TENNESSEE ARCHAEOLOGY Volume 10 Fall 2020 Number 2 EDITORS TENNESSEE ARCHAEOLOGY Phillip Hodge Tennessee Division of Archaeology VOLUME 10 Fall 2020 NUMBER 2 Michael C. Moore Editor Emeritus 77 Editors Corner Kevin E. Smith KEVIN E. SMITH, MICHAEL C. MOORE, AND PHILLIP Middle Tennessee State University HODGE 85 Antiquarian Investigations and Archaeological Testing at the Glass Mounds Site (40WM3), Williamson EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE County, Tennessee David G. Anderson AARON DETER-WOLF AND KEVIN E. SMITH University of Tennessee 109 Tennessee-Cumberland Triskele Gorgets: Stephen Carmody Distribution, Chronology, and Interpretation. Troy University KEVIN E. SMITH Aaron Deter-Wolf Tennessee Division of Archaeology MEMORIAL TRIBUTE 143 The Archaeological Legacy of Mack S. Prichard, Jr. David H. Dye (1939-2020): A Tribute University of Memphis KEVIN E. SMITH Lacy Fleming RESEARCH REPORTS Tennessee Division of Archaeology 175 Expanding the Prehistoric Rock Art Database of the Shannon C. Hodge Midsouth 2010: New Sites in Tennessee and North Middle Tennessee State University Georgia Michael C. Moore JAN F. SIMEK, ALAN CRESSLER, SARAH C. Editor Emeritus SHERWOOD, AND SIERRA BOW Ryan Parish University of Memphis Jan Simek University of Tennessee Tennessee Archaeology is distributed in electronic print format by the Tennessee Division of Archaeology and Middle Tennessee State University. Correspondence about manuscripts for the journal should be addressed to Kevin E. Smith, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro TN 37132- 0001. Email: [email protected]. Office telephone: 615-898-5958. The Tennessee Division of Archaeology and Middle Tennessee State University disclaim responsibility for statements, whether fact or of opinion, made by contributors. EDITORS CORNER Kevin E. Smith, Michael C. Moore, and Phillip Hodge We are pleased to present the final proposing what was then a fairly novel issue of the first ten volumes of idea – a peer-reviewed journal distributed Tennessee Archaeology. With dissolution free-of-charge in electronic format by the of the Tennessee Anthropological Tennessee Division of Archaeology Association and its journal Tennessee (TDOA) and Middle Tennessee State Anthropologist in 2000 (following on the University (MTSU). From the beginning, heels of the last issue of Tennessee the goal was to publish two issues per Archaeologist in 1981), several senior volume – each volume targeted at Tennessee archaeologists, notably the approximately 200 pages. While in an late Charles McNutt, raised concerns over ideal world, a volume would be issued the lack of a publication outlet for “state every calendar year, the editors level” archaeology articles – meaning acknowledged from the outset that the articles that were primarily reporting “data” timing of publication would be dependent on Tennessee archaeological sites. In largely on the number of submissions – a response, Smith and Moore held a series chronic problem for many similar state- of discussions at the Annual Meeting on level archaeological journals. While Current Research in Tennessee numerous concerns were expressed at Archaeology in 2003 and 2004, eventually the time about the purely electronic nature of publication, one enticement has always been our ability to include significantly larger quantities of figures – in full color – than most print journals allowed. In August 2004, the first issue of Tennessee Archaeology – edited by Moore and Smith – was e- published. At that time, the TDOA did not have access to web server space, so Smith hosted the journal at MTSU. Some sixteen years later, the milestone of ten completed volumes is finally at hand. While Moore retired as State Archaeologist and FIGURE 1. Editors Mike Moore and Kevin E. Smith at Director of the Tennessee the Annual Meeting on Current Research in Tennessee Division of Archaeology in Archaeology, 18 Jan 2020 (Giovanna Vidoli). February 2020 (Figure 1), he has stayed on as interim co- 77 Tennessee Archaeology 10(2) Fall 2020 editor for this issue to assist in or research report to the journal. transitioning the journal co-editorship to One item that we added to the second Phillip Hodge, the newly appointed State issue of the journal was this “Editors Archaeologist. With this issue, we also Corner.” As Smith and Moore (2005) announce the reorganization of the journal noted: “we have added the ‘Editors with a newly appointed Editorial Advisory Corner’ section as a formal venue for Committee consisting of nine members communicating about the journal. from across the state and including Because we are an ‘electronic diverse specializations and interests publication,’ we have no official mailing list (serving staggered three-year terms). We and