Catalonia: Endeavor for Independence
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Une Catalogne Indepéndante? European Geopolitics and The
TEMPORARY EXHIBIT European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) ENGLISH Democratic Memorial June 2017 “Une Catalogne indépendante”? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Temporary Exhibit · Democratic Memorial · June 2017 1. EXHIBITION SCRIPT 0 . «Une Catalogne indépendante»? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) 1. What never was. The crude realpolitik of international relations 2. The radical transformation of the map of Europe between World War I and II. 1919-1945 2.1. New borders, new countries 2.2.The idea of Europe 2.3. Diplomacy: A game? 2.4. Calling on France 3. Catalonia existed in the world; the world was present in Catalonia. 3.1. Catalonia as a subject 3.2. The Italian view. Mussolini’s policy of Mediterranean power 3.3. Foreigners in Catalonia 3.4. Barcelona was also a city of diplomats. 3.5. Barcelona, a great city of the Western Mediterranean. 4. A Catalan Maginot line? The importance of the third French front in a European war 4.1. The Pyrenees, the importance of the southern border to France 4.2. Franco before Stalin! Fear of communism. 4.3. The port of Barcelona, a desirable location 4.4. A View from Catalonia 5. A real debate amidst rumours. Catalan independence in an international Spanish Civil War 5.1. Madrid’s fate determines the future of Catalonia 5.2. A de facto independence 5.3. Catalonia or Spain, an unresolved dilemma (May 1937 - April 1939) 6. Why didn’t it occur? “Une Catalogne indépendante”? European Geopolitics and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Temporary Exhibit · Democratic Memorial · June 2017 0 . -
The Inclusion of the Libraries of Barcelona in the Cultural 'Map'
Date : 08/07/2008 The inclusion of the Libraries of Barcelona in the cultural ‘map’, or how to turn a need into a virtue. Marta Clari, Executive Director, Institut de Cultura de Barcelona Mercè Muñoz Technical Secretary, Biblioteques de Barcelona ([email protected]) Meeting: 149. Metropolitan Libraries with Public Libraries Simultaneous Interpretation: Not available WORLD LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CONGRESS: 74TH IFLA GENERAL CONFERENCE AND COUNCIL 10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla74/index.htm A few days after receiving the invitation to present the Libraries of Barcelona in this forum, the result was published of a survey carried out annually by the City Council of Barcelona to rate the degree of satisfaction of the citizens with regard to the public services provided by the municipality: the public libraries took the top spot in the survey, being the most highly rated service by the citizens of Barcelona. Objectively this is good news, but it is even more so if you take into account the situation of the public libraries of the city just 15 years ago. So as to be able to understand what has happened in the last 15 years, it is necessary to know briefly their history, for without knowing it, it is difficult to understand how a major cosmopolitan city, capital of a culture with a thousand year tradition, with the capacity of organising the successful Olympic Games of 1992, to quote a reference that gave the city international recognition, still in that year didn’t have a plan for its system of public libraries, and moreoverto attend a population of more than 1,600,000 inhabitants there was only 6,650 m2 of public library spaces, divided between 15 facilities (in some cases small libraries of less than 200 m2). -
Constructing Contemporary Nationhood in the Museums and Heritage Centres of Catalonia Colin Breen*, Wes Forsythe**, John Raven***
170 Constructing Contemporary Nationhood in the Museums and Heritage Centres of Catalonia Colin Breen*, Wes Forsythe**, John Raven*** Abstract Geographically, Spain consists of a complex mosaic of cultural identities and regional aspirations for varying degrees of autonomy and independence. Following the end of violent conflict in the Basque country, Catalonia has emerged as the most vocal region pursuing independence from the central Spanish state. Within the Catalan separatist movement, cultural heritage sites and objects have been appropriated to play an intrinsic role in supporting political aims, with a variety of cultural institutions and state-sponsored monumentality playing an active part in the formation and dissemination of particular identity-based narratives. These are centred around the themes of a separate and culturally distinct Catalan nation which has been subject to extended periods of oppression by the varying manifestations of the Spanish state. This study addresses the increasing use of museums and heritage institutions to support the concept of a separate and distinctive Catalan nation over the past decade. At various levels, from the subtle to the blatant, heritage institutions are propagating a message of cultural difference and past injustice against the Catalan people, and perform a more consciously active, overt and supportive role in the independence movement. Key words: Catalonia, museums, heritage, identity, nationhood Across contemporary Europe a range of nationalist and separatist movements are again gaining momentum (Borgen 2010). From calls for independence in Scotland and the divisive politics of the Flemish and Walloon communities in Belgium, to the continually complicated political mosaic of the Balkan states, there are now a myriad of movements striving for either greater or full autonomy for their region or peoples. -
