A new series in the Bulletin:

PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION

One of the most pressing problems facing science, all recommendations made by international bodies con- medicine, and technology today is the lack of standardiza- cerning nomenclature, test methods, and all other areas tion. The problem is particularly acute with respect to where standardization is necessary. Where international nomenclature, where it can result in the breakdown of standards are lacking or felt to be inadequate, attention communication, but is by no means restricted to that will be drawn to the recommendations of national and area. Products, equipment, methods, units ofmeasurement, professional societies or standards bodies that are suit- and countless other areas are also affected adversely. able for interim use. The series will, therefore, serve as a All too frequently the difficulties arise not because of a bibliographical index to all international and some lack of standards but because of reluctance to use them national standards related to public health. Since new or because organizations, investigators, and authors are standards are established fairly frequently in some areas unaware of their existence. Even the international to be covered by the new series, we plan to publish organizations that have established them are sometimes addenda listing such new standards as they are issued, not well known. thus maintaining the value of the papers as indexes to the To help overcome this situation, the Bulletin of the material that is available. World Health Organization is introducing a new series of articles, which will appear under the general heading of The first paper in the series, devoted to , Progress in standardization. The articles in this series will appears in this issue. Articles on clinical chemistry, identify the international organizations that are involved various aspects of genetics, and standardized coding of in standardization activities in every area directly or histological classifications of tumours are in preparation, indirectly related to public health. The roles of the and we hope to publish at least one of them during the different organizations and the way in which they are coming year. interrelated will be described. Finally, each article will We welcome the comments of our readers on the new attempt to list every standard that has been established series. If you find the articles useful, or can suggest ways in its field. in which they could be made more helpful, please write To make the series as helpful as possible, the word to: Editor, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, " standard " will be interpreted broadly, so as to include 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.

- 167 Une nouvelle serie d'articles dans le Bulletin:

PROGRtS EN STANDARDISATION

Un des problemes les plus urgents auxquels doivent d'epreuve, ou de tout autre champ d'activite oiu une stan- actuellement faire face la science, la m6decine et la techno- dardisation apparait necessaire. Lorsque les normes logie est le manque de standardisation. Son acuit6 est internationales font defaut ou sont insuffisantes, on signa- particulierement sensible dans le domaine de la nomen- lera les recommandations des societes nationales et clature, oiu il peut entrainer une rupture de la communi- professionnelles ou des organismes de standardisation cation, mais nombre d'autres secteurs - produits, susceptibles d'etre utilisees dans l'intervalle. On dis- equipement, m6thodes, unites de mesure, etc. - souffrent posera donc, grace a la s6rie d'articles, d'un index biblio- aussi de cette situation. graphique pour toutes les normes internationales et Il arrive frequemment que les difficultes rencontrees certaines normes nationales en rapport avec la sante ne sont pas dues a l'absence de normes, mais au manque publique. De nouvelles normes sont 6tablies assez fre- d'empressement a utiliser celles qui existent ou au fait quemment dans certains domaines dont traite la nouvelle que les organisations, les chercheurs et les auteurs serie d'articles. II est donc pr6vu de publier des supple- ignorent leur existence. Parfois meme les organisations ments donnant la liste des normes nouvelles au moment internationales qui les ont etablies sont peu connues. de leur etablissement, ce qui conferera aux articles une Pour contribuer a resoudre le probleme, le Bulletin de valeur permanente d'index du materiel disponible. l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante va publier une nou- velle serie d'articles qui paraitront sous le titre general Le premier article de la s6rie, consacr6 aux pesticides, de Progres en standardisation. On trouvera dans ces est publie dans le present numero. Des articles relatifs documents des pr6cisions sur les organisations inter- a la chimie cinique, aux divers aspects de la genetique nationales s'occupant de standardisation dans tous les et au codage normalise des classifications histologiques secteurs ayant un rapport direct ou indirect avec la des tumeurs sont en preparation. Nous esp6rons publier sant6 publique. Leur role et les modalites de leur colla- l'un d'entre eux au moins dans le courant de l'ann6e boration seront decrits. Enfin, dans la mesure du possible, prochaine. chaque article fournira la liste des normes etablies dans Nous serons heureux de recevoir les commentaires des un domaine specifique. lecteurs sur cette nouvelle serie. Si les articles vous Afin d'assurer a cette serie un maximum d'efficacite, paraissent utiles ou si vous desirez formuler des proposi- le terme e norme * sera pris dans un sens large incluant tions en vue d'en rehausser l'inter8t, veuillez ecrire au toutes les recommandations faites par les organismes Redacteur en Chef, Bulletin de l'Organisation mondiale internationaux en matiere de nomenclature, de methodes de la Sante, 1211 Geneve 27, Suisse.

- 168- PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Pesticides Nomenclature, specifications, analysis, use, and residues in foods

D. ARMSTRONG LOWE 1 & A. R. STILES 2

This paper provides a comprehensive guide to international and certain other orga- nizations involved in activities related topesticides and to the standards they have established and the recommendations they have made. Particular attention is given to nomenclature (including international standard common names), specifications, and methods for the analysis ofpesticides and of their residues in foods. The application ofpesticides (including recommended methods and specifications for equipment), recommended limits for residues in foods, and the detection of resistance to pesticides are also covered. Within these areas, where appropriate, both public health and agricultural aspects are covered.

Pesticides have been the subject of many recommendations, standards, and requirements, both national and international. In some areas national practice varies widely from one country to another. While such variation may present no problem within a given country, at the international level (for example, the planning and operation of international public health programmes and the preparation of papers for publication in the journals of international organizations) it can bring about a serious risk of confusion. The need for standardization is strikingly illustrated by what is (as in so many areas of science, medicine, and technology) perhaps the most acute problem-nomenclature. And, since nomenclature is fundamental to scientific communication throughout the world, it is no mere academic matter. Pesticides may be identified in four ways-by chemical name, by code number, by proprietary name, or by common name-and a given pesticide may have many different designations of each of these four types. It is not uncommon to find, in laboratory or field reports on pesticides, names whose identification requires a great deal of time-consuming searching of the literature; sometimes, indeed, they are unidentifiable. With respect to chemical names, the number that can be assigned to a given pesticide is to a great extent a function of its molecular complexity, but may be quite large for even the simplest compound. One does not, of course, encounter every possible name in the literature, but it is fairly common to find a dozen or more. When a pesticide is first developed it is almost invariably assigned one or more code numbers by its manu- facturer. Additional code numbers are assigned by each national and international agency that undertakes tests of its efficacy and toxicity. Subsequently, one or more trade names are registered by the manufacturer, and different trade names may be adopted for sale of the pesticide in different countries. If, as is frequently the case (especially when patents have expired), the pesticide is made by more than one manufacturer, the number of proprietary names and code numbers (including those assigned by testing agencies) is multiplied. A 4" common " name for the pesticide is usually adopted by the national standards body of each country where it is used, and these names sometimes vary widely; the name adopted in one country may be a proprietary name for the pesticide in another country. Finally, if the pesticide is pharmacologically active it may be given one or more pharmaceutical common names. The result is that the pesticide may be referred to in the literature under any of, say, 12 chemical names, 12 code numbers, 20 trade names, and 6 common names. This example is admittedly an extreme case, but there are numerous pesticides for which the situation is little better. Only the use of standard nomenclature in the scientific literature can correct this deplorable confusion. I 1Editorial Services, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. 'Vector Biology and Control, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. 3102 169- 170 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

In other areas the situation, though perhaps somewhat less confused, is similar. The use of pesticides that do not meet certain criteria may be attended by failure; the use of nonstandard methods of analysis may give misleading or noncomparable results; and the improper application of pesticides may entail severe hazards to personnel and lead to the contamination of the environment and the presence of dangerously high levels of residues in man's food. a Over a period of many years a large number of standards have been established, and recommendations made, by a number of different organizations. Some have been issued in substantial publications, others have appeared in ephemeral documents, and yet others have remained unpublished. Consequently, although a wealth of material exists, it is often difficult of access, and its existence may not even be known to persons who would willingly use it. It is hoped that, by serving as an index to all available international standards and recommendations- and, where necessary, to those of certain national b and professional bodies-this paper will make it possible for them to be used more widely in the laboratory, the field, and the literature.

NOMENCLATURE have been abandoned and certain alterations made in the order of precedence used for the determination of parent names. All names are printed in CA in- A discussion of chemical nomenclature is not verted form, with the result that related compounds within the scope of this paper, but a brief explanation are brought together in the tables and with the of the chemical names used in it is necessary. All additional advantage that readers can look up any such names have been written in accordance with the name directly in Chemical abstracts without the need IUPAC rules as interpreted and extended by the for time-consuming (and frequently unsuccessful) American Chemical Society in Chemical abstracts. consultation of cross-reference indexes. These supplementary rules, while not those of an international body, are widely used internationally Common names for pesticides and are, in fact, the only available rules that make ISO names. International standard common names it possible to derive a single name for a given com- for pesticides are adopted by the International Orga- pound (the IUPAC rules alone do not make this nization for Standardization (ISO). During the possible, although they greatly reduce the number process of selecting acceptable common names, a of names that can be assigned to the compound).c search for possible conflicts between proposed names Chemical abstracts is, furthermore, the only available and trademarks in the international register is carried complete index in English to the world's chemical out by the World Intellectual Property Organization, literature, and the use of its rules of nomenclature is while national standards bodies that are members of therefore a great convenience to readers who wish to ISO carry out similar searches in the trademark look up additional information on a given com- registers of their own countries. A proposed common pound. At first sight many of the chemical names name must receive the votes of at least 75 % of the used in the tables accompanying this paper may ISO member bodies before it can be adopted as an appear unfamiliar. This is because all the compounds international standard common name. To date, ISO have been renamed in accordance with the recent has adopted 323 such names and has published them complete revision of the CA rules (1), in which-to in six documents (2-7).d These names are listed in name but two changes-almost all trivial names Annex 1 (pages 190-191). a Different pesticides and pesticide formulations are produced for many different purposes, which may be broadly classified as public-health and agricultural. There is, however, no clear-cut line of demarcation between the two, since the use of pesticides for crop protection may, if improperly conducted, lead to severe contamination of food and thus present a public- health problem. Both uses of pesticides are therefore covered in this paper. b In general, the use of national standards for international purposes is to be discouraged if adequate international standards are available. In some areas, however, international standards are either lacking or inadequate for a given purpose, and in these circumstances recourse must be had to national standards. c For many purposes, such as day-to-day work in the laboratory, it is admittedly no great disadvantage to have more than one name for a given compound. For indexing purposes, however, unique names are essential. They are, furthermore, of great help to the reader and index-user who is not a chemist and to whom a multiplicity of different names for the same compound may be thoroughly confusing. d For further information on these and other ISO documents, see note 4 under SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION, page 185. PESTICIDES 171

PESTICIDE NAMES IN THE TABLES

The tables in this paper include a number of pesticides for which no ISO common names are available. In order to avoid the use of lengthy chemical names, such pesticides are listed under other common names or proprietary names. All such names are identified by chemical name below. In addition, some pesticides that do not have ISO or other common names are listed under well-known trivial chemical names (e.g., ); a few that have short systematic chemical names are listed under the latter (e.g., ethane, 1,2-dibromo-). All proprietary names, common names other than those adopted by ISO, and trivial chemical names are printed in italics. Errors and omissions excepted, all proprietary names are distinguished by an initial capital letter.

ABA TE phosphorothioic acid, 0,0'- (thiodi-4,1 -phenylene) -0,0.0',0'-tetramethyl ester acarol benzenaecetic acid, 4-bromo-a-(4-bromophenyl)-a-hydroxy-, 1-methylethyl ester Aramite sulfurous acid, 2-chloroethyl 2-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenoxy]-1-methylethyl ester cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-i-propenyl)-, trans-(+)-, (±)-2- methyl-4-oxo-3- (2-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1 -yl ester a- a-D-glucofuranose, 1,2-0-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-, (R)- chloramine- T benzenesulfonamide, N-chloro-4-methyl-, sodium salt chlorodimeform methanimidamide, N'-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-N,N-dimethyl- Chlorthion phosphorothioic acid, 0-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) 0,0-dimethyl ester crufomate phosphoramidic acid, methyl-, 2-chloro-4- (1,1 -dimethylethyl) phenyl methyl ester dalapon propanoic acid, 2,2-dichloro- 2,4-DB butanoic acid, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- p,p'-DDE benzene, 1,1 '-(dichloroethenylidene)bis[4-chloro- o,p'-DDT benzene, 1 -chloro-2- [2,2,2-trichloro-1 - (4-chlorophenyl)ethyl] - p,p'-DDT benzene, 1,1 '- (2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro- deet benzamide, N,N-diethyl-3-methyl- dicapthon phosphorothioic acid, 0- (2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) 0,0-dimethyl ester dicoumarin 2H-1 -benzopyran-2-one, 3,3'-methylenebis[4-hydroxy- Dursban phosphorothioic acid, 0,0-diethyl 0- (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) ester folpet 1 H-isoindole-1 ,3(2H) -dione, 2- [(trichloromethyl)thio] - Landrin , 3,4,5-trimethyl-, methylcarbamate, mixt. with 2,3,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarba- mate (75%:18%) 1 ,3,4-metheno-1 H-cyclobuta [cd] pentalene, 1,1 a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6-dodecachloroocta- hydro Mobam benzo[b]thiophene-4-ol, methylcarbamate Perthane benzene, 1,1 '- (2,2'-dichloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro- phosphoramidothioic acid, (1 -iminoethyl) -0,0-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ester 1 ,3-benzodioxole, 5- [[2- (2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy] methyl] -6-propyl- pyrazon 3(2H)-pyridazinone, 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl radione 1 H-indene-1 ,3(2H)-dione, 2- (1 -naphthalenyl) - [1] benzopyrano[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h] [1] benzopyran-6(6aH) -one, 1,2,12,1 2a-tetrahydro-8,9- dimethoxy-2- (1 -methylethenyl) -, [2R- (2 a,6a a,1 2a a)] - sulfoxide 1 ,3-benzodioxole, 5- [2- (octylsulfinyl) propyl] - sulphenone benzene, 1 -chloro-4-(phenylsulfonyl)- 172 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZAnON: 1

Every ISO name is adopted in three versions- (code numbers have been omitted in order to keep English, French, and Russian. ISO documents are the list to a reasonable length). If, therefore, a pro- also published in each of these three languages; each prietary name, a national common name, or the edition, however, contains every common name in chemical name of a given pesticide is known, Annex 2 all three languages. can be used to determine its international standard The principles used in the selection ofISO common common name. Both English and French versions of names are explained in a separate document (8). In each name are included. addition, ISO has published lists (9, 10) of 117 com- pounds or groups of compounds used as pesticides Other common names. There are many pesticides, whose chemical names are considered to be suffi- as will be observed from the above discussion, for ciently short to render common names unnecessary. which no common names have yet been adopted by Careful attention to spelling is necessary when ISO.c When such a pesticide must be referred to in ISO common names are used, since some of them the literature, the preferable solution is the use of a are similar to, but not identical with, national or name approved by a professional society (e.g., the other common names.a For example, the inter- Entomological Society of America or the Weed national standard common names are chinomethio- Science Society ofAmerica) or of a national common nat, prometryn, trichlorfon, and trichloronat, not name, if one is available (the national standards quinomethionate, prometryne, trichlorphon, and bodies of a number of countries have adopted and . published extensive lists of such names). If all else The use of the standard common names described fails, it may be necessary to use a proprietary name. above (e.g., in international programmes and reports However, if any name other than an international emanating from them and in the publications of common name is used the pesticide in question international societies and organizations) b some- should, the first time it is mentioned, be identified times poses a problem for investigators, authors, and by chemical name. editors, to whom an alphabetic list of such names Annex 3 (pages 200-204) identifies most of the is of little value. What is needed is a list of national widely used older pesticides, and many of the newer and other common names and proprietary names ones, for which ISO common names are not avail- that gives cross references to the correct interna- able. It includes cross-references under proprietary tional common names. Several indexes of pesticide names and national and other common names, and names of this type are available, but all of them are also under proposed (but not yet accepted) common keyed either to national common names or to the names. The latter are included because many of them names required by national regulatory agencies, and have, unfortunately, found their way into the litera- no list keyed to international standard common ture, and some of them may be difficult to identify. names has been published. Annex 2 (pp. 192-199) has It is strongly recommended that proposed common been prepared to remedy this situation. It lists, under names not be used in the literature. It is far preferable the inverted form of their chemical names (in accor- to use an accepted common name that has the dance with CA rules), all pesticides for which ISO authority of a national standards body or a pro- common names have been published, and includes fessional society behind it, than to use a proposed cross-references under all known national common international name that has no authority whatsoever names and a large number of proprietary names and that may never reach the stage of approval and adoption. a Three ISO common names-flurenol, chlorflurenol, and TCA-are unfortunately liable to give rise to misunder- SPECIFICATIONS standing if used in the literature. The first two are apt to be confused with the chemical names and chloro- fluorenol; TCA, the ISO designation for the sodium salt of If a pesticide or pesticide formulation is to be trichloroacetic acid, is widely used in many countries to effective, it is essential that it meet certain criteria designate the acid. It is recommended that, if any of these with respect to its content and other designations be used, the substance in question be identified active-ingredient by chemical name in ordre to avoid confusion. chemical and physical properties. These criteria de- b It must be pointed out that some of these names are pend, to a great extent, on the purpose for which the unacceptable for national use in certain countries, owing largely to the possibility of confusion with proprietary pesticide is to be used, and a pesticide or formulation names used in those countries (all such countries are listed in the ISO documents previously referred to). In a given c Throughout the text of this paper and Tables 1-9, country the only valid common name for national use is the names other than those approved by ISO are printed in name adopted by the national standards body of that country. italics. Table 1. WHO specifications for pesticides for public-health use' EC & Pesticide Tech. WDP concen- Dusts & trates powders ABATE X X acetamide, fluoro- X* acetic acid, fluoro-, sodium salt X* antu X* (3+) oxide X- X* bromophos X* X X* calcium X* a-chloralose X X* copper(2+) sulfate X coumachlor X X coumafuryl X* X- , sodium salt X* X* X* DDT X X X X , for overseas shipment X deet X X X X dicapthon X* X* X X dicoumarin X* X X X diphacinone XX Dursban X* X* -, dimethyl homologue X* X* ethane, 1 ,2-dibromo- X X X X* X X* x HCH X X X X hydrogen cyanide X* jodfenphos X Landrin X* X* X X X X X methane, bromo- X* X X Mobam X* X* , 2-aminoethanol salt X X X X* phenol, pentachloro- X phosacetim X* X X -, sodium derivative X* X X X radione X* red squillpowder X* X thallium(1 +) sulfate X trichlorfon X X X- tridemorph X X X -, sodium salt X* X larvicidal oils without added X larvicidal oils with added insecticide X * Entries marked with an asterisk indicate that specifications are under development for consideration by the WHO Expert Committee on . Further information can be obtained from address no. 6 (a) under SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION, page 185. Entries not marked with an asterisk indicate that the specifications are included in reference 35. 174 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1 that is effective for vector-control operations will ANALYSIS not necessarily be suitable for agricultural purposes. Different specifications may therefore be necessary Two types of analysis are important with respect for pesticides to be used in public-health programmes to pesticides-the analysis of pesticides themselves, and for those to be used for plant protection. to determine whether or not they meet a given set of specifications, and the examination of food products Public health (WHO) to determine the amount of pesticide residues they Specifications for pesticides for vector control are contain. Since the two types of analysis involve issued by the World Health Organization. They are different problems and are dealt with by different drawn up by the WHO Expert Committee on organizations, they are considered separately below. Insecticides in consultation with the pesticide indus- try and are published under the title Specifications Analysis ofpesticides for pesticides used in public health (35). The Expert Several international organizations are active in Committee may, from time to time, add new speci- the development and improvement of methods for fications and either revise or withdraw old ones. Up- analysing pesticides, which fall into two main groups, to-date information on the status of any specification depending upon whether the pesticides are for public- can be obtained from WHO." The specifications that health or for agricultural use. are at present available are listed in Table L.b WHO methods. WHO methods, which are designed Agriculture (FAQ) for use with pesticides and formulations for use in public health programmes, are adopted by the WHO Specifications for pesticides for agricultural use are Expert Committee on Insecticides and are included published by the Food and Agricultural Organization in the relevant WHO specifications. Each specifica- ofthe United Nations in the form of booklets (12-34). tion listed in Table 1 is, therefore, self-contained in They are drawn up by the FAO Working Party of that it includes a detailed description of the methods Experts on the Official Control of Pesticides: necessary to determine whether or not a given Section B (Specifications), which meets annually and pesticide sample meets the criteria set forth in the works in close cooperation with the pesticide indus- specification proper. Table 1 can consequently be try. Like the WHO specifications, they may be regarded as a list of WHO analytical methods. The amended from time to time; news of such revisions Expert Committee has also adopted certain addi- is published in the FAO Plant protection bulletin, tional methods and procedures of general applica- which is available in English, French, and Spanish bility: these are listed in Table 3 and are included in editions. Further information about them may be the collection of specifications previously referred to obtained from FAO.c A manual that explains the (35). Further information on any of the above me- purpose of the specifications and how to use them, thods can be obtained from WHO., and defines the terms used in them, is also available (11). The FAO specifications that are now available FAO. The FAO Working Party of Experts on the are listed in Table 2.d Official Control of Pesticides: Section B (Specifica- tions) " has agreed that it is highly important that a See address No. 6 (a) under SOURCES OF FURTHER any methods of analysis which have been critically NFORMATION, page 185. examined by interlaboratory collaborative trials b Table 1 includes numerous specifications that are under development and that are not contained in reference 5. shall be adopted for incorporation in the [FAO] Further information may, as noted in the table, be obtained specifications" (11). In fact, however, the FAO from WHO. specifications include only a reference to the method c See address iNo. 3 under SOURCES OF FURTHER INFOR- which adherence to their criteria is to be deter- MATION, p. 185. by d FAO specifications for certain organochlorine pesticides mined. The methods thus referred to are those of (, camphechlor, , DDT, dieldrin, , CIPAC (see below). , HCH, HCH- + DDT, , and lindane) have recently been collected and published, in modified form, by the United Kingdom Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and CIPAC methods. Methods for the analysis of a Food (FAO specifications for pesticides: organochiorine wide range of pesticides are adopted by the Collabo- insecticides 1973. Pinner, Middlesex, England, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, 1973). However, the separate booklets mentioned above (12-34) remain the e See address No. 6 (a) under SOURCES OF FURTHER definitive FAO specifications. INFORMATION, page 185. PESTICIDES 175

