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Tourism in Uzbekistan and the World
International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 4 Issue 12, December - 2020, Pages: 18-20 Tourism in Uzbekistan and the World G’afurova Iroda Uzbek State World Language University Foreign Language and Literature 2nd year student of the 202nd group Phone: +99897283-82-60; +99893005-60-28 Gmail: [email protected] Abstract: The travel and tourism industry is the world’s largest and most diverse industry. This paper objectives to investigate the status and growth of tourism in Central Asia countries using the sample Uzbekistan tourism industry with superior reference to country’s tourism infrastructure sectors. This article about Uzbekistan tourism industry, strength of tourism, how developing tourism and travelling. The results serve to point out key trends and gaps in which to focus future research on this topic and they might be useful in formulating public policies and strategies for tourism industry development. Keywords— World Tourism Organization (WTO),the definition of tourism, traveler, tourist, visitor, Same Day Visitor, background of tourism, tourism services, Silk Road, the way of tourism development Asia are being revitalized in a surge of investment and trade in energy, infrastructure and manufacturing. Stronger 1. INTRODUCTION economies, improved infrastructure and connectivity, The World Tourism Organization (WTO), the major advances in information technology and enhanced mobility intergovernmental body concerned with tourism has led the are creating new opportunities for tourism (Knobloch, 2013). way in establishing a set of definitions for general use. In 1991, the WTO and the government of Canada organized an 2. Main Body International Сonference on Travel and Tourism Statistics in The Silk Road has been travelled along for centuries by Ottawa, Canada which adopted a set of resolutions and conquerors, traders, missionaries, geographers, and more recommendations relating to tourism concepts, definitions recently, tourists.It served as a fundamental mode of and classifications. -
Kashgar: Lost in the Mists of Time—A Photo Essay
Oh call back yesterday, bid time return. — Shakespeare, Richard II, 3.2 Every student of the Silk Roads has heard of Kashgar, one of the key nodes in the network of routes crisscrossing Afro-Eurasia. A city with an important if, surprisingly, understudied history, Kashgar has also featured in alarming news reports of recent years. The very fabric of its physical remains and the lives of its inhabitants have been rapidly and inexorably altered by government policies that have provoked moral outrage from those who deeply care about the people who have so been affected. That recent history has been amply documented, often with dramatic photographic evidence of the changes. My purpose is not to engage in the same discussion, even if my photos may be related to it. The brief essay at the end here will provide some references and also indicate my indebtedness to colleagues who have generously answered specific questions or provided a few of the images. Unless otherwise speci- fied, the photos are my own. Copyright © 2020 Daniel C. Waugh and holders of rights The Silk Road 18 (2020): 1–62 2 to specified images Copyright © 2020 The Silk Road House As John Berger reminds us (in his response to Susan Sontag’s On Photography, which he quotes): …[U]nlike memory, photographs do not in themselves preserve meaning. They offer appearances— with all the credibility and gravity we normally lend to appearances—prised away from their meaning. Meaning is the result of understanding functions. ‘And functioning takes place in time, and must be explained in time. -
Celebrating Nowruz in Central Asia
Arts & Traditions Along the Silk Road: Celebrating Nowruz in Central Asia Dear Traveler, Please join Museum Travel Alliance from March 12-26, 2021 on Arts & Traditions Along the Silk Road: Celebrating Nowruz in Central Asia. Observe the ancient traditions of Nowruz (Persian New Year) in Bukhara, visiting private family homes to participate in elaborate ceremonies not often seen by travelers. Join the director for exclusive, after-hours access to Gur-e-Amir, the opulent tomb of Mongol conqueror Amir Timur (Tamerlane) in Samarkand. Explore the vast archaeological site of Afrasiab, and marvel at the excavated treasures in its dedicated museum in the company of a local archaeologist. We are delighted that this trip will be accompanied by Helen Evans as our lecturer from The Metropolitan Museum of Art. This trip is sponsored by The Metropolitan Museum of Art. We expect this program to fill quickly. Please call the Museum Travel Alliance at (855) 533-0033 or (212) 302-3251 or email [email protected] to reserve a place on this trip. We hope you will join us. Sincerely, Jim Friedlander President MUSEUM TRAVEL ALLIANCE 1040 Avenue of the Americas, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10018 | 212-302-3251 or 855-533-0033 | Fax 212-344-7493 [email protected] | www.museumtravelalliance.com BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB Travel with March -
