DOCSLIB.ORG

Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action U.S.Enhancing Preventive Cover Photo: The main conference area of the White House Situation Room, newly remodeled, was shown to the press on May 18, 2007 (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images). Council Special Report No. 48 Council on Foreign Relations October 2009 58 East 68th Street Council No. 48 Special Report New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 Paul B. Stares and Micah Zenko fax 212.434.9800 1777 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Enhancing U.S. tel 202.509.8400 fax 202.509.8490 www.cfr.org Preventive Action Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action Council Special Report No. 48 October 2009 Paul B. Stares and Micah Zenko Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, business execu- tives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; con- vening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with Council members to discuss and debate major international issues; supporting a Studies Program that fos- ters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold round- tables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important for- eign policy topics; and providing up-to-date information and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, CFR.org. The Council on Foreign Relations takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with the U.S. government. All statements of fact and expressions of opinion contained in its publications are the sole responsibility of the author or authors. Council Special Reports (CSRs) are concise policy briefs, produced to provide a rapid response to a devel- oping crisis or contribute to the public’s understanding of current policy dilemmas. CSRs are written by individual authors—who may be CFR fellows or acknowledged experts from outside the institution—in consultation with an advisory committee, and are intended to take sixty days from inception to publication. The committee serves as a sounding board and provides feedback on a draft report. It usually meets twice— once before a draft is written and once again when there is a draft for review; however, advisory committee members, unlike Task Force members, are not asked to sign off on the report or to otherwise endorse it. Once published, CSRs are posted on www.cfr.org. For further information about CFR or this Special Report, please write to the Council on Foreign Rela- tions, 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, or call the Communications office at 212.434.9888. Visit our website, CFR.org. Copyright © 2009 by the Council on Foreign Relations ® Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This report may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form beyond the reproduction permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law Act (17 U.S.C. Sections 107 and 108) and excerpts by reviewers for the public press, without express written permission from the Council on Foreign Relations. For information, write to the Publications Office, Council on Foreign Relations, 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065. To submit a letter in response to a Council Special Report for publication on our website, CFR.org, you may send an email to [email protected]. Alternatively, letters may be mailed to us at: Publications Depart- ment, Council on Foreign Relations, 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065. Letters should include the writer’s name, postal address, and daytime phone number. Letters may be edited for length and clarity, and may be published online. Please do not send attachments. All letters become the property of the Council on Foreign Relations and will not be returned. We regret that, owing to the volume of correspondence, we cannot respond to every letter. This report is printed on paper that is certified by SmartWood to the standards of the Forest Stewardship Council, which promotes environmentally responsible, socially beneficial, and economically viable man- agement of the world’s forests. Contents Foreword vii Acknowledgments ix Acronyms xi Council Special Report 1 Introduction 3 Assessing U.S. Preventive Action 10 Recommendations 19 Endnotes 27 About the Authors 35 Advisory Committee 37 CPA Advisory Committee 38 CPA Mission Statement 39 Foreword Few would dispute that preventing conflict, instability, and humanitar- ian disaster is preferable to confronting these problems after they arise. Preventive measures are generally less expensive than remedial ones. They also allow policymakers to address potential crises before they threaten international stability, U.S. interests, and human lives. Building an effective U.S. government capacity to take preventive action, however, has proved an elusive goal. And the challenges to achieving it have perhaps never been greater. The urgent problems faced by the United States, including wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, nuclear development in Iran and North Korea, and the aftermath of a deep economic crisis, make it difficult for policymakers to focus resources and attention on potential future threats. But these same urgent challenges also make preventive action more useful. In this climate, measures that could obviate further military commitments, save money, and resolve tensions that might consume more time