Table 2. FAQ specifications for pesticides for agricultural use

Tech. WDP EC Dusts Solns Ref.

aldrin products X X X X 29 azinphos-ethyl X X X 12 azinphos-methyl X X X X 12 camphechlor X xa 13 captan X X X 14 X X X 15 chlorbenside X X X X 16 chlordane X X X X 28 2,4-D X 17 sodium salt X Xb 17 esters X X 17 - salts" X 17 DDT X X X X X 18 -0 + demeton-S X X 19 demeton-S-methyl X X xa 19 diazinon X X X X X 20 X X 21 dieldrin products X X X X 27 salts X 22 diquat + XC X 22 endosulfan X X X X X 23 endrin X X X X 24 fentin acetate X X 25 fentin hydroxide X X 25 heptachlor X X X X 28 lime- X' 34 lindane X X X X X 26 MCPA X xb 30 amine salts" xb X 30 -esters X X 30 potassium salt xb X 30 sodium salt X 30 mixed K and Na salts X 30 paraquat salts X 22 X X X X X 31 parathion-methyl X X X X X' 32 piperonyl butoxide X 33 pyrethrum X X 33 sulfur X X X Xv 34 thiometon X xa 19

a Technical solutions b Water-soluble powders c Granules d Liquid concentrate * Also technical solutions f Extracts 9 Dispersions rative International Pesticides Analytical Council activity with the results of such tests, and for evalu- Ltd. This body was founded in implementation of a ating the efficacy and safety of pesticides and their resolution passed by the 4th International Congress formulations. The CIPAC Technical Committee, of Crop Protection (Hamburg, 1957). Its aim is to consisting of official chemists who serve in a personal promote international agreement on methods for capacity, meets annually to review the progress that analysing pesticides, for correlating their biological has been made. CIPAC works in close cooperation 176 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Table 3. WHO methods for the analysis of pesticides

Factor determined Method Specification no. acidity and alkalinity titrimetric; electrometric WHO/M/3 , total organic Parr peroxide bomb WHO/M/15 revised Stepanow a WHO/M/16 crystallizing point Institute of Petroleum WHO/M/12 flashpoint Tag closed tester WHO/M/10 Cleveland open cup WHO/M/11 HCH b hydrolysable chlorine WHO/M/17 -, y isomer IR spectrophotometric; polarographic (recording and cathode-ray) WHO/M/19 material insoluble in dichlorodifluoro- methane Fulton WHO/M/9 and mixed melting point Bervenmark WHO/M/5 water Karl Fischer WHO/M/7 Dean and Stark WHO/M/8

MISCELLANEOUS PROCEDURES emulsion WHO/M/1 3 sampling procedures WHO/M/1 sieving after accelerated storage treatment WHO/M/4 suspensibility of 75 % DDT water-dispersible powders WHO/M/2.R1 toxicity of larvicidal oils WHO/M/18 toxicity of WHO/M/14 preparation of the potassium salt of O,O-dimethyl phosphoro- dithioic acid c WHO/M/20

a For dieldrin and HCH and formulations containing them (technical material, water-dispersible powders, dusting powders, and emulsion concentrates). b For technical HCH, refined HCH, and lindane (water-dispersible powders, dusting powders, and emulsion concentrates). c For use in the determination of malathion. with the pesticide industry, FAO, WHO, and the AOAC methods. Many of the methods adopted by Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) the organizations noted above were originally devel- in the USA. (In fact, many of the methods adopted oped by, or at least validated by, the Association of by CIPAC are procedures originally developed or Official Analytical Chemists in the USA, and there validated by AOAC.) is little doubt that AOAC methods are the most A collection of some 240 methods for the analysis widely used of all methods. The Association was of pesticides was published in 1970 in volume I of founded, under the name Association of Official the CIPAC handbook (49). The methods included, Agricultural Chemists, in 1884 (the name was and their status, are summarized in Table 4. Since changed in 1965). The way in which AOAC methods 1970 methods have been adopted for numerous are developed and validated, by interlaboratory additional pesticides (see Table 5), and a number of collaborative trials and the Referee system, is too methods included in the Handbook have been well known to require more than a brief outline revised; certain alternative methods have also been here. Before any procedure can be adopted as an *adopted. None of this material has been published, AOAC " official method " it must have undergone although CIPAC plans to publish it in a future exhaustive investigation and testing in at least six volume of the Handbook. Information on those laboratories under the direction of an Associate methods can be obtained from the CIPAC Secretary.a Referee. The procedure is then reviewed and eva- a See address No. 2 under souRCEs OF FURTHER INFOR- luated by a specialist General Referee and sub- 'ATION, page 185. sequently by a specialist Subcommittee. Finally, it PESTICIDES 177

Table 4. CIPAC methods for the analysis of pesticides

EXPLANATION: Columns 2-6 indicate the status of the methods published in volume I of the CIPAC Handbook (M, method; P, provisional method; D, draft method). Methods for water-soluble powders are included in the 'WDP column and are distinguished by means of a footnote. Pesticide Tech. Dusts WDP Soins EC Misc. acetic acid, trichloro- M -, sodium salt, see TCA aldrin, see HHDN antu P azinphos-ethyl P p p p azinphos-methyl P p p p camphechlor M M M -+ DDT p - + DDT + parathion-methyl p captan Ma Ma Ma carbaryl M M M chlorbenside M M M M chlordane M M M M chlorfenson M M M chlorpropham M copper in copper compounds Mb M M 2,4-D M amine salts" M esters M M -sodium salt M MC 2,4-D + 2,4,5-T mixed esters M dalapon, sodium salt M DDT M M M M M Md demeton-O + demeton-S M M demeton-O-methyl + demeton-S- methyl M M demeton-S-methyl M M diazinon M M M M M dieldrin, see HEOD P - + M diquat M - + paraquat M DNOC M - + petroleum oil pe endosulfan pa P P p M M M endrin P P P p fenson M M M ferbam + maneb M ferbam + maneb + zineb M ferbam + zineb M gamma-HCH in lindane products M M Pf M M M Pg Mh - in lindane + captan products Mf - in lindane + DDT products D - in lindane + products Mf HCH M M M M M M' -+ DDT D D M M Md HEOD in dieldrin products P P P p heptachlor M M M M HHDN in aldrin products P P P p malathion P P P P P 178 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Table 4. (continued) Pesticide Tech. Dusts WDP Solns EC Misc.

maneb, anhydrous M M M -, dihydrate M M M MCPA Mi - amine salts -, Na salt, K salt Mc M - esters M M mercury in mercury compounds M Mk - in mixed formulations MIP1 - in captan-mercury products Mk - in copper-mercury products Mk metaldehyde M M Mm metam-sodium M nabam, anhydrous M -, dihydrate M }M nicotine p paraquat M parathion M M M M M Mn parathion-methyl M M M M M petroleum products pO propham M pyrethrum M M MP rotenone pqMr schradan p M Mc M sulfur M M M Mg 2,4,5-T M amine salts" M -esters M M TCA8 M tecnazene M M TEPP p P P thiram M M M trichlorfon M M M M Mt warfarin M Mu -, sodium derivative M M zinc phosphide p zineb M M M ziram M M M

a Including an infrared reference method. or 9,1 0-anthracenedione; for products containing b Including an electrolytic reference method. heptachlor and other highly chlorinated com- pounds; and for formulations containing highly c Water-soluble powders. chlorinated compounds other than heptachlor. d Emulsions. m Baits. c Winter washes. n Impregnated materials. f Powders for seed treatment. 0 Including miscible products for winter use, for e Suspensions, dispersions. use in orchards, and for summer use in glass- h houses. Smoke generators, tablets. P i Flowers and extract. Refined HCH & HCH emulsions. q Formulations. i Including a liquid/liquid chromatographic r In Lonchocarpus resin and ground Loncho- reference method. carpus root. k Powders or liquids for seed treatment. 8 Trichloroacetic acid, sodium salt. Including methods for formulations containing Granules. highly chlorinated compounds, calcium carbonate, u Powder concentrate. must receive the approval of the Association as a eral, State, and other regulatory agencies and from whole at its annual meeting. academic and similar institutions, and of scientists The Association is composed of official chemists (as associate members) from consulting and other and microbiologists (as active members) from Fed- laboratories. Every 5 years since 1920 it has published PESTICIDES 179

Table 5. Additional pesticides for which CIPAC analytical methods have been adopted (see text for explanation)

bioallethrin lead arsenate lime-sulfur 2,4-DB mancozeb dicamba MCPB - amine salts + 2,4-D methoprotryne - + MCPA monuron dichlorvos piperonyl butoxide prometryn dinocap propazine diuron propoxur dodine pyrazon ethane, 1 ,2-dibromo- fenitrothion 2,3,6-TBA fenthion thallium salts fentin thiometon a new edition of its handbook, Official methods of hand, call for a range of several different standard analysis; the latest (1lth) edition was published waters, which are not described in the specifications.4 in 1970 (36).a Any changes in Official methods of analysis that may be adopted at the annual meetings Analysis ofpesticide residues in foods of the Association are published in the form of As with methods for the analysis of pesticides, supplements to the handbook in March of each year several international organizations are involved in (37-39); they are also published in the March issue the recommendation of methods for the analysis of of the Journal ofthe Association ofOfficial Analytical pesticide residues in foods, the three principal ones Chemists. being the Food and Agriculture Organization of the The aim of Official methods of analysis is " to United Nations, the International Union of Pure provide both research and regulatory chemists with and Applied Chemistry, and the World Health reliable methods of analysis for deter-mining the Organization. These organizations, together with composition of commodities subject to legal con- the International Atomic Energy Agency and other trol ".b The pesticides for which analytical methods bodies, work in close cooperation. The actual are included in the 11th edition are listed in Table 6. development of analytical methods is, however, "Standard waters ". Specifications for the pro- undertaken by national and professional bodies, of curement of pesticides frequently require the use of which the most active are undoubtedly the Associa- " standard water " in certain analytical procedures tion of Official Analytical Chemists and certain US (particularly tests of the suspensibility of water- Government agencies. dispersible powders). WHO methods for suspen- sibility tests call for the use of " standard hard FAO and WHO. The recommendation of analy- water ",C and its composition is described in the tical methods for the determination of pesticide specification itself. FAO specifications, on the other residues in foods is mainly the responsibility of FAO

a It should be noted that the 10th edition (1965) contains d Information on an FAO survey of naturally occurring " " waters and on a series of standard waters designed to reflect certain surplus [i.e., infrequently used] methods that are the composition of these naturally occurring waters is con- not included in the 11th edition. tained in: CIPAC-FAO. Standard waters: Recommendations b From the preface to the 11th ed. (36), page v. for the preparation of standard waters used for testing c WHO standard hard water is a distilled water solution pesticidal and other formulations and an FAO survey of containing 0.304 g of anhydrous CaCl, and 0.139 g of MgCl,. naturally occurring waters. London, 1972 (CIPAC mono- 6H20 per litre; its hardness, calculated as CaCO,, is 342 g/l. graph No. 1). Table 6. AOAC methods for the analysis of pesticides Pesticide Ref. Pesticide Ref. aldrin 36 dichlorvos 36 allethrin 36 dieldrin 36 amitrole 36, 39 diquat 36, 38 ammonium compounds, quaternary, Cl- in 36 dodine 36 antu a endrin 36 arsenic, total b 36 ethane, 1,2-dibromo- 36 -, water-soluble c 36 -,1,2-dichloro- 36 arsenicals fluorine, total 36 d 36 -, as sodium hexafluorosilicate(2-) 36 lead arsenate 6 36 formaldehyde 36 zinc arsenite f 36 gamma-HCH 36 atrazine 37, 38 heptachlor 36 bioallethrin 39 lead n 36 Bordeaux mixture 36 lime-sulfur 0 36 + calcium arsenate h 36 lindane, see gamma-HCH + lead arsenate 36 malathion 36, 39 + J 36 mercury 39 calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder) k 36 - in organomercurial seed disinfectants 36 captan 37 methane, tetrachloro- 36 carbamodithioates 36 nicotine 36 carbaryl 36, 39 oils, mineral P 36 36 -, emulsions with soap a 36 chlorinated pesticides, detection of com- paraquat 36, 38 tamination by 38 parathion 36 chloramben 37, 39 Paris green r 36 chloramine-T 36 phorate 36 chlordane 36 piperonyl butoxide 36 a and y isomers 39 potassium cyanate 36 -, heptachlor in 39 prometryne 37, 38 chlorthal, dimethyl ester (dacthal) 38 36, 39 copper m 36 rotenone 36 cube, see rotenone Sabadilla alkaloids 36 (Ca, K, Na) 36 soap8 36 cyclopentadiene, hexachloro-, in chlordane 36 sodium hypochlorite solutions' 36 2,4-D 36 sulfoxide 36 -, free acid in 39 2,4,5-T 36 "amine salts" 36 -, free acid in 39 esters 36 - - amine salts" 36 salts 36 -, esters 36 dacthal, see under chlorthal TCAu 36 dalapon, sodium salt 36 TEPP 36 DDT 36 thallium(1 +) sulfate 36 derris, see rotenone thiocyanates, organic V 36 diazinon 37, 38 thiram 36 dicamba 36, 38, 39 39 amine salts" 36 warfarin 36 -+ 2,4-D 37 zinc n 36 - + MCPA 37

a See 1 0th ed. of Official methods of analysis. I Active chlorine, total chlorine, sodium. b In Paris green; calcium, lead, and magnesium arsenates; zinc m In mixtures such as Bordeaux mixture with calcium arsenate, arsenite; Bordeaux mixture with arsenicals. lead arsenate, zinc arsenite, or Paris green; in [carbonato(2-)] c In calcium, lead, and magnesium arsenates; zinc arsenite; dihydroxydicopper (' copper carbonate ). Bordeaux mixture with arsenicals. n In mixtures such as Bordeaux mixture with calcium arsenate, d Moisture, total arsenic, water-soluble arsenic, total As203, lead arsenate, or zinc arsenite. total calcium. Soluble sulfur, thiosulfate sulfur, sulfide sulfur, sulfate sulfur, e Moisture, total arsenic, water-soluble arsenic, total As203. total calcium. f Moisture, total arsenic, water-soluble arsenic,, total As203, P Unsulfonated residue. total zinc. q Toluene distillation, total oil, soap, unsulfonated residue, ash. Moisture, carbon dioxide, copper. r Moisture, total arsenic, total As203, water-soluble As203, h Moisture, carbon dioxide, total arsenic, water-soluble arsenic, total copper. copper. 8 Toluene distillation, potassium, sodium. i Moisture, carbon dioxide, total arsenic, water-soluble arsenic, t Sodium hypochlorite, available chlorine, chloride chlorine, copper, lead. , carbon dioxide. Moisture, carbon dioxide, total arsenic, total As203, water- u Sodium salt of trichloroacetic acid. soluble As203, copper. V Thiocyanate nitrogen. k Available chlorine. PESTICIDES 181 rather than of WHO; however, the two organiza- Although the Commission on Terminal Residues tions work in such close collaboration in this area sometimes makes, on the basis of the studies de- that they are considered together here. Guidance on scribed above, recommendations on analysis, the suitable standard methods of analysis is given in the latter subject is the direct concern of the Commission reports of the joint meetings of the FAO Working on the Development, Improvement, and Standard- Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO ization of Methods of Analysis. Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. These This Commission has studied a large number of reports are published (identical versions) in two pesticides and made recommendations on methods series: FAO Agricultural studies (in English, French, for the determination of their residues (50-56). It has and Spanish) and the WHO Technical report series given particular attention to multiresidue methods (in English, French, Russian, and Spanish)." and has adopted (53), as an interim measure, the Analytical techniques are not developed by the so-called Mills procedure for organochlorine com- Committees themselves, which merely select and pounds (see below). It has also adopted (46)-again recommend procedures that have appeared in the as an interim measure-the procedures of Storherr literature or in unpublished reports and that have et al. (48) and Abbott et al. (64) for organophospho- been found to be satisfactory in interlaboratory rus compounds (in adopting the latter method, the collaborative trials. Most of the methods recom- Commission excluded the Cohen & Czech procedure mended by the Committees have been developed for the determination of total phosphorus). or validated by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. US Government agencies. The organizations and The FAO and WHO Committees also recom- other bodies discussed in the preceding sections adopt mend methods of analysis to the Committee on and recommend methods for the analysis of pesticide Pesticide Residues of the Joint FAO/WHO Food residues in food products, but do not themselves Programme Codex Alimentarius Commission, whose undertake the development of such procedures. Most principal concern is international reference methods. of the methods they have recommended were devel- If the recommendations of the FAO and WHO oped initially by the pesticides industry and under- experts lead to differences of opinion within the went further development either by AOAC (see Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, the advice below) or by the Food and Drug Administration of of the IUPAC Commission on Pesticide Residue the US Department of Health, Education, and Analysis may be sought. Welfare. The Food and Drug Administration, which devel- IUPAC. The Pesticides Section of the Applied oped half of the procedures included in the 11th Chemistry Division of the International Union of edition of AOAC's Official methods of analysis, has Pure and Applied Chemistry has two commissions published a loose-leaf Pesticide analytical manual that deal with pesticide residues. (40, 43) that has undergone several revisions. One of The lUPAC Commission on Terminal Residues its best-known procedures is the multiresidue meth- is concerned with the biochemical pathways by which od that was, as previously noted, adopted by the pesticides are degraded in plants and animals, and IUPAC Commission on Pesticide Residue Analysis. with the identity of the end products (the terminal This procedure, which is based on acetonitrile extrac- residues) of these metabolic processes. This informa- tion and Florisil column cleanup, was originally tion is essential for the development and standardiza- developed by Mills et al. (45, 46) on the basis of tion of satisfactory methods of residue analysis. The previously reported techniques. It has undergone Commission has studied a large number ofpesticides, continual improvement; a recent modification was and the results of these studies, together with the the introduction, by Mills et al., of an alternate Commission's recommendations, are published in Florisil elution system (42, 47). The procedure is the Comptes rendus of the biennial IUPAC Confer- described in the Pesticide analytical manual (41); ence or in the IUPAC Information bulletin; sum- according to Burke (44), who has outlined the his- maries appear in the Journal of the Association of tory of its development, it is applicable to the deter- Official Analytical Chemists (57-63). mination of at least 55 different organochlorine pesticide residues in some 450 different food products a Further information may be obtained from FAO (see and can also be used for the determination of certain address No. 3 under SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION, page 185). organophosphorus pesticide residues. 182 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Table 7. AOAC-methods for pesticide residue analysis Pesticide Ref. Pesticide Ref. acetic acid, fluoro-, sodium salt 36 glyodin 36 aldrin 36, 38 HCH 36-38 Aramite 36 -, distinction between y-HCH and tech. arsenic 39 HCH 36 azinphos-methyl 36 heptachlor 36, 38 1,1 '-biphenyl 36 - epoxide 36, 38, 39 biphenyls, polychlorinated 39 lead 38, 39 captan 36 malathion 36 carbaryl 36 methoxychlor 36-38 36 mirex 39 p,p'-DDE 36, 38 naphthaleneacetic acid 36 o,p'-DDT 36-38 nicotine 36 p,p'-DDT 36-38 parathion 36 diazinon 36 parathion-methyl 36 dichlone 36 Perthane 39 dieldrin 36, 39 piperonyl butoxide 36 dodine 36 3,6-pyridazinedione, 1,2-dihydro- (maleic endrin 36, 38 hydrazide) 36 36 sulphenone 36 fenchlorphos 36 TDE 37, 38 gamma-HCH 36, 38 thiram 36

