Street Drugs Exposed
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The ABC of Drugs
LSD Joint Liquor Morphine Breath DrugTest 5000 Gin Lane Intoxication Witches Cheerful Purity Law Skin Evidential DRUID Sensor SpeedballAlcohol Ban Dependency Cocaine Emotions Sober Legalization BAC Roadside Checkpoint Opioids Drunk Ritalin Amphetamines Crack F.W. Sertürner Spice Profit Corn Schnapps EthanolInebriated Industrial Safety Sympathetic Nervous System Opium Sampling Unable to DriveUnable to War on Drugs War Blood Drugs Limits Prohibition MDMA Labrador Tea Catalyzer Poison Traffic Prevention Locoweed Reactions HeroinKhat Soul Pretest Bootlegger Rights Urine Shamans Injection IntoxicantRoad Deaths High-risk Professions Sober Alcohol Saliva Illegal Tube CultureAuthor Synthetic Wine Pervitin VodkaShisha Ecstasy PPT Paracelsus Beer Marijuana Electrochemical Alcotest Sweat Approval Drugs – ABCs Enzyme Ankle Bracelet Here is a brief, factual tour of commonly used drugs – their active ingredients as well as methods of use, risks, prevalence (frequency of use), origin, and history. © Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA 1 Drugs – ABCS Drugs – ABCS and sleep-in ducing purposes; their consumed cannabis at least once in Origins and history: the coca bush inter national non-proprietary names their lives. 6.8 percent of the same age has been cultivated in South America Drugs – ABCs often end in -azepam: Diazepam, group have consumed it within the for a good 5,000 years. Its leaves may Lorazepam and Oxazepam. Trade names past twelve months – or one out of three only have been used for ritual activities include Valium, Librium, Rohypnol, people have experimented with cannabis. initially. When impoverishment set in with Tavor, and Praxiten. Risks: restricted physical and mental the Spanish conquest, large sections Form of consumption: as tablets capacity, coupled with self-overestimation; of the population used the plant to stave or injected intraveneously. -
Veterinary Toxicology
GINTARAS DAUNORAS VETERINARY TOXICOLOGY Lecture notes and classes works Study kit for LUHS Veterinary Faculty Foreign Students LSMU LEIDYBOS NAMAI, KAUNAS 2012 Lietuvos sveikatos moksl ų universitetas Veterinarijos akademija Neužkre čiam ųjų lig ų katedra Gintaras Daunoras VETERINARIN Ė TOKSIKOLOGIJA Paskait ų konspektai ir praktikos darb ų aprašai Mokomoji knyga LSMU Veterinarijos fakulteto užsienio studentams LSMU LEIDYBOS NAMAI, KAUNAS 2012 UDK Dau Apsvarstyta: LSMU VA Veterinarijos fakulteto Neužkre čiam ųjų lig ų katedros pos ėdyje, 2012 m. rugs ėjo 20 d., protokolo Nr. 01 LSMU VA Veterinarijos fakulteto tarybos pos ėdyje, 2012 m. rugs ėjo 28 d., protokolo Nr. 08 Recenzavo: doc. dr. Alius Pockevi čius LSMU VA Užkre čiam ųjų lig ų katedra dr. Aidas Grigonis LSMU VA Neužkre čiam ųjų lig ų katedra CONTENTS Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 7 SECTION I. Lecture notes ………………………………………………………………………. 8 1. GENERAL VETERINARY TOXICOLOGY ……….……………………………………….. 8 1.1. Veterinary toxicology aims and tasks ……………………………………………………... 8 1.2. EC and Lithuanian legal documents for hazardous substances and pollution ……………. 11 1.3. Classification of poisons ……………………………………………………………………. 12 1.4. Chemicals classification and labelling ……………………………………………………… 14 2. Toxicokinetics ………………………………………………………………………...………. 15 2.2. Migration of substances through biological membranes …………………………………… 15 2.3. ADME notion ………………………………………………………………………………. 15 2.4. Possibilities of poisons entering into an animal body and methods of absorption ……… 16 2.5. Poison distribution -
Fall TNP Herbals.Pptx
8/18/14 Introduc?on to Objecves Herbal Medicine ● Discuss history and role of psychedelic herbs Part II: Psychedelics, in medicine and illness. Legal Highs, and ● List herbs used as emerging legal and illicit Herbal Poisons drugs of abuse. ● Associate main plant and fungal families with Jason Schoneman RN, MS, AGCNS-BC representave poisonous compounds. The University of Texas at Aus?n ● Discuss clinical management of main toxic Schultes et al., 1992 compounds. Psychedelics Sacraments: spiritual tools or sacred medicine by non-Western cultures vs. Dangerous drugs of abuse vs. Research and clinical tools for mental and physical http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0703.htm disorders History History ● Shamanic divinaon ○ S;mulus for spirituality/religion http://orderofthesacredspiral.blogspot.com/2012/06/t- mckenna-on-psilocybin.html