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The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Table of Contents
Volume 71
Number 7 JO table of contents July 2019 JOM: THE MAGAZINE
2139: In the Final Analysis: James J. Robinson 2156: What’s the T, Cis? Discussing Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation: 2140: TMS Members News: Materials ExplorersTM Matthew Korey Offers New Content; TMS in Washington; Three TMS Members Serve ABET 2158: The Elephant in the Room: Where is the Empathy in Science?: Jennifer L.W. Carter 2143: In Case You Missed It: Business News and Laura S. Bruckman from the Field 2160: Promoting Positive Outcomes in K–12 2144: JOM 2020 Editorial Calendar: More Outreach through Design: Options for Authors and Readers: Jessica Krogstad, Kaitlin Tyler, Maureen Byko and Justin Scott Nicole Johnson-Glauch, and Leon Dean 2146: TMS Presents the 2020 Board of Directors 2163: TMS Welcomes New Members Nominees: Kelly Zappas 2176: TMS Meeting Headlines 2151: Perspectives on Diversity: Megan J. Cordill 2177: JOM Call for Papers 2152: Mitigating Implicit Bias as a Leader: Blythe G. Clark and Olivia D. Underwood
JOM: THE JOURNAL Second Phase Particles in Magnesium Alloys: Engineering for Properties and Performance 2178: Enhanced Mechanical Properties of 2194: Comparative Study on Microstructure ECAPed Mg-9Al-1Si Alloy by a Two-Stage and Mechanical Properties of Mg-3Nd-3Al Pretreatment: Zengyao Zhang, and Mg-3Nd-0.5Zr Alloys Under Different Hongxia Wang, Zhiwen Wang, Hang Li, Heat Treatment Conditions: Ziyan Li, Liuwei Zheng, and Weili Cheng Lei Wang, Yicheng Feng, Erjun Guo, Liping Wang, Yuanke Fu, Sicong Zhao, 2187: Effect of Double Aging on Precipitation and Guojian Cao Kinetics, Microstructure and Tensile Properties of as-ECAPed Mg-8Sn-6Zn-2Al 2202: Dynamic Precipitation Behavior of a Alloy: Wei-li Cheng, Chen Guo, Yang Bai, Mg-Zn-Ca-La Alloy During Deformation: Xiao-feng Niu, Hong-xia Wang, and Li-fei Wang Yuzhou Du, Yanfeng Ge, and Bailing Jiang Table of Contents
2209: Dissolution Kinetics of Mg17Al12 Eutectic 2235: Al8Mn5 Particle Settling and Interactions Phase and Its Effect on Corrosion with Oxide Films in Liquid AZ91 Behavior of As-Cast AZ80 Magnesium Magnesium Alloys: L. Peng, G. Zeng, Alloy: Kondababu Kadali, Dhananjay Dubey, T.C. Su, H. Yasuda, K. Nogita, and R. Sarvesha, Harikrishna Kancharla, C.M. Gourlay Jayant Jain, Kallol Mondal, and 2245: Influences of AlN/Al Nanoparticles on the Sudhanshu S. Singh Creep Properties of Elektron21 Prepared 2219: Alloy Design and Processing Design of by High Shear Dispersion Technology: Magnesium Alloys Using 2nd Phases: Hong Yang, Yuanding Huang, Sarkis Gavras, R.F. Decker, T.D. Berman, V.M. Miller, Karl Ulrich Kainer, Norbert Hort, and J.W. Jones, T.M. Pollock, and S.E. LeBeau Hajo Dieringa 2227: The Role of Second-Phases on the Creep Behavior of As-Cast and Hot-Extruded Mg-Ca-Zr Alloys: S. You, Y. Huang, H. Dieringa, E. Maawad, W. Gan, K.U. Kainer, and N. Hort
Composition-Processing-Microstructure-Property Relationships of Titanium Alloys: Part I 2253: Dynamic Recrystallization-Related 2291: Characterization of the Interfacial Interface Phase Boundary Migration of Structure of Coarse a Precipitates in a TC17/TC4 Bond with Initial Equiaxed Metastable b-Ti Alloy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr: Microstructure: Lixing Sun, Miaoquan Li, Yufeng Zheng, William A.T. Clark, and Hong Li and Hamish L. Fraser 2262: Interface Analysis of Spark Plasma 2296: Magnetic-Field-Induced Partial-to-Full Sintered Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Penetration Evolution and Its Mechanism Ti6Al4V: A.O. Adegbenjo, P.A. Olubambi, During Laser Welding: Jiajun Xu, J.E. Westraadt, M. Lesufi, and Youmin Rong, and Yu Huang M.R. Mphahlele 2303: Evolution and Distribution of 2272: Influence of the Tungsten Content on the Geometrically Necessary Dislocations for Elastic Modulus of New Ti-15Mo-W TA15 Titanium Alloy Sheets During the Alloys Intended for Medical Hot Tensile Process: Jie Zhao, Applications: Mihai Buzatu, Victor Geantă, Kehuan Wang, Liangxing Lv, and Gang Liu Radu Ştefănoiu, Mihai But¸u, Mircea-Ionut¸ Petrescu, Mihai Buzatu, 2313: Correlation Between Heat-Treated Valeriu-Gabriel Ghica, Florentina Niculescu, Microstructure and Mechanical and and Gheorghe Iacob Fretting Wear Behavior of Electron Beam Freeform-Fabricated Ti6Al4V Alloy: 2280: Tension–Compression Asymmetry of Xuewei Tao, Zhengjun Yao, Shasha Zhang, Commercially Pure Titanium: Strain Rate Zhong Li, and Yi Xu Sensitivity and Microstructure Evolution: Jiahui Tao, Boqin Gu, Lili Chen, 2321: Composition-Dependent Microstructure- and Jianfeng Zhou Property Relationships of Fe and Al Modified Ti-12Cr(wt.%): J. Ballor, M. Ikeda, E.J. Kautz, C.J. Boehlert, and A. Devaraj Table of Contents
Urban Mining: Characterization and Recycling of Solid Wastes: Part I 2331: Effect of FeO on Spinel Crystallization 2353: Effects of Temperature on Relaxation and Chromium Stability in Stainless Time and Electrical Conductivity of Steel-Making Slag: Qiang Zeng, Jianli Li, Spent Automobile Catalyst at Microwave Qiqiang Mou, Hangyu Zhu, Frequencies: Guangjun He, Wenwen Qu, and Zhengliang Xue Shaohua Ju, Chenhui Liu, Peng Liu, Shixing Wang, and Libo Zhang 2338: Use of Waste Polyethylene as a Source of Reducing Agent for Metal Oxide 2360: Copper Extraction from Flue Dust of Reduction: A Case Study on NiO: Electronic Waste by Electrowinning and M. Cumbul Altay and S. Eroglu Ion Exchange Process: Hyunju Lee, Mooki Bae, Eunkyung Lee, Brajendra Mishra 2345: Microwave Exposure of Discarded Hard Disc Drive Magnets for Recovery of Rare 2368: Spent Lead-Acid Battery Recycling via Earth Values: Himanshu Tanvar, Reductive Sulfur-Fixing Smelting and Its Sonu Kumar, and Nikhil Dhawan Reaction Mechanism in the PbSO4-Fe3O4- Na2CO3-C System: Yun Li, Shenghai Yang, Pekka Taskinen, Jing He, Yongming Chen, Chaobo Tang, Yuejun Wang, and Ari Jokilaakso
Technical Articles 2380: Research on the Large Plastic 2420: Progress in Application of Energy- Deformation Damage and Shock Saving Measures in Aluminum Resistance of 7055 Aluminum Alloy: Reduction Cells: Wei Liu, Dongfang Zhou, Ping Zhang, Youqiang Wang, Heng Luo, and Zhibin Zhao Shenwen Long, and Cong Wei 2430: Benchmark for Tap-Hole Lifecycle 2388: Leaching Behavior of Lead and Silver Management Practices in from Lead Sulfate Hazardous Residues in Silicomanganese Production When NaCl-CaCl2-NaClO3 Media: Yuhui Zhang, Submerged Arc Furnace Technology of Bingjie Jin, Qinghe Song, Buming Chen, Circular Design is Applied: and Chengyan Wang Joalet Dalene Steenkamp, Derek Alan Hayman, and 2396: Facile and Scalable Synthesis of Ultrafine Pieter Johannes Andries Bezuidenhout MnCo2O4 Nanoparticles Via Mechanical Alloying as Supercapacitive Materials: 2435: Design and Development of Shielded Reza Ghaffari Adli, Abbas Kianvash, Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Electrode
Mir Ghasem Hosseini, Abdollah Hajalilou, Coatings Using a CaO-CaF2-SiO2 and and Ebrahim Abouzari-Lotf CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Flux System: Sumit Mahajan and Rahul Chhibber 2405: Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Molybdenum 2445: Influence of Metal Additives on and Niobium Microalloyed Microstructure and Properties of Thermomechanically Rolled High- Amorphous Metal–SiOC Composites: Strength Press Hardening Steel: Kaisheng Ming, Qing Su, Chao Gu, Jaakko Hannula, David A. Porter, Dongyue Xie, Yongqiang Wang, Antti Kaijalainen, and Jukka Kömi Michael Nastasi, and Jian Wang 2413: Selective Separation and Recovery of Valuable Metals by Vacuum Distillation of Copper Anode Slime Flotation Tailings: Guozheng Zha, Bin Yang, Chongfang Yang, Xinyu Guo, and Wenlong Jiang I’VE SPECIALIZED FOR 39 YEARS
in the placement of Metallurgical, Materials, and Welding Engineers in the areas of R&D, Q.C. Production, Sales & 2014 JANUARY Marketing, nationwide. My background as a jom.tms.org Met. Eng. can help you! Salaries to $190K. J An official publication of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Materials & Metals Minerals, The of publication O official An Fees paid by Company. Michael Heineman, Meta-Find, Inc. Phone: (212) 867-8100 Characterization E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.meta-findny.com Analysis and
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JAn official Opublication of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society CALL FOR REVIEWERS Environment and Recycling www.tms.org/JOMReviewer
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jom.tms.org Why JOM? JAn official Opublication of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society JOM (ISSN 1047-4838) reports scholarly work from the spectrum of materials science and High-Entropy Alloys engineering, from groundbreaking laboratory discoveries, to emerging development and design techniques, to state-of-the-art processing, fabrication, and applications of metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and other materials. This journal is published monthly in partnership with Springer and benefits from Springer’s extensive distribution channels both LOOKING BACK: A Year of Fresh Starts and Steady Progress online and in print. As a reviewer, you can help to keep the quality of the journal’s technical DECEMBER 2017
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WHERE INNOVATION AND TRADITION MEET: Get Ready for TMS2018
: The Woman, the Scientist, the Award the Scientist, the Woman, The : RICHARDS SWALLOW ELLEN Table of Contents
About the Cover Hard disk drives contain neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets—a valuable source of rare earth JO elements (REEs). Thus, magnets from end-of-life 5700 Corporate Drive consumer instruments should be considered as a Suite 750 potential source of REEs. Until now, however, there Pittsburgh, PA 15237 have been no commercial efforts to recover REEs from USA end-of-life products, especially from NdFeB magnets Phone: 1-724-776-9000 of hard disk drives. Read about an REE recovery Web: jom.tms.org method in “Microwave Exposure of Discarded Hard Disc E-Mail: [email protected] Drive Magnets for Recovery of Rare Earth Values” by Himanshu Tanvar, Sonu Kumar, and Nikhil Dhawan. Publisher for TMS James J. Robinson, Executive Director Operations Management Matt Baker, Content Senior Manager JOM: The Journal July 2019 Guest Editors Justin Scott, Second Phase Particles in Magnesium Alloys: Principal Editor Urban Mining: Characterization and Recycling (TMS Technical Project Leader) Engineering for Properties and Performance of Solid Wastes: Part I Magnesium Committee Materials Characterization Committee and Maureen Byko, Victoria Miller, University of Florida Editor Recycling and Environmental Technologies Petra Maier, Stralsund University of Applied Sciences Committee Shirley A. Litzinger, Mingming Zhang, ArcelorMittal Global R&D Production Editor Composition-Processing-Microstructure- Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University Edward D. Herderick, Property Relationships of Titanium Alloys: Part I Industrial Editor Titanium Committee Ben Morrow, Los Alamos National Laboratory JOM: The Magazine Lynne Robinson, Carl Boehlert, Michigan State University Head of Strategic Kayla L. Calvert, TIMET - HTL Communications & Outreach Yufeng Zheng, Ohio State University Kaitlin Calva, Peter Collins, Iowa State University Magazine Managing Editor About JOM: Cheryl M. Geier, Senior Graphic Designer The scope of JOM (ISSN 1047-4838) encompasses publicizing news about TMS and its members and stakeholder communities while publishing meaningful peer-reviewed materials science and engineering content. Contributing Writers That content includes groundbreaking laboratory discoveries, the effective transition of science into technology, Ashley-Anne Bohnert, Outreach & External innovative industrial and manufacturing developments, resource and supply chain issues, improvement and Communications Lead innovation in processing and fabrication, and life-cycle and sustainability practices. In fulfilling this scope,JOM strives to balance the interests of the laboratory and the marketplace by reporting academic, industrial, and Owen Daly, government-sponsored work from around the world. Technical Communications Specialist About TMS: Kelly Zappas, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) is a professional organization that encompasses the entire range Membership News & of materials and engineering, from minerals processing and primary metals production to basic research and the Communications Lead advanced applications of materials. Graphics Support Publishing Information: David Rasel, JOM is an official publication of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and is owned by the Society. Media Manager TMS has granted Springer the exclusive right and license to produce, publish, archive, translate, and sell JOM Bob Demmler, Graphic Designer throughout the world. Publication Frequency: 12 issues per year. Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY, 10013-1578, USA Advertising Contact [email protected] JOM articles from 1949 to the present are archived at http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11837. for information. Secure Copyright Permission: Submit permission requests at http://www.springer.com/rights?SGWID=0-122-12-372399-0 Postmaster: Send address changes to: JOM, Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offices. Table of Contents
JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03558-w Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society LQWKHÀQDODQDO\VLV JO Volume 71 ³,ILW¶V\RXUMREWRHDWDIURJLW¶VEHVWWRGRLW¿UVWWKLQJLQWKHPRUQLQJ $QGLILW¶V\RXUMREWRHDWWZRIURJVLW¶VEHVWWRHDWWKHELJJHVWRQH¿UVW´ Number 7 —Mark Twain (attributed) July 2019
I love my job. It is full of opportunities to think and act strategically, to collaborate with brilliant professionals, to mentor some people and be mentored by others, and to make meaningful decisions. Plus, I get paid for something that I’d (almost) do for free. Best of all, I don’t have to eat any frogs—literally or metaphorically. Alas, one thing that is not absent from the job is stress. There are challenging deadlines, brow-furrowing dilemmas, perplexing questions in need of sensible answers, and an endless must-do list. Such is the challenging and captivating lifestyle of an executive director. Interestingly, I don’t see executive director anywhere on a list of “33 high-paying jobs for people who don’t like stress” as enumerated by Business Insider’s Andy Kiersz. Mr. Kiersz created his ranking by pairing a stress-tolerance metric from the U.S. Department of Labor’s occupational database with average annual salaries as compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Job stress is measured on a scale of 0-100; the higher the number, the greater the job stress. “Low stress” is 69 or less. High compensation is at least $75,000 per year. In reviewing the results, I see TMS members represented in 8 of the 33 low-stress, high-paying James J. Robinson occupations, including the top and the bottom entries on the list. The pertinent rankings: Executive Director 33. Environmental Scientists and Specialists (69 | $76,220) 30. Environmental Engineer (69 | $91,180) 20. Postsecondary Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers (66 | $98,560) “Does this mean 16. Geoscientists (63 | $105,830) 10. Materials Engineers (61 | $98,610) that TMS members 7. Chemical Engineers (61 | $112,430) are all living large 6. Physicists (61 | $123,080) 1. Materials Scientists (53 | $101,910) on Easy Street?” Does this mean that TMS members are all living large on Easy Street? I suspect not. As context is everything, I clicked over to the Department of Labor’s website to learn the stress rankings of some other occupations. Similar to materials engineers, here are a few occupations that also have stress scores of 61: solar photovoltaic installers, software GHYHORSHUVSROLWLFDOVFLHQWLVWVDQGVHFXULW\JXDUGV$VIRUPDWHULDOVVFLHQWLVWVZH¿QGWKH following occupations having the same stress score of 53: computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, electromechanical equipment assemblers, environmental UHVWRUDWLRQSODQQHUVDQGÀRRUVDQGHUVDQG¿QLVKHUV Let’s also look to the extremes: Only one position is rated at the maximum stress level of 100: Urologist. The site does not explain why, so I browsed to the publication Trends in Urology & Men’s Health and the article “Stress and Burnout—Why are Urologists So Stressed?” by Ben Challacombe. He conjectures that the stress is because “urologists are getting busier and busier as the population ages and people become more demanding and less tolerant of benign conditions.” The upside? Urologists have an average annual income of $200,890. Meanwhile, the occupation at the opposite end of the scale with a relatively stress- free score of 24 is . . . model. The catch? Models have an average annual salary of $23,770. So, is there a meaning to all of this? Yes, I think: Recall the aphorism, “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.” My theory? TMS members JHQHUDOO\¿QGWKHLUZRUNVWUHVVHVDORWOHVVDFXWHO\EHFDXVHWKH\ORYHWKHLUMREV2QH additional bonus: No one has to eat a frog. 2139 Table of Contents
JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03559-9 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Materials ExplorersTM Offers New Content; JO TMS in Washington; Three TMS Members themagazine Serve ABET New Materials Explorers™ Topic Area Added The “Materials That Move Us” curriculum, which includes class activities and questions for all four modules plus membermember newsnews the capstone project and additional online Share the good news resources, is available for free download Materials Explorers™, TMS’s under the Students section of the Materials about your professional educational outreach initiative for high Explorers™ website at www.materials- accomplishments! school students, launched a new topic explorers.org. ™ Contact Kaitlin Calva, area, “Materials That Move Us,” in March. The Materials Explorers program, Developed with support from Arconic launched in 2018, initially included eight JOM Magazine Foundation, the “Materials That Move distinct popular culture topic areas ranging Managing Editor, Us” collection uses examples from the from smartphones to superheroes, each transportation industry to explain science, with class activities for teachers, parents, at [email protected]. technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and students. Another main component Please note that only concepts, including: Data Collection of the program is the volunteer structure, and Graphing; Measurement and Scale; which brings TMS members into their news submitted by Chemical and Physical Properties; and local high schools to serve as real-life role current TMS members States of Matter. The update also includes models. “Materials Explorers™ presents will be considered. a capstone project that encourages students STEM role models to students, especially to apply knowledge learned hrough the those in underrepresented groups, who program to conceptualize and design their may have never considered a career in very own product. STEM,” added James Robinson, TMS “Programs such as Materials Explorers™ Executive Director. “This not only helps generate a real interest in STEM among secure the future of the broad mateirals young people,” noted Suzanne van VFLHQFHDQGHQJLQHHULQJ¿HOGEXW de Raadt, Vice President of Global strengthens it by the inclusion of diverse Communications and Partnerships at perspectives and experiences.” Arconic Foundation. “Students can picture If you are interested in bringing themselves as a scientist or engineer, and materials science and engineering to know that no career is barred to them. life for high school students in your Arconic Foundation is happy to support local area, visit the Volunteers page at a program that helps realize its mission www.materials-explorers.org for more of preparing tomorrow’s workforce for information, or contact TMS staff at successful, rewarding careers.” [email protected]. TMS Visits Congressional Leaders TMS President James C. Foley traveled the visit, Foley discussed legislative to Washington, D.C., on April 9 and priorities that can impact the work of TMS 10, 2019, to represent TMS in meetings PHPEHUVVSHFL¿FDOO\IRFXVLQJRQWRSLFV with staff members of Congressional such as the Materials Genome Initiative, leaders and committees, including advanced manufacturing, metamorphic representatives of the Research & PDQXIDFWXULQJWKH6FLHQWL¿F,QWHJULW\$FW Technology Subcommittee and the Energy of 2019, and U.S. Department of Energy Subcommittee of the U.S. House of 2I¿FHRI6FLHQFHSULRULWLHV Representatives Committee on Science, Foley began his week in Washington Space, and Technology, as well as the by attending the National Academy of House Manufacturing Caucus. During Engineering Convocation of Professional 2140 Table of Contents
Materials Explorers™ Offers New Content; TMS in Washington; Three TMS Members Serve ABET 2141
Engineering Societies, which prepared representatives from a number of materials societies for their visits with government leaders, and the 16th Annual Engineering Public Policy Symposium. “I was honored to represent TMS as one of the many societies in Washington, D.C., to impress upon our representatives how important science and engineering is to the well-being of our country,” said Foley. “After the visit, I am even more sure that TMS is on the correct path with the Society’s Strategic Plan.” (Learn more about TMS Aspires, the new TMS Strategic Plan, at www.tms.org/TMSAspires, or by reading the Advancement of Science (AAAS); The 2019 Material the March 2019 JOM article, “New Kei Koizumi, AAAS; and Michele Advantage Congressional Strategic Plan Reveals TMS Aspirations.”) Visits Day gave 38 students Bustamante, the 2018/2019 TMS/MRS and faculty the opportunity Just days before Foley’s visit, 38 Congressional Science & Engineering to meet with their local students and faculty members from 10 Fellow. Students were then provided legislators in Washington, universities participated in the Material with a chance to role-play in advance of D.C., in April. Advantage (MA) Congressional Visits their appointments with legislators and Day (CVD) on April 1 and 2, 2019. The congressional staff on the following day. CVD is an annual event that gives students David Bahr, Purdue University and an opportunity to visit Washington, D.C., past TMS Board of Directors member, to educate Congressional decision makers and Iver Anderson, Ames Laboratory, about the importance of funding for basic Iowa State University, and TMS Fellow, science, engineering, and technology. helped coordinate the CVD, as they The 2019 CVD experience began have for a number of years, and also with a reception that featured talks by: conducted training on how to visit with David Parkes, American Association for legislators.
