3-Methyladenine DNA Glycosylases: Structure, Function, and Biological Importance Michael D
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LIG1 Antibody Cat
LIG1 Antibody Cat. No.: 26-847 LIG1 Antibody Specifications HOST SPECIES: Rabbit SPECIES REACTIVITY: Human, Mouse Antibody produced in rabbits immunized with a synthetic peptide corresponding a region IMMUNOGEN: of human LIG1. TESTED APPLICATIONS: ELISA, WB LIG1 antibody can be used for detection of LIG1 by ELISA at 1:62500. LIG1 antibody can be APPLICATIONS: used for detection of LIG1 by western blot at 1 μg/mL, and HRP conjugated secondary antibody should be diluted 1:50,000 - 100,000. POSITIVE CONTROL: 1) 721_B Cell Lysate PREDICTED MOLECULAR 102 kDa WEIGHT: Properties PURIFICATION: Antibody is purified by peptide affinity chromatography method. CLONALITY: Polyclonal CONJUGATE: Unconjugated PHYSICAL STATE: Liquid September 29, 2021 1 https://www.prosci-inc.com/lig1-antibody-26-847.html Purified antibody supplied in 1x PBS buffer with 0.09% (w/v) sodium azide and 2% BUFFER: sucrose. CONCENTRATION: batch dependent For short periods of storage (days) store at 4˚C. For longer periods of storage, store LIG1 STORAGE CONDITIONS: antibody at -20˚C. As with any antibody avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles. Additional Info OFFICIAL SYMBOL: LIG1 ALTERNATE NAMES: LIG1, MGC117397, MGC130025, ACCESSION NO.: NP_000225 PROTEIN GI NO.: 4557719 GENE ID: 3978 USER NOTE: Optimal dilutions for each application to be determined by the researcher. Background and References LIG1is DNA ligase I, with functions in DNA replication and the base excision repair process. Mutations in LIG1 that lead to DNA ligase I deficiency result in immunodeficiency and increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents.LIG1 encodes DNA ligase I, with functions in DNA replication and the base excision repair process. -
BER and Folate Deficiency: a Comprehensive Overview of DNA Base Excision Repair and the Effect of Dietary Folate Lydia Lanni [email protected]
Wayne State University Honors College Theses Irvin D. Reid Honors College Winter 5-7-2012 BER and Folate Deficiency: A comprehensive overview of DNA base excision repair and the effect of dietary folate Lydia Lanni [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/honorstheses Part of the Human and Clinical Nutrition Commons Recommended Citation Lanni, Lydia, "BER and Folate Deficiency: A comprehensive overview of DNA base excision repair and the effect of dietary folate" (2012). Honors College Theses. 2. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/honorstheses/2 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Irvin D. Reid Honors College at DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. Running head: BER AND FOLATE DEFICIENCY 1 BER and Folate Deficiency: A comprehensive overview of DNA base excision repair and the effect of dietary folate Lydia Lanni Wayne State University Honors Thesis Winter 2012 Author Note A special thank you to Dr. Diane Cabelof and all those in her lab for their instruction and support. BER AND FOLATE DEFICIENCY 2 Abstract Folate is the naturally occurring form of water-soluble B vitamin that is found in foods such as leafy vegetables, fruits, legumes, etc. Dietary supplementation of folate has shown to be protective against neural tube defects and other congenital disorders, and of recent, its role in carcinogenesis has been of special interest. Though mechanistically unclear, a positive correlation has been observed between folate deficiency in the diet and decrease function of DNA base excision repair pathways. -
Oxidative Stress in Sperm Affects the Epigenetic Reprogramming in Early
Wyck et al. Epigenetics & Chromatin (2018) 11:60 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13072-018-0224-y Epigenetics & Chromatin RESEARCH Open Access Oxidative stress in sperm afects the epigenetic reprogramming in early embryonic development Sarah Wyck1,2,3, Carolina Herrera1, Cristina E. Requena4,5, Lilli Bittner1, Petra Hajkova4,5, Heinrich Bollwein1* and Rafaella Santoro2* Abstract Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is well known to play a major role in male infer- tility. Sperm are sensitive to ROS damaging efects because as male germ cells form mature sperm they progressively lose the ability to repair DNA damage. However, how oxidative DNA lesions in sperm afect early embryonic develop- ment remains elusive. Results: Using cattle as model, we show that fertilization using sperm exposed to oxidative stress caused a major developmental arrest at the time of embryonic genome activation. The levels of DNA damage response did not directly correlate with the degree of developmental defects. The early cellular response for DNA damage, γH2AX, is already present at high levels in zygotes that progress normally in development and did not signifcantly