Energy Efficiency Essential in Environmental Work
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FINLAND and the ÅLAND ISLANDS Monday
FINLAND AND THE ÅLAND ISLANDS Monday 21 July Today we crossed from Tallinn, Estonia to Helsinki, Finland by ferry. The first thing to do was a major and quite expensive stock-up shop at the supermarket over the road, in anticipation of more expensive times to come in Scandinavia. Then along to check in early with the Finnish Eckero Line, and after a wait of an hour or so we were among the last to be loaded, along with many other motorhomes and heavy trucks. Big ship, with many similarities to those used for Channel crossings. The only problem was to get away from the live music in the public areas, much enjoyed by most passengers. Also popular was lying out in the sun on and around the small covered pool in what was a beautiful blue day – windy, though. We finally found a relatively quiet spot to read and use the internet before going on deck again to watch the ship’s spectacular entry to and through the Helsinki archipelago. You can never watch the final docking because of the need to get down to the cars and vans, so the first we saw of Finland was through the open rear of the vessel. We had the Tomtom all set to guide us to the camp site, but even so it is a stressful business being dumped in a busy part of a busy city like Helsinki without much idea of where you are or how you get to where you want to go. The camp site, in the suburb of Rastila, is about 10 km north-east of the city. -
Soldiering and the Making of Finnish Manhood
Soldiering and the Making of Finnish Manhood Conscription and Masculinity in Interwar Finland, 1918–1939 ANDERS AHLBÄCK Doctoral Thesis in General History ÅBO AKADEMI UNIVERSITY 2010 © Anders Ahlbäck Author’s address: History Dept. of Åbo Akademi University Fabriksgatan 2 FIN-20500 Åbo Finland e-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-952-12-2508-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-12-2509-3 (pdf) Printed by Uniprint, Turku Table of Contents Acknowledgements v 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Images and experiences of conscripted soldiering 1 1.2 Topics in earlier research: The militarisation of modern masculinity 8 1.3 Theory and method: Conscription as a contested arena of masculinity 26 1.4 Demarcation: Soldiering and citizenship as homosocial enactments 39 2 The politics of conscription 48 2.1 Military debate on the verge of a revolution 52 2.2 The Civil War and the creation of the “White Army” 62 2.3 The militiaman challenging the cadre army soldier 72 2.4 From public indignation to closing ranks around the army 87 2.5 Conclusion: Reluctant militarisation 96 3 War heroes as war teachers 100 3.1 The narrative construction of the Jägers as war heroes 102 3.2 Absent women and distant domesticity 116 3.3 Heroic officers and their counter-images 118 3.4 Forgetfulness in the hero myth 124 3.5 The Jäger officers as military educators 127 3.6 Conclusion: The uses of war heroes 139 4 Educating the citizen-soldier 146 4.1 Civic education and the Suomen Sotilas magazine 147 4.2 The man-soldier-citizen amalgamation 154 4.3 History, forefathers and the spirit of sacrifice -
Helsinki, Finland
S WEDEN © 2011 maps.com © 2011 NORWAY Helsinki Pohjoisesplanadi 35 HELSINKI a e S i c l t B a Helsinki, Finland POLAND PORT EXPLORER and SHOPPING GUIDE Look for this sign or flag VAT Most stores participate in the Value Added Tax program in which Non-European citi- in all of our preferred zens may be entitled to reclaim a portion or all of the taxes paid (depending on the total pur- shops. chase price). It is your responsibility to inquire as to whether or not the store participates in VAT refund program if the purchase qualifies for a refund. GENERAL INFORMATION Beware of “similar” signs Helsinki is the capital of Finland, of ways of serving Reindeer, one of which is cold and smoked. Bear at store fronts. GLOBAL BLUE