TMS Members Begin New Roles with ABET This year, three TMS members will served ABET as a long-time program move into top leadership positions for evaluator (PEV), EAC Executive ABET, the organization that accredits Committee member, EAC vice chair college and university programs in the operations, and facilitator for PEV Face-to- Jeffrey W. Fergus disciplines of applied and natural science, Face Training, where he helps in preparing computing, engineering, and engineering volunteers for accreditation activities. technology at the associate, bachelor’s, and Fergus has also shared his expertise master’s degree levels. in his 30-year membership with TMS as In July, Jeffrey W. Fergus, associate a past Board Director for Professional dean for program assessment and graduate 'HYHORSPHQWWKH¿UVWFKDLURIWKH studies and professor of materials Professional Development Committee, engineering at Auburn University, will and past chair and long-time member begin a one-year term as the chair of of the Accreditation and Professional ABET’s Engineering Accreditation Registration Committees. Commission (EAC). The EAC is one of In November, two additional TMS four ABET Accreditation Commissions members will begin new positions on responsible for reviewing educational the ABET Board of Directors. Gillian programs as well as making accreditation Bond, professor emerita of materials and Gillian Bond (Photo decisions on each program. He has also metallurgical engineering at New Mexico courtesy of ABET.) Table of Contents
2142 Materials Explorers™ Offers New Content; TMS in Washington; Three TMS Members Serve ABET
Institute of Mining and Technology and appointment as secretary, Thomas Bieler, TMS member since 1984, will become professor at Michigan State University, the 2019–2020 ABET Secretary. Within will become TMS’s representative to ABET, Bond is a current member of the the ABET Board of Delegates. Bieler is Global Council and has been a member a PEV, past chair of the Accreditation of the EAC, EAC Executive Committee, Committee, and 2019 TMS Fellow. and EAC Training Committee; a support Dianne Chong, retired vice president, facilitator for ABET’s Program Evaluator Boeing Research & Technology, will Candidate Training; and a participant in become the 2019–2020 ABET President- EAC Readiness Reviews. Through TMS, Elect. In 2017, she was elected to both Bond has been a PEV, is a past chair of the National Academy of Engineering the TMS Accreditation Committee, and and the Washington State Academy of has represented TMS on the ABET Board Science. Chong has been a TMS member Dianne Chong (Photo courtesy of ABET.) of Delegates. When Bond begins her since 1986.
Ramana Reddy Receives SEC Honors TMS member Ramana Reddy, ACIPO In addition to serving on a variety of endowed professor of metallurgy at the committees as a TMS member, Reddy University of Alabama (UA), was awarded has received several awards from the a 2019 Southeastern Conference (SEC) Society. In 2002, he gave a presentation Faculty Achievement Awards in March. at the TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition The awards program honors one educator as the Extraction & Processing Division from each of the 14 SEC universities (EPD) Distinguished Lecturer. He later annually, choosing individuals who have received the EPD Science Award and “excelled in teaching—particularly at EPD Distinguished Service Award, the undergraduate level—and research.” both in 2009; the Alexander Scott Reddy has also been head of the Distinguished Service Award in 2012; Ramana Reddy Department of Metallurgical and Materials DQGZDVWKH¿UVWUHFLSLHQWRIWKHUHQDPHG Engineering and associate director for the Julia and Johannes Weertman Educator Center for Green Manufacturing at UA. Award in 2017.
In Memory of John Dutrizac TMS extends its condolences to the family, colleagues, and friends of John E. Dutrizac, who passed away on April 1, 2019, at the age of 78. A longtime member of TMS, Dutrizac received his B.A.Sc. in metallurgical engineering in 1963 and Ph.D. in 1967 from the University of Toronto. After he graduated, Dutrizac briefly worked at Noranda Technology Centre before joining CANMET in 1968, where he worked as a research scientist studying hydrometallurgical problems until his retirement in 2008. Throughout his career, Dutrizac received many awards and honors, including the 1992 TMS Extraction & Processing Division (EPD) Science Award and the 1998 James Douglas Gold Medal Award from the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME). Most notably, he served as the John Dutrizac 1983–1984 President of the Metallurgy and Materials Society (MetSoc) of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum (CIM), and is known as the “father” of the Copper-Cobre conference series, of which TMS is a co- sponsor. Table of Contents
JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03560-2 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society In Case You Missed It: J Business News from the Field O Tesla Predicts Shortage of EV of gaseous nitrogen to the facility, with themagazine Battery Minerals the applications of cooling and purging Washington, D.C., USA: manufacturing systems. Representatives of electric vehicle (EV) producer Tesla Inc. recently addressed Toyota Announces Plans to a conference of miners, regulators, and Produce Crossover Vehicle lawmakers on EV battery minerals. Cambridge, Ontario, Canada: Do you have business Tesla’s global supply manager, Sarah Automaker Toyota Motor Corp. has or industry news of Maryssael, explained that EV battery announced plans to begin producing minerals like copper, cobalt, nickel, their Lexus NX crossover vehicle interest to the minerals, and lithium could soon be in shortage at their Cambridge plant. The plant, metals, and materials across the globe. Maryssael noted that which currently produces the Lexus RX Tesla will continue its increased focus SUV and Toyota Corolla, will receive community? Submit on nickel as a part of CEO Elon Musk’s hundreds of millions of dollars in your announcement plan to reduce cobalt usage in batteries, investment to enable production of the as some cobalt extraction techniques rely Lexus NX. Both gasoline and hybrid or press release to on controversial practices such as child versions of the vehicle will be produced Kaitlin Calva, labor. in the plant, with early 2022 as the target for beginning production. JOM Magazine Linde Starts New Air Separation Plant Itaconix Receives Order for Managing Editor, at Guildford, United Kingdom: Linde Bio-Based Detergent Polymer [email protected] for PLC, an industrial gas company, has London, United Kingdom: Specialty launched a new air separation plant to polymer manufacturer Itaconix PLC consideration. support Samsung’s operations at their has reached a major milestone with the display complex. This is the fourth such ¿UVW(XURSHDQRUGHUIRULWVELREDVHG facility that Linde has launched at this detergent polymer. While neither the complex. The air separation plant is FXVWRPHUQRU¿QDQFLDOGHWDLOVZHUH expected to supply 700 tonnes per day given at press time, the deal could mark a move away from phosphates for the industry. As phosphates are being phased out due to environmental concerns, companies are looking for more environmentally friendly alternatives IRUWKHLUGHWHUJHQWV,WDFRQL[¶VELREDVHG polymers are derived from itaconic acid, DQRQWR[LFRUJDQLFDFLG
Detroit Secures Land for Fiat Chrysler Plant Detroit, Michigan, USA: The city of 'HWURLWKDVRI¿FLDOO\DFTXLUHGRI the 215 acres required for Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV to build a new auto DVVHPEO\SODQWWKH¿UVWLQQHDUO\WKUHH Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: Congolese Director General decades for Detroit. The plant, which Ahmed Kalej Nkand announced in a statement that all mining subcontractors ZLOOEXLOGQHZWKUHHURZDQGHOHFWULF must comply with new regulations in order to perform subcontracting vehicle versions of the Jeep Grand activities, including stipulations that subcontractors must be majority-owned by Congolese nationals. A regulatory body, known as the ARSP, will be Cherokee, is part of a larger investment responsible for identifying subcontractors and inspecting their ownership plan that could create 6,500 Fiat status before granting licenses. (Photo courtesy of Bloomberg.) Chrysler jobs in the Detroit area. 2143 Table of Contents
JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03561-1 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society JOM 2020 EDITORIAL CALENDAR: More Options for Authors and Readers
Maureen Byko and Justin Scott
The data is indisputable: more authors The new calendar features nearly 50 than ever are choosing JOM as their special topics to be published in 2020 destination for publishing their work. and beyond. In keeping with JOM’s JOM announces its 2020 editorial mission, this publishing plan represents calendar at a time of strong growth in the diverse interests of TMS’s committees. submissions. The numbers have been In fact, in the next volume year, each of climbing for several years and 2019 is TMS’s 34 committees—from Aluminum on track to receive double the number of WR6ROLGL¿FDWLRQWR7KLQ)LOPVDQG manuscripts for the volume year compared Interfaces—are represented as either a to 2017 (see Figure 1). sponsor or co-sponsor of a special topic. At the same time, author interest in The full editorial calendar, along with citing JOM publications continues to information on upcoming deadlines and rise, as illustrated by a steadily increasing how to submit a manuscript, is available at Maureen Byko Impact Factor in recent years. At press www.tms.org/EditorialCalendar. To help time for this issue, JOM’s Impact Factor DXWKRUV¿QGDSSURSULDWHWRSLFVDQGHDVH was 2.145, a record high that attests to the the submission process, the website has hard work of the JOM advisors and guest been improved with input from authors, editors in recent years. guest editors, and advisors prior to its Based on plans for 2020, these positive recent debut in time for the JOM 2020 trends are likely to continue. Quality calendar. Authors can search the newly content representing a broad spectrum updated website by keyword, topic editor, of minerals, metals and materials topics publication deadline, and more. Each is again expected to be a hallmark of the special topic’s web page even has an upcoming volume year. option to save the topic deadline to one’s
1,200 JOM Articles Submitted Per Volume Year 970 Justin Scott 1,000
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JOM 2020 EDITORIAL CALENDAR: More Options for Authors and Readers 2145
Figure 2. As displayed in this screenshot of a topic details page from the new JOM Editorial Calendar, the website includes new features that facilitate sharing the topic and setting reminders for topic deadlines. View the full calendar at www.tms.org/ EditorialCalendar. calendar so that you don’t forget to submit • Aluminum and Magnesium: Casting a manuscript (Figure 2). 7HFKQRORJ\DQG6ROLGL¿FDWLRQ • Emerging Mechanisms for Enhanced Coverage Highlights Plasticity in Magnesium Several committees and advisors have • Graphene-based Composite Materials once again elected to feature papers and Applications on recent progress related to additive • Quantum Materials for Energy- manufacturing. In the upcoming year, (I¿FLHQW&RPSXWLQJ original research papers and reviews are Many topics also welcome submissions being solicited in the following areas: focused on modeling and simulation, • Additive Manufacturing: Beyond the including: Beam Technology • Advances in Surface Engineering • Additive Manufacturing: Validation • Augmenting Physics-based Models and Control in ICME with Machine Learning and • Advanced Processing and Additive 8QFHUWDLQW\4XDQWL¿FDWLRQ Manufacturing of Functional • Metal and Polymer Matrix Magnetic Materials Composites • Characterization of Additive • Thermodynamic Modeling of Manufactured Materials Sustainable Non-Ferrous Metals • ICME-Based Design and Production Optimization of Materials for For submission deadlines on Additive Manufacturing these and other topics, visit the full • In Situ Synchrotron and Neutron editorial calendar at www.tms.org/ Characterization of Additively EditorialCalendar. Manuscripts should Manufactured Alloys be prepared according to the author • Solid Freeform Fabrication 2019 instructions and can be uploaded to the Justin Scott In addition, thorough coverage is Editorial Manager website at is the JOM planned for new developments and www.editorialmanager.com/JOMJ. Principal innovations across many established and Any questions about publishing papers, Editor. emerging materials, including: developing special topics, or getting Maureen Byko JO • Advancing Development and involved in JOM can be directed to is the JOM themagazine Application of Superalloys [email protected]. Editor. Table of Contents
JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03562-0 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society TMS Presents the 2020 Board of Directors Nominees
Kelly Zappas
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Ohodnicki Jr. SXEOLFDWLRQVDQGKROGVPRUHWKDQSDWHQWVZLWK National Energy DGGLWLRQDOSDWHQWVXQGHUUHYLHZ+HDOVRLVWKHUHFLSLHQW RIDQXPEHURIDZDUGVDQGUHFRJQLWLRQVLQFOXGLQJWKH Technology Laboratory )HGHUDO(PSOR\HH5RRNLHRIWKH 2150 Zappas Get Involved in TMS Behind every TMS meeting, publication, and initiative is a team of dedicated volunteers. TMSS members have access to a broad range of volunteer opportunities to share their technical expertise, shape the future of materials science and engineering, and impactpaacct the wider world. Visit www.tms.org/g/ Volunteer to find out more about how you can get involved. 2019 TMS Board of Directors The current members of the TMS Board of Directors, installed at the conclusion of the TMS 2019 Annual Meeting & Exhibition in March, are as follows: OFFICERS President Programming Director/Chair James C. Foley Brad L. Boyce Sigma-1 Group Leader, Los Alamos National Senior Member for the Technical Staff, Laboratory Sandia National Laboratories Vice President Public & Governmental Affairs Director/Chair Thomas Battle John A. Howarter Extractive Metallurgy Consultant Assistant Professor, Purdue University Past President TECHNICAL DIVISION DIRECTORS Kevin J. Hemker Professor and Chair, Johns Hopkins University Extraction & Processing Division Director/Chair Cynthia K. Belt Financial Planning Officer Energy Management Consultant, Metals Energy Adrian C. Deneys Management LLC Business Development Manager, Praxair Inc. Functional Materials Division Director/Chair TMS Secretary (non-voting) Raymundo Arróyave James J. Robinson Professor, Texas A&M University Executive Director, TMS Light Metals Division Director/Chair FUNCTIONAL AREA DIRECTORS Eric Nyberg Content Development & Dissemination Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division Director/Chair Director/Chair Michele V. Manuel Mark R. Stoudt Professor and Department Chair, University of Florida Materials Research Engineer, National Institute of Membership & Student Development Director/Chair Standards and Technology Alexis C. Lewis Structural Materials Division Director/Chair Program Director, National Science Foundation Daniel Miracle Professional Development Director/Chair Senior Scientist, Air Force Research JO Chester J. Van Tyne Laboratory themagazine Professor Emeritus, Colorado School of Mines Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03563-z Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Perspectives on Diversity Megan J. Cordill More than a decade ago, TMS established Matthew Korey next provides a view on the Women in Materials Science and gender identities in STEM and what support Engineering Committee as a forum to systems are necessary to be one’s true self by explore issues of concern to female scientists summarizing the LGBTQ+ branch of talks and engineers. Since then, TMS has led the and activities from the TMS2019 diversity way for other materials societies on diversity symposium in his article, “What’s the T, and inclusion initiatives within the STEM Cis? Discussing Gender Identity and Sexual (sciences, technology, engineering, and Orientation in TMS.” PDWK ¿HOGVEXWKDVDOVRH[SDQGHGWKHVFRSH The third article, “The Elephant in the of topics addressed by the group. Room: Where is the Empathy in Science?” The newly named Diversity Committee addresses how principle investigators, has spearheaded events, initiatives, and postdocs, and graduate students can take policies to ensure that TMS is a fully care of their mental health, something that is representative materials society. We are often overlooked by everyone regardless of Megan J. Cordill now addressing other important matters identity. Jennifer Carter and Laura Bruckman that concern our lesbian, gay, bisexual, detail steps that individuals can take to help transgender, and queer/questioning themselves and those they may supervise “Perspectives on (LGBTQ+) members and at the same time with the mental health aspects of being in Diversity” serves are exploring strategies to better support any academia and to remove the stigma behind as an introduction members experiencing physical, mental, or mental illness. to a thematic emotional health concerns. The committee Finally, in “Promoting Positive Outcomes group of articles is also working toward providing mentoring in K–12 Outreach through Design,” in the July 2019 opportunities to members representing racial Jessica Krogstad, Kaitlin Tyler, Nicole issue of JOM and ethnic minorities as well as encouraging Johnson-Glauch, and Leon Dean describe covering diversity more engagement from our international the effectiveness of incorporating design and inclusion members. elements into outreach camps as a means topics. The article The four articles comprising the WREXLOGFRQ¿GHQFHLQKLJKVFKRROZRPHQ package is the Perspectives on Diversity compilation in to study engineering or sciences to better first feature series the July 2019 issue of JOM highlight our supply the STEM pipeline. developed by the HYROXWLRQIURPDIHPDOHVSHFL¿FJURXSWRD It is intended that the information, insights, TMS Diversity more well-rounded and inclusive committee. and guidance presented by these various Committee. This collection of articles also provides authors on these topics will generate positive For additional a preview of the key issues and potential change within the diversity spectrum. information, solutions that anyone can implement to Because understanding the humanity of our contact Kaitlin impact both the TMS membership and our profession is, on many levels, as important as Calva, JOM professions. understanding the science. Magazine First, bias in the workplace will be Managing Editor, addressed by Blythe Clark and Olivia Megan J. Cordill is a senior scientist with the at [email protected]. Underwood. Their article, “Mitigating Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Implicit Bias as a Leader,” provides current of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and methods and recommendations for leaders a lecturer with the Department of Materials Science of the Montanuniversität Leoben. to mitigate bias in order to encourage more She has been a TMS member since 2009 diversity and inclusion in STEM. JO and is the current chair of the Diversity themagazine Committee. 