http://www.cosmicelk.net/Chukchidirections.htm 1 8/18/14 History History http://www.10zenmonkeys.com/2007/01/10/hallucinogenic- weapons-the-other-chemical-warfare/ http://rebloggy.com/post/love-music-hippie-psychedelic- woodstock http://fineartamerica.com/featured/misterio-profundo-pablo- amaringo.html History ● Psychotherapy ○ 20th century: un;l 1971 ● Recreaonal ○ S;mulus of U.S. cultural revolu;on http://qsciences.digi-info-broker.com http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/feature/c/38031/ http://en.wikipedia.org/nervous_system 2 8/18/14 Main Groups Main Groups Tryptamines LSD, Psilocybin, DMT, Ibogaine Other Ayahuasca, Fly agaric Phenethylamines MDMA, Mescaline, Myristicin Pseudo-hallucinogen Cannabis Dissociative -
Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com Ce4less.Com
Hallucinogens And Dissociative Drug Use And Addiction Introduction Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that cause alterations in perception, thought, or mood. This heterogeneous group has compounds with different chemical structures, different mechanisms of action, and different adverse effects. Despite their description, most hallucinogens do not consistently cause hallucinations. The drugs are more likely to cause changes in mood or in thought than actual hallucinations. Hallucinogenic substances that form naturally have been used worldwide for millennia to induce altered states for religious or spiritual purposes. While these practices still exist, the more common use of hallucinogens today involves the recreational use of synthetic hallucinogens. Hallucinogen And Dissociative Drug Toxicity Hallucinogens comprise a collection of compounds that are used to induce hallucinations or alterations of consciousness. Hallucinogens are drugs that cause alteration of visual, auditory, or tactile perceptions; they are also referred to as a class of drugs that cause alteration of thought and emotion. Hallucinogens disrupt a person’s ability to think and communicate effectively. Hallucinations are defined as false sensations that have no basis in reality: The sensory experience is not actually there. The term “hallucinogen” is slightly misleading because hallucinogens do not consistently cause hallucinations. 1 ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com How hallucinogens cause alterations in a person’s sensory experience is not entirely understood. Hallucinogens work, at least in part, by disrupting communication between neurotransmitter systems throughout the body including those that regulate sleep, hunger, sexual behavior and muscle control. Patients under the influence of hallucinogens may show a wide range of unusual and often sudden, volatile behaviors with the potential to rapidly fluctuate from a relaxed, euphoric state to one of extreme agitation and aggression. -
Myristica Fragrans) PICKLES
THE EFFECTS OF ENZYME INHIBITION ON THE MYRISTICIN CONTENT AND THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF NUTMEG (Myristica fragrans) PICKLES NUR AIN BINTI AB. RAHMAN UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA 2018 THE EFFECTS OF ENZYME INHIBITION ON THE MYRISTICIN CONTENT AND THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF NUTMEG (Myristica fragrans) PICKLES by NUR AIN BINTI AB. RAHMAN Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science September 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillah…all praises to Allah for His blessings and mercy from the beginning until the end of my studies. First and foremost, I would like to thank my beloved supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fazilah Ariffin for her support, constant guidance and encouragement throughout of my study journey. Her patient and constant advice increase my spirit and passion to keep going and complete my master project. I also want to express my appreciation to all of the lecturers in the School of Industrial Technology (PPTI) for their constructive comments and guidances that help in giving a positive impact and facilitate my project. Apart from that, I would like to acknowledge all laboratory staffs from PPTI including Mrs.Maizura, Mr. Maarof, Mr. Ghoni, Mr. Rahim and Mr. Khairul for their assistance and help throughout my master journey. Special thanks to all of my colleagues in PPTI for their efforts, support, knowledge sharing and motivation. Last but not least, my deepest gratitude to my parents Mr. Ab Rahman and Mrs. Mahani Yusoh as well as my siblings Nurul Wahidah Ab Rahman, Nurul Syahirah Ab Rahman, Nurul Izzati Ab Rahman and Nur Yasmin Haziqah Ab Rahman. -
