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SUMMER 2015 ISSUE 23

PORTLAND BILL A major upgrade for the lighthouse visitor centre LIGHT INTENSITY Trinity House, Tower Hill, London EC3N 4DH How our lights are measured in the field Tel: 020 7481 6900 Fax: 020 7480 7662 www.trinityhouse.co.uk ACCSEAS CONCLUSION Twitter: @trinityhouse_uk www.facebook.com/trinityhouseuk Improving maritime access to the North Sea Region The Corporationof Trinity House editor’s note INTRODUCTION BY THE EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN Captain Ian McNaught

Master – Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal KG KT GCVO ELCOME BACK ALL READERS – on shore or at sea – to You will see within the covers of this edition of another edition of Flash. I’m pleased to be able to present to Flash the work that we have carried out taking Corporate Board as at 28 May 2015 Wour readers another set of great feature articles, bookended by news from Trinity House’s staff, events and works. advantage of the expertise of our people in Captain Ian McNaught MNM (Deputy Master) HRH The Master visited staff at Swansea, almshouse residents at aspects of science, technology and administration Simon Sherrard Esq DL (Rental Warden) Walmer Homes, the crew of THV Alert and opened the refurbished to give the best delivery for the benefit of our Captain Nigel Palmer OBE MNM (Nether Warden) visitor centre at Portland Bill Lighthouse; the internationally significant stakeholders. You will also see here a reflection The Rt Hon The Viscount Cobham ACCSEAS project came to a successful close and we completed the on the activities of kindred organisations in the modernisation project of Bardsey Lighthouse. I hope you’ll enjoy Commodore Jim Scorer RN field of maritime safety and in education. reading about all of this and more in this edition. Captain Roger Barker The new Lighthouse Visitor Centre at Portland As always, many thanks to all of our contributors for their interesting Bill opened to the public in March and was Captain Nigel Hope RD* RNR and informative articles; we always welcome contributions from opened formally by HRH The Master in May. The Captain Stephen Gobbi JP MA LLB anyone, and we’re open to suggestions and feedback. Please get your work at Portland has rejuvenated the premises Rear-Admiral David Snelson CB FNI submissions to me for the next edition of Flash by 11 September 2015. to create a visitor centre themed around our Commodore Bill Walworth CBE RFA Neil Jones, EDITOR history and taking into consideration marine aids Commander Graham Hockley RN (Secretary) Trinity House, to navigation, charity for those in need and The Quay education, all over five centuries. This is an exciting, Harwich Lighthouse Board as at 28 May 2015 CO12 3JW informative and stimulating new attraction for the area and I‘d like to recognise the good work done Captain Ian McNaught MNM (Executive Chairman) Tel: 01255 245155 [email protected] by all who played a part in creating this handsome Captain Roger Barker For updates between issues please visit addition to our educational offerings. Captain Nigel Palmer OBE MNM our website www.trinityhouse.co.uk Towards the end of this year we will commence Jerry Wedge Esq or @trinityhouse_uk a new helicopter operations contract which, for Mrs Dawn Johnson or www.facebook.com/trinityhouseuk the first time, will provide a service covering all Professor Peter Matthews three General Lighthouse Authorities in these David Ring Esq islands. This is a departure from the norm where Jon Price Esq (Secretary) nce again it is a pleasure to reflect on times past and to take a look each authority had its own contract helicopter into the future. Since I last wrote we were coming to the end of our service and the unified style will deliver significant savings to the General Lighthouse Fund. 500th year and it was a pleasure to escort HRH The Master to a In February we bade farewell to Commodore When you have finished with this magazine, please pass it on or recycle it. O Printed on Magno Silk which is certified from FSC mixed sources - ideal when an environmentally friendly number of functions in and around Trinity House, not only in London but also Jim Scorer as Director of Operations, a post which paper is required. Pulp is bleached using mainly a Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) process. he had held since 2007. Although he remains DESIGN: Michael Sturley – [email protected] www.sturleydesign.com in Harwich, St. Just and Swansea. I know that she welcomed seeing something PRINT: Lavenham Press, Suffolk – www.lavenhampress.com as an Elder Brother, his time as DOps will be contents of our service and its people and it was fitting that the marine community at remembered for the energy, enthusiasm and large was able to appreciate in no small measure what our people do in commitment he brought to projects such as the Introduction by the Executive Chairman ...... 1 incorporation of new tonnage and implementation A review of the last eight months ...... 2-3 maintaining maritime safety for the world’s mariners who sail in our waters. of service reorganisation, as well as the establish- Portland Bill Visitor Centre ...... 4-5 Recent weeks have seen the completion of the EU-funded ACCSEAS Project Engineering Review...... 6-7 ment of the new Planning Centre early in 2014. Demonstration of a Field Light Measurement ...... 8-11 which certainly awakened the international community to the function of Looking back over the anniversary year there ACCSEAS - The future of Navigation ...... 12-13 marine aids to navigation services in North West Europe and how, by working is much in the way of merchandise that has been created to commemorate our quincentenary Sark Lighthouse and the Point Robert purchase ...... 14-15 together, maritime safety can be assured. LANBY Buoys ...... 16-17 House 2015 Trinity © Mark Dalton and I hope that our readers have each found a Churchill and Trinity House ...... 18-19 suitable memento to treasure or to give to Ballastage and all it entailed...... 20-21 friends and family. Swansea visit by HRH The Master...... 22-23 Once again, to close my column for the Trinity House at 500...... 24-25 COVER IMAGE: Easter 2015 saw the opening of a new summer I send you all my very best wishes, be The Mary Rose story continues ...... 26-27 Lighthouse Visitor Centre at Portland Bill Lighthouse in Dorset. you ashore or afloat, still serving or retired and The Nautical Institute in 2015 ...... 28-29 The lighthouse has regularly been visited by over 20,000 look forward to writing again as we approach The Finnish Transport Agency ...... 30-33 people a year so this represents a fantastic opportunity to the year’s end. The Mystery of the Order Book ...... 34-35 engage with a large number of visitors, to inform them of the The Paths trodden by Trinity House Yeoman ...... 36-37 history of Trinity House, of aids to navigation in general and Visit of HRH The Master to Walmer Homes and THV Alert ...... 38-39 of Portland Bill Lighthouse in particular. Around the Service...... 40-45

The new Lighthouse Visitor Centre at Portland Bill was opened formally by HRH The Master in May. Photos by Mark Dalton. Page 2 Page 4 Page 8 Page 18 Page 22 Page 30 Page 36 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 1 a reviewofthelasteight monthsatTRINITY HOUSE OCTObeR 2014 NOvembeR-DeCembeR JaNuaRy 2015 apRil – may

NEW HELICOPTER CONTRACT In October the General Lighthouse Authorities of the UK and Ireland GROUNDING OF HOEGH OSAKA It was reported on 3 January that the Singapore-registered car carrier TRINITYTIDE The 501st Trinitytide was celebrated (Trinity House, the Commissioners of Irish Lights and the Northern Lighthouse Board) announced a £13 Hoegh Osaka was aground on the Bramble Bank in the Solent, in the approaches to the port of on 28 May when HRH The Princess Royal was million seven year contract with P D G Helicopters for the provision of helicopter services to cover all Southampton. On board were 24 crew and a local pilot and all were satisfactorily evacuated by re-elected Master of the Corporation for the three Authorities. Provision of one helicopter operator across the Authorities will deliver significant cost Coastguard Rescue Helicopter and RNLI Lifeboats. The vessel was on passage from Southampton to ensuing year. Captain Ian McNaught was savings to the General Lighthouse Fund which pays for the safety critical work of the GLAs to provide a Bremerhaven with a cargo of cars and other heavy machinery. By 5 January THV Galatea had laid two re-elected Deputy Master. Mr Simon Sherrard and reliable, efficient and cost-effective maritime aids Emergency Wreck Buoys in close proximity to the stranded vessel, after a call from the SOSREP*, Hugh Captain Nigel Palmer were re-elected Rental to navigation service around the coasts of the Shaw earlier that day and a further request from Southampton Harbour Master. The buoys were later Warden and Nether Warden respectively. At the UK and Ireland. Hitherto each Authority has withdrawn by THV Patricia after the vessel had self-floated and been towed to a nearby anchorage. conclusion of the Court HRH The Master with the contracted its own helicopter service provider and Elder and Younger Brethren proceeded to St co-ordinated its own activities and the decision to Olave’s Church, Hart Street for the Annual ST OLAVE’S CAROL SERVICE HRH The Master award a single tripartite contract for helicopter Trinitytide Service where the Preacher was the joined us in St Olave’s Church, Hart Street on the services is regarded as a first for the participating Revd Canon Dr Pete Wilcox, Dean of Liverpool. evening of 3 December for a Carol Service Authorities. The GLAs have been operating attended by Trinity House staff and friends. The © Lock Keith by Image helicopters since the 1970s for transport to Preacher was the Revd Oliver Ross and lessons remote sites and for specialised operations with were read by The Master, the Deputy Master, support vessels and lighthouses. Captain Colin Stewart and Captain Richard Wood- man. A reception was held in Trinity House the ANNUAL NATIONAL SERVICE FOR SEAFARERS maintain lighthouses, who serve as pilots and all same evening and the Deputy Master presented Last year’s Annual National Service for Seafarers who work to ensure the safety of seafarers as they Her Royal Highness with a brooch based on the Image by Mark Dalton © Trinity House Trinity © Dalton Mark by Image was held on 15 October in St Paul’s Cathedral and begin and end their journeys. There followed Master’s flag (see image above). It is hoped that commemorated the 500th anniversary of the prayers for cadets and for former seafarers. Follow- the Carol Service may become an annual event. Corporation of Trinity House and of the founding ing the Annual Service members of Trinity House of the Company of Watermen and Lightermen of were invited to Guildhall for a Reception given by DEPUTY MASTER AT THE CENOTAPH the River Thames. The Corporation’s flag was the City of London Corporation. As a further commemoration of our 500th VISIT OF THE MASTER TO SWANSEA… On 29 January HRH The Master visited Trinity House Depot, … AND TO WALMER AND THV ALERT HRH The paraded with others at the beginning of the Service anniversary the Deputy Master laid the Merchant Swansea. On arrival she was greeted by local dignitaries and the Deputy Master who in turn introduced Master paid her first visit to Trinity Homes Walmer and the Dean of St Paul’s, the Very Revd David Ison Navy wreath at the Cenotaph in Whitehall on 8 Simon Millyard, Engineering and Operations Manager and Robert Dale, Technical Services Manager. Her near Deal on 21 April. Here the Executive Chair- in the Bidding gave thanks to God for 500 years November in the presence of HM The Queen, the tour proceeded through the Buoy Yard where the various processes were introduced and introductions man introduced Captain Colin Stewart, Elder of our two organisations and for 175 years of the Royal Family, representatives of Government and made to technical staff who briefed on their activities. The Master was able to appreciate the extent of Brother, Commander Graham Hockley, Secretary Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners’ Royal the Services and 9,000 veterans took part in the Trinity House operations on the west coast and the logistics requirements fulfilled from Swansea in their to the Corporation, and Mrs Carole Furness, Super- Benevolent Society. HRH The Master read the march past which followed. support. At the close of the visit Her Royal Highness was invited to join the Depot team photograph, to visor of the Homes. There followed a tour during second lesson (John 3. 13-21). The Litany of sign the visitors’ book and Martin Price, on behalf of the Service presented her with a framed facsimile which Her Royal Highness met residents. She was Intersession for Seafarers led by Trinity House of the Master’s Flag. A photographic record of the day’s events appears on centre pages 22 and 23. then escorted to Dover Harbour to go afloat in the Cadet Owen Evans offered a prayer to those who Reproduced by kind permission of the Dean and Chapter of St Paul’s Cathedral. Rapid Intervention Vessel Alert (Commander Ben Akester) and inspect new buoyage at the Varne PORTLAND BILL LIGHTHOUSE VISITOR CENTRE Also in October terms of a lease were agreed with Bank. See page 38 for a full report of the day’s activities. the Crown Estate for the former Lighthouse Keepers’ Cottages at Portland Bill Lighthouse which has been popular with visitors for many years. Premises have now been rejuvenated and house a new Visitor Centre themed around the maritime history of Trinity House and its responsibilities for providing

aids to navigation, charitable support and education Defence. of Ministry © services. These aspects as well as the staff who have made all this possible over five centuries are

portrayed. HRH The Master formally opened the House Trinity © Dalton Mark by Image Visitor Centre on 12 May . See pages 4 &5 for an introductory article by Steve Dunning. Images by Mark Dalton, © Trinity House. Trinity © Dalton, Mark by Images Image by Les Scriver Image by Mark Dalton, © Trinity House. Above:At the Merchant Navy War Memorial, Tower Hill, 7 September. *SOSREP : Secretary of State’s Representative for Maritime Salvage and Intervention.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 2 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 3 by Steve Dunning, Retired Trinity House Planning and Performance Manager, Younger Brother.