including such a section in this and express our appreciation to these future issues of the journal seems a individuals for agreeing to serve – and to necessary formality… Amongst other help promote the submission of future things, the ‘Editors Corner’ also provides articles.1 a place to include corrections to errors in As we close out Volume 10, previous issues…. And to highlight special Tennessee Archaeology has produced happenings in Tennessee Archaeology 1829 pages, 1255 figures, and 243 tables that may not merit an ‘article’ or ‘research (Figure 2). While the text is, of course, report’ – but do deserve mention in a important – we are particularly pleased ‘published place.’” that we have been able to present so In Volume 3, Issue 1, we also began many images using this format. A perfect including recognition of Tennessee example is the series of research reports archaeological colleagues who recently produced by Jan Simek and colleagues of died – certainly known and recognized by the University of Tennessee Cave their closer friends and associates, but Archaeology Research Team – vividly sometimes not recognized by the broader documenting in images their discoveries archaeological community (particularly year by year. those important archaeologists working We also think the number of tables is their careers outside academia or most of equally impressive – many of them their later careers outside Tennessee). containing the extensive raw data often Unfortunately, that task remains one for available only in hard-to-find “gray this issue as well, with mentions of five literature” reports and difficult to publish individuals. We extend our condolences to en masse in other kinds of journals. That their families, friends, and colleagues. was and remains a primary future goal of Dennis J. Stanford (1943-2019). Tennessee Archaeology. We created an While not a “Tennessee Archaeologist” in “open access” journal quite a few years the sense that we usually use in the before that became the catchphrase of Editor’s Corner, we felt it important to web publishing, and we intend to continue recognize the death of Dennis Stanford on that long tradition in the next ten volumes. 24 Apr 2019 (1943-2019). His broader As always, we appreciate the contributions and details of his broader contributions by authors and the Smithsonian career are available in many assistance of reviewers in ensuring that national publications, so here we focus on our content is solidly peer-reviewed at a his important connections and level consistent with a state journal. To contributions to Paleoindian studies in continue moving forward, we encourage Tennessee. authors to consider submitting an article 78 Editors Corner FIGURE 2. Covers of the first 19 issues of Tennessee Archaeology (including three “double issues” on special topics). 79 Tennessee Archaeology 10(2) Fall 2020 Stanford’s connection to Tennessee (ca. 11,000 cal yr BP) bison kill site, in began with John Broster, a fellow which over 300 butchered bison were graduate student from Tennessee at the recovered. While the size of the excavation University of New Mexico. By 1972, was remarkable compared to many Stanford had completed his PhD and was Paleoindian sites, it remains one of the most meticulous excavations ever hired by the Smithsonian Institution as conducted. Not common for the time, Curator of North American Archaeology Dennis’ excavations included three- and Director of the Paleoindian Program dimensional mapping, detailed site-level at the National Museum of Natural aerial photography of each unit… and fine- History. By 1973, Broster had finished all mesh water screening and flotation of the coursework towards his PhD and joined matrix. It also included careful mapping Dennis on the Smithsonian-sponsored and collection of microfauna, gastropods, excavation of the Jones-Miller site in pollen, and phytoliths, which allowed for northeastern Colorado (Moore et al. detailed environmental reconstruction. 2016). As described by Joseph Gingerich (2019): The lifelong friendship that began in New Mexico would lead Dennis to work with This huge undertaking, funded by the John on several Tennessee Paleoindian National Geographic Society, involved the sites decades later, including the Carson- excavation of a 200-m2 area of a Hell Gap Conn-Short Site in Benton County (Figure FIGURE 3. Carson-Conn-Short Site. Left-right: Larry Banks, Dennis Stanford, John Broster, Shannon Hafner, and Kit Carson (Courtesy, Tennessee Division of Archaeology). 80 Editors Corner 3; Broster et al. 1994, 1996; Nami et al. 1996; Stanford et al. 2006). The Smithsonian Institution has made the Paleoindian collection, which Dennis built, a named collection: “The Dennis Stanford National Paleoindian Collection” – which