Anza Borrego State Park Flower Report
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From the Desert for the World the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research
From the Desert for the World The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research BIDR The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Drylands constitute more than 40 percent of the global land area and already hold more than 2.2 billion people. Environmental changes, such as global warming and further desertification of drylands, threaten 1.3 billion people in more than 100 countries. Produced by Cochy Abuharon, BIDR Public Relations Office Copywriting: Samara Bel, Maayan Jaffa Photos: Shira Dorfman, Dani Machlis, Wolfgang Motzafi-Haller Graphic Design: www.Image2u.co.il From the Director Dear Friends and Supporters, David Ben-Gurion had a vision of making the desert bloom. Since 1974, the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR) have been partners in this mission. Today, the Blaustein Institutes are international leaders in research related to the desert and the technologies required for sustainable development of drylands. The institutes are developing strategies that address the most pressing concerns of the modern world: providing food, water, and energy in increasingly resource-scarce areas. Our uniquely diverse multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research and advanced teaching activities are carried out in laboratories, classes and other facilities on the Sede Boqer Campus of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and in research stations and field sites scattered across the Negev Desert, as well as in various sites around the world. A team of about 70 scientists, 100 technical and administrative staff members, and more than 250 Israeli and international graduate students perform basic and applied research in the fields of water, energy, environmental physics, ecology, biotechnology, and agriculture. -
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Bibliography Compiled and Edited by Jim Dice
Steele/Burnand Anza-Borrego Desert Research Center University of California, Irvine UCI – NATURE and UC Natural Reserve System California State Parks – Colorado Desert District Anza-Borrego Desert State Park & Anza-Borrego Foundation Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Bibliography Compiled and Edited by Jim Dice (revised 1/31/2019) A gaggle of geneticists in Borrego Palm Canyon – 1975. (L-R, Dr. Theodosius Dobzhansky, Dr. Steve Bryant, Dr. Richard Lewontin, Dr. Steve Jones, Dr. TimEDITOR’S Prout. Photo NOTE by Dr. John Moore, courtesy of Steve Jones) Editor’s Note The publications cited in this volume specifically mention and/or discuss Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, locations and/or features known to occur within the present-day boundaries of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, biological, geological, paleontological or anthropological specimens collected from localities within the present-day boundaries of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, or events that have occurred within those same boundaries. This compendium is not now, nor will it ever be complete (barring, of course, the end of the Earth or the Park). Many, many people have helped to corral the references contained herein (see below). Any errors of omission and comission are the fault of the editor – who would be grateful to have such errors and omissions pointed out! [[email protected]] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As mentioned above, many many people have contributed to building this database of knowledge about Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. A quantum leap was taken somewhere in 2016-17 when Kevin Browne introduced me to Google Scholar – and we were off to the races. Elaine Tulving deserves a special mention for her assistance in dealing with formatting issues, keeping printers working, filing hard copies, ignoring occasional foul language – occasionally falling prey to it herself, and occasionally livening things up with an exclamation of “oh come on now, you just made that word up!” Bob Theriault assisted in many ways and now has a lifetime job, if he wants it, entering these references into Zotero. -
Making the Desert Bloom Facilitators Guide
Jewish National Fund Tu BiShvat in the Schools, 2020/5780 Making the Desert Bloom Facilitators Guide Intro to Jewish Long before there was Earth Day there was Tu BiShvat, the Jewish New Year for Trees, which falls on the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Shvat. Tu BiShvat marks the time National Fund when trees emerge from their winter sleep and begin a new cycle. It is a celebration and Tu BiShvat of spring’s rebirth and renewal, an appreciation of the interconnectedness of man and nature, and the marker by which a tree’s age is determined. Tu BiShvat has its roots in the Bible: “On the third day of creation, God created ‘seed- bearing plants, fruit trees after their kind, and trees of every kind bearing fruit with the seed in it’” (Genesis 1:11). God then put Adam in the garden to “till it and tend it” (2:15), making humans stewards of the earth. Tu BiShvat was the date used by farmers to calculate the year’s crop yield and determine the tithe that the Bible requires. It also marks the beginning and end of the first four years of a tree’s growth, during which it is forbidden to eat its fruit. As the Jewish Arbor Day, Tu BiShvat embodies the strong dedication to ecology, environmentalism, and conservation that Jewish National Fund has championed since its inception in 1901. Since the time of the Kabbalah, Sephardi Jews, originally from Spain, held a special Tu BiShvat Seder at which they ate 30 kinds of fruit from Israel: 10 whose outsides and insides were both eaten (like grapes), 10 whose outsides were eaten but whose insides were thrown away (like carobs), and 10 whose insides were eaten but whose outsides were thrown away (like almonds). -
