B ~ C 0 R a Still The Second Best Thing About Payday

Chesney Suggests New Ways of H _ G H LI G H ,T,S 'Biggest and Best' of the Feds Thinking About Women's Health

By Susan M. Persons On Heels of Success, Tech Transfer Crystal Ball uvou've come a long way baby," a phrase Time for OTT Community Thinks Ahead often used to convey the progre.ss of By Carla Garnett women in U.S. society, was actually coined REGO Not Done aybe it was March Madness, but the recent all-day years ago by a tobacco company as a Yet at NIH retreat held by NIH's technology transfer community campaign slogan targeted to increase the M had much of the flavor of a sports team meeting or number of women who smoke. The irony training camp, including a talk by the team's general manager, in is that today, lung cancer is the leading this case, NIH director Dr. cause of cancer death among women. New Day Care Harold Varmus. Facility Planned More than 100 people "This is hardly progress," reported Dr. had gathered Mar. 16 in a Margaret A. Chesney, invited speaker at the small room at the Chevy NIH behavioral and social sciences research Unraveling the Chase Holiday Inn. They coordinating committee seminar series. Brain's Mysteries were speaking their own " The importance of smoking to women's language: "CRADAs" health cannot be overemphasized. It is (cooperative research and simply unacceptable that the number of New Portrait development agreements), women who smoke has increased while the Graces NLM "intellectual property," number of men the "Bayh-Dole Act" and 1' who sm oke has the "FITA" (laws enacted NHGRI's tech transfer chief Dr. Ron decreased; that in the 1980's that form Kin1; leads a strategy session. women are the bases for technology transfer activities) and "EIRs" (employee more likely invention reports). than men to The morning led off with greetings from NIH deputy director for return to SEE TECH TRANSFER, PAGE 6 smoking after OER Unveils NIH Reinventing Government stopping; and Agenda for FY 1998 that more adolescent girls By MaryJo Hoeksema than boys he "reinventing government " movement is alive and prosper­ initiate Ting at NIH. Proof of its vitality was evident at a recent smoking. We meeting of the extramural program management committee need to Dr. Margaret Chesney {EPMC), where Dr. Wendy Baldwin, NIH deputy director for continue social extramural research, and Geoffrey Grant, director, Office of and behavioral research to examine why Policy for Extramural Research Administration, unveiled the NIH this is so, and to develop new, effective extramural reinvention priorities for fiscal year 1998. The campaigns to address t his health threat." presentation highlighted initiatives that the Office of Extramural U.S. Department Research, in partnership with other institutes and centers, has of Health and selected this year for development, testing and, in some cases, Professor of medicine and epidemiology at Human Services the School of Medicine, University of execution. The goal of each initiative is to reduce administrative National 111',tirurt·, burdens, enhance NIH interactions with the research community, California, San Francisco, Chesney began of Health her presentation with expressions of and facilitate science. gratitude for those who have contributed to "The NIH reinvention plan for fiscal year 1998 is exciting April 7, 1998 because it embodies a wide range of projects that are in various SEE WOMEN'S HEALTH, PAGE 4 Vol. L, No. 7 SEE REINVENTION, PAGE 8 ------

= New Day Care Facility To Be Built = - By Carol Wigglesworth = A line item for construction of a new $3.5 million voluntary, professionally sponsored accreditation c-, day care facility has been approved for fiscal year system for early childhood schools and child care = centers. Accreditation is given for a period of 3 = 1999, according to Paul Horton, director of ORS's e, Division of Space and Facility Management, who years, and accredited programs submit annual = ,, made the announcement recently to the NIH day reports to NAEYC. According to ECDC Director care oversight board. The new facility will be Anne Schmitz, "Our NAEYC accreditation validates located in the southeastern portion of campus, near the outstanding efforts made by ECDC staff and Christina Bruce the Natcher Conference Center. families in giving the loving, quality care all children has joined the Scheduled to open in 2000, the new facility will deserve." ECDC currently provides day care to 218 National Cancer house an expanded Parents of Preschoolers, Inc., children. Institute as Childkind is also NAEYC-accreditedi.POPI is director of the center currently located in Bldg. 35. In addi­ diversity and tion to classrooms for approximately 100 children, currently undergoing reaccreditation. Ill employment the 21,000-square-foot structure will include programs. She administrative spaces, interior and exterior play will develop a areas, kitchen and laundry facilities, parent/teacher APAO Seeks Award Nominations comprehensive conference areas, and spaces for equipment and The NIH Asian/Pacific American Organization seeks diversity program utility systems. The building will comply with all nominations from NIH employees for its 1998 as well as oversee accessibility standards. the operation of Mary Haas, POPI director, expressed enthusiasm Outstanding Achievements and Scholarship Awards. NCI's EEO Recipients will be honored in the evening program about the potential for expansion and an improved office. Bruce, a of the annual Asian/Pacific Americans Heritage Cuban-American, facility: "We are thrilled to expand our school. Besides the obvious advantages of being able to Program on Friday, May 22. The categories of comes to NCI awards are: for significant accomplishments in serve more families, we will be able to build onto from Project advancing NIH/IC's EEO goals; for significant Management our existing curriculum with the addition of a new accomplishments in scientific research or administra­ Group, Inc., a library and an indoor exercise room. Children consulting firm learning and growing in a space designed specifi­ tive work; a scholarship of $1,000 to an outstanding that provides cally for them is an ideal situation." POPI cur­ college-bound student. multidisciplinary rently provides day care to 65 children, ages 2 ½ to For instructions on how to apply, contact Dr. management Rashmi Gopal-Srivastava, EPN, Rm. 609, 496-2378. 