A POCKET GUIDE to Kansas Red Hills Wildflowers
A POCKET GUIDE TO Kansas Red Hills Wildflowers ■ ■ ■ ■ By Ken Brunson, Phyllis Scherich, Chris Berens, and Carl Jarboe Sponsored by Chickadee Checkoff, Westar Energy Green Team, The Nature Conservancy in Kansas, Kansas Grazing Lands Coalition and Comanche Pool Prairie Resource Foundation Published by the Friends of the Great Plains Nature Center Table of Contents • Introduction • 2 Blue/Purple ■ Oklahoma Phlox • 6 ■ Twist-flower • 7 ■ Blue Funnel-lily • 8 ■ Purple Poppy Mallow • 9 ■ Prairie Spiderwort • 10 ■ Purple Ground Cherry • 11 ■ Purple Locoweed • 12 ■ Stevens’ Nama • 13 ■ Woolly Locoweed • 14 Easter Daisy ■ Wedge-leaf Frog Fruit • 15 ©Phyllis Scherich ■ Silver-leaf Nightshade • 16 Cover Photo: Bush ■ Prairie Gentian • 17 Morning-glory ■ Woolly Verbena • 18 ©Phyllis Scherich ■ Stout Scorpion-weed • 19 Pink/Red ■ Rayless Gaillardia • 20 ■ Velvety Gaura • 21 ■ Western Indigo • 22 ■ Pincushion Cactus • 23 ■ Scarlet Gaura • 24 ■ Bush Morning-glory • 25 ■ Indian Blanket Flower • 26 ■ Clammy-weed • 27 ■ Goat’s Rue • 28 White/Cream Easter Daisy • 29 Old Plainsman • 30 White Aster • 31 Western Spotted Beebalm • 32 Lazy Daisy • 33 Prickly Poppy • 34 White Beardtongue • 35 Yucca • 36 White Flower Ipomopsis • 37 Stenosiphon • 38 White Milkwort • 39 Annual Eriogonum • 40 Devil’s Claw • 41 Ten-petal Mentzelia • 42 Yellow/Orange ■ Slender Fumewort • 43 ■ Bladderpod • 44 ■ Indian Blanket Stiffstem Flax • 45 Flower ■ Lemon Paintbrush • 46 ©Phyllis Scherich ■ Hartweg Evening Primrose • 47 ■ Prairie Coneflower • 48 ■ Rocky Mountain -
Guideline for Preoperative Medication Management
Guideline: Preoperative Medication Management Guideline for Preoperative Medication Management Purpose of Guideline: To provide guidance to physicians, advanced practice providers (APPs), pharmacists, and nurses regarding medication management in the preoperative setting. Background: Appropriate perioperative medication management is essential to ensure positive surgical outcomes and prevent medication misadventures.1 Results from a prospective analysis of 1,025 patients admitted to a general surgical unit concluded that patients on at least one medication for a chronic disease are 2.7 times more likely to experience surgical complications compared with those not taking any medications. As the aging population requires more medication use and the availability of various nonprescription medications continues to increase, so does the risk of polypharmacy and the need for perioperative medication guidance.2 There are no well-designed trials to support evidence-based recommendations for perioperative medication management; however, general principles and best practice approaches are available. General considerations for perioperative medication management include a thorough medication history, understanding of the medication pharmacokinetics and potential for withdrawal symptoms, understanding the risks associated with the surgical procedure and the risks of medication discontinuation based on the intended indication. Clinical judgement must be exercised, especially if medication pharmacokinetics are not predictable or there are significant risks associated with inappropriate medication withdrawal (eg, tolerance) or continuation (eg, postsurgical infection).2 Clinical Assessment: Prior to instructing the patient on preoperative medication management, completion of a thorough medication history is recommended – including all information on prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, “as needed” medications, vitamins, supplements, and herbal medications. Allergies should also be verified and documented. -
Roth 04 Pharmther Plant Derived Psychoactive Compounds.Pdf