2151 Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03564-y Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Mitigating Implicit Bias as a Leader Blythe G. Clark and Olivia D. Underwood Bias. It’s a word that makes most of mitigating, our biases, both individually us squirm. Bias implies to us that we are and institutionally. “bad people” and are being accused of deliberately discriminating against others. Diversity, Engineering, and Yet, if you ask a social scientist, you Inclusion ZLOO¿QGWKDWLWGRHVQ¶WPHDQWKDWDWDOO Engineering, as a discipline, has implicit bias is a neurologically based, solved some of the world’s most complex energy-saving short cut.1 Our brains apply problems. These solutions often require the mental models to make thousands of most creative, innovative approaches we quick decisions every day: which brand can muster and for that, the overwhelming of milk to buy at the store or when to turn evidence shows that we need diverse WKHZKHHOWRDYRLGDWUDI¿FDFFLGHQW:H teams with diverse thoughts: diversity of form our implicit biases subconsciously thought that comes not only from different Blythe G. Clark RYHUWLPHLQÀXHQFHGE\RXUXSEULQJLQJ educational backgrounds, but from societal norms, and life experiences. different upbringings, different ethnicities, :KLOHEHQLJQLQWKHDERYHH[DPSOHV different genders, and different life when relied on for decisions regarding experiences.3–5 people, implicit bias can inadvertently There’s a distinction, however, between cause us to exclude others, tune out their simply inviting diversity to the table and ideas, or under- or overestimate their taking full advantage of it by including DELOLWLHV:KHQZHLQWHUDFWZLWKVRPHRQH diverse individuals and their ideas. who doesn’t “match” our mental model :LWKRXWDFWLQJWRFRXQWHUWKHPLPSOLFLW for that role, we unconsciously think of biases serve as a barrier to inclusion. Left WKHPDVKDYLQJORZHUSRWHQWLDO OLNHZLVH unmitigated, they can cause us to seek or ZKHQVRPHRQHUHÀHFWVRXUPHQWDOPRGHO integrate input only from a select few, to we give them more credit than is due.2 overlook the potential of others, and even In the workplace, we can even formalize to dismiss otherwise brilliant ideas. This, our biases into preferred criteria for job in turn, can cause diverse individuals to Olivia D. Underwood candidates—criteria that are not critical feel undervalued, dismissed, and excluded. for success in the job but mirror the skills Take a moment to recall a time you or experiences of those that held the job felt like an outsider—perhaps even a in the past. As engineers and scientists, childhood experience on the playground. our value system is one of meritocracy, Did you feel like your full self? Likely not. yet we cannot truly reach that ideal unless In fact, evidence shows that when we feel we commit to actively addressing, or we don’t belong, we are less creative, less engaged, and less likely to remain loyal to the organization.6 Yet, the converse is ³:HFDQVLJQL¿FDQWO\EROVWHURXUFROOHFWLYHLQQRYDWLRQ DOVRWUXH ZHFDQVLJQL¿FDQWO\EROVWHURXU collective innovation, productivity, and SURGXFWLYLW\DQGVXVWDLQHGNQRZOHGJHEDVHE\FUHDWLQJ sustained knowledge base by creating an DQLQFOXVLYHFXOWXUHZKHUHLQGLYLGXDOVIHHOWKH\EHORQJ«´ inclusive culture where individuals feel they belong, thus enabling engineering as a —Blythe G. Clark and Olivia D. Underwood ¿HOGWRUHDFKLWVIXOOSRWHQWLDO Admittedly, the idea of mitigating bias 2152 Table of Contents Mitigating Implicit Bias as a Leader 2153 can sound overwhelming. How can you possibly notice all of your biases and, even ³2QHRIWKHPRVWHIIHFWLYHZD\VWRPLWLJDWHELDVZLWK if you see them, what are you supposed to do about them? Luckily, there is an KLULQJSHUIRUPDQFHHYDOXDWLRQVDQGSURPRWLRQVLVWR abundance of data on how to do this. In GHFLGHDKHDGRIWLPH«ZKDWFULWHULDZLOOGLUHFWO\ this article, we describe three of the most impactful and straightforward things you PHDVXUHH[FHOOHQFH´ can do today to help mitigate bias: ensure —Blythe G. Clark and Olivia D. Underwood rigor and consistency in people decisions, cultivate inclusion around you, and stay curious about diversity. • Avoid relying on indirect indicators (for example, pedigree) in evaluations. Ensure Rigor in People Seek direct evidence of excellence Decisions and recognize that attributes such One of the most effective ways to as perseverance and grit may matter mitigate bias with hiring, performance much more.10, 11 evaluations, and promotions is to decide • 8VLQJ³FXOWXUH¿W´DVDFULWHULRQ ahead of time—before we’ve begun to IRUVHOHFWLRQFDQEHDÀDJIRU look over resumes or details—what criteria bias. Essential attributes of the will directly measure excellence. Most of organization’s culture must be us have seen or heard of examples where H[SOLFLWO\GH¿QHGSULRUWRLQFOXGLQJ¿W VRPHRQHGLGQ¶W¿WWKHPROG VRPHRQHZLWK as a criterion. Otherwise, determining seemingly low pedigree wildly exceeded ³¿W´PD\UHO\RQDJXWUHDFWLRQ everyone’s expectations, or someone with triggered by implicit biases. all the pedigree in the world never lived up • :LWKSURPRWLRQVDQGSHUIRUPDQFH to expectations. recognize that there is more than one 'HOLEHUDWHO\GH¿QLQJDQGDGKHULQJWR SDWKWRVXFFHVV:KHQHYDOXDWLQJ a structured approach prevents us from others, question yourself if you note allowing our criteria to slide based on that you are turned off based on a WKHFDQGLGDWHVZHVHH 7 overweighing career path that is non-traditional or ancillary criteria that are not relevant to that does not match the pattern you’ve VXFFHVVLQWKHUROH 2 or being so impressed been conditioned to look for. with one skill that we do not explicitly • Regularly educate yourself and your evaluate across all of the other criteria.2:H decision-making teams on common recommend that you consider adopting the biases. Many universities, for example, following tangible suggestions: now provide bias education not only • :KHQUHFUXLWLQJHQVXUHWKDW\RXU to faculty recruitment committees but DSSOLFDQWSRROUHÀHFWVWKHGLYHUVLW\RI also to tenure and promotion review availability. If it does not, reconsider committees each year. where to target your talent searches, how the posting is worded, and how Cultivate Inclusion on Your and where you are advertising the Teams posting.8 As with other diversity competencies, • Be aware that women and minorities mentioning inclusion can draw blank may have a tendency to self-select out stares. How do you do that—create more of bidding if they don’t match all of inclusion? Building inclusion boils down to the listed criteria, whether required or some of the very things we value in others desired.9 It’s best to list only the most and that we know improve the performance important criteria in the posting. RIWHDPV:KLOHWKHUHDUHVHYHUDOUHIHUHQFHV • Create a rubric to avoid rushed that go into this topic more deeply,12, 13 decision processes or defaulting to we have put together the following list of a “gut reaction” that may in fact actions that we can all commit to today: be aligned to stereotypes, and then • Disparaging comments from co- justifying the decision based on workers may seem like harmless plausible, but inherently biased, banter, but in fact can erode criteria. FRQ¿GHQFHDQGDUHQ¶WDSSURSULDWH Table of Contents 2154 Clark and Underwood Remember that even small negative ³,QRUGHUWRFRQWLQXDOO\UHDOL]HLQQRYDWLRQDQGLPSDFWZH experiences build over time, and the cumulative impact can be just as painful PXVWVWD\RSHQWRFKDQJH7KHGD\ZHVWRSOHDUQLQJDQG as an acute experience of discrimination. EHLQJFXULRXVDERXWKRZWRPDNHRXUHQYLURQPHQWPRUH :KHQ\RXGR\RXUSDUWWREXLOGLQFOXVLRQ while pushing yourself to combat LQFOXVLYHLVWKHGD\WKDWRXURUJDQL]DWLRQV exclusionary actions15 you may feel EHFRPHVWDJQDQW´ XQFRPIRUDWDEOHDW¿UVWEXW\RXUWHDPV will ultimately be much more engaged —Blythe G. Clark and Olivia D. Underwood and productive as a result. Leverage Your Inherent to establishing positive workplace Scientific Curiosity dynamics.14 Rather than dismiss these It’s an interesting paradox that (for example, by saying or thinking, engineering and art are often considered “Don’t let it get to you”), articulate so separately. By segregating these in the impact of such comments and set our minds, we can fall into thinking expectations across the team to ensure that “squishy” concepts like diversity that all team members feel valued and and inclusion are likely an art when the respected. truth is, there is a lot of science behind • Pay attention to meeting dynamics WKHVHFRQFHSWV:HKDYHPRUHGDWDDQG and be willing to intervene. Take evidence now than ever before on the notice when someone wants to concrete actions (such as those outlined contribute, and invite them to speak. in this article) and organizational Also, speak up when credit is being approaches16, 17 that have the most misattributed by saying something impact, and there are ample resources like: “That’s a great idea, and it available to further our expertise in this echoes what so-and-so suggested a DUHDMXVWDVZLWKDQ\RWKHUVFLHQWL¿F minute ago.” discipline (see the Endnotes for an • Evaluate who is on your “go-to” excellent reading list18). OLVWDQG¿QGRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUWKRVH In order to continually realize without these experiences to take on innovation and impact, we must stay new roles. Give them the training or open to change. The day we stop tangible feedback needed to prepare learning and being curious about how to them for success. make our environment more inclusive is • Celebrate team success. One of the the day that our organizations become easiest things you can do to build stagnant. One foundational piece is inclusion and help everyone feel understanding and celebrating different valued is to nurture a culture of cultures, different races, different recognizing each other for a job genders, and different world views.19 well done. Take the time to go out As a starting point, try reaching out and WROXQFK FHOHEUDWHDSDSHUEHLQJ networking with people who are “not SXEOLVKHG RUVHQGDFRQJUDWXODWRU\ like us.” Doing so does two things: it e-mail to acknowledge the impact of challenges our assumptions about others new results. in order to retrain our own biases, and it • Finally, don’t forget the little things, helps others feel included and valued for like introducing yourself to a new their differences. FRQIHUHQFHDWWHQGHH OHWWLQJVRPHRQH Taking this advice is partly NQRZZKHQWKH\JLYHDQLFHWDON DQG responsible for how we, as co-authors, introducing folks to each other when became friends. Although we are both given the chance and “vouching” for women in engineering, as we shared them by explaining why the person our experiences it was clear that the is valuable (for example, you could experience of a woman of color is very say, “I’d like you to meet so-and-so, a different than that of a white woman. talented and up-and-coming member :HFDQQRWDVVXPHZH³NQRZKRZLW of my team”). LV´EHFDXVHZHVKDUHRQHDWWULEXWH:H Table of Contents Mitigating Implicit Bias as a Leader 2155 need to stay curious, ask each other about thought-leadership/diversity-and-inclusion- experiences, and educate ourselves on pulse-2017-leaders-guide. Accessed 22 April important topics as we move forward. As 2019. with all things new, it may feel awkward 7. E.L. Uhlmann and G.L. Cohen, “Constructed DW¿UVW)RUH[DPSOHDVNLQJDWUDQVJHQGHU Criteria: Redefining Merit to Justify person if they have a preferred pronoun Discrimination,” Psychological Science, 16, is not likely a skill we were taught early, 474 (2005). but it can go a long way in making people 8. M. Webb, “How to Alter Your Hiring who might otherwise feel excluded feel Practices to Increase Diversity” (Forbes, they are seen and valued for who they are. 2017), https://www.forbes.com/sites/ :HFDQQRWUHYHUVHWKHDGYHUVHHIIHFWV maynardwebb/2017/10/29/how-to-alter of implicit bias by being simply aware, -your-hiring-practices-to-increase-diversity/. but by thoughtfully assessing our work Accessed 22 April 2019. environment and everyday actions we can 9. T.S. Mohr, “Why Women Don’t Apply for ensure we are including, respecting, and Jobs Unless They’re 100% Qualified” (Harvard valuing the contributions of everyone. Business Review, 2014), https://hbr Blythe G. Clark is an R&D department .org/2014/08/why-women-dont-apply-for-jobs manager at Sandia National Laboratories -unless-theyre-100-qualified. Accessed 22 and co-chair of the Sandia Women’s Action April 2019. Network. She has been an active member 10. L. Adler, Hire With Your Head: Using of TMS since 2003 and serves on the Performance-Based Hiring to Build Great Advanced Characterization, Testing, and Teams (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc., Simulation and Diversity Committees. 2007). 11. A. Duckworth, Grit: The Power of Passion Olivia D. Underwood is a product and Perseverance (New York, NY: Scribner, realization team lead and principal member 2017). of technical staff at Sandia National 12. R.H. Anderson, WE: Men, Women, and Laboratories. Underwood has been an the Decisive Formula for Winning at Work active member of TMS since 2013 and is a (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2018). member of the Advanced Characterization, 13. M. Kaplan and M. Donovan, Inclusion Testing, and Simulation Committee. Dividend: Why Investing in Diversity & Inclusion She was the recipient of the 2019 Frank Pays Off (Brookline, MA: Bibliomotion Inc., Crossley Diversity Award. 2013). 14. S.G.P. Lim. and L.M. Cortina, “Interpersonal Endnotes Mistreatment in the Workplace: The Interface 1. M.R. Banaji and A.G. Greenwald: Blindspot: and Impact of General Incivility and Sexual Hidden Biases of Good People (New York, NY: Harassment,” J. of Applied Psychology, 90, Delacorte Press, 2013). 483 (2005). 2. A.J. Stewart and V. Valian, An Inclusive 15. S. Correll, “Reducing Gender Biases in Academy: Achieving Diversity and Excellence Modern Workplaces: A Small Wins Approach (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2018). to Organizational Change,” Gender & Society, 3. S.E. Page, The Diversity Bonus: How Great 31, 725 (2017). Teams Pay Off in the Knowledge Economy 16. F. Dobbin and A. Kalev, “Why Diversity (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, Programs Fail,” Harvard Business Review, 94, 2017). 52 (2016). 4. K.W. Phillips, “How Diversity Makes us 17. J. Brown, Inclusion: Diversity, The New Smarter,” Scientific American, October 2014. Workplace & The Will To Change (Hartford, CT: 5. L. Hong and S.E. Page, “Groups of Diverse Publish Your Purpose Press, 2017). Problem Solvers Can Outperform Groups of 18. “STRIDE Recommended Readings” High-Ability Problem Solvers,” Proceedings of (University of Michigan), https://advance the National Academies of Science, 2004. .umich.edu/stride-readings/. Accessed 22 April 6. J. Hechinger, A. Hayes, K. Denzel, H. Sachar, 2019. M. Forgang, K. Jansova, J. Martin, and I. Coyne, 19. S.L. Robbins, What If?: Short “Diversity and Inclusion Pulse: 2017 Leader’s Stories to Spark Inclusion & JO Guide,” (Russel Reynolds Associates, 2017), Diversity Dialogue. (Boston, MA: themagazine https://www.russellreynolds.com/insights/ Nicholas Brealy Publishing, 2018). Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03565-x Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society What’s the T, Cis? Discussing Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation Matthew Korey While TMS does not currently have gender identity in the workplace or other metrics on how many of its members professional settings, such as a TMS identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, annual meeting, many people cannot. transgender, or any other identity under This is because they physically wear their the queer umbrella (LGBTQ+), recent identity at work or at a conference, such as estimates suggest that anywhere from people who are mid-transition and people RIWKH86SRSXODWLRQLGHQWL¿HV who identify outside of the gender binary as LGBTQ+.1, 2 Per the 2017 TMS Annual (e.g., genderqueer). Report, if we apply these metrics to our $VWKLVLQIRUPDWLRQLQWKHVFLHQWL¿F Society we would anticipate anywhere literature is becoming more readily from 325 to 455 LGBTQ+ members. available, it is increasingly important Similarly, applying this same metric for our discipline to continue to discuss to attendance at the TMS 2019 Annual methods to make our international Matthew Korey Meeting & Exhibition (TMS2019) would meetings and individual workplaces indicate 112 to 157 attendees identify more inclusive to people who identify this way. When expanded to the current as LGBTQ+. In October 2018, the population of the United States, similar TMS Board of Directors approved a HVWLPDWHVZRXOGLQGLFDWHWKDW¿YHWRHLJKW new strategic plan—TMS Aspires. The million working Americans identify as primary goal of this plan, “TMS aspires LGBTQ+. to be a highly inclusive Society,” creates While it is possible for many LGBTQ+ the perfect opportunity to leverage this people to hide their sexual orientation or growing body of research on LGBTQ+ inclusion. (To learn more about this and other TMS strategic goals, visit www.tms.org/TMSAspires.) The TMS2019 Diversity Symposium 7KHUHZDVVLJQL¿FDQWGLVFXVVLRQRI LGBTQ+ topics during the Diversity in STEM and Best Practices to Improve It symposium held at TMS2019. Three speakers gave descriptive, unique explanations of their experiences not only within TMS, but also within the discipline. Throughout the symposium, PDQ\GLIIHUHQW¿JXUHVZHUHXVHGWRKHOS explain complex gender identities with which people identify to a materials science and engineering audience. One speaker used chemical bonds to illustrate the difference between cisgender, where Figure 1. Using cisgender- and transgender-but-2-ene to explain gender one’s experience of gender matches their identities.3 assigned gender, and transgender, where 2156 Table of Contents What’s the T, Cis? Discussing Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation 2157 one’s experience of gender does not match their assigned gender (see Figure 1).3 To describe the absurdity of the concept of binary gender, the speaker parodied a phase diagram to help make their point that gender is not a binary (see Figure 2).3 One speaker addressed the needs of transgender individuals as outlined by Reisner et al. in a review of global transgender population health. The needs that act directly upon transgender individuals may be thought of in terms of broad categories—psychological, social, legal, and medical—though there are Figure 3: A visualization many external factors that affect whether within our Society can help individuals for how intersectionality 5 an individual can meet those direct needs. feel more connected to TMS. However, can be used to understand This interconnectivity of needs, known making sure that transgender individuals the basic needs of more generally as intersectionality, was have their basic needs met is an important transgender individuals.3 addressed by many speakers during the aspect of inclusion within this complex diversity symposium. For transgender community. TMS is striving to address LQGLYLGXDOVJHQGHUDI¿UPDWLRQ DNH\ these needs to ensure that the Society is indicator of their health) only happens inclusive of everyone. Endnotes when psychological, social, legal, and In the last year, TMS Pride, a working 1. D. Johnston and M.A. medical needs intersect positively (see group created within the TMS Diversity Malina, “Managing Sexual Figure 3).3 Committee, has begun increasing Orientation Diversity: The the availability of LGBTQ+ related Impact on Firm Value,” Group Lessons Learned programming and visibility throughout the & Organization Management, The needs of LGBTQ+ individuals Society, at the TMS Annual Meeting, and 33, 602 (2008). DUHQRWVLJQL¿FDQWO\GLIIHUHQWIURPRWKHU DWRWKHU706DI¿OLDWHGPHHWLQJV706 2. G.J. Gates, “LGBT populations of people. Increasing the Pride members have helped organize the Percentage Highest in D.C., visibility and providing opportunities for TMS Diversity Breakfasts, led symposia, Lowest in North Dakota,” LGBTQ+ people to connect to each other and hosted informal networking events Gallup Poll Briefing, 2 (2003). during conferences. If you 3. K. Cunningham, “T 2,800 are interested in getting Time: How to Welcome involved in this working and Support People of All 2,500 group, please contact Genders,” TMS 2019 Annual [email protected] for Meeting & Exhibition, San further information. Anotnio, TX, March 2019. 2,000 4. “Calculated Cu-Nb Phase Matthew Korey is a National Diagram” (MDATA - Phase Science Foundation Diagram Software from 1,500 (NSF) Graduate Research the National Physical Temperature/K Fellowship Program (GRFP) Laboratory, U.K. National Fellow and graduate Physical Laboratory, 2010), 1,000 research assistant in resource.npl.co.uk/mtdata/ materials engineering at phdiagrams/cunb.htm. 5. S.L. Reisner, T. Poteat, 500 Purdue University. Korey is an active member of the J. Keatley, M. Cabral, T. 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 TMS Diversity Committee, Mothopeng, E. Dunham, C.E. was on the organizing Holland, R. Max, and S.D. committee for the 3rd Baral, “Global Health Burden Figure 2. A parody of a phase diagram, used to describe Summit on Diversity in and Needs of Transgender the ways in which the notion of binary gender cannot the Minerals, Metals, and Populations: A adequately capture gender diversity. Presented in, “T Time: Review,” Lancet How to Welcome and Support People of All Genders,” by KC Materials Professions, and JO Cunningham at TMS2019.3 Adapted from “Calculated Cu-Nb is a founding member of 388, 412 themagazine Phase Diagram,” by the U.K. National Physical Laboratory.4 TMS Pride. (2016). Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03566-w Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society The Elephant in the Room: Where is the Empathy in Science? Jennifer L.W. Carter and Laura S. Bruckman A recent international study indicated that early researchers to on-campus mental health graduate students in science, technology, services (many of which are maintained at HQJLQHHULQJDQGPDWK 67(0 ¿HOGVDUH DPLQLPXPRIRQHFHUWL¿HGVWDIIPHPEHU six times more likely than the general per 1,200 students). An overhaul in the tools population to experience clinical symptoms and techniques at the disposal of the PI of anxiety and depression.1 Additionally, should have dramatic effects on the mental it has been shown that individuals who health of the students we teach and mentor. identify as a member of an underrepresented Our goal with this article is to present tools minority (e.g., race, gender identity, sexual and techniques that PIs (and their early- RULHQWDWLRQ LQD67(0¿HOGDUHPRUHOLNHO\ career researchers) can ask to implement at WREHDIÀLFWHGE\LPSRVWHUV\QGURPH2 It their institutions to promote an educational is our opinion that these disturbing trends environment that enables both research are equally prevalent in the postdoctoral advancements and the development of Jennifer L.W. Carter researcher community, since they are more resilient individuals. often unseen by the university-industrial complex and more exposed to the stress University of the funding mechanisms. The struggle We can think of two things that with mental health issues during the Ph.D. universities should do to alleviate the mental process is so pervasive that the long-running health struggles of graduate students. First, Ph.D. comic strip continues to ring true (see they can provide effective methods for Figure 1).3 teaching faculty members how to mentor.4 The literature indicates that the Most faculty did not go to graduate school interactions between students and their or start their career with the objective principal investigators (PIs) have a dramatic of learning to mentor or teach. We also effect on their mental health. The value of speculate that there is a large percentage the PI/early-career researcher relationship of the faculty who potentially believe that is well-known and is the reason why many mental health struggles are at best a taboo Laura S. Bruckman universities/departments have onsite visits topic, or at worst are a generational product with potential graduate students. and not real ailments. It is not enough for PIs to just “point” Universities need to change these mentalities by (1) allowing individuals to be vulnerable and forthright with their personal struggles, and (2) requiring consistent training to educate the educator. Mental health struggles are not a product of this generation, but being open about them is a healthy consequence of this generation. 6HFRQGDQGPRUHGLI¿FXOWLVWKDW universities must acknowledge that the STEM graduate student population has changed dramatically, from predominantly single white male to a more diverse group of Figure 1. “Piled Higher and Deeper” by Jorge Cham (www.phdcomic.com) individuals. This diversity brings advantages brings levity as it chronicles the universal struggles of graduate students and IRUUREXVWVFLHQWL¿FGLVFRXUVHDVZHOODV postdocs during their journey to become professionals in their field of choice.3 a diverse set of challenges. For example, 2158 Table of Contents The Elephant in the Room: Where is the Empathy in Science? 2159 some international students begin a graduate students with resources on mental health on student program with a spouse who, based campus without judgment.5 on visa restrictions, cannot work. If the Faculty should also live a perceived graduate student stipend is designed under healthy work-life balance. This could be as the assumption that graduate students can simple as adding the following statement to ¿QGKRXVLQJPDWHVWKLVSXWVDQXQH[SHFWHG your e-mail signature: “My working week is ¿QDQFLDOEXUGHQRQWKRVHZKRFDQQRW likely different to yours. Please reply in your follow this model. Therefore, an assessment own time.” Faculty could also facilitate the of living salary for a particular location formation of “mentoring constellations” for is not something that can be overlooked. each student.4 These groups give students Addressing how one university might tackle access to a broader community that can help the unique challenges faced by their student them on their journey to becoming respected populations on the topics of housing, food, professionals. PIs can help normalize and childcare insecurities will not likely conversations about mental health by sharing OHDGWRD³RQHVL]H¿WVDOO´DSSURDFK2QH a particular study such as the one referenced example is the operation of university- at the beginning of this article (or even this sponsored food pantries to assist students article) to start the discussion. This alleviates dealing with food insecurity issues. the need for faculty to share any mental Endnotes health concerns of their own. Departments 1.T.M. Evans, L. Bira, J.B. Departments should provide opportunities Students Gastelum, L.T. Weiss, and for early-career researchers to build a To support your mental health needs, it is N.L. Vanderford, “Evidence for a Mental Health Crisis in community during normal operating hours. important to be honest with yourself. Find Graduate Education,” Nature A perceived healthy work-life balance RXWZKDWWKHXQLYHUVLW\¶VSROLFLHVDUHRQ Biotechnology, 36, 282 (2018). promotes a more committed, healthy sick leave and vacation time, and how your 2. A. Parkman, “The Imposter 1 workforce. The traditional method of mentor may be expecting you to act in your Phenomenon in Higher hosting an after-hours happy hour is most own best interest.6 Find a strong community Education: Incidence and accessible for conventional students (cis- of other students to participate in your Impact,” Journal of Higher gendered, white, single) and ignores the constellation of mentors. For example, start Education Theory & Practice, broader stressors on a diverse set of graduate or join a graduate materials society chapter 16, 51 (2016). students who are potentially struggling with at your university or become active in the 3. J. Cham, “Professed?” housing/food insecurities, time commitments graduate student governing board at your (Piled Higher and Deeper of parenthood, and/or have cultural issues university. These organizations provide safety Publishing LLC, 2014), http:// surrounding alcohol consumption. in numbers when requesting changes in phdcomics.com/comics/ archive.php?comicid=1672. 7KH2KLR6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\¶V'HSDUWPHQW university policy. Accessed 22 May 2019. of Materials Science and Engineering You must also learn to have what can often 4. W.B. Johnson, On Being a does this well; they still have a traditional EHGLI¿FXOWFRQYHUVDWLRQVZLWK\RXUPHQWRU Mentor: A Guide for Higher happy hour, but the department sponsors about what the expectations are during the Education Faculty, (Mahwah, DGXULQJRI¿FHKRXUVGRXJKQXWKRXURQ graduate school experience to make sure NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Friday mornings. The time was strategically you both have similar expectations. Finally, Associates Publishers, 2007). selected to not overlap with the graduate remember that you are not alone; Ph.D. 5. Graduate Student Senate classes, and the faculty and educational comics is one of many tools at your disposal of Case Western Reserve support staff make an effort to regularly WR¿QGVXSSRUWGXULQJWKHXQLYHUVDOVWUXJJOHV University, “A Mentoring attend the event. of graduate school. Successfully completing Guidebook for Faculty: Helping \RXU3K'SURJUDPGRHVQ¶WQHFHVVDULO\PDNH Graduate Students Grow into Principal Investigator you smarter than everyone else; it only means Respected Professionals and The PI is at the front line of the that you are more persistent in one aspect. Trusted Colleagues,” 73, 2008. 6. Graduate Student Senate professional and personal development of Jennifer L.W. Carter is an assistant professor of Case Western Reserve graduate students and other early-career in the Department of Materials Science University, “A Mentee professionals. While the PI cannot be and Engineering at Case Western Reserve Guidebook for Students: H[SHFWHGWREHDVWXGHQW¶VRQO\VXSSRUW University (CWRU). She is a past chair and How Graduate Students person, they should seek opportunities for current member of the Diversity Committee. Can Become Respected professional development that provide them Professionals with the skills to be a successful mentor. A Laura S. Bruckman is an associate research and Trusted JO successful mentor is accessible to discussing professor in the Department of Materials Colleagues,” 85, themagazine problems, listens to concerns, and provides Science and Engineering at CWRU. 2008. Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03567-9 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Promoting Positive Outcomes in K–ŏƗƉ Outreach through Design Jessica Krogstad, Kaitlin Tyler, Nicole Johnson-Glauch, and Leon Dean Summer outreach camps in engineering ZRPDQ¶VFRQ¿GHQFHLQKHUSURIHVVLRQDO and science are common across the competency is critical to both selection United States. The goal of these camps DQGORQJWHUPUHWHQWLRQLQ67(0¿HOGV may vary—some provide an opportunity and that experimental or project-based to compare different disciplines while experiences with STEM are especially others simply strive to provide tangible HIIHFWLYHLQERRVWLQJWKLVFRQ¿GHQFH7KLV examples of what a career in science or would suggest then, that summer outreach engineering might look like—but almost camps must do more than expose young all of these camps aim to encourage ZRPHQWR67(0UHODWHG¿HOGV²WKH\ matriculation in a science or engineering must convince them that they are capable Jessica Krogstad program, and are often especially targeted of succeeding in STEM professions. at underrepresented populations. Women, First, we must acknowledge that in particular, remain underrepresented in these are, in fact, different outcomes. STEM (science, technology, engineering, Then we can consider how to go about DQGPDWK ¿HOGVGHVSLWHWKHIDFWWKDW achieving such a distinction. As an they are now more equally represented example, consider the plethora of online amongst college educated adults. STEM outreach resources. A motivated Many have considered the causes of camp coordinator could easily assemble this so-called gender gap, identifying a week’s worth of activities from these a complex array of social and cultural UHVRXUFHVDQGEHTXLWHFRQ¿GHQWWKDW drivers that are not easily addressed by they have exposed their campers to some Kaitlin Tyler singular outreach experiences. However, exciting STEM concepts. In fact, for these studies have also shown that a several years this was the model that was Nicole Johnson-Glauch Leon Dean GLAM campers work together to design the most efficient and economic composite brick. 