Resisting Chinese Linguistic Imperialism
UYGHUR HUMAN RIGHTS PROJECT SPECIAL REPORT Resisting Chinese Linguistic Imperialism: Abduweli Ayup and the Movement for Uyghur Mother Tongue-Based Education Rustem Shir, Research Associate Logo of the Ana Til Balilar Baghchisi (Mother Tongue Children’s Garden) May 2019 Contents Acknowledgement 4 Introduction 5 1. CCP language policy on education in East Turkestan 6 Foundations of CCP ethnic minority policy 6 Eras of minority language tolerance 9 Primary and secondary school ‘bilingual’ education policy 12 The Xinjiang Class 20 Mandarin as the language of instruction at Xinjiang University 22 Preschool and kindergarten ‘bilingual’ education policy 23 Suppression of the Movement for Uyghur Mother Tongue-Based Education 26 The Hotan Prefecture and Ghulja County Department of Education directives 28 Internment camps 29 Discussion 32 2. ABduweli Ayup and the Movement for Uyghur Mother Tongue-Based Education 36 Upal: Why couldn’t we study Kashgari? 36 Toquzaq: Oyghan! (Wake Up!) 38 Beijing: Our campus felt like a minority region 41 Doletbagh: My sad history repeating in front of me 50 Urumchi: Education for assimilation 55 Lanzhou: Are you bin Laden? 60 Ankara: Ethno-nationalism and a counterbalance 67 Urumchi: For the love of community 72 Lawrence: Disconnected 77 Kashgar: Rise of the Movement for Uyghur Mother Tongue-Based Education 81 Urumchi: Just keep silent 89 Kashgar: You’re going to be arrested 93 Doletbagh Detention Center: No choice, brother 98 Urumchi Tengritagh Detention Center: Qorqma (Don’t be afraid) 104 Urumchi Liudaowan Prison: Every color had disappeared 109 Urumchi Koktagh Prison: Do you want to defend yourself? 124 2 Urumchi/Kashgar: Release and return 127 Kashgar: Open-air prison 131 Ankara: Stateless and stranded 138 Paris: A new beginning 146 3. -
Soviet Central Asia and the Preservation of History
humanities Article Soviet Central Asia and the Preservation of History Craig Benjamin Frederik J Meijer Honors College, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA; [email protected] Received: 23 May 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 20 July 2018 Abstract: Central Asia has one of the deepest and richest histories of any region on the planet. First settled some 6500 years ago by oasis-based farming communities, the deserts, steppe and mountains of Central Asia were subsequently home to many pastoral nomadic confederations, and also to large scale complex societies such as the Oxus Civilization and the Parthian and Kushan Empires. Central Asia also functioned as the major hub for trans-Eurasian trade and exchange networks during three distinct Silk Roads eras. Throughout much of the second millennium of the Common Era, then under the control of a succession of Turkic and Persian Islamic dynasties, already impressive trading cities such as Bukhara and Samarkand were further adorned with superb madrassas and mosques. Many of these suffered destruction at the hands of the Mongols in the 13th century, but Timur and his Timurid successors rebuilt the cities and added numerous impressive buildings during the late-14th and early-15th centuries. Further superb buildings were added to these cities by the Shaybanids during the 16th century, yet thereafter neglect by subsequent rulers, and the drying up of Silk Roads trade, meant that, by the mid-18th century when expansive Tsarist Russia began to incorporate these regions into its empire, many of the great pre- and post-Islamic buildings of Central Asia had fallen into ruin. -
Bukharan and Russian Monarchies in the Inter-Revolutionary Period
The Last Days of the Emir: Bukharan and Russian Monarchies in the Inter-Revolutionary Period By Casey E. Smith A Study Presented to the Faculty of Wheaton College In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for Graduation with Departmental Honors In Russian Studies Norton, Massachusetts May 10, 2020 2 Introduction Russia and Bukhara in the Early Twentieth Century In Western European travelogues of journeys to the Emirate of Bukhara, one of the more frequently mentioned landmarks of the city of Bukhara is the one hundred fifty foot tall Kalyan minaret in its center, from which the last Emirs of the Manghit Dynasty hurled prisoners to their death. After the decree of Bukhara as a protectorate of the Russian Empire in 1873, the despotism of the last emirs was widely evaluated by the literature of Western travel authors, Russian bureaucrats, and Bukharan reformists alike. Meanwhile, in 1906 Nicholas II read his statements to the First State Duma, decreeing that he would still maintain his autocratic power despite the attempts at democracy the Duma embodied. Ironically, the parliament —established after strikes and peasant uprisings— sat in the glittering halls of Russia’s grand Tauride palace. While Emir Mohammed Alim Khan witnessed the destruction of the Emirate at the hands of both Russian imperialists and reformers within the Emirate, Nicholas II faced a similar threat of complete delegitimization of his power. In the early years of the twentieth century, the Russian Empire consisted of most of its modern day territory as well as modern-day Finland, and the Central Asian lands as far as Afghanistan and modern-day Iran. -