Shop where you see this Global Blue - Tax Free Shop- situated on a peninsula on the southern coast, overlooking the Gulf and Elk may appear on the menu and there is also plenty of ‘game’. ping sign and ask for your tax refund receipt. To qualify, there are minimum of Finland and the Baltic Sea. It is a predominantly modern city with The Finns enjoy pastries and desserts, a particular favorite being the If the store is not men- amounts, per store, per day, so please ask the retailer for details. Show your a population of half a million inhabitants. Little remains of the original Cloudberry, found extensively in northern Scan di navia, it is a varia- tioned on this map, then purchases and Global Blue receipts to Customs officials when leaving the old town, this is largely due to the fact that the first buildings were tion of the Raspberry, slightly more tart. -
Finnish Socialism, Nationalism and Russian Ideological Intervention in the Finnish Civil War
The Finnish Battle for Identity: Finnish Socialism, Nationalism And Russian Ideological Intervention in the Finnish Civil War Alexander Maavara Shortly before he returned to Russia in 1917, Vladimir Lenin expressed his support for Finland, or, as he referred to it: “one of the most advanced republican countries,” to receive independence from the Russian Empire.1 Lenin hoped that an independent Finland, which had "developed democracy relatively peacefully and won over a majority of the people to socialism,"2 would come to support the Russian proletariat in the global revolution. Lenin’s prediction proved incorrect as Finland erupted into a civil war shortly after gaining its independence in December 1917. The civil war was fought between the Finnish Whites and Reds, ending with over 30,000 dead and the defeat of the Reds, despite the pre-war popularity and support of socialism. Lenin had falsely assumed that Finland’s developed socialism corresponded with an equally developed militant revolutionary culture that would allow the Finnish socialists to easily seize power. This assumption led to the Finnish Reds becoming heavily dependent on Russian revolutionary ideology and material support. This dependence would allow the Finnish Whites to mobilize Finnish nationalism and frame the conflict as a War of Liberation against Russification, leaving a hostile nation on the Soviet Union’s border. Lenin’s misstep was grounded in a misinterpretation of how Finland’s position in the Russian Empire led to the evolution of a different socialist culture than existed in Russia itself. The Grand Duchy of Finland held privileged autonomy, maintaining its own legislature (the Diet) and executive (the Senate), while foreign relations were controlled by Russia. -
The Capital Beat Sat-Sun 11:00-17:00 Tickets €0/5.50/8 Virgin Oil CO
26 15 – 21 MARCH 2012 WHERE TO GO HELSINKI TIMES COMPILED BY ANNA-MAIJA LAPPI The retrospective exhibition pre- sents Laine’s paintings from the mid-1980s to the present. Kunsthalle Helsinki Nervanderinkatu 3 SANTTU SÄRKÄS Tue, Thu, Fri 11:00-18:00 Wed 11:00-20:00 The Capital Beat Sat-Sun 11:00-17:00 Tickets €0/5.50/8 Virgin Oil CO. will fill with warmth and energy when the bril- www.taidehalli.fi liant Finnish eight-piece music machine The Capital Beat step on stage on Saturday 17 March. Their music is an exciting mix Until Sun 29 April of ska, reggae and soul that evokes memories of older Jamaican Carl Larsson: In Search of the Good Life sounds but with a fresh and new twist. Exhibition of one of Sweden’s most The band was formed in the summer of 2007, and their debut al- beloved artists includes over a hun- bum, A Greater Fire (2009), was well-received by both critics and dred paintings, and it also presents fans. With their second album, On The Midnight Wire (2011), the Carl and Karin Larsson as designers of furniture and art handicrafts. band took a step in a more reggae direction, and some new spice Ateneum, Kaivokatu 2 was brought to the music by accordions, flutes and strings. The Tue-Fri 10:00-18:00 second album, mixed by producer Bommitommi, also contains ap- Wed, Thu 10:00-20:00 pearances by respected reggae/hip hop/soul musicians such as Sat-Sun 11:00-17:00 Puppa J and Tommy Lindgren from Don Johnson Big Band. -