5 years. consulting Nominations for the awards should be sent to her as services in the Bldg. 35 To Undergo Renovation well. The closing date for nominations is Apr. 10. area of EEO and Recipients will be notified in mid-May. liJ employment law. Once POPI moves into the new facility, the She comanaged a vacated space in Bldg. 35 is scheduled to be 3-year discrimina­ renovated into a modernized day care facility for tion education additional capacity, should the need still exist. The and outreach Division of Engineering Services is currently program for the developing the programming and concept design N I H R f ~ 0. A a state of Florida's documents for the new facility. The results of the Published biweekly at Bethesda, Md., b)' the Editorial Operations department of recent survey of NIH employees concerning their Branch, Division of Public Information, for the information of health and day care needs are currently being analyzed and employees of the National Institutes of Health, Department of rehabilitative Health and Human Services. The content is repriniable without services. Prior to will be considered by the oversight board and ORS/ permission. Pictures may be available on request. Use of funds for DSFM, in decisions regarding the occupancy of the printing this periodical has been approved by the direcror of the her work as a Office of Management and Budget tb,ough Sepr. 30, 1998. management soon-to-be-refurbished Bldg. 35. consultant, she Also on the horizon are plans to relocate NIH Record Office Pbone 496-2125 was executive Childkind, which has occupied temporary quarters Bldg. 31, Rm. 2B03 Fax 402-1485 assistant to the in Bldg. T-46 for more than a decade, into new president of temporary quarters in late spring. Childkind Web address http://www.nih.gov/news/NIH-Record/archives.htm Florida Interna­ provides day care to 33 children, ages 6 weeks to 2 tional University years old. Editor The NIH Record reserves for 8 years. Richard McManus the right to make ECDC Gains Accreditation [email protected] corrections, changes, or deletions in submitted NIH's Executive Child Development Center, Assistant Editor copy in conformiry with located at 6006 Executive Blvd., is now accredited Carla Garnett the policies of the paper by the National Association for the Education of [email protected] and HHS. Young Children (NAEYC}. NAEYC accreditation U The Record is recyclable as office white paper. is the largest and most widely recognized national, Mider Lecture Probes Where in the Human Brain Is. .. 7

By Jules Asher sing newly available imaging technologies, Dr. the "test" face was the same as one of the three they ULeslie Ungerleider, chief of NIMH's Laboratory had previously seen. of Brain and Cognition, has been unraveling how the As hypothesized, a previously unrecognized, brain maintains, modifies and retrieves information. functionally distinct region in the middle upper part She discussed these recent findings in her G. of the frontal cortex-just in front of an area that Burroughs Mider Lecture, "Neural Mechanisms of was activated by an eye movement task-showed NCI director Dr. Human Cognition: Insights from Brain Imaging sustained activity during the pause in the spatial Richard Klausner Studies," Feb. 25. Her talk explained how observa­ working memory task, confirming that it is special­ recently was tions first made in monkeys are now being extended ized for that function. A region in the lower left awarded the in humans using techniques like functional magnetic International frontal cortex similarly betrayed itself as specialized Raymond resonance imaging (fMRI). for face working memory. Bourgine Award For example, Ungerleider described a study she and This pattern of specialization in the upper and at the eighth her colleagues were reporting that week in Science lower frontal cortex parallels a similar pattern in the International that used fMRI to pinpoint where in the human visual cortex at the back of the brain identified by Congress of the brain information is held momentarily about Ungerleider and NIMH's Dr. Mortimer Mishkin in Anti-Cancer locations of things we've just seen, "as when we keep earlier studies in monkeys. A circuit that projects Treatment track of other cars around us while we're driving." forward and downward from the primary visual meeting held in Her discovery of this heretofore elusive circuit area at the extreme back is specialized for object Paris. The award ceremony took specialized for spatial working memory in humans recognition, while a circuit that projects forward ends a search that had puzzled neuroscientists for place at City and upward is specialized for spatial information. Hall, where the most of the past decade. "It's what versus where," explained Ungerleider. mayor presented Many researchers had expected to find the spatial Individual neurons "see" larger and larger amounts Klausner with the working memory circuit in the human anatomical of the visual field the further forward they are Gold Medal of counterpart to where it's located in the monkey, an located along these pathways. Neurons in the object Paris, one of the area in the middle of the frontal cortex. But recognition pathway are themselves specialized, city's highest Ungerleider and her NIMH colleagues Drs. Susan firing more when they see particular physical honors. In Courtney, Laurent Petit and James Haxby looked features of objects. addition, instead for a functional landmark. Electrophysiological studies in monkeys by Klausner gave a lecture related to "We took our clue from the monkey work," said NIMH's Dr. Robert Desimone have shown that Ungerleider. As in the monkey, they predicted they his accomplish­ about one-third of the neurons that make up the ments in cancer would find the seat of spatial short-term memory network of cells that initially respond to a stimulus research. The just in front of an area specialized for controlling eye stop firing after they become familiar with the award is named movements. They knew from previous studies that object. Using fMRI, NIMH's Alex Martin, for Raymond this eye movement circuit had been displaced Ungerleider and colleagues recently demonstrated Bourgine, a well­ rearward and upward through evolution, probably that this same automatic mechanism applies to known French as areas emerged serving more distinctly human humans. After seeing an object repeatedly, brain journalist and an functions such as abstract reasoning, complex activity dropped, but reaction time improved. enthusiastic problem solving and planning for the future. Ungerleider suggested that this process is important supporter of To confirm their hunch, they scanned a total of 11 for gaining expert knowledge-"as when an archae­ cancer research who died of the subjects while they performed various working ologist becomes increasingly adept at detecting disease in 1990. memory and control tasks. The £MRI scanner tracks artifacts, or a farmer can identify and name each The award is telltale signals emitted by oxygenated blood in a cow in his herd." The neurons that drop out may be given annually magnetic field to reveal what parts of the brain are less strongly tuned to the physical properties of the for exceptional active at any given moment. object, leaving only the most selective, thus making scientific While in the scanner, subjects were asked to the responding network more efficient. Ii) achievements. remember either the locations or the identities of three faces flashed briefly in different spots on a Seminar on Government Contracting computer screen. After a 9-second pause, during which the information was held in working memory, The National Contract Management Association is a face appeared somewhere on the screen for a few hosting a brown bag lunch seminar titled "A New seconds. For the spatial working memory task, Look at the Service Contract Act," on Wednesday, subjects pressed buttons to indicate whether the Apr. 15 from 11:45 a.m. to 1 p.m. in EPN, Conf. latter location was the same as one of three they had Rm. H. Speaking will be attorney Gilbert Ginsberg. seen previously. In trials testing nonspatial working All are welcome; no registration needed. For more memory, they similarly signaled whether identity of information call Sharon Miller, 496-8611. Iii WOMEN'S HEALTH, CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

