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Smart Home Automation System Based on Zigbee Network Using Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Technology & Software Applications Volume 2, Issue 2 - 2018, Pg. No. 12-17 Peer Reviewed Journal Research Article Smart Home Automation System Based on Zigbee Network using Voice Signals P Elechi1, CC Onwuka2, CE Ikpo3, B Armiyau4 1,2,3,4Department of Electrical Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Abstract In this paper, a voice controlled home automation system based on a wireless network protocol known as Zigbee was applied in achieving a smart home. The design was accomplished using the HM2007 voice recognition chip and 8051 microcontroller kit and relays. Simulations were carried out using Proteus 8 and the programming of the microcontroller using C++. The system was initially in standby mode waiting for an input from the user and once an input is detected, it is analyzed by the speech recognition module. If a known command is detected, the speech recognition system sends respective digital representations to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then interprets these data signals, compares them with a database of stored commands and thus identifies the referred load and its desired state. The processing results are then displayed on the LCD which is primarily used to display the system states. Based on the load state identified, control signals are sent to respective relay circuits, thus actuating the appropriate loads. The simulation results showed that the voice amplitude was directly proportional to the load supply current while at a constant amplitude of 10Volts, the frequency varied between 900Hz and 1200Hz. Keywords: Zigbee, Microcontroller, Home, Wireless, Automation Introduction sent to remote station through the Zigbee transceiver. The remote system then receives the commands through The Wireless Home Automation System is an integrated, Zigbee transceiver and performs the request functions. The easy-to-use home automation system that can be fully system through the sensor detects when a user enters or operated based on speech commands. A typical wireless leaves the room and this is done by measuring the change home automation system allows one to control household in signal strength between the access points and turns ON appliances from a centralized control unit. This paper or OFF the affected device accordingly. presents an integrated system on a portable single unit and allows one to control lights, fans, air conditioners, television Literature Review sets, security cameras, electronic doors, computer systems, Review of Home Automation System audio/visual equipment wirelessly by turning them ON or OFF from the source. To obtain the status of different The concept of home automation has been around since the [1] sensors and act accordingly based on voice control through late 1900s. Irrespective of the change in user expectations, a network called Zigbee. The microphone serves as the input advancement of technology or change of time, the role signal medium and is connected to the HM2007 speech of a home automation system has remained the same. [2] recognition chip. This chip sends the voice commands in presented some of the early challenges faced by home binary sequence to the microcontroller. The base station automation systems. These include high manufacturing unit makes the relevant decision and the commands are costs, high development costs, high installation costs, Corresponding Author: P Elechi, Department of Electrical Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. E-mail Id: [email protected] Orcid Id: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4861-7742 How to cite this article:P Elechi, CC Onwuka, CE Ikpo et al. Smart Home Automation System Based on Zigbee Network Using Voice Signals J Adv Res Comp Tech Soft Appl 2018; 2(2): 12-17. Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Technology & Software Applications P Elechi et al. 13 J. Adv. Res. Comp. Tech. Soft. Appl. 2018; 2(2) additional service and support costs, lack of home automation standards, consumer unfamiliarity with technology, and complex user interfaces. Moreover, most home automation protocols, communication and interface standards like X10[3] Zigbee[4], LonTalk[5] and CEBus[6] were defined overtime.[7] Proposed a home automation Security System called Smart-Eye using General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The Smart-Eye used central controller system, in which many individual home controllers are connected.[8, 9] proposed a home automation system using Bluetooth that can be accessed remotely through GPRS.[10] proposed a Figure 1.Zigbee Modem [22] home automation system using SMS. The proposed system could detect illegal intrusions at home and allow legitimate users to change the passkey for the door and control lights in the home. The intruders into the home were identified by monitoring the state of the home door, which was done using Light Emitting Diode (LED) and infrared sensors.