Most of the activities related to pesticides formerly methods are described in the annual supplements to undertaken by the Food and Drug Administration this handbook (37-39). The pesticides for which offi- have now been transferred to the Environmental cial AOAC residue analytical methods are available Protection Agency. This body, established in 1970, are listed in Table 7. is responsible for " pesticides registration activities The FDA multiresidue method described above designed to assure compliance of present and pro- has been adopted by AOAC for the determination posed products with requirements for safety and of 12 organochlorine pesticide residues c on 33 crops, effectiveness ,. a The Food and Drug Administra- in dairy products, and in vegetable oils and of 6 tion, however, continues to conduct research and organophosphorus pesticide residues ' on 2 crops. develop standards " on the composition ... and The 11th edition of Official methods of analysis safety of foods " and " research designed to improve includes a second multiresidue method, based on the detection, prevention, and control of contami- sweep codistillation cleanup, that is applicable to the nation that may be responsible for illness or injury determination of 6 organophosphorus pesticide resi- conveyed by foods ".b FDA also retains the respon- dues e on 7 crops. sibility of enforcing the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in so far as pesticide residues in food are con- Expression ofanalytical results cerned (i.e., the determination of residues in mar- The results of pesticide residue analyses should, in keted foods). accordance with the recommendation of the IUPAC AOAC. The pesticide residue methods of the Asso- C ommission on Pesticide Residue Analysis (54), ciation of Official Analytical Chemists are developed always be expressed in SI units (e.g., mg/kg, ng/kg). and validated by the same procedure as is used for Terms such as " ppm " and " ppb ", which are am- methods for the analysis of pesticides, which has biguous and misleading, should be avoided. This already been described. The methods are included in cAldrin, p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, dieldrin, Official methods of analysis (36), and changes in endrin, HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane, methoxychlor, and p,p'-TDE. a OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER. United States govern- d Carbophenothion, diazinon, ethion, fenchlorphos, ment organization manual 1972/73. Washington, D.C., malathion, parathion, and parathion-methyl. 1972, p. 405. e Carbophenothion, diazinon, ethion, malathion, para- bi Ibid., p. 215. thion, and parathion-methyl. PESTCIDES 1 83

Table 8. WHO specifications for pesticide-application equipment for vector control Description Specification sprayers compression type, hand-operated WHO/EQP/1.R3 hand type, intermittent WHO/EQP/2.R1 stirrup pump type, single barrel WHO/EQP/3.R3 dusters hand-activated plunger type, hand-carried WHO/EQP/4.R2 hand-activated rotary type, front-carried WHO/EQP/5.RI aerosol dispensers single-use type, for disinsection of aircraft WHO/EQP/6 multi-use type, for disinsection of aircraft WHO/EQP/7 multi-use domestic type WHO/EQP/8 rule, of course, applies not only to the results of from WHO.b The specifications that are available at pesticide residue analyses but to all expressions of present are listed in Table 8. Additional information concentration.a on this and other equipment, and recommendations concerning its optimum use and its maintenance, are contained in the 18th report of the WHO Expert APPLICATION Committee on Insecticides (67). As previously noted, the improper application of Hazards andprecautions pesticides may result in the failure of control, hazards to operators, contamination of the environment, and Every WHO pesticide specification includes a the presence of dangerous residues in food. It is " minimum cautionary notice " that must be printed therefore essential that due precautions be taken in on the label of every pesticide container. This notice the application of pesticides and advisable that, draws attention to any hazards presented by the where they are available, standard methods and pesticide in question, outlines the precautions that equipment be used. should be taken in handling it, and-where appro- priate-describes the emergency measures to be taken Methods and to be administered in case ofpoisoning. The WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides has These requirements are drawn up by the WHO made numerous recommendations on methods for Expert Committee on Insecticides (68, 69) and are the application of pesticides. A detailed list of recom- included in the collection of specifications referred to mended methods of vector control, emphasizing to previously (35).c techniques that give the maximum level of control The WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides has together with safety, is included in the 17th report of on several occasions made recommendations con- the Committee (65). cerning the safe use of pesticides in vector-control programmes (68, 69), and the methods described in Equipment the document referred to above (65) are designed to Specifications for standard spraying and dusting give the maximum level of control together with equipment and aerosol dispensers have also been safety to personnel and to nontarget organisms. More drawn up by the WHO Expert Committee on Insec- recently, the Committee has made additional recom- ticides and are included in a WHO guide to vector- mendations on safety precautions in its 20th report control equipment (66). Like the specifications for b See address No. 6 (a) under SOURCES OF FURTHER pesticides, these specifications may be revised from INFORMATION, page 185. time to time; further information can be obtained c Label requirements for a much larger number of pesti- cides have been drawn up by national regulatory agencies, a See also IUPAC Information bulletin: Appendices on particularly in the USA. Further information may be tentative nomenclature, symbols, units, and standards, No. 1, obtained from: Pesticides Regulation Division, US Environ- p. 34 (1969). mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20250, USA. 184 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Table 9. Pesticides for which acceptable daily intake levels have been recommended

acarol demeton-O + demeton-S mancozeb aldrin demeton-S-methyl maneb azinphos-methyl demeton-S-methylsulphon benzenamine, N-phenyl- diazinon methoxychlor (diphenylamine) dichlorvos binapacryl 1,1'-biphenyl dieldrin nabam (1,1'-biphenyl)-2-ol dimethoate (2-phenylphenol) oxydemeton-methyl bromide, inorganic diquat paraquat bromophos parathion bromophos-ethyl Dursban parathion-methyl captafol endosulfan captan endrin carbamodithioates ethion piperonyl butoxide carbaryl ethoxyquin propoxur carbophenothion fenchlorphos pyrethrins chlorbenside fenitrothion quintozene chlordane fensulfothion stannane, tricyclohexyl- chlorfenson fenthion hydroxy- fentin compounds thiabendazole chlormequat ferbam thiometon chlorobenzilate folpet thiophanate-methyl chlorodimeform formothion thiram gamma-HCH trichlorfon crufomate heptachlor zineb 2,4-D hydrogen cyanide ziram DDT malathion

(70). The latter document also contains a summary ticide Residues. As previously noted, these reports of methods for the treatment of poisoning with are published in the FAO Agricultural studies series , organophosphorus, and organochlorine and the WHO Technical report series. Background compounds. information, including the results of toxicological Recommendations on the safe use of pesticides on evaluations, is published in the WHO Pesticide resi- board ships have been made by the Inter-Governmen- dues series and in FAO documents. Depending on the tal Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO).a information that is available, the Committees recom- mend " acceptable daily intakes " and "residue ACCEPTABLE LEVELS OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD] limits" (these terms are defined in the Committees' reports). Acceptable daily intake levels have now Although both FAO and WHO are concerned been recommended for more than 80 pesticides (see with the establishment of recommended limits for Table 9), and residue limits of one kind or another pesticide residues in food, this is primarily the con- have been recommended for about 400 different cern of FAO, while the toxicological evaluation of pesticide-food combinations.b The most complete pesticide residues-an essential preliminary to the list of such levels is included in the report of the 1972 establishment of an acceptable level-is the respon- joint meeting of the two committees (71), while recent sibility of WHO. modifications and revisions are included in the report Recommendations concerning safe levels of resi- of the 1973 meeting (72). The results of recent toxi- dues in food products are made in the joint reports cological evaluations are contained in the first two of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide volumes of the WHO Pesticide residues series (73, Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pes- 74); data on earlier evaluations will be found in FAO and WHO documents (75-81). a IMCO. MARITIME SAFETY COMMITTEE. SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS. Rec6mmendations b Further information can be obtained from addresses 3 on the safe use of pesticides in ships. London, 1971. and 6 (d) under SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION, page 185. PESTICIDES 185

PESTICIDE RESISTANCE for the performance of the tests. The procedures and kits are fully described in a series of annexes to the Standard test procedures for the detection and 17th report of the WHO Expert Committee on measurement of resistance to pesticides have been Insecticides (82), and further information can be developed by WHO for a wide range ofinsect vectors, obtained from WHO.a for certain insect pests, and for rodents, and standard a See address No. 6 (a) under SOURCES OF FURTHER kits of apparatus and pesticide samples are available INFORMATION, below.

SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION

1. ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS All other institutions and persons should address their The Association of Official Analytical Chemists inquiries to the national standards body of their own Box 540, Benjamin Franklin Station country. Washington, D.C. 20044 5. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED USA CHEMISTRY 2. COLLABORATIVE INTERNATIONAL PESTICIDES ANA- IUPAC Secretariat LYTICAL COUNCIL Bank Court Chambers Ing. J. Henriet, Secretary, CIPAC 2-3 Pound Way Station de Phytopharmacie de l'Etat Cowley Centre rue du Bordia 11 Oxford OX4 3YF 5800 Gembloux England Belgium 6. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 3. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE World Health Organization UNITED NATIONS 1211 Geneva 27 Plant Protection Service Switzerland Plant Production and Protection Division Inquiries should be addressed as follows: Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (a) Vector Biology and Control at the above Via delle Terme di Caracalla address 00100 Rome WHO specifications for pesticides, WHO meth- Italy ods for the analysis of pesticides (not pesticide residues in food), methods of application, 4. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARD- equipment, measurement of pesticide resistance IZATION ISO Central Secretariat (b) Food Additives at the above address 1, rue de Varembe toxicological evaluations of pesticide residues in 1211 Geneva 27 food, acceptable levels of such residues (inquiries Switzerland regarding methods of pesticide residue analysis recommended by the joint FAO/WHO commit- NOTE: Inquiries about ISO documents should be tee should be addressed to FAO) sent to the above address only by international organiza- tions and by institutions and individuals in countries (c) Distribution and Sales at the above address where an ISO member body has not yet been established. availability and prices of WHO publications

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the following persons for supplying information or for reading the sections of the manuscript pertaining to the activities of their organizations: Dr A. V. Adam, Plant Protection Service, FAO; Mr Robert E. Caswell, Criteria and Evaluation Division, US Environmental Protection Agency; Dr N. Chopra, Director, Technical Coordina- tion, ISO Central Secretariat; Mr Luther G. Ensminger, Executive Secretary, AOAC; Dr R. A. E. Galley, former Chairman, IUPAC Commission on Pesticide Residue Analysis; Ing. J. Henriet, Secretary, CIPAC; Dr F. C. Lu, Chief, Food Additives, WHO; Dr E. E. Turtle, Plant Protection Service, FAO; Dr G. Vettorazzi, Food Additives, WHO; and Dr M. Williams, Executive Secretary, IUPAC. One of us (DAL) thanks his wife for her assistance with the preparation of the annexes. 186 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

REFERENCES

NOMENCLATURE 12. .. .Azinphos-methyl and azinphos-ethyl. Rome, 1971 (AGP:CP/41). American Chemical Society 13. ... Camphechlor. Rome, 1971 (AGP: CP/35). 1. ACS. CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE. Selection of 14. ...Captan. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/57). index names for chemical substances. Section IV of 15. ...Carbaryl. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/55), the volume 76 Index guide. Columbus, Ohio, Che- 16. ...Chlorbenside. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/56). mical Abstracts Service, 1972. 17. ...2,4-D. Rome, 1971 (AGP: CP/40). 18....DDT. Rome, 1971 (AGP:CP/37). International Organization for Standardization 19. .. .Demeton, demeton-S-methyl, and thiometon. 2. ISO. ISO recommendation R 1750, Common names Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/54). for chemicals and plant growth regula- 20. ...Diazinon. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/53). tors. Geneva, 1970. 21. ...Dicamba. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/59). 3. ISO. Addendum 1 to ISO recommendation R 1750. 22. ...Diquat and paraquat. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/50). Geneva, 1970. 23. ...Endosulfan. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/49). 4. ISO. Addendum 2 to ISO recommendation R 1750. 24. ...Endrin. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/46). Geneva, 1970. 25. ...Fentin acetate and fentin hydroxide. Rome, 1973 5. ISO. Addendum 3 to ISO recommendation R 1750. (AGP: CP/60). Geneva, 1972. 26. ... Gamma-BHC (lindane grade). Rome, 1971 6. ISO. Addendum 4 to ISO recommendation R 1750. (AGP: CP/34.) Geneva, 1973. 27. ... HEOD (dieldrin products). Rome, 1971 (AGP: 7. ISO. Addendum 5 to ISO recommendation R 1750. CP/36). Geneva, 1973. 28. ... Heptachlor and chlordane. Rome, 1973 (AGP: 8. ISO. ISO recommendation R 257, Principles for the CP/47). selection of common names for pest control che- 29. ... HHDN [i.e., aldrin products]. Rome, 1971 micals and plant growth regulators. 2nd ed. Geneva, (AGP: CP/38). 1971. 30. ...MCPA. Rome, 1973 (AGP: CP/48). NoTE: Publications 2-8 above are also available 31. ...Parathion. Rome, 1971 (AGP:CP/32). in French and Russian editions. 32. ...Parathion-methyl. Rome, 1971 (AGP: CP/33). 9. ISO. ISO recommendation R 765, Pesticides con- 33. ...Pyrethrum and piperonyl butoxide. Rome, 1971 sidered not to require common names, first list. (AGP: CP/39). Geneva, 1968. 34. ... Sulphur and lime-sulphur. Rome, 1973 (AGP: 10. ISO. ISO recommendation R 1105, Pesticides con- CP/58). sidered not to require common names, second list. Geneva, 1969. World Health Organization NoTE: Publications 9 and 10 above are available 35. WHO. Specifications for pesticides used in public only in a trilingual edition (English, French, and health. 4th ed. Geneva, 1973. Russian). ANALYSIS SPECIFICATIONS Association of Official Analytical Chemists & US Food Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Drug Administration 11. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON THE OFFICAL 36. AOAC. Official methods of analysis of the Associa- CONTROL OF PESTICMDES: SECTION B (SPECICATIONS). tion of Official Analytical Chemists. 11th ed. Manual on the use of FAO specifications for plant Washington, D.C., 1970. protection products. Rome, 1971 (FAO Agricultural 37. AOAC. Changes in official methods of analysis made Development Paper No. 93). at the eighty-fourth annual meeting, October 12-15, NoTE: This booklet is also published in French 1970. Washington, D.C., 1971 (lst supplement to and Spanish. Official methods of analysis, 11th ed.). To save space, only the subtitles ofthe following book- 38. AOAC. Changes in offlcial methods of analysis made lets are listed. The author of each is the FAO at the eighty-fifth annual meeting, October 11-14, WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON THE OFFICIAL 1971. Washington, D.C., 1972 (2nd supplement to CONTROL OF PESTICIDES: SECTION B (SPECIFICA- Official methods ofanalysis, 11th ed.). TIONS), and the series title is FAO specifications for 39. AOAC. Changes in official methods of analysis made plant protection products. at the eighty-sixth annual meeting, October 9-12, PESTICIDES 187

1972. Washington, D.C., 1973 (3rd supplement to pp. 196-208; summary in Journal of the Association Official methods ofanalysis, 11th ed.). of Official Analytical Chemists, 53 (5); 1004-1009 40. USFDA. Pesticide analytical manual, vol. I. Methods (1970). which detect multiple residues. Washington, D.C., 54. IUPAC COMMSSION ON PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANA- 1968 (and subsequent revisions). LYSIS. [Report of the fifth meeting, 1970.] IUPAC 41. Ibid., chap. 2, sections 211 (methods for fatty foods) Information bulletin, No. 40 (1971); summary in and 212 (methods for nonfatty foods); GLC and Journal of the Association of Official Analytical TLC methods of determination are described in Chemists, 54 (6): 1332-1339 (1971). chapters 3 and 4, respectively. 55. IUPAC COMMISSION ON PESTICIDE RESIDuE ANA- 42. Ibid., chap. 2, section 252. LYSIS. [Report of the sixth meeting, 1971.] In: IUPAC. 43. USFDA. Pesticide analytical manual, vol. II. Comptes rendus XXVI conference, 1971, pp. 247- Methods for individual pesticide residues. Washing- 259; summary in Journal ofthe Association ofOfficial ton, D.C., 1964 (and subsequent revisions). Analytical Chemists (in press). 44. BURKE, J. A. Development of the Food and Drug 56. IUPAC COMMISSION ON PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANA- Administration's method of analysis for multiple LYSIS. [Report of the seventh meeting, 1973.1 In: residues of organochlorine pesticides in foods and IUPAC. Comptes rendus XXVII conference, 1973 feeds. Residue reviews, 34: 59-90 (1971). (in press); summary in Journal of the Association of 45. MILLs, P. A. Detection and semiquantitative estima- Official Analytical Chemists (in press). tion of chlorinated organic pesticide residues in food 57. IUPAC COMMISSION ON TERMINAL RESIDUES. [Report by paper chromatography. Journal of the Association of the first meeting, 1966.] Journal of the Asso- ofOfficial Analytical Chemists, 42 (4): 734-740 (1959). ciation of Official Analytical Chemists, 50 (5): 1071- 46. MILLS, P. A. ET AL. Rapid method for chlorinated 1088 (1967). pesticide residues in nonfatty foods. Journal of the 58. IUPAC COMMISION ON TERMINAL RESIDUES. [Report Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 46 (2): of the second meeting, 1967.] IUPAC Information 186-191 (1963). bulletin, No. 32, pp. 81-84, 89-163 (1968); summary 47. MiLLs, P. A. ET AL. Elution solvent system for in Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Florisil column cleanup in organochlorine pesticide Chemists, 51 (2): 372-378 (1968). residue analysis. Journal of the Association of Official 59. IUPAC COMMISsION ON TERMNAL RESIDU. [Report Analytical Chemists, 55 (1): 39-43 (1972). of the third meeting, 1968.] IUPAC Information 48. STORHERR, R. W. Err AL. A general method for bulletin, No. 34, pp. 35-42 (1969); summary in organophosphorus pesticide residues in nonfatty Journal of the Association of Official Analytical foods. Journal ofthe Association ofOfficial Analytical Chemists, 52 (2): 299-307 (1969). Chemists, 54 (3): 513-516 (1971). 60. IUPAC COMMISSION ON TERMINAL RESIUES. [Report of the fourth meeting, 1969.] In: IUPAC. Comptes Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council rendus XXV conference, 1969, pp. 168-195; sum- 49. CIPAC. CIPAC handbook, vol. I. Analysis of tech- mary in Journal of the Association of Official Analy- nical and formulated pesticides. London, 1970. tical Chemists, 53 (5): 987-1003 (1970). NOTE: This publication may be obtained from 61. IUPAC CoMMsION ON TERMNAL RESIDUES. [Report W. Heffer & Sons, Hills Road, Cambridge, England. of the fifth meeting, 1970.] IUPAC Information bulletin, No. 40 (1971); summary in Journal of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 54 (6): 50. IUPAC COMMISSION ON PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANA- 1316-1331 (1971). LYSIS. [Report of the first meeting, 1966]. Journal of 62. IUPAC COMMIsSION ON TERMNAL RESIDUES. [Report the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 50 of the sixth meeting, 1971.] In: IUPAC. Comptes (5): 1067-1071 (1967). rendus XXV1 conference, 1971, pp. 225-246; sum- 51. IUPAC COMMSSION ON PESTICIDE REsmuE ANA- mary in Journal of the Association of Official Analy- LYSIS. [Report of the second meeting, 1967.) IUPAC tical Chemists (in press). Information bulletin, No. 32, pp. 85-63 (1968); sum- 63. IUPAC COMMISSION ON TERMINAL RESIDUES. [Report mary in Journal of the Association of Official Analy- of the seventh meeting, 1973.] In: IUPAC. Comptes tical Chemists, 51 (2): 365-372 (1968). rendus XXVII conference, 1973 (in press); summary 52. IUPAC COMMISSION ON PESTICIDE REsmuE ANA- in Journal of the Association of Official Analytical LYSIS. [Report of rhe third meeting, 1968.] IUPAC Chemists (in press). Information bulletin, No. 34, pp. 43-47 (1969); summary in Journal of the Association of Official Miscellaneous Analytical Chemists, 52 (2): 306-309 (1969). 64. ABBOTT, D. C. ET AL. Pesticide residues in the total 53. IUPAC COMMISSION ON PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANA- diet in England and Wales, 1966-1967: III. Organo- LYSIS. [Report of the fourth meeting, 1969.] In: phosphorus pesticide residues. Pesticide science, 1 IUPAC. Comptes rendus XXV conference, 1970, (1): 10-13 (1970). 188 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