an application was made to, and approved by, Portland Bill –Creation of a new Trinity House Visitor Centre Corporate for a grant towards the initial set-up costs of the new centre. ASTER 2015 SAW THE OPENING OF A NEW, INTERESTING, AND Visits were simply a tour up the lighthouse. In the meantime negotiations with represen- tatives of the Crown Estate had been ongoing informative Lighthouse Visitor Centre at Portland Bill Lighthouse in Clearly therefore we had an opportunity to provide an additional facility for the public which and eventually reached a satisfactory conclusion. Dorset. The lighthouse has regularly been visited by over 20,000 people would enhance their visit, both from an enter- Crown Estate was looking for a “good” tenant E tainment and an educational perspective, who would make positive use of the building. a year so this represents a fantastic opportunity to engage with a large number through the provision of information about What Trinity House intended for the building has of visitors, to inform them of the history of Trinity House, of aids to navigation Trinity House, the whole range of duties that been reflected in the lease in terms of both in general and of Portland Bill Lighthouse in particular. In addition we now are the responsibility of the Corporation. duration and rent; a good deal for both parties. A business case was put together that proved We went out to tender with potential design good balance of financial contribution. The Trinity provide a narrative on all the responsibilities and duties of the Corporation that on through life costs, depending on the companies. Giving the companies concerned an House Field Operations Team, primarily through and describe the modern day complement of aids to navigation. nature of the lease, a Lighthouse Visitor Centre extensive brief of what we were seeking to Jason Hollands (electrical) and Andy Johnson could be profitable. However, there was also the develop we asked all of them to come up with (civil) carried out extensive work in a much In 2013 representatives of the Crown Estate tion of the lighthouse. The two semi-detached question of the initial set-up costs. Coincidentally innovative ideas. The contract was awarded to truncated timescale to see the building in good Commissioners approached Trinity House to cottages attached to the lighthouse (a further benefactors approached Trinity House to see Leach Colour, a well known design company who shape to house the new exhibition. This included advise that the then current lessees of the cottage is detached and adjacent to the light- whether there was any possibility of creating a had worked on a number of high profile exhibitions extensive repairs to the roof, dealing with internal ground floor of the former lighthouse keepers’ house) have subsequently been adapted to lasting and appropriate memorial to their parents including the Cutty Sark. The proposal provided damp, redecorating both the whole internal area Monday 23 February. Working long hours from cottages at Portland Bill Lighthouse would be create a flat on the first floor and a commercial who had both sadly died but who had both the best balance of design initiative and value and extensive elements of the external area, the 0800 through to nearly 2000 every day the surrendering the lease by 31 March 2014. They space on the ground floor. The ground floor has enjoyed many hours sailing in the waters off the for money. complete rewiring of the space to bring it up exhibition took shape over a week. As well as enquired whether Trinity House was interested been operated by the Weymouth and Portland south coast. Positive meetings ensued the result The building itself was in need of some to the required standards and the installation interesting and educational information panels in taking on the lease. Borough Council as a Tourist Information Centre. of which was a generous gift to the Corporation. “TLC” with little evidence of much maintenance in of new lighting. A new floor was installed Leach has incorporated a number of Trinity The three former keepers’ cottages were sold Portland Bill Lighthouse is the most visited With the opportunity to create an informative, recent years. Further negotiations with the Crown appropriate for heavy public use. House artefacts including a major light vessel to the Crown Estate in 1996 upon the automa- Trinity House lighthouse open to the public. educational and entertaining visitor experience Estate developed a programme of works with a The Leach Colour Team turned up on site on model, a lighthouse optic, a buoy lantern and the binnacle from THV Stella. A local company has been appointed as licensee to manage the Centre. Income from the Centre will be divided between Trinity House and the Licensee on an agreed percentage basis. The Trinity House element will cover our costs for maintaining the Centre including our overheads, insurance, utilities, and so forth, as well as the physical maintenance of the site. It will also provide for maintenance and updating of the exhibition materials. There will be no direct costs to the General Lighthouse Fund. A “soft” opening was held on 25 March for the media and local business and educational interests. As well as letting them know about the new Centre the intention was to generate publicity in advance of the Easter opening. The Centre opened to the public on Easter Sunday, 29 March. All Images this page by Mark Dalton © Trinity House 2015. House Trinity © Dalton Mark by page this Images All HRH The Princess Royal, in her capacity as Master of the Corporation, formally opened the Middle left: new Centre on 12 May 2015. Frontage and entrance to the The new Centre will hopefully prove to be an visitor centre. excellent means of connecting with the public. Lower left: Lens- It will not be a museum although, as stated based or ‘dioptric’ optics were invented above, it will heavily feature the histories of the in 1823; optics that Corporation, of aids to navigation and of Portland were painstakingly Bill Lighthouse. It will also inform about the myriad constructed in the 19th century are still duties and responsibilities of the Corporation used widely today! and the ongoing importance of these duties and This example is believed to have responsibilities in an increasingly technological been installed at world. This has been a very good example of Monkstone beacon. co-operation across all areas of the Corporation Main picture: Top: Display panel illustrating the history of navigation. developing a Centre that will advise, educate Portland Bill Lower: On the left is a panel explaining the origin and history of Trinity House; on the far right is a timeline of the history of the Lighthouse. and entertain the public for years to come. All Images this page by Mark Dalton © Trinity House 2015. House Trinity © Dalton Mark by page this Images All Corporation from 1514 to the present day.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 4 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 5 by Simon Millyard, Engineering and Operations Manager

while providing an 18 mile light for the northern (FMEA) to optimise the work carried out and to out at Swansea Buoy Yard and installed by Trinity part of the Irish Sea. Bardsey is a beautiful island reduce intrusive maintenance and maintenance House staff. Next year Chwislen and Mixon Engineering review and nature reserve on a Site of Special Scientific induced failures. beacons (on the Lleŷn peninsula and near Selsey Interest (SSSI) and in the installation and operation At Hurst Point the design of the new power respectively) will be refurbished in a similar we needed to respect the various constraints supply system has been drafted, the intention is manner. HE PRINCIPAL PROJECT OF THE YEAR WAS THE MAJOR CIVIL recycling or reuse of materials. The station was that these bring. The rotating optic on a mercury to reduce the diesel fuel requirement by installing The spring of 2015 saw the commencement engineering at Nab as it approached its first century of operation. Works recommissioned in October. bath was removed and is now displayed in the solar panels on the roof of the old acetylene of the programme for the modernisation and Replacement of seven DGPS stations has nearby National Trust’s Porth y Swnt visitor building. This will include high technology intelligent solarisation of Longstone Lighthouse off the Tat Nab were the largest capital project in financial terms since the been completed in recent months with the new centre at Aberdaron. The new light is a coded battery chargers to prolong the life of the new Northumbrian coast and as a preliminary a construction of Royal Sovereign Lighthouse in 1971 with a budget of £2.5 system now delivering a high integrity GNSS red LED with main and stand by provision. gel lead acid batteries and a new engine controller. lightvessel bearing the name ‘LONGSTONE’ has million. This is an important physical aid to navigation being the turning point service to the mariner with an accuracy of less In the Channel Islands personnel carried out For the time being the trusty Lister TS3 10KVa now been established in the vicinity while the than 5 metres at 50 nautical miles from the a complete engine replacement at Hanois after diesel engines are being retained. Alternative station’s aids to navigation are temporarily for the majority of vessels entering the Solent including VLCCs for the Fawley coast. This was a joint project with the Northern the alternator failed and the engine seized. engines have been considered but the trusty discontinued. It is anticipated that the lightvessel refinery and huge cruise liners bound for Southampton as well as naval and Lighthouse Board and the Commissioners of Irish Helipad paintwork was attended to with hatches Lister is reliable and simple to maintain and will be on station until November this year. This civilian traffic, particularly ferries, for Portsmouth. Lights to cover the entire British Isles and Ireland. painted in different colours to assist the helicopter repair with spares readily available. The follows a comprehensive planning, design and At Eddystone staff from Plymouth University pilot when landing underslung loads at the station. specification is being drawn up into a formal procurement programme to enable these works Nab was an ageing and corroding structure the battery and aids to navigation upgrades will be have installed monitoring equipment as part of a A comprehensive programme of lighthouse tender for these works to be undertaken during to begin. Longstone is the last lighthouse running height of which was reduced, as well as its diameter required and will gain from advancing technology. wave loading project on the tower to assess the painting has been followed across the lighthouse 2015. Hurst Point is also an SSSI and on a very on 24 hour diesel engines and these will be and then the surface sprayed with a reinforced Important with the project was the need to long term structural performance of granite estate to maintain the integrity of the structures low lying area of beach on the Western Solent. reduced to a few hours per year for topping up concrete outer coating to provide a new concrete maintain good environmental responsibility lighthouse towers over many decades. and to provide a good daymark where required. With regard to beacons MV Mair was the batteries in the winter months once the deck. A new twelve mile light with fog signal, delivered by the principal contractors, Bam Nuttall. Modernisation of Bardsey Lighthouse was The regular round of technical inspections and engaged in work at Woolpack and Crow Rock modernisation is complete. radar beacon (racon) and AIS equipment were In removing the original cladding of the tower completed in September. Bardsey, off the Lleŷn routine maintenance visits has been completed, beacons in the Isles of Scilly. These two beacons For navigation buoys, dynamic analysis soft- installed at the station which has a design life of the minimum amount went to landfill and a peninsula in North Wales, is now a solar station the content of these inspections has been were renewed with new support legs, lights and ware by Orcaflex was investigated and studied a further fifty years although in that time the waste management programme ensured using no fossil fuels to run the aids to navigation reviewed with a Failure Mode & Effects Analysis daymarks. All the steel fabrication was carried and work here progresses. This is to study the heel angles of buoys in waves to assess how the lights perform at sea and how they are observed by the mariner. The lightweight aluminium superstructures continued to be trialled at six stations and inspections have shown that they are performing as expected. Once completed, these Type 2 buoys will support a racon, AIS, GPS position monitoring, a seven mile light and control and monitoring will be from the Planning Centre at Harwich. Storms of early 2014 saw some buoy topmarks swept away, the design was reviewed and a modified securing arrange- ment implemented that is proving successful thus far. Photo: Ambrose Greenway ©2015. Greenway Ambrose Photo: Above and main picture: The principal project of the year was the major civil engineering at Nab as it Above: The Lister TS3 engine as installed at Skerries lighthouse. approached its first century of operation. Works at Nab A similar power unit operates at Hurst lighthouse. were the largest capital project in financial terms since the construction of Royal Sovereign lighthouse in 1971 Middle left: Modernisation of Bardsey lighthouse was completed with a budget of £2.5 million. in September. This light off the Lleŷn peninsula in North Wales, is now Main photo of the Nab Tower by Steve Keddie ©2015 a solar station using no fossil fuels to run the aids to navigation while Above, middle: Staff from Plymouth University providing an 18 mile light for the northern part of the Irish Sea. have installed monitoring equipment as part of Left: In the Channel Islands personnel carried out a complete a wave loading project on the tower at engine replacement at Hanois after the alternator failed and Eddystone to assess the long term Top right: No 10 Lightvessel built in 1951 by Philip & Co of Dart- the engine seized. Photo: © Roger Barker. structural performance of granite mouth has been prepared for establishment at the Longstone station lighthouse towers Photo: © Roger Barker. Main picture:At Hurst Point the design of the new power supply during the programme for the modernisation and solarisation system has been drafted, the intention is to reduce the diesel fuel of the lighthouse. Photo:©Simon Millyard. requirement by installing solar panels on the roof of the old Above: West Constable Type 2 buoy with radar beacon (racon) acetylene building. and GPS position monitoring. This photograph shows the new lightweight aluminium superstructure on trial. Such superstructures continued to be trialed at five other buoy stations and inspections have shown that they are performing as expected.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 6 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 7 by Link Powell, Assistant R&D Engineer R&RNAV.

Demonstrationof a field light measurement

LIGHT MEASUREMENT IS AN ESSENTIAL QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDUREThe distance from the lighthouse to a Temporary installation of the trialled R&RNAV light source. suitable measurement location is often much used to determine the luminous intensity, rhythmic character and greater than one hundred metres and so vertical beam profile of a light. In situ or field lighthouse light R&RNAV use a method that accounts for A atmospheric effects; the substitution method, measurements are carried out by the Research and Radionavigation (R&RNAV) where the light to be measured is scaled against Directorate of the General Lighthouse Authorities of the UK and Ireland to test a reference light (a light source of known intensity). The reference light, temporarily new light sources when re-engineering a lighthouse or to audit existing lights. installed at the lighthouse, is measured with a luxmeter and the lux value recorded. The reference A field measurement is naturally more difficult this method does not take into account the lamp is then turned off and a measurement of than a lab measurement as the available methods effects of the atmosphere. The atmospheric the lighthouse light is recorded. If the recorded to manipulate the light are limited. The measure- effects not only reduce the accuracy of values were five lux for the reference light and ment procedure also requires the use of custom the measurement, but they can also vary ten lux for the lighthouse light, then it is known made equipment as well as co-ordination considerably, producing different results for each the lighthouse light is twice the intensity of the between personnel both at the lighthouse and measurement of the same light. This method reference light. If the reference light is known at a measurement site some distance away. is only suitable for short distances, ideally to have an intensity of one candela then the However, it would be extremely impractical to much less than one hundred metres. measured intensity of the lighthouse light is dismantle and transport the optical equipment  Continued on page 10. to a lab. Also, a field measurement yields results with much lower uncertainty than pure calcula- Torre de Hércules Lighthouse, Spain. tion of the light’s performance. Therefore, a field measurement is the recommended option. A demonstration field light measurement was carried out on the Torre de Hércules lighthouse, in A Coruña, Spain, at the 2014 IALA conference to share the techniques used by R&RNAV and also to promote the benefits of field measurements among lighthouse authorities around the world.

The R&RNAV Field Measurement Procedure The nominal range of a light is determined by its effective luminous intensity. One method to determine the luminous intensity uses the inverse square law, where the light is measured using a luxmeter and the result multiplied by the square of the measurement distance. However,

Above: Luxmeter at the measurement site.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 8 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 9 Reference light on pan and tilt head at the lighthouse. Demonstrationof a light field measurement Torre de Hércules optic.

 Continued from page 9. two candelas. Because both whether the beam is pointing in the correct lights are measured over the same path in quick direction (i.e. to the horizon) and to enable succession, the effects of the atmosphere on calculation of the peak beam intensity if the each measurement are the same. When the measurement site is not in line with the beam. division is performed to find the ratio between When measuring the vertical beam profile in the lux measurements, the atmospheric effects are R&RNAV labs, the optic is placed on a motorised cancelled out. A custom built measurement unit table which tilts up and down while the luxmeter and a laptop running custom-made software are output is recorded. Clearly, this method cannot used to record and process the luxmeter output. be used in the field. During a field measurement, During a field measurement the vertical a set of prisms are used to refract the beam up beam profile is also measured to determine and down. Two types of prisms are used and by

Torre de Hércules - Existing Main Lamp Panel 1

Panel 2

Panel 3

Panel 4 Elevation Angle (degrees) Elevation

Percentage of Peak Beam Intensity Above: Vertical beam profile. Due to the wide beam no corrections were necessary to compensate for the low elevation of the measurement site.

Flash profile - Existing Main light Panel 1 using them in various combinations, the beam curtains are removed and the nominal can be refracted through a range of plus/minus performance of the light is measured. two degrees in half degree increments. At each increment a measurement is taken and, even The Torre de Hércules measurement if the measurement site is not situated in the The Torre de Hércules lighthouse has a rotating Intensity (cd) beam peak, the peak will be directed towards fourth order optic with four catadioptric lens the measurement site at some point. The prisms panels. The light source is a four hundred watt do not allow all the light reaching them to pass metal halide lamp. The chosen measurement site through, but the transmissivity of each prism for the Torre de Hércules was located four and a Time (seconds) is known and used to correct the readings. The half kilometres east, across the bay. The elevation Above: Torre de Hércules flash profile. prisms are supported in a frame and blanking of the measurement site was lower than the Below: Annotated curtains hung around the frame to ensure that light but, since the vertical beam profile was To measure Luminous Intensity with a Luxmeter recording screen from only light passing through the prisms is measured. measured this was not a problem. 1st Measurement When all measurements for the vertical beam The reference light used during the Arbitrary Distance the custom made light Known Luxmeter measurement software. have been taken, the prisms, prism frame and measurement of Torre de Hércules lighthouse Light Source 1 candela was calibrated at 416,800 candelas. From the Existing Main Light 2nd Measurement Reference recording screen it can be seen that the peak Same Distance as 1st Measurement 2 Unknown Luxmeter Flash Character Light intensity of the flashes is approximately twice the Light Source Calculated to be 2 candelas intensity of the reference light. The recorded flash Above: Measuring intensity with a Luxmeter using the substitution method. profiles were then further processed to calculate the effective intensity of each flash. The resulting

1 effective intensities corresponded to a nominal

Voltage (v) Voltage range of twenty-two nautical miles. This was two nautical miles less than the published figure, demonstrating the importance of field measure- ments over calculations. A 45 watt R&RNAV LED 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 light source was also trialled giving a measured Above: Prism combinations used to measure the vertical beam profile. Time (s) nominal range of 17 nautical miles.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 10 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 11 by Dr Alwyn Williams, ACCSEAS Project Manager.

The future of navigation is coming!