the real progress in the arena of women's health. women, gender influences on health risk, societal "We have come a long way in women's health influences on women's health, violence against research, thanks to the strong support in Congress women, and women and health care policy. "We by Representatives Snowe, Schroeder and Waxman, need to work together-psychologists with biomedi­ among others," she said. "But much of the science cal scientists with sociologists with anthropolo­ simply wouldn't have happened had it not been for gists-to get the answers to the health questions the support of NIH scientists Dr. Ruth Kirschstein women ask every day," she said. [NIH deputy director] and Dr. Vivian Pinn [director, She challenged the audience to think about critical Dr. Barbara K. NIH Office for Research on Women's Health]." questions the behavioral and social sciences must Rimer has been Chesney, who dedicated her speech to Kirschstein confront: What do we gain from mammograms if appointed the and Pinn, provided an overview of women's health women are afraid to have them? Why is it that the first director of for the past decade, as well as a framework for public is still largely unaware that heart disease is the newly created organizing themes and integrating competing the leading cause of death for women? What do we NCI Division of Cancer Control approaches to the field of women's health. Seeking gain by encouraging women to ask their partners to and Population a flexible, nonhierarchical model that would adapt use condoms if it means they place themselves at risk Sciences, which as knowledge about women's health evolves, for physical abuse? Why is it that 70 percent of will become the Chesney decided that a multilevel circular model adolescent girls restrict their calorie intake when new focus for might serve the purpose. only 15 percent to 20 percent are actually over­ research pro­ "Picture a pie that is divided into segments repre­ weight? What role is the media playing in produc­ grams aimed at senting the content area in the study of women's ing the eating disorders common among young studies in health," she said. "And now make that pie a women today? Why is it that when women return populations, multilayered cake, with one layer representing home at the end of the day their blood pressure behavior, remains elevated while men's declines? What is the surveillance, process issues such as participants, variables and special popula­ measures, and methods; a second layer represents effect of this on their health over the years? tions, outcomes conceptual models such as those from the various The next lecture in the series will feamre Dr. and other aspects disciplines." Stephen Porges of the University of Maryland. He of cancer control. Chesney hopes that this dynamic model will will discuss "Motion, Emotion, and Social Commu­ Since 1991, encourage communication and collaboration among nication: Emergent Properties of the Evolution of Rimer had been scientists. She has selected seven content areas: the Autonomic Nervous System" on Monday, May director of cancer reproductive health, diseases more common in 18 in Wilson Hall, Bldg. 1, from 3 tO 4 p.m. All are prevention, women than in men, leading causes of death among invited to attend. D detection and control research Campus Bike Theft Cut Short at Duke Compre­ hensive Cancer An attempted bicycle theft was interrupted Mar. 23 "If you ride an expensive mountain or all-terrain Center. In 1993 on campus, between Bldgs. 5 and 8. During a bike, note that this is the preferred target by thieves," she became a routine morning patrol of the campus, NIH Police adds Jay H. Miller, president of the l\lJH R&W tenured professor Sgt. Lawrence Brown noticed a man using bolt Bicycle Commuter Club. "Cyclists should consider of community cutters to dismantle a bicycle locked to a bike rack. using more than one lock. A Krypronite-type lock is and family During a brief discussion between the man and essential, but add a good quality cable lock. The medicine at Brown, an NIH employee returned to the rack and second lock should get the thief to consider someone Duke. She also served as chair confirmed ownership of the bike. Brown arrested else's bike. There are also lockers at several locations and member of the suspect, who was not affiliated with NIH; he was around campus." the National charged with theft and held for the night in the To improve communication among !\lJH bicycle Cancer Advisory Montgomery County Detention Center. "We'd like commuters, the club has set up a listserv. To sub­ Board from 1995 to take this opportunity to alert employees who ride scribe, email [email protected]. to 1997 and has their bikes on campus," said Capt. Will Liston. Type "subscribe" in the body of the message. achieved "Attempts to steal bikes usually increase around this Having problems subscribing? Contact Miller via prominence for time every year." email at [email protected]. Ill her research on the behavioral Addiction Treatment Conference, Apr. 8-9 aspects of cancer control. On Apr. 8-9, the National Institute on Drug Abuse is sponsoring a National Conference on Drug Addiction Treatment: From Research to Practice, to be held at the Sheraton Washington, Washington, D.C. The conference will focus on state-of-the-art treatment approaches resulting from national research programs. Topics will include the health, social, and economic benefits of drug addiction treatment, the roles of medication and behavioral treatment, current issues in the delivery of and access to drug addiction treat­ ment, and how emerging knowledge shapes the research agenda of the future. Gen. Barry McCaffrey, director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, will deliver the keynote address at the conference. For registration information, call Robyn Bowie Semsker at (301) 468-6004, ext. 431. (j) Cadet Kicks Off 4th 'Science Working for Us' Series

r. Jean Lud Cadet, chief of the molecular logical Disorders and Stroke, this seminar was the D neuropsychiatry section of the Neuroscience 10th in the "Science Working for Us" seminar series Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, presented that is presented by the speakers bureau of the NIH a seminar in honor of Black History Month titled Black Scientists Association. The series was estab­ "Free Radicals, Drugs of Abuse and Neurodegen­ lished in February 1995 to highlight accomplish­ eration: Implications for Parkinsonism." He ments of Black scientists in NIH intramural and presented his research on the neurotoxic effects of extramural programs and to provide a forum for methamphetamine (meth), a drug of abuse, the use health-related issues of importance to the minority of which has increase~ dramatically over the past community. For more information about the series Dr. Robert A. few years. or the NIH Black Scientists Association, visit the Hiatt has been named deputy Although used for its euphoric effects, meth can Web site at http://www.nih.gov/science/blacksci/ director of NCI's cause a number of psychiatric and neurologic index.html.