$2.00 October 1987 For over 45 years, Jeeps engine in its class. have conquered some of the worst And Cherokee is still the It’s Easy And Quick roads in the world, and some of only sport/utility ever to sweep Just call, telex, or mail the the best. “4 X 4 of the Year” honors from postage-paid reply card bound You can take on the all three leading US off-road into this magazine. You’ll get a particular driving challenges of publications! prompt, accurate response, and your next point of duty behind Jeep Wrangler you can order your new Jeep for the wheel of your new Jeep—and delivery anywhere in the world be ready for whatever the local Need diplomatic immunity at special preferred diplomatic conditions can dish out. from “civilization”? Get away prices. from it all in a Jeep Wrangler. Jeep Cherokee & Wagoneer Explore your next duty In the U.S.A.: Need room for your own station in today’s Wrangler, Jeep Diplomatic Sales personal diplomatic corps? and experience the get-away- Jeep/Eagle Division Cherokee gives you a choice of 2 from-it-all 4 wheel drive 27777 Franklin Road or 4 doors, 2 or 4 wheel drive, revolution for yourself...in more Southfield, Ml. 48034 and the most powerful optional comfort than you imagined. Toll Free Telephone: 1-800-654-1084 Overseas Telex: #221623 MILCA-UR Att: Jeep Diplomatic Sales or Telephone: (516) 496-1806 Eagle Jeep. os>p Jeep Diplomatic Sales Official Sponsor 1988 U.S. Olympic Team A Division Of Chrysler Motors Guess what The "All-Risk” AFSA Plan Personal Property Floater is still only 75C per $100 of coverage. This rate hasn’t increased since 1974. It also includes the replacement value. The AFSA Plan has been specifically designed for, and is available only to members of the American Foreign Service Association on active service abroad. Write or call for our free brochure. r i I AFSA Desk | ■ The Hirshorn Company _ 14 East Highland Avenue I Philadelphia, PA19118 g Telephone: 215-242-8200* | Please send me your free brochure (with a built-in application form) that answers | _ my questions about overseas insurance. Name The AFSA Plan is underwritten I by the International Department, I Federal Insurance Company, one ofthe * Address. Chubb Group of Insurance Companies. | This advertisement is descriptive, only. _ The precise coverage afforded ■ is subject to the terms, conditions I and exclusions of the policy as issued. * | *ln the Washington, D.C. area, call202-457-0250. L-- « J CONTENTS The Art of Diplomacy 25 Christopher J. McMullen How Ellsworth Bunker forged agreements where failure seemed inevitable Prose and Cons 31 Cover: No one was selling tee-shirts with George Life in diplomacy overseas as Shultz’s picture on it, but for many observers the most dramatic moment at the congressional seen by two Foreign Service poets Iran-contra committees’ hearings was the per¬ formance of an outraged secretary of state putting diplomacy back on a moral plane. Shultz emerged Standing at the Crossroads 32 from the hearings with his opponents in disarray and a new mandate to lead the administration’s Jim Anderson foreign policy. Our story on a secretary standing at the crossroads of history, along with excerpts George Shultz’s influence has never been from his testimony, starts on page 32. greater, but he has yet to make his mark Journal: Moving from Mokhovaya Street ... 40 R.T. Davies East meets West while carrying furniture to the “new” Moscow embassy Association Views . 3 Etcetera .... 24 Letters 4 10-25-50 . ... 23 Books ... 10 Scholars . ... 44 Periodicals 16 People . ... 45 Editor: STEPHEN R. DUJACK Associate Editor: NANCY A. JOHNSON Diplomacy . 19 Foreign Exchange . ... 46 Assistant Editor: WILLIAM E. WlCKERT III Clippings . ... 21 Association News .... ... 50 Editorial Board Chair: STEPHEN ElSENBRAUN Vice Chair: ANDREW STEIGMAN Members: JlM ANDERSON ccThe Independent Voice of the Foreign Service” GUY BURTON THOMAS DOWLING The FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL is the magazine Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at LINDA JEWELL for professionals in foreign affairs, published monthly additional post office. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL, 2101 E Street NW, PATRICIA MALLON except August by the American Foreign Service Asso¬ ciation, a private non-profit organization. Material appear¬ Washington, D.C. 20037. WILLIAM B. NANCE ing herein represents the opinions of the writers Microfilm copies: University Microfilm Library Ser¬ JOHN D. PIELEMEIER and does not necessarily represent the official views vices, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 (October 1967 to present). Indexed by PAIS. BERNARD REICH of the foreign affairs agencies, the U.S. govern¬ ment, or AFSA. The Editorial Board is responsible The JOURNAL welcomes manuscripts of 1500-4000 for general content, but statements concerning the words for consideration by the Editorial Board. Author policy and administration of AFSA as employee rep¬ queries are strongly urged, stamped envelope required resentative under the Foreign Service Act of 1980 for return. All authors are paid on publication. © American Foreign Service Association, 1987. in the ASSOCIATION NEWS and the ASSOCIATION 2101 E Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037. International Advertising Representative VIEWS, and all communications relating to these, arc Phone (202)338-4045. the responsibility of the AFSA Governing Board. JOSHUA B. POWERS, LTD. JOURNAL subscriptions: One year (11 issues), $15. October 1987. Volume 64, number 9. Overseas subscriptions (except Canada), add $3 per year. 46 Keyes House, Dolphin Square, ISSN 0015-7279. London SW1, 01-834-5566 Airmail not available. 