HE NORTH SEA REGION IS HOME TO SOME OF THE BUSIEST SHIPPING prototype technologies developed by the ACCSEAS project, including the No-Go Area lanes in the world, yet the demand in this stretch of water is ever Service, Resilient Positioning Navigation & increasing, leading to the navigable space becoming smaller. This is a Timing (PNT), Tactical Route Exchange and T Maritime Safety Information/Notices to popular region not only for shipping, but also for energy extraction – both wind Mariners Services (MSI/NM). and oil – and is an area where many wildlife associations are looking to protect During the Humber testing exercise, Chief natural environments. These factors, in combination with a rise in larger vessels Officer Loonstra proceeded with his standard procedure, calling VTS Humber from the bridge in these waters and a higher volume of traffic, lead to a real safety risk in the of his ship to provide standard information on area, which could have an impact on shipping efficiency moving forward. location, number of passengers and so forth. During this call to the VTS centre, he was alerted Above: An example of a busy but clear snapshot of data available to today’s mariner. Above: An example of No Go areas are clearly shown in an ECDIS display. ACCSEAS, led by the General Light- to the fact that there had been an oil spill in the house Authorities, is a three year area and that a new route would be provided by are also natural causes affecting service – for most accurate alternative source of positioning. no alarms and you do not lose your positioning project part-funded by the European the VTS manager. On return to the navigation example the sun can knock satellite systems eLoran, a low-frequency terrestrial navigation on the map.’ The results of this testing show a Union’s Interreg IVb programme, system, safety information of the incident could offline too. ACCSEAS is developing a number of system, was the back-up to GPS used in this successful outcome for the ACCSEAS project, which aims to improve maritime be seen clearly on screen, along with a suggested supplementary sources of positioning collected demonstration. which showcased its results at its final annual access to the North Sea Region by minimising alternative route, allowing plenty of time to into a bespoke receiver. This receiver detects a Loonstra was impressed, stating: ‘The transition conference in Rotterdam’s World Trade Centre, navigational risk. ACCSEAS believes that re-plan his navigation. GPS failure and switches seamlessly into the from GPS to eLoran was seamless, with just a from 17 to 19 February this year. This highly e-Navigation will eventually make the mariner’s The process was quick and easy to navigate. small message on screen alerting you to the successful event was attended by 127 job easier by taking information from several “Although there are systems in place to alert changeover of input. I think this would cause delegates from many organisations different systems and platforms and displaying mariners of live safety issues in the area, these are less panic on the bridge as it meant there were throughout Europe and United States. it in an easy to use and integrated way. often not as responsive as we would like, they take The group of eleven organisations from six time to use and require time to plot information Of the facilities provided in Rotterdam’s World Trade Centre POSTSCRIPT As the conference marked the close of the current ACCSEAS project, the event also countries has pooled knowledge and resources were screen displays illustrating ACCSEAS’ capabilities. against maps,” explained Loonstra. “This software looked at who will take these solutions forward and how they will be made available to the industry. to develop a portfolio of prototype services and brings it all together in an easy, usable way for IALA will be setting up a working group to further develop the Maritime Cloud as the de facto solutions to make navigating the North Sea mariners and marine pilots.” worldwide e-Navigation framework. This will ensure the legacy of ACCSEAS lives on, either in the safer, simpler and more efficient. These technologies These technologies have been developed to fundamental implementation of e-Navigation and/or the services that it developed to help mariners have been developed by the project members enhance the navigation experience, but they are do their job even more efficiently and safely. For further information about ACCSEAS and to learn and trialled in a number of simulations and test all underpinned by a need to know the where- Above: The Maritime Cloud is a technical infrastructure to support seamless information transfer in e-navigation . more of this year’s Navigating the North Sea Region conference readers are invited to visit environments to date. abouts of the ship in the first place. www.accseas.eu which will be available into 2016. October 2014 marked a new milestone for While GPS is the most common source of the ACCSEAS project when it ran its first integrated position navigation and timing (PNT) information, demonstration on board a working ship in the it is open to vulnerabilities which could lead to area. ACCSEAS prototype equipment was outages. Issues of GPS jamming are becoming installed on the bridge of P&O’s Pride of Hull and more frequent, for example North Korea has at VTS Humber to demonstrate and trial ACC- Above: Kees Polderman of The Netherlands was chairman staged a number of GPS jamming attacks SEAS solutions with the operators at both sites. of the final ACCSEAS annual conference. In the past year on South Korea in recent months to cause During the voyage, the crew tested a number of he was created an Honorary Personal Member of IALA. malicious impact to their infrastructure. There

More than one hundred delegates from many organisations More than one hundred delegates from many organisations throughout Europe and United States attended the final throughout Europe and United States attended the final ACCSEAS annual conference held in Rotterdam. ACCSEAS annual conference held in Rotterdam.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 12 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 13 by T L Arculus, BSc MSc LLB (Hons) MRICS Legal Advisor, Tower Hill.

SARK LIGHTHOUSEand the Point Robert purchase

E CELEBRATED THE CENTENARY OF SARK LIGHTHOUSE IN 2012, by the Flemish. There are two versions of the from Guernsey1 landed nocturnally on Sark and and allowed him to hold the island on behalf of on the north-eastern flank of Sark the process of story of the Flemish raid. One version of the tale ambushed the sleeping Gallic lookouts 2. What- his Queen in return for a quit rent and on purchasing the land had to follow an unusual as previously reported in FLASH. The events of over a century ago says that the raiders hid most of their soldiers ever the truth, the Flemings were at that time condition that within two years he would settle route. A petition to grant a licence to allow the which led to the successful purchase of the land on which the below deck and sailed brazenly to the coast of subjects of Philip of Spain who was also the the island with forty loyal tenants. Elizabeth also sale to proceed had to be presented to King W Sark. When challenged by the occupying forces, husband of the reigning English monarch Mary I decreed that land on the island could not be George V (1910-1936) jointly by the then lighthouse stands were remarkable due to the unusual system of land tenure they requested permission to land an unarmed (1553-1558). They presented the captured isle sold without a licence from the sovereign. tenant of that part of Sark, Robert Savory de on Sark which forbade the subdivision of land without royal permission. party on the island in order to bury a dead to the English Queen who is said to have been De Carteret proved to be a good choice for he Carteret, together with the incumbent Seigneur, comrade in consecrated ground. The occupiers uninterested and ungrateful which caused the wasted no time and overcame considerable William Frederick Collings, and the Corporation Sark was the last bastion of feudalism in the fleet of eleven French ships and 400 men took humanely agreed to this request after taking the disgruntled Flemings to abandon the island. difficulties in pursuit of his goal of founding a of Trinity House. The petition was considered by western world until the reform of the island’s quiet possession of the uninhabited island. The precautions of searching the coffin-bearers for Once again the French could not resist the colony consisting of forty tenements known as the Privy Council and fortunately, by Orders in constitution in 2008 . On 10 December 2008 for land at that time was wild and proved incapable concealed weapons and stationing their own attraction of Sark and an opportunistic Norman the quarantaine, meaning group of forty. Council dated 4 February 1911, His Majesty the first time all adult islanders had the right to of supplying the needs of such a hoard. The men aboard the Flemish vessel – a fatal mistake. lord, the Seigneur of Glatney, began to colonise it Elizabeth’s successor, James I (1603-1625), was pleased to give permission for the sale to vote for their chosen conseillers in the island’s prospect of imminent starvation caused some of The raiders proceeded to the island chapel at his own expense. This scheme failed when war issued further decrees in 1612 that none of the proceed. The purchase price was £100 and the government, the Chief Pleas. The previous them to desert and others to sail away with their whereupon they locked the door and opened broke out between England and France and forty tenements should be subdivided and that sale area included a site measuring approximately constitutional arrangements dated back to the leader, Captain Bruel, to hector the islands of the coffin which contained not a corpse but Glatney’s pioneers withdrew to the Continent 3. they should only pass in their entirety to the 200 feet by 120 feet on which the lighthouse reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603) who, fearing for Guernsey and Jersey, leaving only a depleted and weapons. Fully armed they vanquished the Bloody Mary’s short and sanguinary reign eldest son of the tenant and then to his son and now stands and also an adjoining area of rocky the security of this peripheral part of her Realm, weakened force. The occupation lasted five French garrison whose numbers had been ended with her death in 1558. Her half-sister so on. James also decreed that no one born out land 95 feet wide sloping steeply down to the made provision for the island to be colonised or six years until the French were extirpated reduced due to their fellows sent aboard the Elizabeth I succeeded her. On 6 August 1565 of Sark should be suffered to live there unless swn in the local patois as a côtil. by her loyal subjects. Flemish ship. Those men were also overpowered Elizabeth issued letters patent to a nobleman they took an Oath of Allegiance and obtained 1 (The History of Guernsey and its Bailiwick: With Occasional Elizabeth’s fears were well founded for during by the Flemings hiding below deck and the rout from the parish of St. Ouen in Jersey named consent to remain from the Seigneur within six Notices of Jersey by Ferdinand Brock Tupper (Guernsey) 1854). the reign of her half-brother Edward VI (1547- was complete . The alternative version of story Hilary (or Hellier) de Carteret. These letters weeks of their arrival. So when Trinity House 2 Chroniques de Jersey by S Syvret (Guernsey) 1832). 1553) the island had been seized by France. goes that the Flemish with the help of pilots patent appointed him the first Seigneur of Sark decided to build the lighthouse at Point Robert 3 (Tupper ibid). Being clearly visible from the Normandy coast, Sark proved a tantalising prospect. In 1549 a

“Sark, fairer than aught in the world that the lit skies cover, Laughs inly behind her cliffs, and the seafarers mark. As a shrine where the sunlight serves, Above: Plaque commemorating the construction of the lighthouse in 1812. though the blown clouds hover, Sark.” AC Swinburne.

Above:Title page of the Privy Council Order of 1911.

Above: An extract from a 1911 map showing land to be Keepers were withdrawn from Sark lighthouse on 21 conveyed to Trinity House to enable the lighthouse July 1940 and staff next visited on 24 May 1945 when Above: On commissioning in 1913 Sark lighthouse to be constructed. it was found that mines and booby-traps abounded was part of the Penzance District, and was later round and close to the station. transferred to the Cowes District.

Main Picture: Sark’s Point Robert from seaward showing the Under the direction of Sir John Bowen, Engineer-in- lighthouse and côtil. Chief from 1924 to 1951, the station was repaired following wartime damage.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 14 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 15 by Adrian Wilkins, CEng FIMechE FRIN

conditions and it was moored in Harwich harbour. The motion result- LANBY 1 drawing from the 1973 Buoy Book. considered that on exposed ing from the wash of a passing tug was sufficient LANBY Buoys stations a single fixed length to catapult a pencil, from behind my colleague’s of chain would not be reliable. ear, to clear the deck of the buoy and land in the Three leg moorings proved water. Continuing equipment failures on the HE LANBY BUOY WAS DEVELOPED IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE The prototype LNB was trialled on the Sandy very difficult to lay and buoys resulted in a project to update the on mid-1960s following the successful development of similar ocean data Hook station in 1967. Following these trials recover and often became board systems and convert them to the 300 seven were built by the Convair Division of foul due to rotation of the series. Modifications included a new lubricating buoys. Referred to as a LNB (Large Navigation Buoy) by the US Coast General Dynamics starting in 1970, followed by buoy. Such moorings were system for the engines, new engine cooling and T five more from 1974. These American buoys had soon discontinued and the exhaust systems, an enclosed lantern house to Guard, the buoys were to replace their fleet of manned lightvessels. These a 12m diameter hull, a little over 2m deep, with buoys converted to a single provide some shelter at the top of the tower and were similar to ours. They had powerful electric main lights powered by diesel a 12m tubular tower. The main light was an array central mooring eye which a rotating optic that had been developed by generators, compressed air driven fog signals and radio beacons. However, of discharge tubes installed on the open tower connected to a single length Trinity House during the 101 project. Electrical top platform. This provided a very bright (14 of chain terminating in a and radio systems were also updated and the the American vessels also had propulsion machinery and overall costs were mile range) light but with a very short flash. sinker and an anchor. Towing buoys’ reliability on station was significantly becoming prohibitive. The flash was so short that the buoy’s position of LANBYs proved very improved. However, problems associated with was often difficult to see. A second shorter range difficult in anything but calm personnel carrying out the necessary maintenance conventional light was added to provide a visual 1969. This buoy was of similar overall size to the conditions. The ‘stern’ ballast compartment was work on board the violently moving buoys were reference to establish the buoy’s position. The American buoys but with a deeper hull. Three filled with water to provide a ‘bow up’ attitude never solved. It became clear that the LANBY fog signal was a 500Hz electric unit and some water cooled diesel generators were installed in a but the front of the buoy would tend to ‘dig in’ would not provide the anticipated replacement buoys also had a radio beacon. By the mid- single central engine room that had large electric to waves resulting in broken tow lines. Another for the manned lightvessel and two light floats 1970s a racon was added. Meteorological cooling fans. A rotating optic with sealed beam authority had a buoy capsize while under tow. were purchased from AGA Ltd. Delivered in 1980 equipment was also carried and the buoy’s lamps was housed in a small lantern on the Buoys were controlled and monitored via a VHF these 21m vessels operated automatically with a position monitored using LoranC. Power was tower top. Trials took place off Harwich and at radio link that had a limited range, hence they gas light and primary battery-powered fog signal provided by two single cylinder Lister, air cooled, the Shambles station where many of the were monitored from the nearest manned but had no remote control or monitoring facilities. diesel generators. One engine ran continuously on-board systems, both power and aids to mainland lighthouse or Trinity House depot. These AGA light floats were the first large float- the other started automatically if the first failed. navigation, suffered repeated failures. Radio and control equipment were not as stable ing aids to be converted to solar power and one The hull was sub-divided into a control room While LANBY 101 was being trialled a decision as modern systems and much time was spent replaced the last Trinity House LANBY on the Top: A LANBY under tow in gale conditions shortly containing the automatic control and radio was made to purchase modified versions of the tracing and rectifying problems. Very high Varne station in 1995. The Irish service continued before the tow wire parted, October 1977. equipment, a battery compartment, fuel tanks, American buoys. The first two, starting in 1970, voltage associated with the discharge tube light to operate two LANBYs for some years after Below: 200 Series LANBY on the Varne Station. buoyancy compartments and ballast tanks. were built by Bristol Channel Ship Repairers in caused failures in the supply cable up the tower Trinity House. The French service, who had The last two Trinity House manned lightvessels Cardiff and the remainder by Camper & Nicholson and in the light housings at the tower top. A developed their own version of the LANBY, dated from 1963 and 1967. American develop- at Southampton, under licence from General problem peculiar to the engine installation operated theirs marking the Ushant traffic ments in replacing manned vessels with automatic Dynamics. They had a more powerful discharge resulted in spectacular fires in the air cooling separation scheme until 2012. The French buoys buoys were being closely followed here and a tube light and larger fog signal; these required system. The system was unusual in that the en- had been re-engineered several times with the contract was placed in 1968 with Hawker twin cylinder Lister diesel generators to provide gine exhaust mixed with the cooling air in the final version being solar powered. Siddeley to develop a similar buoy. Known as extra power. The first buoys were fitted with duct that passed from the engine room and up Captain Simon Robinson has the last word: LANBY (Large automatic navigation buoy) 1 three mooring eyes to lay to a three leg mooring the tower. This particular model of engine was ‘One of the happiest periods of my life was in the (later to be 101) it was built in the Royal Albert i.e. three equal legs of chain, each with an prone to leaking small amounts of oil into the mid to late 1990s, watching the decommissioned Dock (London) and launched by Captain Sir anchor. This was considered to be more secure cooling air and fires resulted. Tower top motion LANBYs being dismantled by gas axe in Swansea, George Barnard, Deputy Master, on 2 December than a single leg mooring. The crews in manned was vividly demonstrated when planning a mod- safe in the knowledge that I would never lightvessels shortened or lengthened the moor- ification to the buoys. We were sitting on the have to be violently ill all over the dreadful ing in response to changing weather and sea small platform on the tower top of a buoy things again.’

