CORRECTIONS to the GREGORIAN CALENDAR By
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Periodization: Who Needs It?
Periodization: Who Needs It? Now that we are into a new calendar year, it’s time to get serious about your training program for the upcoming year. Many cyclists use some sort of training plan. One of the common elements of any training plan is that it is broken into segments, called periods. ‘Periodization’ is the process of developing a training schedule which has varying periods of hard work leading to overload or over- reaching, followed by a recovery period. Typically the year (the macrocycle) is broken into several large cycles, called mesocycles. Joe Friel, author of the Cyclists Training Bible uses the following names for these mesocycles: Preparation, Base, Build, Peak, Race and Transition. The Build, Peak and Race periods may be multiple several times during the racing season. The type of training during each of these is different depending on the time of year. Each of these mesocycles may have one or more cycles of 3-5 week segments. For example, your base period may have three sets of 4 weeks where you build up mileage and intensity for three consecutive weeks and then take the fourth week easier to recover from the previous three hard weeks. The purpose of varying the intensity of your training with periods of rest and recovery is to allow you to reach a higher level of fitness than if you just rode at a steady workload throughout the year. It’s similar to doing intervals, but on a larger scale. Almost every cyclist does some sort of periodization in their training whether they realize it or not. -
A Few Common Misconceptions in Historical Astronomy by Barry D
A Few Common Misconceptions in Historical Astronomy By Barry D. Malpas – Special to the Williams-Grand Canyon News – 2014 September Did Galileo Invent the Telescope? Credit for the invention of the telescope is given to the Dutch lens maker Johann Lippershey (ca. 1570- 1619) in the year 1608, who tried to market them as military devices to the Dutch Government. Galileo, hearing about the invention through his correspondences with other scientists in Europe, built his first telescope in one evening, during the fall of 1609. Galileo too recognized the military significance of the telescope, but he also compre- hended its scientific importance, applying it to the Moon and planets, hence expanding humankind's understanding of the Universe. This use advanced astronomy as a modern science and provided its most important research instrument. Has Polaris Always Been the North Star? As the Earth spins on its axis like a giant top, it also slowly wobbles like one, completing one cycle in a period of about 26,000 years. This circular wobble is known as Precession, and is the movement of the direction in the sky to where the Earth’s axis points. At present, it points very close to the star Polaris. However, 5,000 years ago when Stonehenge in England and the Great Pyramid at Giza, Egypt, were being constructed, the Earth’s north polar axis pointed to Thuban, a star in the constellation Draco. About 12,000 years from now the axis will circle its way around towards the bright star Vega, in the constellation Lyra. (Note both Thuban and Vega on the sky chart.) Was the Earth Considered Flat When Columbus Discovered the New World? This misconception was generally true for the unschooled masses, but not so for anyone who had received an education. -
2020-2021 Districtwide School Year Calendar
FINAL 2020 – 2021 Districtwide School Year Calendar AUGUST FEBRUARY 2020-21 Calendar M T W T F M T W T F 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 Aug 17 Professional Meeting Day. No Students 8 Aug 18 -21 Staff Professional Development Day. 10 11 12 13 14 9 10 11 12 M No Students. Aug 24 Schools Open. Students Report. 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 Sept 7 Labor Day. Holiday. Schools Closed Sep 14 Midterm Week 24 25 26 27 28 22 23 24 25 26 Sep 21 –Oct 9 Fall Gifted Screening 31 Sep 28- Oct 9 INVIEW / Terra Nova (Elementary) Oct 14 PSAT (High Schools) Oct 16 End of First Quarter. Students Report. SEPTEMBER MARCH (39 Instructional Days, 44 Staff Days). M T W T F M T W T F Oct 21 – 27 3rd Grade Fall ELA. 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 Nov 2 Conference Comp Day –School Closed Nov 3 Election Day – Conference Day. 7 8 9 10 11 8 9 10 11 12 Q No Students. 14 M 15 16 17 18 15 16 17 18 19 Nov 9 Midterm Week 21 22 23 24 25 22 23 24 25 26 Nov 11 Veterans’ Day. Holiday Observance. Schools Closed. 28 29 30 29 30 31 Nov 25 Conference Day. No Students. Nov 26 Thanksgiving. Holiday Observance. OCTOBER APRIL Nov 27 Schools Closed. Dec 1 – 11 Fall HS End of Course M T W T F M T W T F Dec 14 -18 Semester 1 Exams (High Schools) 1 2 1 2 Dec 18 End of Second Quarter. -