Archives of the Crown of Aragon Catalogue of Publications of the Ministry: General Catalogue of Publications: Publicacionesoficiales.Boe.Es
Archives of the Crown of Aragon Catalogue of Publications of the Ministry: www.mecd.gob.es General Catalogue of Publications: publicacionesoficiales.boe.es Edition 2018 Translation: Communique Traducciones MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS Published by: © TECHNICAL GENERAL SECRETARIAT Sub-Directorate General of Documentation and Publications © Of the texts and photographs: their authors NIPO: 030-18-036-7 Legal Deposit: M-13391-2018 Archives of the Crown of Aragon 700th anniversary of the creation of the Archive of the Crown of Aragon (ACA) (1318) United Nations Santa Fe Capitulations United Nations Celebrated in association with UNESCO Educational, Scientific and Inscribed on the Register in 2009 Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Memory of the World Cultural Organization Index 1. History .......................................................................................................... 7 2. Current Locations ..................................................................................... 21 3. Board of Trustees ..................................................................................... 25 4. European Heritage Label and UNESCO Memory of the World Register ........................................................................................................ 28 5. Documents ................................................................................................. 32 Real Cancillería (Royal Chancery) ....................................................... 32 Consejo de Aragón (Council of -
The Tubal Figure in Early Modern Iberian Historiography, 16Th and 17Th Century
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert THE TUBAL FIGURE IN EARLY MODERN IBERIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY, 16TH AND 17TH CENTURY MATTHIAS GLOËL UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE TEMUCO CHILE Date of receipt: 16th of May, 2016 Final date of acceptance: 13th of September, 2016 ABSTRACT This study is dedicated to the use of the biblical figure Tubal in early modern Iberian chronicles. The focus will be centered on how it is used in different ways in the different kingdoms (Castile, Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, Portugal and the Basque Provinces and Navarre) and what the authors are trying to achieve through this. Results show that while Castilian authors try to prove Spanish antiquity with the Tubal settlement, in other kingdom, especially in Catalonia, Portugal and Navarre there is a more regional use of the myth. Most of these authors try to prove that their own kingdom is the territory where Tubal settled, which would give a pre-eminence of antiquity to it in comparison to the other Iberian territories. KEYWORDS Early Modern History, Chronicles, Myths, Spanish Monarchy, Tubal. CapitaLIA VERBA Prima Historia Moderna, Chronica, Mythi, Monarchia Hispanica, Tubal. IMAGO TEMPORIS. MEDIUM AEVUM, XI (2017) 27-51 / ISSN 1888-3931 / DOI 10.21001/itma.2017.11.01 27 28 MATTHIAS GLOËL 1. Introduction Myths have always played an outstanding part in human history and they are without any doubt much older than science. This is also valid for chronicles or historiographical works. Christian historians in particular broke up the division between myth and history, which had been established by classical historiography.1 Only pagan stories remained myths, while the Bible gained the recognition of true history.2 Early Modern chronicles from the Iberian Peninsula are no exception to this phenomenon. -
The Catalan Struggle for Independence
THE CATALAN STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE An analysis of the popular support for Catalonia’s secession from Spain Master Thesis Political Science Specialization: International Relations Date: 24.06.2019 Name: Miquel Caruezo (s1006330) Email: [email protected] Supervisor: Dr. Angela Wigger Image Source: Photo by NOTAVANDAL on Unsplash (Free for commercial or non-commercial use) Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Chapter 1: Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Resource Mobilization Theory ...................................................................................................... 7 1.1.1 Causal Mechanisms ................................................................................................................ 9 1.1.2 Hypotheses........................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Norm Life Cycle Theory ............................................................................................................... 11 1.2.1 Causal Mechanisms ............................................................................................................. -