The picture shows one of the first LNBs replacing the San Francisco lightvessel in 1971. These buoys had a planned maintenance visit every three months. They were to have a dockside re-fit every two years and LANBY 101 nearing completion in the Royal Albert Dock, London. There is a short major dry docking every four years. film of the buoy’s launch in the Pathé News on-line archive to be found at FLASH Summer 2015 Page 16 www.britishpathe.com FLASH Summer 2015 Page 17 by Paul Ridgway

The Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, lit a cigar during the Churchill and Trinity House 1913–1965 proceedings and incurred a fine of one shilling for so doing.

IEWERS OF A CERTAIN AGE MAY RECALL THE TV NEWS PICTURES Winston Churchill, as First Lord of the Admiralty, Indeed he was proud of the uniform and a Certainly Churchill’s time at Trinity House had Another Trinity House relic of Churchill is the was sworn in as an Elder Brother of Trinity House fine portrait of him wearing the ceremonial dress witnessed great events with world war, twice, news photograph taken in HMS Prince of Wales of 30 January 1965 of the State Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill. Of in 1913 and held the title until his death. He of an Elder Brother, complete with cocked hat, and post-war restoration, twice. Within a few on 9 August 1941 at anchor in Placentia Bay, particular interest to many was the funeral flotilla steaming from Tower joined a long line of statesmen of the early 20th by Sir Oswald Birley and painted in 1951 hangs days of the destruction of Trinity House on 7 Newfoundland, and at which the Atlantic Charter V century who were elected as Elder Brethren: in the Library at Trinity House. Churchill signed January 1941 a Special Court was convened and was drafted, agreed and signed by the Prime Pier upstream to Waterloo at the same time as the dockside cranes on the Arthur Balfour, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, a photograph of the painting for each of the at which the Hon A V Alexander, First Lord of the Minister and President Franklin D Roosevelt. In South Bank dipped in salute and the 16 RAF Lightnings flew overhead. In Henry Asquith and Ramsay MacDonald. Elder Brethren. Admiralty and later Lord Alexander of Hillsborough, this picture Churchill is wearing a form of Trinity It is not known how frequently he attended We learn from Trinity House: Its unique record was sworn in as an Honorary Elder Brother. House rig. Roosevelt had earlier arrived in USS this assembly of small craft the lead vessel was Nore of the Port of London the Corporation’s events but certainly he from the days of Henry VIII by Commander Hilary According to Andrew Adams and Richard Wood- Augusta. From this momentous event came the Authority and the Elder Brethren were embarked in the second vessel, THPV attended lunches and dinners in the House and a P Mead that the wearing of Trinity House uniform man in Light Upon the Waters the Prime Minister, understanding that Britain and America were by Honorary Elder Brethren was not at all Winston Churchill, lit a cigar during the proceedings pursuing the same ideal goals of war. A painting Landward of the London Pilotage District. In a film archive1 for a few seconds group portrait on the ground floor shows him at a dinner in his honour held to mark his fifty years uncommon and the author adds that Winston and incurred a fine of one shilling for so doing. It of the event was eventually prepared and in time you can briefly see the Earl Marshal, His Grace the Duke of Norfolk, also an as an Elder Brother in 1963. There is no doubt Churchill ‘seems to have rejoiced in it and been was pointed out to him that he had disobeyed was given to the Corporation by Churchill’s Elder Brother, marching in slow time ahead of the procession down to Tower that as a Former Naval Person he would have very proud of it’. Indeed, he recalls Churchill being an ancient ruling forbidding the use of tobacco widow, Baroness Spencer-Churchill. understood perfectly the workings of the approached by a French naval officer, possibly at at the Court. The great man did not have a Churchill’s name was perpetuated for a quarter Pier and the vessels gathered there. A re-enactment of this flotilla took place Corporation and of the Lighthouse and Pilotage the Versailles Peace Conference of 1919, asking shilling on him and Alexander came to his aid of a century after his death for within our fleet on 30 January this year as part of the 50th anniversary commemoration and Services and would have been kept abreast of about his uniform only to be informed that it and paid the fine. A few days later Churchill had of service craft that named Winston Churchill, activities by means of Court Minutes and represented ‘Le Frère Ainé de la Trinité’ to which a shilling sent from No 10 to the First Lord was built by J Samuel White in Cowes, Isle of included TH No1 Boat with Elder Brethren and the Secretary embarked. other correspondence. the enquirer replied: ‘Mon Dieu, quelle influence!’ in reimbursement. Wight, and commissioned in 1964. She was a sturdy workhorse of the Steam Vessel Service and carried out a multitude of tasks, as her sister Sir Winston in the uniform of an Elder Brother. This painting by Sir Oswald Birley hangs in ships had done for years: lightvessel towage, the Library at Trinity House. Anecdotage has it buoy servicing, lighthouse fuelling, crew reliefs, that Captain Clifford St George Glasson, Elder and wreck marking. She was sold out of service Brother, from time to time sat for Birley in in 1989. We are proud of our Trinity House links Churchill’s place. and the many visitors to Tower Hill never cease to hear the story of the Great Man and our organisation.

Top: In the funeral flotilla re-enactment on 30 January 2015 TH No 1 Boat took part. Embarked were: Bowman, Bob Merritt and in the stern (left to right) Jon Kidd, 1st Officer; Simon Wakelin, Bosun, and Haydn Clarke, 2nd Officer. The Elder Brethren, centre are Commander Graham Hockley, Commodore Jim Scorer and Captain Ian McNaught. Photo: Hazel Gibb.

Above:THV Winston Churchill, a diesel-electric lighthouse tender of the Mermaid class, in service from 1964 to1989. Photo: ©Ambrose Greenway. Above: Facsimile of a letter dated 8 January 1941 from Downing Above: Recording Churchill’s celebrated meeting with Roosevelt in August 1941, Street to Mr A V Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty returning this painting hangs in the Reading Room at Trinity House and was given to the the one shilling mulct incurred by Churchill for smoking at the Court. Corporation by Sir Winston’s widow, Baroness Spencer-Churchill in 1965.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 18 1 youtube/RlFY8cqJbAI FLASH Summer 2015 Page 19 by Paul Ridgway

Ballast and all it entailed Provider of a major charitable income for the Corporation

O QUOTE ADMIRAL W H SMYTH IN HIS SAILOR’S WORD BOOK: remunerative as Ballastage by then was based on House from Within: A digest of matters relating to Trinity House had moved from Deptford in 1618 A Dictionary of Nautical Terms, first published in 1867, Ballast by definition the pumping of water into ships’ spaces rather the Trinity House of Deptford Strond published in when it became the seat of the Corporation until than loading solid or gravel ballast. 1929, ‘At times considerable profits were made, 1660 following which we moved to Water Lane is given as: ‘A certain portion of stone, pig-iron, gravel, water or such like and in 1866 £13,068 14s was transferred from the in the City. T How Ballastage funded charity materials, deposited in a ship’s hold when she either has no cargo or too little to Ballast Office Account to the Corporation and a The Ratcliff holding comprised a riverside In 1594 in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Lord Ballastage Reserve Fund was opened in the books.’ wharf known as No 20 and No 22 Narrow bring her sufficiently low in the water. It is used to counterbalance the effect of High Admiral Howard of Effingham surrendered The balance of the Ballastage Reserve Fund Street. By the 1930s this had been let to a barge the wind upon the masts, and give the ship a proper stability, that she may be the rights of Ballastage in the River Thames to was maintained until the 1920s and Golding repairing and engineering business and a small enabled to carry sail without danger of overturning. The art of ballasting consists the Corporation and these rights were confirmed said: ‘The question of dealing with the Capital of building here formerly used as the Ballast by Queen Elizabeth on 11 June that year. this Fund is to be considered when the two Heavers’ Hall was subsequently let as a ware- in placing the centre of gravity, so as neither to be too high nor too low, too far Proceeds from Ballastage were applied to the surviving pensioners die.’ house to the brewer Watney, Combe and Co. It is forward nor too far aft, and that the surface of the water may nearly rise to the relief of decayed seamen, their wives, widows understood that this final parcel of Trinity House How Ballastage was managed extreme breadth amidships, and thus the ship will be enabled to carry a good sail, and orphans and Ballastage was regulated under property in Ratcliff was disposed of in the 1990s. various Acts of Parliament of George II, George III By 1823 Trinity House employed a fleet of 40 Above: Embellished arms of the Corporation on the south side of To give a further idea of the magnitude of incline but little, and ply well to windward…’ and Queen Victoria. Trinity House enjoyed the lighters and in Ballast Committee Minutes of 2 the ground floor, east, at Trinity House. Note the ballast heaver’s the ballast task it was stated in evidence to a exclusive right of Ballastage from London Bridge January 1838 laid before the Court we see the leather ‘cup’ on a pole at 3 o’clock. Royal Commission in 1834 that in the years The gathering of spoil from the river bed was greed of their employers, but from a demoralising to the sea with the Corporation of the City of usual half yearly report from the Superintendent heard that the earnings of the men employed in from 1594 to that year some four hundred a foul task undertaken by men using leather system of payment through publicans and local London exercising this right above London Bridge of the Ballast of the number, tonnage, condition the Ballast Department had recently improved: million tons of ballast had been raised by the ‘cups’ on poles, as shown in the accompanying harpies. To paraphrase Sir Frederick Arrow, until the Thames Conservancy Act of 1864. and value of the Ballast Lighters and Barges. ‘the Court concurred with the supervisors in Corporation’s Ballast Heavers providing huge illustrations, to scavenge the spoil and then stow Deputy Master 1865-75: These evils were Income for the Corporation’s charity by way As for supervision it has been researched in considering that there no longer exists any necessity receipts for the Corporation’s charities which, of it in the ballast dredger. It was hard but essential altogether removed by the establishment of of funds derived from Ballastage ceased in 1854 Trinity House Court Minutes held in the London for entertaining the prayer of the Memorialists…’ course, meant not only the benefit for those in work reducing the shoals in the Thames and thus a Heavers’ Office under the control of Trinity on the passing of that year’s Merchant Shipping Metropolitan Archives that on 3 May 1842 the With the advent of steam power mechanical need mentioned above but also for the provision ensuring a degree of navigation safety at the House, where men could attend for employment, Act which directed that receipts from Ballastage Court approved the appointment of Captain dredging was possible and in time the Corporation of the almshouses, annuities and pensions, a not same time as providing ballast for vessels trading and where their wages could be paid with should form part of the Mercantile Marine Fund. John Rees as Supervisor of the Ballast Depart- operated the steam dredgers Goliath and Hercules inconsiderable liability for by the mid-1930s in the port of London. From the earliest days regularity and free from extortionate deductions. This fund also contained Light Dues and was ment vice Captain Nelson‘who goes out by with six lighters and a staff totalling 24 with some there were more than 8000 pensioners until 1853 the ballast, when laid in a barge or Administration of the ballast heavers was under the control of the Board of Trade and to it rotation’. The following year the Court on 6 June at Trinity House on Tower Hill in the Ballast together with women and children for lighter alongside the ship to be supplied, was brought under control of the Corporation in was charged the cost of maintenance of the ‘resolved also unanimously that Captain Daniel Office, situated approximately where the whom aid was provided. heaved on board by men who were hired and 1853 at the insistence of HRH The Prince Albert, Lighthouse Service, among other functions. Stephenson be appointed a Supervisor of the Navigation Directorate and the Library stands Several pages in Chapter Six of Light Upon The Waters The paid by various waterside contractors, and who was at that time Master of the Corporation. According to Captain Thomas Golding, Elder Ballast Office vice Captain Drew who goes out by today. Others were at the Ballast premises in History of Trinity House 1514 - 2014 by Andrew Adams and subjected to great hardships, not only from the By the 1890s the business was no longer Brother, in his privately circulated The Trinity rotation’. Further, on 1 April 1851 the Court Ratcliff (with a wharf) in which riverside parish Richard Woodman are devoted to Ballastage and the Thames.

Badges worn by Ballast Officers. The left-hand badge shows the leather bucket in use and demonstrates the manual nature of the work.

Above: Steam-powered ballast dredger, formerly the gun-brig Blazer, of 1806.

Above: Bearing the Sign Manual of Charles II this letter concerns the Above: An eighteenth century ballast receipt showing the laborious method of raising ballast. contentious issue of ballast or ‘the soyle of the Thames’ granted from Staines Bridge to the Medway.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 20 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 21 visit of HRH The master to Trinity House Swansea 29 January 2015

Main picture; front row (left to right): Selwyn Hughes, Lee Carter, Stuart Austin, Martin Price, Shaun Phillips, Rob Dale, Deputy Master , HRH The Master, Stuart Mason, Rachel Davies, Ian Arthur, Mike Roberts, Jim Veall.

Back row (left to right): Dan Maskell, Steve Summerfield, Jack Lawson, Paul Thomas, Keith Cameron, Vince Laing, Mike Williams, Jeff Bloffwitch, Hugh Thomas, Ian Horsley, Phil Horner.

All images by Mark Dalton,© Trinity House 2015.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 22 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 23 TRINITY HOUSE AT 500

Trinity House at 500 or how to celebrate a quincentenary

N THE YEAR IN WHICH WE CELEBRATED THE FIVE CENTURIES SINCE next half millennium still providing those things we were established to deliver way back in 1514: Henry VIII granted the Corporation its charter there were more than 30 safety at sea, benevolence to the needy mariner quincentenary events, including two at Guildhall in the City of London and and fellowship through the Fraternity and wider I Trinity House family.’ one at St. Paul’s Cathedral. These events provided an opportunity for over Throughout the year we have been privileged 4,500 people of the wider Trinity House family and their guests plus those of to show Her Royal Highness The Master some - the Corporation to enjoy this unique commemoration. thing of our work and to enable her to meet our people at Harwich, St Just, Swansea, In January this year the Court unanimously to thank everyone, throughout the Corporation, Walmer and afloat. Above and right: The exhibition in the National Maritime Museum to run to January 2019 opened by HRH The Master. offered a vote of thanks to all those involved in the who contributed so much to the celebrations of our Below: Two books; Light Though a Lens and quincentenary events and associated projects. quincentenary. It has been a most momentous year Light Upon the Waters . To close this momentous year let us hear and one which I hope has given everyone some what the Executive Chairman Captain Ian special memories to remember it by. We can now McNaught had to say by way of reflection: ‘It is a build on the strength of those five centuries of great pleasure to be able to use the pages of Flash achievement and look ahead to the start of our

Above: A timeline, mounted externally at Trinity House on Tower Hill. Above & inset: The new Thames Waterman Cutter Trinitytide christened by Mrs Susan McNaught.

A custom-designed mug.

Above: The topographical artist Peter Kent produced a collection of Trinity House themed paintings.

Right: 500 years of the Corporation of Trinity Left: A commemorative photo book depicting House of Deptford Strond 1514-2014. the many events which took place in the year. Above: The accommodation and facilities hub at Mariners’ Park, Wallasey. Above: The refurbished RNLI Station at Ramsgate

The replica Admiralty Mace presented by the Admiralty Court.

Left: A stamp issue by Royal Mail. Below: A £2.00 coin from the Royal Mint.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 24 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 25 by Rear-Admiral John Lippiett, CB CBE DL CEO The Mary Rose Trust, Younger Brother.

Our partnership with Trinity House enables people of all ages and abilities The Mary Rose story continues.... to engage with navigation and seamanship in exciting and diverse ways.