Music Finland UK
Music Finland UK 2012–2013 / REPORT “It seems to me that at the moment “It takes a lot to get noticed in a place “Through The Line of Best Fit’s continued like London where there is so much going on all obsession with Nordic music and our historical Finland has an awful lot to offer in music. the time. But I think with the LIFEM – The Finnish links with the likes of the Ja Ja Ja club night in Line concerts at Kings Place, the Ja Ja Ja London, we’ve always kept a very close eye on And it’s about time we need to go and find it, Festival at the Roundhouse and the Songlines the sounds coming out of Finland. In the last CD, Finnish music really did make an impact. It’s three years, the quality of emerging talent has explore it, share it with people – because it’s the quirky, surprising and adventurous quality been just incredible and we’re seeing some real- of Finnish music that stands out – alongside ly unique invention and envelope–pushing from just too good to hide!” the musical virtuosity.“ all of the bands on this special release.” SIMON BROUGHTON / SONGLINES PAUL BRIDGEWATER / THE LINE OF BEST FIT, JOHN KENNEDY / XFM COMMENTING ON THE LINE–UP FOR MUSIC FINLAND’S OFFICIAL RECORD STORE DAY RELEASE 2013 “While Finland in the past might have “One of the best musical experiences held back a little from taking its scene to the of 2013 for me was going to Helsinki’s Kuudes world, their current united front means this is Aisti festival – an amazing site and brilliant “Having recently attended festivals in “Finland’s musical life is still a shining example changing. -
The Åland Example Applied – a Case Study of the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao
REPORT FROM THE ÅLAND ISLANDS PEACE INSTITUTE Rapport från Ålands fredsinstitut The Åland Example Applied – a Case Study of the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao Gustav Blomberg E T Å U L T A I T N S D N S I F E R C E A D E S P I N S S D T N IT U LA T T IS HE ÅLAND No. 2–2015 The former intern at the Åland Islands Peace Institute Gustav Blomberg has a Bachelor of Science in Global Studies from Linnaeus University as well as a Bachelor of Arts in Museology from Umeå Uni- versity. He was a parliament assistant in the Finnish Parliament to MP Elisabeth Nauclér between November 2011 and April 2015 during which time he worked extensively with questions regarding the Åland Example, autonomy solutions, minority protection and human rights. He moreover planned and organised international events and seminars about Åland and autonomy questions and was also the Secretary to the Åland Friendship Group in the parliament. Gustav nowadays works as project leader at Landskaps föreningen Folkhälsan på Åland. The Åland Example Applied – a Case Study of the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao Gustav Blomberg Rapport från Ålands fredsinstitut Report from the Åland Islands Peace Institute No. 2–2015 ISSN 1797-1845 (Printed) ISSN 1797-1853 (Online) ISBN 978-952-5265-79-8 (Print) ISBN 978-952-5265-80-4 (Online) Published by the Åland Islands Peace Institute PB 85, AX-22101 Mariehamn, Åland, Finland Phone +358 18 15570, fax +358 18 21026 [email protected] www.peace.ax This report can be downloaded from www.peace.ax © Gustav Blomberg, 2015. -
Helsinki 1. - 4