North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave
North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave http://www.desertusa.com/desert.html In most modern classifications, the deserts of the United States and northern Mexico are grouped into four distinct categories. These distinctions are made on the basis of floristic composition and distribution -- the species of plants growing in a particular desert region. Plant communities, in turn, are determined by the geologic history of a region, the soil and mineral conditions, the elevation and the patterns of precipitation. Three of these deserts -- the Chihuahuan, the Sonoran and the Mojave -- are called "hot deserts," because of their high temperatures during the long summer and because the evolutionary affinities of their plant life are largely with the subtropical plant communities to the south. The Great Basin Desert is called a "cold desert" because it is generally cooler and its dominant plant life is not subtropical in origin. Chihuahuan Desert: A small area of southeastern New Mexico and extreme western Texas, extending south into a vast area of Mexico. Great Basin Desert: The northern three-quarters of Nevada, western and southern Utah, to the southern third of Idaho and the southeastern corner of Oregon. According to some, it also includes small portions of western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming. Bordered on the south by the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. Mojave Desert: A portion of southern Nevada, extreme southwestern Utah and of eastern California, north of the Sonoran Desert. Sonoran Desert: A relatively small region of extreme south-central California and most of the southern half of Arizona, east to almost the New Mexico line. -
June Temperature Trends in the Southwest Deserts of the USA (1950–2018) and Implications for Our Urban Areas
atmosphere Article June Temperature Trends in the Southwest Deserts of the USA (1950–2018) and Implications for Our Urban Areas Anthony Brazel School of Geographical Sciences & Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5302, USA; [email protected] Received: 7 November 2019; Accepted: 9 December 2019; Published: 11 December 2019 Abstract: Within the United States, the Southwest USA deserts show the largest temperature changes (1901–2010) besides Alaska, according to the most recent USA National Climate Assessment report. The report does not discuss urban effects vs. regional effects that might be evident in trends. Twenty-five temperature stations with ca. 68-year records (1950 to 2018) have been accessed from US Global Historical Climate Network archives. Land cover data are accessed from a National Land Cover Database. June results considering both urban and rural sites show an astounding rate per year change among sites ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 C for maximum temperatures and 0.01 to 0.11 C − ◦ ◦ for minimum temperatures ( 0.8 to 3.2 C, and 0.8 to 8.0 C for the entire period). For maximum − ◦ ◦ temperatures, almost half of the sites showed no significant trends at a stringent 0.01 level of statistical significance, but 20 of 25 were significant at the 0.05 level. For minimum temperatures, over 75% of sites were significant at the 0.01 level (92% at 0.05 level of significance). The urban-dominated stations in Las Vegas, Phoenix, Tucson, and Yuma show large minimum temperature trends, indicating emerging heat island effects. Rural sites, by comparison, show much smaller trends. -
Phoenix Active Management Area Low-Water-Use/Drought-Tolerant Plant List
Arizona Department of Water Resources Phoenix Active Management Area Low-Water-Use/Drought-Tolerant Plant List Official Regulatory List for the Phoenix Active Management Area Fourth Management Plan Arizona Department of Water Resources 1110 West Washington St. Ste. 310 Phoenix, AZ 85007 www.azwater.gov 602-771-8585 Phoenix Active Management Area Low-Water-Use/Drought-Tolerant Plant List Acknowledgements The Phoenix AMA list was prepared in 2004 by the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) in cooperation with the Landscape Technical Advisory Committee of the Arizona Municipal Water Users Association, comprised of experts from the Desert Botanical Garden, the Arizona Department of Transporation and various municipal, nursery and landscape specialists. ADWR extends its gratitude to the following members of the Plant List Advisory Committee for their generous contribution of time and expertise: Rita Jo Anthony, Wild Seed Judy Mielke, Logan Simpson Design John Augustine, Desert Tree Farm Terry Mikel, U of A Cooperative Extension Robyn Baker, City of Scottsdale Jo Miller, City of Glendale Louisa Ballard, ASU Arboritum Ron Moody, Dixileta Gardens Mike Barry, City of Chandler Ed Mulrean, Arid Zone Trees Richard Bond, City of Tempe Kent Newland, City of Phoenix Donna Difrancesco, City of Mesa Steve Priebe, City of Phornix Joe Ewan, Arizona State University Janet Rademacher, Mountain States Nursery Judy Gausman, AZ Landscape Contractors Assn. Rick Templeton, City of Phoenix Glenn Fahringer, Earth Care Cathy Rymer, Town of Gilbert Cheryl Goar, Arizona Nurssery Assn. Jeff Sargent, City of Peoria Mary Irish, Garden writer Mark Schalliol, ADOT Matt Johnson, U of A Desert Legum Christy Ten Eyck, Ten Eyck Landscape Architects Jeff Lee, City of Mesa Gordon Wahl, ADWR Kirti Mathura, Desert Botanical Garden Karen Young, Town of Gilbert Cover Photo: Blooming Teddy bear cholla (Cylindropuntia bigelovii) at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monutment. -
