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Estudios Bioestratigráficos Y Paleoambientales De La Formación Santa Máxima, Paleozoico Superior, Provincia De Mendoza, República Argentina

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Estudios Bioestratigráficos Y Paleoambientales De La Formación Santa Máxima, Paleozoico Superior, Provincia De Mendoza, República Argentina Tesis de Posgrado Estudios bioestratigráficos y paleoambientales de la formación Santa Máxima, paleozoico superior, Provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina Ottone, Eduardo Guillermo 1987 Tesis presentada para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Geológicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires Este documento forma parte de la colección de tesis doctorales y de maestría de la Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, disponible en digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. Su utilización debe ser acompañada por la cita bibliográfica con reconocimiento de la fuente. This document is part of the doctoral theses collection of the Central Library Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, available in digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. It should be used accompanied by the corresponding citation acknowledging the source. Cita tipo APA: Ottone, Eduardo Guillermo. (1987). Estudios bioestratigráficos y paleoambientales de la formación Santa Máxima, paleozoico superior, Provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_2077_Ottone.pdf Cita tipo Chicago: Ottone, Eduardo Guillermo. "Estudios bioestratigráficos y paleoambientales de la formación Santa Máxima, paleozoico superior, Provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina". Tesis de Doctor. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. 1987. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_2077_Ottone.pdf Dirección: Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis F. Leloir, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Contacto: [email protected] Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - C1428EGA - Tel. (++54 +11) 4789-9293 UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES Tema de T0518 ESTUDIOS HIOESTHATIURAFICOS Y PALEOAMBLENTALES DH LA FORMACION SANTA MAXIMA, PALEOZOTCO SUPERIOR, PROVINCIA DE MENDOZA, REPUBLICA ARGENTINA Autor Eduardo Guillermo Ottone Director de Tesis Dr. Carlos L. Azcuy Lugar de Trabajo Departamento de Ciencias Geológican Tesis presentada para optar por el titulo de Doctor en Ciencias Geológioas 1987 A Lapin. INDICE PáRTE I Página 1. RESUMEN............................... l 2. lNTHOUUCClUN.......................... 7 2.1. OBJETIVOS Y NATURALEZA DEL TRABAJO.. 7 2.2. UBICACION........................... 7 2.3. METODODETRABAJO................... 8 3, GEOLOGIAGENERAL...................... 12 3.1. INTRODUCCION........................ 12 3.2. UNIDADES AFLORANTES EN LA COMARCA... 13 3.2.1. CALIZALACRUZ.................... 13 3.2.2. GRUPOVILLAVICENCIO............... 14 3.2.2.1. INTRODUCCION.................... 14 3.2.2.2. DESCRIPCIONLITOEACIAL.......... 15 3.2.2.3. CONTENIDOFOSILIFERO............ 17 3.2.2.4. MATERIAORGANICASEDIMENTARIA... 17 3.2.2.5. AMBIENTEDESEDIMENTACION....... 18 3.2.3. GRUPOCHOIYOI..................... 19 3.2.4. DEPOSITOSCUARTARICOS............. 20 4, NONMACIONSANTAMAXIMA................ 