Adequacy of Federal Response to Housing Needs of Older Americans

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Adequacy of Federal Response to Housing Needs of Older Americans ADEQUACY OF FEDERAL RESPONSE TO HOUSING NEEDS OF OLDER AMERICANS HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON HOUSING FOR THE ELDERLY OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING UNITED STATES SENATE NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION PART 13-WASHINGTON, D.C. OCTOBER 7, 1975 Printed for the use of the Special Committee on Aging U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 60-356 0 WASHINGTON: 1975 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 -Price $1.10 SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING FRANK CHURCH, Idaho, Chairman HARRISON A. WILLIAMS, JR., New Jersey HIRAM L. FONG, Hawaii JENNINGS RANDOLPH, West Virginia CLIFFORD P. HANSEN, Wyoming EDMUND S. MUSKIE, Maine EDWARD W. BROOKE, Massachusetts H. PERCY, Illinois FRANK E. MOSS, Utah CHARLES EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts ROBERT T. STAFFORD, Vermont WALTER F. MONDALE, Minnesota J. GLENN BEALL, JR., Maryland VANCE HARTKE, Indiana PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico CLAIBORNE PELL, Rhode Island BILL B ROCK, Tennessee THOMAS F. EAGLETON, Missouri DEWEY F. BARTLETT, Oklahoma JOHN V. TUNNEY, California LAWTON CHILES, Florida DICK CLARK, Iowa JOHN A. DURKIN, New Hampshire WnL.AM E. ORIOL, Staff Director DAVD A. AFFELDT, Chief Counsel VAL J. HALAMANDARIS, Associate Counsel JoaN GuY MILLER, Minority Staff Director PATRICIA G. OsIOL, Chief Clerk SUBCOMMITTEE ON HOUSING FOR THE ELDERLY HARRISON A. WILLIAMS, Ja., New Jersey, Chairman FRANK CHURCH, Idaho CLIFFORD P. HANSEN, Wyoming EDMUND S. MUSKIE, Maine HIRAM L. FONG, Hawaii EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts EDWARD W. BROOKE, Massachusetts WALTER F. MONDALE, Minnesota ROBERT T. STAFFORD, Vermont CLAIBORNE PELL, Rhoda Island PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico JOHN V. TUNNEY, California BILL B ROCK, Tennessee LAWTON CHILES, Florida DEWEY F. BARTLETT, Oklahoma FRANK E. MOSS, Utah VANCE HARTKE, Indiana DICK CLARK, Iowa JOHN A. DURKIN, New Hampshire Adequacy of Federal Response to Housing Needs of Older Americans: Part 1. Washington, D.C., August 2,1971. Part 2. Washington, D.C., August 3, 1971. Part 3. Washington, D.C., August 4,1971. Part 4. Washington, D.C., October 28,1971. Part 5. Washington, D.C., October 29,1971. Part 6. Washington, D.C., July 31, 1972. Part 7. Washington, D.C., August 1,1972. Part 8. Washington, D.C., August 2,1972. Part 9. Boston, Mass., October 2, 1972. Part 10. Trenton, N.J., January 17,1974. Part 11. Atlantic City, N.J., January 18,1974. Part 12. East Orange, N.J., January 19, 1974. Part 13. Washington, D.C., October 7,1975. Part 14. Washington, D.C., October 8, 1975. (I) CONTENTS page Opening statement by Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr., chairman -- 889 Statement by Senator Frank Church - -891 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF WITNESSES Donahue, Dr. Wilma, director, International Center for Social Geron- tology, Washington, D.C -893 Thompson, Dr. Marie McGuire, housing consultant, International Center for Social Gerontology -- 899 Danzig, Louis, executive secretary, New Jersey Association of Housing and Redevelopment Authorities -908 Notte, Robert, executive director, Newark Redevelopment and Housing Authority -910 Sudia, John J., executive director, Housing Authority of the Borough of Carteret, N.J 914 Bokser, Kallia H., coordinator, New York City Public Housing Authority 915 Patterson, Arthur H., resident, Anthony Spallino Towers, Niagara Falls, N.Y-~~~~~- - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - 919 McCann, Robert H., executive director, Manchester Housing Authority, Manchester, N.H -922 Tayback, Dr. Matthew, director, Office on Aging, State of Maryland---- 924 APPENDIXES Appendix 1. Letters and statements from individuals and organizations: Item 1. Letter with enclosure from Wilfred B. Smith, executive director board of commissioners, housing authority of the city of Alma, Ga.; to Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr., dated September 24, 1975 - 939 Item 2. Letter from Matthew Tayback, director, State of Maryland Office on Aging; to Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr., dated October 27, 1975 -942 Item 3. Letter from Patrick J. Feeney, director, Columbus, Ohio, Metropolitan Housing Authority; to Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr., dated October 27, 1975 -942 Item 4. Statement of the housing authority of Prince Georges County, Md -943 Item 5. Statement of Gilbert Waters, Sarasota, Fla., community planner and developer of geriatric-oriented housing -945 Item 6. Statement and attachments of Thomas W. Zito, executive director, Bayonne Housing Authority, Bayonne, N.J.; provided in conjunction with testimony of Louis Danzig -946 Appendix 2. Interim guidelines for sheltered housing from the Maryland State Office on Aging; provided in conjunction with testimony of Dr. Matthew Tayback -959 Appendix 3. Excerpts from the Noam book; submitted by Dr. Wilma T. Donahue -966 Appendix 4. Congregate housing developments in