2160 Table of Contents Promoting Positive Outcomes in K-12 Outreach through Design 2161 followed by GLAM, Girls Learning About Materials, a week-long summer camp for 10th through 12th grade high school women that operates under the umbrella of the Worldwide Youth Science and Engineering (WYSE) Camps at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). By all of our metrics, the campers responded favorably to this structure— they enjoyed individual activities, they had fun, and the majority of campers indicated that they would consider a STEM degree in their post-camp surveys. However, when we looked at their overall perceptions and comments from the same survey, we found remarks question remained whether this insight GLAM campers like this one: “There was not much in the could be effectively applied to the much demonstrate their way of connecting things—we’d learn a more compressed schedules common prototype and explain cool thing, do a lab, and then move on to to K–12 outreach camps. And if so, the design to a member a completely unrelated subject.” would some approaches to incorporating of the UIUC MatSE In our efforts to expose them to design be more effective than others? faculty during a poster session. the breadth of materials science and After all, design may be common across engineering—to show them all the engineering disciplines but there are still cool things they could do in our PDQ\ZD\VWRGH¿QHGHVLJQWKLQNLQJRU ¿HOG²ZHKDGFUHDWHGFRQIXVLRQDERXW the design cycle. how all of these ideas could possibly To explore this, we did more than just be connected. And we found that the change our own camp; we implemented campers did not tend to contribute this a two-phase study. First we compared confusion to the organization of the outreach camps that intentionally camp, rather they internalized it, thus incorporated some aspect of design reducing their perceived competency in to those that had no formal design materials science and engineering, and FRPSRQHQW WKHQZHVWXGLHGIRXUVSHFL¿F perhaps in STEM as a whole. Structure camps at UIUC, each of which used and organization can and do make design in a different way over the course DVLJQL¿FDQWLPSDFWRQWKHLQWHQGHG of the week-long camp. In this second outcomes of the outreach camps. phase, we attempted to correlate how This realization prompted us to design was introduced to the perceived restructure the entire GLAM camp, outcomes of the camp for both the the details of which were published in campers and coordinators. 2017.1 During this process, we drew ,QWKH¿UVWSKDVHZHXVHGD motivation from the much broader body combination of pre- and post-camp of engineering education literature surveys to compare design-incorporated emphasizing the use of design in versus design-absent camps. We found undergraduate engineering curricula. that all participants felt they understood Design is integral to engineering what engineering was following the regardless of discipline—so much so camp. The design-incorporated camps that it’s a tenant of the accreditation had a more positive perception of processes for all undergraduate engineering following camp, while engineering programs. Besides the direct the design-absent camp showed a translation to the engineering workplace, VWDWLVWLFDOO\VLJQL¿FDQWGHFUHDVHLQ use of design thinking and design interest in engineering (as derived projects in undergraduate classrooms from questions such as “I want to be an has been shown to promote higher order engineer when I grow up” or “I think knowledge/skills transfer, creativity, engineering is interesting”). This was VHOIPRWLYDWLRQDQGFRQ¿GHQFH%XWWKH a more dramatic outcome than we had Table of Contents 2162 Krogstad, Tyler, Johnson-Glauch, and Dean for students to connect complex ideas, 7KHEUHDGWKRIDQGZLWKLQ67(0¿HOGVUHPDLQVRQH practice problem-solving, and improve their communication skills. RIWKHELJJHVWFKDOOHQJHVIRUVXFFHVVIXOO\GHYHORSLQJ The breadth of, and within, STEM LPSOHPHQWLQJDQGHYHQDVVHVVLQJRXWUHDFKFDPSV ¿HOGVUHPDLQVRQHRIWKHELJJHVW challenges for successfully developing, —Jessica Krogstad, Kaitlin Tyler, implementing, and even assessing outreach camps—especially when simply Nicole Johnson-Glauch, and Leon Dean exposing students to STEM is likely LQVXI¿FLHQWWRPDNHDORQJWHUPLPSDFW expected, which prompted the more on the workforce diversity of these VSHFL¿FTXHVWLRQVDERXWKRZGHVLJQZDV ¿HOGV2XUH[SHULHQFHKDVGHPRQVWUDWHG implemented in the second phase of the that thoughtful incorporation of design study. thinking and the design process can be The second phase compared four used to boost positive outcomes across camps in the UIUC WYSE program, disciplines, by providing a unifying all targeted at 9th through 12th grade framework and boosting both self- women. Girls Building Awesome FRQ¿GHQFHLQDQGHQWKXVLDVPIRU67(0 Machines (GBAM) dedicated more disciplines. than half of their camp time to a single, Jessica Krogstad is an assistant team-based design project that spanned professor in the Department of Materials WKHHQWLUHZHHN²VSHFL¿FDOO\WREXLOG Science and Engineering at the University a 3D printer. While GLAM also opted of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and has for a week-long, team-based design been the faculty coordinator of GLAM project, this was a smaller fraction of since 2015. She has been a TMS member the total program relative to GBAM since 2008 and is an active member of the DQGGLGQRWSUHGH¿QHWKH¿QDOSURGXFW Diversity Committee. The Bioengineering Camp opted for a conceptual, team-based project, but Kaitlin Tyler is a Granta Education Fellow no physical product was produced. with Granta Design and was the GLAM Finally, the Aerospace Engineering graduate student coordinator from 2014 (AeroE) Camp had many design projects to 2017. Having been a Material Advantage throughout the week that were both member since 2014, she is currently team-based and individual projects. transitioning to a professional TMS The pre- and post-camper surveys member. LQFOXGHGTXHVWLRQVVSHFL¿FWRGHVLJQ Nicole Johnson-Glauch is a lecturer in FRQ¿GHQFHDQGPRUHJHQHUDO67(0 the Materials Engineering Department at FRQ¿GHQFH)URPWKHVHVXUYH\V*%$0 California Polytechnic State University. GLAM, and AeroE realized statistically She was also the graduate student lab VLJQL¿FDQWLQFUHDVHVLQDOOGHVLJQ coordinator for GLAM from 2015 to 2017. FRQ¿GHQFHTXHVWLRQVIROORZLQJWKH camp. Moreover, these same camps all Leon Dean is a Ph.D. student in the showed positive changes in responses Department of Materials Science and to the question, “I believe I could be Engineering at the University of Illinois at successful in a career in engineering/ Urbana-Champaign. math/science.” These are still very short-term perspectives, and much Endnotes richer insight remains to be extracted 1. K. Tyler, N. Johnson, and J.A. Krogstad, from the coordinator interviews and “Implementing Design Thinking into Summer video observations; however, they do Camp Experience for High School suggest that when design is incorporated Women in Materials Science and JO LQWRRXWUHDFKLWFDQERRVWVHOIHI¿FDF\ Engineering,” ASEE Conference themagazine in STEM by providing opportunities Proceedings (2017). Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03568-8 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society TMS Welcomes New Members JO The TMS Board of Directors approved professional membership for the themagazine following individuals at its June 2019 meeting. Please join us in congratulating and welcoming them to all the privileges and benefits of TMS membership. Abbas, Ghazanfar; Cobex Al-Dohani, Mahmood; Sohar Armstrong, Beth L.; Oak Bale, Hrishikesh; Carl Zeiss GmbH, Germany Aluminium, Oman Ridge National Laboratory, Microscopy Inc., United United States States Abbott, Trevor B.; Magontec Alhunaini, Mohammed; Limited, Australia Maaden Aluminium Armstrong, David; University Bang, Jung-Hwan; Korea Company, Saudi Arabia of Oxford, United Kingdom Institute of Industrial Abdulrahman, Zubeir Daud Technology, South Korea K.; Tanzania Ali, Haider; University of Arnold, Craig; Princeton Central Florida, United University, United States Banjab, Ali Jasim; Emirates Abid, Aamir D.; Global States Advanced Metals, United Global Aluminium, Arregui-Mena, Jose David; United Arab Emirates States Alleman, Coleman; Sandia Oak Ridge National National Laboratories, Acar, Handan; University Laboratory, United States Bao, Yuping; University of United States Alabama, United States of Oklahoma, United Asari, Yusuke; Hitachi Ltd., States Almahamedh, Hussain H.; Japan Baraboshkin, Kirill; JSC Sabic, Saudi Arabia Adapa, Venkata Surya K; Severstal Management, Asrar, Nausha; Schlumberger, Russian Federation Delta Air Lines, United Al-Omari, Imaddin; Sultan United States States Qaboos University, Oman Barbati, Alexander; Auger, Thierry; CNRS, France Agbenyegah, Gordon E. K.; Ambrosek, James; Woodward, Desktop Metal, United University of Auckland, United States Aune, Ragnhild E.; Norwegian States New Zealand Amram, Dor; Technion - Israel University of Science and Barela, Steven; Terves Inc., Agrawal, Richa; Naval Institute of Technology, Technology, Norway United States Postgraduate School, Israel Aytug, Tolga; Oak Ridge Barrett, Christopher United States Ananthanarayana, Durga; National Laboratory, United D.; Mississippi State Agrawal, Vinamra; Auburn KTH Royal Institute of States University, United States University, United States Technology, Sweden Azevedo, Eugenio; Alcoa of Barriobero-Vila, Pere; Ahmad, Arsalan; Institute Anderson, David; Oak Ridge Australia Limited, Australia German Aerospace of Advanced Materials, National Laboratory, United Babaniaris, Steven; Deakin Center (DLR), Germany Pakistan States University, Australia Bartles, Dean L.; National Aindow, Tai-Tsui; University Andersson, Joakim Z.; ABB, Bachmaier, Andrea; Erich Tooling and Machining of Connecticut, United Sweden Schmid Institute, Austria Association, United States Andoh, Samuel; Volta States Badaeva, Ekaterina A.; BR&T/ Akamatsu, Silvere; CNRS, Aluminium Co. Ltd., Ghana Bartlett, Laura N.; Missouri France Boeing, United States Antolovich, Bruce F.; ATI University of Science Akdoãan, Vakur Ugur; Specialty Materials, United Badwe, Nilesh; Intel & Technology, United Assan Aluminyum, States Corporation, United States States Turkey Antoniou, Antonia; Georgia Bahl, Sumit; Oak Ridge Bathula, Vishwanadh; Akhtar, Shahid; Hydro Institute of Technology, National Laboratory, United University of Pittsburgh, Aluminium, Norway United States States United States Al Balushi, Omar A.; Sohar Antrekowitsch, Juergen; Bai, Hao; University of Battison, Mark; Quintus Aluminium, Oman University of Leoben, Science and Technology Technologies, United Austria Beijing, China States Al Jawi, Mohammad H.; Emirates Global Apollo, Nicholas V.; University Baldinozzi, Gianguido; CNRS, Baughman, Adam; Naval Aluminium, United Arab of Pennsylvania, United University of Paris Saclay, Sea Systems Command, Emirates States France United States 2163 Table of Contents 2164 TMS Welcomes New Members Beaulieu, Gilles B.; ICS, Bobel, Andrew; General Caliskanoglu, Ozan; Stirtec Chatterjee, Kamalika; Canada Motors, United States GmbH, Austria Cornell University, United States Beausoleil, Geoffery L.; Bogno, Abdoul-Aziz; Campice, Giovanni; T.T. Battelle Energy Alliance, University of Alberta, Tomorrow Technology, Italy Chen, Chih-Hsuan; United States Canada Campos, Ricardo; Albras, National Taiwan Beck, Matthew J.; Boldsaikhan, Enkhsaikhan; Brazil University, Taiwan University of Kentucky, Wichita State University, Cao, Penghui; University of Chen, Dengke; Georgia United States United States California, Irvine, United Institute of Technology, Belgraver, Jaco; KBM Borgonia, John Paul; Jet States United States Master Alloys, Propulsion Laboratory, Cao, Xinjin; National Research Chen, Gang; University of Netherlands United States Council, Canada Science and Technology Ben Aiban, Saad; Saudi Boulet, Pascal; Aix-Marseille Beijing, China Caravaca, Elbert; U.S. Army Mining Co. (Ma’Aden), University, France ARDEC, United States Chen, Ke; Shanghai Jiao Saudi Arabia Bowers, Darren W.; United Tong University, China Carlone, Angelo; Innovative Benac, Dan; Baker States Control Solutions Inc., Chen, Wei-Ying; Argonne Engineering & Risk, Brennhaugen, David D.E.; Canada National Laboratory, United States Norwegian University of United States Carlson, James; Haynes Bernard, Ameline; Rio Science and Technology, International Inc., United Chen, Xi; University of Tinto, Canada Norway States Texas at Austin, United Berry, Joel M.; Lawrence Bringuier, Stefan; General States Carrada, Marzia; CEMES- Livermore National Atomics, United States CNRS, France Chen, Xinbin; Yujia Laboratory, United Broderick, Scott; University at Advanced Materials Co. States Carver, Rodney F.; AMG Buffalo, United States Ltd., China Aluminum, United States Bessa, Miguel; Delft Brosnan, Kristen H.; GE Chen, Yinglong; Dow University of Technology, Castillo, Vic; Lawrence Research, United States Chemical Company, Netherlands Livermore National United States Broz, Pavel; Masaryk Laboratory, United States Bessais, Lotfi; ICMPE, University, Ceitec Mu, Chen, Youxing; University UPEC, CNRS, France Cauthen, Cole; Southern Czech Republic Research, United States of North Carolina at Beyer, Tobias; TRIMET Charlotte, United States Bulsara, Mayank T.; Matheson, Aluminium SE, Germany Cecen, Ahmet; ExxonMobil United States Chemicals Company, Chen, Yue; University of Bhattacharya, Arunodaya; Burke, Michael; Electric Power United States Hong Kong, Hong Kong Oak Ridge National Research Institute, United Laboratory, United Chae, Youngwook; POSCO, Chen, Yunhui; University States States South Korea College London, United Bux, Sabah; Jet Propulsion Kingdom Bhattacharyya, Jishnu; Chambers, Brian; Shell, Laboratory, United States University of Virginia, United States Cheng, Huanyu; United States Byczynski, Glenn E.; Nemak, Pennsylvania State Chan, Allen; Praxair Inc., Canada University, United States Biener, Juergen; Lawrence United States Livermore National Cadenazzi, Guido; La Trobe Cherolis, Nicholas E.; Chan, Ellen H.; Stryker Laboratory, United University, Australia Baker Engineering, Corporation, United States States United States Cai, Lu; Westinghouse, United Chang, Chih-Hung; Oregon Bilheux, Hassina Z.; States Chinnasamy, Chins; State University, United Oak Ridge National Carpenter Technology Caillard, Daniel; CNRS- States Laboratory, United Corporation, United CEMES, France States Chang, Sinting Cynthia; States Cain, Taylor; U.S. Army Paul Scherrer Institute, Billings, Jay; Oak Ridge Cho, Jung-Wook; Pohang Research Laboratory, Switzerland National Laboratory, University of Science United States United States Charest, Sebastien; and Technology, South Caldwell, Eric C.; Shell, United Aluminerie Alouette, Korea Blackford, Asheley K.; States Canada AFRL Research Cho, Kyung Mox; Pusan Collaboration Program, Calin, Mariana; IFW Dresden, Chatain, Dominique; CNRS, National University, United States Germany France South Korea Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2165 Choi, Daiwon; Pacific Colombi Ciacchi, Lucio; Dargusch, Matthew S.; Dow, Wei-Ping; National Northwest National University of Bremen, University of Queensland, Chung Hsing University, Laboratory, United Germany Australia Taiwan States Colorado, Henry; Universidad Datz, Christin; Boeing, United Du, Chaowei; Max- Choi, Moo Eob; POSCO, de Antioquia, Colombia States Planck-Institut Fuer South Korea Daw, Murray S.; Clemson Eisenforschung, Conti, Melchiorre; Metalysis, Germany Choi, Shi Hoon; Sunchon United Kingdom University, United States National University, De Yoreo, James; Pacific Du Laing, Gijs; Ghent South Korea Coombe, Vian; Nemak S.A. de University, Belgium C.V., Mexico Northwest National Choi, Won Seok; KAIST, Laboratory, United States Dube, Dany; Idea Controle South Korea Cooper, Michael; Los Alamos Inc., Canada National Laboratory, United Debastiani, Duane; Vesuvius, Choo, Hahn; University United States of Tennessee, United States Dubois, Christine; Alcoa, Canada States Cooper, Ryan; University of Deborde, Vincent; GE Power Digital, Switzerland Chou, Yi-Chia; National Connecticut, United States Duessel, Roman; Trimet Aluminium SE, Germany Chiao Tung University, Costa, Guilherme; Albras, Delahoussaye, Leah; Oxbow, United States Taiwan Brazil Duh, Jenq Gong; National Demay, Alex; Derrick Chu, Miaoqi; Argonne Costa, Raphael; Hydro, Brazil Tsing Hua University, National Laboratory, Corporation, United States Taiwan United States Cottura, Maeva; CNRS, Deng, Chuang; University of France