APPLICATION OF PESTICIDES CIDE RESIDuES. 1972 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food: the monographs. Geneva, in press Methods (WHO Pesticide residues series, No. 2). 65. WHO EXPERT CommITrEE ON INSECTICIDES. Chemical 75. FAO CoMITTEE ON PEsTICIEs IN AGRICULTURE methods for the control of vectors and pests of public & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTICIDE RESI- health importance. In: Insecticide resistance and DUES. Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues vector control. Geneva, 1970, pp. 165-279 (WHO in food. Geneva, Rome, 1964 (WHO/Food Add./23; Technical report series, No. 443). FAO Meeting report No. PL/1963/13). 76. FAO CoMmITTEE ON PESTICIDES IN AGRICULTURE Equipment & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESIICIDE RESI- DUES. Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues 66. WoRLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Equipment for in food. Geneva, Rome, 1965 (WHO/Food Add./ vector control. 2nd ed. Geneva, 1974 (in preparation). No. PL/1965/10) (see 67. WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON INSECTICIDES. Appli- 26.65; FAO Meeting report 1971 also documents WHO/Food Add./27.65, FAO cation and dispersal of pesticides. Geneva, Meeting report No. PL/1965/10/1). (WHO Technical Report series, No. 465). 77. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS OF PESTICIDE Hazards andprecautions RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTI- CIDE RESIDUES. Evaluation of some pesticide residues 68. WHO EXPERT CoMMnTTEE ON INSECTICIDES. Toxic in food. Geneva, Rome, 1967 (WHO/Food Add./ hazards of pesticides to man. Geneva, 1962 (WHO 67.32; FAO/PL:CP/15). Technical report series, No. 227). 78. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE 69. WHO EXPERT COMMrrrEE ON INSECTICIDES. Safe use RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMTEE ON PESTI- of pesticides in public health. Geneva, 1967 (WHO CIDE RESIDUES. 1967 evaluation of some pesticide Technical report series, No. 356). residues in food. Geneva, Rome, 1968 (WHO/Food 70. WHO EXPERT COMMIrTEE ON INSECTICIDES. Safe use Add./68/30; FAO/PL:1967/M/I 1). of pesticides. Geneva, 1973 (WHO Technical report 79. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE series, No. 513). RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTI- CIDE RESIDUES. 1968 evaluations of some pesticide LEVELS OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES residues in food. Geneva, Rome, 1969 (WHO/Food ACCEPTABLE Add./69/35; FAO/PL:1968/M/9/1). 71. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE 80. FAO WORKING PARTY oF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTI- RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTICIDE CIDE RESIDUES. Pesticide residues in food [report of RESIDUES. 1969 evaluations of some pesticide resi- the 1972 joint meeting]. Geneva, Rome, 1973 (WHO dues in food. Geneva, Rome, 1970 (WHO/Food Technical report series, No. 525; FAO Agricultural Add./70.38; FAO/PL:1969/M/17/1). studies, No. 90). 81. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE 72. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT CoMMrrrEE ON PESTI- RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON PESTI- CIDE RESIDUES. 1970 evaluations of some pesticide CIDE RESIDUES. Perticide residues in food [report of residues in food. Geneva, Rome, 1971 (WHO/Food the 1973 joint meeting]. Geneva, Rome, 1974 (in Add./71.42; FAO/AGP/1970/M/12/1). press). 73. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE PESTICIDE RESISTANCE RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COMMTEE ON PESTI- CIDE RESIDUES. 1971 evaluations of some pesticide 82. WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON INSECTICIDES. Proce- residues in food: the monographs. Geneva, 1972 dures for the determination of resistance of pests to (WHO Pesticide residues series, No. 1). pesticides. In: Insecticide resistance and vector con- 74. FAO WORKING PARTY OF EXPERTS ON PESTICIDE trol. Geneva, 1970, pp. 46-164 (WHO Technical RESIDUES & WHO EXPERT COmmrrTEE ON PESTI- report series, No. 443). PETICIDES 189

Annexes PESTICIDE NOMENCLATURE

HOW TO USE THE LISTS 1. To determine whether or not a given name is an ISO common name Look up the name in Annex 1, which is an alphabetic list of ISO-approved common names. 2. To determine the chemical name for a pesticide that has an ISO common name (a) If the ISO name is known, look it up in Annex 1 and find the number assigned to the pesticide; then look up that number in Annex 2. (b) If the ISO name is not known, look up another common name or a proprietary name in Annex 2, where a cross-reference to the chemical name will be found. 3. Given a non-ISO common name or a proprietary name, to determine the ISO name Look up the name in Annex 2, where a cross reference will be found. 4. To determine chemical names and national and other common names for pesticides for which ISO names are not available Use Annex 3. Further explanation is given at the beginning of each Annex.

Annex 1 ...... page 190 Annex 2 ...... page 192 Annex 3 ...... page 200

6 190 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Annex 1 ISO COMMON NAMES FOR PESTICIDES

NOTE: The numbers in parentheses are given for the purpose of determining the chemical names of the pesticides (see Annex 2). (2520) (1480) dichlorprop (2570) aldrin (1130) chlorfenac (0310) dichlorvos (1910) allethrin (1070) chlorfenethol (0360) dicofol (0370) allidochlor (0010) chlorfenprop-methyl (0380) (1920) allyxycarb (1700) chlorfenson (0400) dieldrin (1150) ametryn (2980) chlorfensulphide (1110) difenoxuron (3220) amidithion (2200) chlorfenvinphos (1870) dimefox (1970) (1670) chlorflurazole (0410) dimethirimol (2670) amitrole (3030) chlorflurenol (1250) dimethoate (2120) anilazine (2860) chlormephos (1990) dimethrin (1050) antu (2830) chlormequat a (1230) dimexano (2800) (0750) chlorobenzilate (0280) dinex (1660) atraton (2970) chloroneb (0170) dinobuton (0960) atrazine (2920) chlorophacinone (1320) dinocap (0700) azinphos-ethyl (2090) chloropon (2580) dinocton (0950) azinphos-methyl (2140) chloropropylate (0290) dinopenton (0940) aziprotryne (2850) chlorotoluron (3100) dinoprop (1790) azithiram (1200) (3110) dinosam (1720) azothoate (2270) chloroxynil (0540) dinoseb (1800) barban (0760) chlorphonium a (1830) dinosulfon (0980) benazolin (0600) chlorphoxim (0320) dinoterb b (1680) (0120) chlorpropham (0770) dinoterbon (0930) benquinox (0460) chlorthal b (0350) dioxacarb (1690) (1980) chlorthiamid (0340) dioxathion (2150) benzthiazuron (3050) coumachlor (0560) diphacinone (1340) BHC or HCH (1000) coumafuryl (0570) diphenamid (0270) binapacryl (0730) coumaphos (2250) diquat a (1 1 90) bioresmethrin (1090) coumatetralyl (0590) disul (1240) (2660) coumithoate (2380) disulfoton (2050) bromocyclen (0610) 4-CPA (0050) dithianon (1550) bromofenoxim (0090) crimidine (2640) diuron (3160) bromophos (2240) crotoxyphos (0720) DNOC (1750) bromophos-ethyl (2230) cyanthoate (2280) dodemorph (1490) (0520) cycluron (3150) dodicin (1270) brompyrazon (2610) cypromid (1040) dodine (1280) butacarb (1630) 2,4-D (0060) drazoxolon (1380) butonate (0670) dazomet (2780) endosulfan (1430) buturon (3140) decafentin (2750) endothal-sodium (1560) camphechlor (0740) decarbofuran (0450) endothion (2510) captafol (1360) -O (2430) endrin (1160) captan (1370) demephion-S (2440) EPTC (0920) carbanolate (1650) demeton-O (2330) erbon (2560) carbaryl (1540) demeton-O-methyl (2490) ethion (2220) carbasulam (0810) demeton-S (2340) ethirimol (2680) carbetamide (2540) demeton-S-methyl (2500) ethoate-methyl (2170) carbophenothion (2010) demeton-S-methylsulphon (2480) ethoxyquin (2690) carboxin (1580) desmetryn (3020) etinofen (1710) chinomethionat (1210) di-allate (0890) fenazaflor (0440) chloramben (0470) diazinon (2350) fenchlorphos (2460) chloranocryl (2600) dicamba (0480) fenitrothion (2420) chlorbenside (0150) dichlobenil (0530) (2590) chlorbicyclen (0620) dichlofenthion (2300) fenson (0390) chlorbromuron (3060) dichlofluanid (1410) fensulfothion (2360) chlorbufam (0780) dichlone (1530) fenthion (2410) chlordane (1450) (1760) fentin a (2840) PESTICIDES 191

Annex I (continued) fenuron (3200) metobromuron (3070) prothidathion (2070) ferbam (1350) metoxuron (3090) (2080) fluenetil (0630) mevinphos (0710) proxan-sodium or proxan-Na flumezin (1570) (1960) (0970) fluometuron (3210) monalide (1610) pyresmethrin (1100) fluorbenside (0160) monocrotophos (1930) pyridinitril (2630) fluorodifen (0210) (3130) quinazamid (1290) fluoromidine (1310) monuron (3120) quintozene (0220) flurenol (1260) morfamquat a (0640) (1080) (1840) morphothion (2130) rhodethanil (0130) (1420) nabam (0870) schradan (1170) formothion (2190) (1900) sebuthylazine (2930) (1730) naptalam (0490) siduron (3230) fuberidazole (0420) neburon (3080) simazine (2890) gamma-HCH or gamma-BHC niclosamide (0100) simetryn (2950) (1010) (0190) sophamide (2110) glyodin (1300) norbormide (1470) streptomycin c (2760) (2710) noruron (3190) sulfallate (0860) HCH or BHC (1000) omethoate (2390) (2790) HEOD (1140) oxapyrazon (0030) sultropen (0200) heptachlor (1440) oxine-copper or oxine-Cu (0990) 2,4,5-T (0080) HHDN (1120) oxycarboxin (1590) 2,4,5-TB (0690) ioxynil (0550) oxydemeton-methyl (2470) 2,3,6-TBA (0500) ipazine (2900) oxydisulfoton (2040) TCA d (0070) (1460) oxytetracycline (1520) TDE (0180) isocil (2650) paraquat a (0650) tecnazene (0230) isonoruron (3180) parathion (2370) TEPP (1180) jodfenphos (2290) parathion-methyl (2450) terbucarb (1640) kelevan (1475) pebulate (0910) (2910) lenacil (1030) pentanochlor (1600) terbutryn (2960) lindane (1020) phenkapton (2030) (1890) (3170) phenmedipham (0820) (0240) lythidathion (2160) (0300) (1060) malathion (0660) phorate (2060) tetrasul (0250) mancozeb (1400) phosalone (2000) thiabendazole (0430) maneb (1390) (2100) thiometon (2180) mazidox (1950) phosnichlor (2260) thiophanate (0840) MCPA (0040) phosphamidon (1880) thiophanate-methyl (0850) MCPB (0680) (0330) thioquinox (1220) mebenil (0110) (2620) thiram (2810) mecarbam (0790) pindone (1330) tri-allate (0900) mecarphon (1850) (0800) triamiphos (1820) mecoprop (2550) pirimiphos-ethyl (2320) tricamba (0510) medinoterb b (1740) pirimiphos-methyl (2310) trichlorfon (1810) menazon (2020) (1780) trichloronat (1860) metam-sodium (0880) (3000) tridemorph (1500) methabenzthiazuron (3040) prometryn (2870) trietazine (2940) methidathion (2210) (0020) trifenmorph (1510) methiuron (2820) (2530) trifluralin (0140) methocrotophos (1940) propargite (2770) vamidothion (2400) methometon (2990) propazine (2880) warfarin (0580) methoprotryne (3010) propham (0830) zineb (3250) methoquin-butyl (2700) propineb (3260) ziram (3240) methoxychlor (0260) propoxur (1770)

a The anion present should be specified-e.g., paraquat dichloride. b The ester present should be specified-e.g., dinoterb acetate. c The salt should be specified-e.g., dibase trissulfate. d Attention is drawn to the fact that - TCA ' is the ISO name for the sodium salt of trichloroacetic acid and not, as in many countries, the name,for the free acid. 192 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Annex 2

CHEMICAL NAMES, ISO NAMES, OTHER COMMON NAMES, AND PROPRIETARY NAMES FOR PESTICIDES

Pesticides are included in this tabulation only if ISO has published common names for them or if they are esters or other compounds of substances having ISO names. The pesticides are listed by chemical name in CA inverted form. Following the chemical name, the English and French versions of the ISO name are given in italics within parentheses. If the English and French names are identical, only one name is given; if they differ, the English name is given first and the French second. Example of how to use the table: to find the chemical name and the ISO common name for " carbathion ", look up the latter, where the cross-reference " carbathion: 0880 " will be found. Under entry 0880 it will be found that " carbathion " is the S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl) ester of bis(1-methylethyl)carbamothioic acid, and that its ISO common names are di-allate (English) and diallate (French). The use of plus signs in cross-references indicates that the pesticides concerned are mixtures of the substances listed (the order in which they are listed does not necessarily reflect the proportions of the different constituents). Attention is drawn to the fact that a few pesticides listed in this annex also appear in Annex 3 if a professional society or national body has adopted common names for them. Thus " disugran " is identified in Annex 2 as the methyl ester of dicamba, while Annex 3 identifies it as the name adopted by the American National Standards Institute for that ester. Errors and omissions excepted, proprietary names are distinguished by an initial capital letter.

666: 1000 Alicap: 0780 + 5-amino-4-chloro-2- azinphosethyl: 2090 AAT: 2370 phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone azinphosmethyl: 2140 Aatrox: 2920 Alipur: 0780 + 3150 aziprotryn: 2850 Acaralate: 0290 Alkron: 2370 Azodrin: 1930 Accothion: 2420 allethrin, trans-(+): see C 1780 acetamide in Annex 3 0010-, 2-chloro-N,N-di-2-propenyl- Alodan: 06201 Balan: 0120 (allidochlor, allidochlore) Alugan: 0610 Banol: 1650 0020-, 2-chloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-N- Ametryn: 2980 Banvel: 0480 phenyl- (propachlor, propachlore) ametryne: 2980 Banvel D: 0480 compd with acetic acid amiben, Amiben: 0470 N-methylmethanamine (1 1) -, [(5-bromo.1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-1- amitrol: 3030 Banvel K: 0480 phenyl-4-pyridazlnyl)amlno]- Amizine: 2890 Banvel M: 0480 oxo- Anflix: 2190 Banvel P: 0480 0030 compd with 2-(dimethylamino)- Animert: 0250 Banvel T: 0510 (1 :1) (oxapyrazon, Animert V-101 : 0250 barbamate: 0760 oxapyrazone) Aniten: butyl ester of 1260 Baron: 2560 0040 -, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)- Aniten S: 1260 + ammonium Basamid: 2780 (MCPA) (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetate Basanor: 2610 + 3180 0050-, 4-(chlorophenoxy)- (4-CPA) Anthio, ANTHIO: 2190 Basfitox: 3140 + 3180 0060 -, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- (2,4-D) Antinonin: 1750 Basudin: 2350 -, trichloro- antiphen: 1760 Baycid: 2410 0070 sodium salt (TCA) Antracol: 3260 Baygon: 1770 0080 -, (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- ANTU: 2830 Bayluscid: 0100 (2,4,5-T) Aquacide: 1190 dibromide Baytex: 2410 Acrex: 0960 Aquathol Plus: 2590 + potassium Baythion: 0330 Acricid: 0730 analog of 1560 benchinox: 0460 Actosin: 0580 Arasan: 2810 benefin: 0120 Actril: 0550 Arasan 42S: 2810 Benlate T: 2810 + " benomyl" Actril D: 0060 + 0550 Arathane: 0700 (see C 0505 in Annex 3) Aerial Grammoxone: 0650 bis(me- Aresin: 3130 Benzabor: 0500 compd with N-methyl- thyl sulfate) Aretit: 1800 acetate methanamine (1 :1) Afalon: 3170 Arezine: 3130 Benzac: 0500 compd with N-methyl- Afos: 0790 arprocarb: a 1670, 1770 methanamine (1: 1) Agrimycin: 2760 Asulox: 0750 benzaldehyde Agrimycin 100: 1520 + 2760 Asuntol: 2250 0090 -, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-O- Agrisil: 1860 3A-T: 3030 (2,4-dinitrophenyl)oxime Agri-Strep: 2760 ATA: 3030 (bromofenoxim, bromophenoxime) Agritox: 1860 Atlasetox: 2430 + 2440 benzamide Agroxone: 0040 Atratol: 2920 0100-, 5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitro- Akar: 0280 atratone: 2970 phenyl)-2-hydroxy- Alamos: 2270 Avadex: 0890 (niclosamide) alanap, Alanap: 0490 Avadex BW: 0900 0110-, 2-methyl-N-phenyl- (mebenil, Alanap-1 : 0490 Azak: 1640 mebenil) Alfacron: 2290 azidithion: 2020 benzenamine PESTICIDES 193