and resources later are a sound investment. In this Council Special Report, sponsored by the Center for Preven- tive Action, Paul B. Stares and Micah Zenko evaluate the U.S. system for foreseeing and heading off crises. They assess in detail current U.S. practices with regard to different types of preventive action, examining such topics as intelligence community analyses; “watchlists” of states at risk; interagency planning processes; foreign assistance programming; and the work of the State Department office created in 2004 to lead U.S. government efforts in this area. The report cites an array of shortcom- ings in how the government plans and conducts its preventive activities, a situation that can leave policymakers scrambling to respond to crises after they break out. To improve this, the authors recommend a variety of steps, including revising and strengthening the strategic planning process under the leadership of the National Security Council, improv- ing and consolidating intelligence products and connecting them more vii viii Foreword closely to policymakers, and providing additional funding for preven- tive efforts. Enhancing U.S. Preventive Action is a comprehensive contribution to the debate on a complex topic. It offers detailed recommendations that could bolster the ability of the United States to identify and address threats before they erupt into crises. It also makes a strong case that given the military and economic constraints facing the United States today, such preventive action is not a luxury but a necessity. Richard N. Haass President Council on Foreign Relations October 2009 Acknowledgments This report was made possible by the generous assistance and advice provided by many; we are grateful to them all. First, we thank CFR Pres- ident Richard N. Haass and Director of Studies James M. Lindsay for supporting this project and for providing helpful comments through- out its development. The time and expertise given by the members of the CSR advisory committee, and in particular Lawrence Woocher, Tjip Walker, Freder- ick S. Tipson, Stewart M. Patrick, Kara C. McDonald, Kathleen Kava- lec, and Lyston A. Lea, were invaluable to the success of this project. Cara L. Abercrombie, Cynthia Irmer, and government officials who have requested not to be identified also provided feedback that greatly contributed to the quality of the report. Finally, we are grateful to Patricia Dorff and Lia Norton in Publica- tions for their terrific editing support and to Lisa Shields, Anya Schme- mann, and Melinda Brouwer in Communications and Marketing for working to promote and distribute the report. We also appreciate the contribution of Assistant Director of Studies Melanie Gervacio Lin and Studies Administrator Kate Howell in guiding the CSR through Studies, and the extraordinary logistical, research, and intellectual sup- port of CPA Research Associates Elise Vaughan, Rebecca Friedman, and Stephen Wittels, and Intern Dana Stern. This publication was made possible by a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. CFR also expresses its thanks to the Robina Foundation for its support for Dr. Zenko’s work on multilateral dimen- sions of conflict prevention. The statements made and views expressed herein are solely our own. Paul B. Stares Micah Zenko ix Acronyms CMM Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation COCOMs Combatant Commands
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons
    VERSION: Charles P. Blair, “Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons,” in Gary Ackerman and Jeremy Tamsett, eds., Jihadists and Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Growing Threat (New York: Taylor and Francis, 2009), pp. 193-238. c h a p t e r 8 Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons Charles P. Blair CONTENTS Introduction 193 Improvised Nuclear Devices (INDs) 195 Fissile Materials 198 Weapons-Grade Uranium and Plutonium 199 Likely IND Construction 203 External Procurement of Intact Nuclear Weapons 204 State Acquisition of an Intact Nuclear Weapon 204 Nuclear Black Market 212 Incidents of Jihadist Interest in Nuclear Weapons and Weapons-Grade Nuclear Materials 213 Al-Qa‘ida 213 Russia’s Chechen-Led Jihadists 214 Nuclear-Related Threats and Attacks in India and Pakistan 215 Overall Likelihood of Jihadists Obtaining Nuclear Capability 215 Notes 216 Appendix: Toward a Nuclear Weapon: Principles of Nuclear Energy 232 Discovery of Radioactive Materials 232 Divisibility of the Atom 232 Atomic Nucleus 233 Discovery of Neutrons: A Pathway to the Nucleus 233 Fission 234 Chain Reactions 235 Notes 236 INTRODUCTION On December 1, 2001, CIA Director George Tenet made a hastily planned, clandestine trip to Pakistan. Tenet arrived in Islamabad deeply shaken by the news that less than three months earlier—just weeks before the attacks of September 11, 2001—al-Qa‘ida and Taliban leaders had met with two former Pakistani nuclear weapon scientists in a joint quest to acquire nuclear weapons. Captured documents the scientists abandoned as 193 AU6964.indb 193 12/16/08 5:44:39 PM 194 Charles P. Blair they fled Kabul from advancing anti-Taliban forces were evidence, in the minds of top U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies
    Reforming U.S. Strike Policies Drone Reforming Cover photo: A U.S. Air Force MQ-9 Reaper from the 62nd Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron takes o! from Kandahar Air Base, Afghanistan, on March 13, 2009, in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (Sta! Sgt. James L. Harper Jr./U.S. Air Force). Council Special Report No. 65 Council on Foreign Relations January 2013 58 East 68th Street Council No. 65 Special Report New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 Micah Zenko fax 212.434.9800 1777 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Reforming U.S. tel 202.509.8400 fax 202.509.8490 www.cfr.org Drone Strike Policies Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies Council Special Report No. !" January #$%& Micah Zenko Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government o'cials, business execu- tives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in %(#%, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; con- vening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government o'cials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major international issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign A!airs, the preeminent journal on international a)airs and U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Download/Hearing 03-05-14-A., P
    University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/66906 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. The Fractured Consensus How competing visions of grand strategy challenge the geopolitical identity of American leadership under the Obama presidency Author: Georg Löfflmann Thesis submitted for awarding of academic degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) University of Warwick Department of Politics and International Studies Date of Submission: 30 September 2014 Table of Contents List of Tables and Illustrations i. Acknowledgements ii. Inclusion of Published Work iii Abstract iv. Introduction p. 1 A critical research perspective of grand strategy p. 9 Research question p. 12 Research statement p. 12 Theoretical background p. 14 Methodology p. 16 Chapter Outline p. 21 1. Reimagining grand strategy: From Clausewitz to critical geopolitics p. 25 Part I Grand strategy p. 26 Strategy and grand strategy p. 26 Grand strategy in International Relations: Realists vs. the rest p. 29 A critical security studies perspective of grand strategy: Power/knowledge, discourse and intertextuality p. 36 Basic discourses of grand strategy: Hegemony, engagement and restraint p. 44 Part II Geopolitics p. 51 Geopolitics - Past and present p. 51 Classical geopolitics from Mackinder to Haushofer: Heartland, sea power and Lebensraum p.
    [Show full text]
  • Trump's Foreign Policies Are Better Than They Seem
    Council Special Report No. 84 April 2019 Trump’s Foreign Policies Are Better Than They Seem Robert D. Blackwill The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, business executives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; convening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with Council members to discuss and debate major international issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important foreign policy topics; and providing up-to-date information and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, CFR.org. The Council on Foreign Relations takes no institutional positions on policy issues and has no affiliation with the U.S. government. All views expressed in its publications and on its website are the sole responsibility of the author or authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Precedents for Targeted Killings and Signature Strikes
    From Pulling the Trigger to Pushing the Button: Historical Precedents for Targeted Killings and Signature Strikes Author: Damian Mencini Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:103680 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2014 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The College of Arts and Sciences Department of History From Pulling the Trigger to Pushing the Button Historical Precedents for Targeted Killings and Signature Strikes A Scholar of the College Project April 2014 Advisors: Prof. Charles Gallagher, S.J. Prof. Peter Krause Damian Mencini ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I cannot thank my advisors—Professors Charles Gallagher S.J. and Peter Krause— enough for their support on this thesis. It would not be possible without their counsel. They both accepted and encouraged an unorthodox project that intertwines History and Political Science. My most sincere gratitude and thanks to Father Gallagher for his strong committee direction, remarkable knowledge, and unique perspective, which has been vital in forming this thesis. I would like to express my profound thanks to Professor Krause, who challenged nearly every preconceived notion I had about the topic and whose constant questioning has made me rethink everything written in these pages. I offer my sincere and humble gratitude to Professors Gallagher and Krause for teaching me, guiding this thesis, and relentlessly supporting my pursuits. I also thank other faculty members of Boston College who helped me in the development of this thesis. My deepest gratitude to Professor Robin Fleming, whose belief in academic experimentation allowed for this unique History thesis, whose steady and patient guidance aided me during throughout my thesis trials and tribulations, and who taught me the wonders of Scrivener.
