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Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei)

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Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei) Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei) BRUCE B. COLLETTE, N.V. PARIN, and MARTHA S. NIZINSKI W9\ I SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 525 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. Robert McC. Adams Secretary Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 525 Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei) Bruce B. Collette, N.V. Parin, and Martha S. Nizinski SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1992 ABSTRACT Collette, Bruce B., N.V. Parin, and Martha S. Nizinski. Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 525, 16 pages, 1992.—The known type specimens of beloniform fishes in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution published through 1991 are listed. These include 544 specimens including 50 holotypes, 5 lectotypes, 1 neotype, 1 syntype, 461 paratypes, and 26 paralectotypes of 76 nominal species and subspecies. Syntypes of two nominal species are missing. The list is arranged alphabetically by original genus and species. Information, as applicable, for each entry includes genus, subgenus, species, and subspecies; author(s) and date of publication; page(s) of original description and accompanying figures, plates, and tables; current type status; USNM catalog number, number of specimens and their present lengths; locality; collector; date collected; and current status of the nominal taxon. An index arranged by species follows the list. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress CalaJoging-in-Publication Data (Revised for volume 3) National Museum of Natural History (U.S.) Catalog of type specimens of recent fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. (Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 525) Includes bibliographic references and index. Contents: -v. 2. Blenniidae / Victor G. Springer, Jeffrey T. Williams, and Thomas M. Orrell-v.3. Beloniformes (Teleostei) / Bruce B. Collette, N.V. Parin, and Martha S. Nizinski. 1. Fishes-Catalogs and collections-Washington (D.C.). 2. Type specimens (Natural history)-Catalogs and collections-Washington (D.C.). 3. National Museum of Natural History (U.S.)-Catalogs. I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 519, etc. QL1.S54 no. 519, etc. 591s 90-28564 [QL618.15] [598* .074*753] ® The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48—1984. Contents Page Introduction 1 Format 1 Acronyms 2 Abbreviations 2 Acknowledgments 2 List of Types 3 ADRIANICHTHYIDAE 3 BELONIDAE 3 EXOCOETIDAE 6 HEMIRAMPHIDAE 8 SCOMBERESOCIDAE 12 Literature Cited 13 Species Index 16 in Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3: Beloniformes (Teleostei) Bruce B. Collette, N.V. Parin, and Martha S. Nizinski Introduction The collections of type specimens in the Division of Fishes, field work and systematic studies of curators and other National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, researchers associated with the Division, and (2) exchanges are among the largest in the world, including specimens from from colleagues and institutions worldwide. the freshwaters of all continents and from marine waters of all FORMAT.—The following template has been used to struc- seas. At the end of 1990 there were approximately 15,500 ture each entry in the "List of Types." putative type lots of fishes in these collections. The large number of lots in the type collections, the numerous undetected Genus (Subgenus) species (subspecies) Author(s), types in the general collection, and the diversity of taxa that yeanpage(s), figure(s), plate(s), table(s). they represent make it unrealistic to attempt to produce a Type status: USNM catalog number (number of specimens if comprehensive listing of all type specimens in the collections greater than one; length(s)). Locality (country, spe- within a reasonable time frame. It was decided, therefore, that cific locality); collector(s); date collected. If applica- type catalogs for each major taxonomic group would be ble, reference to lectotype, or paralectotype desig- prepared by appropriate specialists. Our catalog is the third of nation and previous depository and register number of the projected series. The first (Vari and Howe, 1991) addressed specimens are included. For primary type specimens, the characiform fishes, the second (Springer et al., 1991), the important meristic and morphometric data and blenniids. We treat the order Beloniformes because these fishes description of pigmentation are presented as aids for are the focus of ongoing research projects by the senior authors. identification of the taxon and the specimen. The type specimens of beloniform fishes in the collections of Our catalog includes all known beloniform types deposited the Division of Fishes came primarily from two sources, (1) the in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History through 1991. The order of listing is alphabetical by family, Bruce B. Collette and Martha S. Nizinski, Systematics Laboratory, genus, and then species. Both genus and species are spelled as National Marine Fisheries Service, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20560. N.V. they appear in the original description. Only the last names of Parin, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences of authors are given. the U.S.S.R., Moscow 117218, USSJi. The type status presented is that currently thought correct Review Chairman: James G. Mead, National Museum of Natural based on the original description and subsequent literature History, Smithsonian Institution. Reviewers: Eugenia Bohlke, Academy of Natural Sciences of designations. Categories for primary and secondary types used Philadelphia; Victor G. Springer and Richard P. Vari, National herein are holotype, syntype(s), lectotype, neotype, paratype(s), Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. and paralectotype(s) as defined in the ICZN (1985), articles 73 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY and 74. Missing types are indicated. A question mark in front of A total number of anal-fin rays. the type status indicates uncertainty concerning the speci- D total number of dorsal-fin rays. men^) in question, with the problem discussed further under HdL head length, distance from tip of upper jaw to that particular entry. Discrepancies between the number of posterior orgin of opercle. specimens originally reported and those we found in the lot are LJL lower jaw length, distance from tip of upper noted and discussed. The length cited for each specimen is the jaw to tip of lower jaw. present standard length (SL) in millimeters (mm), except for Pj number of pectoral-fin rays, sometimes given the Belonidae, where the cited length is the body length (BL, separately for both left and right sides. For posterior tip of opercle to caudal base). Locality data presented species of Exocoetidae, the unbranched reflect a composite of information pooled from the original spine-like rays are indicated by Roman description, notes in specimen jars, ledgers in the Division of numerals. Fishes, and cruise reports. Therefore, collection location
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