0120-, N-butyl-N-ethyl-2,6-dinitro-4 0450 methylcarbamate (decarbofuran, 0660 diethyl ester (malathion) (trifluoromethyl)- (benfluralin, decarbofuran) butanoic acid, esters benfluraline) , hydrazides 0670 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(dimethoxy- 0130-, 2-chloro-N-ethyl-4-thlocyanato- 0460 [(4-(hydroxylmino)-2,5-cyclohexa- phosphinyl)ethyl ester (butonate) (rhodethanil, rodbthanil) dien-1 -ylidene)]hydrazide butanoic acid 0140 -, 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dlpropyl-4-(tri- (benquinox) 0680-, 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)- fluoromethyl)- (trifluralin, benzoic acid (MCPB) trifluraline) 0470 -, 3-amino-2,5-dichloro- 0690-, 4-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- benzene (chloramben, chlorambbne) (2,4,5-TB) 0150 -,1-ch1oro-4-[[(4-ch1orophenyl)- 0480-, 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy- 2-butenoic acid, esters methylthioJ- (chlorbenside) (dicamba) 0700 2,6-dinitro-4-octylphenyl esters, mixt. 0160 -,1-chloro-4-[[(4-fluorophenyl)- 0490 -, 2-[(I-naphthalenylamino)- with 2,4-dinitro-6-octylphenyl thiolmethyl]- (fluorbenside) carbonyll- (naptalam, naptalame) 2-butenoates c (dinocap) 0170 -,11,4-dichloro-2,5-dimethoxy- 0500-, 2,3,6-trichloro- (2,3,6-TBA) 2-butenoic acid (chloroneb, chloronbbe) 0510-, 2,3,5-trichloro-6-methoxy- -, 3-[(d1rnethoxyphosphinyl)ox:Vj- 0180 -, 1,'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)- (tricamba) 0710 methyl ester (mevinphos, mevinphos) bis[4.chloro. (TDE) benzonitrile 0720 1-phenylethyl ester (crotoxyphos) 0190 -, 2,4dichloro-1-(4-nitrophonoxy)- 0520-, 3,5-dibromo4.hydroxy- 0 , 3-methyl- (nitrofen, nitrofene) (bromoxynil) 0730 2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitrophenyl 0200-, 2,4-dinitro-4-(pentylsulfonyl)- 0530-, 2,6-dichloro- (dichlobenil, ester (binapacryl) (sultropen, sultropene) dichlobenil) butilchlorofos: d 0670 0210-, 2-nitro-1-(4-nitrophenoxy)-4- 0540-, 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxy- butirao: 3140 (trifluoromethyl)- (fluorodifen, (chloroxynil) butylhlorophos: 0670 fluorodifbne) 0550-, 4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo- (loxynil) Butyron: 3140 0220-, pentachloronitro- (quintozene, 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one quintozbne) 0560-, 3-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-oxo- 0230 -,1 ,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-nitro- butyll-4-hydroxy- (coumachlor, Caid: 1320 (tecnazene, tecnazene) coumachlore) Calixin: 1500 0240,-, 1,2,4-trichloro-5-[(4-chloro- 0570-, 3-11-(2-furanyl)-3-oxobutyl]-4- 0740 camphenes, chlorinated, mixture phenyl)sulfonyl- (tetradifon, hydroxy- (coumafuryl) containing 67-69 % chlorine tetradifon) 0580-, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenyl- (camphechlor, camphichlore) 0250 -,1 ,2,4-trlchloro-5-[(4-chloro- butyl)- (warfarin, warfarlne) cantrol: 0680 phenyl)thio]- (tetrasul, tetrasul) 0590-, 4-hydroxy-3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1- Caparol: 2870 0260 -, I,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)- naphthalenyl)- (coumatetralyl, carbamic acid bis[4-methoxy- (methoxychlor, coumaittralyl) -, [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]j methoxychlore) 3(2H)-benzothiazoleacetic acid 0750 rnethyl ester (asulam, asulame) benzeneacetamide 0600-, 4-chloro-2-oxo- (benazolin, -,(3-chlorophenyl)- 0270-, N,N.dimethyl-a-phenyl- benazollne) 0760 4-chloro-2-butynyl ester (barban, (diphenamid, difdnamlde) benzyfuroline: 1080 barbane) benzeneacetic acid Beosit: 1430 0770 1-methylethyl ester (chlorpropham, 4.chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl).a- Betanal: 0820 chlorprophame) hydroxy- Betasan: 1980 0780 1-methyl-2-propynyl ester 0280 ethyl ester (chlorobenzilate) bethrodine: 0120 (chlorbufam, chlorbufame) 0290 1-methylethyl ester (chloropropylate) BFPO: 1970 -, [[(diethoxyphosphinothioyl)- a-[(dimethoxyphosphlnothloyi)- BICP: 0780 thio]acety1]methyU- thio]- 0790 ethyl ester (mecarbam, micarbame) bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 0 , dimethyl- 0300 ethyl ester (phenthoate) 0610 -, 5-(bromomethyl)-1,2,3,4,7,7- 0800 2-(dimethylamino)-5,6-dimethyl-4- 0310 -, 2,3,6-trichloro- (chlorfenac, hexachloro- (bromocyclen, pyrimidinyl ester (pirimicarb, chlorfenac) bromocyclbne) pirimicarbe) benzeneacetonitrile 0620 -,1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachloro-5,6-bis- -. [[[4-(methoxycarbonyl)aminoj- 0320 2-chloro-a-[[(diethoxyphos- (chioromethyl)- (chlorbicyclen, phenyl]sulfonyl]- phinothioyl)oxyjimino]- chlorbicyclbne) 0810 methyl ester (carbasulam, (chlorphoxim, chlorphoxime) Bidisin: 0380 carbasulame) 0330-, a.[I(diethoxyphosphinothloyl)- Bidrin: 1920 -, methylphenyl)- oxyliminol- (phoxim, phoxime) Bilarcil: 1810 0820 3-[[(methoxyamino)carbonyl]- benzenecarbothiamide Binnell: 0120 amino]phenyl ester 0340 -, 2,6-dichloro- (chlorthiamid, BiPC: 0780 (phenmedipham, phenmediphame) chlorthiamide) [1,1'-biphenyli 4-acetic acid -, phenyl- 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid 0630 2-fluoroethyl ester (fluenetil, 0830 1-methylethyl ester (propham, 0350 -, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro- (chlorthal) fluenetJI) prophame) benzenemethanol 4,4'-bipyridinium -, [1,2-phenylenebis(iminocarbo- 0360-, 4-chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl)-a- 0640-,1,'-bis[2-(3,5-dimethyl-4- nothioyl)lbis- methyl- (chlorfenethol, morpholinyl)-2-oxoethyl]- 0840 diethyl ester (thiophanate) chlorfenethol) (morfamquat b) 0850 dimethyl ester (thiophanate-methyl, 0370-, 4-chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl)-a- 0650-, 1,1'-dimethyl- (paraquatb) thiophanate-methyl) (trichloromethyl). (dicofol) Birlane: 1870 carbamodithioic acid benzenepropanoic acid Bladafum: 2790 -, diethyl- -, a,4-dichloro- Bladan: 2370 0860 2-chloro-2-propenyl ester (sulfallate) 0380 methyl ester (chlorfenprop-methyl, Bladan 393: 2790 -, 1,2-ethanediylbis- chlorfenprop-methyl) Blattanex: 1770 0870 disodium salt (nabam, nabame) benzenesulfonic acid Brasoran: 2850 -, mothyl- 0390 4-chlorophenyl ester (fenson) Brassicol: 0220 0880 sodium salt (metam-sodlum, -, 4-chloro- Brestan: 2720 m6tam-sodium) 0400 4-chlorophenyl ester (chlorfenson) Brestan 60: 2720 carbamothioic acid IH- Brofene: 2240 -, bis(I-methylethyl)- 0410-, 4,5-dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)- bromchlophos: 1900 0890 S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl) ester (chlorflurazole, chloroflurazole) bromfenoxim: 0090 (di-allate, diallate) 0420-, 2-(2-furanyl)- (fuberidazole, Brominal: 0520 0900 S-(2,3,3-trichloro-2-propenyl) ester fuberidazole) Brominil: 0520 (tri-allate, triallate) 0430-, 2-(4-thiazolyl)- (thiabendazole) Bromodan: 0610 IH-benzimidazole-1-carboxylic brompyrazone: 2610 091001 S-propylbutylethyl-ester (pebulate, pdbulate) acid Brophene: 2240 0 , dipropyl- -, 5,6-dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)- Buctril: 0520 0920 S-ethyl ester (EPTC) 0440 phenyl ester (fenazaflor) butanedloic acid Carbamult: 1780 7-benzofuranol -, [(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)- Carbathion: 0880 -, 2,3-dihydro-2-methyl- thiol- carbethamide: 2540 194 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Carbicron: 1920 1000 mixture of isomers (HCH orlou BHC) Dibrom: 1900 carbonic acid, esters 1010 (1 a,2a,30,4a,5a,6fl)- (gamma-HCH Dicarzol: 1420 0930 ethyl 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4,6- orlou gamma-BHC) dichloresul: 1240 dinitrophenyl ester (dinoterbon) 1020 product containing < 99% of the dichlorfenidim: 3160 0940 2-(1-methylbutyl)-4,6-dinitrophenyl Y-isomer (lindane) dichloroprop: 2570 1-methylethyl ester (dinopenton) IH-cyclopentapyrimidine-2,4- dichlorovos: 1910 0950 methyl 2,4-dinitro-6-octylphenyl (3H,5H)-dione dicryl, Dicryl: 2600 esters, mixt. with methyl 2,6- 1030 -, 3-cyclohexyl-6,7-dihydro- Dicuran: 3100 dinitro-4-octylphenyl carbonates e (lenacil, Ienacil) diethion, di6thion: 2220 (dinocton) cyclopropanecarboxamide difenson: 0400 0960 1 -methylethyl 2-(1 -methylpropyl)-4,-6 1040 -, N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- DIFO: 1970 dinitrophenyl ester (dinobuton) (cypromid, cypromide) Difolatan: 1360 carbonodithloic acid, esters cyclopropanecarboxylic acid dihlorfenidim: d 3160 O-(1-methylethyl) ester -, 2,2-dimethyl-3.(2-methyl-1- Dimecron: 1880 0970 sodium salt (proxan-sodium or propenyl)- 1,4 :5,8-dimethanonaphthalene proxan-Na, proxan-culvre ou 1050 (2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl ester -, 2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5, proxan-Na) (dimethrin, dimethrine) 8,8a-hexahydro- carbonothioic acid, esters 1060 (1 ,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1 ,3-dioxo-2H- 1120 (1 a,4a,4aP,5a,8a,8a0)- (HHDN) 0980 S-methyl O-[2-(1-methylheptyl)-4,6- isoindol-2-yl)methyl ester 1130 product containing <95% [of dinitrophenyl] ester (dinosulfon) (tetramethrin, t6tram6thrine) compd 1120] (aldrin, aldrine) carbophos: 0660 1070 2-methyl-4-oxo-3-(2-propenyl)-2- 2,7: 3,6-dimethanonaphth[2,3-bl- Carbyne: 0760 cyclopenten-1-yl ester (allethrln, oxirene Carzol: 1420 all6thrine) (for trans-(+)-allethrin, -, 3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-la,2,2a,3,- Carzol SP: 1420 monDhydrochloride see C 1780 in Annex 3) 6,6a,7,7a-octahydro- Casoron: 0530 [5-(phenyimethyl)-3-furanyl]methyI 1140 (1 aa,21,2aa,31,66,6aa,7I3,7aa)- (HEOD) Castrix: 2640 ester 1150 product containing 85% [of CCC: 1230 chloride 1080 cis,trans-(±)- (resmethrin, compd 1140] (dieldrin, dieldrine) CDAA: 0010 resm6thrine) 1160 (1 aa,2,0,2a,3,3a,6a,6a9,7fl,7aa)- CDT: 2890 1090 trans-(+)- (bioresmethrin, (endrin, endrine) Cercobin: 0840 bioresmethrine) dimethenthoate: 0300 Ceredon: 0460 cis-(+): see C 1760 in Annex 3 dimethoxon: 2390 cerenoks: d 0460 -, 3-(3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-1- dimethoxy DT: 0260 cerenox: 0460 propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl- dimexan: 2800 Certrol: 0550 [5-(phenylmethyl)-3-furanyl]methyl Dimid: 0270 CET: 2890 ester Dimite: 0360 chinothionat: 1220 1100 trans-(±)- (pyresmethrin, dimpylate: 2350 chlofenvinphos: 1870 pyresmethrine) Dinitrol: 1750 Chloradione: 1320 cyclouron: 3150 dioxydemeton-S-methyl: 2480 Chlordan: 1450 Cycocel: 1230 chloride diphacin, Diphacin: 1340 chlorfenidim: 3120 Cygon: 2120 Diphenacin: 1340 chlorfensone: 0400 Cymetox: 2430 + 2440 : 1340 chlorflurecol: 1250 Cyodrin: 0720 diphosphoramide chlorinat: 0760 Cyprex: 1280 1170-, octamethyl- (schradan, Chlor-kill: 1450 Cytrol: 3030 schradane) chlorocholine chloride: 1230 chloride diphosphoric acid, esters chlorodifon: 0240 1180 tetraethyl ester (TEPP) chlorof6nizon: 0400 dipterex, Dipterex: 1810 chloro-IPC: 0770 Dacthal: dimethyl ester of 0350 Dipterex ER: 1810 + 2470 chlorophos, Chlorophos: 1810 Dalf: 2450 dipyrido[1,2-a: 2',1 '-c]pyrazinediium chloropropham: 0770 Dasanit: 2360 1190-, 6,7-dihydro- (diquat b) chloroxyfenidim: 3110 DATC: 0890 disugran: methyl ester of 0480 Chlorparacide: 0150 DBD: 2140 disulfide Chlorsulphacide: 0150 2,3-DCDT: 0890 1200 -, bis[(2,2-dlmethylhydrazino)- : 3100 DCMU: 3160 thioxomethyll (azithiram, chlorvalamide: 1610 DCPA: dimethyl ester of 0350 azithirame) chlorxylam: 1650 DCPC: 0360 Di-Syston: 2050 Chromaphon: 2380 DCPE: 0360 Disyston-S: 2040 Chrysron: 1080 DDD: 0180 Dithane A-40: 0870 Cidial: 0300 DDDM: 1760 Dithane D-14: 0870 Ciluan: 1370 + 2630 DDGA: 1280 Dithane M22: 1390 Ciodrin: 0720 DDM: 1760 Dithane M45: 1400 CIPC: 0770 DDVF: d 1910 Dithane-manganese: 1390 citrex: d 1280 DDVP: 1910 Dithane S31: 1390 + nickel(2+) Clobber: 1040 Dedevap: 1910 sulfate clonitralid: 0100 Dekrysil: 1750 Dithane Ultra: 1390 + 3250 CMPP: 2550 Delan: 1550 Dithane Z78: 3250 CMU: 3120 delnav, Delnav: 2150 dithio: 2790 COBH: 0460 del nav: d 2150 dithiodemeton: 2050 copper demephion: 2430 + 2440 1 ,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxalin-2-one 0990 -, bis(8-quinolinato-N2,08)- demeton: 2330 + 2340 1210 -, 6-methyl- (chinomethionat, (oxine-copper or oxine-Cu, demeton methyl: 2490 + 2500 chinombthionate g) oxine-cuivre ou oxine-Cu) demeton-S-methylsulfoxyd: 2470 1220 1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxaline-2- Co-Ral: 2250 demeton-S-methylsulphone: 2480 thione (thioquinox) Cornox: 0040 Demosan: 0170 dithiom6thon: 2180 Cornox CWK: 0600 2,4-DES: 1240 dithiometon: 2180 Cornox RK: 2570 Des-l-Cate: an alkylamine derivative dithion: 2790 Cotoran: 3210 of 1560 + ammonium sulfate Dithione: 2790 coumafene: 0580 desmetryne: 3020 Dithio-Systox: 2050 4-CP: 0050 Dessin: 0960 dithioTEPP: 2790 CPAS: 0360 Detal: 1750 Dition: 2380 CPBS: 0390 Dextrone: 1190 dibromide Ditox L: 1010 + "DDT (see B 1520 CPCBS: 0400 diallate: 0890 in Annex 3) Crag Fruit 341: 1300 dianat: d 0480 Ditrosal: 1750 Crotothane: 0700 diazene DMC: 0360 Cyclodan: 1430f 1110-, [(4-chlorophenyl)thioj(2,4,5- DMDT: 0260 cyclohexane trichlorophenyl)- (chlorfen- DMF: 1970 -. 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro- sulphide, chlorfensulfide) DMSP: 2360 PESTICIDES 195

DMTT: 2780 fenuron TCA: trichloroacetic acid hior IFK: d 0770 DMU: 3160 ester of 3200 hiorinat: d 0760 DMXD: 2800 Fermate: 1350 hlorofos: d 1810 DNAP: 1720 Fitios: 2170 hloroksifenidim: d 3110 DNBP: 1800 Fitios B77: 2170 hydrazinecarboxamide DNC: 1750 fluenethyl: 0630 1290 -, 2-(4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadienyli- DNIBF: 1800 9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid dene)- (quinazamid, quinazamide) DNOCHP: 1660 1250-, 2-chloro-9-hydroxy- Hyvar: 2660 DNOIPP: 1790 (chlorflurenol, chloroflur6nol) Hyvar General Weed Killer: 2650 DNOPC: 0700 1260-, 9-hydroxy- (flurenol, flurenol) Hyvar X: 2660 DNOSAP: 1720 Fluoroparacide: 0160 DNOSBP: 2,2',2"-nitrilotrisethanol Fluorosulphacide: 0160 derivative of 1800 flurecol: 1260 IFK: d 0830 DNSAP: 1720 Folbex: 0280 Igran: 2960 DNSBP: 2,2',2"-nitrilotrisethanol Folcid: 1360 Igran 50: 2960 derivative of 1800 Folidol: 2370 IH-imidazole DNTP: 2370 Folidol E: 2370 -, 2-heptadecyl-4,5-dihydro- doguadine: 1280 Folidol-M: 2450 1300 monoacetate (glyodin) Dosanex: 3090 Folimat: 2390 3H-Imidazo[4,5-b] 2,4-DP: 2570 Folithion: 2420 1310 -, 6-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)- DPA: 2530 Folosan: 0230 (fluoromidine) Drat: 1320 Folosan DB-905: 0230 1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione DSE: 0870 formocarbam: 2110 1320 -, 2-1(4-chlorophenyl)phenyl- DTMC: h 0370 Forstan: 1210 acetyl]- (chlorophacinone) Duphar: 0240 fosfamid: d 2120 1330 -, 2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropyl)- Du-Ter: 2740 Fosferno: 2370 (pindone) Dybar: 3200 Fosfothion: 0660 1340-, 2-(diphenylacetyl)- (diphacinone) Dyfonate: 1840 Fostion: 2080 INPC: 0830 Dylox: 1810 Fostion MM: 2120 iodofenphos: 2290 Dymid: 0270 Frescon: 1510 IPC: 0830 Dynone II: biscyclohexanamine FRUMIN AL: 2050 IPMC: 1770 derivative of 1660 FRUMIN G: 2050 iron Dyphonate: 1840 ftalofos: d 2100 -, tris(dimethylcarbamodithioato- Dyrene: 2860 fuberidazol: 0420 S,S')- Fuklasin: 3240 1350 (O,C-6-11)- (ferbam, ferbame) Fuklasin Ultra: 1350 Iscothane: 0700 Effusan: 1750 fumarin: 0570 lso-Cornox: 2550 efirsul'fonat: d 0400 Fumasol: sodium derivative of 0570 isoformothion: 2190 Ekatin: 2180 Fumite TCNB: 0230 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Ekatin F: 2130 Fundal Forte: 1420 + 1360-, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-[(1,1,2,2- Ekatin M: 2130 " chlorodimeform "(see M 1005 in tetrachloroethyl)thio]- Ektafos: 1920 Annex 3) (captafol) Elgetol: 1750 furmarin: 0570 1370-, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-[(trichloro. Elgetol 30: 1750 Fusarex: 0230 methyl)thio]- (captan, captane) Elgetol 318: 2,2',2"-nitrilotrisethanol lsoPC: 0830 derivative of 1800 lsopestox: 1960 Elocron: 1690 G-4: 1760 isoprocil: 2650 Elsan: 0300 gammexane: 1010 isosystox: 2340 Elvaron: 1410 Gardona: 1890 4,5-isoxazoledione Endogan: 1430 Garrathion: 2010 -, 3-methyl- Endosan: 0730 Gatnon: 3050 1380 4-[(2-chlorophenyl)hydrazone] Endothal: 1560 geksahloran: d 1000 (drazoxolon) : 1560 Gesabal: 2900 Ivosit: 1800 acetate Enide: 0270 Gesagard: 2870 Ensawan: 1430 Gesamil: 2880 Entex: 2410 Gesapax: 2980 Karathane: 0700 Eptam: 0920 Gesaprim: 2920 karbation: d 0880 Eptapur: 3140 Gesaran 25: 3010 karbofos: d 0660 Eradex: 1220 Gesaran 207: 2890 + 3010 Karmex: 3160 Erbon: 2560 Gesaran 211: 2890 + 3010 Kelthane: 0370 Estonmite: 0400 Gesaran 2079: 2890 + 3010 Kemate: 2860 ethanaminium Gesatamin: 2970 Kepone: 1480 1230 -, 2-chloro-N,N,N-trimethyl- Gesatop: 2890 Kilval: 2400 (chlormequat,d chlormequat) glycine Kloben: 3080 ethanol 1270 -, N-[2-[2-(dodecylamino)ethyl]- Korlan: 2460 -, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- aminolethyl (dodicin, dodicine) Krysid: 2830 1240 hydrogensylfate (disul) Glyoxide: 1300 Kumatox: 0580 Ethyl Guthion: 2090 Gramoxone: 0650 dichloride Kuron: mixture of esters of 2590 Etilon: 2370 Gramoxone W: 0650 dichloride Kurosal: potassium salt of 2590 Etiol: 0660 guanidine Etrolene: 2460 -, dodecyl- Lambrol: 0630 Euparen: 1410 1280 monoacetate (dodine) Lebaycid: 2410 Gusathion: 2090 + 2140 Legumex Extra: 0600 Gusathion A: 2090 Legurame: 2540 FAC: 2080 Gusathion M: 2140 Ley Cornox: 0600 Famid: 1690 Gusathion MS: 2140 + 2480 Lipan: 1750 Faneron: 0090 Guthion: 2140 Liphadione: 1320 FB/2: 1190 Lonacol: 3250 fenac: 0310 Lorox: 3170 fenchlorfos: 2460 Hanane: 1970 Lovozal: 0440 fenidim: d 3200 Herban: 3190 f6nizon: 0390 Herkol: 1910 fenmedifam: 0820 HETP: 1180 M40: d 1450 fenoflurazole: 0440 hexachloran: 1000 M74: d 2050 fenolovo: d 2740 hexaklor: 1000 M81: d 2180 fenophosphon: 1860 4-HFU: d 0050 Malaston: 0660 fensone: 0390 hiorfenidim: d 3120 Malathon: 0660 196 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Malatox: 0660 + 2370 1475 ethyl ester (kelevan, k6levane) nephocarp: 2010 Malix: 1430 1 ,3,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta[cdJ- Neratox: 0580 Maloran: 3060 pentalen-2-one Nexagan: 2230 manganese 1480 -, 1 ,1a,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6-decachloro- Nexagan G: 2230 1390 -, [1 ,2-ethanediylbls[carbamodi- octahydro- (chlordecone, Nexion: 2240 thloatojj(2-)]J (maneb, manbbe) chlordbcone) Niallate: 2220 1400 mixt. with [[1,2-ethanediylbis[car- methoproptryne: 3010 nichlorfos: 2260 bamodithioato]](2-)]zinc Methoxone: 0040 niclofen: 0190 (mancozeb, mancozebe) methoxy DDT: 0260 Nifos T: 1180 Manzate: 1390 methyl demeton: 2490 + 2500 Niran: 2370 Manzate 200: 1400 methyl nitrostigmine: 2370 Manzate D: 1390 demeton-0-sulfoxide: 2470 Nitrox: 2450 Marlate: 0260 Methyl Guthlon: 2140 Nitrox 80: 2450 MATACIL: 1670 methyl-mercaptophos: 2490 Nogos: 1910 4-(MCB): 0680 methyl-mercatophos oxide: 2470 Nomersan: 2810 MCP: 0040 methyl parathion: 2450 norea: 3190 2,4-MCPB: 0680 methyl systox: 2490 + 2500 NPA: 0490 4-(MCPB): 0680 methyltriazothion: 2140 NRDC 104:1080 MCPP: 2550 methylisosystox: 2500 NRDC 107: 1090 2-MCPP: 2550 methylisosystoxsulfon: 2480 Nucidol: 2350 MEB: 1390 methylisosystoxsulfoxide: 2470 Nuvacron: 1930 Mecopar: 2550 metil-merkaptofos: d 2490 Nuvacron N: 2290 Mecopex: 2550 metilmerkaptofosoksid: d 2470 Nuvan: 1910 Mediben: 0480 metil-merkaptofos tiolovyj: d 2500 Nuvanol M: 2290 Melprex: 1280 metiltriazotion: d 2140 Mephanac: 0040 Metox: 0260 mercaptophas: 2330 + 2340 Metoxon: 0770 Mercaptophos: 2410 (cf. merkaptofos) metoxuran: 3090 mercaptophossystox: 2330 metriben: 0510 Octachlor: 1450 mercaptothion, Mercaptothion: 0660 : 1810 Octa-KIor: 1450 merkaptofos: d 2330 Metron: 2450 Octalene: 1130 merkaptofos tiolovyj: d 2340 2M-4H-M: d 0680 Octalox: 1150 Mertect: 0430 Micasin: 0360 0-dimethoate: 2390 Mesoranil: 2850 Milbam: 3240 Omite: 2770 Metacide: 2450 Milbex: 0360 + 1110 OMPA: 1170 metafos: d 2450 Milcurb: 2670 OMU: 3150 Metalsosystox: 2490 + 2500 Mildex: 0700 Orthocide: 1370 Metalsosystox (I): 2500 Milogard: 2880 Orthocide 406: 1370 Metalisosystox R: 2470 Milstem: 2680 Ortho-KIor: 1450 Metalsosystoxsulfon: 2480 Minacide: 1780 ovatran: 0400 metalsosystoxsulfoxide: 2470 Mitox: 0150 ovex: 0400 metakson: d 0040 MnEBD: 1390 ovochlor: 0400 metaphos: 2450 Morestan: 1210 Ovotran: 0400 Metasystox: 2490 + 2500 Morfoxone: 0640 dichloride 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.Iheptane-2,3- Metasystox (i): 2500 Morocide: 0730 dicarboxylic acid Metasystox-R: 2470 morpholine 1560 disodium salt, (endo,endo)- Metathion: 2420 1490-, 4-cyclododecyl-3,5-dimethyl- (endothal-sodlum) metaxon: 0040 (dodemorph, dod6morfe) 2H-1,2,4-oxadiazine-3,5(4H,6H)- metham-sodium: dione 0880 1500-, 2,6-dimethyl-4-tridecyl- 1570 -, 4-[(3-trifluoromethyl)phenylj-2- methanesulfenamide (tridemorph, trldemorphe) methyl- (flumezin, f1umdzine) 1410 -, 1,1-dichloro-N-[(dimethylamino)- 1510-, 4-(triphenylmethyl)- oxapyrazone: 0030 sulfonylJ-1-fluoro-N-phenyl- (trlfenmorph, trifenmorphe) 1 ,4-oxathiin-3-carboxamide (dichlofluanld, dichlorfluanide) Morphotox: 2130 1580-, 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-N-phenyl- methanimidamide MPDT: 2820 (carboxln, carboxine) 1420 -, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[3-[[(methyl- Murbetol: 0830 + 1560 1590 4,4-dioxide (oxycarboxin, amino)carbonylJoxylphenyl]- Murfotox: 0790 oxycarboxine) (formetanate, formbtanate) (some Murotox: 0790 oxydemetonmethyl: 2470 formulations contain the base, Murvesco: 0390 oxythloquinox: 1210 some the monohydrochloride) Muscatox: 2250 6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxa- Mylone: 2780 thiepin -, 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,- 6,9,9a-hexahydro- pall6thrine: 1070 1430 3-oxide Nankor: 2460 Parzate: 0870 (endosulfan) 2-naphthacenecarboxamide Parzate Liquid: 0870 4,7-methano-IH-indene -, 4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,- Parzate Zineb: 3250 1440 -,1,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,- 11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a- Patoran: 3070 7,7a-tetrahydro- (heptachlor, hexahydroxy4-6methyl-1,11- PCBS: 0390 heptachlore) dioxo-, PCI: 0390 1450 -, 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro- 1520 [4S-(4a,4aa,5a,5aa,6j8,12aa)]- PCNB: 0220 2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro- (oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline) PCPBS: 0390 (chlordane) 1 ,4-naphthalenedione PCPCBS: 0400 4,7-methanolsobenzofuran PEBC: 0910 1460 -, 1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro- 1530 -, 2,3-dichloro- (dichlone) pedinex: 1660 1 ,3,3a,4,1,7a-hexahydro- 1-naphthalenol pentanamide (isobenzan) 1540 methylcarbamate (carbaryl) 1600-, N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2- 4,7-methano-IH-isoindole-1 ,3(2H)- naphtho[2,3-b]-1 ,4-dithiin-2,3- methyl- (pentanochlor) dione dicarbonitrile 1610-, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dimethyl- 1470 -, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-5-(hydroxy- 1550 -, 5,10-dihydro-5,10-dioxo- (monalide) phenyl-2-pyridinylmethyl)-7- (dithianon) Perfekthion: 2120 (phenyl-2-pyridinylmethylene)- Navadel: 2150 Pestan: 0790 (mixture of isomers) (norbormide) neburea: 3080 Pestox 3, Pestox III: 1170 1 ,3,4-metheno-1H-cyclobuta[cd]- Neguvon: 1810 Pestox 14, Pestox XIV: 1970 pentalene-2-pentanoic acid Nemacide: 2300 Pestox 15, Pestox XV: 1960 -, 1,1a,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6- nendrin: 1160 Phenacide: 0740 decachlorooctahydro-2- Neocidol: 2350 Phenatox: 0740 hydroxy-v-oxo- Neo-Pynamin: 1060 phencapton: 2030 PESTICIDES 197