    [Show full text]
  • The Islamic State Movement
    ISSN 2334-3745 Volume X, Issue 4 August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 Table of Contents Welcome from the Editor 1 Guest Editors’ Introduction to the Special Issue Constructions of Terrorism: Confronting the Challenges to Global Security Created By Daesh/Islamic State 2 by Scott Englund and Michael Stohl I. Articles New Masters of Revolutionary Warfare: The Islamic State Movement (2002-2016) 4 by Craig Whiteside Violent Political Movements: Comparing the Shining Path to the Islamic State 19 by Scott Englund and Michael Stohl Misoverestimating ISIS: Comparisons with Al-Qaeda 30 by John Mueller and Mark G. Stewart Framing Daesh: Failures and Consequences 40 by Benjamin K. Smith, Andrea Figueroa-Caballero, Samantha Chan, Robert Kovacs, Erinn Middo, Lauren Nel- son, Richard Palacios, Supriya Yelimeli, and Michael Stohl Failures of Militarism in Countering Mega-Terrorism 51 by Richard Falk II. Special Correspondence What Comes After ISIS? A Peace Proposal 62 by Clark McCauley III. Resources Bibliography: Legal Aspects of Terrorism 67 Compiled and selected by Judith Tinnes IV. Book Reviews Counterterrorism Bookshelf: 21 Books on Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism-Related Subjects 99 Reviewed by Joshua Sinai ISSN 2334-3745 i August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 V. News From TRI’s National Networks of Ph.D. Theses Writers: List of Canadian Ph.D. Theses in Progress and Completed 108 Prepared by Ryan Scrivens VI. Notes from the Editor Conference Announcement Terrorism and Social Media: An International Conference 117 New Positions Available at Perspectives on Terrorism 119 Crowdfunding Initiative on the Occasion of the 10th Anniversary of Perspectives on Terrorism 120 About Perspectives on Terrorism 121 ISSN 2334-3745 ii August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 Welcome from the Editor Dear Reader, We are pleased to announce the release of Volume X, Issue 4 (August 2016) of Perspectives on Terrorism at www.terrorismanalysts.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Independent Assessment of U.S. Government Efforts Against Al- Qaeda Julia Mcquaid, Jonathan Schroden, Pamela G
    Independent Assessment of U.S. Government Efforts against Al- Qaeda Julia McQuaid, Jonathan Schroden, Pamela G. Faber, P. Kathleen Hammerberg, Alexander Powell, Zack Gold, David Knoll, and William Rosenau October 2017 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. This document contains the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor. Distribution DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. SPECIFIC AUTHORITY: N00014-16-D-5003 10/25/2017 Photography Credit: Cover photo compiled by CNA. Sourcing available upon request. Approved by: October 2017 Dr. Eric V. Thompson, Director and VP Center for Strategic Studies Copyright © 2017 CNA Abstract Section 1228 of the 2015 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) states, “The Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the Director of National Intelligence, shall provide for the conduct of an independent assessment of the effectiveness of the United States’ efforts to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat Al- Qaeda, including its affiliated groups, associated groups, and adherents since September 11, 2001.” The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict (ASD (SO/LIC)) asked CNA to conduct this independent assessment, the results of which are presented in this report. i This page intentionally left blank. ii Executive Summary Section 1228 of the 2015 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) states, “The Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the Director of National Intelligence, shall provide for the conduct of an independent assessment of the effectiveness of the United States’ efforts to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat Al- Qaeda, including its affiliated groups, associated groups, and adherents since September 11, 2001.” The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict (ASD (SO/LIC)) asked CNA to conduct this independent assessment.
