February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3427 By Mr. ZEFERETTI: ADDITIONAL SPONSORS Mr. JONES of Oklahoma, Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. H . Con. Res. 61. Concurrent resolution Weiss, Mr. MAZZOLI, Mr. ROE, Mr. DERWINSKI, concerning the people of Ireland; to the Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. GREEN, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. Committee on Foreign Affairs. were added to public bills and resolutions O 'BRIEN, Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland, Mr. By Mr. BROOKS: as follows: 0BERSTAR, Mr. AKAKA, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, Mr. KINDNESS, Mr. LEVITAS, Mr. WILLIAMS of H. Res. 140. A resolution to provide for the H.R. 333: Mr. BROYHILL, Mr. CHAPPELL, Mr. Montana, Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee, Mr. expenses of investigations, studies, oversight, JEFFORDS , Mr. PRITCHARD , Mr. DUNCAN of MYERS of Indiana., Mr. CORCORAN, Mr. BU­ and functions to be conducted by the Com­ Tennessee, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. COLLINS of Tex­ CHANAN, Mr. DRINAN, Mr. LOTT, Mr. LEE, Mr. mittee on Government Operations; to the as, Mr. VENTO, Mr. PICKLE, Mr. MCCLOSKEY, ROBINSON, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. SABO, Mr. COLE­ Committee on House Administration. Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. WALKER, Mr. LEDERER, MAN, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. Dow­ Mr. LONG of Maryland, Mr. COTTER, Mr. NEY, Mr. OTTINGER, Mr. RHODES, Mr. BALDUS, RODINO, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. EDWARDS of Mr. MAVROULES, Mr. LONG of Louisiana, Mr. MEMORIALS California, Mr. PRICE, Mr. GUDGER, Mr. EVANS STUDDS, Mr. PANETTA, Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. of Indiana, Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. ROBERTS, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memorials BOB WILSON, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. NEAL, Mr, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mr. SAWYER, DOUGHERTY, Mr. BEDELL, Mr. REGULA, Mr. were presented and referred as follows: Mr. WALGREN, Mr. PREYER, Mr. MINETA, Mr. LUNDINE, Mr. WOLFF, Mr. MAGUmE, Mr. COR­ 44. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Leg­ MATHIS, Mr. YATRON, and Mr. GEPHARDT. MAN, Mr. DORNAN, Mr. GRISHAM, Mr. GILMAN, islature of the State of Florida, requesting H.R. 556: Mr. HANCE. Mr. VENTO, Mr. DAVIS of Michigan, Mr. CoR­ that Congress call a convention for the sole H.R. 596: Mr. BARNARD, Mr. DAVIS of Mich­ RADA, Mrs. SNOWE, Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. purpose of considering an amendment to the igan, Mr. LEACH of Louisiana, Mr. MARLENEE, TAUKE, Mr. WOLPE, Mr. HARKIN, Mr. DON­ Constitution of the United States to prohibit Mr. RAILSBACK, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. WILLIAMS the incurrence of nat ional debt except in NELLY, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. MADIGAN, Mr. ED­ of Ohio, Mr. GAYDOS, and Mr. RAHALL. WARDS of Oklahoma, Ms. OAKAR, Mr. CHARLES emergencies; to the Committee on the Judi­ H.R. 601; Mr. ERLENBORN, Mr. EDWARDS Of ciary. WILSON of Texas, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. RODINO, Oklahoma, Mr. SHUMW:.Y, and Mr. LEACH of Mr. WATKINS, and Mr. WEAVER. 45. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the Louisiana. State of South Dakota, requesting that Con­ H.R. 739: Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. DERWINSKI, Mr. gress propose, or call a convention for the MCDONALD, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. JEFFRIES, and Mr. specific and exclusive purpose of proposing, EDWARDS of Oklahoma. PETITIONS, ETC. an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring in the absence of a H.R. 1460: Mr. EVANS of the Virgin Islands, Under clause 1 of the XXII, petitions national emergency that the total of all Mr. LEACH of Louisiana, Mr. EDGAR, and Mr. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk Federal appropriations made by Congress for GILMAN. and referred as follows: any fiscal year not exceed the total of all H .R. 1539: Mr. BARNARD, Mr. BENJAMIN, Mr. 64. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the estimated Federal revenues for that fiscal BOWEN, Mr. BRODHEAD, Mr. DOWNEY, Mr. ED­ year; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Oregon Republican State Central Committee, WARDS of California, Mr. EVANS of Indiana, Portland, relative to Federal financing of 46. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the Mr. GIAIMO, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. JACOBS, Mr. State of Idaho, relative to the domestic sugar congressional elections; to the Committee on JENRETTE, Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. LOTT, Mr. MAv­ House Administration. industry; jointly, to the Committees on Ag­ ROULES, Mr. MINETA, Mr. MITCHELL of Mary­ riculture, and Ways and Means. land, Mr. NOWAK, Mr. PATTERSON, Mr. PREYER , 65. Also, petition of the Board of Direc­ tors of the Sierra Club, San Francisco, Calif., Mr. RICHMOND, Mr. ROE, Mr. ROUSSELOT, Mr. relative to solar energy; jointly, to the Com­ THOMPSON, Mr. VOLKMER, and Mr. DERRICK. mittees on Banking, Finance and Urban Af­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 2119: Mr. MCCLORY, and Mr. KIND­ fairs, Science and Technology, and Ways and Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private NESS. Means. bills and resolutions were introduced and H.J. Res. 33: Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. AMBRO, Mr. severally referred as follows: BADHAM, Mrs. BOUQUARD, Mr. BRINKLEY, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mr. COELHO, Mr. By Mr. HANLEY: AMENDMENTS H.R. 2474. A bill for the relief of Gerald COLEMAN, Mr. D'AMOURS, Mr. DONNELLY, Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee, Mr. ERTEL, Mr. EVANS Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, pro­ Levine; to the Committee on the Judiciary. posed amendments were submitted as By Mr. HUTTO : of Indiana, Mr. GINGRICH, Mr. GINN, Mr. GUDGER, Mrs. HOLT, Mr. HUBBARD, Mr. HUCK­ follows: H.R. 2475. A bill for the relief of Isaac H.R. 1894 David Cosson; to the Committee on the ABY, Mr. KINDNESS, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. Judiciary. LEACH OF Louisiana, Mr. LEE, Mr. LOTT, Mr. By Mr. BAUMAN: By Mr. LAGOMARSINO: MCCLOSKEY, Mr. MATHIS, Mr. MONTGOMERY, On page 2, line 21, insert the following new H.R. 2476. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Mr. MURPHY of Pennsylvania, Mr. NATCHER, section: Frances Parker; to the Committee on the Mr. NICHOLS, Mr. NOLAN, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. "SEc. 5. Further amendments to the Second Judiciary. ROUSSELOT, Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. SIMON, Mr. Liberty Bond Act (31 U.S.C. 757b) for the H.R. 2477. A bill for the relief of Jesus SNYDER, Mr. WHITLEY, Mr. CHARLES WILSON purpose of increasing the public debt limit Reveles y Rivera; to the Committee on the of Texas, and Mr. WINN. shall not be considered in either the House Judiciary. H . Con. Res. 15: Mr. COELHO, Mr. RICH­ of Representatives or the Senate preceding By Mrs. SPELLMAN: MOND, Mr. TAYLOR, Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. PRITCH­ the enactment into law of an act requiring H .R. 2478. A bill for the relief of Dana ARD , Mr. BARNARD, Mr. MCCLOSKEY, Mr. EVANS the achievement of a balanced Federal D. Browdy; to the Committee on the Judi­ of Indiana, Mr. WINN, Mr. FISH, Mr. Mc­ budget and establishing a method for achiev­ ciary. CORMACK, Mr. CARNEY, Mr. PATTEN, Mr. NOLAN, ing such a balanced Federal budget."

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NEWLY APPOINTED CITY The International City Management women to rise in their chosen profession MANAGERS Association, the educational and profes­ of urban management. There has been sional organization of city managers, is an 80 percent increase of minority man­ holding a reception March 3 in Washing­ agers since that time. HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS ton to honor 30 recently appointed mi­ Elijah B. Rogers, the new city admin­ OF CALIFORNIA nority managers from arormd the coun­ istrator for Washington, D.C., is the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES try. chairman of the association's MEPP ad­ Through its 5-year-old minority ex­ visory board and has been an active Tuesday, February 27, 1979 ecutive placement program (MEPP) and participant in association work for many • Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, profes­ its director, Michael C. Rogers, the as­ years. He is being honored at