Imperial Irrigation District Final EIS/EIR
CHAPTER 7: REFERENCES preservation and management (Fielder, P. L. and S. K. Jain, eds.). Chapman and Hall. New York, NY. Pages 197-238. Hart, C. M., M. R. Gonzalez, E. P. Simpson, and S. H. Hurlbert. 1998. “Salinity and Fish Effects on Salton Sea Microecosystems: Zooplankton and Nekton.” Hydrobiologia. No. 381. pp. 129-152. Haug, E. A., B. A. Millsap, and M. S. Martell. 1993. “Burrowing owl (Speotyto cunicularia)” In The birds of North America, no. 61, (Poole, A. and F. Gill, eds.). Philadelphia, PA: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologist’s Union. Hazard, G. 2000. Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge. E-mail communication with Kelly Nielsen, CH2M HILL, July 12. Heinz, G. H. 1996. "Chapter 20 – Selenium in Birds." Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations. W. N. Beyer, G. H. Heinz, and A. W. Redmon (eds.). Lewis Publishers: Boca Raton, Florida. Heitmeyer, M. E., D. P. Connelly, and R. L. Pederson. 1989. “The Central Imperial and Coachella Valleys of California.” (L. M. Smith, R. L. Pederson, and R. M. Kiminski, eds.) Habitat Management for Migrating and Wintering Waterfowl in North America, pp. 475-505. Texas University Press, Lubbock, Texas. Hoffmeister, D. F. 1986. Mammals of Arizona. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press. Hunter, W. C., B. W. Anderson and R. D. Ohmart. 1985. Summer Avian Community Composition of Tamarix Habitats in Three Southwestern Desert Riparian Systems. In Riparian Ecosystems and Their Management: Reconciling Conflicting Uses. April 16-18, 1985, Tucson, Arizona. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-120. Pp. 128-134. Hunter, W.C., R.D. -
Section Four—Open Space Element
Open Space Element Section Four—Open Space Element 4.1 Introduction There are many ways that open space can be defined, but the following definition of open space is the one used in the Yuma County 2020 Comprehensive Plan. Open space is defined as any publicly owned and publicly accessible space or area characterized by great natural scenic beauty or whose existing openness, natural condition or present state of use, if retained, would maintain or enhance the conservation of natural or scenic resources. Arizona Revised Statutes §11-821(D)(1) requires that an open space element contained in a comprehensive plan have the following components: A comprehensive inventory of open space areas, recreational resources and designation of access points to open space areas and resources; an analysis of forecasted needs, policies for managing and protecting open space areas and re- sources and implementation strategies to acquire open space areas and further establish recrea- tional resources; and policies and implementation strategies designed to promote a regional sys- tem of integrated open space and recreational resources and a consideration of any existing re- gional open space plan. A rich variety of open spaces exists within Yuma County. Only a very small portion of the County is urbanized and over 91% of the unincorporated Yuma County is publicly owned. Much of the federally owned land and a small portion of state owned land in Yuma County is specifically designated and managed as open space areas. A comprehensive inventory of these designated open space areas as required under ARS §11-821(D)(1)(a) is contained in this ele- ment. -
THE DESERT FOUNTAIN HUMANE BORDERS December 2020
THE DESERT FOUNTAIN HUMANE BORDERS December 2020 COVER PHOTO: ED MCCULLOUGH HUMANE BORDERS, INC. ARIZONA OPENGIS FOR DECEASED MIGRANTS P.O. Box 27024, Tucson, Arizona 85726 humaneborders.org/migrant-death-mapping/ [email protected] www.humaneborders.org Page 1 HUMANE BORDERS RECEIVES ALFONSO GARCIA ROBLES HUMANITARIAN AWARD On December 11, 2020, Humane Borders received the Alfonso García Robles Humanitarian Award from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), a large public research university in Mexico (350,000 students). UNAM has an office here in Tucson at the University of Arizona. Alfonso Garci Robles was a co-winner of the 1982 Novel Peace Prize for his authorship of the 1967 Treaty of Tlatelolco, which established a nuclear-free zone in Latin America. UNAM recognizes the volunteers and staff of Humane borders “because it has excelled in the realization of work in defense, advocacy, protection or guarantee of the human rights of migrants with vulnerability.” We are delighted that our work, especially that of all of our volunteers, is recognized and meaningful to such a highly respected university in Mexico. Page 2 ABOUT DONATING TO HUMANE BORDERS by Doug Ruopp Everyone knows that southern Arizona has the saguaro dedicated staff and volunteer crew have kept things rolling. cacti, fascinating plants that develop their own shapes (and We are grateful to people from around the country who have personalities) over the years, and they are also amazing for supported us financially this year, and encourage all who are their ability to survive the heat. Young saguaro need water reading this to join us in doubling down and adapting by near the surface to survive, but the drought down here hasn’t donating what you can. -