21 4.1. 1NTRODUCCION..........;............. 21 4.2; INVESTIGACIONESANTERIORES.......... 21 4.3. DISTRIBUCIONAREAL.................. 24 4.4. RELACIONES ESTRATIGRAFICAS- ESPESOR. 24 4.5. ESTRUCTURA.......................... 25 4.6. INTRUSIONES......................... 25 4.7. DESCRIPCIONLITOFACIAL.............. 26 4.7.1. LN'É"\'0DUCC.LON.-.oo00.0.00..­ 4.7.9. FACIES SEDÍHENTARIA A...... 4.7.3. FAClHS SEDIMENTARÏA3...... 4.7.4. FAULES ¿EDlRENTARlA 4.7.6. ¡"A(1| HL; Ill-2D] MI-¡N'I'AHIA l). 4.9. CÜHTDNTDUFUSILTFHRO......... 4.8.1. LNTRODUC‘ION............... 4.8.2. HEUAFLURA.........o........ 52 4.8.2.1. íN'I‘I(()l)U(,‘C'J.0N.. .. 52 4.8.2.2. SISTBUATICA.............. 54 4.8.2.3. ASPECTOS PALEOECOLOGICOS, 80 4.8.3. CONTENIDOPALINOLOGICO..... 92 4.8.3.1. ESCOLBCODONTES........... 82 4.8.3.1.1. INTRODUCCION........... 0-000..­ 82 4.8.3.1.2. SlsTEI‘IA'PICAQDOO ooo ¡o o I a o 83 6.8.3.1.3. ASYECTOSPALEOECOLOGICOS........ 99 4.8.3.2. ¡“lCÍ(Ul"L()l(Íqu-ouoopaco-oo.-too-ooo­ 101 4.8.3.?.1. SISTEMATICA (PROXIGERIINANTES}.. 101 PARTE ¿¿ 4.8.3.2.1. (cont.) SISTEMATICA (VARIEGERMINANTES­ INCERTAE SEDIS Y GRUPO ACRITARCHA)...'OOUCOOOICOI'OOÍOC 213 4.8.3.2.2. ANALISIS CUANTITATIVO DE ¡AICROFLORASo-oo¡ccoo-ooncco.272 4.8.3.2.2.1. INTRODUCCIONoon'n-oooou0...0... 272 4.8.3.2.2.2. TRABAJOCOO’OIcon...o 272 408.502.295­ CON SIDERACIONES TEORICAS ACERCA DE LA UTILIZACION DE DTAGRAHAS POLINICOS....... 4.8.3.2.2.q. CONSIDERACIONES ooo 4.8.3.1’.?.5. VARTA CIONï-ZS VPHWFICAIJM y Y OBSERVADASOIOIOCI’. 4.8.3.?02"! 1‘01. PERFIL DE EL CHIQUERITO­ VARIACIONESVERTICALES..... 281 4.8.3.2.2.s.?. PERFIL DE LA PLAYITA­ VARIACIONESVERTICALES..... 4.803.202.50j. PERFIL DE EL SALTITO­ VARIACIONES VERTICALES Y LATI'IRALESOOOo-OOIoooO-OO. 287 498.302.205.40 PERFIL DE LOS PIEDRINES I­ VA RIACIONES VERTICALES.... 290 4.8- 302.2. 50.5­ PERFIL DE LOS MANANTIALES V­ VAHIACIONESVERTICALES..... 792 4.8.3.2.2.5.6. OTRASSECCIONES............ 295 4.9. ESTUDIO DEL QUEROGENO...... 299 4.9.1. INIJ‘RODUCCION’OI.OOOIOIIOO 299 4.9.2. LUZ TRANSMITIDA.......... 299 4.9.3. LUZ IILNFLIEJ-¡LDAOQ o n o o o n o o o o 302 4.9.4. ANALISIS QUIMICOELEMENTAL......... 305 4.9.5. COIJULUSIONle-OIOOOOOCO'I...’.'..C.. 306 4.9.6. COMPARACION ENTRE EL CONTENIDO ORGANICO DE LA FORMACION SANTA MAXIMA Y EL INFRAYACENTE GRUPOVILLAVICENCIO................ 309 - iii ­ 4.9.7. POTENCIAL PHODUCTOR DE HI DRO­ Y CAI‘BUNÏÜ‘S...ooo-onoocovooo309 4.10. AI». HT “LN‘I‘E DE caoonaoo.Ioo 311 4.10.1. AMBIENTE DE SEDIMENTACION y GENERALo-o-o-oooovco311 4.10.9. ANAL] LTS GENERA]; DE 1.0.‘3 I N U] CMS ColzREIJACI()N.-OOO.OOIOIIOÓCCCOOODC 317 4.10.3. CONSIDERACIONESPALEOCLIMATICAS..... 319 4.11. UUJII(P:11Í\CIONI‘J:J'IOO.-IOIOOOUOOIOOIOIOIOI. 525 4.11.1. MEGAFLORA DE LA ASOCIACION INFERIOR. 325 4.11.2. :IIICROB'LORAOOOVOIOOOOI00.0....O...­ 32'! 4.11.2.1. lNTKODUCClON............. 327 4.11.2.2. ASOCIACLONES RECONOCIDAS EN LAFORMACION............. 328 4.11.2.2.1. CARACTERIZACION DE LAS ASOCIACIONES........... 328 4.11.2.2.2. COMPARACION CON PALINOZ UNAS ARGENTINAS............. 329 4.11.2.2.3. COMPARñCION CON OTRAS ASOCIACIONES GONDWANICAuna...k. 331 4.11.2.2.3.1. ASOCIACION INFERIOR.. ooo... 331 4.11.?.2.3.2. ASOCIACION SUPERIOR.. ooo... 333 4.11.3. ESCOLECO DUN'J'HS. o . 338 4.12. EDAD............................... 33H 5. B‘INALESOUUIIÓIOÓODOOO341 6. IIGRADBCIIÍïIEI‘Irl‘OSOOOOOIOOI’OOOOOOIUOOIOI. O 349 7. LaI S T11 DE TRABAJOS CITADOS EN EL TEXTO.. 