HELSINKI 1. - 4. AUGUST 2011 This time we had booked a trip to Helsinki, which is the capital of Finland. This is the 28th capital we are visiting. ☺ We went as usual from Gardermoen. This time we went once again with Norwegian. The plain departed 14.15 and was planned to arrive 16.35, but it went a bit quicker. The area “Finland Proper” was incorporated in Sweden in 1154 by the Swedish king Erik. That was the start of the 700 years of Swedish rule. In the 1200s also Tavastia and most of Karelia became parts of the Swedish empire. In 1808 Alexander I of Russia conquered the parts of Sweden that are located east of the Bothnian Bay during a war called The Finnish War, and it became thereafter the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland inside the Russian Empire until the revolution in 1917. Flagg Riksvåpen The Finnish national poem Kalevala was written down in 1835 and fiction in the Finnish language started to grow. The 6th of December 1917, shortly after the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, Finland declared itself independent. There was an agreement about the Finnish-Russian border in 1920 by the treaty in Tartu. In 1918 broke out a short, but very bitter civil war, which marked the country’s politics during many years. During WWII Finland fought against The Soviet Union tvice: In the Winter War from 1939 to 1940 and again in the Continuation War 1941–1944. When the German Continuation War collapsed the same year, Finland ceased peace with the Soviet Union. -
Political Taboos in Finland
European University Viadrina Faculty of Cultural Studies Seminar: Taboo Discourse Professor Dr. Hartmut Schröder Winter semester 1998/99 Political Taboos and National Trauma in Finland caused by the Civil War 1918 Paper written by Sakari Jääskeläinen [email protected] Table of Contents Page Introduction 1 1. The Concept of Taboo 1 2. The Birth of the National Trauma 3 3. Jaeger Movement and the Red Jaegers 7 4. Why did the War break out? 9 4.1. Agitation Theory 9 4.2. The Rich against the Poor 10 4.3. Ostrobothnians against the Russians 11 5. Red Orphans 11 6. Traumas in the Families 14 7. Writers and the Civil War 15 7.1. Writers before Linna 15 7.2. Väinö Linna 17 8. Conclusions 17 9. Abstract (in Finnish) 18 10. References 19 Introduction Soon after declaring independence in 1917, a civil war burst out in Finland. Although the war was relatively short, it was bloody and left bitter memories in many Finns’ minds. Finally, at the end of the 1990s, the Finnish government founded a group of researchers to discover and publish information concerning those who died during and after the war. The reasons and means behind many deaths were still questionable. The research involves, in particular, those who died in different retaliatory measures. Killing outside of actual battle and the use of unnecessary force and violence, in war, gnaw at the minds of people even decades afterwards. It may take a long time, but those deeds can be forgotten if the crimes are published and openly discussed in the society. -
The Grand Tour of the Nordic Countries Itinerary
combination.nordicvisitor.com THE GRAND TOUR OF THE NORDIC COUNTRIES ITINERARY DAY 1 DAY 1: FANTASTIC FINLAND The Great North Tour begins at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport where you are greeted and escorted to your hotel in the heart of Helsinki, Finland’s bustling capital. For those who arrive early, we recommend buying the Helsinki Card, which grants free entry to major city attractions and museums as well as unlimited travel on public transportation. Spend a relaxing night in Helsinki. Attractions: Finland, Finlandia Hall, Finnish Parliament Building, Helsinki Opera House, Senate Square, Sibelius Monument, Uspenski Cathedral DAY 2 DAY 2: EXPLORE HELSINKI & CRUISE TO SWEDEN After your complimentary breakfast at the hotel, spend the first part of your day exploring more Helsinki attractions such as Senate Square, Uspenski Cathedral, Parliament House, Finlandia Hall, the New Opera House, or the Sibelius Park and Monument. Later, spend an enchanted evening on the Baltic Sea as a cruise ship whisks you away to Stockholm, Sweden’s stylish capital. Take full advantage of the on-board amenities such as cafes, restaurants, and shops and then spend the night in one of the ship’s comfortable cabins. Attractions: Finlandia Hall, Finnish Parliament