Augustus Go to and Log in Using Your School’S Log in Details
Timelines – Augustus Go to www.worldbookonline.com and log in using your school’s log in details: Log-in ID: Password: Click on Advanced Type in Augustus in Search box Click the article titled Augustus Read the article and answer the questions below. 1. What date was Octavian (Augustus) born? ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. In which year did Octavian take the name Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus? ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Octavian defeated Mark Antony, who had taken control of Rome following Caesar’s death, in which year? ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. Octavian and Mark Antony formed a political alliance, known as the Second Triumvirate, with Markus Aemilius Lepidus (chief priest of Rome). In which year were Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, Caesar’s chief assassins, defeated at Philippi in Macedonia? ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. What year was another threat, Sextus Pompey (son of Pompey the Great), defeated by Antony and Octavian? ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. In what year did the Triumvirate disintegrate? ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. In what year did Mark Antony and Cleopatra (Queen of Egypt) become lovers? ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. In what year did Octavian go to war against -
Printable Celestial Navigation Work Forms
S T A R P A T H ® S c h o o l o f N a v i g a t i o n PRINTABLE CELESTIAL NAVIGATION WORK FORMS For detailed instructions and numerical examples, see the companion booklet listed below. FORM 104 — All bodies, using Pub 249 or Pub 229 FORM 106 — All Bodies, Using NAO Tables FORM 108 — All Bodies, Almanac, and NAO Tables FORM 109 — Solar Index Correction FORM 107 — Latitude at LAN FORM 110 — Latitude by Polaris FORM 117 — Lat, Lon at LAN plus Polaris FORM 111 — Pub 249, Vol. 1 Selected Stars Other Starpath publications on Celestial Navigation Celestial Navigation Starpath Celestial Navigation Work Forms Hawaii by Sextant How to Use Plastic Sextants The Star Finder Book GPS Backup with a Mark 3 Sextant Emergency Navigation Stark Tables for Clearing the Lunar Distance Long Term Almanac 2000 to 2050 Celestial Navigation Work Form Form 104, All Sights, Pub. 249 or Pub. 229 WT h m s date body Hs ° ´ WE DR log index corr. 1 +S -F Lat + off - on ZD DR HE DIP +W -E Lon ft - UTC h m s UTC date / LOP label Ha ° ´ GHA v Dec d HP ° ´ moon ° ´ + 2 hr. planets hr - moon GHA + d additional ° ´ + ´ altitude corr. m.s. corr. - moon, mars, venus 3 SHA + stars Dec Dec altitude corr. or ° ´ or ° ´ all sights v corr. moon, planets min GHA upper limb moon ° ´ tens d subtract 30’ d upper Ho units d ° ´ a-Lon ° ´ d lower -W+E dsd dsd T LHA corr. + Hc 00´ W / 60´ E ° d. -
The Mathematics of the Chinese, Indian, Islamic and Gregorian Calendars
Heavenly Mathematics: The Mathematics of the Chinese, Indian, Islamic and Gregorian Calendars Helmer Aslaksen Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore [email protected] www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/ www.chinesecalendar.net 1 Public Holidays There are 11 public holidays in Singapore. Three of them are secular. 1. New Year’s Day 2. Labour Day 3. National Day The remaining eight cultural, racial or reli- gious holidays consist of two Chinese, two Muslim, two Indian and two Christian. 2 Cultural, Racial or Religious Holidays 1. Chinese New Year and day after 2. Good Friday 3. Vesak Day 4. Deepavali 5. Christmas Day 6. Hari Raya Puasa 7. Hari Raya Haji Listed in order, except for the Muslim hol- idays, which can occur anytime during the year. Christmas Day falls on a fixed date, but all the others move. 3 A Quick Course in Astronomy The Earth revolves counterclockwise around the Sun in an elliptical orbit. The Earth ro- tates counterclockwise around an axis that is tilted 23.5 degrees. March equinox June December solstice solstice September equinox E E N S N S W W June equi Dec June equi Dec sol sol sol sol Beijing Singapore In the northern hemisphere, the day will be longest at the June solstice and shortest at the December solstice. At the two equinoxes day and night will be equally long. The equi- noxes and solstices are called the seasonal markers. 4 The Year The tropical year (or solar year) is the time from one March equinox to the next. The mean value is 365.2422 days. -