The Regions of Spain
© 2017 American University Model United Nations Conference All rights reserved. No part of this background guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means whatsoever without express written permission from the American University Model United Nations Conference Secretariat. Please direct all questions to [email protected] A NOTE Julia Clark Chair Estimats Diputats del Parlament de Catalunya, Dear Diputats of the Parliament of Catalonia, My name is Julia Clark and I’ll be serving as your Chair for the Parliament of Catalonia. I cannot wait to meet all of you in February. Time is of the essence and the Catalan Republic needs creating! As for a little bit about myself: MUN is my life! Last year, I served on the AmeriMUNC Secretariat as the Charges D’Affaires and currently I am an Assistant Head Delegate of the AU Model United Nations competitive travel team. I have done MUN for seven years, competing at 24 conferences across the US and Canada, and I once chaired a conference in the Netherlands! I’m proud to say that AmeriMUNC will be my eighth time chairing. Outside of MUN, I am also the President of my sorority, Phi Mu. If you have any questions about greek life or collegiate MUN, I’d love to chat via email or at the conference. I’m personally very excited to be forming our own new nation, the Catalan Republic. I just studied abroad for four months in Madrid, Spain and was at the center of the real life action surrounding the Catalan independence movement. -
Catalonia, Spain and Europe on the Brink: Background, Facts, And
Catalonia, Spain and Europe on the brink: background, facts, and consequences of the failed independence referendum, the Declaration of Independence, the arrest and jailing of Catalan leaders, the application of art 155 of the Spanish Constitution and the calling for elections on December 21 A series of first in history. Examples of “what is news” • On Sunday, October 1, Football Club Barcelona, world-known as “Barça”, multiple champion in Spanish, European and world competitions in the last decade, played for the first time since its foundation in 1899 at its Camp Nou stadium, • Catalan independence leaders were taken into custody in “sedition and rebellion” probe • Heads of grassroots pro-secession groups ANC and Omnium were investigated over September incidents Results • Imprisonment of Catalan independence leaders gives movement new momentum: • Asamblea Nacional Catalana (Jordi Sànchez) and • Òmnium Cultural (Jordi Cuixart), • Thousands march against decision to jail them • Spain’s Constitutional Court strikes down Catalan referendum law • Key background: • The Catalan Parliament had passed two laws • One would attempt to “disengage” the Catalan political system from Spain’s constitutional order • The second would outline the bases for a “Republican Constitution” of an independent Catalonia The Catalan Parliament factions • In the Parliament of Catalonia, parties explicitly supporting independence are: • Partit Demòcrata Europeu Català (Catalan European Democratic Party; PDeCAT), formerly named Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya -
1 Centro Vasco New York
12 THE BASQUES OF NEW YORK: A Cosmopolitan Experience Gloria Totoricagüena With the collaboration of Emilia Sarriugarte Doyaga and Anna M. Renteria Aguirre TOTORICAGÜENA, Gloria The Basques of New York : a cosmopolitan experience / Gloria Totoricagüena ; with the collaboration of Emilia Sarriugarte Doyaga and Anna M. Renteria Aguirre. – 1ª ed. – Vitoria-Gasteiz : Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia = Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco, 2003 p. ; cm. – (Urazandi ; 12) ISBN 84-457-2012-0 1. Vascos-Nueva York. I. Sarriugarte Doyaga, Emilia. II. Renteria Aguirre, Anna M. III. Euskadi. Presidencia. IV. Título. V. Serie 9(1.460.15:747 Nueva York) Edición: 1.a junio 2003 Tirada: 750 ejemplares © Administración de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco Presidencia del Gobierno Director de la colección: Josu Legarreta Bilbao Internet: www.euskadi.net Edita: Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia - Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Donostia-San Sebastián, 1 - 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Diseño: Canaldirecto Fotocomposición: Elkar, S.COOP. Larrondo Beheko Etorbidea, Edif. 4 – 48180 LOIU (Bizkaia) Impresión: Elkar, S.COOP. ISBN: 84-457-2012-0 84-457-1914-9 D.L.: BI-1626/03 Nota: El Departamento editor de esta publicación no se responsabiliza de las opiniones vertidas a lo largo de las páginas de esta colección Index Aurkezpena / Presentation............................................................................... 10 Hitzaurrea / Preface......................................................................................... -
On the Theme Statelessness