[11] and Saeed, et al [2010]also proposed an SMS-based home security system titled“SMS-based Wireless Home Appliance Control System (HACS)”.[12] designed and implemented a DTMF-based home automation system in which the user calls a SIM number assigned to the home and presses the digits on their phone’s keypad to control the home’s devices by generating a DTMF tone.[13] implemented a home automation system using Internet for enabling remote home access and infrared technology for device communication within the home.[14] proposed home automation system using RF and SMS. The RF module discussed was used Figure 2.Zigbee System Structure (Mesh Network) for communication between the homeowner and the Materials and Method devices. Many authors have presented a Wi-Fi based home automation system[15-22] also developed a system based Base Station on graphical user interface (GUI) using Microsoft Visual Basic software hosted on a PC, and uses Microsoft Speech Recognition engine using zigbee. Having considered these work, it will be worthwhile to propose a new approach. This approach will implement a wireless protocol known as Zigbee because of its advantages over others. Zigbee Network Figure 3.Block Diagram of the Base Station Zigbee network is specially built for as a control and The base station simply refers to a portable device which the sensor networks on IEEE 802.15.4 standard mostly for house-owner will use in controlling the various appliances wireless personal area networks (WPANs).[1] This network in his home. The user speaks into the base station and the standard defines the physical and Media Access Control signal is transmitted to the remote station. The speech (MAC) layers which handles most devices at low-data recognition unit is a completely assembled and easy-to- rates. Zigbee’s WPANs operate at 868 MHz, 902-928MHz use programmable (i.e. words which are recognizable by and 2.4 GHz frequencies. Zigbee is widely deployed for the circuit can be trained) speech recognition unit. It can controlling and monitoring applications. It has low power recognize 20 words, each word a length of 1.92 seconds. consumption and covers 10-100 meters within a given An on-board 3V battery is used to store the RAM content range. It is also less expensive and simpler than the other even after power OFF. proprietary short-range wireless sensor networks such as Bluetooth.[22] It supports different network configurations System Programming for master-master or master-slave communications. Also, To program the system, the keypad and digital display it can be operated in different modes and as a result, the communicates with the HM2007 chip. The keypad is made battery power is conserved. of 12 Normally Open momentary contact switches. When P Elechi et al. J. Adv. Res. Comp. Tech. Soft. Appl. 2018; 2(2) 14 the circuit is turned ON, a display of “00” is shown on the digital display, the red LED (READY) comes ON and the circuit waits for a command. Training Words for Recognition • Step 1:- Press “1” on the keypad and the display will show “01” and the LED will turn OFF • Step 2:- Pressing the TRAIN key will make the LED to turn ON and this places the circuit in training mode, for word one. • Step 3:- Say the target word through the onboard microphone clearly. Figure 5.8051 Microcontroller with Basic Connection • Step 4:- Ensure the circuit signals acceptance of the voice input by blinking the LED OFF then ON. The word The Zigbee is normally configured for 9600bps serial (or utterance) is now identified as the “01” word. communication and for the purpose of this work, none of the configuration options was changed. • Step 5:- If the LED does not flash, repeat the process by pressing “1” and then the “TRAIN” key. A 16 x 2 LCD was used as screen display with 16 pins. The New words can be trained in the circuit by repeating steps microcontroller 8051 was used as the central processing 1-5 above. unit, it operates on regulated +5V power supply. This was achieved by connecting a +5 volt regulator at the output Testing Recognition of battery. To test the training, repeat a trained word through the The Remote Station microphone. This will be displayed on the digital display. For instance, if the word “radio” was trained as word number 8, saying the word “radio” through the microphone will display the number 8. Error Codes The chip provides the following error codes. • 55 means that the word is too long • 66 means that the word is too short • 77 means that the word has no match Figure 6.Block Diagram of the Remote Station Clearing Memory The remote station is that part of the home automation To erase all words in memory, press “99” and then “CLR”. system which will be connected to the various home The numbers will quickly scroll by on the digital display appliances as shown in figure 6.
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