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Use Style: Paper Title JNROnline Journal Journal of Natural Remedies ISSN: 2320-3358 (e) Vol. 21, No. 7(S3). 2020 ISSN: 0972-5547(p) SWOT ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY FOR WRITTEN BATIK IN PAKANDANGAN BARAT VILLAGE IN THE ERA OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY Alwiyah1, Sayyida2 1,2Universitas Wiraraja Sumenep ABSTRACT The management of the written batik industry still manages conventionally, not yet optimal in the use of technology, so that the local government only makes advocacy efforts and provides assistance to batik artisans in partial and sectoral forms, not comprehensive and holistic. Regional autonomy must open opportunities for provincial governments to develop local and regional policies to optimize the utilization of economic potential in the Sumenep Regency. So this study aims to describe the history of written batik, describe the production process to analyze resistance and stimulant factors for the development of written batik, as well as the backward and forward linkages of the printed batik industry in West Pakandangan Village, Sumenep Regency in the era of regional autonomy. This study uses a SWOT analysis method that produces Diversification Business Strategy and qualitative research with primary and secondary data obtained from interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with 23 informants. This study expects entrepreneurial skills to be disseminated to young artisans to be productive, motivate young artisans to love and be proud of Sumenep written batik, to maintain the characteristics, uniqueness, and printed batik motifs that contain historical values and utilize information technology. Keywords: Batik Writing, Sumenep, SWOT, Regional Autonomy INTRODUCTION Batik is a cultural property of the Indonesian nation that the world [1]. In support of Indonesia's factual history, educational [2], scientific and cultural organizations from the United Nations (UN) or the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have provided confirmation. On 2 October 2009, Indonesian batik was designated by UNESCO as a humanitarian heritage for oral and non-material culture [3]. Batik is a product of the archipelago, but in its journey impressed that batik is a cultural product in Java alone, even though Madura Island also has hand-written batik which has passed on for generations [4]. Yet the history of batik in Madura developed according to the dynamics that took place in each region. Based on history, the oldest palace in Madura Island has existed since 1269, namely the palace in Sumenep Regency [5]. While batik craft is in the palace environment, it can explain that Sumenep Regency is an area where batik is known in Madura. However, when compared with the development of batik in other Madura regions, such as the Batik TanjungBumiBangkalan, Batik Sumenep is still unable to compete with the development of Batik TanjungBumi that has been known nationally and even on an international scale [6][7]. Referring to the story of the Jokotole government (1415-1460), the history of batik in Sumenep is related to the daughter of Prince Secadiningrat II named PotreKoneng[8]. The beautiful princess is said to have exiled and entrusted her child in the village of West Pakandangan, District of Bluto, to an empu named EmpuKelleng. Potrekoneng was the first person to teach written batik to the community in the West Pakandangan village of Sumenep Regency, which has become the center of the batik industry Sumenep Regency. Batik in DesaPakandangan Barat has experienced its heyday by joining batik entrepreneurs[9] with the Indonesian Batik Cooperative Association (GKBI) based in Yogyakarta. However, West Pakandangan batik declined in 1965, along with the emergence of economic and political problems. Batik Pakandangan Barat began to develop again in the 2000s. Data on the batik industry in Sumenep Regency based on information from stakeholders in the Sumenep district varies. According to the Sumenep Regency Industry Office, there are 42 batik industries [10]. According to the cooperative service, there are 12 batik industries, and 50% located 37 Journal of Natural Remedies Vol. 21, No. 7(S3), (2020) in West Pakandangan[11]. However, based on observations, in 2015, there were only six batik industries in Sumenep regency centered in the West Pakandangan village, and only 3 sectors were still in production [12]. Law Number 22 the Year 1999 and Law Number 25 the Year 1999 provide renewal in the government's authority, especially the regional government [13]. After enacting the two laws, the provincial government and the local community take care of the house and are responsible for the household of their respective regions [14]. There is no dominance of the central government for the area. The central government only