Pharmacology & Therapeutics 102 (2004) 99–110 www.elsevier.com/locate/pharmthera Screening the receptorome to discover the molecular targets for plant-derived psychoactive compounds: a novel approach for CNS drug discovery Bryan L. Rotha,b,c,d,*, Estela Lopezd, Scott Beischeld, Richard B. Westkaempere, Jon M. Evansd aDepartment of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH, USA bDepartment of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH, USA cDepartment of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH, USA dNational Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Case Western Reserve University Medical School, Cleveland, OH, USA eDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA Abstract Because psychoactive plants exert profound effects on human perception, emotion, and cognition, discovering the molecular mechanisms responsible for psychoactive plant actions will likely yield insights into the molecular underpinnings of human consciousness. Additionally, it is likely that elucidation of the molecular targets responsible for psychoactive drug actions will yield validated targets for CNS drug discovery. This review article focuses on an unbiased, discovery-based approach aimed at uncovering the molecular targets responsible for psychoactive drug actions wherein the main active ingredients of psychoactive plants are screened at the ‘‘receptorome’’ (that portion of the proteome encoding receptors). An overview of the receptorome is given and various in silico, public-domain resources are described. Newly developed tools for the in silico mining of data derived from the National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program’s (NIMH-PDSP) Ki Database (Ki DB) are described in detail. -
MDA) Analogs and Homologs
Terry A. Dal Cason, 1 M.Sc. An Evaluation of the Potential for Clandestine Manufacture of 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) Analogs and Homologs REFERENCE: Dal Cason, T. A., "An Evaluation of the Potential for Clandestine Manu- facture of 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) Analogs and Homologs," Journal of Forensic Sciences, JFSCA, Vol. 35, No.3, May 1990, pp. 675-697. ABSTRACT: Encountering a novel controlled-substance analog (designer drug) has become a distinct possibility for all forensic drug laboratories. 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in particular is a receptive parent compound for the molecular modifications which produce such homo logs and analogs. The identification of these compounds, however, can prove to be an arduous task. It would be desirable to direct the focus of the identification to those compounds which are the more likely candidates for clandestine-laboratory synthesis. The process of narrowing the range of theoretical possibilities to logical choices may be enhanced by using a suitable predictive scheme. Such a predictive scheme for MDA analogs is presented based on putative Central Nervous System activity, existence or formulation of a reasonable synthesis method, and availability of the required precursors. KEYWORDS: toxicology, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, drug identification To circumvent statutes enacted to control the use of various dangerous drugs (controlled substances), clandestine laboratory operators will sometimes make minor alterations in the molecular structure of a parent compound. These structural changes are reflected in the chemical nomenclature of the new analog or homolog, and, in the past/ had effectively removed it from the purview of the law. Such modifications, at least in the case of 3,4- methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), do not appear to be haphazard. -
Solutions to Locoweed Poisoning in New Mexico and the Western
Solutions to Locoweed Poisoning in New Mexico and the Western United States: Collaborative research between New Mexico State University and the USDA– Agricultural Research Service Poisonous Plant Lab Item Type text; Article Authors Graham, David; Creamer, Rebecca; Cook, Daniel; Stegelmeier, Bryan; Welch, Kevin; Pfister, Jim; Panter, Kip; Cibils, Andres; Ralphs, Michael; Encinias, Manny; McDaniel, Kirk; Thompson, David; Gardner, Kevin Citation Graham, D., Creamer, R., Cook, D., Stegelmeier, B., Welch, K., Pfister, J. … & Gardner, K. (2009). Solutions to Locoweed Poisoning in New Mexico and the Western United States: Collaborative research between New Mexico State University and the USDA–Agricultural Research Service Poisonous Plant Lab. Rangelands, 31(6), 3-8. DOI 10.2111/1551-501X-31.6.3 Publisher Society for Range Management Journal Rangelands Rights Copyright © Society for Range Management. Download date 26/09/2021 15:03:18 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/640694 Society for Range Management Solutions to Locoweed Poisoning in New Mexico and the Western United States Collaborative research between New Mexico State University and the USDA–Agricultural Research Service Poisonous Plant Lab By David Graham, Rebecca Creamer, Daniel Cook, Bryan Stegelmeier, Kevin Welch, Jim Pfi ster, Kip Panter, Andres Cibils, Michael Ralphs, Manny Encinias, Kirk McDaniel, David Thompson, and Kevin Gardner Introduction from producers, D. Graham, unpublished data, 2004). By D. Graham Much of this reduction can be attributed to the “technology ocoweed is the most widespread poisonous plant transfer” to producers from the ongoing collaborative problem in the western United States. -