    [Show full text]
  • Al Qaeda Weapons of Mass Destruction Threat: Hype Or Reality? by Rolf Mowatt-Larssen Foreword by Graham Allison
    AL QAEDA WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION THREAT: HYPE OR REALITY? UraniumSpecific Intelligence Approach Government AbuMeans By Rolf Mowatt-Larssen Bombs Destruction Another Biol 1996 Purchase Na Leade Construct Pr Islamic Home Organizations Foreword by Graham Allison tu od However re uc Sufaat la In Ali January Involved e nd va Hi Ef Re Future Ne sion rs Gr Op Pres In Afghanist Even In Strategic ligiou gh Deputy Oil fo te ConfirmedHouse te Di hi er rn ogical Tw Around rn w rt id ou ffic s In Iran at at at p Ca te KSM La en io io ives rn mp ul na Libya na In te o p t aign at dividu Ma t l March l Scale University io Chie Weapo Fo Egyptian Development Fo te Ra Fe na Ne Acco Means 2003 Saudi Associated Pa La In Control Ef Russ Ne Anthr br Cr Jemaah Specific Ma Memb un Isamuddin an CEO al rials un uf l Moussaoui Yo Mahmood Ba te Sudan UTN ua Re Ca op Am LaboratoIdenry tified Bomb Gi Years Ne fo Te Continue rv kast ding ry ligiou ding Leader Like Officials di Dust 9/11 Leve Documents xt n ve w Approach ll f Passed Raid B iewe rr es rk on Khabab ian t Se De Sm Al-Mas J Gr De Interests Cr In Tox Kin Member ed Re tw United y n Might rdin Bo rt iha Ayman ly or Ca Even Pakistan’s sed co Po Begin De Su Radical Op Libi al te n at r g Cr er 28 Earl op mb ls Be Probably De gdo Achieve s Di ax Di Egyptian Us ist v te nd l Fatwa rn er h er Tw UK in Iran st op an po bway or d Meet Led elo ntial vice Grouou p’s m Purchase Yo a ins rt ffic g ri at House vice ed mp Iraqi Around at Deputy Arrested ive y g Like s Several KSM io y Later Iraq k i N Capture Intent
    [Show full text]
  • Aaron Stein All Rights Reserved
    Middle East Program Aaron Stein All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Author: Aaron Stein Edited by: Thomas J. Shattuck Designed by: Natalia Kopytnik © 2020 by the Foreign Policy Research Institute January 2020 COVER: Designed by Natalia Kopytnik Sources: From top center, clockwise: CENTCOM , Wikimedia Commons, CENTCOM, CENTCOM, Wikimedia Commons, Kremlin.ru, CENTCOM, CENTCOM, Whitehouse.gov Our Mission The Foreign Policy Research Institute is dedicated to bringing the insights of scholarship to bear on the foreign policy and national security challenges facing the United States. It seeks to educate the public, teach teachers, train students, and offer ideas to advance U.S. national interests based on a nonpartisan, geopolitical perspective that illuminates contemporary international affairs through the lens of history, geography, and culture. Offering Ideas In an increasingly polarized world, we pride ourselves on our tradition of nonpartisan scholarship. We count among our ranks over 100 affiliated scholars located throughout the nation and the world who appear regularly in national and international media, testify on Capitol Hill, and are consulted by U.S. government agencies. Educating the American Public FPRI was founded on the premise that an informed and educated citizenry is paramount for the U.S. to conduct a coherent foreign policy. Through in-depth research and events on issues spanning the geopolitical spectrum, FPRI offers insights to help the public understand our volatile world.