Building, Helsinki, Senate Square, Sibelius Monument, Uspenski Cathedral DAY 3 DAY 3: SAIL TO STOCKHOLM Savor the maritime scenery during breakfast as your cruise ship navigates through Sweden’s Archipelago, a collection of over 30,000 islands and inlets. After pulling into the harbor at Stockholm, a city built on 14 islands, you will head to your centrally-located hotel. To see the best of Stockholm, we recommend purchasing a My Stockholm Pass, which gives you free admission to 75 experiences throughout the city, plus free sightseeing tours, discounts at a number of restaurants and shops and much more. -
15 Vuotta Vuohen Selässä
15 vuotta vuohen selässä Metal Club Mökä 1998–2013 Metal Club Mökä ry http://www.mcmoka.fi 1 Sisällysluettelo Intro 5 Maailmanvalloituksen askelet 27 Presidenttien muistelot 81 Hevimusiikki on maailman tärkein asia! 6 Otaniemi 28 2000 Tapio Keihänen 83 Miten kaikki alkoi? 7 Saunaillat 28 2001 Hannu-Pekka Poikonen 84 Kerhohuone 30 2002 Toni Poikonen 85 48 tunnin metallimaratoni 32 2003 Thomas Sandvik 87 Vuohen selässä 13 Smökki- ja Aate-keikat 36 2004 Sampsa Jaatinen 89 Jäsenpakotus 39 2005 Thomas Sandvik 91 Metallin luvattu maa? Metallimusiikin Näkyvyys 40 2006 Juha Karjalainen 93 asema Suomessa 1998–2008 14 Nettisivut 41 2007 Salum Abdul-Rahman 96 Saatesanat 14 IRC 42 2008 Vesa Isokauppila 97 Heavy Metal or No Metal at All? 16 Sähköpostilistat 43 2009 Markus Karppinen 99 Virallinen lista rautaisessa otteessa 17 Mökä-brändi 44 2010 Markus Karppinen 101 Mitä levymyynti kertoo? 19 Vuohi-meemin tarina 47 2011 Pyry Peitso 103 Alan lehtiä ja vähän muitakin 19 Pääkaupunkiseutu 48 2012 Juhani Heinonen 104 Kuhinaa skenessä 21 Tuskan paimentajat 49 2013 Juho Nenonen 106 Panssarilaivalla valtavirrassa 23 Stuba Nikula kertoo 51 Jälkikirjoitus 25 Silent Night, Bodom Night 54 Raskas tulevaisuus 108 Suomenlinna 56 Raskas tulevaisuus 2013 109 Baarit 57 Vammailu sivut: kuinka mökä sinä olet? 110 Salibandy 61 Kiitokset! 112 Suomi 62 Muut hevikerhot 63 Kavonen kertoo 65 Spedemetallinaiset – naisenergiaa sisarellisessa ilmapiirissä 68 Akateemiset heviristeilyt 70 Nummirock 72 Jalometalli 74 Eurooppa 75 Sweden Rock Festival 76 Tallinna 77 Wacken 78 Metal Club Mökä ry Metal Camp 79 Helsinki 2013 http://www.mcmoka.fi ISBN 978-952-93-2620-4 (sid.) ISBN 978-952-93-2621-1 (PDF) 2 3 LukuIntro 1 Miten kaikki alkoi? Toni Poikonen Kaikki alkoi kesällä 1998. -
Sunell Pro Gradu Liitteineen
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto MITEN SUOMEN YKSITYINEN METSÄTEOLLISUUS HANKKI LÄNSIMAISEN YDINVOIMALAN Tutkimus taloudellisesta ja poliittisesta vallankäytöstä 1970-luvulla Milka Markus Sunell Helsingin yliopisto Yhteiskuntahistorian laitos Pro gradu -tutkimus Huhtikuu 2001 1 SISÄLLYS 1 JOHDANTO......................................................................................................................3 1.1 METSÄTEOLLISUUS SUOMALAISENA TUTKIMUSKOHTEENA ...............................................5 1.1.1 Sähkö ja kaksi teollisuutta......................................................................................8 1.2 VALLANKÄYTÖN INSTITUTIONAALISET RAJAT................................................................11 1.2.1 Kapitalisti ja sääntelijä........................................................................................12 1.3 PÄÄOMA, POLTTOAINE JA MUUT YDINONGELMAT...........................................................15 2 KILPAILU ATOMISÄHKÖSTÄ..................................................................................22 2.1 ATOMISEKAYHTIÖN KARIUTUMINEN ..............................................................................24 2.2 IMATRAN VOIMA JA NEUVOSTOLIITTO VOITTIVAT..........................................................29 2.2.1 Tarjoukset, joita ei näytetty..................................................................................33 2.2.2 Voimala, jota ei tilattu..........................................................................................36