Submission Guidelines Collaborate with your team on your case study presentation. When it is complete, the team leader is responsible for submitting it in the Assignment Lab, or for making sure that another team member submits it. Please note that all learners should visit the assignment lab and provide feedback on at least 2 other team presentations, before the deadline. As a reminder, your presentation should: 1. Be limited to no more than 750 words 2. Engage the materials in the case studies, lectures, and text. 3. You are free to import material from outside the course, but this is not necessary and may detract you and teammates from the task. Don't go overboard! Instructions Step 1: Read the case study introduction, background information, and the primary sources below. Step 2: Work with your team to answer the challenge question for this case study. Step 3: Go to the Assignment Lab to post your response, and to read and comment on other learners' submissions. Track A, Case study 6: Las Casas on the rights of Native peoples. STEP 1 Case Study Introduction Did conquered peoples of the Americas have rights? In this case study, we look at the sixteenth century work of Bartolomé de Las Casas about the excesses of Spanish colonizers in the Americas and his arguments on the rights of indigenous communities. Las Casas raised awareness in Spain of the abuse and exploitation of native peoples by greedy Europeans. While European settlers in the Americas felt that they had ‘discovered’ a new world full of resources and opportunities (for God, gold and silver, and glory), to the people of that world the encounter was a catastrophe, an overturning of space and time, (‘Pacha Kuti,’ in the Quechua language of the Incan people). -
He Catalan Sovereignty Process and the Spanish Constitutional Court. an Analysis of Reciprocal Impacts *
THE CATALAN SOVEREIGNTY PROCESS AND THE SPANISH CONSTITUTIONAL COURT. AN ANALYSIS OF RECIPROCAL IMPACTS * Eduard Roig i Molés** Abstract Since 2013 the Catalan sovereignty process and the Spanish Constitutional Court have increasingly been at odds with one another. This situation has altered the course of the Catalan sovereignty process, with the interventions of the Court notable for having a major bearing on sovereignty initiatives. The aim of this study is to analyse not just the constitutional jurisprudence, but also the transformation of the Catalan sovereignty process based on the decisions of the Constitutional Court, how these decisions have affected the course of action taken by Catalan institutions, and the effects and efficacy of the Court’s judgments, court orders and rulings in curbing the intentions of Catalan institutions. Conversely, the Catalan sovereignty process has had a major impact on the position of the Constitutional Court and its functions, relating to the Court’s jurisprudence and the political choices of regional and state institutions, and this impact is likewise analysed. Lastly, attention is given to the ‘collateral’ effects the Constitutional Court’s intervention in the Catalan sovereignty process has had on a number of other areas of Spain’s constitutional system. Keywords: Spanish Constitutional Court; constitutional law; sovereignty; Catalan sovereignty process Resum Des de l’any 2013, el procés sobiranista s’ha enfrontat progressivament amb el Tribunal Constitucional i ha provocat una mutació del procés -
Joan Esculies the CRADLE of CATALAN SEPARATISM WHITE
Joan Esculies THE CRADLE OF CATALAN SEPARATISM WHITE-COLLARS IN BARCELONA DURING WORLD WAR I The development, sociology and political orientation of white-collar workers have monopolised lots of historians’ attention in order to uncover, particularly, their relationship to fascism and the triumph of National Socialism: scholars have researched the German case in comparison to other state cases such as the French, English, Italian, the North American or even the Peruvian. Nowadays it is widely accepted that there is not a unique behaviour of white-collars towards fascism or any other ideology. And, instead, that their political orientation depends on the particular state society, culture and history, capitalist development, economic situation, working and living conditions, among other factors of the researched period.1 Less attention has to date been paid to the relationship between white-collars and the development of sub-state nationalisms.2 Yet in some particular cases, at least in Catalonia (the north- eastern region of Spain), this group of workers played a major role in the appearance and development of the most radical tendencies within Catalan nationalism (also known as Catalanism): separatism. The following paper is part of a wider project on comparative history on the relevance of white-collars in sub-state nationalisms. As this is a work in progress the article is due to present the general ideas and concepts involving white-collars in Catalonia, especially in Barcelona, and their relationship with Catalanism and specifically to their relevance in the origins of Catalan separatism. Joan Esculies, ‘The cradle of Catalan separatism: white-collars in Barcelona during World War I’, in: Studies on National Movements, 2 (2014).