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Tanacetum Zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Bġtkġsġ Üzerġne Farmakognozġk Araġtirmalar

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Tanacetum Zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Bġtkġsġ Üzerġne Farmakognozġk Araġtirmalar T.C. ERCĠYES ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SAĞLIK BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ FARMAKOGNOZĠ ANABĠLĠMDALI TANACETUM ZAHLBRUCKNERİ (NÁB.) GRIERSON BĠTKĠSĠ ÜZERĠNE FARMAKOGNOZĠK ARAġTIRMALAR Hazırlayan Bio. Duygu EROĞLU DanıĢman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ Yrd. DanıĢman Yrd. Doç. Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN Yüksek Lisans Tezi Nisan 2016 KAYSERĠ 2 T.C. ERCĠYES ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SAĞLIK BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ FARMAKOGNOZĠ ANABĠLĠMDALI TANACETUM ZAHLBRUCKNERİ (NÁB.) GRIERSON BĠTKĠSĠ ÜZERĠNE FARMAKOGNOZĠK ARAġTIRMALAR Hazırlayan Bio. Duygu EROĞLU DanıĢman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ Yrd. DanıĢman Yrd. Doç. Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN Yüksek Lisans Tezi Bu çalıĢma Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel AraĢtırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından TYL-2014-5558 nolu proje ile desteklenmiĢtir. Nisan 2016 KAYSERĠ ii BĠLĠMSEL ETĠĞE UYGUNLUK Bu çalıĢmadaki tüm bilgilerin, akademik ve etik kurallara uygun bir Ģekilde elde edildiğini beyan ederim. Aynı zamanda bu kural ve davranıĢların gerektirdiği gibi, bu çalıĢmanın özünde olmayan tüm materyal ve sonuçları tam olarak aktardığımı ve referans gösterdiğimi belirtirim. Adı-Soyadı: Bio. Duygu EROĞLU Ġmza: iii YÖNERGEYE UYGUNLUK ONAYI “Tanacetum zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Bitkisi Üzerine Farmakognozik AraĢtırmalar” adlı Yüksek Lisanstezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Tez Önerisi ve Tez Yazma Yönergesi’ne uygun olarak hazırlanmıĢtır. Tezi Hazırlayan DanıĢman Bio. Duygu EROĞLU Yrd. Doç Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ Ġmza Ġmza Yardımcı DanıĢman Yrd. Doç Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN Ġmza Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı BaĢkanı Prof. Dr. Müberra KOġAR Ġmza iv Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ ve Yrd. Doç. Dr. ġ. Dilem Doğan danıĢmanlığında Bio. Duygu EROĞLU tarafından hazırlanan „Tanacetum zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Bitkisi Üzerine Farmakognozik AraĢtırmalar‟‟ adlı bu çalıĢma, jürimiz tarafından Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans tezi olarak kabul edilmiĢtir. ..…/…../2016 JÜRĠ Ġmza DanıĢman: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ (Farmakognozi ABD) Üye : Prof. Dr. Müberra KOġAR (Farmakognozi ABD) Üye : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gülin RENDA (Farmakognozi ABD) ONAY Bu tezin kabulü Enstitü Yönetim Kurulunun …../…../….. tarih ve ……..sayılı kararı ile onaylanmıĢtır. …../…../2016 Enstitü Müdürü Prof. Dr. Aykut Özdarendeli v TEġEKKÜR Eğitimim ve tez çalıĢmam süresince bana bilgi ve deneyimleri ile yardımcı olan, sabrını ve hoĢgörüsünü eksik etmeyen tez danıĢmanlarım Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ veYrd. Doç. Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN’a, Desteğini hiçbir zaman esirgemeyen, değerli vaktini bana ayırıp her zaman yardımcı olan Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı BaĢkanı Prof. Dr. Müberra KOġAR’a, Laboratuvar çalıĢmalarımda benden yardımlarını esirgemeyen, yol gösteren ve desteğini hep arkamda hissettiğim hocam Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gökçe ġEKER KARATOPRAK’a Maddelerin UV spektrumlarının çekilmesinde yardımcı olan Yrd. Doç. Dr. Çiğdem YÜCEL’e, Bitkilerin toplanmasını ve teĢhisini gerçekleĢtiren Yrd. Doç. Dr. M. Yavuz PAKSOY’a, Manevi desteğini esirgemeyen ve her zaman yanımda olan laboratuvar çalıĢmalarında desteklerini gördüğüm arkadaĢlarım Öğ. Gör. Leyla PAġAYEVA, ArĢ. Gör. Esra KÖNGÜL’e Tezin yazım aĢamasında yardımlarını esirgemeyen arkadaĢlarım Öğ. Gör. Hanifa FATULLAYEV, ArĢ. Gör. Meryem TAġCI, Ecz. Meltem TANBAY, Bio. Neslihan GÖKġEN, ArĢ. Gör. Elçin ÖZGER, ArĢ. Gör. Kübra UZUN, ArĢ. Gör. Furkan KONCA, ArĢ. Gör. Sedat ÜNAL’a, Tez çalıĢmamı TYL-2014-5558 kodlu proje ile finansal olarak destekleyen Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel AraĢtırma Projeleri Birimi’ne, Her zaman yanımda olan maddi ve manevi her türlü desteklerini benden hiçbir zaman esirgemeyen anneme, babama, kardeĢlerime Sonsuz teĢekkürlerimi sunarım. Duygu Eroğlu vi TANACETUM ZAHLBRUCKNERİ (NÁB.) GRIERSON BĠTKĠSĠ ÜZERĠNE FARMAKOGNOZĠK ARAġTIRMALAR Duygu EROĞLU Erciyes Üniversitesi, Sağlık BilimLeri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Nisan 2016 DanıĢmanlar: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ Yrd. Doç.Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN ÖZET Bu çalıĢmada dünya üzerinde 161, Türkiye florasında 47 türle temsil edilen Tanacetum cinsine ait Tanacetum zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson bitkisi üzerinde Farmakognozik araĢtırmalar gerçekleĢtirilmiĢtir. Bitkinin topraküstü kısımları metanol ile ekstre edilmiĢtir. Hazırlanan metanol ekstresinin önce toplam fenol, flavonoit ve flavonol miktarları analiz edilmiĢtir. Daha sonra metanol ekstresi su ile süspande edilerek sırası ile n-hekzan, dietil eter, diklorometan ve n- butanol ile partisyona tabi tutulmuĢtur. n- BuOH ekstresinden, bir fenolik asit (klorojenik asit= TZ-1), bir flavonoit glikoziti (rutin= TZ-2) ve bir primer metabolit olan conduritol F (TZ-3) olmak üzere üç bileĢik izole edilmiĢtir. Elde edilen bileĢiklerin yapıları spektroskopik yöntemler (UV, IR, 1H- NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR, MS) kullanılarak aydınlatılmıĢtır. T. zahlbruckneri’nin metanol ekstresi ve izole edilen bileĢiklerin kalitatif ve kantitatif saflık analizleri ters faz Yüksek Basınçlı Sıvı Kromatografisi (YBSK) ile yapılmıĢtır. Klorojenik asit ve rutinin ekstredeki miktarları hesaplanmıĢtır. Metanol ekstresi ve izole edilen saf bileĢiklerin antioksidan aktivitelerini tanımlamak için 1,1-difenil-2-pikrihidrazil (DPPH●) radikali, β-karoten-linoleik asitle oksidasyon ve 2,2'-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonik asit) (ABTS+●) radikal süpürücü etki yöntemleri kullanılmıĢtır. Klorojenik asitin aktivitesi, rutin ve ekstrelerden daha yüksek bulunmuĢtur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tanacetum zahlbruckneri, Asteraceae, Flavonoit, NMR, YBSK, DPPH●,ABTS+● vii RESEARCHS PHARMACOGNOSĠC ON TANACETUM ZAHLBRUCKNERİ (NÁB.) GRIERSON Duygu EROĞLU Erciyes University, Graduate Institute of Health Science Department of Pharmacognosy MS Thesis, April 2016 Advisors: Asist. Prof. Dr. Perihan GÜRBÜZ Asist. Prof. Dr. ġ. Dilem DOĞAN ABSTRACT In this study, pharmacognostical investigations have been carried out on Tanacetum zahlbruckneri, belonging to Tanacetum genus, represented by 161 species on worldwide and 47 species in Turkish flora. The aerial parts of the plant material were extracted with methanol. Total phenol, flavonoid and flavonol amounts of methanol extract were investigated. After that MeOH extract was suspanded with water and was subjected to partition with hexane, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, and n- butanol respectively. Three compounds including one phenolic compound (chlorogenic acid=TZ-1), one flavonoid (Rutin= TZ-2), and one primer metabolite (conduritol F=TZ-3) were isolated from n- butanol exract of T. zahlbruckneri using various chromatographic methods. The structure determination of the compounds achieved by spectral methods such as1H- NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR, MS. Qualitative-quantitative compositional analyses and purity data of MeOH extract and isolated pure compounds of T. zahlbruckneri were performed with reversed-phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).The amounts of isolated chlorogenic acid and rutin in the MeOH extract were calculated. To determine the antioxidant activity of the MeOH extract and isolated pure compounds, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl (DPPH●) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) (ABTS+●) radical scavenging effect, oxidation with β-carotene-linoleic acid effects were used. The activity of chlorogenic acid was found to be higher than rutin and extracts. Keywords: Tanacetum zahlbruckneri, Asteraceae, flavonoids, NMR, HPLC, DPPH●, ABTS+● viii ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER BĠLĠMSEL ETĠĞE UYGUNLUK .................................................................................... ii YÖNERGEYE UYGUNLUK ONAYI ............................................................................ iii ONAY .............................................................................................................................. iv TEġEKKÜR ...................................................................................................................... v ÖZET................................................................................................................................ vi ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vii ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER .............................................................................................................. viii SĠMGELER VE KISALTMALAR ................................................................................. xii TABLO LĠSTESĠ ............................................................................................................ xv ġEKĠL LĠSTESĠ ............................................................................................................. xvi 1. GĠRĠġ VE AMAÇ ......................................................................................................... 1 2. GENEL BĠLGĠLER ...................................................................................................... 3 2.1. BOTANĠK BĠLGĠLER ........................................................................................... 3 2.1.1. Asteraceae Familyası ....................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 Tribus Sınıflandırması ...................................................................................... 4 2.1.3. Anthemideae Tribusu ....................................................................................... 4 2.1.4. Tanacetum L. Türlerinin Botanik Özellikleri .................................................. 5 2.1.5. Tanacetum zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Bitkisinin Özellikleri ................... 5 2.1.6. Tacetum zahlbruckneri (Náb.) Grierson Türünün Bitki Sistematiğindeki Yeri ..................................................................................................................................
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