increase at the paternal genome containing oxidative DNA lesions. Moreover, XRCC1, a factor implicated in the last step of base excision repair (BER) pathway, was recruited to the damaged paternal genome, indicating that the maternal BER machinery can repair these DNA lesions induced in sperm. Remarkably, the paternal genome with oxidative DNA lesions showed an impairment of zygotic active DNA demethylation, a process that previous studies linked to BER. Quantitative immunofuorescence analysis and ultrasensitive LC–MS-based measurements revealed that oxidative DNA lesions in sperm impair active DNA demethylation at paternal pronuclei, without afecting 5-hydroxymethyl- cytosine (5hmC), a 5-methylcytosine modifcation that has been implicated in paternal active DNA demethylation in mouse zygotes. -
Characterisation of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Opacity Phase Variation
Characterisation of Streptococcus pneumoniae Opacity Phase Variation Melissa Hui Chieh Chai, BBiomedSc (Hon), MSc A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Adelaide February 2016 Research Centre for Infectious Diseases Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology The University of Adelaide Adelaide, S.A., Australia Table of Contents Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1 1.1 The Pneumococcus ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Burden of Disease .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Antimicrobial resistance ........................................................................................ 3 1.2 Pneumococcal Vaccines ............................................................................................... 4 1.3 Pathogenesis of Pneumococcal Disease ....................................................................... 7 1.3.1 Pneumococcal colonisation.................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Progression to disease .......................................................................................... 10 1.4 S. pneumoniae Virulence Factors ............................................................................... 11 1.4.1 Pneumococcal capsule ........................................................................................ -
Kinetic Analysis of Human DNA Ligase III by Justin R. Mcnally A
Kinetic Analysis of Human DNA Ligase III by Justin R. McNally A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Biological Chemistry) in the University of Michigan 2019 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Patrick J. O’Brien, Chair Associate Professor Bruce A. Palfey Associate Professor JoAnn M. Sekiguchi Associate Professor Raymond C. Trievel Professor Thomas E. Wilson Justin R. McNally [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2694-2410 © Justin R. McNally 2019 Table of Contents List of Tables iii List of Figures iv Abstract vii Chapter 1 Introduction to the human DNA ligases 1 Chapter 2 Kinetic Analyses of Single-Strand Break Repair by Human DNA Ligase III Isoforms Reveal Biochemical Differences from DNA Ligase I 20 Chapter 3 The LIG3 N-terminus, in its entirety, contributes to single-strand DNA break ligation 56 Chapter 4 Comparative end-joining by human DNA ligases I and III 82 Chapter 5 A real-time DNA ligase assay suitable for high throughput screening 113 Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Directions 137 ii List of Tables Table 2.1: Comparison of kinetic parameters for multiple turnover ligation by human DNA ligases 31 Table 2.2: Comparison of single-turnover parameters of LIG3β and LIG1 34 Table 3.1: Comparison of LIG3β N-terminal mutant kinetic parameters 67 Table 4.1: Rate constants for sequential ligation by LIG3β 95 Table 5.1: Comparison of multiple turnover kinetic parameters determined by real-time fluorescence assay and reported values 129 iii List of Figures Figure -
Evidence Supporting Dissimilatory And
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Microbiology Department Faculty Publication Microbiology Series 2013 Evidence supporting dissimilatory and assimilatory lignin degradation in Enterobacter lignolyticus SCF1 Kristen DeAngelis University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected] Deepak Sharma University of Massachusetts Amherst Rebecca Varney University of Massachusetts Amherst Blake Simmons Joint BioEnergy Institute Nancy G. Isern Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/micro_faculty_pubs Part of the Microbiology Commons Recommended Citation DeAngelis, Kristen; Sharma, Deepak; Varney, Rebecca; Simmons, Blake; Isern, Nancy G.; Markillie, Lye Meng; Nicora, Carrie; Norbeck, Angela D.; Taylor, Ronald C.; Aldrich, Joshua T.; and Robinson, Errol W., "Evidence supporting dissimilatory and assimilatory lignin degradation in Enterobacter lignolyticus SCF1" (2013). Frontiers in Microbiology. 303. 