Recommended Plants
Department of Community Development One City Plaza Yuma, AZ 85364 (928) 373-5175 RECOMMENDED PLANTS This list provides guidance when selecting plants for your landscape design project. The City’s Landscape Regulations state: “Landscaping materials are intended to contribute to the community-wide goals of beautification, energy conservation, and the conservation of the community’s water resources through the use of drought tolerant plants, efficient irrigation, reduced turf areas, and proper maintenance and the fundamentals of xeriscape landscaping.” Listed species are particularly well-adapted to Yuma’s desert climate and have low to moderate water use needs. In addition to low water use, the information provided in the tables describes the basic growth characteristics and maintenance requirements of each plant, including the following: Water Use: All plants included in this list are low-water-use species, but the Water Use column identifies the most water-conscious varieties. Each plant is classified as Low (L), Low to Moderate (L-M), or Moderate (M). Trees classified as Moderate water use will thrive in grassy areas with sprinkler irrigation. Litter: All plants produce litter when flowers, seedpods, or leaves drop, but some plants produce more than others. Each species is classified as producing minimal (MIN), moderate (MOD), or high (HI) litter. Carefully consider the placement of high-litter plants as they do require more maintenance. Pruning Season: Most plants need to be pruned only once a year. The best season to prune each species differs based on when it flowers, goes dormant, and other factors. Some species, particularly succulents and cactus, do not need to be pruned. -
Environmental Consequences
5-Mile Zone Protective and Regulatory Pumping Unit RMP/EA Water Rights The use of water in the 5-mile zone is regulated by (1) a 1989 Reclamation memorandum that is based in part on Public Law 93-320, as amended by Public Law 96-336; (2) IBWC 242 Minute; (3) existing water contracts; and (4) all applicable Federal and State regulations. Public Law 96-336 states that no contract shall be entered into that will impair the ability of the United States to continue to deliver to Mexico, on the Colorado River downstream from Morelos Dam, approximately 140,000 acre-feet of water annually, consistent with the terms contained in IBWC 242 Minute. Therefore, any request for water use from the study area would be subject to these limitations. Environmental Consequences Increased pumping from the aquifer, which could occur under alternatives that allow for development or land transfers or exchanges that would use or require more water, would affect groundwater availability in the study area. Some water use could occur in the 5-mile zone, west of the study area and outside of Reclamation’s jurisdiction, such as near the city of San Luis. Some elements of the alternatives could also affect groundwater quality. Following are the anticipated effects of each alternative. Alternative A Under Alternative A, if groundwater were used to meet the water needs of new developments, the aquifer could be lowered. However, the quantities needed should not adversely affect Reclamation=s ability to meet its water delivery obligations to Mexico unless total pumpage for the 5-mile zone approaches 160,000 acre-feet per year, the limit stipulated by IBWC 242 Minute. -
Potentials of the Microalgae Inoculant in Restoration of Biological Soil Crusts to Combat Desertification
Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2016) 13:2521–2532 DOI 10.1007/s13762-016-1074-4 REVIEW Potentials of the microalgae inoculant in restoration of biological soil crusts to combat desertification A. Lababpour1 Received: 29 December 2015 / Revised: 1 July 2016 / Accepted: 12 July 2016 / Published online: 20 July 2016 Ó Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2016 Abstract The world is presently faced to the many application of the microalgae inoculant is an encouraging calamities, mainly the increased and rapidly developing aspect for accelerating the BSC recovery of the arid and environmental changes, soil degradation as an example of semi-arid areas. However, further researches will help to such environmental problems which is correlated with the establish and consolidate the potential of the microalgae destructive effects of the sandstorms. Biological soil crust cells and their application in desertification programs in (BSC), a main component of soil, has various environ- large scales and in accordance with principles and mental functions including reduction in the erosion by requirements mandated by economic standards. increasing soil stability and providing a sanctuary for the growth of the taxa and vascular plants communities. Keywords Biotechnological productivity Á Destruction of BSC, which naturally can be recovered Erosion control Á Microalgal mat Á slowly in a long time processes, contributes to the deser- Soil community restoration Á Soil health tification and other environmental catastrophes. Therefore, accelerating the BSC recovery both the quality and the quantity of the crust development, especially in the desert Introduction areas, is of the prime interest. Recent advances in the BSC restoration have provided an immense potential for emu- Biological soil crust (BSC) has been the subject of interest of lating the natural restoration methods mainly through scientist from different science sectors, governments, com- providing soils with inoculant.