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Cyberterrorisme Et Nouveau Messianisme / the Matrix, Des Frères A Document généré le 1 oct. 2021 02:37 Spirale Arts • Lettres • Sciences humaines Cyberterrorisme et nouveau messianisme The Matrix, des frères A. & L. Wachowski. États-Unis, 136 minutes, 1999 Josh Oreck, The Matrix Revisited. États-Unis, 123 minutes, 2001 Michaël La Chance Les folies de Dieu : les lieux du religieux Numéro 184, mai–juin 2002 URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/17125ac Aller au sommaire du numéro Éditeur(s) Spirale magazine culturel inc. ISSN 0225-9044 (imprimé) 1923-3213 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article La Chance, M. (2002). Cyberterrorisme et nouveau messianisme / The Matrix, des frères A. & L. Wachowski. États-Unis, 136 minutes, 1999 / Josh Oreck, The Matrix Revisited. États-Unis, 123 minutes, 2001. Spirale, (184), 15–18. Tous droits réservés © Spirale magazine culturel inc., 2002 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. https://www.erudit.org/fr/ CYBERTERRORISME ETNOUVEA U MESSIANISME THE MATRIX, des frère s A. & L. Wachowski États-Unis, 136 minutes, 1999. THE MATRIX REVISITED de Josh Oreck États-Unis, 123 minutes, 2001. Le désir de rencontre par téléphonecellulair elivr édan sun eenvelopp e à son individualité : c'est à ce prix que notre Le système contrôle ce que nous appelons réa­ Federal Express,lorsqu e Morpheus (Dieu,o u du destin nous appartient. lité, il nous tient par notre besoin de nous sen­ moins Jean-Baptiste, son prophète tout-puis­ La prise de contact est inespérée pour celui tir réels.L'humai n estdeven u prothèsed el a ma­ sant),qu ivoi t tout (comme lespectateu r devant qui cherche, mais il ne se donne peut-être pas chine; celle-ci peut prendre forme humaine un film), peut utiliser le hasard et le rendre si­ assez à sa quête, ou peut-être n'est-il pas à la pour mieuxcontrôle r notre illusion et dissoudre gnificatif, peut insérer des signes dans une re­ hauteur des indicesqu i luison t accordés.Né o ne les résistances. Car, dans le « réticulé serré des présentation pour rappeler aux acteurs qu'ils parvient pas à suivre les instructions de Mor­ micro-pouvoirs » (Foucault), tous les individus sont sur une scènee tle srenseigne r sur la nature pheus jusqu'au bout, ils efai t rattraper par lesys ­ peuvent devenir des agents de contrôle, ou plu­ de cette représentation. tème. Quels risques sommes-nous prêts à tôt des archi-agents, qui viendront défendre la prendre pour fuir un danger dont nous ne machine-réalité, le système infocratique. Tho­ sommes pas sûr qu'il soit bien réel? Inverse­ mas Anderson, alias Néo, employé de la firme Lapris e e n charg ed udesti n ment :plutô t que de risquer sa viedan s la fuite, Metacortex quiassur el etissag eliss ee tsan sbor d Morpheus est omniprésent, il voit l'arrivée des on préfère temporiser en alléguant que la me­ de la réalité illusoire, passe à travers l'écran- agents, il peut guider Néo entre les cloisons du nace n'est pas réelle.C'es t l'avantage que le mal fenêtre deso n ordinateur : e n fait, ilétai t « dan s » bureau. Comment Morpheus peut-il voir ces asu r nous : o n nel evoi t pasveni r et lorsqu'il est l'ordinateur et retombe dans le réel. Néo avait choses sinon d'appartenir à un autre monde, lào n préfère lecroir e irréel.C'es t encore lepou ­ lancé le moteur de recherche de son ordinateur comme un programmeur surveille l'environne­ voir du système de décider ce qui est réel et ce « searching... », il cherchait la réalité — et dé­ ment computationnel qu'il a créé . Vic opostulai t qui ne l'est pas. Néo éprouve une grande ambi­ couvre aussitôt que c'est lui qui est activement que Dieu connaît le monde parce qu'il l'a créé. valence àl'égar d de cette prise en charge de son recherché ( pa r les Agentsd u monde et par Mor­ Reformulation contemporaine de ce postulat : destin par des puissances extérieures.Aspec tné­ pheus, leche f de la résistance sous-mondaine). on connaît cequ el'o n contrôle. Morpheus aver­ gatif decett e prise en charge : u n parasite-robot Chez Néo, et aussi chez les résistants qui le tit Néo : ils te surveillent. Ce dernier ressent s'infiltre en nous par le nombril, de mécanique contacteront, la conviction est forte, mais c'est l'ambivalence du sentiment d'être surveillé : il devient organique, version miniature des la « questio n » qu ies t lemoteu r leplu s puissant. notre destin intéresse des puissances externes dark-bots tentaculaires qui cultivent leschamp s L'action estdéclenché epa r