-Wayne Bowen and Roland Owens Ill new Division of complications including psychosis, strokes and STEP Presentation on Diabetes Cancer Control sudden death. In addition and Population to its acute effects, it can There will be a STEP Science for AU presentation Sciences. He have long-term titled, "Diabetes: Are You at Risk?" on Thursday, brings a wealth of neurodegenerative effects Apr. 16 from 1 to 3:45 p.m. in Bldg. 1, Wilson Hall. experience in that affect mostly the Diabetes is on the rise in the United States. At its developing and monoaminergic neurotrans­ directing major worst, the disease is life-threatening, but even in its research pro­ mitter systems of the brain. mildest form the complications can seriously affect These are characterized by grams in cancer quality of life. Learn what diabetes is, what the epidemiology and marked decreases in the risk factors and warning signs are, what the poten­ behavioral levels of the neurotransmit­ tial complications are, and what you can do now to science. The ters dopamine and seroto­ prevent or control this debilitating disease. Pathways to nin and their metabolites. The featured speakers are: Dr. Richard Eastman, Cancer Control Although these meth­ director, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and project that he induced abnormalities have Metabolism, NIDDK, and Dr. Wayman Wendell has fed in been known for a long Cheatham, medical director, Novo Nordisk Pharma­ California has D r. Jean L u d C ad et . h h . h been a model in time, t e mec amsms t at ceuticals Inc. lead to these changes have remained to be clarified. developing The event is free and open to all on a first-come, ethnically Cadet's laboratory has carried out studies in an first-served basis. No advance registration is appropriate attempt to elucidate the cellular and molecular necessary. For more information call 435-2769. Ii) interventions to events involved in these deleterious effects. reduce smoking Cadet showed that meth kills cells by a process Softball Players Needed and increase resembling apoptosis and that expression of the cancer detection anti-apoptotic proto-oncogene bcl-2 affords protec­ The NIH Men's Softball League is looking for among tion in vitro. Furthermore, he showed that knock­ additional players for the 1998 season. Teams underserved out mice lacking the pro-apoptotic factor p53 were consist of about 15 players each. The season runs populations. He protected from the long-term neurotoxic effects of from April until August and includes both the was associated meth. These studies suggest a close link between regular season and a double-elimination tourna­ with the division meth toxicity, oxygen free radicals, and induction of of research of ment. Games are played once a week on weekday Kaiser Penna­ cell death by apoptosis. Cadet outlined the impor­ evenings at a field close to NIH. The registration fee nente in Califor­ tant implications of this work for Parkinson's for players is around $15, or a dollar a game. nia from 1977 disease, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting the Players interested in joining the league should until 1988, when dopaminergic system of the brain. contact Frank Nice, 496-1561, or email he joined the On staff at NIDA's Addiction Research Center in [email protected]. Ii) Northern Baltimore since 1992, Cadet was recently appointed California Cancer Center, becoming clinical director of the institute's Intramural Re­ Have a Work-Related Injury? search Program, where he supervises clinical director of procedures and medical care for all human volun­ Do you have a work-related upper extremity prevention services there in teers enrolled in ARC research programs. He is a problem or injury, i.e., carpal tunnel syndrome, 1991. member of the committee on the status of minority tendonitis, or repetitive strain injury of the fingers, intramural scientists and serves as program director wrist, elbow or shoulder? USUHS is conducting a of NIDA's Minority Research Training Program. He study that includes a $40 payment. Volunteers must also serves on the editorial board of the journal be ages 20-60, seen by a physician within the past Synapse. month, currently working and available for a 1-hour Cosponsored by the National Institute of Neuro- meeting. Call (301) 295-9659. El TECH TRANSFER, CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 intramural research Dr. Michael Gottesman. It was thing, but in biology, we just generated knowledge followed by a presentation on the role of the and hoped that it went somewhere." institutes and centers by the director of NIAID's Nowadays, he said, changes in law and in the Office of Technology Development, Dr. Mark nature of biological science have combined to help Rohrbaugh, and a good deal of interactive shift attitudes about issues of intellectual property. strategizing led by NHGRl's chief of technology "We all have to recognize that there is a delicate transfer Dr. Ron King, about how to better commu­ balance," he continued, " between doing free-flowing nicate with scientists, make patenting and licensing science in the public policies clearer, and balance technology transfer interest and the problem with NIH's fundamental mission of health and of protecting legitimate science. Just prior to the break for lunch, Dr. Maria intellectual property Freire, director of NIH's Office of Technology concerns." Transfer, rose to take the mike and redirect the Varmus discussed six discussion. "core beliefs" that "Let's take a few minutes to talk about efforts to constitute what he termed educate ourselves," she said to the dozens of his " technology transfer technology development coordinators, tech transfer creed." policy board members, OTT staff and others whose Chiefly, he said, technol­ job it is to see that the results of NIH research are ogy transfer activities appropriately commercialized into products that NIH director Dr. Harold should never tempt benefit public health. "This is no longer a 'Mom 'n' Varmus offers his "tech- researchers to choose Pop' shop. We are the nology transfer creed." science for financial gain biggest and the best over science to further knowledge and public health. federal program out Second, NIH's extramural and intramural communi­ there. Nobody in the ties should be careful " not to form relationships federal government with private concerns that would in any way touches us. We're trail impede-by generating excessive secrecy or delays in blazing here. Only publication, for example- the free exchange of ideas three universities have that is fundamental for science ar its best." better stats than we Third, he mentioned research rools, a controversial do- the entire Univer­ topic that is currently being studied by a group sity of California state within Varmus's advisory committee to the NIH system, Stanford and director. "What I may call a research tool, a small Columbia-and they biotech company may call a major product," he all have engineering said, explaining the potential for conflict. He said programs [which are that although the complexity of research tools has traditional purveyors grown, he still feels that "when such rools are OTT director Dr. of tech transfer]. NIH is number four. No ques­ developed-especially when developed through Maria Freire (c) tion, we certainly set the standard for the govern­ public funding-they should be made broadly makes a point ment. But what can we do to be better? We've available, under reasonable terms, t0 all who do during the retreat. talked a lot about ways to educate the scientific basic research." Among the hundred or so community about the importance of technology The fourth issue involves setting the proper value folks listening in transfer, but how can we educate ourselves so that on discoveries. Varmus said rhere is a tendency of are OTT Deputy we do our jobs better?" late by some scientists to over.