Dwaraknath, Shyam; Chuang, Chihpin Andrew; Manitoba, Canada Lawrence Berkeley Argonne National Craparo, Joe; Energy Deng, Zhiyin; Northeastern National Laboratory, Laboratory, United Research Company, United University, China United States States States D’Errico, Fabrizio; Politecnico Dybalska, Agnieszka; Chun, Charlie; ExxonMobil, Crocombette, Jean Paul; CEA di Milano, Italy University of United States Saclay, France Birmingham, United Dholabhai, Pratik P.; Kingdom Clare, Alexis; Alfred Cruzado, Aitor; Texas A&M University, United States Rochester Institute of University, United States Technology, United States Dzivenu, Perry; Volta Clark, John; Oxmet Aluminium Co. Ltd., Csuka, Marcelo; Companhia Technologies, United Di Gioacchino, Fabio; Ghana Brasileira de Aluminio, Kingdom Colorado School of Mines, Brazil United States Ebadat, Vahid; Stonehouse Clark, Samuel J.; University Process Safety, United College London, United Cubeddu, Alessandro; Diao, Haoyan; Kaiser States Kingdom Unversity Wuppertal, Aluminum, United States Germany Echols, John R.; Oak Ridge Ding, Yi; Tianjin University of Clerin, Philippe M.; Alteo, National Laboratory, Cui, Baozhi; Ames Laboratory, Technology, China France United States United States Ding, Yuqing; Canadian Clos, Daniel Perez; Edmondson, Philip; Cui, Yujie; Tohoku University, Nuclear Laboratories, Norwegian University Oak Ridge National Japan Canada of Science and Laboratory, United Technology, Norway Cunningham, Nicholas; Dion, Mario; Rio Tinto, States Cola, Gary; Flash ATI Specialty Alloys and Canada Efird, Cory; NASA Steelworks, United Components, United States Dispinar, Derya; Istanbul States Technology Transfer, Curtarolo, Stefano; Duke University, Turkey United States Colbert, Josee; Rio Tinto, University, United States Dong, Hongbiao; University of Canada Eggeler, Yolita; University Dahan, Itzchak I.; NRCN, Leicester, United Kingdom of California, Santa Colker, Jeff P.; Bell Israel Dontigny, Julie; Hatch Ltd., Barbara, United States Helicopter - Textron, Canada United States Daly, Matthew; University of Eifler, Dietmar; University Illinois at Chicago, United Dorin, Thomas; Deakin of Kaiserslautern, Collins, David M.; States University, Australia Germany University of Birmingham, United Damp, Ed; Western Extrusions Dos Santos, Jorge F.; HZG, Eiken, Janin; Access E.V., Kingdom Corporation, United States Germany Germany Table of Contents 2166 TMS Welcomes New Members Ekberg, Christian; Forsgren, Christer; Stena Gao, Yanfei; University of Graening, Tim; Karlsruhe Chalmers University of Recycling, Sweden Tennessee, Knoxville, Institute of Technology, Technology, Sweden United States Germany Fortier, Martin; Rio Tinto, Elam, Jeffrey; Argonne Canada Garg, Akanksha; Dow Graf, Dan; Gopher National Laboratory, Chemical Company, United Resource, United States Fortin, Sebastien; Rio Tinto States United States - Aluminium Technology Grant, Patrick S.; University Elbakhshwan, Mohamed S.; Solutions - ARDC, Canada Gascoin, Franck; CRISMAT of Oxford, United CNRS, France Kingdom University of Wisconsin- Foulk III, James W.; Sandia Madison, United States National Laboratories, Ge, Binghui; Anhui University, Grassi, John R.; Alotech Emond, Raymond; Rio United States China Ltd. LLC Inc., United States Tinto, Canada Frederick, Curtis; Arconic, Ge, Mingyuan; Brookhaven Eranezhuth, Baburaj G.; United States National Laboratory, United Grayson, Jim T.; Pyrotek, States United States Clarkson Aerospace Freitas, Rodrigo; Stanford Corporation, United University, United States Gebert, A; IFW Dresden, Griffin, Richard B.; Texas States Germany A&M University, United Friederderf, Fritz John; Luna States Erlebacher, Jonah; Johns Innovations, United States Geelhood, Kenneth J.; Hopkins University, Pacific Northwest National Griffiths, William United States Fries, Suzana; Ruhr University Laboratory, United States D.; University of Bochum, Germany Birmingham, United Espinosa, Denise C.R.; Gesing, Adam J.; Gesing Kingdom University of Sao Paulo, Frisk, Karin; Hoganas AB, Consultants Inc., Canada Brazil Sweden Groeber, Michael; The Ghamarian, Iman; University Ohio State University, Estrada, David; Boise State Fu, Chenguang; Max Planck of Michigan, United States University, United States Institute, Germany United States Gibson, James S.K-L.; RWTH Gu, Yijia; Missouri Fallah Mehrjard, Ata; Fu Cai, Li; Sunstone, China Aachen, Germany University of Science Aurubis AG, Germany Fujii, Hidetoshi; Osaka Gilbert, William; Chemours, and Technology, United Favre, Julien; Mines Saint- University/ JWRI, Japan United States States Etienne, France Fujiwara, Kosuke; Mitsubishi Gilles, Ralph H.; Technical Guerard, Sebastien; Rio Fecher, Jonas; Heraeus Heavy Industries Ltd., University of Munich, Tinto, Canada Japan Germany Deutschland GmbH & Guillaumont, Laurent; Co. KG, Germany Fullenwider, Blake; U.S. Army Giuliani, Finn; Imperial Alteo, France Research Laboratory, College London, United Fekete, James; Novelis, Guiton, Beth S.; University United States Kingdom United States of Kentucky, United Fenton, Kevin; TMS Furlan, Wayne; Baker Hughes, Glover, Carol F.; University of States International, United a GE Company, United Virginia, United States States Gulver, Mert; Assan States Godec, Matjaz; Institute of Aluminyum, Turkey Gadhe, Padmanabham; Metals and Technology, Fergusson, Thomas; CPL Gunnarsson, Gudmundur; A.R.C.I., India Slovenia Industries, United Innovation Center Kingdom Galicki, Daniel; BWX Godet, Stephane; Université Iceland, Iceland Fleck, Dale; Mazak Technologies, United Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium States Guo, Enyu; Dalian Megastir, United States Gong, Jicheng; Oxford University of Technology, Gancarz, Tomasz; Institute of Fody, Joshua; NASA University, United Kingdom China Metallurgy and Materials Langley Research Science, Poland Goo, Nam Hoon; Hyundai- Guo, Xian Jian; Zijin Mining Center, United States Steel Company, South Group, China Gandra, Joao; TWI Ltd., Forien, Jean-Baptiste; Korea United Kingdom Guo, Xingmin; University of Lawrence Livermore Gorman, Max; Western Science and Technology National Laboratory, Gao, Feng; BCAST, United Extrusions Corporation, Beijing, China United States Kingdom United States Guo, Zhancheng; Forsberg, Kerstin M.; Gao, Wei; University of Texas Goulas, Konstantinos; Delft University of Science KTH Royal Institute of at San Antonio, United University of Technology / and Technology Beijing, Technology, Sweden States RAMLAB, Netherlands China Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2167 Gupta, Satyapriya; Hartshorn, Devin; Honeywell Hirose, Satoshi; Honda R&D, Hwang, Sun Tae; LG Michigan State FM&T, United States Japan Electronics, South University, United States Korea Hassanipour, Meysam; Hogan, Patrick; Veloxint, Gupta, Vipul; GE Kyushu University, Japan United States Idell, Yaakov; Lawrence Research, United States Livermore National Hattricksimpers, Jason; Hogg, Benjamin; Glencore Technology, Australia Laboratory, United Guziewski, Matthew; National Institute of States U.S. Army Research Standards and Technology, Holcomb, Jim; Grid Logic Laboratory, United United States Incorporated, United States Iehara, Masato; Mitsubishi States Heavy Industries Haugland, Ingrid Bokn; Holt, Martin Victor; Argonne America, United States Haataja, Mikko P.; SINTEF, Norway National Laboratory, United Princeton University, States Ikeda, Yuji; Max- Hayamizu, Yuhei; Tokyo Planck Institut Fuer United States Holton, Corey J.; CJHx4 Institute of Technology, Eisenforschung, Consulting, United States Habibi, Hamid; Ontario Japan Germany Power Generation, Hayes, Declan; Lam Hong, Lan; Soochow Canada University, China Ishmurzin, Anton; RHI Research, United States Magnesita, Austria Hadadzadeh, Amir; Hool, Alessandra; ESM Haynie, Tim J.; Bond Issa, Inas; University of New Technologies Inc., United Foundation, Switzerland Brunswick, Canada Montanuniversitat States Horton, Linda L.; Department Leoben, Austria Hagen, Eirik; Hydro He, Jian; Clemson University, of Energy – Basic Energy Ivanov, Ilia N.; CNMS, Aluminium, Norway United States Sciences, United States Oak Ridge National Haiyan, Tang; University of Hoyer, Kay-Peter; Paderborn Laboratory, United Hebert, Daniel; HII-Newport University, Germany Science and Technology News Shipbuilding, United States Beijing, China States Hsu, Po-Chun; Duke University, United States Jaggi, Amoldeep; Haley, J; University of Hedström, Peter; KTH Royal Magotteaux Inc., United Oxford, United Kingdom Institute of Technology, Hsu, Yuchen; Toshiba States Sweden Corporation, Japan Hallai, Julian; ExxonMobil, Jang, Byung-Koog; Kyushu United States Hernandez, Efrain; U.S. Army Hu, Anming; University of University, Japan Research Laboratory, Tennessee, United States Hamed, Ahmed; Purdue Javed, Qamer; Emirates United States University, United States Huang, Xiaojing; Brookhaven Global Aluminium, National Laboratory, United Hernandez, Franz; Iowa United Arab Emirates Hamilton, Carter; Miami States State University (Ames University, United States Jensen, Wade; Arconic, Laboratory), United States Huber, Christian; University of United States Han, Kwangsik; Tohoku Vienna, Austria Hernandez, Ruben; Ellwood University, Japan Jha, Amit; Aditya Birla Aluminum, United States Huegel, David; Westinghouse Science & Technology Han, Weizhong; Xi’An Electric Co., United States Hernandez Arria, Heber; Company, India Jiaotong University, University of Texas at Hughes, Stephen; Outotec Pty. China Jia, Zhihong; Chongqing Dallas, United States Ltd., Australia University, China Harder, Ross J.; Argonne Hickey, William; Southwest Hurley, David H.; Idaho National Laboratory, Research Institute, United National Laboratory, United Jiang, Chao; Idaho United States States States National Laboratory, United States Hardin, Thomas J.; Husnuari, Muhammad; Hicks, Jason; Reynolds, PT Indonesia Asahan Massachusetts Institute United States Jiang, Peng; Dalian of Technology, United Aluminium, Indonesia Institute of Chemical States Hildreth, Owen; Colorado Hutchinson, Maxwell; Citrine Physics, China School of Mines, United Informatics, United States Hart, Gus; Brigham Young States Jiang, Wen; Idaho National University, United States Hwang, Junyeon; Korea Laboratory, United Hintsala, Eric D.; Bruker Nano Institute of Science and States Hartley, Christopher Surfaces, United States Technology, South Korea Jeffrey; Platina Jin, Shenbao; Nanjing Resources Ltd., Hirohata, Atsufumi; University Hwang, Seokmin; Hyundai University of Science Australia of York, United Kingdom Steel, South Korea and Technology, China Table of Contents 2168 TMS Welcomes New Members Jo, William; Ewha Womans Katgerman, Laurens; K.A.T., Kim, Song-Yi; Korea Institute Kuehn, Uta; IFW Dresden, University, South Korea Netherlands of Industrial Technology, Germany South Korea Johnson, David; Scandium Katsura, Yukari; University of Kuksenko, Viacheslav; U.K. International, Canada Tokyo, Japan Kim, Yoolhee; Citrine Atomic Energy Authority, Informatics, United States United Kingdom Jones, John; Air Force Kaufmann, Nicholas A.; Steel Research Laboratory, Warehouse, United States Kimura, Tomonori; Hitachi Ltd., Kumar, Pradeep; Indian Japan Institute of Technology United States Kawata, Hiroyuki; Nippon Roorkee, India Joo, Soo-Hyun; Tohoku Steel & Sumitomo Metal King, Chris; Gerdau North University, Japan Corp., Japan America, Canada Kumar, Praveen; Indian Institute of Science, Ke, Dongjie; Fuzhou Metal- King, Daniel J.M.; Imperial Joubert, Hugo; Tenova India Pyromet, South Africa New High Temp Tech Co. College London, United Ltd., China Kingdom Kurley, James Matthew; Jund, Philippe; Montpellier Oak Ridge National Ke, Jia-Hong; Oregon State Kinison, Michael; Aleris, University, France Laboratory, United University, United States United States Jung, Yeonwoong; States Keiser, James; Oak Ridge Kirchlechner, Christoph; University of Central Kutsal, Mustafacan; National Laboratory, United Max Planck Institut Fuer Florida, United States Technical University of States Eisenforschung, Germany Jung, Young Kil; Hyundai Denmark, Denmark Keles, Ozgul; Istanbul Klaumunzer, David; Steel, South Korea Kuwauchi, Yuki; Nippon Technical University, Turkey Volkswagen AG, Germany Kaban, Ivan; IFW Dresden, Steel & Sumitomo Metal Germany Kelley, Alyssa; Xtalic, United Kleppe, Nathan; Arconic, U.S.A., United States States United States Kadkhodaei, Sara; Kwak, Taeyang; Sejong University of Illinois at Kelley, Greg L.; United States Kobayashi, Hiroyuki; Hitachi University, South Korea Ltd., Japan Chicago, United States Kelly, Madeleine N.; Arconic, Laanait, Nouamane; Kolano-Burian, Aleksandra; Kai, Wu; National Taiwan United States Oak Ridge National Institute of Non-Ferrous Laboratory, United Ocean University, Keshavarz, Shahriyar; Metals, Poland States Taiwan National Institute of Standards and Technology, Komarasamy, Mageshwari; Labaj, Grzegorz; Kanakkithodi, Arun Kumar; Pacific Northwest National Argonne National United States Consolidated Precision Laboratory, United States Products, Poland Laboratory, United Khakim, Luthfil; PT Indonesia States Asahan Aluminium, Korte-Kerzel, Sandra; Lambert, Paul; Navy RWTH Aachen University, Kanemaru, Shuhei; Indonesia Surface Warfare Germany Centers - Carderock, Matheson Tri-Gas Inc., Khanal, Subarna Raj; United States United States University of Pittsburgh, Korznikova, Elena; Russian Academy of Sciences, Kang, Jungshin; Korea United States Langle, Jean-Francois; Russian Federation GE Power Norway AS, Institute of Geoscience Kikuchi, Shoichi; Shizuoka Norway and Mineral Resources, University, Japan Koschel, Diana; Constellium South Korea C-Tec, France Langston, Thomas; Paccar Kim, Hyun-Gil; Korea Atomic Technical Center, United Kang, Peter; Naval Air Energy Research Institute, Kouraytem, Nadia; University States Systems Command, South Korea of Utah, United States United States Lapointe, Francis; Sotrem- Kim, Jeoung-Han; Hanbat Kovnir, Kirill; Iowa State Maltech, Canada Kang, Youngjo; Dong-A National Univeristy, South University, United States University, South Korea Korea Kowalczyk, Maciej; Warsaw Lapouge, Pierre; PIMM - ENSAM, France Kapp, Marlene; Voestalpine Kim, Jinwoo; Massachusetts University of Technology, Wire Rod, Austria Institute of Technology, Poland Latypov, Marat I.; Karadge, Mallikarjun B.; United States Koyama, Yasuhiro; SEC University of California, Santa Barbara, United General Electric - Global Kim, Jong-Hyoung; Seoul Carbon, Japan States Research, India National University, South Krishnan, Ajay; Incodema3D, Korea Laudig, Lauren; Oxbow, Kardoulaki, Erofili; Los United States United States Alamos National Kim, Kyoungdoc; Kuang, Jian; Oryx Advanced Laboratory, United Northwestern University, Materials Inc., United Laurent, Deronne; PPG, States United States States France Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2169 Laws, Kevin J.; University Li, Bin; University of Nevada, Lin, Yirong; University of Texas Madhukar, Anupam; of New South Wales, Reno, United States at El Paso, United States University of Southern Australia California, United States Li, Bo-Shiuan; University of Liu, Geng; Tsinghua Leblanc, Saniya; George Oxford, United Kingdom University, China Maeder, Xavier; Empa, Washington University, Li, Hui; North China University Switzerland United States Liu, Huasai; Shougang Group of Science and Technology, Co. Ltd., China Maigari, Abubakar; Raw Ledonne, Jonathan; Naval China Materials Research and Liu, Jishen; Xinfa Group, Nuclear Laboratory, Li, Jing; Element Materials Development Council, China United States Technology, United States Nigeria Lee, Bin; Korea Institute of Li, Ning; Xinfa Group, China Liu, Lin; Northwestern Maity, Atanu; Hindalco Industrial Technology, Polytechnical University, Industries Ltd., India South Korea Li, Peng; Fresnel Institute, China CNRS, France Malais, Remco; Wagstaff Lee, Byeongchan; Kyung Liu, Xue; Institute of Materials, Li, Qian; Shanghai University, Inc., Netherlands Hee University, South China China Korea Malfliet, Annelies; KU Liu, Yingjie; Yancon Leuven, Belgium Li, Qiang; Shanxi Sanjin Baoshengda Industry Co. Lee, Chang Hui; RIST, Carbon Stock Co. Ltd., Ltd., China Malhotra, Akshay; Tata South Korea China International Ltd., India Lee, Jae Yel; Northwestern Li, Tong; Ruhr-University Losego, Mark D.; Georgia University, United States Bochum, Germany Institute of Technology, Mantri, Srinivas Aditya; United States University of North Lee, Jaegab; Kookmin Li, Yanjun; Norwegian Texas, United States University, South Korea University of Science and Lucas, Jacob D.; Aleris Rolled Technology, Norway Products, United States Mariaux, Aurele; Novelis Lee, Jin-Seok; Korea Switzerland SA, Lueck, Manfred; Wagstaff Inc., Institute of Energy Li, Yaqiong; University of Switzerland Research, South Korea Science and Technology United States Beijing, China Marin, Gheorghe; Quebec Luo, C.J.; University College Lee, Jung Hyun; Korea Metallurgy Center, Li, Yujie; United States London, United Kingdom Institute of Energy Canada Research, South Korea Li, Yulan; Pacific Northwest Luo, Haiwen; University of Markmann, Juergen; National Laboratory, United Science and Technology Lee, Min