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00280 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Microbiology at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Microbiology Department Faculty Publication Series by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Kristen DeAngelis, Deepak Sharma, Rebecca Varney, Blake Simmons, Nancy G. Isern, Lye Meng Markillie, Carrie Nicora, Angela D. Norbeck, Ronald C. Taylor, Joshua T. Aldrich, and Errol W. Robinson This article is available at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/micro_faculty_pubs/303 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 19 September 2013 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00280 Evidence supporting dissimilatory and assimilatory lignin degradation in Enterobacter lignolyticus SCF1 Kristen M. DeAngelis 1*, Deepak Sharma 1, Rebecca Varney 1, Blake Simmons 2,3, Nancy G. -
Mechanism of Nucleotide Flipping by Human Alkyladenine DNA Glycosylase
Mechanism of Nucleotide Flipping by Human Alkyladenine DNA Glycosylase by Jenna M. Hendershot A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Biological Chemistry) in the University of Michigan 2014 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Patrick J. O’Brien, Chair Professor Hashim M. Al-Hashimi, Duke University Professor Carol A. Fierke Associate Professor Bruce A. Palfey Associate Professor Raymond C. Trievel © Jenna M. Hendershot 2014 Table of Contents List of Figures.………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………… iii List of Tables.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. vi List of Appendices.…….....…………………………………………………………………………………………….. vii List of Abbreviations..………………………………………………………………………………………………….. viii Abstract...…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. xi Chapter (1) Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 (2) Substitution of Active Site Tyrosines with Tryptophan Alters the Free Energy for Nucleotide Flipping by Human Alkyladenine DNA Glycosylase.………..……. 18 (3) Critical Role of DNA Intercalation in Enzyme-Catalyzed Nucleotide Flipping… 58 (4) Evidence for Early Intercalation during the Search for DNA Damage by Human Alkyladenine DNA Glycosylase………………………………..………………………. 94 (5) Structure/Function Analysis of Intercalation and Nucleotide Flipping in Human Alkyladenine DNA Glycosylase….…………………………………………………….. 124 (6) Conclusions and Future Directions……….………………………………………………………. 155 ii List of Figures Figure 1.1: Nucleotide flipping……………………………………………………………………………………… -
DNA Damage in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Mutation Research 776 (2015) 84–97 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/molmut Comm unity address: www.elsevier.com/locate/mutres Review DNA damage in neurodegenerative diseases ∗ ∗∗ Fabio Coppedè , Lucia Migliore Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Following the observation of increased oxidative DNA damage in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA Available online 9 December 2014 extracted from post-mortem brain regions of patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases, the last years of the previous century and the first decade of the present one have been largely dedicated to Keywords: the search of markers of DNA damage in neuronal samples and peripheral tissues of patients in early, Alzheimer’s disease intermediate or late stages of neurodegeneration. Those studies allowed to demonstrate that oxidative Parkinson’s disease DNA damage is one of the earliest detectable events in neurodegeneration, but also revealed cytoge- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis netic damage in neurodegenerative conditions, such as for example a tendency towards chromosome DNA damage 21 malsegregation in Alzheimer’s disease. As it happens for many neurodegenerative risk factors the Chromosome damage Epigenetics question of whether DNA damage is cause or consequence of the neurodegenerative process is still open, and probably both is true. The research interest in markers of oxidative stress was shifted, in recent years, towards the search of epigenetic biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders, following the accu- mulating evidence of a substantial contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to learning, memory processes, behavioural disorders and neurodegeneration. -
Characterization of the Relationship Between Measles Virus Fusion