2 OCTOBER 1987 ASSOCIATION VIEWS 3F53 Questions about Immunity AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION Governing Board President: PERRY SHANKLE IPLOMATIC IMMUNITY serves the same function for the For¬ D State Vice President: EVANGELINE MONROE eign Service employee as does the policeman’s bullet-proof vest: it AID Vice President: HENRY MERRILL allows a vital public sendee to be performed in areas of great risk. USIA Vice President: A. STEPHEN TELKINS Secretary: JAMES A. DERRICK Without it the United States would be foolish to send representatives Treasurer: SAMUEL MOK to the places where it most needs them. Thus we are gready troubled State Representatives: WARD BARMON by recent proposals to radically change this valuable and proven JONATHAN FARRAR BARBARA HUGHES system. GERALD LAMBERTY The most recent of these has been put forth by Senator Jesse SANDRA ODOR Helms. Responding to criticism of the current immunity arrange¬ AID Representatives: DAVID GARMS MICHAEL ZAK ments agreed to in the Vienna Convention of 1961, the senator USIA Representative: JOHN WALSH would remove protection from family and staff members of foreign Retired Representatives: L. BRUCE LAINGEN EARL D. SOHM diplomats posted here who are charged with drug trafficking, violent JOHN THOMAS crimes, or reckless driving. We do not argue that these people should Staff be free to break our laws and get away with it by hiding behind immunity, but that another way should be found to deal with the Director far Administration: SUE B. SCHUMACHER problem that does not weaken the protection of immunity for our General Counsel: SUSAN Z. HOLIK people abroad—as would surely occur as reciprocity is invoked around Director of the world. Member Services: SABINE SlSK Member Services Senator Helms’s proposal would not affect the immunity of con¬ Representative: NF.AL M. CALLANDER sular and diplomatic officials themselves, but our communicators Controller: ELLEN TENN Membership Coordinator: MYRIAM DUNCAN and secretaries, not to mention our spouses and children, would be Executive Assistant: DENISE BYERS subject to legal and political systems dtat are often sharply at variance Leyfal Assistant: CHRIS BAZAR with ours or are controlled by states that could use them to harass Law Clerk: RICHARD M. PRICE Executive Secretaries: BONITA CARROLL and intimidate us. Without immunity, what is to prevent an un¬ PAT REYNOSO HALL friendly country from arresting and imprisoning the spouse of an Congressional Liaison official who delivers a diplomatic rebuke? Must we return to the ROBERT M. BEERS days when the messenger who brought unpleasant news had his RICK WEISS head sent back home on a plate? Scholarship Programs Under the convention, the United States may not take judicial DAWN CUTHELL Face-to-Face Program action against a diplomat. But that does not mean that he or she STEVEN PHILIP KRAMER must go unpunished or that justice must be denied the victim. The The American Foreign Service Association, founded State Department can declare the perpetrator persona non grata, in 1924, is the professional association of the Foreign Service and the official representative of all Foreign urge the embassy to waive his or her immunity, or ask the sending Service employees in the Department of State and the state to compensate the victim. In addition, U.S. law has been up¬ Agency for International Development under the terms of the Foreign Service Act of 1980. Active membership dated so that foreign missions are now required to insure their driv¬ in AFSA is open to all current or retired professionals in foreign affairs overseas or in the United States. Asso¬ ers for liability, and the State Department can revoke their licenses. ciate membership is open to persons having an active A new bill would go even further by creating a system in which interest in or close association with foreign affairs who are not employees or retirees of the foreign affairs agen¬ victims could be compensated through a special fund when other cies. Annual dues: Active Members—$65-143; Retired procedures fail. Members—$30-45; Associate Members—$35. Dues in¬ clude $9.50 allocation for subscription to the JOUR¬ We understand the anguish of those who have been unfortunate NAL and ASSOCIATION NEWS. All AFSA mem¬ victims of criminal acts perpetrated by foreign representatives in our bers are members of the Foreign Service Club.