the March sional management of our Nation's cities sociation has been instrumental in 3 reception along with minority man­ is more crucial today than in the past, matching qualified minority managers/ agers from 13 States. because of the myriad of urban problems administrators with openings in city It is encouraging to know that there we face. Due to the dedication of these governments around the United States. is a concerted effort on the part of for­ appointed administrators, city prob­ Since its inception in 1974, the program ward-looking public interest groups to lems are being tackled and solved. has aided more than 500 minorities and place qualified minorities in positions of

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 3428 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 responsibility in local government ad­ worked to develop the basic land protec­ But the Estonians still refuse to suc­ ministration. The International City tion proposals. The cooperation within cumb to Russian tyranny and oppres­ Management Association and its execu­ the Congress has been complete, and the sion. In the spirit of their first struggle tive director, Mark Keane, should be rollcall votes we took last year demon­ for independence, the Estonian youth proud of being the f orerunne, in this strated the overwhelming and completely continue to resist subjugation, through endeavor. bipartisan support for a strong Alaska their demonstrations and appeals to the I think it appropriate that we recog­ lands bill. Now, in response to calls from free world. With each Soviet attempt to nize the newly appointed managers here Members of Congress from both parties, quell the thirst for freedom, Estonian and wish them well in their task of help­ the President has taken decisive and his­ nationalism continues to grow even ing our cities run better, thus insuring a toric action to protect these lands so that stronger. brighter future for all citizens: Congress can complete its job without In an effort to support the virtuous HONOREES haste and not under the threat of im­ people of Estonia, the United States does pending development on these lands. not recognize the annexation of the Re­ Arizona: Arturo de la Cerda, Winslow; Rob­ Mr. Speaker, I enthusiastically support public of Estonia by the U.S.S.R. In ac­ ert L. Williams, Bisbee. California: D. Courtemarche, Seal Bea.ch; this legislation and intend to do 9.ll I can cordance with America's quest for the Clifford Graves, San Diego; Stanley H. Hall, to see it enacted in its strong, expansive inalienability of human rights through­ Seaside; Judy Kelsey, Eureka; Lloyd de Lla­ form.• out the world, I urge the Soviet Union to mas, Monterey Park. comply with the Helsinki accords, and to District of Columbia: Elijah B. Rogers grant the people of Estonia their basic Washington, D.C. ANNIVERSARY OF ESTONIAN individual liberties and human rights. Florida: Ronald Davis, Riviera Beach. INDEPENDENCE The brave people of Estonia deserve Georgia: Arthur Cumming, Atlanta. Illinois: Robert Andrews, Robbins; Eddie international recognition today for their L. Carter, Maywood; Harlan D. Mayberry, HON. WILLIAM J. HUGHES never ending struggle for liberty and freedom from Soviet control. I join them Park Forest South. OF NEW JERSEY Louisiana: Raynard Rochon, New Orleans. in their hope that some day, their quest Michigan: Robert Bobb, Kalamazoo; Pom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for independence will be ended, and the pia L. Durrill, Muskegon Heights; Melvin Tuesday, February 27, 1979 Republic of Estonia will once again take Farmer, Jr., Benton Harbor; Sylvester Mur­ • Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, the date, its place among the free nations of the ray, Ann Arbor. world.• New Jersey: Milton Buck, Newark. February 24, 1979, signifies hope and in­ New Mexico: James c. Jarammo, Albu­ spiration for the courageous people of querque; Sal Morales, Jr., Silver City; Bob Estonia, who today are subjugated under DR. EDWIN H. ALBANO Pineda, Santa Fe. the yoke of Soviet oppression. It was 61 North Carolina: Richard Knight, Carrboro; years ago that the Estonians first cast Raymond Shipman, Chapel Hill. aside their history of foreign domina­ HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH Ohio: Robert Fisher, Canton; Frank Wise, tion, and declared themselves to be an OF NEW JERSEY East Cleveland. independent, autonomous republic. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Texas: Richard Castro, Del Rio; Ralph The struggle for independence was a Garca, Edinburg; Martin Garcia, Pearsall; Tuesday, February 27, 1979 Roberto Gonzalez, Eagle Pass; Gavina Sotelo, long and hard battle. Immediately after Kingsville; Roel Valadez, Alice. independence was declared, the Republic • Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, at this time Virginia: Manuel Deese, Richmond; Al­ of Estonia was overrun by the German I would like to pay tribute to a man fred E. Smith, Surry.e Army, which occupied Estonian terri­ whose life has been spent in dedicated tory until the armistice was :finalized in service to his fellow men. I am referring November of 1918. to Dr. Edwin H. Albano, who retired ALASKA LANDS BILL The battle for liberty continued, as the this month as the State of New Jersey's provisional government was forced to chief medical examiner. HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON defend itself from the Bolshevik army, Although he is now officially retired, it OF ILLINOIS which attacked Estonian soil to impose is typical of Dr. Albano's commitment Communist tenets upon the newly lib­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the public that he will continue to erated people. The Estonans adopted the serve the people of New Jersey as an Tuesday, February 27, 1979 motto, "No compromise with the Com­ unpaid consultant. e Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. munists," and aided by financial support Dr. Albano was born in Harrison and Speaker, I am delighted to join so many and volunteer forces from England, Fin­ raised in Newark, N.J. He has been a Members of the House as an original co­ land, Sweden, and Denmark, rallied to lifelong resident of the Garden State. sponsor of H.R. 39, the Alaska Nation':1.1 overcome the Soviet threat. He graduated from Barringer High Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1979. The Estonian efforts were rewarded School in Newark and played the clarinet After the 95th Congress adjourned when, in 1920, the Soviet Union forever and violin to finance his medical educa­ without enacting a strong Alaska lands renounced all rights over the Estonian tion at New York University and Belle­ bill, it was imperative that the lands territory and its inhabitants. For the vue Medical College in New York. Dr. under consideration be protected by next 20 years, the Republic of Estonia Albano served his internship at Newark Presidential ':l.ction. I want to commend thrived, developing a rich national cul­ Memorial Hospital. President Carter and both Secretary ture, and economically prospering. He served for 20 years in the Essex Andrus and Secretary Bergland, for their But this freedom was shortlived. Vio­ County medical examiners office before historic actions during that period. By lating the Peace Treaty of 1920, the So­ becoming New Jersey's first State med­ proclaiming national monuments cover­ viets signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop ical examiner 10 years ago. He will con­ ing 56 million acres of the park, refuge Pact, which again condemned Estonia, tinue to hold his seat on the State and forest land the House had 9.pproved along with its Baltic neighbors, Latvia board of medical examiners, the regula­ for protection in H.R. 39 last May, the and Lithuania, to the Soviet sphere of tory agency that governs New Jersey President removed the threat of interim influence. In 1940, the Soviet Union forc­ doctors' practice. Dr. Albano is president development or of interminable legal ibly annexed Estonian territory, and subjugated its inhabitants. of the board. hassles over the status of these lands. The Mr. Speaker, it is not often enough additional areas withdrawn by the Secre­ The Estonian economy, which blos­ taries of the Interior and of Agriculture somed during the years of political free­ that we in Congress have the privilege under provisions of the 1976 Federal dom, now suffers from the Russian na­ of paying tribute to people like Dr. Edwin Land Policy and Management Act also tionalization of all private property. H. Albano. It is truly my pleasure to serve to protect the options for ultimate Russification threatens Estonian culture, make his