HIS MAY SAW THE SECOND ANNIVERSARY OF THE OPENING OF building that is built with layers of viewing the ship and the artefacts, or bringing the story to Learning Centre. Our partnership with Trinity the chamber with the ship thus giving the finest galleries around what remains of the vessel.’ life through replicas. Their knowledge and enthusiasm House enables people of all ages and abilities to view available. The museum will be closed from the Mary Rose Museum in Portsmouth Historic Dockyard. It quickly does much to inspire visitors of all ages. engage with navigation and seamanship in exciting 5 October this year for work to start and will ‘Stunning. This museum was spell binding. A major achievement for the Museum has and diverse ways. We are able to provide a range reopen in late Spring 2016. gained a reputation as one of the finest museums in the country and The feat of bringing the ship up and preserving it T been the wealth and breadth of awards it has of stimulating sessions based on the collection The Mary Rose is a unique time capsule is amazing in itself. What they found on board is regarded as an exemplar of good museum practice setting high standards won. More than twenty have been gained for of Tudor navigational equipment from the Mary providing an extraordinary insight into the lives and have preserved is remarkable. Sensitively in curation, interpretation and research, as well as leading the field in museum excellence in architecture, construction, exhibition, Rose. In 2014, 2,000 primary and secondary of the people on board when the ship went done, they have reconstructed some of the lives conservation, education and innovation. As well children and teachers attended nearly one down 500 years ago. We continue to strive to learning and outreach. of the people who drowned on the Mary Rose.’ as being a finalist for the Art Fund prize for hundred of these workshop sessions. We have ensure that the story of the Mary Rose and her Two years on and it continues to receive much museum in early October for the next phase of ‘Eighth Wonder of the World. The Mary Rose Museum of the Year for 2014, we have been taken this out to schools, and even to the national crew is told in an imaginative and informative acclaim and recognition here in Portsmouth, as the museum project (closing for some six Museum exceeded my expectations by a nominated for the European Museum of the Year, Big Bang Fair where we used the ‘tipping ship’ way for future generations. well as on the national and international front. months). Visitor feedback is exceptional, which country mile! It is stunning, the scale of the ship the outcome of which was being decided as this model to demonstrate stability. This proved a The Museum has welcomed over 780,000 visitors, is reflected in a few of the comments below:- and the operation to extricate it from the edition of FLASH was being completed in May. great hit with all age groups. including some 50,000 children and young seabed and put it on display is just awe inspiring. We continue to be very grateful for the The controlled air drying has now brought ‘Unique Museum Visit. A remarkable and people through the Stavros Niarchos Foundation I have seen the Terracotta Army in Xian, been to support of Trinity House. The Navigator’s Case in the hull to a stable condition, allowing us to start fascinating journey through a Tudor time Learning Centre. The Museum’s reputation has the top of the Empire State Building in New the Men of the Upper Deck Gallery acknowledges Phase 2 of the museum project. We will be capsule. The whole experience is superbly spread far and wide, with visitors travelling from York…but nothing compares to the Mary Rose the support given in the construction and removing the air drying tubes around the ship presented and we found the tour guides all over the world to see the hull reunited with for jaw dropping incredulity! And, the guides creation of the museum. It contains a unique and dismantling the walls between the ship and eager and very well informed.’ her unique collection of artefacts. were terrific, knowledgeable and with an collection of navigational equipment found on its mirror image. There will then be interrupted We welcomed our 500,000th visitor some ‘Astonishing! A quite exceptional museum excellent style of imparting the information. board the ship. The ongoing support for our views of the hull from all three levels and from 13 months after opening. We expect to receive experience that focuses as much on the crew Wonderful experience!’ learning programme is acknowledged through the end galleries. On the upper deck, visitors will our 1,000,000th visitor just before we close the and artefacts…An extremely well designed The interaction with our staff and volunteers activities in the Stavros Niarchos Foundation enter the ship hall through airlocks, so as to be in is seen by visitors as an integral and important part of the Mary Rose experience. Over 100 volunteers give their timely freely to welcome and inform visitors about the Mary Rose. They come from all walks of life with different life experiences, but they share one thing, their passion for the Mary Rose. They can be seen throughout the Museum talking to visitors about

Left: New interior. Mary Rose, the ‘sailing machine’. In two years the Museum has welcomed over 780,000 visitors, including some 50,000 children and young people. ©Hufton + Crow. Above: Over 100 volunteers give their timely freely. They share one Below: More than twenty awards have been gained by the thing, their passion for the Mary Rose. Museum for excellence in architecture, construction, exhibition, conservation, education and innovation. ©Hufton + Crow.

Above: The ‘tipping ship’ being demonstrated to HRH The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall.

Top right: At the Big Bang Fair for UK Young Scientists and Engineers, July 2014. ©Nautical Archaeological Society

Lower right: On a school trip, a potential member of the Fraternity maybe. In the museum, the Navigator’s Case and associated interactive display sponsored by Trinity House have proved popular.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 26 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 27 by Philip Wake MSc FNI Chief Executive Officer, The Nautical Institute

The Nautical Institute in 2015

ANY READERS OFFLASH WILL HAVE KNOWN ABOUT THE INSTITUTE Human Element Bulletin now in its twelfth year Apart from CPD, continuing work includes funded by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation, and e-Navigation, the integration of ship and shore for several years and indeed some will be members. Much has The Navigator, a relatively new magazine aimed based navigation systems, which is intended by changed in recent years so an update on our work may be useful. at the new generation of navigators but equally the IMO to be based on user needs. We work M relevant to the whole bridge team. Each issue is closely with Trinity House on all safety of navigation What has not changed is that the Institute is still very much an international themed on a particular aspect of navigation, for issues, particularly highlighting the vulnerability of professional body for individuals involved in the control of seagoing ships. Total example radar, and includes an incident report to GNSS and the dangers of over-reliance on GPS membership is currently 6,600 working at sea in some 116 countries with a learn from. With generous funding from the alone leading to the degradation of skills using International Foundation for Aids to Navigation other methods and systems. Reduction of sea healthy level of recruitment providing growth. (IFAN), the aim of the 100,000 print run is to get room due to the increasingly large arrays of wind New members are working in the offshore sector publications, written by expert practitioners for this publication in every SOLAS class ship to farms and other devices to generate renewable and are attracted to join due to the 2010 revision practitioners, are an important CPD service and raise the knowledge and professional confidence energy is another subject of mutual concern and of the membership criteria which based full include over one hundred titles in books as of the world’s navigators. This is being achieved is just one part of our work on Marine Spatial membership on STCW and other maritime well as the monthly journal, Seaways, and two through direct mailings to fleets, ships’ agents Planning which, with the World Ocean Council, professional qualifications rather than limiting it periodicals issued three times per year – Alert!, the and missions and booksellers, plus delivery on is aimed at raising the awareness of the maritime Above: The Admiralty Manual of Seamanship authored Above: Cover for a recent edition of The Navigator. to Master (Foreign Going) certificates of competency. board by a host of volunteers – pilots, surveyors, industry and developers of the need to work by the Royal Navy and published by the Institute. All issues can be downloaded from www.nautinst.org This revision also introduced the Associate Below: The Nautical Institute’s monthly journal Seaways. welfare visitors, inspectors, ships’ staff, and so together. Fellow grade to recognise professional development forth – for which we are very grateful. Implementation of ECDIS carriage and the An example is the Command Seminar series on Nautical Institute Revenue 2014 and experience beyond paper qualifications. Other forms of CPD provided by the Institute necessity of effective training, the design of Navigational Competence organised last year in Miscellaneous 3% Membership benefits include professional are the longstanding Harbourmaster’s Certificate lifeboat release mechanisms to improve safety in Sydney, London, Cyprus, Glasgow and Manila. Projects & recognition, access to the worldwide branch and Command Diploma schemes, both subject their use, and the revision of GMDSS require- There was excellent participation by Generation Donations Member 11% Subscription 20% network, seminars, and legal defence insurance to to recent revisions, plus the recently launched ments are all subjects on which we have Y seafarers in each seminar. Among the conclu- guard against criminalisation in the event of an International Sail Endorsement Scheme (ISES). engaged with industry representatives to sions reached was that there is a gap between Seaways accident. The Institute is a charity and company This is a joint venture with Sail Training Interna- develop guidance and solutions. training and rapidly evolving technology. income 6% limited by guarantee which in the past ten years tional to provide a qualification endorsement for All these issues are debated within the DP and Publications Accreditations 19% or so has seen turnover of approximately £1 both square rig and fore and aft rig in that sector. Institute’s membership through the branch 41% million from membership and publications grow The Institute has also developed its accreditation and governance structure as well as in a to in the region of £3million with a more of specialist training providers including oil spill LinkedIn Group of some 15,000 maritime balanced range of funding (see pie chart on right). response and ship’s welfare visitors against professionals moderated by the staff. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) industry agreed standards. We have been work- The Institute also makes good use of Above: Pie chart showing income. The Institute is a charity is a major focus of the Institute’s work, both in ing with stakeholders to develop standards for Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and an and company limited by guarantee which in the past ten terms of promoting its necessity to the industry ice navigation training due to the growth of ship- eNewsletter to engage throughout the years or so has developed from a turnover of approximately as a whole and providing members with the ping operations in polar waters. This work has been industry. These are all forms of men- £1million from membership and publications to £3million. means to undertake, record and reflect on it. input to the IMO meetings on the Polar Code. toring on a mass scale in addition to There are many ways to carry out CPD in addition The largest training scheme run by the promoting the re-establishment of to formal courses. The Institute’s range of Institute on behalf of industry stakeholders is the one-to-one sharing of experiential Dynamic Positioning (DP) Scheme to train DP knowledge. Operators. Over 25,000 DP certificates have Improving the safety and been issued since the scheme’s inception in efficiency of shipping operations 1982 as the qualification is generally a charterer’s remains the primary aim of the requirement, and the demand for them has e Institute and features in the scalated rapidly in the past five years as oil many seminars and meetings exploration moved into deeper waters and the organised by staff and members. DP capable fleet grew strongly. It was certainly the case that we struggled to cope with this increase in very rapid demand but the staff of eighteen is now at full strength (half the total staff) and a new online application system is proving its worth in efficiency gains. As a result, a revised scheme came into force in January 2015 after two years’ negotiations within the industry. Revalidation of the certificate every five years was also introduced.

Main picture: Discoverer Inspiration, a Dynamic Positioning vessel. The largest training scheme run Left: A speaker from the floor at the Command by the Institute on behalf of industry stakeholders is the DP Scheme to train DP Operators. Over Seminar held at, and sponsored by, Trinity House. 25,000 DP certificates have been issued since the scheme’s inception in 1982. Photo: Transocean.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 28 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 29 by Tiina Tuurnala, Deputy Director General, Traffic and Information.

The Finnish Transport Agency: a young organisation with a long history

INLAND IS HEAVILY DEPENDENT ON MARITIME TRANSPORT. Over is also responsible for the 32 Finnish lock canals. 80% of our import and export goes through our ports. Because The most important of these is the 43 kilometre long Saimaa canal, which has a total of eight maritime transport is a vital part of the transport chain that supports locks and connects the large Saimaa water- Finland’s economy and the welfare of its citizens, the major ports course in the Eastern part of Finland to the needF to be kept open all year round. Finnish coastal areas, with their large Baltic Sea. The canal is normally closed during archipelago areas, shallow waters, rocky seabed and narrow fairways, are wintertime for a couple of months due to the ice conditions. The Saimaa Canal is a unique challenging to navigate even during the open water season. Ice conditions canal because almost half of it, including five during wintertime can make it even more challenging. Under these circum- of its locks, is located in Russian territory. The stances the consequences of a pollution accident would also be quite severe. area around the canal is being leased from the Therefore, it is very much in our interest to maintain and develop fairways Russian government to the Finnish government until 2063. with aids to navigation, Vessel Traffic Services, nautical charts and other In Finland the costs of fairway maintenance e-Navigation services which assist all merchant ships navigating our waters. are covered by fairway dues. The actual fairway maintenance work is nowadays almost totally Above: The Finnish Transport Agency’s icebreaker service A holistic view of the transport chain charted fairways. These fairways are marked by outsourced, but the tendering of maintenance is highly regarded. The Finnish Transport Agency (FTA) is a govern- more than 34,000 traditional maritime aids to contracts and supervision of maintenance work Above: An icebreaker towing. mental agency which was formed in 2010 by navigation (lighthouses, buoys, signs, leading is carried out by the Finnish Transport Agency. issues concerning winter navigation. The Finnish authorities. The so called FIMAC co-operation merging the Finnish Road Administration, the beacons and so forth), for which around 25,700 Contracting includes service and maintenance of Transport Agency and the Swedish Maritime was initiated over twenty years ago and is still a Finnish Rail Administration and the Finnish the Finnish Transport Agency is responsible. FTA waterways, for example maintenance dredging Administration closely co-ordinate and share unique example of extensive co-operation Maritime Administration. The history of all three and repairs and maintenance of the traditional aids their responsibilities of the icebreaker operations between authorities. At present, co-operating of these administrations goes back to the early to navigation. Ice conditions during wintertime in the northern Baltic Sea. Particularly in severe parties include the Finnish Transport Agency, the 19th century. FTA proudly continues the legacy cause some extra challenges to the maintenance winters, the Finnish and Swedish icebreakers Finnish Transport Safety Agency, the Finnish of these predecessors by assuming responsibility work. Floating aids to navigation may get divide the duties, thus ensuring optimal traffic Border Guard and the Finnish Navy. for the planning and maintenance of the major submerged under the moving ice, and after the flow to the ports of both countries. In addition to VTS services, the Finnish traffic infrastructure in Finland including roads, ice breakup, it is not uncommon that floating Transport Agency jointly operates a Ship Reporting railways and waterways. FTA employs aids to navigation have moved out of position Vessel Traffic Services System, GOFREP, in the Gulf of Finland with approximately 650 professionals. or have even completely disappeared from sight. The Finnish Transport Agency is also the vessel Estonia and Russia. There is regular and frequent The maritime sector of the Finnish Transport traffic service (VTS) authority in Finland. Almost passenger ferry traffic between Finland and Agency is responsible for the construction and Northern Challenges – winter navigation all of the Finnish merchant fairways are included Estonia in the Gulf of Finland area crossing the maintenance of the major part of the Finnish While ice conditions cause challenges to the in VTS areas. FTA operates three VTS centres: two gulf in a north-south direction. Russia has several waterways network and the related infrastructure maintenance of fairways, they also create a very for the coastal area, in Helsinki and Turku and large oil transportation ports at the east end of and services that ensure the safety of navigation, concrete obstacle for commercial vessel traffic. one in Lappeenranta for the Lake Saimaa area. the Gulf of Finland. Tankers going to and coming such as traditional aids to navigation. FTA also The Baltic Sea is an inland sea, and its northern The coastal area VTS centres provide all three from these ports follow the Gulf of Finland in an provides the three fundamental cornerstones of parts freeze every winter. In severe winters it can types of vessel traffic services: Information east-west direction. The routes of tankers and e-Navigation services: reliable chart information, freeze over completely. Ice conditions typically Service (INS), Traffic Organization Service (TOS) passenger ferries cross in the middle part of the reliable position information and reliable Above: In Finland the costs of fairway maintenance are covered by fairway dues. The actual fairway maintenance change continuously. Wind moves the ice fields and Navigational Assistance Service (NAS) 24 Gulf of Finland, creating an area with an communication links between shore and ship. work is nowadays almost totally outsourced. and the prevailing southwest wind tends to pack hours/day all year round. In the deep water increased risk of collision. Our first priority is to ensure the safe navigation ice walls around the Finnish port entrances. channel in Lake Saimaa INS is provided to The average depth of the Baltic Sea is only of vessels, but we also enable smoothness and Main picture: Fairways in Finnish waters are marked by more than 34,000 traditional aids to navigation of Ridged ice is much more difficult to deal with vessels when the Saimaa Canal is open for traffic. 57 metres, compared to the average depth of the efficiency of transportation. which 25,700 are the responsibility of the Finnish than an even ice cover, and in these cases Operation of the VTS centres is enabled by Mediterranean Sea which is 1.5 kilometres. Transport Agency. Providing safe waterway infrastructure icebreaker assistance is often necessary. It is maintaining a comprehensive traffic image The eastern part of the Gulf of Finland and the important to the Finnish economy and welfare of all of the Finnish sea areas. coastal areas are even shallower. The average The Finnish Transport Agency is responsible that the ports can be kept open all year round. For The traffic image is compiled using wide depth of the Gulf of Finland is 37 metres. for the maintenance of approximately 8,200 this reason ensuring smooth winter navigation ranging coastal AIS and a radar sensor network. Accidents in the area could have disastrous kilometres of coastal fairways and 8,000 is one of the key tasks of the Finnish Transport The Finnish system for maritime traffic monitoring effects on the environment, marine life and the kilometres of inland waterways. The total length, Agency. This includes ordering icebreaking and search and rescue with its sensors and coastlines of the surrounding states. To mitigate some 16,200 kilometres, includes 3,900 kilometres services and making the authority decisions arrangements for information exchange is developed, the risk, a mandatory traffic separation scheme of fairways used for merchant shipping. In total, associated with winter navigation. FTA continually and to a large extent acquired, through a joint and ship reporting system have been established Finland has around 20,150 kilometres of public, collaborates with its Swedish counterpart on procurement with other Finnish maritime in the area. The jointly operated SRS system is  Continued on page 32.