Backstreets & Bazaars of Uzbekistan 2020
Backstreets & Bazaars of Uzbekistan 2020 ! Backstreets & Bazaars of Uzbekistan A Cultural & Culinary Navruz Adventure 2020 – Cultural Series – 10 Days March 16-25, 2020 Taste your way through the vibrant heart of the Silk Road, Uzbekistan, on a culinary and cultural caravan held during the height of Navruz. A centuries-old festival, Navruz is a joyous welcoming of the return of spring and the beginning of a new year, when families and local communities celebrate over sumptuous feasts, songs and dance. Beginning in the modern capital of Tashkent, introduce your palate to the exciting tastes of Uzbek cuisine during a meeting with one of the city’s renowned chefs. Explore the ancient architecture of three of the most celebrated Silk Road oases – Bukhara, Khiva and Samarkand – and browse their famed markets and bazaars for the brilliant silks, ceramics and spices that gave the region its exotic flavor. Join with the locals in celebrating Navruz at a special community ceremony, and gather for a festive Navruz dinner. Along the way, participate in hands-on cooking classes and demonstrations, meet with master artisans in their workshops, dine with local families in their private homes and discover the rich history, enduring traditions and abundant hospitality essential to everyday Uzbek culture. © 1996-2020 MIR Corporation 85 South Washington St, Ste. 210, Seattle, WA 98104 • 206-624-7289 • 206-624-7360 FAX • Email [email protected] 2 Daily Itinerary Day 1, Monday, March 16 Arrive Tashkent, Uzbekistan Day 2, Tuesday, March 17 Tashkent • fly to Urgench • Khiva Day 3, Wednesday, March 18 Khiva Day 4, Thursday, March 19 Khiva • Bukhara Day 5, Friday, March 20 Bukhara • celebration of Navruz Day 6, Saturday, March 21 Bukhara • celebration of Navruz Day 7, Sunday, March 22 Bukhara • Gijduvan • Samarkand Day 8, Monday, March 23 Samarkand Day 9, Tuesday, March 24 Samarkand • day trip to Urgut • train to Tashkent Day 10, Wednesday March 25 Depart Tashkent © 1996-2020 MIR Corporation 85 South Washington St, Ste. -
An Excursion-Historical Tour Passes Along the Territory of Two Modern Countries: Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. It Repeats the Part
An excursion-historical tour passes along the territory of two modern countries: Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. It repeats the part of the way of Alexander’s Asian campaign. Using bulls’ skins, Alexander’s army had crossed Amudarya river and invaded the territory of Sogdiana (an interfluve of Amudarya and Sirdarya). It took three years for the forces of Alexander to conquest this region and suppress the often aroused rebellions. Here he had married a beautiful woman Roxana (the daughter of a local lord). Here, in mountain regions, for siege of the fortresses Alexander (first time in the world) had successfully practiced mountainous special troops. During his campaign he founded many settlements, including big towns. One of them is Alexandria Eshata (Distant) – a modern Khodjent. The tour is assigned for those who love history, ethnography and oriental exotic. The itinerary: Tashkent – Samarkand – Bukhara – Shakhrisabz – Termez – Baysun – Dushanbe – Margib – Iskanderkul lake – Istravshan – Khujand – Tashkent Duration: 15 days Number of tourists in the group: min. – 1 pax, max. – 16 pax Language: English PROGRAM OF THE TOUR Day 1 Arrival to Tashkent. Transfer to hotel. Rest. Day 2 After breakfast drive to Samarkand (300 km, 5 hrs). On arrival check in hotel & short rest. Afternoon sightseeing: Registan Square - the "heart" of Samarkand - ensemble of 3 majestic medreses (XIV-XVI c.c.) – Sherdor, Ulugbek and Tillya Qory, the grandiose cathedral Bibi-Khanum Mosque (XV c.), Gur-Emir Mausoleum (XV c.). Day 3 After breakfast continue of sightseeing in Samarkand: Tamerlan’s grandson Ulugbek’s the well-known ruler and astronomer-scientist observatory (1420) - the ruins of an immense (30 m) astrolabe for observing stars position, Shakhi- Zinda Necropolis (XI-XVIII cc), exotic Siab bazaar. -
Muztagh Ata 7546M