Phenkaptone: 2030 1920 3-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1- phosphorothioic acid, esters phenol propenyl dimethyl ester 2230 0-(4-bromo-2,4-dichlorophenyl) -, 3,5-bis(l,l-dimethylethyl)- (dicrotophos) 0,0-diethyl ester 1630 methylcarbamate (butacarb, 1930 dimethyl 1-methyl-3-(methylamino)- (bromophos-ethyl, butacarbe) 3-oxo-1-propenyl ester, (E)- bromophos-ethyl) - 2,6-bisi,1j-dimethylethyl)-4- (monocrotophos) 2240 0-(4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) methyl- 1940 3-(methoxymethylamino)-1-methyl-3- 0,0-dimethyl ester (bromophos) 1640 methylcarbamate (terbucarb, oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl ester, 2250 0-(3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1- terbucarbe) (E)- (methocrotophos, benzopyran-7-yl) 0,0-diethyl ester -, 2-chloro-4,5-dimethyl- metocrotophos) (coumaphos) 1650 methylcarbamate (carbanolate) phosphorodiamidic azide 2260 0-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) 0,0- 1660 -,2-cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitro- (dinex) 1950 -, tetramethyl- (mazidox) dimethyl ester (phosnichlor) -, 4-(dimethylamino)-3-methyl- 2270 0-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)azo]phenyl] 1670 methylcarbamate (aminocarb, phosphorodiamidic fluoride 0,0-dimethyl ester (azothoate) aminocarbe) 1960-, N,N'-bis(1-methylethyl)- 2280 S-[2-[(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)- 1680-, 2-(l,1-dimethylethyl)-4,6-dinitro- (mipafox) amino]-2-oxoethyl] 0,0-diethyl (dinoterb,i dinoterbe) 1970-, tetramethyl- (dimefox, dimdfox) ester (cyanthoate) -, 2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)- phosphorodithioic acid, esters 2290 0-(2,5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl) 1690 methylcarbamate (dioxacarb, 1980 0,0-bis(i-methylethyl) S-[2-[(phenyl- 0,0-dimethyl ester (jodfenphos, dioxacarbe) sulfonyl)amino]ethyl] ester iodofenphos) -, 4-(di-2-propenylamino)-3,5- (bensulide) 2300 0-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) 0,0-dlethyl dimethyl- 1990 S-chloromethyl 0,0-diethyl ester ester (dichlofenthion) 1700 methylcarbamate (allyxycarb, (chlormephos, chlorm6phos) 2310 0-[2-(diethylamino)-6-methyl-4- allyxycarbe) 2000 S-[(6-chloro-2-oxo-3(2H)-benz- pyrimidinyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester 1710 -, 2-(ethoxymethyl)-4,6-dlnitro- oxazolyl)methyl] 0,0-diethyl (p/rlmiphos-methyl, pyrimiphos- (etinofen, etInofbne) ester (phosalone) methyl) 1720 -, 2-(1-methylbutyl)4,6-dinltro- 2010 S-[[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]methyl] 2320 0,0-diethyl 0-[2-(diethylamino)-6- (dinosam) 0,0-diethyl ester methyl-4-pyrimidinyl] ester -, 3-methyl-4-[(dimethylamino)- (carbophenothion, (pirimiphos-ethyl, pyrimiphos- methyleneamino]- carboph6nothlon) ethyl) 1730 methylcarbamate (formparanate, 2020 S-[(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yI)- 2330 0,0-diethyl 0-(2-(ethylthio)ethyl] formoparanate) methyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester ester (demeton-0, d6mdton-0) 1740 -, 3-methyl-6-(l,l-dimethylethyl)- (menazon, m6nazon) 2340 0,0-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 2,4-dinitro- (medinoterb, 2030 S-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)thio]methyl] ester (demeton-S, d6m6ton-S) medinoterbe) 0,O-diethyl ester (phenkapton) 2350 0,0-diethyl 0-[6-methyl-2-(1- 1750-, 2-methyl-4,6-dinltro- (DNOC) 2040 0,0-diethyl S-[2-(ethylsulfinyl)- methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] ester 1760-, 2,2'-methylenebis[4-chloro- ethyl] ester (oxydisulfoton) (diazinon) (dichlorophen, dlchlorophene) 2050 0,0-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 2360 0,0-diethyl 0-[4-(methylsulfinyl)- -, 2-(1-methylothoxy)- ester (disulfofon) phenyl ester (fensulfothion) 1770 methylcarbamate (propoxur) 2060 0,0-diethyl S-[(ethylthio)methyl] 2370 0,0-diethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) ester -, 3-methyl-5-(l-methylethyl)- ester (phorate) (parathion) 1780 methylcarbamate (promecarb, 2070 0,0-diethyl S-[[5-(1-methylethoxy)-2- 2380 0,0-diethyl 0-(7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6- promecarbe) oxo-1 ,3,4-thladiazol-3(2H)-yl]- oxo-6H-dibenzo[bd]pyran-3-yl) 1790-, 3-methyl-2-(l-methylethyl)-4,6- methyl ester (prothidathion) ester (coumithoate) dinitro- (dinoprop) 2080 0,0-diethyl S-[2-[(1-methylethyl)- 2390 0,0-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2- 1800-, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitro- amino]-2-oxoethyl] ester oxoethyl] ester (omethoate, (dinoseb, dinosebe) (prothoate) om6thoate) PHNB: d0220 2090 0,0-diethyl S-[(4-oxo-1,2,3-benzo- 2400 0,0-dimethyl S-[2-[[1-methyl-2- Phosdrin: 0710 trlazin-3(4H)-yl]methyl] ester (methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]thio]- phosphonic acid (azinphos-efhyl, azinphos-fthyl) ethyl] ester (vam/dothion) -, (2,2,2-trichloro-l-hydroxyethyl)- 2100 S-[(1 ,3-dihydro-1 ,3-dioxo-2H- 2410 0,0-dimethyl 0-[3-methyl-4- 1810 dimethyl ester (trichlorfon) lsoindol-2-yl)methyl] 0,0-dimethyl (methylthio)phenyl] ester phosphonic diamide ester (phosmet) (fenthion) 1820 -, P-(5-amino-3-phenyl-1H-1 2,4- 2110 0,0-dimethyl S-[[[(N-methoxy- 2420 0,0-dimethyl 0-(3-methyl-4-nitro- triazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetra- methyl)amino]carbonyl]methyl] phenyl) ester (fenitrothion, methyl- (triamiphos) ester (sophamide) fenitrothion) phosphonium 2120 0,0-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2- 2430 0,0-dimethyl 0-[2-(methylthio)- 1830 -, tributyl[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)- oxoethyl] ester (dimethoate, ethyl] ester (demephion-0, methyl]- (chlorphonium,b dimethoate) demephion-0) chlorfonium) 2130 0,0-dimethyl S-[2-(4-morpholinyl)-2- 2440 0,0-dimethyl S-[2-(methylthio)- phosphonodithloic acid oxoethyl] ester (morphothlon) ethyl] ester (demephion-S, -, ethyl- 2140 0,0-dimethyl S-[(4-oxo-1,2,3- demephion-S) 1840 O-ethyl S-phenyl ester (fonofos) benzotrlazin-3(4H)-yl) methyl] 2450 0,0-dimethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) -, methyl- ester (azinphos-methyl, ester (parathlon-methyl, 1850 S-[[[tN-(methoxycarbonyl)-N- azinphos-mdthyl) parathion-mr thyl) methyl]amino]carbonyl]methyl] 2150 S,S'-1 ,4-dioxane-2,3-diyl-0,0,0',O'- 2460 0,0-dimethyl 0-(2,4,5-trichloro- 0-methyl ester (mecarphon, tetraethyl ester (dioxathion) phenyl) ester (fenchlorphos) m6carphon) 2160 S-[(5-ethoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadlazol- 2470 S-[2-(ethylsulfinyl)ethyl] 0,0- phosphonothioic acid 3(2H)-yl)methyl] 0,0-dimethyl dimethyl ester (oxydemeton- -, ethyl- ester (lythidathion) methyl, oxyd6meton-m6thyl) 1860 O-ethyl 0-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) 2170 S-[2-(ethylamino)-2-oxoethyij 2480 S-[2-(ethylsulfonyl)ethyl] 0,0- ester (trichioronat) 0,0-dimethyl ester dimethyl ester phosphoric acid, esters (ethoate-methyl, ethoate-m6thyl) (demeton-S-methylsulphon, 1870 2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)- 2180 S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 0,0-dimethyl dem6ton-S-m6thylsulfone) ethenyl diethyl ester ester (thiometon, th/om6ton) 2490 0-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 0,0-dimethyl (chlorfenvinphos) 2190 S-[2-(formylmethylamino)-2-oxo- ester (demeton-0-methyl, 1880 2-chloro-3-(diethylamino)-1-methyl- ethyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester demeton-0-methyl) 3-oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl ester (formothion) 2500 S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 0,0-dimethyl (phosphamldon) 2200 S-(2-[(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-1- ester (demeton-S-methyl, demeton- 1890 2-chloro-1 -(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) oxoethyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester S-methyl) ethenyl dimethyl ester (amidithlon) 2510 S-[(5-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)- (tetrachlorvinphos, 2210 S-[(5-methoxy-2-oxo-1 ,3,4-thia- methyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester t6trachlorvinphos) diazol-3(2H)-yl)methyl] 0,0- (endothion) 1900 1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl dimethyl ester (methidathion, phthalofos: 2100 dimethyl ester (naled) m6thidath/on) phthalthrin: 1060 1910 2,2-dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester 2220 S,S'-methylene 0,0,0',O'-tetraethyl Phygon: 1530 (dichlorvos) ester (ethion, 6thion) Phytosol: 1860 198 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

PID: 1340 2690 -, 6-ethoxy-11,2-dihydro-2,2,4- 2760 -, 0-2-deoxy-2-(methylamino)-a_ Pirimor: 0800 trimethyl- (ethoxyquin, L-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-0-5- pival, Pival: 1330 ethoxyquine) deoxy-3-C-formyl-a-L-lyxo- pivaldione: 1330 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid furanosyl-(1--4)-N,N'-bis- Pivalyl Valone: 1330 -, 3-methyl- (aminoiminomethyl)- Pivalyn: sodium derivative of 1330 2700 butyl ester (methoquin-butyl, (streptomycin,k streptomycine) Plantvax: 1590 m6toquine-butyl) sulfotepp: 2790 polietoksihinolin: d 2690 quinomethionate: 1210 sulfurous acid, esters polihlorkamfen: d 0740 2770 2-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenoxy]- polychlorcamphene: 0740 cyclohexyl 2-propynyl ester polyethoxyquinoline: 2690 (propargite) Pomarsol: 2810 Sumithion: 2420 Prebane: 2960 Rabon: 1890 Supracide: 2210 Preeglone: 0650 dichloride Racumin: 0590 Surcopur: 2530 Prefar: 1980 Racuza: methyl ester of 0480 Synthrin: 1080 Prefix: 0340 (see also B 5505 in Annex 3) Systox: 2330 + 2340 Preforan: 0210 Ramrod: 0020 Sytam: 1170 Premerge: 2,2',2"-nitrilotrisethanol Randox: 0010 derivative of 1800 Raticate: 1470 Preventol GD: 1760 Ratilan: 0560 Preventol GDC: 1760 Ratindan 1: 1340 Primatol 1573: 2920 + 1H-1,2,4- Ratindan 3: 1320 triazol-3-amine Raviac: 1320 Tartan: 2280 Primatol 2478: 2560 + 3000 region: d 1190 4-(2,4,5-TB): 0690 Primatol A: 2920 Reglone, R6glone: 1190 dibromide TCDS: 0240 Primatol 25E: 3000 Resitox: 2250 TCNB: 0230 Primatol 0: 3000 resmethrin Tecto 60: 0430 Primatol P: 2880 cis-(+): see C 1760 in Annex 3 Tecto 90: 0430 Primatol Q: 2870 trans-(+): 1090 tedion, Tedion: 0240 Primatol S: 2890 Rhizoctol Combi: 0460 + methyl- TEDTP: 2790 Prokarbol: 1750 thioxoarsine Telodrin: 1460 prometryne: 2870 Rhizoctol slurry: 0460 + methylthi- Telvar: 3120 propanal oxoarsine Telvar-Cela: N,N-diethyl homologue -, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)- Rhodiatox: 2370 of 3120 2520 O-[(methyiamino)carbonyi]oxime Rhothane: 0180 Temik: 2520 (aldicarb, aldicarbe) Rogor: 2120 Tenoran: 3110 propanamide Rogue: 2530 terbutol: 1640 2530-, N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- ronnel: 2460 terbutryne: 2960 (propanil) Rospin: 0290 terraclor, Terraclor: 0220 2540-, N-ethyl-2-[[(phenylamino)- Roxion: 2120 Terracur P: 2360 carbonyl]oxy]-, (R)- terramicin: d 1520 (carbetamide, carb6tamlde) Terramycin: 1520 propanoic acid Terra-Sytam: 1970 2550-, 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-, Tersan: 2810 (±)- (mecoprop, mecoprop) Sapecron: 1870 Tersan SP: 0170 -, 2,2-dichloro- Saphi-Col: 2020 Tetron: 1180 2560 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl ester Saphizon: 2020 2H-1 ,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (erbon) Sarolex: 2350 2780 -, tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl- 2570-, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- Sayfos: 2020 (dazomet) (dichlorprop) Seedrin: 1130 thiazon: 2780 2580-, 2,2,3-trichloro- (chloropon) Semeron: 3020 Thifor: 1430 2590-, 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- SES: 1240 Thimet: 2060 (fenoprop, fenoprop) sevin,d Sevin: 1540 Thimul: 1430 2-propenamide Shoxin: 1470 Thiocron: 2200 2600 -, N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2- Sialan: 1430 thiodan, Thiodan: 1430 methyl- (chloranocryl) silvex: 2590 thiodemeton: 2050 3(2H)-pyridazinone Simazin: 2890 thiodiphosphoric acid 2610 -, 5-amino-4-bromo-2-phenyl- Simetryn: 2950 (t(HO)2P(S)]2) (brompyrazon, brompyrazone) simetryne: 2950 2790 tetraethyl ester (sulfotep) 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid Sinox: 1750 thiolsystox: 2340 2620 -, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro- Slam: 2270 Thionex: 1430 (picloram, piclorame) SMDC: 0880 thionosystox: 2330 3,5-pyridinedicarbonitrile SNB: 2370 thioperoxydicarbonic acid 2630 -, 2,6-dichloro-4-phenyl- SNP: 2370 ([(HO)C(S)]2St) (pyridinitril, pyridinitrile) Solan: 1600 2800 dimethyl ester (dimexano, dim6xano) 4-pyrimidinamine Sorexa: 0580 thioperoxydicarbonic diamide 2640 -, 2-chloro-N,N,6-trimethyl- spiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1 '-[2jcyclo- (U(H2N)C(S)]2S1) (crimidine) hexene]-3,4'-dione 2810 -. tetramethyl- (thiram, thirame) 2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 2710 -, 7-chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'- thiophos, Thiophos: 2370 2650 -, 5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-methyl- methyl- (griseofulvin, thiotep: 2790 ethyl)- (isocil) grls6ofulvine)J Thiotepp: 2790 2660-, 5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-methyl- Stam F-34: 2530 thiourea propyl)- (bromacil) stannane 2820-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-(3-methyl- 4-pyrimidinol 2720-, acetyloxytriphenyl- (fentin phenyl)- (methiuron, methiuron) 2670-, 5-butyl-2-(dimethylamino)-6- acetate, fentine-ac6tate) 2830-, (1-naphthalenyl)- (antu) methyl- (dimethirimol, 2730-, chlorotriphenyl- (fentin chloride, Thitrol: 0680 dimbthyrimol) fentine-chlorure) Thylate: 2810 2680-, 5-butyl-2-(ethylamino)-6- 2740-, hydroxytriphenyl- (fentin tiazon: d 2780 methyl- (ethirimol, 6thyrimol) hydroxide, fentine-hydroxyde) Tiguvon: 2410 stannate(i -) Tilcarex: 0220 -, bromochlorotriphenyl- Tillam: 0910 2750 decyltriphenylphosphonium timet: d2060 QBH: 0460 (decafentin, d6cafentin) tin(1+) Queleton: 2410 STCA: 0070 2840 -, triphenyl- (fentin,b fentine) Quick: 1320 stirofos: 1890 compounds: see stannane Quilan: 0120 Stop-Scald: 2690 tiodan: d 1430 D-streptamine tiofos: d 2370 PESTICIDES 199