-aJue their discoveries, Director Barbara In a nutshell, that's what the retreat hoped to or to place restrictions on sharing their work too McGarey (l) and accomplish-encourage laborers in the technology early in its infancy, thereby inhibiting development Annette Ham­ development vineyards to ask questions, share of potentially important products. He said he burger of the success (and horror) stories and develop ways to depends on those in the NIH tech transfer commu­ Office of General move the relatively young field into the future. nity to determine appropriate inno,·arions for Counsel. During his remarks, Varmus noted the remarkable patenting, licensing and other protection mecha­ changes that have occurred in biological research msms. over the last 20 years. Fifth, NIH must consider the implications of PHOTOS: ERNIE BRANSON "When I began doing serious science in the granting intellectual property rights to licensees, 1970's," he recalled, "very little attention was paid Varmus said. Among questions char need to be to issues like patents, licensing or intellectual asked are: When is exclusi,·iry appropriate, and property protection. These just weren't notions that when is it not? were tossed around much. We were aware that The final tenet Varmus emphasized- the need for chemists, physicists and engineers did that kind of better education in this area among ).lH compo- nents-brought the retreat full circle. He urged tech Desimone Named NIMH Scientific Director transfer workers to take full advantage of NIH's rich scientific environment to learn more about the Dr. Robert Desimone has been named the next science done here. Similarly, he said, scientists who scientific director at the National Institute of Mental may have been slow to become acquainted with the Health and director of intricacies of patenting, licensing and the like should NIMH's intramural research become more sophisticated in the field. program. "In order for scientists and technology transfer Desimone, who was officers to work effectively together," Varmus appointed chief of NIMH's concluded, "it's extremely important that each Laboratory of Neuropsychol­ understand what the other does. Obviously, respect ogy (LNP) last year, joined in both directions demands a familiarity with what the institute as a staff fellow the other side is doing." in the LNP in 1980. He was The retreat ended with sessions on licensing and tenured in 1987 and ap­ CRADAs by OTT Senior Licensing Specialist Steven pointed chief, section of Ferguson and OTT Deputy Director Barbara behavioral neurophysiology, McGarey, and a summation by Freire. Iii Dr. Robert Desimone LNP, in 1992. He will continue to direct the LNP, Diversity Council Sets Goals for 1998 where his work focuses on understanding the electrical activity in the brain involved in attention, The Diversity Council was officially convened in perception, and memory in nonhuman primates. January 1997 to provide advice and guidance to the Desimone, who earned his doctorate in psychology director and staff of the Office of Equal Opportunity and neuroscience at Princeton University, is the on policies and programs regarding managing recipient of numerous awards, including the Troland diversity, affirmative action, complaints processing Award of the National Academy of Sciences, given and other issues within the scope of OEO. The annually to the most outstanding experimental council's 18 members reflect the broad diversity of psychologist under the age of 40. In 1994, he the NIH work force. received the Golden Brain Award of the Minerva Last year, the council appointed task forces to Foundation for "pioneering discoveries of the visual examine four diversity/EEO issues: the task force on brain." the incorporation of diversity into ICD orientation Dr. Susan Swedo, who had served as acting SD programs completed its work and has been dis­ since February 1995, will return to full-time re­ solved; the task force on criteria for special emphasis search. Iii programs/observances also has essentially completed its deliberations and now will work with OEO to The NIH Hispanic prepare new guidelines; work on two other issues, Employee Organization disability awareness/reasonable accommodation, and recently held its first development of trans-NIH outreach/recruitment for meeting of the year for improving diversity at senior levels of NIH, will the newly elected officers. continue this year. At right, members and The council also appointed an ad hoc task force to recommend improvements in provision of interpret­ new officers include ing services across NIH . These recommendations (from l) Elva Ruiz; John were forwarded to the OEO director, who has Medina III; Margarita engaged senior NIH officials in implementing them. Valencia; Gladys In 1998, the major task of the council will be a Melendez Bohler, secre­ comprehensive examination of recruitment for tary; Dr. Ernest Marquez, past president; Dr. Michael A. Sesma, trea­ positions at all levels and occupations at NIH. The surer; Larry Salas, president; and Dr. Nayda R. Figueroa-Valles. Not council will also examine ways to publicize and shown is Dr. Marta Leon-Monzon, president-elect. As the first item of promote diversity activities and accomplishments business at the meeting, Salas presented an more effectively. award to Dr. Carlos Caban (below, r) for The council meets monthly on the third Wednesday from 1:30 to 3 p.m.; meetings are open to all NIH efforts and leadership in founding HEO personnel. Input from other segments of NIH is and for serving as its first president in crucial to the council's success. Questions or 1996. The main topic of discussion at the comments should be directed to council chair Dr. meeting was development of a plan to George Counts of NIAID, 496-1884, [email protected] increase representation of Hispanics at or vice-chair Don Poppke of NLM, 496-6491, NIH. Board members welcome sugges­ [email protected]. Ill tions from the NIH community. REINVENTION, CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 stages of development," said Baldwin. "Some of the award, and electronic status of pending applica­ initiatives are ready for implementation throughout tions. In addition, later this spring, the NIH awards the agency while others are still in the initial stages database, Computer Retrieval of Information on of design, awaiting input from NIH staff. That is Scientific Projects (CRISP), will be deployed to the why IC participation is so critical to the success of Web and pilot-tested with NIH staff. Public this year's priority reinvention initiatives." deployment will follow later this summeL NIH has been fully engaged in the reinventing As discussed before the EPMC, the cornerstone of government effort since 1994, when the Office of the 1998 NIH reinvention agenda is an initiative to Extramural Research was designated a "reinvention expand implementation of several pilot projects that laboratory" by the National Performance Review. shorten the time from receipt of application to Since that year, NIH has implemented a number of award from 9 months to approximately 5 months its priority reinvention initiatives including Stream­ for the most meritorious applications. The Expedit­ lined Review, Simplified Noncompeting Award ing Receipt to Award initiative consists of several Process (SNAP), and "Just-in-Time" information complementary components including expedited submission. As part of its reinventing government council review, preaward grants management agenda, NIH has also expanded its use of the World review, and on-time information submission. At the Wide Web to disseminate public information and to EPMC meeting, Grant invited all institutes inter­ deploy services such as "Edison," a Web-based ested in testing these processes to sign onto this system grantee organizations can use to report, initiative. Those institutes volunteering to do so monitor, and track inventions derived from federally would be designated "model institutes~ by OER and funded research. In this vein, N IH has successfully would become members of the ).1H reinvention core developed and begun pilot testing Electronic Re­ working group. search Administration (ERA)-a series of initiatives At the meeting, institutes were informed about that will eventually make electronic the entire grants ongoing priority reinvention initiatives also con­ administration life cycle of business processes. In tained in this year's agenda including progress 1998, NIH will expand its pilot testing of three ERA reporting, scientific coding and modular research initiatives: electronic submission of the grant grants. This year, NIH will be collaboraring on a application shell, electronic notification of grant project with the National Science Foundation so a pilot group of NIH grantees can submir elecrronic updates on their scientific progress and research Fully Implemented Extramural Reinvention Initiatives accomplishments. With respect to scientific coding, Streamlined Review - Scientific review groups now use this process to identify OER will be working with interested ICs to post the pool of applications that are most meritorious and warrant further discus­ their indexing and coding system on CRISP. Finally, sion. Coincided with implementation of simplified summary statements regarding the Modular Research Grant proposal, directly incorporating reviewers' critiques. which would simplify the application and award process by requiring applicants to request total Streamlined Requests for Grants Administration Information - Under certain direct costs in modules of $25,000, a recommenda­ grant mechanisms, (e.g., K awards and RFAs), applicants may submit certain tion for implementation will be reviewed by NIH information "just-in-time" for the award, when it is most accurate, timely, and director Dr. Harold Varmus and the IC directors useful to NIH. later this spring. More information about NIH reinvention activities Edison - Grantee organizations can now use this secure, interactive Web site for is available on the OER home page at: http:// reporting, monitoring, and tracking inventions derived from federally funded www.nih.gov/grants/reinvention/reinvention.htm. li1 research. More than 75 inventions are reported to Edison each week. Visit http://era.info.nih.gov/Edison/. Blue Cross/Blue Shield Day

Electronic NIH Guide - The extramural community can now find its premiere Blue Cross/Blue Shield of the National Capital Area source of information regarding funding and policy announcements on the will be on the NIH campus Wednesday, Apr. 8 to World Wide Web. In January 1998, the annual guide pages were accessed more assist enrollees who have claims or enrollment problems. A representative will be than 100,000 times. Visit http://www.nih.gov/grants/guide/index.html. available from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. that day in Bldg. 31, Conf. Rm. 8, armed with a laptop computer to access directly the SNAP - NIH has instituted this Simplified Noncompeting Award Process for the enrollee's records at company headquarters. majority of noncompeting continuation awards. The electronic version (e­ No appointment is necessary. Assistance will be SNAP) is coming soon. provided on a first-come, first-served basis. Blue Cross/Blue Shield comes to NIH one day each Accelerated Amendment Review - NCI and NIAID have implemented a process month, usually on the second Wednesday of the for expediting the submission of amended applications. month. El NCl's Marianne Wagner Retires NIDDK Advisory Council Gains Four Marianne Wagner, chief of NCI's Human Resources NIDDK recently welcomed four new advisory Management and Consulting Branch, retired Mar. council members. They include: 31 after more than 34 years in human resources at Genevieve J. Jackson, chair of the Navajo Nation NIH. Council's health and social services committee in She was born in Washington, D.C., but has spent Window Rock, Ariz., who will review grants in the most of her life in the Maryland suburbs. She diabetes, endocrine and received a B.S. in personnel administration from the metabolic diseases University of Maryland and an M.P.A. from Ameri­ subcouncil. can University in 1986. She is the recipient of Three joined the numerous accolades, including PHS, NIH and NCI digestive diseases and honor awards. Her notable achievement in the field nutrition subcouncil: Dr. is evidenced by her receiving, in 1989, one of the Kristen McNutt, presi­ first NIH awards for outstanding service in human dent of Consumer resources management. In 1996, the Montgomery Choices, Inc., and editor County chapter of the International Personnel of Consumer Magazines Management Association presented her with its Digest, is also a member Outstanding Public Service Award for "exemplary of the National Academy leadership, and innovative and resourceful ap­ of Sciences' board of proaches in directing and managing a progressive agriculture and the Human Resources Program." National Consumers Wagner began her career here in 1962 as a pro­ League. NIDDK director Dr. Phillip Gorden (second from gram analyst in the Office of the Director. Over the Dr. D. Montgomery I) welcomes new council members (from l) Dr. years, she held progressively more responsible Bissell is professor of Daniel Podolsky, Dr. Kristen M~Nutt, Dr. D. positions in both HR staff and operating areas, med 1cme. • and d.,rector o f Montgomery Bissell and Genevieve Jackson. coming to NCI in 1980 from the personnel office at the division of gastroenterology at the University of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious California, San Francisco. He also directs UCSF's Diseases. Her leadership and vision in HR manage­ Liver Core Center, which is supported by NIDDK, ment resulted in programs that are progressive and and edits Hepatology. in the forefront of the field. Recently, she and her Dr. Daniel K. Podolsky is chief of the gastrointesti­ staff played a key role in a major reorganization of nal unit and associate chief of medical services at NCI. Using tools of quality improvement, process Massachusetts General Hospital. He is editor of reengineering and benchmarking, Wagner and her Gastroenterology and also directs the NIDDK­ staff implemented significant changes in human funded Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel resource management that now serve as a model for Disease. Iii the NIH community. Reflecting on her many years at NIH, Wagner says, "Each day was a new challenge." She always felt l)(gJ" Courses and Programs that there were solutions no matter how formidable the problems, and that each person does make a All courses are on the NIH campus and are given difference. She is proud to have worked with the without charge. For more information call 594- "best there is" in the human resource field, and will 3278 or consult DCRT's home page at http:// miss "taking those challenges and turning them into livewire.nih.gov/. opportunities." In retirement, Wagner plans to take it easy, play some golf, travel and resume her Relational Database and Client/Server interests in art and photography. D Access Overview 4/13 Parachute Startup for Windows 95 4/14 LAN Services and Email from Parachute 4/14 Chamber