351 iv — PARTE _¿¿ a, nrwuprcuL- FIGURAS..................... 404 5.1. INDICEDEFIGURAS....................» 40H 9. “mmm, II- 1.A'r.i1'NAS.................... 457 9.1. ¡HDLCHunLAMJNAS..................... 457 1o, Annxos.................................. 554 ANEXO I- MAPA GEOLOGICO ANEXO II- CUADRO DE INDICES DE CORRELAUION (ver contratupa) PARTE .1. 1. HüSUMEN Lu Formación Santa Máxima aflora en una amplia faja ue rumbo aproximado NE-SO, en las quebradas de los Cerros Ba­ you y ¡ou MHHJHLIHÏCÜ,Depurtumento do Lun Horuu, Provincia de Mendoza. Infrayacen a esta unidad sedimentitas de la Galiza Lu Cruz (Cambrico) y del Grupo VillaVLcencio (Devónico), y la uupruyucen rocun dc] Grupo Chelyoi (Perma-Trináuico) y nedjmcn­ tos de coluvio/nluvio cunrtáriCOS. A partir de] reconocimiento detallado de 12 seccio­ nes geológicus se pudieron caracterizar cuatro facies sedimen­ t'nriuu‘ Fucjes Sedimentul'iu A inferior y Superior (facies. flu­ viales), Encieu sedimenturin B (facien de planicie de mareas), Facies Seaimentariu C (facies transicionales de fan delta) y Facies Sedimentaria D (facies marinas distales principalmente turbidfticuu). Estas sedimentitus se habrían depOSitado en un ambien­ te litoral, con un nivel de mar inestable. La evolución pelao­ ambiental de lu cuenca de depoaitación puede esquematiaurse a partir de la definición de tres momentos‘t°, t' y t“. En t° (Carbonffero medio tardio- Carbonífero tardío), en el área de los Cerros Bayas, habría dominado un ambiente fluvial (Facies Sedimentaria A inferior) y hacia el sur un medio marino neto (Facies seuimentarias C y D). En t' (Carbonífero tardIo- Yérmicoinferior), se habría producido la transgresión efectiVu de toda ia conarca Manantiales- Cerros BayOS(Facieu Sedimentaria B). y más tarde en t" (Permico inferior). luego de un lento proceso regresiva, se habrian hecho presentes nuevamente un lu zun4 du 10h mnnunL1ulen depórltoz conLinenLuleu (Fncleu Sedlmenturiu A superior). En t° el clima habría sido frío y húmedoregistrán­ GOGHen ocuuioncu el congelamiento parclul de 108 espejos de uuu“, mu-ntrus: «una en l.‘ y t'undnmonLulumnte nn t", el climu habría sido más templudo y algo más árido. El estudio sistemático de la megaflora permitió deter­ mlnur lu pronuncia ua l? enpocleu, reutringidan on au mayoría a los niveles bunales de la formación. El listado de las mismas es el siguiente‘ Fedekurtzia argentina (Kurtz) Archangelsky, Nothorhacogteris argentinica (Geinitz) Archangelsky, Botrzchiog­ ¿La weisuiana Kurtz. Bumbudendron Engancianum Archangelsky, Azcuy gl Wagner, Bumbudondron nitidum Arohangelsky, Azcuy si Wagner. Licópsida A. ?Calamites 5p., Ginkgoghlllum 5p., Cordaites 3p., Cordaicarfus chicheriensis Lala. Cordaicargus cf. E. emarginatus Walkom y Forma A. El reconocimiento uiutomático de lou palinomorfos posibilitó determinar 127 especies, de las cuales 13 son espe­ cies nuevas y lose citan por primera vez en nuestro país. El listado ue los mismoses el siguiente‘ Leiotriletes directus Bulmagl Hennelly. Leiotriletes 5p., Calamosporahartungiana Schopf, Wilson ¿i Bentall, Punctatisporitoa gretensis Balme si Hennelly, Punctatisporitea g;eten813 forma minor Hart, Punctatisporites glaber (Nuumova)Playford, Punctatisgorites humilis Azcuy, Punctutisgorites ¡alancnnonois
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