Ocean Data Standards
Manuals and Guides 54 Ocean Data Standards Volume 2 Recommendation to Adopt ISO 8601:2004 as the Standard for the Representation of Date and Time in Oceanographic Data Exchange UNESCO Manuals and Guides 54 Ocean Data Standards Volume 2 Recommendation to Adopt ISO 8601:2004 as the Standard for the Representation of Date and Time in Oceanographic Data Exchange UNESCO 2011 IOC Manuals and Guides, 54, Volume 2 Version 1 January 2011 For bibliographic purposes this document should be cited as follows: Paris. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO. 2011.Ocean Data Standards, Vol.2: Recommendation to adopt ISO 8601:2004 as the standard for the representation of dates and times in oceanographic data exchange.(IOC Manuals and Guides, 54, Vol. 2.) 17 pp. (English.)(IOC/2011/MG/54-2) © UNESCO 2011 Printed in France IOC Manuals and Guides No. 54 (2) Page (i) TABLE OF CONTENTS page 1. BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. DATE AND TIME FOR DATA EXCHANGE ......................................................................... 1 3. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601:2004 .............................................................. 1 4. DATE AND TIME REPRESENTATION................................................................................ 2 4.1 Date ................................................................................................................................................. 2 4.2 Time ............................................................................................................................................... -
Ovid, Fasti 1.63-294 (Translated By, and Adapted Notes From, A
Ovid, Fasti 1.63-294 (translated by, and adapted notes from, A. S. Kline) [Latin text; 8 CE] Book I: January 1: Kalends See how Janus1 appears first in my song To announce a happy year for you, Germanicus.2 Two-headed Janus, source of the silently gliding year, The only god who is able to see behind him, Be favourable to the leaders, whose labours win Peace for the fertile earth, peace for the seas: Be favourable to the senate and Roman people, And with a nod unbar the shining temples. A prosperous day dawns: favour our thoughts and speech! Let auspicious words be said on this auspicious day. Let our ears be free of lawsuits then, and banish Mad disputes now: you, malicious tongues, cease wagging! See how the air shines with fragrant fire, And Cilician3 grains crackle on lit hearths! The flame beats brightly on the temple’s gold, And spreads a flickering light on the shrine’s roof. Spotless garments make their way to Tarpeian Heights,4 And the crowd wear the colours of the festival: Now the new rods and axes lead, new purple glows, And the distinctive ivory chair feels fresh weight. Heifers that grazed the grass on Faliscan plains,5 Unbroken to the yoke, bow their necks to the axe. When Jupiter watches the whole world from his hill, Everything that he sees belongs to Rome. Hail, day of joy, and return forever, happier still, Worthy to be cherished by a race that rules the world. But two-formed Janus what god shall I say you are, Since Greece has no divinity to compare with you? Tell me the reason, too, why you alone of all the gods Look both at what’s behind you and what’s in front. -
The Evolution of the Roman Calendar Dwayne Meisner, University of Regina
The Evolution of the Roman Calendar Dwayne Meisner, University of Regina Abstract The Roman calendar was first developed as a lunar | 290 calendar, so it was difficult for the Romans to reconcile this with the natural solar year. In 45 BC, Julius Caesar reformed the calendar, creating a solar year of 365 days with leap years every four years. This article explains the process by which the Roman calendar evolved and argues that the reason February has 28 days is that Caesar did not want to interfere with religious festivals that occurred in February. Beginning as a lunar calendar, the Romans developed a lunisolar system that tried to reconcile lunar months with the solar year, with the unfortunate result that the calendar was often inaccurate by up to four months. Caesar fixed this by changing the lengths of most months, but made no change to February because of the tradition of intercalation, which the article explains, and because of festivals that were celebrated in February that were connected to the Roman New Year, which had originally been on March 1. Introduction The reason why February has 28 days in the modern calendar is that Caesar did not want to interfere with festivals that honored the dead, some of which were Past Imperfect 15 (2009) | © | ISSN 1711-053X | eISSN 1718-4487 connected to the position of the Roman New Year. In the earliest calendars of the Roman Republic, the year began on March 1, because the consuls, after whom the year was named, began their years in office on the Ides of March. -