Ha; KITECH, Helmholtz-Zentrum States Beijing, China South Korea Geesthacht, Germany Li, Zushu; University of Luong, Dzung Dinh; New York Lee, Sangho; POSCO, Marshall, Dustin; TWB Warwick, United Kingdom University, United States South Korea Company, United States Liang, Jinglong; North China Lee, Seungjoon; JWRI, Lyu, Guo Zhi; Northeastern University of Science and Marte, Judson; Veloxint, Osaka University, Japan University, China Technology, China United States Lefebvre, Williams; Ma, Guojun; Wuhan University Liang, Zheng; United States Martinez Saez, Enrique; Universite de Rouen of Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Normandie, France Liao, Chien-Neng; National China Tsing Hua University, Laboratory, United Legros, Marc; CEMES- Taiwan Ma, Ji; University of Virginia, States CNRS, France United States Liao, Ting; Queensland Martinez-Paneda, Lehnert, Robert; TU University of Technology, Maalekian, Mehran; Mat-Tech, Emilio; University of Bergakademie Freiberg, Australia Netherlands Cambridge, United Germany Kingdom Liebscher, Christian; Max- Macha, John; Southwest Leitner, Alexander; Planck-Institut, Germany Research Institute, United Marussi, Sebastian; Montanuniversitaet Lilledahl, Rune; Umoe States University College Leoben, Austria Industries AS, Norway London, United Macrae, Allan; Macrae Kingdom Lesica, Susan M.; U.S. Lin, Chia-Wen; National Technologies Inc., United Department of Energy, Chung Hsing University, States Maruyama, Benji; U.S. Air United States Taiwan Force, United States Maddali, Siddharth; Argonne Lewittes, Ben; Bellus Lin, Peng; Purdue University, National Laboratory, United Masaki, Kunitaka; IHI Ventures, United States United States States Corporation, Japan Table of Contents 2170 TMS Welcomes New Members Maskaly, Garry; Los Meyer, Axel; Riftec GmbH, Mruthunjayappa, Rajaprakash Ngo, Dinh Bao Nam; Alamos National Germany Belagavi; Bangalore Helmholtz-Zentrum Laboratory, United Michelic, Susanne K.; University, India Geesthacht, Germany States Montanuniversitaet Mulder, Albert; Trimet Nguyen-Manh, Duc; U.K. Mathis, Kristian; Nuclear Leoben, Austria Aluminium SE, Germany Atomic Energy Authority, United Kingdom Physics Institute of the Miller, Cody A.; Los Alamos CAS, Czech Republic Munhoz, Antonio; National Laboratory, United Universidade Presbiteriana Nicolas, Combe; CEMES - Matlack, Kathryn H.; States Mackenzie, Brazil UPR 8011, France University of Illinois at Milligan, Alexandra; Rolls- Niu, Changning; QuesTek Urbana-Champaign, Murugan, Srinivasan; Dhofar Royce, United Kingdom University, Oman Innovations LLC, United United States States Minagawa, Akihiro; UACJ Murugesan, Sankaran; Baker Matos, Sergio; Albras, Nizet, Louis; RFTS LLC, Corporation, Japan Hughes, United States Brazil United States Miranda, Yuri; CBMM, Brazil Matsushita, Muneo; JFE Mushinski, Ken; General Nolas, George S.; Steel Corporation, Mitchell, John A.; Sandia Atomics, United States University of South Japan National Laboratories, Florida, United States United States Mushongera, Leslie T.; Mayo, Michael; PPG, University of Nevada, Nygren, Kelly E.; United States Mittler, Tim; Technical Reno, United States Cornell High Energy University of Munich, Synchrotron Source, Mayrhofer, Paul H.; TU Germany Myers, Lance; Alcoa, Australia Wien, Austria United States N. Esmaeely, Saba; The Ohio Miyake, Junji; JX Nippon Obiso, Daniele; CIC Mc Dougall, Isobel; Tenova State University, United Mining and Metals, Japan Virtuhcon, TUBAF, South Africa, South States Africa Moen, Lasse; Impec AS, Germany Norway Nagai, Takashi; Chiba Institute Ofori-Opoku, Nana; McCormick, Michael; Mac of Technology, Japan Canadian Nuclear Valves Inc., United Mohamed Ariff, Azmah Hanim; Laboratories, Canada States University Putra Malaysia, Nagami, Yuya; IHI Malaysia Corporation, Japan Oh, Ik-Hyun; Korea McFalls, Travis; BWXT, Institute of Industrial United States Molina-Aldareguia, Jon; Nait-Ali, Azdine; ENSMA, IMDEA Materials Institute, France Technology, South McHood, Jason; Airgas Spain Korea Najmaei, Sina; U.S. Army USA LLC, United States Ohno, Ko-Ichiro; Kyushu Mompiou, Frederic; CEMES- Research Laboratory, University, Japan McMurtrey, Michael; Idaho CNRS, France United States National Laboratory, Oishi, Tetsuo; National United States Montenegro, Joshua A.; Nakamura, Heri; CBA, Brazil Conecsus LLC, United Institute of Advanced Meher, Subhashish; Idaho States Nam, Ho-Seok; Kookmin Industrial Science and National Laboratory, University, South Korea Technology, Japan United States Moon, Suk-Chun; University of Wollongong, Australia Narang, Prineha; Harvard Okello, Alfred; GE Additive, Mendonca, Samuel F.; University, United States United States Bisley & Company Moore, Emily; Lawrence Livermore National Nascimento, Lucio; Military Ollerton, Bill E.; Airgas, Pty Ltd., United Arab Air Liquide Company, Emirates Laboratory, United States Institute of Engineering, Brazil United States Meng, Wen Jin; Louisiana Moridi, Atieh; Cornell University, United States Olmsted, David L.; State University, United Nashed, Youssef; Argonne University of California, States Morin, Derek; Department of National Laboratory, United Berkeley, United States Energy, United States States Menghani, Jyoti; SVNIT, O’Masta, Mark; HRL India Morisada, Yoshiaki; Osaka Nayak, Suryakant; Hindalco Laboratories LLC, University, Japan Industries Ltd., India Merle, Benoit; University United States Erlangen (FAU), Moser, Alex E.; Naval Nelson, George J.; University Ortega, Luis Humberto; Germany Research Laboratory, of Alabama in Huntsville, Texas A&M University, United States United States United States Messner, Mark C.; Argonne National Laboratory, Mougin, Karine; IS2M-CNRS, Ng, Boon-Chai; Andrews Ossa, Alex; Universidad United States France University, United States Eafit, Colombia Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2171 Ott, David; Stryker, United Park, Sung Soo; UNIST, South Pollard, Richard; Shell Int. Radhakrishnan, Madhavan; States Korea E&P, United States University of New Mexico, United States Ouaziz, Ghita; Shawinigan Park, Taejoon; The Ohio State Pollmann, Frank; Taha Aluminium, Canada University, United States International Corp., United Rahman, Aowabin; States University of Utah, Oyama, Kenji; Hitachi Pastore, Giovanni; Idaho United States Metals America, United National Laboratory, United Pomerantseva, Ekaterina; States States Drexel University, United Rajgire, Shanmukh; Aditya States Birla Science and Özkaya, Fahrettin; IFUM, Patel, Vikas K.; Arcelormittal Global R&D, United States Technology Company Germany Popelar, Carl; Southwest Private Limited, India Research Institute, United Paek, Min-Kyu; Aalto Patel, Vivek; Northwestern Polytechnical University, States Ramakrishnan, Anbalagan; University, Finland National Tsing Hua China Popov, Dmitry; Argonne Pak, Jong-Jin; Hanyang University, Taiwan National Laboratory, United University, South Korea Patridge, Christopher J.; D’Youville College, United States Ramirez Flores, Benjamin; Palasyuk, Andriy; Ames Naval Nuclear States Prabhakar, Pavana; University Laboratory, United Laboratory, United of Wisconsin-Madison, States Paubel, Xavier; Air Liquide, States France United States Palchoudhury, Soubantika; Ravichandran, Jayakanth; Preston, Thomas J.; Insitutt for University of Tennessee Paulin, Irena; Institute of United States Energiteknikk, Norway at Chattanooga, United Metals and Technology, Slovenia Ravula, Vijay; International States Pro, Will; McGill University, Advanced Research Canada Palkovic, Steven; Perez-Nunez, Delia; Texas Centre for Powder Massachusetts A&M University, United Provatas, Nikolas; McGill Metallurgy and New Materials Technologies, States University, Canada Materials, India United States Petersen, Stephan; GTT- Pucci, Antonio; Rio Tinto Rebouillat, Olivier; Liberty Technologies, Germany Palla Venkata, Sivaprasad; Growth and Innovation, Aluminium Dunkerque, SMT R&D, Sweden Petre, Marin; Alro, Romania Canada France Pan, Yayue; University Petrie, Christian; Oak Ridge Pun, Simon; Divergent Reger, Nina; Arconic, of Illinois at Chicago, National Laboratory, United Technologies, United United States United States States States Regl, Katharina; AMAG Panias, Dimitrios; National Pettersson, Niklas; KTH Royal Pyczak, Florian; Helmholtz- Rolling GmbH, Austria Technical University of Institute of Technology, Zentrum Geesthacht, Regos, Emma; CSIRO, Athens, Greece Sweden Germany Australia Pardeshi, Ravindra T.; Pezel, Vladimir; Elsevier, Pyles, Ben; Rhenium Alloys, Reichardt, Gerd; Institute Aditya Birla Science & United States United States for Metal Forming Technology C P Ltd., Phillpot, Simon R.; University Qinggele, Jirigele; Shougang Technology, Germany India of Florida, United States Group, China Reiss, Rebecca; New Park, Alison M.; Aerojet Pillay, Beverley A.; South32, Qiu, Guibao; Chongqing Mexico Institute of Rocketdyne, United South Africa University, China Mining and Technology, States United States Pimblott, Simon; Idaho Qiu, Pengfei; Shanghai Park, Hyun-Kuk; Korea Ren, Weili; Shanghai National Laboratory, United Institute of Ceramics, Institute of Industrial University, China States Chinese Academy of Technology, South Korea Pipala, Jadwiga; CPP Poland, Sciences, China Renn, Michael; Optomec, Park, Jin Man; Samsung United States Poland Qu, Xuanhui; University of Electronics Co. Ltd., Science and Technology Restrepo, David; University South Korea Plecker, Joy; SpaceX, United States Beijing, China of Texas at San Antonio, Park, Jin-Seong; Hanyang United States Polak, Jaroslav; Institute of Que, Zhongping; Brunel University, South Korea Physics of Materials ASCR, University London, United Reyes, Luis; Universidad Park, Myeong-Heom; Kyoto Czech Republic Kingdom Autónoma de Nuevo University, Japan León, Mexico Polak, Christian; Quek, Siu Sin; Institute of High Park, Nokeun; Yeungnam Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Performance Computing, Reynolds, Mark; Pyrotek, University, South Korea Co. KG, Germany Singapore United States Table of Contents 2172 TMS Welcomes New Members Rezaei Farkoosh, Amir; Rovinelli, Andrea; Argonne Sathiaraj Gunasekaran, Dan; Severs, Kevin R.; Northwestern University, National Laboratory, United Dresden University of Allegheny Technologies United States States Technology, Germany Incorporated, United States Richard, Gerald; Magma Rudin, Sven; Los Alamos Sauvage, Xavier; Universite Foundry Technologies National Laboratory, United Rouen Normandie, France Sharghi, Reza; ATI, United Inc., United States States States Scarlat, Raluca; University of Rihl, David; Gerdau North Rueger, Zachariah; Honeywell California, Berkeley, United Sharp, Peter; Australian America, Canada FM&T, United States States Department of Defence, Australia Robertson, Christian; CEA/ Ruzic, Jovana; Bulgarian Schaper, Mirko; Paderborn Saclay, France Academy of Sciences, University, Germany Shen, Leiting; Aalto Bulgaria University, Finland Rockstroh, Michael; RIA Schmidl, Juergen; RHI Cast House Engineering Rye, Ketil A.; Alcoa, Norway Magnesita, Austria Shen, Wen; University GmbH, Germany of Texas at Arlington, Safari Loaliyan, Soheil; Schmiedel, Alexander; TU Roervik, Stein; Sintef United States Massachusetts Materials Bergakademie Freiberg, Industry, Norway Technologies, United Germany Shen, Yongfeng; States Rogl, Gerda; CDL Northeastern University, Schnittker, Andreas; Cobex University of Vienna, Sahasrabudhe, Himanshu; China GmbH, Germany Austria Michigan State University, Sheppard, Thomas; United States Schoeler, Simon; Leibniz Rogl, Peter F.; Universitaet Karlsruhe Institute of University Hanover, Wien, Austria Saito, Norizo; Osaka Technology, Germany Prefecture University, Germany Rolandi, Marco; University Shi, Hengjun; Xinfa Group, Japan Scholl, Sebastian; Dillinger of California, Santa China Cruz, United States Saito, Takeshi; Hydro Huettenwerke, Germany Shi, Qingyu; Tsinghua Romanov, Vyacheslav; Aluminium, Norway Schrijvers, Dieuwertje; University, China National Energy Saito, Tomonori; Oak Ridge University of Bordeaux, Technology Laboratory, National Laboratory, United France Shin, Hyunjung; United States States Schuler, Thomas; CEA, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea Rombach, Georg; Hydro Salloum, Georges; France Aluminium Rolled Constellium C-Tec, France Schwiedrzik, Johann Jakob; Shin, Sangwoo; University Products, Germany of Hawaii at Manoa, Salonitis, Konstantinos; Empa, Switzerland United States Romfo, Alf Inge; Hydro Cranfield University, United Scully, John R.; University of Aluminium, Norway Kingdom Virginia, United States Shin, Se Eun; Sunchon Rondinella, Vincenzo V.; Samimi, Peyman; GE National University, JRC-EC, Germany Transportation, United Seetharaman, Sridhar; South Korea States Colorado School of Mines, Ronevich, Joseph; Sandia United States Shiratori, Seimei; Keio National Laboratories, Sangar, Dinesh; Sohar University, Japan United States Aluminium, Oman Seita, Matteo; Nanyang Technological University, Shrivastava, Amber; Indian Rose, Scott A.; The Boeing Sangjun, Park; Samsung Singapore Institute of Technology Company, United States Electronics, South Korea Bombay, India Seker, Erkin; University of Ross, Kenneth A.; Pacific Santangelo, Derek; Hatch, Shunmugasamy, Vasanth Northwest National California, Davis, United Canada States Chakravarthy; Texas Laboratory, United A&M University at Qatar, States Santini, Talitha; University of Sellers, Kaleb; Oxbow Qatar Western Australia, Australia Rostamian, Amin; Novamet Calcining International LLC, United States Shutthanandan, Sarl, Switzerland Santra, Sangeeta; University Vaithiyalingam; Pacific of Oxford, United Kingdom Roth, David; GPS Global Seo, Seok-Jun; Korea Institute Northwest National Solutions, United States Sapochak, Linda; National of Industrial Technology, Laboratory, United Science Foundation, United South Korea States Rottmann, Paul F.; States University of California, Serra, Anna; Polytechnic Silling, Stewart A.; Sandia Santa Barbara, United Sarraf, Alireza; Lam Research, University of Catalonia, National Laboratories, States United States Spain United States Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2173 Simbolon, Parlindungan; Sowayed, Mohammed; Qatar Sun, Lirong; Azimuth Texier, Damien; CNRS-ICA- PT Indonesia Asahan Aluminum Company Corporation, United States IMT Mines Albi, France Aluminium, Indonesia (Qatalum), Qatar Sun, Yiwei; University of Thibeault, Francis; Simizu, Satoru; Carnegie Speck, James S.; University of California, Riverside, Shawinigan Aluminium, Mellon University, United California, Santa Barbara, United States Canada United States States Sundararaman, Ravishankar; Thilly, Ludovic; University of Simo-Pekka, Hannula V.; Spiecker, Erdmann; University Rensselaer Polytechnic Poitiers, France Aalto University, Finland Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute, United States Germany Thimont, Yohan; University Simsiriwong, Jutima; Sutton, Scott; Mag Specialties Toulouse III Paul Srinivasan, Bharathi M.; University of North Inc., United States Sabatier, France Institute of High Florida, United States Performance Computing, Tabor, Christopher; U.S. Air Thomas, Patrick; Honeywell Sinclair, Chad W.; Singapore Force, United States FM&T, United States University of British Stanescu, Cristian Theodor; Tack, Troy; Tactical Alloys, Tian, Mengkun; Georgia Columbia, Canada Alro, Romania United States Institute of Technology, United States Singer, Zachary; Bellus Steczkowska-Kem, Takahashi, Jun; Nippon Steel Ventures, United States Magdalena; Institute of & Sumitomo Metal Co., Tian, Sicong; Macquarie Non-Ferrous Metals, Japan University, Australia Singh, Arunima K.; Arizona Poland State University, United Tallman, Darin, J.; United Tian, Ye; Johns Hopkins States Stephenson, Leigh T.; Max States University, United States Planck Institute for Iron Tan, Engin; Pamukkale Tindall, Elli; Novelis, United Singh, David; University of Research, Germany Missouri, United States University, Turkey States Stoica, Mihai; ETH Zurich, Tarleton, Edmund; University Singh, Saransh; Lawrence Switzerland Ton-That, Laurent; Livermore National of Oxford, United Kingdom Research Institute of Stojakovic, Dejan; James Hydro-Quebec, Canada Laboratory, United Tasche, Lennart; Paderborn Avery, United States States University, Germany Toishi, Keigo; JFE Steel, Slocik, Joseph M.; UES, Stone, Tyler; Honeywell FM&T, Japan United States Tatar, Samantha; Honeywell Inc./Air Force Research FM&T, United States Tomita, Noriyuki; Daido Laboratory, United Stroemsvaag, Aage; Hydro Steel America Inc., States Aluminium, Norway Taylor, Caitlin; Sandia National Laboratories, United States United States Snyder, David; Molex LLC, Strumpell, John; Framatome, Toparli, Cigdem; United States United States Taylor, Christopher David; DNV GL, United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United Soghrati, Soheil; The Ohio Su, Qing; University of Taylor, Helen Louise; Rolls- States State University, United Nebraska-Lincoln, United Royce, United Kingdom States States Towsey, Nicholas; Trimet, Taylor, Scott; WMG, University Germany Soisson, Frederic; CEA Sugiyama, Kenji; Northwestern University, of Warwick, United Saclay, France