monitors and evaluates the process of implementing regional autonomy. With local self-government, the government and society are demanded and stimulated to be more creative in developing their regional resources [15], both human and natural resources they have. If the government and the people in a region are smart and creative in managing the resources owned by their territory, the district will be far more advanced [16]. The earth is advancing not because of natural resources, but because of human creativity. With regional autonomy, local governments expected to improve services that will impact the prosperity of their communities. Besides, with regional autonomy, the government and the community are expected to be able to optimize the local economic resources of the region [17]. The birth of the regional autonomy law should give birth to the Sumenep Regency Regional Regulation, which supports the development of the batik industry. As a cultural property with high artistic value, Sumenep batik will increase the potential of other regions, such as tourism [18]. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Batik Pakandangan Barat Sumenep Regency is now experiencing a shift with contemporary Batik. Initially, buyers bought Batik because of its artistic and cultural value. Still, currently, they are experiencing a change of buyer interest, from being oriented initially to sacred things (quality) to commercial expressions of art (quantity). History and Condition of the Written Batik Industry in DesaPakandangan Barat Batik, written in the village of West Pakandangan, Sumenep Regency, has existed since the time of the Kingdom of Sumenep in the era of the first king, Aria Wiraraja, in 1269 [19]. The first appearance of batik among the Sumenep Palace family.The development of batik in the West Pakandangan village because the village of West Pakandangan is a seclusion place of PottreKoneng. While waiting for the birth process, PottreKoneng taught the batik process to women in DesaPakandangan Barat. The written batik industry in the village of West Pakandangan, Sumenep Regency, has been developing since the 1960s. Previously there were six batik industries in the town. Over time, now there are only three batik industries that are still producing. The concept of production in the West Batik Industry PakandanganSumenep The concept of Sumenep batik industry production consists of three main elements, namely input, process, output. It is supported by other items, namely suppliers and the government, as the policymaker. Input. Inputs include raw materials (cloth), auxiliary materials (waxes, natural dyes, and chemical dyes, batik equipment, canting, furnaces, pans, pans, dyeing places, drying and plastic containers, storage/display cases), artisans (batik residents), areas to make batik (fixed assets, ie, business houses), personal funds, and entrepreneurial managerial abilities. Only a small portion of batik raw materials can obtain from the local area. These raw materials are natural dyes derived from the area around the village of West Pakandangan, Sumenep Regency. While the majority of raw materials and supporting materials obtained in Surabaya. The distance of Sumenep-Surabaya, which is 182 km, must be taken approximately 4 hours. The large amount of raw materials derived from Surabaya causes the acquisition of high raw material prices so that production costs are not efficient [20]. This is not in line with the modern theory of Alfred Weber, who said that the industry's location should have the most minimal cost [21]. The written batik industry in the village of Pakandangan, Sumenep Regency, is located around 182 Km Surabaya where the acquisition of raw materials is in Surabaya, so the transportation costs are relatively expensive [22]. The industry's 38 Journal of Natural Remedies Vol. 21, No. 7(S3), (2020) exact location is close to where raw materials are obtained, reducing production costs and increasing profits. Process. The process of making batik starts from the selection and cutting of fabric, setting, patterning/drawing, tunneling, filling, scraping, wall printing, dyeing, slitting, and packaging/storage. Input Process Output - Batik craftsmen Batik Ready to Sell - Fabric (material) Batik clothes Fabric Cutting - natural color - chemical color - Night Setup - Batik equipment - Craftsman managerial Patterning / painting The degree of skills variability of the Marketing and - Fixed assets (home length of the Distribution Kelowong solution is and place of batik) influenced by the - Funds (personal) complexity of the Price and promotion - Supplier Filling pattern and the strategies, competitors level of and competition craftsmanship of Dab the craftsman Nembok Dyeing Pelorotan Packaging Government: Support training to increase new workforce and marketing Figure
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