Successful Masculinity in Search of the Alpha Within
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MIAMI UNIVERSITY the Graduate School
MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Steven Almaraz Candidate for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy ______________________________________ Director Kurt Hugenberg ______________________________________ Reader Allen McConnell ______________________________________ Reader Jonathan Kunstman ______________________________________ Graduate School Representative Monica Schneider ABSTRACT APPARENT SOCIOSEXUAL ORIENTATION: FACIAL CORRELATES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WOMEN’S UNRESTRICTED APPEARANCE by Steven M. Almaraz People make quick work of forming a variety of impressions of one another based on minimal information. Recent work has shown that people are able to make judgments of others’ Apparent Sociosexual Orientation (ASO) – an estimation of how interested another person is in uncommitted sexual activity – based on facial information alone. In the present work, I used three studies to expand the understanding of this poorly understood facial judgment by investigating the dimensionality of ASO (Study 1), the facial predictors of ASO (Study 2), and the consequences of these ASO judgments on men’s hostility and benevolence towards women (Study 3). In Study 1, I showed that men’s judgments of women’s Apparent Sociosexual Orientation were organized into judgments of women’s appearance of unrestricted attitudes and desires (Intrapersonal ASO) and their appearance of unrestricted behaviors (Behavioral ASO). Study 2 revealed that more attractive and more dominant appearing women were perceived as more sexually unrestricted. In Study 3, I found that women who appeared to engage in more unrestricted behavior were subjected to increased benevolent sexism, though this effect was primarily driven by unrestricted appearing women’s attractiveness. However, women who appeared to have sexually unrestricted attitudes and desires were subjected to increased hostility, even when controlling for the effects of the facial correlates found in Study 2. -
Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory 1
Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory 1 RUNNING HEAD: Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory The revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory Lars Penke Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK Tel.: +44 131 6511304; fax: +44 131 6503461; email address: [email protected] Word count: 1,300 8 references, 1 table To appear as: Penke, L. (in press). The revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory. In T. D. Fisher, C. M. Davis, W. L. Yarber & S. L. Davis (Eds.): Handbook of sexuality- related measures (3 rd Ed.). Taylor & Francis. Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory 2 Purpose : The construct of sociosexuality or sociosexual orientation captures individual differences in the tendency to have casual, uncommitted sexual relationships. The term was introduced by Alfred Kinsey, who used it to describe the individual differences in sexual permissiveness and promiscuity that he found in his ground- breaking survey studies on sexual behavior (Kinsey, Pomeroy, & Martin, 1948; Kinsey, Pomeroy, Martin, & Gebhard, 1953). The amount of scientific research on sociosexuality increased markedly when Simpson and Gangestad (1991) published the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI), a 7-item self-report questionnaire that assesses sociosexual orientations along a single dimension from “restricted” (indicating a tendency to have sex exclusively in emotionally close and committed relationships) to “unrestricted” (indicating a tendency for sexual relationships with low commitment and investment, often after short periods of acquaintance and with changing partners). On average, men tend to be more unrestricted than women in their sociosexual orientations, though there are also large individual differences within both sexes (Schmitt, 2005). -
Sociosexuality, Testosterone, and Life History Status: Prospective Associations and Longitudinal Changes Among Men in Cebu, Philippines Lee T
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UNL | Libraries University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of and Family Studies 2019 Sociosexuality, testosterone, and life history status: Prospective associations and longitudinal changes among men in Cebu, Philippines Lee T. Gettler University of Notre Dame, [email protected] Patty X. Kuo University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Stacy Rosenbaum Northwestern University, [email protected] Josephine L. Avila University of San Carlos, [email protected] Thomas W. McDade Northwestern University, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub Part of the Developmental Psychology Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Other Psychology Commons, and the Other Sociology Commons Gettler, Lee T.; Kuo, Patty X.; Rosenbaum, Stacy; Avila, Josephine L.; McDade, Thomas W.; and Kuzawa, Christopher W., "Sociosexuality, testosterone, and life history status: Prospective associations and longitudinal changes among men in Cebu, Philippines" (2019). Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies. 267. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub/267 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Lee T. Gettler, Patty X. Kuo, Stacy Rosenbaum, Josephine L. -