Psychedelic Drugs
108 PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS HENRY DAVID ABRAHAM UNA D. MCCANN GEORGE A. RICAURTE As defined in this chapter, the term psychedelic drugs includes 14.1%, and 7.2% of Danes reported the use of hallucino- both classic hallucinogens [i.e., indolalkylamines and phe- genic mushrooms (3). nylalkylamines, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and In the United States, a survey of 633 undergraduates mescaline, respectively], ‘‘dissociative’’ drugs [i.e., arylcyclo- found that 23.8% had experimented with hallucinogenic hexamines, such as phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine], and mushrooms, and 16.3% had had experience with LSD. substituted amphetamine analogues [i.e., phenylpropano- Among LSD users, 6.6% reported problems associated with lamines, such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine LSD (Abraham and Koob, unpublished data). Of this group, (MDMA, ‘‘ecstasy’’)]. The use of psychedelic drugs dates 46.9% reported symptoms of hallucinogen persisting per- from the dawn of recorded history and continues today. ception disorder (HPPD), 37.5% described alcohol depen- Indeed, in Western culture, their use appears to be on the dence, 25% major depression, 18.8% persisting delusions, rise. Despite the longstanding popularity of psychedelic 15.6% panic attacks, and 12.5% auditory hallucinations. drugs, controlled research evaluating their effects in humans LSD use is most likely to occur between the ages of 18 and has been surprisingly scant, and data from preclinical studies 25. Use is more common in male Caucasians and Hispanics. have been largely limited to the last several decades. This Of note is that although the parents of LSD users tend to chapter reviews preclinical and clinical research involving be of a higher socioeconomic status, the users themselves indolalkylamines, arylcyclohexamines, and substituted am- exhibit an inverse relationship between LSD use and educa- phetamines, for which LSD, PCP, and MDMA are used as tional achievement (4). -
From the Ground Up
Spring 2015 Volume 6, Issue 1 From the Ground Up A Gardening and Native Plants Quarterly Colorado State University Extension-Pueblo County 701 Court Street · Suite C · Pueblo, CO 81003 · 719-583-6566 · [email protected] FABULOUS FAMILIES FERNS by Ed Roland, Native Plant Master, 2009 Most ferns inhabit cool, moist canyons in this part of Colorado, but their habitats range from arid deserts to north of the Arctic Circle. They can be found as epiphytes ("air plants" without a true root system) in the canopy of a tropical rain forest, or as tiny water-borne species in salt-water lagoons. Tree ferns, reaching over 80 feet into the air with 15-foot fronds, grow into dense thickets in many tropical habitats. With fossils dating back to the Devonian (c. 400 MYA), ferns are viewed by paleobotanists as critical pioneer species in the development of our modern ecologies. For example, the fossil record shows that ferns dominated for millions of years after an estimated 6-mile diameter asteroid impacted the earth (at the end of the Cretaceous about 65 million years ago), making it impossible for most seed-bearing plants to survive. Long before that, ferns were so prevalent that they are the primary components of our coal deposits. While some species of ferns in lower elevations take on a morphology more akin to a grass or clover, what I'm describing here are the "true ferns" we're more likely to encounter in our higher elevation mountain drainages. These ferns have the compound leaves we call "fronds." Fronds are typically dissected into "pinnae" and, if bi-pinnately compound, then "pinnules." (See Photo A.) With an estimated 12,000 plus species world-wide, the vast majority of which are true ferns in the phylum (or, for botanists, "division") Filicinophyta, ferns are by far the most diverse of the Photo A: Section of a bi-pinnately compound Male seedless plants.