Toledo and Columbus, Ohio ------------------------------- 972 Appendix 5. Congregate housing, Alma, Ga - -976 Appendix 6. Park View Plaza, Burwell, Nebr - -979 (III) ADEQUACY OF FEDERAL RESPONSE TO HOUSING NEEDS OF OLDER AMERICANS OCTOBER 7, 1975 U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON HOUSING FOR THE ELDERLY OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 4232, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Harrison A. Williams, Jr., chairman, presiding. Present: Senators Williams, Clark, Durkin, Stafford, and Beall. Also present: William E. Oriol, staff director; Diana McIver, pro- fessional staff member; John Guy Miller, minority staff director; Margaret Fay6 and Gerald Yee, minority professional staff members; Patricia Oriol, chief clerk; Kathryn Dann, assistant chief clerk; Eugene Cummings, printing assistant; and Alison Case, assistant clerk. OPENING STATEMENT BY SENATOR HARRISON A. WILLIAMS, JR., CHAIRMAN Senator WILLIAMS. Good morning to all. Welcome to the hearing of the Subcommittee on Housing for the Elderly of the Special Com- mittee on Aging. I would like to say at the outset, today and tomorrow our sub- committee turns its attention to a little-noticed emergency which seems to be developing in many public housing projects throughout our country, and that emergency has been slow in developing, but it has certainly become more intense as older persons in public housing continue to grow in numbers and in age. Many persons now in such housing were elderly when they first took up residence there. Many have grown old in such quarters. The very plain consequence is such individuals are likely to need more services as they grow older and to be less able to cope with chores and functions they once regarded as routine. Their need may be for a few hours of work weekly by a homemaker to help them keep their quarters in order. They may need transporta- tion so that they continue to do their own shopping. They may need a podiatrist's examination every so often to keep mobile. Meals in a group setting can provide more than nutrition; they can also mean the difference between loneliness and involvement. (889) 890 ELDERLY IN A SERVICE LIMBO The need for such services may seem to be self-evident, but in many communities the elderly in public housing are in a service limbo. Housing authorities, already swamped by increasing costs and re- stricted budgets, may tend to reject any new commitments. Hard pressed directors of municipal service programs say that older persons in public housing at least can be sure of a roof over their heads at rents which are mandated to remain within certain limits. The result, as described by one of our witnesses, Marie McGuire Thompson, former U.S. Public Housing Commissioner, is: As could be anticipated, an increasing number of public housing agencies are faced with the fact that either they must evict the more frail or impaired who cannot sustain the shopping, cooking, or heavy housekeeping chores designed for the hale and hearty, or they must develop-on a crash and, perhaps, ill-founded basis-some semblance of the services these aging occupants need to maintain at least semi-independence in a residential setting. Notice the emphasis on residential setting. In other words, a com- paratively few well-directed services can help keep people in their own quarters and out of institutions. At a time when there is so much talk about "alternatives to in- stitutionalization," here is a good one. At a time when the Federal share of total long-term care in the United States is $4 billion here is one we can't afford to neglect. It is true that in 1970 and again in 1974 the Congress took action to encourage greater reliance on what the legislation described as "congregate housing." I'm proud to say that I led the effort leading to the 1970 enactment. But I am well aware the congregate housing requirements of that act have not been widely used, for reasons which will be discussed at this hearing. I am also aware that the Depart- ment of Housing and Urban Development and the Administration on Aging have taken encouraging, but limited, actions to develop a cooperative course of action to deal with the service needs I've mentioned. I'll look forward to HUD-AOA testimony tomorrow, but today I'll say that I am impatient for more action at a more rapid pace than is now the case. After all, approximately 40 percent of all residents in public housing are over age 62. In New Jersey, where nearly 20,000 units of public housing are occupied by elderly persons, this same percentage holds true. "MORE THAN A ROOF" But even though these 2 days of hearings are devoted to public housing, I should also point out that the need for "more than a roof" is not limited to that program. There is a growing need for congregate housing in other settings, as well. Dr. Wilma Donahue, one of the pioneers in gerontology and one of our distinguished witnesses today, regards such housing as a means to maintain or return to a semi- independent lifestyle while avoiding institutional care. A working paper written by Marie McGuire Thompson will soon be issued by this committee and will explore such themes further, as will this subcommittee.
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