Subjectivity in American Popular Metal: Contemporary Gothic, the Body, the Grotesque, and the Child
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Glasgow Theses Service Subjectivity In American Popular Metal: Contemporary Gothic, The Body, The Grotesque, and The Child. Sara Ann Thomas MA (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Arts University of Glasgow January 2009 © Sara Thomas 2009 Abstract This thesis examines the subject in Popular American Metal music and culture during the period 1994-2004, concentrating on key artists of the period: Korn, Slipknot, Marilyn Manson, Nine Inch Nails, Tura Satana and My Ruin. Starting from the premise that the subject is consistently portrayed as being at a time of crisis, the thesis draws on textual analysis as an under appreciated approach to popular music, supplemented by theories of stardom in order to examine subjectivity. The study is situated in the context of the growing area of the contemporary gothic, and produces a model of subjectivity specific to this period: the contemporary gothic subject. This model is then used throughout to explore recurrent themes and richly symbolic elements of the music and culture: the body, pain and violence, the grotesque and the monstrous, and the figure of the child, representing a usage of the contemporary gothic that has not previously been attempted. Attention is also paid throughout to the specific late capitalist American cultural context in which the work of these artists is situated, and gives attention to the contradictions inherent in a musical form which is couched in commodity culture but which is highly invested in notions of the ‘Alternative’. In the first chapter I propose the model of the contemporary gothic subject for application to the work of Popular Metal artists of the period, drawing on established theories of the contemporary gothic and Michel Foucault’s theory of confession. -
An Uncomfortable Book About Relationships
SNEAK PREVIEW. NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION. The TRUTH AN UNCOMFORTABLE BOOK ABOUT RELATIONSHIPS Neil Strauss New York Times Bestselling Author of THE GAME The TRUTH AN UNCOMFORTABLE BOOK ABOUT RELATIONSHIPS Neil Strauss The following pages contain one of the most ter- rifying and obscene words in the English language: commitment. Specifically the type of commitment that often precedes or follows love and sex. A lack of commitment, too much commitment, a poorly chosen commitment, and misunderstandings about commitment have led to murders, suicides, wars, and a whole lot of grief. They have also led to this book, which is an attempt to figure out where so many people go wrong, again and again, when it comes to relationships and marriage— and if there’s a better way to live, love, and make love. This, however, is not a journey that was undertaken for journalistic purposes. It is a painfully honest account of a life crisis that was forced on me as a consequence of my own behavior. Like most per- sonal journeys, it starts in a place of darkness, confusion, and foolishness. As such, it requires sharing a lot of things I’m not proud of— and a few things I feel like I should regret a whole lot more than I actually do. Because, unfortunately, I am not the hero in this tale. I am the villain. If you are reading this, please stop now. Do NOT turn the page. Ingrid, If this is you, really, don’t read this. Don’t you have email to check or something? Or have you seen the video with that cat who’s doing a human-like thing? It’s hilarious - - maybe you should watch it. -
Arousing Imaginations
Evolutionary Psychology www.epjournal.net – 2007. 5(4): 778-785 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Book Review Arousing Imaginations A review of Michael R. Kauth, (Ed.), Handbook of the Evolution of Human Sexuality, Haworth Press, Binghamton, NY, 2006, 395 pp., $50.00 (softbound), $130.00 (hardbound) Reviewed by David Puts, Ph.D. Department of Anthropology, 424 Carpenter Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802. Email: [email protected] In the quarter century since Donald Symons (1979) wrote The Evolution of Human Sexuality, research in this area has flourished. Michael Kauth’s edited volume Handbook of the Evolution of Human Sexuality (co-published as Volume 18, Numbers 2/3 and 4 2006 of the Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality) is therefore a welcome addition. Kauth assembles researchers in diverse areas of human sexuality, including heterosexual mate choice, sexual arousal and olfactory preferences, but the focus is heavily upon the evolution and development of homosexuality, with five of the book’s ten chapters centering on this topic. Given that only 2-3% of men and 1-2% of women report predominantly homosexual preferences, this focus may seem disproportionate. However, the volume is intended not to cover all aspects of human sexuality but to serve as a springboard for future research, a mission that it will undoubtedly accomplish. The scholarship in the Handbook is variable but generally good. The content is often heavy on speculation and light on evidence, which would be less concerning if authors acknowledged this more openly. Instead, the chapters of the Handbook often reify “facts” that are still quite theoretical—for example, Kauth’s statement that “physical symmetry and extravagant sexual ornamentation are ‘honest’ signals of health and genetic quality” (p. -