TMTD: 2810 3010-, N-(3-methoxypropyl)-N'-(1- 3170-, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N- TMTDS: 2810 methylethyl)-6-(methylthlo)- methoxy-N-methyl- (linuron) Tofazine 50-W: 2890 (methoprotryne, metoprotryne) 3180-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-(octahydro- TOK E25: 0190 3020-, N-methyl-N'-(1-rmethylethyl)-6- 4,7-methano-1H-inden-1-yl)- tomarin: 0570 (methylthio)- (desmetryn, mixt. with N,N-dimethyl-N'-(octa- Tomatotone: 0050 desmetryne) hydro-4,7-methano-IH-inden-2-yl)- Tomorin: 0560 3030 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-amine (amitrole) (isonoruron) Topsin: 0840 triazotion: d 2090 3190-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-(octahydro- Topsin M: 0850 Tribunil: 3040 4,7-methano-1H-inden-5-yl)- Tordon: 2620 trichloronate: 1860 (noruron) Tordon 101 mixture: 2620 trichlorphon: 1810 3200-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-phenyl- compd with 1,1',1"-nitrilotris[2- Tricornox: 0600 (fenuron, fenuron) propanol] (1 1), mixt. with trimaton: 0880 3210-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[3-(trifluoro- 1,1',1"-nitrilotris[2-propanol] trimethoate: 2080 methyl)phenylj- (fluometuron, (1 :1) Trithion: 2010 fluom6turon) Totril: 0550 octanoate Tritisan: 0220 3220-, N'-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxy)- , Toxaphene: 0740 Trolene: 2460 phenylj-N,N-dimethyl- toxynil: 0550 Tropotox: sodium salt of 0680 (difenoxuron, difenoxuron) 2,4,5-TP: 2590 Trysben: 0500 3230-, N-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-N'- TPTC: 2730 Trysben 200: 0500, compd with phenyl- (siduron) TPTH: 2740 N-methylmethanamine Treflan: 0140 Tugon: 1810 1 ,3,5-triazin-2-amine Tupersan: 3230 Valexon: 0330 2850-, 4-azido-N-(1-methylethyl)-6- vancide Z: oz4u 4- z-oenzotniazoi- (methylthio)- (aziprotryne) ethiol zinc salt 2860-, 4,6-dichloro-N-(2-chlorophenyl)- Ultracid: 2210 Vapam: 0880 (anilazine) Ultracide: 2210 Vapona: 1910 1 ,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Unden: 1770 Vapotone: 1180 2870-, N,N'-bis(1-methylethYl)-6- Urab: trichloroacetic acid ester of Vegaben: 0470 (methylthio)- (prometryn, 3200 Veldrin: 1160 + 2180 prometryn) Veldrin EE922: 2180 + 2880-, 6-chloro-N,N'-bis(1-methyl- 3040-, N-2-benzothiazolyl-N,N'- (1 aa,2i,2aa,3a,6a,6aa,7,3,7aa)- ethyl)- (propazine) dimethyl- (methabenzthiazuron, isomer of 1160 2890-, 6-chloro-N,N'-diethyl- methabenzthiazuron) Venzar: 1030 (simazine) 3050-, N-2-benzothiazolyl-N'-methyl- Viozene: 2460 2900-, 6-chloro-N,N-diethyl-N'-(1- (benzthiazuron) Vitavax: 1580 methylethyl)- (ipazine) 3060-, N'-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl)-N- Voronit: 0420 2910-, 6-chloro-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- methoxy-N-methyl- VPM: 0880 N'-ethyl- (terbuthylazine) (chlorbromuron, chlorobromuron) 2920 -, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(I-methyl- 3070-, N'-(4-bromophenyl)-N-methoxy- ethyl)- (atrazine) N-methyl- (metobromuron, Weedazol: 3030 2930-, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methyl- metobromuron) Weedol: 0650 dichloride propyl)- 3080-, N-butyl-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- Wepsyn: 1820 (sebuthylazine, s6buthylazine) N-methyl- (neburon, neburon) Wofatox: 2450 2940-, 6-chloro-N,N',N'-triethyl- 3090-, N'-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)- (trietazine, trietazine) N,N-dimethyl- (metoxuron, Yomesan: 0100 2950-, N,N'-diethyl-6-(methylthio)- metoxuron) (simetryn, simetryne) 3100-, N'-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)- 2960-, N-(I ,I-dimethylethyl)-N'-ethyl-6- N,N-dimethyl- (chlorotoluron) Zerlate: 3240 (methylthio)- (terbutryn, 3110-, N'-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]- zinc terbutryne) N,N-dimethyl- (chloroxuron) 3240-, bis(dimethylcarbamodithloato- 3120-, N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dl- S,S')- (ziram, zirame) 2970-, N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-6- methyl- (monuron) 3250-, [1 2-ethanediylbis[carbamo- methoxy- (atraton) 3130-, N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methoxy- dithioatoj](2-)M- (zineb, zlnbbe) 2980-, N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-6- N-methyl- (monollnuron) 3260-, [[(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis- (methylthio)- (ametryn, 3140-, N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl- [carbamod1thioatol](2-)J-, amefryne) N-(1-methyl-2-propynyl)- homopolymer (propineb, 2990-, 6-methoxy-N,N'-bis(3-methoxy- (buturon) propinbbe) propyl)- (methometon, 3150-, N'-cyclooctyl-N,N-dimethyl- Zolone: 2000 m6tom6ton) (cycluron) zookumarin: d 0580 3000-, 6-methoxy-N,N'-bis(1-methyl- 3160-, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N- Zoralin: 1010 + " DDT"(see B 1520 ethyl)- (prometon, prometone) dimethyl- (diuron) in Annex 3)

a The name has been applied to both of the substances listed. b The anion present should be specifled-e.g., paraquat dichloride. c Mixture of isomers, consisting mostly of isomers of the second compound. 4 Literal transliteration from the Cyrillic. e Mixture of isomers. f Sometimes, but erroneously, Identified in the literature as chlorbicyclen (0620). 9 In this case, the syllable chi Is pronounced ki. h This designation has also been applied in the literature to aminocarb (1670). i The ester present should be specified-e.g., dinoterb acetate. J (+)-grlseofulvin is the (1'S-trans)-isomer. k The salt should be specified-e.g., dibase trissulfate. I Sometimes, but erroneously, identified in the literature as phoxim (0330) or endosulfan (1430). 200 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: 1

Annex 3

CHEMICAL NAMES, NATIONAL AND OTHER COMMON NAMES, AND PROPRIETARY NAMES FOR PESTICIDES FOR WHICH lSO NAMES ARE NOT AVAILABLE

The arrangement of this list is similar to that of Annex 2. Pesticides are listed by the inverted form of their CA chemical name, with cross-references under proprietary names and under common names approved by national and professional bodies. Cross-references are also given under proposed international and other common names. To save space, most code numbers have been omitted, although a few are included for pesticides for which there are no accepted common names. Following each chemical name, proprietary and common names are listed in italics within parentheses. Following each common name, the body that has approved it is indicated by means of a letter, as follows:

A American National Standards Institute B British Standards Institution E Entomological Society of America F US Food and Drug Administration P Pharmaceutical common name U United States Adopted Name W Weed Science Society of America X " Generally accepted " common or trivial name

Proposed common names are marked with an asterisk. Errors and omissions excepted, proprietary names are distinguished by an initial capital letter.

Abar: P 1005 A 1020-, N-benzoyl-N-(3,4-dichlorophe- benomyl: C 0505 ABATE: P 4065 nyl)- : B 6505 acarol, Acarol: B 2005 ethyl ester (Shellsol A; benzadox: A 1005 :* P 2505 WL 17731; SD 30053; benzamlde acetamide benzoylprop-ethyl *) B 0505-, 3,5-dichloro-N-(1,j-dimethyi- A 0505-, N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-N- Alar: B 7505 2-propynyl)- (Kerb; (2,6-diethylphenyl)- allethrin, trans-(+) - or d-trans-: jropyzamide*) (Machete; , A) C 1780 B 0515-, -(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N- A 0510-, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethyl- Allisan: B 1005 ((dimethylamino)carbonyl]- phenyl)-N-( methoxymethyl)- Alochlor: A 0510 (phenobenzuron*) (Lasso; Alochlor; , A, B) alorac:* P 0105 B 0525-, N-(3,4-dich1orophenyl)-N- A 0515-, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl- Altodel: D 2505 [(dimethylamino)carbonyl- phenyi)-N-[(2-methylpro- Altorick: D 2005 4-methoxy- (anisuron, B) poxy)methyl]- (CP-52223; amiton: P 4020 B 0550-, N,N-diethyl4-3methy I- (deet, E> delachlor, A) ancymidol: * P 7500 B 0560 -, 2-lodo-N-phenyl- (BAS 3170F; A 0520 -, 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)- anisuron: B 0525 benodanfl*) N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)- Aramite: S 1005 B 0575 -, 2-methyl-3,5-dinitro- (MON 097; *) athidathion: * P 4027 (Zoamix; zoalene, A) A 0525 -, 2-chloro-N-(1-methyl-2-pro- IH-azepine-l-carbothiolc acid benzamorf:* B 4105 pynyl)-N-phenyl- -, hexahydro- benzenamine (prynachlor, A) * 1505 S-ethyl ester (Ordram; molinate, B 1000 -, N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro- acetic acid W, B) N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)- A 1005-, [(benzoylamino)oxy]- aziridine (BAS 3920H, 3921H, 3922H; (benzadox, A, B) A 2005 -, 1,1',I"-phosphinylidynetris- fluchloralin*) -. [(5-bromo-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo- [2-methyl- (metepa, E) B 1005 -, 2,6-dlchloro-4-nitro- (Allisan; 1-phenyl-4-pyridazinyl)- Botran; dicloran, B) aminojoxo- Bacdip: P 1030 B 1010-, 4-0j,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1- A 1007 sodium salt (BAS 3380H; barthrin: C 1705 methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro- oxapyrazon-sodium *) BAS 3510H: B 6505 (dibutalin, A) -, trichloro-, compounds Bassa: P 0530 B 1015-, 4-(1-methylethyl)-2,6-dinitro- * 1010 compd with N'-(4-chlorophenyl)- Bay 38799: P 0505 N,N-dipropyl- (Paarlan; N,N-dimethylurea (1: 1) Bay 94337: T 2505 isopropalin, A) (Urox; monuron-TCA, W) Bayrusil: P 4035 B 1020-, 4-(methylsulfonyi)-2,6-dinitro- A 1015 compd with N,N-dimethyl-N'- Benathrin: C 1770 N,N-dipropyl- (Planavin) phenylurea (1: 1) (Urab; : *B 4705 benzene fenuron-TCA, W) Benlate: C 0505 B 1505 -,1l-ch1oro-4-(phenyisulfonyl)- Afugan: P 6005 Benlate T: C 0505 + thiram (see (sulphenone, X) alachlor: A 0510 2810 in Annex 2) B 1510 -,1,1'-dichloroethenylidene)bis- L-alanine benodanil: * B 0560 [4-chloro- (pp'-DDE, X) PErTICIZBES 201

B 1515-, 1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)- B 6205 -, 3,3'-methyienebis[4-hydroxy- C 0535 methyl ester (BAS 3200F, bis[4-ethyl- (Perthane) (dicoumarin, X; dicoumarol, P) 3201F; mecarbinzid*) B 1520-, 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)- 1H-2,1,3.benzothIadlazin4(3H)- -. [3-[[(phenylamino)carbonyll- bis[chioro- (mixture of Iso- one oxy]phenyl]- mers, the bis(4-chloro) Isomer B 3-(1-methylethyl)- predominating) (DDT, E, B) B 6505 2,2-dioxide (BAS 3510H; C 0540 ethyl ester (SN 38107; B 1525- 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloro.thylidene)- bentazon, A) desmedipham*) bis[4-chloro- (pp'-DDT, B) benzo[b]thlophene4-ol carbamimidic acid benz.neacetic acid B 6705 methylcarbamate (Mobam) -, N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N- -, 4-bromro-a-(bromophenyl)-a. bi-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yi dimethyl- hydroxy. B 7005 -, 1 ,1,2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5'-deca- C 1005 methyl ester (trimeturon, B) B 2005 1-methylethyl ester (Acarol; chloro- (Pentac; dienochlor*) carbamodithiolc acid Neoron; bromopropylate*; benzoximate:* B 5305 -, dimethyl- acarol, A) benzoylprop-ethyl :* A 1020 C 1305 (4-morpholinyl)methyl ester 1 ,3-benzenediamine Betanal: C 0530 (carbamorph*) B 2305 -, N',N3-diethyl-2,4-dinitro-6- Bidisin: B 3505 carbamorph :* C 1305 (trifluoromethyl)- (Cobex; biformylchlorazin :* F 0525 carbamothloic acid, esters dinitramine, W) bioallethrin:* C 1780 S,S'-[2-(dimethyIamino)-1 ,3- 1,3-benzenedicarbonitrile bioxone: 0 0505 propanediyl] ester B 2510 -, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro- (Bravo; Bithion: P 4065 Daconil 2787r Exotherm Termil; B-Nine: B 7505 C 1505 hydrochloride (Padan) (the Termil; chlorothalonil, A) Botran: B 1005 name cartap* has been pro- 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid BPMC: P 0530 posed for the base) -, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro- Bravo: B 2510 carbamothilic acid 8 3005 dimethyl ester (Dacthal; DCPA, bromobonil:* C 1555 -, bis(2-methylpropyl). W) bromopropylate :* B 2005 C 1510 S-ethyl ester (Sutan; butylate, W) benzenem.thanol Buformin: M 1000 -, cyclohexylethyl- -, 3,4-dichloro- butachlor: A 0505 C 1515 S-ethyl ester (Ro-Neet; cycloate, B 3200 methylcarbamate (Rowmate; Butacide: B 4510 W) dichlormate, A) butanedloic acid, hydrazides -, diethyl- benzenepropanenitrile B 7505 mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) C 1520 S-ethyl ester (Prefox; eth/loate*) B 3300 -, a,3-dichloro-2-methyl- (Alar; B-Nine; daminozkde*) : B 5205 (orthonil*) butanoic acid carbolane:* P 1505 benzenepropanoic acid B 8005 -, 4-(2,4-dich1orophenoxy)- carbonic acid, esters -, a,4-dichloro- (Embutox; 2,4-DB, W, B) B 3505 methyl ester (Bidisin; 2-butanone C 1550 4-cyano-2,6-diiodophenyl 2- chlorfenprop-methyl, B) -, 3-methylsulfinyl- propenyl ester (iodobonil*) benz.nesulfonamide B 8505 O-[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxime C 1555 2,6-dibromo-4-cyanophenyl B 4005-, 4(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitro- (*) tetrahydro(2-furanyl)methyl (Ryzelan; oryzalin, W, A) -, 3-methylsulfonyl- ester (bromobonil*) benzenesulfonic acid B 8515 O-t(methyIamino)carbonyI]oxime cartap:* see C 1505 -, 4-dodecyl- (butoxycarboxim*) chloraniformethan :* F 0505 B 4105 compd with morpholine (1 : 1) butocarboxim :* B 8505 chlorazine: T 2005 (benzamorf*) butocior :* A 0505 : M 1005 1,3-benzodioxole butoxycarboxim :* B 8515 chloretin: A 0525 B 4505-, 5-[bis[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)- butylate: C 1510 chlorfenprop-methyl: B 3505 ethoxylmethyll- (Tropifal) Bux: P 0520 chlorfluren :* F 0305 B 4510-, 5-[[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)- chlormebuform :* M 1000 ethoxy]methylj-6-propyl- chlormethazole :* 0 0505 (piperonyl butoxide, E, A, X) chlorodimeform:* M 1005 8 4515-, 5-[1-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)- C-9140: T 1505 chloromethiuron:* T 1505 ethoxylethyli- (Sesoxane; Caragard: T 2020 chloropicrin: M 0505 , E) Carbamat IPM: P 0525 chlorothalonil: B 2510 B 4520-, 5-[2-(octylsu1flnyl)propyij- carbamic acid, esters chlorphenamidine:* M 1005 (sulfoxide, E) C 0500 [1-(chloromethyl)propylJ-3- chlorprazophos:4 P 4000 1 ,3-benzodioxol-4-ol [(methoxycarbonyi)amino]- chlorprocarb :* C 0500 -, 2,2-dimethyl- phenyl ester :* P 4040 8 4705 methylcarbamate (NC-6897; (BAS 3790H; chlorprocarb*) chlorpyrifos-methyl :* P 4055 Ficam; OMS-1394; bendlocarb*) carbamic acid chlorquinox:* Q 5005 5-benzofuranol -, [(butylamino)carbonylj- chlorthal-dimethyl :* B 3005 -, 2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3- IH-benzimidazol-2-yi] chlorthal-methyl: ISO name for dimethyl- C 0505 methyl ester (Benlate; benomyl, monomethyl ester of chlorthal; B 5005 methanesulfonate (Nortran; A, B) not to be confused with - [1l-[[(5-cyanopenty1)amlno1- "chlorthal-dimethyl above ethofumesate*) carbonylJ-IH-benzimidazol- Chlorthion: P 4010 t-benzofuranol 2-yll- chlorthiophos:* P 4017 -, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dirmethyl- C 0507 methyl ester (DAM 18654; cismethrin :* C 1760 8 5205 methylcarbamate (Furadan; cypendazole*) Citrazon: B 5305 carbofuran, A, B) -, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)- cloprop:* P 4805 benzoic acid, anhydrides C 0510 methyl ester (swep, W, A) Cobex: B 2305 B 5305 anhydride with 3-chloro-N- Cotofor: T 2050 ethoxy-2,6-dimethoxybenzene- C 0515 -,dimethyl-; -[(dimethy1amIno)carbonyl]-5- CP-52223: A 0515 carboximidic acid (Citrazon; methyl-IH-pyrazol-3-yl ester crufomate: P 1510 benzoximate*) (Snip; , E, B) Curamil: P 6005 benzoic acid C 0520 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-cyclohexen- :* P 4505 -, 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy-, 1-yl ester (Dimetan; dimetan*) cyanofenphos:* P 1010 B 5505 methyl ester (Racuza; dicamba- -, (1,1-dimethylethyl)- :* P 4015 methyl*; disugran, A) C 0525 3-[[(dimethylamino)carbonyI]- Cyanox: P 4015 benzomate :* B 5305 amino]phenyl ester (Tandex; CYAP: P 4015 (1]benzopyrano[3,4-b]furo- karbutilate, A) cyclafuramid :* F 2005 [2,3.hl]lhbenzopyran-6- -, (3-methylphenyl)- cyclethrin :* C 1710 (6aH)-one C 0530 3-[(ethoxycarbonyI)amino]phenyI cycloate: C 1515 jB 6005 -,1l,2,12,12a-tetrahydro-8,9- ester (Betanal; F 38584; cyclopropanecarboxylic acid dimethoxy-2-(I-methyl- phenmedipham-ethyi*) -, 3-(cyclopentyiidenemethyl)- ethenyl)-, [2R-(2a,6aa,12aa)]- -, [1-[[j2-(methylthlo)ethyi]- 2,2-dimethyl- (rotenone, X) amlnoJcarbonyl]-1H- [5-(phenylmethyl)-2-furanyl]- 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one benzimidazol-2-yi]- methyl ester 202 PROGRESS IN STANDARDIZATION: I