accomplishments known to all congressional decision. heritage, and language. Fundamental of my colleagues. Dr. Albano has dedi­ The record will show that from the freedoms have virtually been abolished, cated his life to the service of his fell ow outset this has been a bipartisan issue. human rights violations are rampant, men. He has set an example, not only Presidents and Cabinet officers in admin­ and dissidence is punished by arrest, de­ for others of his profession, but also for istrations of both political parties have portation, and execution. all of us to follow. February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3429 At this time, I would like to include man in 1942. World war II was in its At a time when we must look very hard in the RECORD, an editorial about Dr. early stages, manpower was in short at every government program to elimi­ Albano that appeared in a recent edition supply, and the longshoremen were an nate waste, I think it is very important of the Newark Star Ledger: essential part of the war effort. At the that we remember those public institu­ PHYSICIAN-HUMANIST height of World War II the small port of tions that do serve the public interest. For Edwin H. Albano, the practice of Hueneme was teeming with ships and Quality health care is one of the most medicine has been an avocation as well as 1,600 longshoremen. Cargo from the port basic services government can provide a vocation, an unremitting commitment to was loaded into ships under the flags of to people, and places like the San Luis a profession he has served without a vaca­ various allied nations for the war effort. Obispo General Hospital make a high tion break throughout a long and distin­ In less than 2 years Mr. Garcia had level of health care for all a reachable guished career of public service. earned a seat on the executive commitee goal. A pathologist virtually from the time he Again, my congratulations to the hos­ graduated from medical school, Dr. Albano of the local union. became a respected authority in forensic In 1948, Mr. Garcia was severely pital and all its employees. Let us all medicine. It was a specialty virtually preor­ burned in a home fire accident, and while hope that the hospital with a heart con­ dained for a young physician strongly in­ he was recovering he studied past ILWU tinues to provide care to the residents of fluenced by a revered mentor, the late Dr. contracts and arbitrations, eventually the San Luis Obispo area for yet another Harrison S. Martland, regarded as one of the gaining wh8,t many of his coworkers saw century.• most accomplished pathologists of his time. as an encyclopedic knowledge of union It was a foregone fact that Dr. Albano agreements. would succeed his percursor as Essex JACOBO TIMERMAN County medical examiner. And it was only In 1956, Mr. Garcia was chosen the a matter of time before his dogged deter­ winner in a three man race for the union mination would result in enabling legisla­ secretary-bus:ness agent's position, and HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN tion to create a state office of medical exami­ he has held the office for 23 of the last OF MASSACHUSETTS ner. 24 years. He was only out of office for 1 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Naturally, it followed that Dr. Albano year in 1966. would be the most eminently qualified to His duties included everything from Tuesday, February 27, 1979 fill this important post, an agency instru­ mental in correcting the critical flaws of an dispatching men to their jobs and mak­ e Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I know antiquated coroner system. ing sure that working conditions were that my colleagues will be intensely But beyond Dr. Albano's professional proper. Mr. Garcia was often called to interested in the attached article con­ eminence, he has been a person of unfailing serve on committees to work out prob­ cerning Mr. Jacobo Timerman, a dis­ kindness and compassion. His availability lems between the union and the Pacific tinguished journalist in Argentina, who as a friend and physician is legendary in Maritime Association. has been mistreated by the authoritarian Essex County. He is known as a "doctor's Because of Mr. Garcia's leadership and doctor" ... a lawyer's doctor ... a judge's government of that nation. doctor ... a politician's doctor, all