............................................................ 10 1.3 Principales aerolíneas del Perú ............................................................................. 13 1.4 Ingreso de low cost (caso Perú) .......................................................................... 25 1.5 Costeo y tarifas de low cost .................................................................................. 27 CAPÍTULO II: PLAN DE TESIS .................................................................................. 29 2.1 Objetivo de la investigación ................................................................................. 29 2.1.1 Justificación ................................................................................................... 29 2.1.2 Delimitación del espacio temporal ................................................................ 30 2.2. Planteamiento del problema ................................................................................ 30 2.2.1 Problema principal ......................................................................................... 30 2.2.2 Problemas secundarios .................................................................................. 31 2.3 Hipótesis ............................................................................................................... 31 2.3.1 Hipótesis general .......................................................................................... 31 2.3.2 Hipótesis específicas..................................................................................... 31 2.4 Objetivos .............................................................................................................. 32 2.4.1 Objetivo principal ......................................................................................... 32 2.4.2 Objetivos secundarios ................................................................................... 32 CAPÍTULO III: METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................ 33 3.1 Objetivo y nivel de investigación ......................................................................... 33 V 3.2 Diseño de la investigación ................................................................................... 33 3.3 Investigación cualitativa ...................................................................................... 34 3.3.1 Definición de la población ............................................................................ 34 3.3.2 Definición de la muestra ............................................................................... 34 3.3.3 Aplicación de instrumento: entrevista a profundidad .................................... 35 3.4. Investigación cuantitativa .................................................................................... 37 3.4.1 Descripción de los instrumentos de recolección de datos ............................ 39 3.4.2 Población ...................................................................................................... 40 CAPÍTULO IV: DESARROLLO ................................................................................... 41 4.1 Aplicación de instrumentos .................................................................................. 41 4.1.1 Entrevistas ..................................................................................................... 41 4.1.2 Comparación de pasajes aéreos y terrestres .................................................. 45 CAPÍTULO V: ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS .................................................. 48 5.1 Aplicación de los resultados ...............................................................................
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