Music Concert, Apr. 19 NBARS Administration 4/14 The Rock Creek Chamber Players will perform at 3 Introduction to Networks 4/15 Perspectives on Management p.m. on Sunday, Apr. 19 in the 14th floor assembly 4/15 Oracle SQL Plus 4/15-16 hall at the Clinical Center. Reservations will be SAS Fundamentals I 4/16-17 required for this free public concert, sponsored by HTML Editors 4/17 the recreation therapy section. The program will Database Technology Seminar 4/17 include a Viola Concerto by Telemann, Bartok's SAS Fundamentals II 4/20-21 Second String Quartet, and Brahms' Quartet for C Language Fundamentals 4/20-24 Piano and Strings, Op. 60. For reservations and Lecture on Polymer Science 4/21 information call (202) 337-8710. D Principles of Regression Analysis Using SAS/STAT 4/22-24 OD's Mary Jane Miller Retires After 22 Years at NIH After 22 years with NIH, Mary Jane Miller retired gone our separate ways, Mary Jane is still a very recently from her position as administrative assis- special friend, who we continue to see at our tant in OD's Office of Behavioral and Social Sci- periodic soirees {otherwise known as get-togethers ences Research (OBSSR). Throughout her career, at the local pub)." she received the highest accolades for her profes- In 1995, Miller joined the staff of the newly sionalism, efficiency and organization. But perhaps formed OBSSR, where she was insrrumental in even more important were getting the office up and running in only a short the many lives she touched time. "When I first met Mary Jane, I knew almost and the number of friend- instantly that she would be great for the office," ships she forged with her reports Dr. Norman Anderson, OBSSR's director. fellow workers at all levels of "Since the OBSSR was just getting started, we NIH. needed someone who was well organized, efficient Her first position at NIH and creative, who could handle multiple and was in the Office of Extramu- complex tasks simultaneously, while maintaining a ral Programs at the National high degree of professionalism. In Mary Jane, we Library of Medicine, where got all that and more. It was really a great honor she worked for 4 years. for me and my staff to have had the opportunity to Following this, she moved to work with, and learn from, this consummate the National Institute of professional." Diabetes and Digestive and Throughout her tenure at NIH, Miller touched the Kidney Diseases, where she lives of many people. Her deep commitment to the worked in the Pancreatic well-being of others is exemplified by her work as a Diseases and Arthritis member of the Office of the Director's equal Mary Jane Miller, Programs. In 1986, Miller moved to the Office of employment opportunity advisory committee, where shown with the Director, working for Bonnie Kalberer, first in she was an active participant in organizing many of OBSSR director the Office of Science Policy and Legislation, then the committee's activities and events, and her many Dr. Norman later in the Office of Science Education. years spent as an EEO counselor. She was a familiar Anderson, is According to Kalberer, "Mary Jane is one of those face to many people in Bldgs. 1 and 31, always crowned q11een­ special people who is the consummate professional cheerful and always extremely supportive. for-a-day at her recent retirement secretary. She was our office manager, confidential Now as she heads off to retirement and profes- celebration. assistant, and mother confessor. Her wonderful sional grandmahood, her many friends and col- sense of humor helped us through good times as leagues at NIH wish her the very best.-Marina well as stressful ones. Although many of us have Volkov Iii

NCI Branch Chief Kenneth Paull Is Mourned Dr. Kenneth D. Paull, chief of the Information Drug Synthesis and Chemistry Branch, NCI. Technology Branch in NCI's Division of Cancer Pauli's initial interests were analyzing the test Treatment and Diagnosis, died at his home in results from NCI's anticancer screens in order to ljamsville, Md., on Jan. improve the criteria for activity and to determine 29. He had Parkinson's what type of compounds might prove to be useful disease. anticancer drugs. He developed a simplified A native of Winslow, method for displaying the test results, and using Ariz., Paull received his the data to correlate chemical structure with Ph.D. degree in organic patterns of compound action. chemistry in 1969 from His interest and expertise in computers resulted Arizona State University. in his appointment as chief of the Developmental After 5 years of postdoc­ Therapeutics Program's Information Technology toral studies in cancer Branch in 1990. He subsequently developed a research at NIH and computer algorithm called COMPARE. This Midwest Research technique for analyzing the potential of new Institute, he joined a anticancer agents has been proven in numerous small contract-oriented Dr. Kenneth D. Paull peer-reviewed scientific articles. Pauli's profes­ company in Buffalo, sional accomplishments in the field of cancer drug N .Y. During that time, he was instrumental in the discovery are known worldwide through his development of the anticancer drug, Mito­ nearly 100 scientific publications. xantrone. In 1979, he accepted a position in the H I R f LO U C A T I O N

DRG's Mischa Friedman Dies DWD Training lips Dr. Mischa (Mitty) Friedman died on Mar. 8 after a short illness. A native of Worcester, Mass., he The Division of Workforce Development, OHRM, received his B.S. degree in bacteriology from the offers the courses below. Personal computer University of Massachusetts and his M.S. and training is also available through User Resource Ph.D. degrees from the University of Illinois. He Center hands-on, self-study courses, at no cost co spent his last 18 years of federal service with the NIH employees. For more information call DWD Division of Research Grants (now the Center for on 496-6211 or consult DWD's home page at http:// Scientific Review), and at the time of his retire­ www-urc.od.nih.gov/dwd/dwdhome.html. ment in 1988, was associate director for referral Courses and Programs Starting Dates and review and chief of the Referral and Review Management, Supervisory & Professional Development Branch. In those positions, Friedman managed the Interacting with Difficult Employees 5/5 receipt and assignment (referral) for review and Winning Negotiations 5/5 potential award of all grant applications to NIH, GPRA "Results Act" Orientation for Developing Performance Measures 5/12 as well as the initial scientific merit review of the ITMRA: Greater Efficiency Utilizing IT vast majority of these Performance Measures 5/12 applications. . Conflict Management for Managers 5/13 He was the recipient of Comm11nication Skills numerous awards, includ­ Speaking Across the Gender Gap 5/7 ing the NIH Director's Reviewing Other People's Writing 5/13 Award, which he received Giving Successful Presentations 5/13 twice: in 1979, for excel­ Increase Your Word Power 5/5 lent leadership and manage­ Administrative Skills rial capabilities; and in Managing Difficulties in the Workplace 5/7 1987, for exemplary service Time Management Techniques to, and gifted leadership of, for Administrative Support Staff 5/6 the grant application Dr. Mischa Friedman Strengthening Your Support Role: A Team review procedures at NIH. Approach to Office Management 5/14 Men Needed In addition to his scientific and administrative Administrative Systems for Cholesterol expertise, Friedman was a skilled photographer. Foreign