Muztagh Ata 7546m Technically easy summit over 7500m Stunning peak with incredible views The remote and diverse city of Kashgar TREK OVERVIEW Muztagh Ata meaning ‘The father of ice mountains’, rises Kunlun mountains to the East and the Tien Shan to the out of China’s vast Taklimakan Desert in the Xinjiang North. The ascent involves establishing three camps en Province of China and provides the opportunity to climb a route above Base Camp, all approached without technical mountain over 7500m with minimal technical difficulty. difficulty. The summit day, although technically For those with the appropriate skills, it is often used as a straightforward, will feel exhausting as a result of the stepping stone to an 8000m peak which could include extreme altitude, so a good level of fitness is essential. Everest. Given a clear day, you will be rewarded with tremendous views of the Pamir, the Karakoram and K2. It lies in the centre of the great mountain ranges of Asia, with the Karakoram to the south, the Pamir to the west, the Participation Statement Adventure Peaks recognises that climbing, hill walking and mountaineering are activities with a danger of personal injury or death. Participants in these activities should be aware of and accept these risks and be responsible for their own actions and involvement. Adventure Travel – Accuracy of Itinerary Although it is our intention to operate this itinerary as printed, it may be necessary to make some changes as a result of flight schedules, climatic conditions, limitations of infrastructure or other operational factors. As a consequence, the order or location of overnight stops and the duration of the day may vary from those outlined. -
Middlemen and Marcher States in Central Asia and East/West Empire Synchrony Christopher Chase-Dunn, Thomas D
Middlemen and marcher states in Central Asia and East/West Empire Synchrony Christopher Chase-Dunn, Thomas D. Hall, Richard Niemeyer, Alexis Alvarez, Hiroko Inoue, Kirk Lawrence, Anders Carlson, Benjamin Fierro, Matthew Kanashiro, Hala Sheikh-Mohamed and Laura Young Institute for Research on World-Systems University of California-Riverside Draft v.11 -1-06, 8365 words Abstract: East, West, Central and South Asia originally formed somewhat separate cultural zones and networks of interaction among settlements and polities, but during the late Bronze and early Iron Ages these largely separate regional systems came into increasing interaction with one another. Central Asian nomadic steppe pastoralist polities and agricultural oasis settlements mediated the East/West and North/South interactions. Earlier research has discovered that the growth/decline phases of empires in East and West Asia became synchronous around 140 BCE and that this synchrony lasted until about 1800 CE. This paper develops the comparative world-systems perspective on Central Asia and examines the growth and decline of settlements, empires and steppe confederations in Central Asia to test the hypothesis that the East/West empire synchrony may have been caused by linkages that occurred with and across Central Asia. To be presented at the Research Conference on Middlemen Co-sponsored by the All-UC Economic History and All-UC World History Groups, November 3-5, 2006, UCSD IROWS Working Paper #30. http://irows.ucr.edu/papers/irows30/irows30.htm This paper is part of a larger research project on “Measuring and modeling cycles of state formation, decline and upward sweeps since the Bronze Age” NSF-SES 057720 http://irows.ucr.edu/research/citemp/citemp.html Earlier research has demonstrated a curious East/West synchrony from 140 BCE to 1800 CE. -
Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers. -
Goingrussia Grupos 2016
GOINGRUSSIA GROUPS 2018 UZBEKISTAN «SILK ROAD» 9 DAYS / 8 NIGHTS (including the night in the plane) www.goingrussia.com | [email protected] | Tel: +7 812 333 09 54 All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced without our prior written permission. ITINERARY UZBEKISTÁN «SILK ROAD» 9D/8N DAY 1 / ISTANBUL - TASHKENT - Visit of the architectural complex and the Palace Tash Khovli (Tash Jauli) - Flight to Tashkent (not included) - Visit of the Mausoleum of Pakhlavan Mahmud - Night on board - Dinner at the local restaurant with the typical dish of the province Khorezm – “Shivit Oshi” (green spaghetti) DAY 2 / TASHKENT (ARRIVAL) - Arrival to Tashkent On option: Dinner with the dance show of the province Khorezm - Transfer to the hotel DAY 4 / KHIVA – URGENCH – BUKHARA - Accommodation (early check-in) - Breakfast at the hotel - Breakfast at the hotel - Transfer to the Urgench airport (30 km) - Panoramic tour of Tashkent - Flight to Bukhara - Visit of the old city architectural complex Hasti Imam - Arrival to Bukhara - Exterior visit of Medrese of Kukeldash - Transfer to the hotel - Visit of Chorsu Bazaar - Accommodation - Lunch at the local restaurant - Lunch at the local restaurant - Visit of the Museum of Applied Arts - Visit of the grave of mother Bahouddin Nakshbandi - Visit of the Earthquake Monument - Visit of the Mausoleum of Chor Bakr - Visit of the house of the potter Akbar Rakhimov - Visit of the summer residence of the Emir of Bukhara Sitorai-Mokhi-Hossa - Visit of the Tashkent’s Metro - Visit of the Ljabi-Hauz