    [Show full text]
  • Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies
    SPINE SHOULD BE EXTENSION OF PHOTOGRAPH. CURRENTLY 0.25” Reforming U.S. Drone Strike U.S. Policies Drone Reforming Cover photo: A U.S. Air Force MQ-9 Reaper from the 62nd Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron takes off from Kandahar Air Base, Afghanistan, on March 13, 2009, in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (Staff Sgt. James L. Harper Jr./U.S. Air Force). Council Special Report No. 65 Council on Foreign Relations January 2013 58 East 68th Street Council No. 65 Special Report New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 Micah Zenko fax 212.434.9800 1777 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Reforming U.S. tel 202.509.8400 fax 202.509.8490 www.cfr.org Drone Strike Policies Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies Council Special Report No. 65 January 2013 Micah Zenko Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, business execu- tives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; con- vening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major international issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Eagle Comes Home to Roost: the Historical Origins of the CIA's Lethal
    University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk University of Southampton, 2014 HUMANITIES HISTORY/POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THE EAGLE COMES HOME TO ROOST: THE HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF THE CIA’S LETHAL DRONE PROGRAMME by Christopher J. Fuller Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 i The Eagle Comes Home to Roost: The historical origins of the CIA’s lethal drone programme ABSTRACT Since 2004, the CIA has been engaged in a covert campaign using remotely-operated drones to conduct targeted killings of suspected al-Qaeda and Taliban militants in the Afghanistan/Pakistan region. The rapid escalation of this programme under the Obama administration has attracted the close attention of the media and of academic experts working in the foreign policy, defence and legal fields. However, while such attention has enhanced our understanding of the scale, effectiveness and legality of drone warfare, there has been little attempt to explain the origins of the programme and place it within wider US counterterrorism practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume X, Issue 4 August 2016 PERSPECTIVES on TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4
    ISSN 2334-3745 Volume X, Issue 4 August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 Table of Contents Welcome from the Editor 1 Guest Editors’ Introduction to the Special Issue Constructions of Terrorism: Confronting the Challenges to Global Security Created By Daesh/Islamic State 2 by Scott Englund and Michael Stohl I. Articles New Masters of Revolutionary Warfare: The Islamic State Movement (2002-2016) 4 by Craig Whiteside Violent Political Movements: Comparing the Shining Path to the Islamic State 19 by Scott Englund and Michael Stohl Misoverestimating ISIS: Comparisons with Al-Qaeda 30 by John Mueller and Mark G. Stewart Framing Daesh: Failures and Consequences 40 by Benjamin K. Smith, Andrea Figueroa-Caballero, Samantha Chan, Robert Kovacs, Erinn Middo, Lauren Nel- son, Richard Palacios, Supriya Yelimeli, and Michael Stohl Failures of Militarism in Countering Mega-Terrorism 51 by Richard Falk II. Special Correspondence What Comes After ISIS? A Peace Proposal 62 by Clark McCauley III. Resources Bibliography: Legal Aspects of Terrorism 67 Compiled and selected by Judith Tinnes IV. Book Reviews Counterterrorism Bookshelf: 21 Books on Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism-Related Subjects 99 Reviewed by Joshua Sinai ISSN 2334-3745 i August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 V. News From TRI’s National Networks of Ph.D. Theses Writers: List of Canadian Ph.D. Theses in Progress and Completed 108 Prepared by Ryan Scrivens VI. Notes from the Editor Conference Announcement Terrorism and Social Media: An International Conference 117 New Positions Available at Perspectives on Terrorism 119 Crowdfunding Initiative on the Occasion of the 10th Anniversary of Perspectives on Terrorism 120 About Perspectives on Terrorism 121 ISSN 2334-3745 ii August 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON TERRORISM Volume 10, Issue 4 Welcome from the Editor Dear Reader, We are pleased to announce the release of Volume X, Issue 4 (August 2016) of Perspectives on Terrorism at www.terrorismanalysts.com.
    [Show full text]