Islamic Calendar from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Islamic calendar From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia -at اﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ اﻟﻬﺠﺮي :The Islamic, Muslim, or Hijri calendar (Arabic taqwīm al-hijrī) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used (often alongside the Gregorian calendar) to date events in many Muslim countries. It is also used by Muslims to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the annual period of fasting and the proper time for the pilgrimage to Mecca. The Islamic calendar employs the Hijri era whose epoch was Islamic Calendar stamp issued at King retrospectively established as the Islamic New Year of AD 622. During Khaled airport (10 Rajab 1428 / 24 July that year, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to 2007) Yathrib (now Medina) and established the first Muslim community (ummah), an event commemorated as the Hijra. In the West, dates in this era are usually denoted AH (Latin: Anno Hegirae, "in the year of the Hijra") in parallel with the Christian (AD) and Jewish eras (AM). In Muslim countries, it is also sometimes denoted as H[1] from its Arabic form ( [In English, years prior to the Hijra are reckoned as BH ("Before the Hijra").[2 .(ﻫـ abbreviated , َﺳﻨﺔ ﻫِ ْﺠﺮﻳّﺔ The current Islamic year is 1438 AH. In the Gregorian calendar, 1438 AH runs from approximately 3 October 2016 to 21 September 2017.[3] Contents 1 Months 1.1 Length of months 2 Days of the week 3 History 3.1 Pre-Islamic calendar 3.2 Prohibiting Nasī’ 4 Year numbering 5 Astronomical considerations 6 Theological considerations 7 Astronomical -
The Cultural Creation of Fulvia Flacca Bambula
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2017 The cultural creation of Fulvia Flacca Bambula. Erin Leigh Wotring University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the European History Commons, History of Gender Commons, Intellectual History Commons, Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Recommended Citation Wotring, Erin Leigh, "The cultural creation of Fulvia Flacca Bambula." (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2691. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2691 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE CULTURAL CREATION OF FULVIA FLACCA BAMBULA By Erin Leigh Wotring A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts in History Department of History University of Louisville Louisville, KY May, 2017 Copyright 2017 by Erin Leigh Wotring All rights reserved THE CULTURAL CREATION OF FULVIA FLACCA BAMBULA By Erin Leigh Wotring A Thesis Approved on April 14, 2017 by the following Thesis Committee: Dr. Jennifer Westerfeld, Director Dr. Blake Beattie Dr. Carmen Hardin ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. -
2020 Report of the 2019 Committee to Review the Academic Calendar
Report of the 2019 Committee to Review the Academic Calendar Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 5 The Committee ................................................................................................................................... 5 The work of the Committee ................................................................................................................ 5 History of the academic calendar at UChicago .................................................................................... 7 The 2019 landscape ............................................................................................................................ 8 Table 1: Comparison of doctoral student populations, AY97 and AY18........................................................... 9 Table 2. Comparison of faculty at the ranks of Assistant, Associate, and Professor, AY97 and AY18 ................ 9 Stakeholders and Findings........................................................................................................ 10 Excursus 1. Student mental health ................................................................................................... 13 Excursus 2: Leaves-of-absence .........................................................................................................