Masculinity, Homosociality, and Violence Among Fraternity Men
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Honors Scholar Theses Honors Scholar Program Spring 5-1-2020 Brothers as Men: Masculinity, Homosociality, and Violence Among Fraternity Men Daniel McCloskey [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation McCloskey, Daniel, "Brothers as Men: Masculinity, Homosociality, and Violence Among Fraternity Men" (2020). Honors Scholar Theses. 717. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses/717 Brothers as Men: Masculinity, Homosociality, and Violence Among Fraternity Men by Daniel T. McCloskey Honors Thesis and University Scholar Project Department of Anthropology University of Connecticut University Scholar Committee: Dr. Françoise Dussart, Chair Dr. Pamela Erickson Dr. Daisy Reyes Honors Advisor: Dr. Alexia Smith May 2020 McCloskey, 2020 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements 3 Chapter 1: Introduction 5 Chapter 2: Gender 14 Chapter 3: Masculinity 25 Chapter 4: Homosociality 43 Chapter 5: Violence 61 Chapter 6: Conclusions 78 Bibliography 82 Appendices 86 McCloskey, 2020 3 Acknowledgements As much as I have dedicated my time and energies to this thesis, this work would not have been possible without the insight and guidance of so many people including my committee, my professors, programs at the University of Connecticut, my friends, and my family. While there are not words in the English language to fully express my appreciation and gratitude to these individuals, I will now do my best to make an attempt. First and foremost, I must acknowledge the role of the committee that helped me through this project. I would like to thank Dr. Françoise Dussart for her guidance throughout this process. -
Prosociality and a Sociosexual Hypothesis for the Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction in Humans
fpsyg-10-02955 January 10, 2020 Time: 9:34 # 1 PERSPECTIVE published: 16 January 2020 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02955 Prosociality and a Sociosexual Hypothesis for the Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction in Humans Andrew B. Barron1* and Brian Hare2 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2 Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Center for Cognitive Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States Human same-sex sexual attraction (SSSA) has long been considered to be an evolutionary puzzle. The trait is clearly biological: it is widespread and has a strong additive genetic basis, but how SSSA has evolved remains a subject of debate. Of itself, homosexual sexual behavior will not yield offspring, and consequently individuals expressing strong SSSA that are mostly or exclusively homosexual are presumed to have lower fitness and reproductive success. How then did the trait evolve, and how is it maintained in populations? Here we develop a novel argument for the evolution of SSSA that focuses on the likely adaptive social consequences of SSSA. We argue that same sex sexual attraction evolved as just one of a suite of traits responding to strong selection for ease of social integration or prosocial behavior. A strong driver of Edited by: recent human behavioral evolution has been selection for reduced reactive aggression, Antonio Benítez-Burraco, University of Seville, Spain increased social affiliation, social communication, and ease of social integration. In many Reviewed by: prosocial mammals sex has adopted new social functions in contexts of social bonding, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, social reinforcement, appeasement, and play. We argue that for humans the social University of São Paulo, Brazil Rafael Lucas Rodriguez, functions and benefits of sex apply to same-sex sexual behavior as well as heterosexual University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, behavior. -
The Role of Chivalry in Medieval and Modern Society Grace M
HUMANITIES All Roads Lead to Homosociality: The Role of Chivalry in Medieval and Modern Society Grace M. McDougall Faculty Mentor: Dr. Karma Lochrie, Department of English, Indiana University Bloomington ABSTRACT This paper examines the role of chivalry in Marie de France’s lais, focusing on Guigemar with support from Bisclavret. One of the most-studied authors of the medieval period, Marie de France channels the values, anxieties, and societal dynamics of her time by both adhering to and pushing against literary norms. Guigemar and Bisclavret present near-perfect examples of knighthood according to chivalric norms, save for two flaws: Guigemar has no love for women, and Bisclavret is a werewolf. The treatment of these knights and their peculiarities reveals the strict expectations of masculinity and the risks of breaking from them. I pay particular attention to the importance of humility in chivalric masculinity and the ways in which their peculiarities affect their relationships, especially with other men. Guigemar shows that humility, rather than courage, martial skill, or courtesy, was the most important chivalric value. Humility is so essential because the main role of chivalry was to preserve the relationships between men that formed the basis of medieval society. I argue that understanding the cultural history of chivalry is important for modern audiences because the concept of chivalry is still used by many groups to legitimize and promote their interests and continues to shape our perceptions of masculinity and gender dynamics. While what we think of chivalry has changed greatly since Marie de France’s time, the ends of chivalry remain the same—to promote the interests of those in positions of power. -