Photographs reproduced by kind permission of the Finnish Transport Agency ©2015.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 30 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 31 The Finnish Transport Agency:

a young organisation with a long history  Continued from page 31.

also a unique example of cross border co-operation navigators are required by the IMO and the in all coastal areas and in the Lake Saimaa area. information and virtual aids to navigation. In the mariners, we will test and validate the planned the plans can be observed at an early stage, and in traffic monitoring. The three countries involved: national safety authority to have onboard. The provision of the service is co-ordinated with future when the system evolves to VHF Data concepts in projects and test beds.The project vessels will be notified of these observations. The Finland, Estonia and Russia all monitor their own Sweden to achieve more reliable service with Exchange System (VDES) there will be more Enhanced Navigation Support Information (ENSI) aim is to reduce the possibility of human errors areas of responsibility and exchange ship reports Enabling future e-Navigation fewer transmitting stations in the Gulf of Bothnia. bandwidth available and we expect to use this is a test bed for a two-way electronic navigation made during route planning. Route plans received and other relevant information in real time. There are a few basic elements that have to be FTA has closely followed the development of communication link increasingly for ship-to- service that could increase vessel traffic safety from vessels are also incorporated in the VTS in place before e-Navigation can become a resilient Positioning, Navigation and Timing shore and shore-to-ship communication. and facilitate the work on ships’ bridges. Currently centres’ real time traffic image to help detect Hydrographic Services reality. These include reliable electronic charts, (PNT) and even carried out some of its own the service is being piloted in the coastal VTS possible traffic congestion and risk situations in The Finnish Transport Agency is also a national reliable electronic position information and tests related to terrestrial backup Looking into the future centres in co-operation with several Finnish ship- advance. Automatic alarms will also help the VTS authority in publishing nautical charts for com- communication links between shore and ship. systems (e.g. R-mode of MF-transmissions). The Finnish Transport Agency will be responsible ping companies. Through ENSI, a vessel’s tactical operators focus their attention on areas where it mercial shipping and other waterborne vessels. The Finnish Transport Agency is contributing to FTA also maintains the Finnish National for providing many of the planned services in the route plan is sent out to maritime authorities. The will be needed. When using the service, vessels The current portfolio for printed and electronic all three of these elements in Finnish waters. AIS network. Currently there is only a limited e-Navigation Maritime Service Portfolios. To safety of the voyage plans will be automatically plan their route with ECDIS as usual, and using a charts covers all Finland’s sea areas and major We are responsible for providing official amount of information services provided via make sure the planned services are useful to checked in advance. All anomalies or defects in simple chart application, they can send the route inland lakes. In addition to chart publication, electronic charts of our waters. To support and this communication link. We provide some plan to VTS. Using the same application, they can FTA provides Notices to Mariners, chart update secure the GNSS-based electronic navigation basic information using AIS Application Specific also give the information that is required in the services and other related publications which FTA provides a DGNSS augmentation service Messages (ASM), for example meteorological mandatory report for GOFREP. The aim is to lessen the burden on board and the need for VHF communication when vessels enter the area. Also ordering a pilot for Finnish ports can be done at the same time. After navigators have sent their route plan, they will be able to easily see if the route plan is safe or if there is a need for altering the route. At the same time navigators can choose other information that will be displayed on the chart. This includes information on weather and ice conditions, ice waypoints, navigational warnings and information about other possible hazards or any- thing unusual along the route that pertains to the planned voyage. The technology for providing the services currently tested in the ENSI project is developing rapidly. The Clockwise from top left: Finnish Transport Agency will continue the • The Finnish Transport Agency is also the vessel traffic development of these services and route services (VTS) authority in Finland. Almost all of the exchanges in collaboration with other authorities Finnish merchant fairways are included in VTS areas. and test beds. This will ensure that the develop- FTA operates three VTS centres: two for the coastal area, ment will lead to harmonized services and enable in Helsinki and Turku and one in Lappeenranta for the Lake Saimaa area. some of the planned services to be operational in the near future. • The Saimaa canal in winter. Extract from FTA General Navigational Chart INT1024. Top: The Saimaa Canal is unique as almost half of it, • including five of its locks, is located in Russian territory. • Vessels plan their route with ECDIS and using a simple chart application, can send the route Above: The Saimaa canal in summer. In the deep water plan to the VTS centre. channel in Lake Saimaa a navigation service (INS) is provided to vessels when the Saimaa Canal is open for traffic. Main picture: While ice conditions cause challenges to the maintenance of fairways, they also create a very concrete obstacle for commercial vessel traffic.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 32 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 33 by Paul Ridgway

The Mysteries of the Order Book

NE OF THE MANY BOOKS TO BE KEPT AT A TRINITY HOUSE STATION that it should at all times be kept in the cupboard and Captains Edwin Parry Nisbet and Charles location is not given. However, it was necessary add as respects the Assistant Keeper above referred of the Water Room. I am directed to signify their Granger Weller, Elder Brethren of the Honourable that a form of safety circular had to be issued to to, that had it not been for his previous good record is the hardback, ruled Order Book. The publication was to be, in the surprise at this instance of neglect of the Superin- Corporation and TH Farr, Secy of the Board of the Service and from the Withernsea Order Book he would have been much more severely dealt with. words of the Service Regulations: ‘Entered up in the proper manner, tendent’s Orders, and that any repetition of such Trade.’ Those present signed the Order Book and the following instruction was written out and Charles Alston Kent, Secretary to the Corporation. O disobedience will subject the Keepers to dismissal the following was added: ‘The Lamp was lighted applied to the Order Book, presumably before At Barrow Deep Lightvessel (formerly Princes kept for reference’ Interestingly, this was one of a broad selection of titles kept from the Corporation’s Service.’ by Lady Arrow at Sunset and all left in working the days of duplicators or the Roneo system: Enter’d this 2nd day of April 1852 Channel Lightvessel) the Order Book starts on 6 at a Trinity House station and of course the list varied from lightvessel, order, long may it continue.’ Trinity House 11 February 1895. by the Superintendent, order of the Corporation. April 1854 when the station was visited by Captains It has been brought to the notice of the Board that, Henry Bax, William Pigott and T Narramore Were. lighthouse or tender and included Whitaker’s Almanac and Pear’s Encyclopaedia At Withernsea Lighthouse the light was exhibited on the occasion of a Fire which recently occurred in On 19 May 1900 a letter was written into Holyhead Breakwater light was inaugurated in for the first time at sunset on 1 February 1894. the Lantern of a Lighthouse, the Assistant Keeper was as well as various items of stationery and reference works necessary for the the Order Book from Trinity House London reading: 1873 and the Order Book carries the following From the Order Book we note that modernisation absent from the premises and in the adjoining house efficient accounting of stores and in the running of a light station. These ‘It having been represented to the Board by on its first page: ‘On the 19th August 1873 after gathered momentum in 1936 for in accordance after sunset, the Elder Brethren have ordered that for the War Office authorities that extra expense is amount to: the Oil Book, the Fog Signal Store Account Book, the Circular Book, the ceremony of declaring the Holyhead Breakwater with Notice to Mariners No 8 of that year we this serious breach of the Regulations, he be severely occasioned and much additional time occupied in complete and open this Light House was handed see that the Light (Electric) was installed and reprimanded and removed at his own expense to the International Code of Signals, the Medical Guide, Brown’s Flags and Funnels, effecting Repairs to signal guns in cases where over to the charge of the Trinity House by the exhibited on the 17 September 1936 at sunset another Station; – The Principal Keeper who was attempts have been made by inexperienced Persons and Commander Irving’s Bends, Hitches, Knots and Splices. To this were added Rt Honle Chichester Fortescue MP President of the with altered character:-‘The new character is as primarily to blame for the mishap, being placed on to rectify damage that may have been caused by Board of Trade in the presence of HRH The Duke of follows:- one white flash of about 0.1 second every Pensions List for neglect of written orders in not instruction cards for Morse and semaphore as well as directions as for the use them. I am to signify the instructions of the Elder Edinburgh, the Master, HRH The Prince of Wales an 2.5 seconds.’ In the Service in the 1890s there having a Bucket and Flannels in the Lantern, and for his Brethren that you caution the Officers of Light of the Schermuly pistol rocket apparatus. Elder Brother Sir Fred k Arrow the Deputy Master had occurred a fire at a station but the general inefficiency when the fire originated. I am to Vessels to exercise great care in dealing with the guns, especially when engaged in cleaning out the In a steam vessel the ship’s order book carried Vent by means of the steel “bit” which work should instructions as to the duties of the Deck Watch, not be attempted by an inexperienced member of that the volume should be: ‘kept up to date the crew, also, that in the event of a gun becoming and readily available to all concerned. The Order Illustrated here is a facsimile of the Order Book’s opening pages from unserviceable no attempt be made to remedy the Book was directed to be kept in the charge of the Holyhead Breakwater light inaugurated by the Master, HRH Prince defect but that the same be at once reported.’ Master and to be seen and initialled by the District Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, on 19 August 1873. Superintendent monthly. Committees afloat may Signed Chas. A. Kent, Superintendent enter any orders that may be considered necessary 15 May 1919 J Hattersley, Superintendent for the general efficiency of the vessel.’ commented: ‘…the manual Fog Horn to be Of course, the first entry in any lightvessel or cleaned up & kept in order…The Hammocks lighthouse Order Book was that concerning the of Naval Ratings to be scrubbed.’ first putting in of the light and the last edition of the Book, or a series of Books, closed with a 10 July 1929 A further notice by the Superintendent: report of stores being removed and the light being ‘Inspected from Alert S/T on relief. Vessel clean decommissioned. The annual Visiting Committee and efficient. Mechanic (AGA) visited ship on of Inspection also commented within on the 8 July and took ashore the upper mixer.’ state of the station and mention was made of On 5 August 1931 a line from N J Williams, the Elder Brethren making the inspection. Master, Satellite: ‘…AGA representative visited & inspected apparatus.’ A dip into Order Books of the past make interesting reading: War clouds had gathered and on 7 June 1940; For example on 9 July 1851 at Plymouth ‘No 83 LV towed from station & placed at Barrow Breakwater Lighthouse we read:‘It having come Deep (Admiralty Station) to ground moorings to the knowledge of a Committee of Elder Brethren 100fms NE & SW arms 20fm G. Riding chain 1 5/8" that persons are in the habit of visiting the Light breeches. No 26 towed to London.’ N G Williams,Master. House on Sundays the Light Keepers are hereby 28 October 1940. By A. Morrell ‘No 83 visited order’d not to admit any visitors on that day – there from Triton by Deputy Master. Certain damage to being six days in the week for viewing the building lantern etc. caused by magnetic mine. Mechanic without intruding on the Sabbath.’ Rigg joined from Triton to attend to same. Captain William E Farrer Captain Henry Shuttleworth Otherwise all well.’ Captain James Drew 28 November 1940. Barrow Deep Station The Superintendent, Captain T E Ditcham was discontinued & vessel withdrawn owing to forced to make the following entry in 1852: ‘The war conditions. Elder Brethren having visited this lighthouse and Signed S W A Jarrett Chief Superintendent, 28 March 1949. observed a beer barrel placed in the Oil Room, I look forward to turning the pages of the Order after it had been directed by the Superintendent Book as the months go by.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 34 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 35 Trinity House Yeomen