cettecollusio n des parce que nous serions une pièce importante de où «poussen t » les humains. En fait, son destin quêtes,ell es'annonc e par uneséri e de prises de leurproje t global.Quell ees tl anatur ed ec epro ­ ne lui apparaît plus aussi simple qu'avant, lors­ contact. Premier contact :Né o chambre 303, re­ jet? On aura cru un instant que ledesti n deshu ­ qu'il luifau t naviguer entreplusieur s (6) niveaux çoit un message; c'est une annonciation- mains est pris en charge par les machines, mais ontiques. affichage vert phosphore à l'écran de son ordi­ cedesti n estbientô t prise n chargepa r une quête D'abord, lenivea u o- lesous-mond e ou l'im­ nateur. Une présence occulte cherche à prendre qui transcende les machines. Avec Matrix, les monde, les entrailles du monde patrouillées par contact. Un rapprochement entre le monde des frères A&L Wachowski ont réussi une combi­ desméduse smécaniques , le drain ontique,l'égou t états mentaux altérés par des psychotropes naison deSiddhârt a (H.Hesse ) etd e Vingtmill e de l'histoire qui jaillit pour avaler et désagréger. (mescaline) et le monde digital (jeux dans le lieuessou sle smer s( J . Verne) . Le capitaine Nemo 1- Au-dessus du sous-monde :l'extensio n pure virtuel) est suggéré. Choi, le « client » auquel est en guerre contre la société, Morpheus mène de lavi e indéterminée. 2-C equ i permet d'envi­ Néovien t devendr ede sdrogue s numériques,n e une guérilla sous-mondaine contre les ma­ sager l'humanité non asservie, le corps non manquepa sd'appele r Néoso nsauveur ,so nJésus - chinestandi squ e leprinc e Siddhârta sort du pa­ atrophié, le Soi tel qu'il est révélé par l'Oracle. Christ personnel. Chimique ou numérique, tout lais de l'illusion. 2-3 Mais la vie est harnachée et nous sommes cela relève du même simulacre comme l'atteste Quelle est cette quête supérieure : je maintenus dans un sommeil nymphal,un eexis ­ la référence à Jean Baudrillard, dont le livre cherche mon père (Morpheus, Nemo), ou plu­ tence larvaire. Nous restons enfermés dans la Simulacra & Simulation a été évidé au chapitre tôt lepèr e (Dieu) cherche lefils (Jésus) .Jésus - prison de l'esprit, tandis que le monde devient «O n Nihilism »pou r ydissimule r la drogue. Néo sera l'initiateur d'un monde régénéré, la désert. Dansl edéser t du réel,l'humanit é estpé­ Ledeuxièm e contact provient de l'ange Tri­ réincarnation du premier homme qui, bien pinière d'embryons, ferme de piles bioélec­ nity. En la voyant, Néo, soulignant l'ambiguïté que «n é » dan s la Matrice, avait la capacité de triques. 3- Au-dessus s'étend le réseau, qui dé­ sexuelle des chats, s'écrie : « Jesus I thoughtyo u changer la Matrice. Plus tard, ce sentiment ploie l'illusion de l'être. La réalité rendue where a guy. »C equ i peut s'entendre dediverse s d'être surveillé, l'anxiété de participer à un possiblesou sconditio n descontrainte s du sym­ façons : je croyais que Jésus était un homme. projet occulte — tout cela trouvera une ac­ bolique.L apilul e rouge permet d'entrouvrir un L'ambiguïté homme/femme est aussi céleste/ ceptation béatifique. Mais pour l'instant, il entre-deux (Bardo), celui où Néo rencontre terrestre. Letroisièm e contact (se.5) s'effectuera faut surmonter la crainte de devoir renoncer Morpheus. 5- Au-dessus du réseau s'ancre la 15 CYBERTERRORISME ET NOUVEAU MESSIANISME «Représentatio n »,l e monde-voile de l'illusion synthétique des apparences nous découvrons comme image, il peut surtout aller plus vite. du social : la Matrice. La pilule bleue renforce notre vraie nature : larvaire, dépendante. Le L'adepte du Kung Fu va plus vite que ses adver­ cette intoxication hallucinogène qui est en fait «rée l »es t une immense ruche de capsules pla­ saires :c'es t depuis cette accélération qu'il voit une simulation neuro-interactive généralisée, centaires dans lesquelles nos corps sont réduits lesautres ,le schose s lui paraissent au ralenti,c e unetram eonto-oniriqu e conçuepa r ordinateur. à des pilesbio-électriques .Antoni n Artaud avait qui lui permet de démultiplier les mouvements 4- Percer le voile (en 5),découvri r la puissance eu cette vision : « Le corps humain est une pile à l'intérieur d'un même instant, ses perfor­ du réticulé (en 3), nous donne la capacité de électrique chez qui on a châtré et refoulé les dé­ mances neuro-kinétiques gagnent de vitesse les nous projeter dans un théâtre, de nous Action­ charges,don t o n aorient é ver s l a vie sexuelle les ca ­ simulations neuro-interactives del a Matrice.
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