University of Massachusetts Medical School eScholarship@UMMS GSBS Dissertations and Theses Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 2006-05-17 Characterization of the Relationship Between Measles Virus Fusion, Receptor Binding, and the Virus-Specific Interaction Between the Hemagglutinin and Fusion Glycoproteins: a Dissertation Elizabeth Ann Corey University of Massachusetts Medical School Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Follow this and additional works at: https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss Part of the Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins Commons, Cells Commons, Chemical Actions and Uses Commons, Lipids Commons, and the Virus Diseases Commons Repository Citation Corey EA. (2006). Characterization of the Relationship Between Measles Virus Fusion, Receptor Binding, and the Virus-Specific Interaction Between the Hemagglutinin and Fusion Glycoproteins: a Dissertation. GSBS Dissertations and Theses. https://doi.org/10.13028/hg2y-0r35. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/221 This material is brought to you by eScholarship@UMMS. It has been accepted for inclusion in GSBS Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of eScholarship@UMMS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEASLES VIRUS FUSION , RECEPTOR BINDING , AND THE VIRUS-SPECIFIC INTERACTION BETWEEN THE HEMAGGLUTININ AND FUSION GL YCOPROTEINS A Dissertation Presented Elizabeth Anne Corey Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Massachusetts Graduate -
Transcriptional Activation of Mouse Retrotransposons in Vivo: Specific Expression in Ster.Oidogenic Cells in Response to Trophlc Hormones
Downloaded from genesdev.cshlp.org on October 8, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Transcriptional activation of mouse retrotransposons in vivo: specific expression in ster.oidogenic cells in response to trophlc hormones Rachel Schiff, Ahuva Itin, and Eli Keshet Department of Virology, The Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91010 Israel Transcription of cellular retrotransposons is induced by a variety of physiological stimuli. We have used in situ hybridization analysis to determine the cell types in which mouse retrotransposons are transcriptionally activated in vivo under physiological conditions. Here, we report that VL30 retrotransposons are specifically expressed in steroidogenic cells within all four endocrine tissues engaged in synthesis of steroid hormones in response to the respective pituitary-derived trophic hormones. These tissues include ovarian steroidogenic theca cells and lutein cells of the corpus luteum, testosterone-producing Leydig cells of the testis, steroidogenic cells confined to the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex, and progesterone-producing cells of the placenta. In the course of preovulatory follicular development and maturation, the profile of cells expressing the retrotransposon shifted in parallel to the changing profiles of the leutinizing hormone (LH)-induced steroidogenic output of the respective cells. Expression of VL30 in both male and female gonads was shown to be greatly stimulated by external administration of gonadotropins. In vitro studies using a LH-responsive Leydig cell line have confirmed that expression of the resident retrotransposons is gonadotropin dependent. Run-off transcription assays have indicated that activation is at the transcriptional level. To allow molecular access to gonadatropin-activated transcription units, the long terminal repeat (LTR) regulatory domains were cloned from VL30 cDNAs of LH-induced ovaries. -
Genomic Signatures Reveal DNA Damage Response Deficiency In
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10987-3 OPEN Genomic signatures reveal DNA damage response deficiency in colorectal cancer brain metastases Jing Sun1,13, Cheng Wang2,3,13, Yi Zhang4, Lingyan Xu1, Weijia Fang5, Yuping Zhu6, Yi Zheng5, Xiaofeng Chen1, Xiju Xie7, Xinhua Hu8, Weidong Hu9, Jingyu Zheng10, Ping Li1, Jian Yu11, Zhu Mei1,12, Xiaomin Cai1, Biao Wang1, Zhibin Hu2, Yongqian Shu1,14, Hongbing Shen2,14 & Yanhong Gu1,14 Brain metastases (BM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) are rare but lethal, and an understanding 1234567890():,; of their genomic landscape is lacking. We conduct an analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data on 19 trios of patient-matched BMs, primary CRC tumors, and adjacent normal tissue. Compared with primary CRC, BM exhibits elevated mutational signatures of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and mis- match repair deficiency (MMRD). Further analysis reveals two DNA damage response (DDR) signatures could emerge early and are enhanced in BM tissues but are eliminated eventually in matched primary CRC tissues. BM-specific mutations in DDR genes and elevated micro- satellite instability (MSI) levels support the importance of DDR in the brain metastasis of CRC. We also identify BM-related genes (e.g., SCN7A, SCN5A, SCN2A, IKZF1, and PDZRN4) that carry frequent BM-specific mutations. These results provide a better understanding of the BM mutational landscape and insights into treatment. 1 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211116, China. -
Letters to Nature
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