Travel - Overflow 5/4 Study Indeed, he and his wife Greta were both widely Basic Time and Attendance Using TAIMS 5/13 recognized and respected for their creative work in Federal Wage System Time and Attendance The Cardiology this area. Friedman received many awards for his Using TAIMS 5/12 Branch, NHLBI, is photographs, the last of which was given recently, Career Transition recruiting men in 1998, by the museum in Hagerstown, Md. NIH Retirement Seminar • FERS 5/6 with a history of elevated choles­ Dr. Samuel Schwartz, Friedman's predecessor as Computer Applications and Concepts terol for a study associate director for referral and review, in "A Introduction to Personal Computing for New Users 5/7 Eulogy to a Special Friend," praised Friedman as Welcome to Macintosh 5/14 assessing the "a man who achieved success, lived an honest, Web Page Design HTML 5/12 effect of a new good life, laughed often, and loved much. He was Introduction to Internet 5/5 therapeutic highly respected by all his colleagues throughout Advanced Internet 5/5 approach to the NIH for his fairness, abilities, dedication and Microsoft Office Suite 97, Documentation preventing and zeal in promoting the work he so believed in." Integration 5/4 treating athero­ MS Word 97 Fundamentals 5/6 And Dr. Jerome Green, director of the Division of sclerosis in men. Advanced Excel 7.0 for Windows 95 5/12 Research Grants during Friedman's last years Participants may MS Word 7.0 for Windows 95 Fundamentals 5/6 have a history of there, noted that he "was a gifted, enthusiastic MS Access 7.0 for Windows 95 5/13 coronary artery scientist devoted to maintaining the standard of Upgrading to MS Windows 95 5/7 fairness and excellence in peer review. His eager­ disease, but must ness and sincerity, delivered with a pronounced Corrections be in good general Boston accent, were contagious." health and not be The article headlined "New Exhibit Probes Many taking any Besides his wife, Friedman is survived by his son, Lives of NIH Site" in the last issue of the NIH Joshua, his daughter, Mara, his daughter-in-law, cholesterol­ Record included the wrong byline. Carol Clausen lowering or and two grandchildren, Michael and Caroline. was the story's author. Also, in the story on the fate The family has requested that any contributions be vitamin therapies of old oak trees in that issue, we reported that tree for 2 months prior sent to one of Friedman's favorite charities, the No. 154 would be used to restore two old Navy Frederick Soup Kitchen, at: Frederick Community to the study. battleships-the U.S.S. Constitution and U.S.S. Volunteers will be Action Agency, do Frederick Soup Kitchen, 100 Constellation. Only the former ship, "Old South Market St., Frederick, MD 21701. paid. Phone 435- Ironsides," will get the NIH wood. Ill 4038 or 496-3666. Portrait of Fielding Hudson Garrison Graces NLM Reading Room

or the past 35 years, the only visible presence of Later he became coeditor and then editor of Index FFielding Hudson Garrison (1870-1935) in the Medicus, a duty he performed until the end of his National Library of Medicine has been the faint career. His contributions to these landmark publica­ outline of his face, incised on the wall of the Bldg. tions helped ensure their excellence and established 38 lobby, alongside the images of his colleagues the library as the leader in providing control and John Shaw Billings and Robert Fletcher. Portraits of access to biomedical literature. Bitlings, the founder of the library, and his assistant Garrison was an avid student of the history of Fletcher, hang in NLM's main reading room. Now, medicine and was recognized as the preeminent a painting of Garrison, newly refurbished and hung American authority in this field. In 1911, he in the History of Medicine reading room, accords published in JAMA a list of classic medical publica­ him the prominence that his many contributions tions, the byproduct of research he had done for an deserve. exhibit of significant books, pamphlets and articles Garrison joined the staff of the Library of the in the library's collection. This checklist of mile­ Surgeon General's Office (the predecessor of NLM) stones in the development of medicine from ancient as a clerk in 1891 and times to the 20th century was revised and greatly remained for almost 40 expanded b-y Garrison in 1933 and later by others. years. He earned an Now in its fifth edition, the bibliography, commonly M.D. degree from known as "Garrison & Morton," remains a stan­ Georgetown University in dard reference work in medical history. Garrison 1893, taking courses at also published, in 1913, An Introduction to the night, and was promoted History of Medicine, which had gone through four to assistant librarian in editions by 1929 and is still a highly respected and 1899. He became widely used text. It is particularly fitting that principal assistant Garrison now presides over the History of Medicine librarian, a position that reading room, where he casts an informed and made him second to the benevolent eye upon present-day researchers in library's director ("The medical history. Librarian") in 1912, and The portrait, painted by Franklin B. Clark in 1937, Fielding H. Garrison was thereafter frequently shows Garrison in early middle age, wearing the called upon to serve as uniform of a lieutenant colonel in the Army Medical acting librarian. With Billings and Fletcher, he Department. The painting was done from a photo­ helped produce the first series of the Index Cata­ graph; Garrison had died 2 years earlier at age 64.­ logue of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office. Carol Clausen Iii

Four newspaper Wednesday Afternoon Lectures reporters are on The Wednesday Afternoon Lecture series- held on campus for 3 its namesake day at 3 p.m. in Masur Auditorium, weeks to get a Bldg. 10- features Dr. Eric S. Lander on Apr. 15, taste of science speaking on "Genes and Genomes." He is professor , from the inside. of biology, MIT, and director, Whitehead Institute, - In an effort to MIT Center for Genome Research. On Apr. 22, Dr. Lee Ann Niswander, assistant help deepen investigator, HHMI, and assistant member, molecu­ journalists' lar biology program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering understanding of Cancer Center, will discuss "Molecular Control of medical research, Vertebrate Limb Development." the nonprofit For more information or for reasonable accommo­ Knight Center for Specialized Journalism provided funding for the dation, call Hilda Madine, 594-5595. Iii writers to be headquartered at an NIH institute, interview scientists Director's Seminar Set, Apr. 17 and get a firsthand look at labs related to a particular area of interest. Shown here during their first days aboard are (from l) Anita Manning The NIH Director's Seminar Series of Friday noon­ of USA Today, hosted by NHGRI and concentrating on infectious time lectures in Bldg. 1 's Wilson Hall continues on diseases and virology; Ken Garber of the Ann Arbor Observer, who is Apr. 17 with Dr. Eugene V. Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, focusing on cancer research and genetics at NCI; Leigh Hopper of the speaking on "Complete Genomes of Cellular Life Austin American-Statesman, shepherded by NIAID and looking into Forms-The First Major Lessons from Comparative infectious diseases; and Mike Stobbe of the Florida Times-Union, who Analysis." Continuing medical education credit is chose to study diabetes at NIDDK. available. Iii