C 1610 (1R-trans)- (RU-11679) Diothyl: P 4045 Fundal: M 1005 -, 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1- dipropetryn:* T 2050 Fundal 800: M 1005 propenyl)- distannoxane Fundal 500 EC: M 1005 C 1705 (6-chloro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)- D 1505 -, hexakis(1-methyl-2-phenyl. Fundal Forte: M 1005+formetanate methyl ester (barthrin, E) propyl)- (Torque; Vendex) (see 1420 in Annex 2) C 1710 3-(2-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-methyl-4- disugran: B 5505 Fundal SP: M 1005 hydrochloride oxo-2-cyclopenten-1-yl ester 2-4-dodecadienethloic acid Furadan: B 5205 (cyclethrin*) -, 11-methoxy-3,9,11-trlmethyl- 3-furancarboxamide C 1715 (2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl ester D 2005 S-ethyl ester. (E,E)- (Altorick; F 2005-, N-cyclohexyl-2,5-dimethyl- (ENT-21170; dimethrin*) triprene, A) (cyclafuramid*) C 1750 [2-methyl-5-(2-propynyl)-3- 2,4-dodecadienoic acid F 2025 -, 2,5-dimethyl-N-phenyl- furanyl]methyl ester -, 3,7,11-trimethyl- (BAS 3190F, 3191F, 3192F; (Kikuthrin; Proparthrin) D 2505 2-propynyl ester, (E,E)- (Altodel; furcarbanil*) [5-(phenylmethyl)-3-furanyl]- kinoprene, A) methyl ester Dowpon: P 5505 C 1760 cis-(+)- (RU-12063; NRDC-119; Draza: P 0515 Galecron: M 1005 OMS-1800; cis-(+)-resmethrin; Dursban: P 4040 Galecron SP: M 1005 hydro- cismethrin*) -, dimethyl homologue: P 4055 chloride C 1770 (4-(2-propenyl)phenyl]methyl glycine ester (Benathrin) G 0505-, N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)- 2-methyl-4-oxo-3-(2-propenyl)-2- (glyphosine, A) cyclopenten-1-yl ester EA-3054: C 2010 G 0510-, N-(phosphonomethyl)- C 1780 trans-(+)- (EA-3054; ENT-16275; edifenphos: P 3510 (MON 0573; *) trans-(+)-allethrin; bloallethrin*) Ektomin: I 0505 glyphosate:* G 0510 -, 3-(3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxo- EL-273: P 7505 I -propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl- Embutox: B 8005 glyphosine: G 0505 [5-(phenylmethyl)-3-furanyl] EPN, EPN-300: P 1015 methyl ester Etazine: T 2035 C 1805 trans-(+)- (RU-12061; NRDC-106) etem: T 0505 haloxydine: P 6905 cyhexatin :* S 0505 ethanethioic acid hempa: P 3005 Cylan: P 1505 -, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)- Herbit: E0505 Cynem: P 4030 E 0505 S-ethyl ester (Herbit; Hinosan: P 3510 Cyolane: P 1505 MCPA-thioethyl*) HMPA: P 3005 CYP: P 1010 ethanimidothioic acid cypendazole :* C 0507 -, 2-(dimethylamino)-N- Cytrolane: P 1515 [[(methylamino)carbonyl]- Imugan: F 0505 oxyl-2-oxo- 1H-indene-1 ,3(2H)-dione E 1000 methyl ester (Vydate Insecticidel 1 1005 -, 2-(1-naphthalenyl)- (radione, Daconil 2787: B 2510 Nematicide; Vydate Nematicide; X) dacthal, Dacthal: B 3005 , A) Inferno: P 4020 dalapon, Dalapon: P 5005 -, N-[[(methylamino)carbonyll- iodobonil :* C 1550 dalapon-Na: P 5505 oxy]- isodrin: D 1005 daminozide :* B 7505 E 1005 2-cyanoethyl ester (Talcord; IH-isoindole-1 ,3(2H)-dione 2,4-DB: B 8005 thiocarboxim*) 1 1505 -, 2-[(trichloromethyl)thio]- DCPA: B 3005 E 1010 methyl ester (Lannate; , (Phaltan; folpet, A, B) pp'-DDE: B 1510 A, B) isophenphos :* P 2625 DDT: B 1520 ethanol isoprocarb :* P 0525 pp'-DDT: B 1525 -, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- isopropalin: B 1015 deet: B 0550 E 1505 phosphite (3: 1) (Falone; 2,4-DEP, 5(4H)-isoxazolone delachlor:* A 0515 W) -, 3-methyl- demephion: P 4050 : P 0805 1 2005 4-[(3-chlorophenyl)hydrazone] demeton: P 4025 :* P 0523 (metazoxolon*) demeton-methyl: P 4060 ethiolate:* C 1520 demetonmethyl: P 4060 ethofumesate :* B 5005 2,4-DEP: E 1505 ethoprop: P 3515 karbutilate: C 0525 desmedipham :* C 0540 :* P 3515 Kerb: B 0505 DET: B 0550 Etrofolan: P 0525 DETA: B 0550 Exotherm Termil: B 2510 Kikuthrin: C 1750 Devrinol: P 4305 kinoprene: D 2505 Dexon: D 0505 : P 3505 dialifos:* P 3505 Falone: E 1505 Landrin: P 0535 diazenesulfonic acid famphur: P 4047 Lannate: E 1010 -, [4-(dimethylamino)phenyll- fenaminosulf:* D 0505 Lasso: A 0510 D 0505 sodium salt (Dexon; :* P 1520 Lepton: P 1005 fenaminosuIP) fenethacarb :* P 0507 : P 1005 dibutalin: B 1010 fenuron-TCA: A 1015 Lucel: Q 5005 dicamba-methyl:* B 5505 Ficam: B 4705 Di-Captan: P 4005 fluchloralin :* B 1000 dicapthon: P 4005 9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid Machete: A 0505 dichlorflurenol:* F 0315 F 0305-, 2-chloro- (chlorfluren*) MAPO: A 2005 dichlormate:* B 3200 F 0315-, 2,7-dichloro-9-hydroxy- MCPA-thioethyl :* E 0505 dichlozoline: 0 1005 (dichlorflurenol*) mecarbinzid :* C 0535 dicloran: B 1005 folpet: 1 1505 mephosfolan :* P 1515 dicoumarin: B 6205 formamide mercaptodimethur:* P 0515 dicoumarol: B 6205 F 0505-, N-[1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- Mesurol: P 0515 dienochlor:* B 7005 amino-2,2,2-trichloroethyl]- Metadelphene: B 0550 diethchinalphion: P 4035 (Imugan; Bay 79770, XXII07; metaphoxide: A 2005 dimetan,* Dimetan: C 0520 chloraniformethan*) metazoxolon :* 1 2005 1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene F 0525-, N,N'-[1l,4-piperazinediylbis- metepa: A 2005 D 1005-, 1 ,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1 ,4,4a,- (2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)l- metflurazon,* metflurazone: 5,8,8a-hexahydro-, (1a,4a,- bis-(biformykchIorazin*; P 6525 4a0,50,89,8ag)- (isodrin, B) triforine*; formchlorazin*) :* P 2005 dimethrin:* C 1715 formchlorazin :* F 0525 methane dimetilan: C 0515 Fortrol: P 4505 M 0505 -, trichloronitro- (chloropicrin, dimidazon :* P 6555 fospirate: P 2700 X) dinitramine: B 2305 Frutone CPA: P 4805 methanimidamide PESTICIDES 203

M 1000-, N-butyl-N'-(4-chloro-2- oxadiazon :* 0 0525 P 1505 diethyl ester (Cylan; Cyolane; methylphenyl)-N-methyl- 0 0525 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one carbolane*; *) (Buformin; Ektomin; C-22598; -, 3-[2,4-dlchloro-5-(1-methyl- P10 methyl- chlormebuform*) ethoxy)phenyl]-5-(I ,I - P 1510 2-chloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- M 1005-, N'-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)- dimethylethyl)- (17623 R.P.; phenyl methyl ester (Ruelene; N,N-dimethyl- (C-8514; oxadlazon*) crufomate, U) Fundal; Galecron; chlor- oxamyl: E 1000 -,(4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2- phenamidine*; chlorodimeform*; oxapyrazon-sodium :* A 1007 ylidene)- chlordimeform, A) (some 2,4-oxazolidinedione P 1515 diethyl ester (Cytrolane; formulations contain the base, 0 1005 -, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5,5- mephosfolan*; methocarbolane*) some the hydrochloride) dimethyl- (Solex; P (1-methylethyl)- 4,7-methano-IH-isoindole-1,3- dichlozoline, A) P 1520 ethyl 3-methyl-4-(methylthio)- (2H)-dione phenyl ester (Nemacur P; M 1505 -, 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-3a,4,7,7a- fenamiphos*) tetrahydro- (MGK 264) phosphoramidothioic acid, : 0 0505 Paarlan: B 1015 esters 1,3,4-metheno-1H-cyclobuta[cdj- Padan: C 1505 P 2005 0,S-dimethyl ester (Tamaron; pentalene parafluron :* U 1025 Monitor; methamidophos*) M 2005 -, 1,1a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6- parinol: B 6850 phosphoramidothioic acid dodecachlorooctkhydro- Parnon: B 6850 (mirex, E) PCA: P 6505 P P2505 OS-dimethylacetyl- ester (Orthene; : P 0515 Pentac: B 7005 acephate*) methocarbolamle:* P 1515 2-pentenoic acid -, (1-iminoethyl). methomyl: E 1010 P 0105 -, 2,3,5,5,5-pentachloro-4-oxo-, P 2605 0,0-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ester methoxymarc :* B 0525 (Z)- (alorac*) (phosacetim*) methyl aphoxide: A 2005 Perthane: B 1515 -, (1-methylethyl)- metoprotazine :* T 2000 Phaltan: 1 1505 P 2625 O-ethyl 0-r2-[(1-methylethoxy)- metoxymarc: B 0525 phencyclocarb :* P 0505 carbonyl]phenyl] ester Metramas: P 4020 phenisobromolate :* B 2005 (SRA 12869; Bay 92114; :* T 2505 phenmedipham-ethyl :* C 0530 isophenphos*) mexacarbate: P 0510 phenobenzuron :* B 0515 phosphoric acid, esters MGK 264: M 1505 phenol P 2700 dimethyl 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl milneb: T 1005 -, 2-cyclopentyl- ester (fospirate, A) MIPC: P 0525 P 0505 methylcarbamate (Bay 38799) phosphoric triamide Mipcin: P 0525 -, 3,5-diethyl- P 3005 -, hexamethyl- (HMPA; hempa, mirex: M 2005 P 0507 methylcarbamate (BAS 23501; E) Mobam: B 6705 fenethacarb*) phosphorodithioic acid, esters MOCAP: P 3515 -, 4-(dimethylamino)-3,5- P 3505 S-[2-chloro-1-(1 ,3-dihydro-1,3- molinate: A 1505 dimethyl- dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)ethyl] MON 0573: G 0510 P 0510 methylcarbamate (ester) (Zectran; 0,0-diethyl ester (Torak; Monitor: P 2005 mexacarbate, A) dialifos*; dialifor, A) monuron-TCA: A 1010 -,3,5-d1irethyl-4-(rnethy1th1io)- P 3510 O-ethyl S,S-diphenyl ester MXMC: P 0515 P 0515 methylcarbamate (Draza * Mesurol; (Hinosan; edifenphos, B) MXMC; mercaptodimethur*; P 3515 O-ethyl S,S-dipropyl ester methiocarb, B) (MOCAP; ethoprop, A) -, 3-(1-ethylpropyl)- phosphorothioic acid, esters naphtho[2,3-dJ-1 ,3-dioxole-5,6- P 0520 methylcarbamate, mixt. with P 4000 0-(3-chloro-7-methylpyrazolo- dicarboxylic acid 3-(1-methylbutyl)phenyl methyl- [1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl) 0,0- -, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-7-methyl- carbamate (1: 3) (Bux) diethyl ester (chlorprazophos*) N 0505 dipropyl ester (propyl isome, E) P 4005 0-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) napropamide: P 4305 -, NC-6897: B 4705 P 0523 methylcarbamate2-[(ethylthio)methylj-(HOX 1901; 0,0-dimethyl ester (Di-Captan; Nemacur P: P 1520 ethiofencarb*) dicapthon, E, A) Nemafos: P 4030 2-(1-methylethyl)- P 4010 0-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) 0,0- Nemaphos: P 4030 P 0525 methylcarbamate (Carbamat dimethyl ester (Chlorthion) Neoron: B 2005 IPM; Etrofolan; MIPC; Mipcin; P 4015 0-(4-cyanophenyl) 0,0-dimethyl neostanox:* D 1505 isoprocarb*) ester (Cyanox; CYAP; nitralin :* B 1020 2-(I-methylpropyl)- cyanophos*) nitrapyrin: P 6805 P 0530P methylcarbamate (Bassa; BPMC) P 4017 0-[2,5-dichloro-4-(methylthio)- -, 3,4,5-trimethyl- phenyl] 0,0-diethyl ester Noltran: P 4055 P 0535 methylcarbamate, mixt. with (chlorthiophos*) norflurazon :* P 6535 2,3,5-trimethylphenyl methyl- P 4020 S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl] 0,0- Nortran: B 5005 carbamate (75 %: 18 %) diethyl ester (Metramas; (Landrin) Inferno; amiton, B) phentriazophos :* P 4029 P 4025 0,0-diethyl 0-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] Octacide 264: M 1505 phosacetim :* P 2605 ester, mixt. with 0,0-diethyl OMS-32: P 0525 phosethoprop:* P 3515 S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] phos- OMS-47: P 0510 phosfolam:* P 1505 phorothioate (i.e., a mixt. of OMS-93: P 0515 phosphonic acid demeton-O and demeton-S) OMS-198: D 1005 P 0805-, (2-chloroethyl)- (CEPA; (demeton, E, A, B) OMS-479: C 0515 ethephon, A) P 4027 0,0-diethyl S-[(5-methoxy-2-oxo- OMS-597: see P 0535 (the 3,4,5- -, methyl- 1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2H)-yl)- isomer) P 0825 7-chlorobicyclo[3.2.0]hepta-2,6- methyl] ester (athidathion*) OMS-708: B 6705 dien-6-yl methyl ester P 4029 0,0-diethyl 0-(1-phenyl-1H- OMS-786: P 4065 (heptenophos*) 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) ester OMS-971: P 4040 phosphonothioic acid (phentriazophos*) OMS-1394: B 4705 -, phenyl- OMS-1438: P 1005 P 1005 0-(4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) P 4030 0,0-diethyl 0-pyrazinyl ester OMS-1800: C 1760 0-methyl ester (Abar; Phosvel; (Cynem; Nemafos; Nemaphos; Ordram: A 1505 Lepton; leptophos, A) thionazin, B) Orthene: P 2505 P 1010 0-(4-cyanophenyl) O-ethyl ester P 4035 0,0-diethyl 0-2-quinoxalinyl orthonil :* B 3300 (Surecide; CYP; cyanofenphos*) ester (Bayrusil; *) oryzalin: B 4005 P 1015 O-ethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) ester P 4040 0,0-diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2- 1 ,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione (EPN, E) pyridinyl) ester (Dursban; 0 0505 -, 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4- P 1030 O-ethyl 0-8-quinolinyl ester chlorpyrifos, A) methyl- (Tunic; Probe; (Bacdip) P 4045 0-[2-(dimethylamino)-6-methyl-4- bioxone; chlormefhazole*; phosphoramidic acid pyrimidinyl] 0,0-diethyl ester methazole, A) -, 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene- (Diothyl; pyrimitate, P) 204 PROGRESS IN STANIDARDIZATION: 1

P 4047 O-[4-[(dimethylamino)sulfonyl]- P 6525-, 4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2- :* U 1005 phenyl] 0,0-dimethyl ester [3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylj- temephos :* P 4065 (famphur, F) (metflurazon*; metflurazone, B) terbacil: P 7005 P 4050 O,O-dimethyl O-[2-(methylthio)- P 6535 -, 4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2- terbumeton :* T 2020 ethyl] ester, mixt. with 0,0- [3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]- terbuthylaton :* T 2020 dimethyl S-[2-(methylthio)- (Sandoz 9789; Termil: B 2510 ethyl] phosphorothloate (i.e., a norflurazon*) 1 ,3,6-thiadiazepine mixture of demephion-O and P 6555 -, 4,5-dimethoxy-2-phenyl- T 0505-, hexahydro-2,7-dithio- demephion-S) (demephion, B) (BAS 3552H; dimidazon*) (etem, B) P 4055 0,0-dimethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2- pyridine 2H- ,3,5-thiadiazlne-2-thione pyridinyl) ester (dimethyl P 6805 -, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)- T 1005 -, 3,3'-ethylenebis[tetrahydro- homologue of Dursban; (nitrapyrin, A) 4,6-dimethyl- (milneb, A, B) chlorpyrifos-methyl*) 3-pyridinemethanol thiocarboxim:* E 1005 P 4060 0-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] 0,0-di- P 6850 -, a,a-bis(4-chlorophenyl)- thionazin: P 4030 methyl ester, mixt. with (Parnon; parinol, A) thiourea S-[2-(ethylthlo)ethyl] 0,O-di- 4-pyridinol T 1505-, N'(-chloro-2-methylphenyl)- methyl phosphorothioate (i.e., P 6905-, 3,5-dichloro-2,6-difluoro- N,N-dimethyl- (C-9140; a mixture of demeton-O- (haloxydine, B) chloromethiuron*) methyl and demeton-S-methyl) 2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione thioxamyl:* E 1000 (demetonmethyl, E, A; demeton- P 7005-, 5-chloro-3-(I,I-dimethylethyl)- Torak: P 3505 methyl, B) 6-methyl- (Sinbar; terbacil, Torque: D 1505 P 4065 0,O'-(thiodi-4,1-phenylene) W, A) triarimol: P 7505 0,O,O',O'-tetramethyl ester 5-pyrimidinemethanol 1 ,3,5-triazine-2,4dlamine (ABATE; Bithion; temephos*) P 7500-, a-cyclopropyl-a.(4-methoxy- T 2000-, 6-chloro-N-(1,1-dimethyl- Phosvel: P 1005 phenyl)- (EL-531; ancymidol*) ethyl)-N'-(3-methoxypropyl)- piperonyl butoxide: B 4510 P 7505-, a-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-a- (G 34698; CGA 4999; Planavin: B 1020 phenyl- (EL-273; triarimol, A) metoprotazine*) Plictran: S 0505 pyrimitate:* P4045 T 2005-, 6-chloro-N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl- Prefox: C 1520 pyrimithate:* P 4045 (chlorazine, A, B) Probe: 0 0505 T 2020-,N(1,11-dimethylethyl)N'- propanamide ethyl-6-methoxy- (Caragard; P 4305 -, N,N-diethyl-2-(1-naphthalenyl- quinalphos:* P 4035 terbumeton*; terbuthylaton*) oxy)- (Devrinol; napropamide, quinoxaline T 2035-, N-ethyl1-rmethoxy-N'-(1- W) Q 5005 -, 5,6,7,8-tetrachloro- (Lucel; methylpropyl)- (Etazine; propanenitrile chlorquinox*) secbumeton*) P 4505 -, 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- quintiophos: P 1030 T 2050-, 6-(ethylthlo)-N,N'-bis(1- 1 ,3,5-trlazln-2-yljamlno]-2- methyl)- (Cotofor; methyl- (Fortrol; Radikill; dipropetryn*) cyanazine*) Racuza: B 5505 1 ,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one propanoic acid Radapon: P 5505 T 2505-, 4-amino-6-(I,I-dimethylethyl)- P 4805-, 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)- Radikill: P 4505 3-(methylthio)- (Bay 94337; (Frutone CPA; cloprop*) radione: 1 1005 metribuzin*) P 5005-, 2,2-dichloro- (Dalapon; resmethrin, cis-(+)-: C 1760 trichlormethylfos: P 4055 dalapon, A, B) Ro-Neet: C 1515 triforine :* F 0525 P 5505 sodium salt (Dowpon; Radapon; rotenone: B 6005 trimeturon: C 1005 dalapon-Na, W, B) Rowmate: B 3200 triprene: D 2005 Proparthrin: C 1750 Ruelene: P 1510 Tropital: B 4505 prophos: P 3515 Ryzelan: B 4005 Tunic: 0 0505 propyl isome: N 0505 propyzamide :* B 0505 prynachlor: A 0525 secbumeton :* T 2035 Urab: A 1015 pydanon :* P 6205 sesamex: B 4515 urea pyracarbolid :* P 5905 Sesoxane: B 4515 U 1005-, N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)- Pyramin: P 6505 Sinbar: P 7005 1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl1-N,N'- pyranil :* P 5905 Snip: C 0515 dimethyl- (EL-103; 2H-pyran-5-carboxamide Solex: 0 1005 tebuthiuron*) P 5905 -, 3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-N- stannane U 1025-, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[4-(trifluoro- phenyl- (pyracarbolid*) S 0505-, tricyclohexylhydroxy- methyl)phenylj- pyrazolo[1 ,5-a]-6- (Plictran; cyhexatin*) (parafluron*) carboxylic acid sulfoxide: B 4520 Urox: A 1010 -, 2-[(diethoxyphosphinothioyl)- sulfurous acid, esters oxy]-5-methyl- S 1005 2-chloroethyl 2-[4-(1,1-dimethyl- P 6005 ethyl ester (Afugan; Curamil; ethyl)phenoxy]-1 -methylethyl Van Dyke 264: M 1505 pyrazophos*) ethyl ester (Aramite) Vendex: D 1505 pyrazon: P 6505 sulphenone: B 1505 Vydate Insecticide/Nematicide: pyrazophos :* P 6005 Surecide: P 1010 E 1000 4(IH)-pyridazineacetic acid Sutan: C 1510 Vydate Nematicide: E 1000 P 6205 -, hexahydro-4-hydroxy-3,6- swep: C 0510 dioxo- (pydanon*) 3(2H)-pyridazinone Zectran: P 0510 P 6505 -, 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl- Talcord: E 1005 Zinophos: P 4030 (PCA; Pyramin; pyrazon, Tamaron: P 2005 zoalene: B 0575 W, A, B) Tandex: C 0525 Zoamix: B 0575