An Exploration of Female and Male Homosocial Bonds in DH Lawrence's
Student ID: 200614777 ENGL3318: Final Year Project 2014/15 Dr Fiona Becket An exploration of female and male homosocial bonds in D. H. Lawrence’s ‘serious English novels’ ENGL 3318: Final Year Project Tutor: Dr Fiona Becket Student ID: 200614777 1 Student ID: 200614777 ENGL3318: Final Year Project 2014/15 Dr Fiona Becket Introduction………………………………………………………………… 3 I. Female Homosociality in The Rainbow………………………… 4 II. Female Homosociality in Women in Love……………………… 9 III. Male Homosociality in Women in Love………………………… 15 IV. Male Homosociality in Aaron’s Rod……………………………. 20 Conclusion………………………………………………………………….. 25 Bibliography………………………………………………………………… 26 2 Student ID: 200614777 ENGL3318: Final Year Project 2014/15 Dr Fiona Becket Introduction To focus exclusively on homosocial relationships, ‘the social bonds between persons of the same sex’, may seem like an odd choice when studying a writer like D. H. Lawrence.1 Lawrence himself stated that ‘The great relationship, for humanity, will always be the relation between man and woman. The relation between man and man, woman and woman, parent and child, will always be subsidiary.’2 His attitude towards sex, gender and the nature and importance of homosocial relationships, however, were subject to many changes throughout his career. These changes, I argue, are most visible in three closely related novels written across a seven-year span. The first is the female-focused narrative of The Rainbow, banned for obscenity upon publication due to its protagonist’s lesbian affair.3 The second is its sequel, Women in Love, best-known for the ambiguous relationship between its male protagonists, but whose female relationships are also worth studying. The last novel is Aaron’s Rod, a text in which the titular protagonist relinquishes his ties to his family and country and explores the possibilities of bonds with other men. -
American Masculinity and Homosocial Behavior in the Bromance Era
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Communication Theses Department of Communication Summer 8-2013 American Masculinity and Homosocial Behavior in the Bromance Era Diana Sargent Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses Recommended Citation Sargent, Diana, "American Masculinity and Homosocial Behavior in the Bromance Era." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2013. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses/99 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Communication at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AMERICAN MASCULINITY AND HOMOSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE BROMANCE ERA by DIANA SARGENT Under the Direction of Patricia Davis ABSTRACT This study examines and reflects upon the current “bromance” culture that has emerged in American society and aims to conceptualize how media texts relate to masculine hegemony. Attention to current media portrayals, codes of conduct, rituals, homosocial interaction, and con- structions of masculinity in American culture is essential for the evaluation of the current era of American masculinity. Mediated portrayals present an ironic position on male closeness, dictate how men should behave towards women and other men, and create real life situations in which these mediated expectations are fostered and put into practice. Textual analyses of the films Superbad and I Love You, Man and the television series How I Met Your Mother were conducted, as well as an ethnographic study of cult film audiences of The Room to better understand mani- festations of homosocial environments in mediated texts and in real life settings. -
Pick-Up Artists
PICK-UP ARTISTS PICk-UP ARTISTS PUA LINGO t’s 8pm on Friday at Ivy, horror or amusement 101 Could it be that any man who’s the modern PUA industry in the late Sydney’s classiest pick- as he makes a clumsy prepared to study PUA theory then put ’80s. Jeffries, a devotee of personal Cyber pulling up joint. I’m standing attempt to raunch Average Frustrated it into practice really can nail as many development programs, brought a five- Chump (AFC) next to pick-up artist things up. He doesn’t Men who enjoy limited success hot babes as he pleases? year dry patch to an end by using (PUA) coach Damien wait long. Paul with women due to a lack of Ever since women were Neuro-Linguistic Programming to seduce The mainstreaming of pick-up coaching coincided with the rise of online dating but, insight into them (that is, Chick crack surprisingly, seduction gurus have little advice to offer about how to bust a digital Diecke while he asks three abruptly leaves the most non-PUAs). Topics — such as royal invented, men have been women. He then began offering ‘Speed aspiring pants men — let’s set and returns to get weddings, Oprah’s weight issues, trying to work out how to Seduction’ seminars to men, training move on a girl. Here’s GQ’s tips: psychic abilities — it’s easy call them John, Paul and George — to Diecke’s feedback on his to engage women in get them in the sack. And, them in the Jedi mind tricks he deployed state their goals for the evening.