vessels, diving support craft, the accommodation The paths trodden by Trinity House Yeomen semi-submersible flotel and 3D seismic survey ships. Many of these require officers to have N 1994 THE ELDER BRETHREN OF TRINITY HOUSE HAD THE FORESIGHT ranks to become the senior staff in luxury cruise Dynamic Positioning Operators’ qualifications. ships, conveying passengers to spectacular One of these sophisticated vessels is the world’s to support the Merchant Navy Scholarship Scheme designed for cadets to locations around the world. There are also those largest six legged wind turbine installation vessel. achieve their Certificate of Competency and more recently the Officer of working as professional crew in super yachts Our Yeomen are working in shore-based I ranging from 50 metres to 160 metres in length. employment and now influence commercial the Watch certification. In 2002 the Yeoman scheme was introduced in order In coastal waters there are Yeomen as deck shipping in many varied vocations. The seafarer to encourage those cadets, once they had qualified, to maintain a link with and engineering officers in Trinity House and may hope to avoid an inspector for the Marine Trinity House. Today, we have a pool of a hundred Yeomen and the Fraternity Irish Lights vessels, commercial sand dredgers, Accident Investigation Branch but will no doubt fisheries research and protection vessels. On benefit from the wisdom of their published is interested to know what has happened to these past cadets. How far afield reaching port Yeomen can be found overseeing reports on maritime incidents written by a Yeoman. have the Yeomen reached in the maritime industry and what experiences have vessel traffic services, as assistant harbour Further education has played an important Navy. Another one is providing seafarers with they gained on their individual career paths? masters and tug crew. role for many. One person completed a BSc There are those that do not stop their Honours top up degree course, then was advice and guidance through the seafarers’ union ships and in management ashore. Yeomen are interest in the sea when they are home on leave, awarded a degree in Marine Operations Manage- Nautilus International and the International found in employment as ship operators and one worked as a volunteer with the Jubilee ment and is now embarked on the Institute of Shipping Federation. managers, working with vessels carrying Sailing Trust, another had his first command on Chartered Shipbrokers’ examinations. Another Yeomen can be found in education establish- hazardous cargoes on Moss-Rosenberg, Membrane mv Balmoral, a ship included in the UK’s chose the legal profession and is now working as ments for example training seafarers in maritime and ‘Q-Max’ LNG carriers; crude oil and product National Historic Fleet. a solicitor for a company located just a stone’s and offshore safety, teaching lifeboat skills, sea tankers, Floating Production Storage and Further afield there are superintendents and throw away from Trinity Square. Others work survival, fast rescue boat operations and introducing Offloading (FPSO) vessels and transporting managers of specialist vessels and associated with P&I Clubs as claims handlers. underwater escape training courses. nuclear material. Yeomen have supported military services in the Australian and Asia Pacific region; One engineer was awarded a degree with the A number of others are still pursuing careers operations into Iraq and protected shipping from then there are those working in cold weather Open University then became a Fellow of the both within and without the maritime sector. Somali pirates. Closer to home they are working operations with the British Antarctic Survey. Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and The Trinity House Board remains interested ferries around the British Isles, whether this is Worldwide there are Yeomen working as Technology (IMarEST) and an Incorporated and committed to support Yeomen as they crossing some of the busiest shipping lanes in the engineers, deck officers and managers in the Engineer. As a ship manager he may find Yeomen continue their career paths. Yeomen may seek world or navigating, ship handling, berthing and offshore industry specialising in the construction colleagues in competitor companies working as advice and information from a pool of 50 Above left: Trinity House Yeoman Will Whatley is serving as anchoring in Scottish lochs and sounds. and decommissioning of oil, gas exploration and superintendents or responsible for all ISM/ISPS* Younger Brethren each of whom is a leader and Chief Officer in a vessel of the British Antarctic Survey. Above: Richard O’Donnell, right, and his father. Small coasters tramping around European production and wind farm structures. This work activities as the company Security Officer and specialist in their field of maritime expertise. Above right: Yeomen go afloat in sophisticated craft such as the Father and son both in the maritime business. ports have provided some with a fast learning requires operating vessels specially designed and Designated Person Ashore. Those wishing to know more about the world’s largest six legged wind turbine installation vessel, Pacific Orca, shown above. In response to a request for a short biography, curve on cargo and ship operations. One person constructed and with engineering that is using There are those supporting industry trade scheme should contact Captain John Rose replies revealed men and women have worked in enjoyed time in a collier trading to Kent, but some of the most technically demanding associations, a Yeoman runs the UK Chamber of (Chairman: The Trinity House Yeomen Scheme) Above:Yeoman Andrew Corrie is afloat in Pacific Orca. over a hundred countries around the world, for European legislation related to the burning of equipment on the high seas today. These include Shipping’s Careers at Sea website and the by email at [email protected] Main picture, below: Will Whatley returning to RRS Ernest Shackleton. government and commercial vessels, employed coal ended the trade and the ships were sold. platform supply vessels, anchor handlers, emergency Careers at Sea Ambassador scheme, promoting as deck, engineer and electro-technical officers in Yeomen have worked their way through the response and rescue vessels, heavy lift pipe-lay education and training within the Merchant

* International Safety Management Code/International Ship & Port Facility Security Code.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 36 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 37 Visit of HRH The Master to Walmer Homes and THVAlert

N 21 APRIL HRH THE MASTER VISITED the Senior Captain at the Homes. Thereafter Her Trinity Homes Walmer accompanied by her Royal Highness met as many of the residents as Lady-in-Waiting, Mrs Margaret Hammond, were able and after signing the Visitors’ Book she and the Lord Lieutenant Viscount De L’Isle. They departed for Dover Harbour. were in turn introduced to the Executive Chairman, At the tug berth the Master was met by Captain Captain Ian McNaught, Captain Colin Stewart, Tony Wright, Trinity House Marine Superintendent (Elder Brother with the Homes portfolio) then to who introduced the CO of THV Alert, Commander Commander Graham Hockley, Secretary to the Ben Lankester. Corporation, Mrs Joanna Hockley and Mrs Carole Passage was taken to the Varne Bank to show Furness, Supervisor of the Homes.The party viewed the Master how the new buoyage has reduced the the Gardens and were introduced to Captain and number of vessel infringements into the Varne Mrs Lawrence Stroud in their bungalow. Residents Bank Alarm Zone. An opportunity was taken for gathered in the Common Room for coffee and Mrs her to tour the ship and to inspect its multibeam Furness presented Captain Edwin (Ted) Robinson, sonar before returning to Dover and departing. Above: Captain Colin Stewart (Elder Brother), HRH The Master, Lieutenant-Commander John Above: HRH The Master with Captain Ted Robinson (Walmer Senior Captain aged 94), Mr Brian Davies and Mrs Valerie May. (Radio Officer) and Mrs Breda Sutton. All Images by Mark Dalton © Trinity House 2015. House Trinity © Dalton Mark by Images All

Above: Extreme left, the Secretary, Commander Graham Hockley, Captain Ted Robinson, Mrs Carole From left to right:Rob Fenwick, Chief Engineer, Commander Ben Lankester, Captain Tony Wright (partly Furness (Homes Supervisor), HRH The Master and Mrs Mary Dunn (Deputy Supervisor). hidden behind the Master), 2/O Ryan Palmer, 2/O Neal Sandquest, AB/Mechanic Mark Howard and Mechanic/AB Owen Gow (shaking hands with the Master).

TVH Alert arriving at the western entrance to Dover Harbour.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 38 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 39 Adnams Lighthouse beer Winners of 2014 Trinity House Awards Weddings / Births around the Service

Adnams Lighthouse beer competition On 13 November the Trinity House Annual Awards Weddings Births The photograph below was taken as part of the ceremony took place at Tower Hill to recognise The Editor would like to apologise for failing to To Joanna Thornicroft, Procurement Manager, TH500 celebrations, specifically a promotion the achievements of several members of staff and include the following wedding notice in the last and Kevin, a son, Thomas Alfred, on 22 December undertaken during 2014 with Adnams of Southwold some contractors in a busy and successful year. issue of Flash: 2014. He weighed 9lb 6oz. whereby their Lighthouse bottled beer (see right) Awards for long service were presented to Gavin On 13 June 2014 Hanna Smith, Commercial was branded for a limited time with the TH500 Johnson, Simon Wakelin, Stephenie Rawlins, Administrator married Adam Mayhew on the logo and Adnams used their website to promote Wayne Belsey, Nicholas Davies, Dawn Culleyand beach in Gran Bahia Principe Akumal, Mexico, awareness of our 500th anniversary. Denis Pitt. All have completed 25 years service. surrounded by close family and friends; a second Paul Howe reported: ‘Three competitions were Sarah Harman and Russell Clarke (absent) reception was held at The Waterfront, Dovercourt, run by Adnams. The first was to win a case of Light- received an award for their work in creating a Fixed in July. house beer, the second was a trip with a technician Asset Register in a format that could be used by to maintain Southwold Lighthouse and to have a tour not only Trinity House but also the other General of the Adnams brewery. The third competition was Lighthouse Authorities and the support they gave to win a week-long stay in a lighthouse cottage. to the Commissioners of Irish Lights in populating ‘According to Adnams these competitions and helping them with the revaluation aspect of obtained the best response to any promotion under- the register. taken online by the company in recent years with in Malcolm Nicholson was similarly awarded for excess of 4000 entrants.’ achieving his fellowship of the Royal Institution of Navigation for his ‘contribution to the improved safety of navigation’. The award for Outstanding Team Achievement Benefitting Trinity House was presented to THV Patricia crewmen Jon Kidd, Jamie Campbell, Kevin Taylor, Daniel Griffin, Bradley Thomas, Colin Williams and Daniel Pritchard for attend- ing a Mayday situation on a Dive Vessel in the Western Dover Strait on 14 June 2014. Above: Gavin Johnson receiving his award for Long Service from Congratulations Christmas cards and Calendars In addition all the crew on the Port and Captain Ian McNaught, Executive Chairman. Starboard watches of THV Alert are recommended Dr Nick Ward At the 59th Session of the IALA At this time of the year plans are in hand for the Below, at Adnams’s brewery, from left to right: Master Brewer for an award for their repair work to No 17 the Trinity House Vessels over many years Council held in St Germain-en-Laye last December next Trinity House Christmas card and our ever- Fergus Fitzgerald, Tour Guide Jane Leonard, Angela Beaver and Sarah Lightvessel following damage by MV Bramau. (collected by Chris Fields and Matt Hammond) Dr Nick Ward, Director of Research & Radionavi- popular Lighthouses Calendar. Parkinson (the two prize winners who won the maintenance visit Recognising the importance of Health and gation of the General Lighthouse Authoritiess, was Readers are invited to keep in touch with to Southwold Lighthouse) with Senior Technician Paul Dunning. Job related professional qualifications were Safety in the workplace, certificates of merit were created an Honorary Personal Member of IALA for Commercial Services at Trinity House Harwich by achieved by: collected by Malcolm Johns and Terry Graves on his contribution to the international development telephone on +44(0)1255 245156 where details Chris Pearson: Postgraduate Diploma behalf of Engineering and Field Operations who and standardisation of maritime radionavigation may be obtained and orders placed. in Advanced Engineering Design achieved a zero reportable accident rate since and related systems over many years. At IALA Eventually orders may be made online at Nick Chappell: NVQ Level 3 in Engineering September 2010. he served as chair of the Radionavigation and www.trinityhouse.co.uk/commercial/giftshop/ Technical Support All Trinity House vessels in the year under review AIS Committees and then as vice-chair of the using a credit or debit card. Mike Gardner: NVQ Level 3 in Engineering excelled in their safety standards, with only one e-Navigation Committee for its first eight years. Maintenance MAIB reportable incident across the fleet. As such Lighthouse Photography Competition Aaron Thurlow: BTEC Level 3 Advanced each vessel was awarded a Certificate of Merit for Choose your favourite image from the 12 which Certificate in Electrical Engineering their work in reducing accidents. Awards were will feature in the 2016 'Lighthouses' calendar. Thomas Arculus: Bachelor Degree in Law collected by Owen Gow (Alert), Jonathan Vote now for your favourite - the overall winner Emmeline Payne: Chief Mate’s Certificate Turnbull (Patricia) and Richard Grieve (Galatea). will be awarded with a stay at one of our beautiful of Competency Finally, a Certificate of Commendation was Lighthouse Holiday Cottages (see below). Robert Dale: Master of Business Administration awarded to Jon Cuthbert, Paul Dunning, Tina Do you have a photo of one of our Trinity Joanna Thornicroft: CIPS Level 4 Diploma in Gochin (absent) and Jason Hollands for coming House's lighthouses? To vote and to submit your Procurement and Supply to the aid of a seriously injured motorbike rider image for our 2017 calendar visit: Jonathan Billot: Deck Cadet of the Year, outside the Harwich premises and controlling the www.trinityhouse.co.uk/lighthouses/photography-competition Warsash Maritime Academy situation until the emergency services arrived. The Lawrence Hughes: Microsoft Certified Solutions medics and police on scene were extremely Expert Qualification grateful for the first aid care administered and the Honouring the Corporation’s long term part- continued help offered. All staff that attended this nerships with some excellent contractors, two incident promoted the best professional standards He is a Chartered Engineer, Chartered IT awards were given this year: to Bam Nuttall, for that we strive to achieve at Trinity House and Professional, a Fellow of the Royal Institute of their work on Nab Tower (collected by Mike Hodgson), Certificates of Commendation were awarded to Navigation and an Associate Fellow of the Nautical and to Yare Shipping for supply of food stores to those involved accordingly. Institute.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 40 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 41 NeW BOOKS RETIREMENTS /pROmOTiONS around the Service

Pilot Cutters Under Sail: Pilots and Pilotage LONDON’S SAILORTOWN 1600-1800 WELLINGTON portrayed in Britain and Northern Europe. By Derek Morris and Ken Cozens (paperback). By Charles Wellesley, Marquess of Douro (hardback). By Tom Cunliffe (hardback). Published by Seaforth Published by The East London History Society. Published by Unicorn Press Ltd. 240 pages. Publishing. 224 pages ISBN 978 1 84832 154 0 207 pages. ISBN 978 0 9564779 2 7. ISBN 978 1 910065 12 9 Price: £30.00 Price: £12.60 Price: £30.00