Kingdom Tran, Huan; Georgia United States Institute of Technology, Song, Guang-Ling; Xiamen Suh, Jin-Yoo; Korea Institute Tayon, Wesley A.; NASA United States University, China of Science and Technology, Langley Research Center, United States Traylor, Cody; Plymouth Song, Lijun; Hunan South Korea Engineered Shapes, University, China Suhuddin, Uceu; Helmholtz Tenorio, Jorge Alberto; United States Song, Min Kyu; Washington Zentrum Geesthacht, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Tremblay, Martin; Idea State University, United Germany Controle Inc., Canada States Sui, Jingxin; Abo Akademi Terada, Shohei; Hitachi Ltd., Tropeano, Anthony; TT University, Finland Japan Sonnemann, Guido; Consulting Inc., United University of Bordeaux, Sukenaga, Sohei; Tohoku Terada, Yayoi; IMR, Tohoku States France University, Japan University, Japan Tsesmelis, Katy; Sorenson, Robert; Sulejmanovic, Dino; Oak Tesfahunegn, Yonatan International Aluminium Ultradent Products Inc., Ridge National Laboratory, Afework; Reykjavik Institute, United United States United States University, Iceland Kingdom Table of Contents 2174 TMS Welcomes New Members Tszeng, Calvin; Santa Clara Viland, Greg; Redwave - US Wang, Michael Cai; University White, Seth; Honeywell University, United States LLC, United States of South Florida, United FM&T, United States States Tundal, Ulf, Håkon, Hydro, Villechaise, Patrick; Institut Wiik, Linda; Hydro, Norway Norway Pprime CNRS, France Wang, Qi; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United Wijayaratne, Hasini N.; Turgut, Zafer; Wright Voelker, Bernhard; RWTH States University of Auckland, Patterson Air Force Aachen, Germany New Zealand Base, United States Wang, Ran; Xinfa Group, Voigt, Claudia; Institute China Wilkerson, Justin Wayne; Tzanakis, Iakovos; Oxford of Ceramic, Glass and Texas A&M University, Brookes University, Construction Materials, Wang, Shuai; Southern United States United Kingdom Germany University of Science and Technology, China Wilson, Robert; CSIRO, Ucar, Huseyin; California Voigt, Paul; Glencore Australia State Polytechnic Wang, Tianhao; Pacific Technology, Australia Winter, Ian; University of University, Pomona, Northwest National California, Berkeley, United States Volkert, Cynthia A.; University Laboratory, United States United States of Goettingen, Germany Wang, Weiling; Northeastern Ueshima, Minoru; Daicel Voltz, Christophe J.M.; CEA, University, China Wiss, Thierry; European Corp., Japan Commission - JRC, France Wang, Xiaodu; University Ungarish, Ziv; NRCN, Israel Germany Von Kaenel, Rene; Kan-Nak of Texas at San Antonio, Vadlamani, Sai; Intel SA, Switzerland United States Wollmershauser, James Corporation, United Wang, Xudong; Zhengzhou A.; Naval Research Voyer, Pierre-Luc; Rio Tinto, States Jingwei Technology, China Laboratory, United Canada States Vainio, Emil; Abo Akademi Wang, Yachao; University of University, Finland Vukovic, Goran; Rhimagnesita, Cincinnati, United States Woodcock, Thomas G.; Austria IFW Dresden, Germany Valtierra, Salvador; Great Wang, Yongqiang; Los Alamos Wall Motors, China Wagener, Rainer; Fraunhofer National Laboratory, United Worrell, Rose; Taylor & LBF, Germany States Francis, United Kingdom Van De Walle, Axel; Brown University, United States Wallace, Terryl A.; NASA Ward, Logan T.; University of Wu, Shengli; University of Langley Research Center, Chicago, United States Science and Technology Vasoya, Manish L.; Texas United States Beijing, China A&M University, United Wasmuht, Christian; P-D States Walsh, Tiffany; Deakin Refractories GmbH, Wu, Xiaolei; Institute of University, Australia Germany Mechanics, Chinese Vaughan, James W.; Academy of Sciences, University of Wang, Chaohong; National Watanabe, Chihiro; Kanazawa China Queensland, Australia Chung Cheng University, University, Japan Wyrobek, Dorota; CPP Taiwan Wegner, Matthias; Heraeus Venkataraman, Prasanna; Poland, Poland Deutschland, Germany University of Virginia, Wang, Gui; University of United States Queensland, Australia Weinberger, Thomas; Stirtec Xi, Tong; Institute of Metal GmbH, Austria Research, China Vertongen, Koen; Umicore, Wang, Guocheng; University Xian, Jingwei; Imperial Belgium of Science and Technology Wells, Douglas; NASA/ Liaoning, China Marshall Space Flight College London, United Veysset, David; Center, United States Kingdom Wang, Haijuan; University of Massachusetts Institute Xiao, Kai; Oak Ridge of Technology, United Science and Technology Wen, Wei; Arconic, United Beijing, China States National Laboratory, States United States Wen, Youhai; National Energy Vicharapu, Buchibabu; Wang, Jiangwei; Zhejiang University, China Technology Laboratory, Xiao, Xianghui; Osaka University, Japan United States Brookhaven National Wang, Larry; Global Advanced Laboratory, United Vieira, Carlos; State Metals, United States Weston, Leigh; Lawrence States University of the North Berkeley National Fluminense, Brazil Wang, Lei; University of British Laboratory, United States Xie, Degang; Xian Jiaotong Columbia, Canada University, China Vijaykumar, Rajgopal; U.S. Wetegrove, Henrik; Claudius Department of Energy, Wang, Liang; General Motors, Peters Americas Inc., Xie, Kelvin; Texas A&M United States United States United States University, United States Table of Contents TMS Welcomes New Members 2175 Xu, Ben; Tsinghua Yanling, Zhang; University of Zayachuk, Yevhen; University Zhao, Yuchen; North University, China Science and Technology of Oxford, United Kingdom Carolina State Beijing, China University, United States Xu, Jianhui; University of Zecevic, Miroslav; Los Alamos Kentucky, United States Yarrington, Cole; Sandia National Laboratory, United Zhao, Zhixing; Shougang National Laboratories, States Group, China Xu, Yaxin; Northwestern United States Polytechnical Zeng, Ya-Nan; North China Zheng, Tianxiang; University, United Yasinskiy, Andrey; Siberian University of Science and Shanghai University, States Federal University, Russian Technology, China China Federation Zhong, Ming; Carnegie Xu, Zhiyue; Baker Zeng, Yifei; ExxonMobil Mellon University, United Hughes, a GE Yi, Jun; Shanghai University, Upstream Research States Company, United China Company, United States States Yi, Li; Institute of Metal Zhou, Tihe; Stelco Inc., Zhang, Fuming; Shougang Canada Xue, Jiajia; Georgia Research, Chinese Group, China Institute of Technology, Academy of Sciences, Zhou, Xiao-Dong; United States China Zhang, Gang; Xinfa Group, University of Louisiana China at Lafayette, United Xue, Qingguo; University Yin, Hongbin; Arcelormittal States of Science and Global R&D, United States Zhang, Hongwen; Indium Technology Beijing, Corporation, United States Zhou, Yizhang; University of Yokota, Yuui; Tohoku California, Irvine, United China Zhang, Jiaquan; University of University, Japan States Science and Technology Yamada, Rui; Tohoku Yoo, Jinkyoung; Los Alamos Beijing, China Zhou, Youdong; General University, Japan National Laboratory, United Electric - Research, Zhang, Jinsuo; Virginia Yamada, Ryo; Tohoku States United States Polytechnic Institute and University, Japan Yoon, Jonghun; Hanyang State University, United Zhu, Tiejun; Zhejiang Yamakov, Vesselin I.; University ERICA, South States University, China National Institute of Korea Zhang, Mingxing; University of Zhu, Xinkun; Kunming Aerospace, United Yoshikawa, Akira; IMR, Tohoku Queensland, Australia University of Science States University, Japan and Technology, China Zhang, Tingping; Shanxi Yamamoto, Hajime; Zhu, Yuman; Monash Youk, Kikyung; Samsung Liangyu Carbon Co. Ltd., Joining and Welding University, Australia Display Co. Ltd, South China Research Institute, Korea Zhu, Yunhui; Virginia Japan Zhang, Weilong; United Polytechnic Institute and Youn, Jeong Il; Sungkyunkwan Technologies Research Yan, Feng; Southern State University, United University, South Korea Center, United States University of Science States Young, Steven; University of and Technology, China Zhang, Xiang; Coventry Zhu, Zhiguang; Simtech, Waterloo, Canada University, United Kingdom Yang, Hong; Helmholtz- United States Yu, Cunjiang; University of Zentrum Geesthacht, Zhang, Yanwen; Oak Ridge Houston, United States Zhukov, Ilya; Tomsk State Germany National Laboratory, United University, Russian States Federation Yang, Shizhong; Southern Yu, Qian; Zhejiang University, China University and A&M Zhang, Zhihui; Baker Hughes, Zimina, Mariia; Research College, United States Yu, Xiangtao; University of a GE Company, United Centre Rez Ltd., Czech Science and Technology States Republic Yang, Wen; University Beijing, China of Science and Zhao, Dongdong; Norwegian Zou, Min; General Electric Technology Beijing, Yue, Xiaowei; Virginia University of Science and Company, United States China Polytechnic Institute, United Technology, Norway Zou, Yu; University of States Yang, Xiao; University of Zhao, Haidong; South China Toronto, Canada Tokyo, Japan Zackiewicz, Przemyslaw; University of Technology, Zuo, Haibin; University of Insitute of Non-Ferrous China Science and Technology Yanhui, Sun; University Metals, Poland Beijing, China of Science and Zhao, Yanchun; Lanzhou Technology Beijing, Zagar, Goran; Tag Heuer, University of Technology, Zweiacker, Kai W.; Empa, China Switzerland China Switzerland Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03569-7 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society JO TMS meeting headlines themagazine View all upcoming meetings online at www.tms.org/Meetings. Other Meetings of Note September 29–October 3, 2019 TMS Metallurgical and Oregon Convention Center Materials Engineering Portland, Oregon, USA Professional Engineer Late News Poster Session Abstract (P.E.) Licensing Exam September 8–11, 2019 Deadline: August 1, 2019 Review Course University of Birmingham Edgbaston www.matscitech.org Park Hotel and Conference Centre August 14–17, 2019 • $/DWH1HZV3RVWHU6HVVLRQKDVEHHQ Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Birmingham, UK DGGHGWRWKHSURJUDP7REHFRQVLGHUHG USA Discount Registration Deadline: IRUWKLVVHVVLRQVXEPLW\RXUZRUG August 2, 2019 SRVWHUDEVWUDFWE\$XJXVW Copper 2019 www.tms.org/LMPC2019 August 18–21, 2019 • The 2019 Liquid Metal Processing & Vancouver, Canada Casting Conference (LMPC 2019) is a 19th International forum for the exchange of ideas in the Conference on ¿HOGVRIOLTXLGPHWDOFDVWLQJSURFHVVLQJ Environmental and remelting. Degradation of Materials • /03& ZLOOLQFOXGHWKHWRSLFDO July 26–31, 2020 in Nuclear Power area of liquid metal behavior in additive The Ohio State University Systems–Water Reactors PDQXIDFWXULQJSURFHVVHV Columbus, Ohio, USA • August 18–22, 2019 A blend of academic and industrial Abstract Submission Deadline: SDSHUVZLOOEHSUHVHQWHGHQFRPSDVVLQJ Boston, Massachusetts, August 1, 2019 DGYDQFHVLQFRQWUROVDQGSURFHVV USA www.tms.org/ICTP2020 VLPXODWLRQLQJRWGHIHFWIRUPDWLRQDQG • The breadth of the metal forming The 10th Pacific Rim FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQVWXGLHVDQGPRUH community will convene at the 13th International Conference ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQWKH on Advanced Materials 7HFKQRORJ\RI3ODVWLFLW\ ,&73 and Processing August 18–22, 2019 Xi’an, China September 9–13, 2019 11th International Hydro Aluminium AS Årdal Conference on Porous Årdal, Norway Metals and Metallic Foams www.tms.org/Anode2019 (MetFoam 2019) • &KULVWRSKHU.XKQW5$,1&DUERQ,QF September 13–17, 2020 August 20–23, 2019 has joined four other instructors to teach Seven Springs Mountain Resort Dearborn, Michigan, USA the TMS Anode Technology for the Seven Springs, Pennsylvania, USA TMS Industrial Aluminum $OXPLQXP,QGXVWU\&RXUVH/HDUQPRUH Abstract Submission Deadline: Electrolysis Course about each of these leading industry July 31, 2019 (IAE 19) H[SHUWVRQWKH,QVWUXFWRUVSDJHRIWKH www.tms.org/Superalloys2020 November 10–14, 2019 course website. • 7HFKQLFDOWRSLFVIRUWKLVV\PSRVLXP Askar, Kingdom of Bahrain • ,PSURYHHI¿FLHQF\DQGDQRGH ZLOOLQFOXGHEXWDUHQRWOLPLWHGWR DOOR\ SHUIRUPDQFHE\WDNLQJWKLVSUDFWLFDO GHYHORSPHQWSURFHVVLQJPHFKDQLFDO TMS 2020 Annual Meeting RSHUDWLRQVIRFXVHGFRXUVH7KH706 EHKDYLRUFRDWLQJVHQYLURQPHQWDO and Exhibition (TMS2020) Anode Technology for the Aluminum HIIHFWVDQGWHFKQRORJLHVWKDWFRQWULEXWH February 23–27, 2020 ,QGXVWU\&RXUVHZLOOSUHVHQWSUDFWLFDO WRLPSURYLQJWKHPDQXIDFWXUDELOLW\ San Diego, California, USA WRSLFVLQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIDQRGHV DIIRUGDELOLW\OLIHSUHGLFWLRQDQG such as rodding and fume control. SHUIRUPDQFHRIVXSHUDOOR\V 2176 Table of Contents JOM, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03570-0 Ó 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society call for papers JO JOM is seeking contributions on the following topics for 2020. For thejournal the full Editorial Calendar, along with author instructions, visit www.tms.org/EditorialCalendar. January 2020: Topic: Advanced Characterization and Testing Manuscript Deadline: August 1, 2019 of Irradiated Materials Scope: This topic focuses on the characterization and Topic: Design, Development, Manufacturing, and testing of radiation-affected materials through scanning and Applications of Refractory Metals and Materials transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, Scope: This topic encompasses the latest advances in the micro-mechanical testing, x-ray diffraction, etc. design, development, manufacturing, and applications of Guest Editors: Dhriti Bhattacharyya, Fan Zhang, and refractory materials, including metals, alloys, carbides, Peter Hosemann nitrides and borides, and more. Papers are invited on topics Sponsors: Advanced Characterization, Testing, and including experimental and theoretical research of the Simulation Committee and Nuclear Materials Committee process-microstructure-property relationship in refractory metals and materials. Guest Editors: Ravi Enneti and Chai Ren February 2020: Sponsors: Surface Engineering Committee and Steels Manuscript Deadline: September 1, 2019 Committee Topic: 7th European Conference on Renewable Topic: ICME-Based Design and Optimization of Energy Systems Materials for Additive Manufacturing Scope: This special topic will publish invited papers Scope: Papers will be solicited in the following areas: presented at the 7th European Conference on Renewable • 0DFKLQHOHDUQLQJDQGDUWL¿FLDOLQWHOOLJHQFHHQDEOHG Energy Systems. The areas of coverage will include additive manufacturing (AM) modeling techniques semiconducting materials, alloys, and composites in • Modeling and simulation of AM process to understand energy applications. In addition, submissions related the process-structure-property relationship to synthesis and characterization of materials for solar • Modeling of morphology evolution, phase energy, wind energy, fuel cells, and energy storage transformation, and defect formation in AM parts materials are welcome. • Modeling of residual stress, distortion, plasticity/ Guest Editors: Shadia J. Ikhmayies and H. Hilal Kurt damage in AM parts Sponsors: Invited • Multiscale/multiphysics modeling strategies, including any or all of the scales associated with the Tools for JOM Authors and Volunteers spatial, temporal, and/or material domains Visit jom.tms.org to access manuscript preparation • CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams)-based guidelines and information on how you can become method for AM material informatics involved as a JOM peer reviewer. JOM advisors will also Guest Editor: Jing Zhang find tools to support them in managing a JOM topic. Sponsors: Additive Manufacturing Committee and For further information on contributing to JOM, contact ICME Committee JOM Editor Maureen Byko at [email protected]. 2177 PLAN NOW TO EXHIBIT February 23-27, 2020 • San Diego, California, USA #TMSAnnualMeeting The Exhibit Hall is Open February 24–26, 2020 The TMS 2020 Annual Meeting & Exhibition (TMS2020) returns to San Diego—where it broke the TMS all-time attendance record Don’t miss this in 2017. TMS2020 will feature two poster sessions, numerous opportunity to be a networking opportunities, and lunch breaks for all attendees in the dynamic Exhibit Hall. part of another historic TMS Annual Meeting & Additionally, TMS2020 will host the 9th Exhibition! International Symposium on Lead and Zinc Processing (PbZn 2020)—considered the CONTACT US TO leading technical forum of its kind! RESERVE YOUR BOOTH SPACE TODAY: EXHIBIT DETAILS Rate: $2,700 USD per 10’x10’ (100sqft) booth Gavin McAuliffe Plus $4,150 USD per exposed corner TMS2020 Exhibit Manager Corcoran Expositions Inc. Booth Package Includes: [email protected] • One full-conference registration and two Exhibit Hall only 1-312-265-9649 registrations per 10’x10’ (100sqft) reserved • Pre- and post-show opt-in attendee registration lists for one- time use • Inclusion in the TMS2020 Final Program • 8’ back and 3’ side drape (inline booths) • Access to the Exhibitor Lounge • Access to the all-conference plenary session Additional benefits for the Exhibit Hall are still under development—check the TMS2020 exhibit website at www.tms.org/TMS2020Exhibit regularly for more information on special events and activities, an interactive floorplan, and more. 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