Commander Roger Swinney THS as a splendid venue eagerly sought after for meetings, (seen here above with HRH Prince Philip, Immediate conferences, receptions, weddings and so forth. In Past Master). After 29 years’ service on 25 November uniform Reg was on duty at Trinitytide. Away from Published in association with the Royal Yacht Subtitled A social history of Shadwell and Ratcliff, This year the nation commemorates the bicen- Commander Roger Swinney retired. Captain Tony Trinity House he was an accomplished shot and for Squadron which this year celebrates its bicentenary an early modern London riverside suburb this tenary of the Battle of Waterloo in which Arthur, Wright, Marine Superintendent writes: ‘He joined more than 35 years a dedicated wildfowler on the this book is by an established author who has valuable history is available from the Society at Duke of Wellington (the ‘Iron Duke’) with an Commodore Jim Scorer FNI FCMI RN Trinity House in March 1985 as a temporary Second Essex marshes, particularly Foulness, and successfully written on traditional sail and working craft www.eastlondonhistory.org.uk From here, east Anglo-Dutch-Prussian army defeated Napoleon The early retirement due to recent health compli- Officer assigned to the guard ships that were protecting trained generations of dogs to the gun. In an earlier where he is no stranger to the pilot cutter. These of the Tower, one of the world’s great industrial in June 1815. He was twice prime minister, one cations was announced at the end of February of the Channel cable crossing construction complex. life he had worked for the manufacturer of the vessels operating around the coasts of northern complexes was created to build, fit out, main- of the leading figures in the House of Lords, and Commodore Jim Scorer, Director of Operations, an Roger was permanently employed in February 1988 Sterling machine gun in Dagenham and for forty Europe until the First World War were amongst tain, victual and man ships which ventured remained Commander-in-Chief of the British appointment he had held since 2007. On his and has since served on each of the service vessels at years was on the maintenance staff of the Ford the most seaworthy and beautiful craft of their across the globe and became known worldwide. Army until his death in 1852. From 1826 he was retirement the Executive Chairman, Captain Ian one time or another plus undertaken occasional Motor Company. size ever built. Few have survived to inspire yacht It should not be forgotten that here Trinity Constable of HM Tower of London, from 1829 McNaught, paid tribute by reflecting upon Jim’s secondment ashore in Navigation and Operations. designers, sailors and traditional craft enthusiasts. House, too, had its being for the Corporation Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and from 1837 energy, enthusiasm and commitment that he had Roger stood by the building of THV Alert and was in In their day pilot cutters possessed lines unlike settled in White Horse Street, Ratcliff after leaving Master of Trinity House. In Light Upon The Waters shown within the role of Director of Operations. command for the delivery voyage from Poland PROMOTIONS any other working craft and were known for their Deptford in 1618 before moving further west authors Andrew Adams and Richard Woodman During this time Jim Scorer was instrumental to Harwich. Roger remained in command of Alert Commander Dave CooperTHS speed, strength and seaworthiness combined to Water Lane in the City in 1660 although tell us: ‘… he gave the Corporation considerable in moving the Lighthouse Service forward, until June 2011 when he transferred to THV Commander Dave Cooper of THVPatricia has been with sound design, build and rig delivered to the Brethren returned to Deptford to dine political gravitas…’ Court Minutes refer to including the incorporation of new tonnage with Patricia as Chief Officer and relief Master before promoted to Captain. Dave joined Trinity House as provide an exemplary craft to enable the pilot each Trinitytide. correspondence from him at Walmer on light- vessels such as Galatea and Alert. He reorganised returning to resume command of Alert. Roger 3rd Officer in 2002 and in his time with the Service to work with confidence in difficult conditions. In St Dunstan’s Church, Stepney, is a memorial house and pilotage business. One indicates: ‘… the front line of Trinity House as a General Light- starred in a number of TV productions involving he has served as 3rd, 2nd and 1st Officer in various There is no shortage of Trinity House references to Sir Thomas Spert of the parish. He was one of His Grace will be pleased to sit for his Portrait to be house Authority and thereby enabled it to deliver Trinity House demonstrating his true professionalism Trinity House vessels; he also enjoyed a three-year in this book for the Corporation has been in- the original petitioners to Henry VIII in 1513 and drawn in the costume of an Elder Brother by such operations more efficiently. Part of this was the and extensive knowledge of the organisation. His spell as Marine Planner in the Trinity House volved with maritime pilotage in these waters for became the first Master of Trinity House the Artist of Eminence as His Grace may nominate for development of a new Planning Centre, arrange- upbeat nature and endearing sense of humour has Operations and Planning Centre. Dave obtained his more than five centuries. Today, it has a deep sea following year. Members of the Fraternity lived that purpose…’ The Court commissioned the ments for the Tri-General Lighthouse Authority left an indelible mark on many of his friends and Master Mariners Certificate in 2012 and has since pilotage licensing responsibility and it is good to locally. In Ratcliff was the Ballast Office, another portrait by John Lucas (1807-1874) which now helicopter contract due to be implemented later colleagues at Trinity House.’ spent periods in acting command of THVs Alert, see the Trinity House official history, Light Upon responsibility of the Corporation and one which hangs in the Luncheon Room at Trinity House. this year and the continued modernisation of our Galatea and Patricia. Dave took up his new role as the Waters, by Captain Andrew Adams and the authors expand upon. They have skillfully This large format (305 x 260mm) is a revision lighthouse estate. Reg Rowles Master of THV Patricia, Port Watch, in January. Captain Richard Woodman being acknowledged brought together a wealth of material of so of a 1935 book and indicates the whereabouts of Born in 1953 he joined Britannia Royal Naval Reg Rowles of the Corporate Department at as a source for further study. many facets of a riverside community each of likenesses of Wellington, probably the most College Dartmouth in 1973 and had a distin- Trinity House retired in November 2014 at the age Commander Bob CulleyTHS Profusely illustrated and well researched which ensured the smooth operation of painted and sculpted individual in British history: guished naval career in which he filled seagoing, of 71. He joined in 2005. On Tower Hill, firstly Commander Bob Culley has been promoted to Cunliffe’s book describes the craft, their crews and commerce for the period under review. This saw the National Portrait Gallery alone holds 339 staff and NATO appointments culminating in that under Maintenance Manager Brian Lane then the Captain. Bob joined Trinity House as 3rd Officer in the pilots and the skills needed for the competitive great expansion east of the City, increased traffic images of Wellington versus 84 for Nelson, 85 for of Director, Maritime, at the Defence Academy, current post holder Ian Rider, his responsibilities 2005 and in his time with the Service he has served and dangerous work of pilotage. He explains the into the port and the beginnings of the East Marlborough, 90 for Henry VIII and 125 for Elizabeth I. Shrivenham. He was admitted as a Younger included cleaning and maintenance of the House, as 2nd and 1st Officer in various Trinity House differences between the craft of the waters of the India Company with all that entailed and many The book provides historical background with Brother in 2007 and an Elder Brother the same its furnishings and fittings as well as daily vessels; Bob obtained his Master Mariners Certifi- Isles of Scilly, Bristol Channel, northern France, the references are indexed. Overall there was created copiously-illustrated narrative of Wellington’s life, year. As Director of Operations he was a member preparation of ceremonial rooms for events. Other cate in 2013 and has since spent periods in English Channel, Thames Estuary and Norway – a network trading internationally with merchants attitude to sitting, notes on painters, sculptors and of the Lighthouse Board and with regard to the activities including guidance of contractors during acting command of THVs Alert, Galatea and and weaves into the history of their development financing a lasting British Empire with Trinity caricaturists who captured the distinctive face and Corporation he continues as a member of the the annual Summer refit thus ensuring the best Patricia. Bob is currently Master of THV Galatea, the stories of the men who sailed them. House close to the centre. features to be found in many collections. Corporate Board. facilities for our clients and maintaining our position Starboard Watch.

FLASH Summer 2015 Page 42 FLASH Summer 2015 Page 43 STARTERS AND LEAVERS OBITUARIES around the Service

STARTERS LEAVERS completely familiar with the theory which was always Royal Escorts and annual Cowes Week events. Welcome to the following new members of staff We bid farewell, extend our thanks for their prepared to share with others – this included the Duke ‘During this time Ray showed great patience and who have joined us between 1 October and service and wish them well in their futures to: of Edinburgh on his occasional visits to Galatea. aptitude in instructing junior officers and seamen in 31 May 2015. ‘Two of John’s proudest professional moments their duties and skills, and many have since Tower Hill came in 2007, firstly taking command of Galateafor commented on this attribute. Ray later went on to SVS Anna Gibb, Legal Advisor, Full-time employee, the delivery trip and bringing her into Harwich for the serve as Chief Officer in the new Mermaid, before David Porter, Seaman, Full-time employee, after three years’ service on 14 December 2014. first time and then taking her up to the Pool of returning once more to Patricia upon promotion to 8 October 2014. SVS London and welcoming HM The Queen on board for Commander THS in 1999, and continued to serve in Livis Skrundenieks, Seaman Auxiliary, Full-time the official naming ceremony; both of these events Patricia until his retirement in February 2002. Ray Adrian Sear, Seaman, Full-time employee, less employee, 8 October 2014. were accomplished with John’s customary high level had a very dry sense of humour, and a great skill at than one year’s service on 8 October 2014. of professionalism. cartoon sketching. It was not uncommon to come Scott Ravizza, Engine Room Assistant, Full-time Stephen Amner, Electro-Technical Officer, ‘At the time of John’s funeral, inevitably, many sto- onto the bridge after Ray had gone down below, and employee, 8 October 2014. Full-time employee, after 11 years’ service on ries and memories of John were shared; the impres- find a sketch on the chart table depicting some Iain Rowlands, Second Engineer Auxiliary, 9 October 2014. sions of John were all similar – highly competent, humorous or disastrous event that had occurred Full-time employee, 8 October 2014. John Hobson, Boatswain, Full-time employee, capable and professional; set high standards for his earlier in the day. In the days when we still relieved Nicholas Hill, Seaman Auxiliary, Full-time after ten years’ service on 14 November 2014. Captain John Mallett MNI THS crew but was also supportive and understanding of the lightvessels by ship, he produced a sketch showing During this time he was involved with the design employee, 29 October 2014. Craig Ramsay, Commander, Full-time employee, people’s needs; a good ambassador for Trinity House; the Cross Sand LV on her beam ends in a heavy sea, of the xenon electric arc lamp as a light source after four years’ service on 24 November 2014. Died 19 February 2015 suddenly, in command of Michael Marchetti, Electro-Technical Officer, highly respected by his colleagues; and passionate with a balloon reading “Good lee for the relief, sir” which was first installed at Dungeness Lighthouse, Roger Swinney, Commander, Full-time employee, THV Galatea at sea, at the age of 56. Before Full-time employee, 29 October 2014. about passing on his seafaring skills to the next directed at the approaching tender! built in 1961. He presented many papers to inter- after 29 years’ service on 25 November 2014. entering the Merchant Navy he worked in charter Summer Barbrook, Trainee Deck Rating, ‘Retiring in 2002 to his home in Mulbarton just national conferences on lighting and with IALA and Charles Darwall, Second Officer, Full-time fishing vessels then went to sea for initial training generation.’ Fixed term, 10 December 2014. south of Norwich, where he devoted much time to was editor and co-author of the first edition of the employee, less than one year’s service on in 1975 and for four years served in LPG bulk Commander Raymond Prain THS the National Coastwatch Institution, serving at International Dictionary of Aids to Marine Navigation, Ellis Robinson, Trainee Deck Rating, Fixed term, 15 December 2014. carriers of the Bibby Line. Died 10 January 2015 aged 77. Gorleston on Sea where he became a trustee, keep- published by IALA in English, French, German and 10 December 2014. Emmeline Payne, Second Officer, Full-time Captain Simon Robinson, Marine Operations Captain Tony Catesby writes: ‘Ray Prain was born ing a finger on the pulse, using the benefit of his local Spanish. Away from work he was a life-long James Charles, Second Officer, Full-time employee, after four years’ service on 7 January 2015. Manager, Younger Brother writes: ‘Bare facts do not and brought up in Dundee, before going away as a knowledge of that coastline to best advantage. He photographer, ciné film enthusiast, movie buff and employee, 31 December 2014. William Sadler, Captain, Full-time employee, get remotely close to explaining John’s personality and why his untimely death has had such an impact young man in 1954 retained his interest in classical music, sketching, connoisseur of music, art and architecture. Lloyd MacPhee, Trainee Deck Rating, Fixed term, after 12 years’ service on 21 January 2015. on those who worked with him. When John joined into the Merchant astronomy and model making. Ray frequently Dr Nick Ward writes: ‘Laury Reynolds was a 31 December 2014. Neil Williams, Carpenter, Full-time employee, Navy, like so many attended SVS reunions on an annual basis and always modest and approachable person who carried out after 14 years’ service on 22 February 2015. Trinity House in 1984 he had already served as Chief Benjamin Thompson, First Officer, Full-time young men in those enjoyed meeting up with his old friends. outstanding work on the science behind aids to Anthony Hill, Cook, Full-time employee, after Officer in gas tankers and it was immediately clear employee, 21 January 2015. that he was an exceptional practical seaman. It was days, when every- ‘Sadly his wife Shirley’s health started to fail in navigation, much of it still in use today. Through nine years’ service on 25 March 2015. Scott Garner, Seaman Auxiliary, Full-time also clear that he also had an abundance of person- one knew someone 2009 and Ray became her full time carer for the next his involvement with IALA, he ensured that his employee, 21 January 2015. Harwich ality, and was very much from the work hard – play who was at sea. Ray five years. By December 2014 she deteriorated and scientific knowledge and expertise benefited the lighthouse world and ultimately enhanced the Stephanie Keohane, Second Officer, Fixed term, Angela Duncan, Light Dues Administrator, Fixed term, hard school of seafaring. was to serve in had to be admitted to a nursing home just before safety of navigation.’ 11 February 2015. less than one year’s service on 31 October 2014. ‘His early days as 2nd Officer saw John working many ships, initially Christmas. Even more unfortunately Ray then Stephen Nunn, Finance Administrator, Fixed term, in various ships of the “old” Trinity House fleet, but sailing from Scottish suffered a heart attack on 10 January this year from less than one year’s service on 31 October 2014. when THV Mermaid was delivered in 1988 he was ports worldwide, before ending up for eighteen which he did not recover. His only daughter Charlotte Captain Douglas Leicester JP Harwich Sarah Gorham, Engineering Administrator, appointed to the starboard watch as part of the first months on the London to Australia run in the Orient was with him at the end having travelled to see him Died 8 January 2015 aged 94, retired Trinity House Robert Vanston, Procurement Manager, Full-time employee, after seven years’ service cadre of officers in the new ship, where as well as Liner Orcadesas Quartermaster, where he studied in that day. Ruler of Pilots, Gravesend. Richard Dobb recalls: Fixed term, on 1 October 2014. on 17 December 2014. proving himself a highly competent 2nd Officer, he his time off to obtain his BoT certificate for a career ‘From memory, Douglas must have been appointed Katrina Clover, Light Dues Administrator, Jill Aitken, Finance Administrator, Full-time employee, also introduced to the ship the challenge of making in navigation. Lawrence (Laury) Reynolds Ruler in about 1962 and I joined a year afterwards, Full-time employee, 3 November 2014. after nine years’ service on 28 December 2014. a circuit of the Officers’ Lounge without touching the ‘Avoiding the magnetic pull of the Northern Died 16 May 2015 aged 96, retired Principal working at Tower Hill. We became colleagues a few deck – the record for which he held until Mermaid Lighthouse Board, Ray joined Trinity House in 1963 Scientific Officer, Trinity House Lighthouse Service. years later when I was seconded to the Royal Terrace Julian Coles, Design Technician, Fixed term, Denis Gibbons, Apprentice, Full-time employee, was sold out of Service in 2007! initially in the Lightvessel Service based at Great Laury was born the day after Armistice Day Pier, Gravesend, on work connected with the pooling 17 November 2014. after two years’ service on 31 December 2014. Barry Corris, Supplies Officer, Full-time employee, ‘Promotion to Chief Officer came in 1992 and to Yarmouth and served on the Cross Sand LV as 1918 in Newport, Isle of Wight and educated at of pilots’ earnings. I consider that as Ruler of Pilots he Christopher Clayton, Design Technician, after 17 years’ service on 4 January 2015. substantive Master in 2002, in the first instance John Lamplighter, where he soon qualified to transfer into the Isle of Wight County Secondary School where had a terribly difficult job for there were many differ- Full-time employee, 17 November 2014. Christine Gochin, Field Operations Administrator, took command of THV Mermaid, but when the time the Steam Vessel Service as it was then known. He he was its first pupil to gain a place at Cambridge. ences and it was frequently remarkable how he was James Turner, Supplies Officer, Full-time Full-time employee, after 27 years’ service on came to select the first Master’s for THV Galatea on first joined THV Mermaid(1959) at Great Yarmouth Graduating during the early months of the able to defuse many highly charged and difficult employee, 15 December 2014. 1 February 2015. delivery in 2007 John’s exceptional competence in as Junior Second Officer in 1970, before going on to Second World War he joined the Admiralty as an situations with calm and a good dose of common Sarah Neal, Receptionist, Fixed term, Terence McBurney, Supplies Supervisor, Full-time both traditional and modern high-tech seamanship serve in Winston Churchill and Stella as Second Experimental Officer to work on the early sense. He soon came to earn the great respect of the 12 January 2015. employee, after six years’ service on 15 February 2015. made him a natural choice. Officer. Ray married Shirley in 1975 and in 1977 development of radar. warring factions that were the Channel and River ‘Once installed in the THV Galatea build team they had a daughter Charlotte. By 1979 Ray was At the cessation of hostilities he spent three Thames pilots, and here he was unique.’ All pilots Jenna Pedder, Purchasing Administrator, Swansea John demonstrated his adaptability and quickly promoted to Chief Officer and joined THV Patricia years as Senior Scientific Officer at the Radio were self-employed in those days. Douglas Fixed term, 9 February 2015. Denis Pitt, Supplies Manager, Full-time employee, became familiar with all of the systems in Galatea. In (1938) port watch, remaining in her until Research Station for the Department of Scientific & Leicester, the last Ruler of Pilots and holder of a Peter Hill, Estates and Property Manager, after 25 years’ service on 5 October 2014. particular he developed an exceptional understand- January 1982 when we stood by the new build Industrial Research, where he published papers on title dating back to the 17th century, was kindly Full-time employee, 9 March 2015. Robert Hewitt, Buoy Yard Team Member (Craft), ing of the Dynamic Positioning equipment – typically, Patricia at the yard of Henry Robb in Leith, before microwave and aerial systems. In 1951, he moved but authoritative and always a gentleman to his Lloyd Beeney, Finance Administrator, Full-time Full-time employee, after four years’ service on 19 it was not enough for John to be able to use it – he bringing her to Harwich in the July. Ray remained as to Trinity House as Principal Scientific Officer and staff, it was said. In 1988 port pilotage ceased to employee, 16 March 2015. November 2014. needed to know how it worked and became Chief Officer in the new Patricia, being involved in served for 32 years until his retirement in 1983. be the responsibility of Trinity House.

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