profes- courage he was chosen to represent the When I was in Argentina on behalf of sions related to his public service. In actual west coast small ports, which include Amnesty International, I spoke at length fact, he was a general practitioner to the San Diego, Hueneme, Long Beach, and with Mr. Timerman. Since that time, in man on the street. Sacramento, in the 1971-72 134 day November 1976, Mr. Timerman has been Dr. Albano reached the mandatory retire­ shipping strike negotiations. As further unjustly incarcerated and, more recently, ment age of 70 last year. but he was given evidence of Mr. Garcia's leadership quali­ detained without justification in Argen­ a year's extension by the attorney general. ties his union sent him to Europe in tina even though his family has gone to He officially retired this month, taking with its' overseas delegate program, estab­ him a personal sense of fulfillment shared Israel. by few others ... and the gratitude of those lished to encourage communication The attached article by Mr. Stu Cohen who have known him as a doctor and a among working people. is in the winter 1979 issue of Present friend.e Mr. Speaker, the Longshoremen and Tense, the magazine of world Jewish Warehousemen of Local 46, the Port of affairs: Hueneme, and the people of Ventura THE CASE OF JACOBO Tl:MERMAN TRIBUTE TO TONY GARCIA County owe a great debt to this man ;vho (By Stu Cohen) has furthered the causes of the working Jacobo Timerman has a great deal to be HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO man.• thankful for. He may be under house arrest, living without his wife and children in a OF CALIFORNIA Buenos Aires condominium, but at least he's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THE lOOTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE still alive. As with many other, less well Tuesday, February 27, 1979 SAN LUIS OBISPO GENERAL HOS­ known, opponents of Argentina's military PITAL government, the middle-aged, silver-haired • Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, publisher might have been "shot while at­ today I would like to pay tribute to Tony tempting to escape." And not only is Timer­ Garcia, of Ventura, Calif., secretary­ HON. LEON E. PANETTA man alive, but he has been exonerated of any business agent for the Ventura-Santa OF CALIFORNIA wrongdoing by a military tribunal, and the civilian Supreme Court has declared his con­ Barbara Local 4 of the International IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Longshoremen and Warehousemen's tinued detention illegal. (The court decided Tuesday, February 27, 1979 in July 1978 that his original arrest in April Union for the past 23 years. In recent 1977 was illegal.) years, he has also been the local's dis­ • Mr. PANETTA. Mr. Speaker, I would But Jacobo Timerman, one of Argentina's patcher and welfare officer and also like to take this opportunity to extend most famous publisher-editors, remains a served on the committee that helped set­ my congratulations to all of the people prisoner. tle the longest dock strike in west coast associated with a very important institu­ Last October at the Miami, Florida meeting history. tion in my district-the San Luis Obispo of the InterAmerican Press Association­ Mr. Garcia is a sixth generation Ven­ General Hospital. February 14, 1979 was which represents close to a thousand news­ the lOOth anniversary of the admittance paper publishers throughout the Western tura County native, a respected and ad­ Hemisphere-publisher Edward Seaton pre­ mired American who for the past 35 of the hospital's first patient, and in sented the report of a special I.A.P.A. mission years has been a member of the ILWU. those 100 years, the residents of the San which had gone to Argentina to investigate There are many reasons why Mr. Garcia Luis Obispo area have enjoyed superior the Timerman case. is well liked by those who come in con­ medical care. "A professional Argentine journalist for tact with him-his rich sense of humor, Of course, the anniversary coincided thirty years, a resident of Argentina for fifty his down-to-earth manner, his leader­ with Valentine's Day, and everyone likes of his fifty-five years, Timerman is ac­ ship qualities, to name a few. He is a rare to think of the hospital as the hospital knowledged by virtually all of his profession­ al counterparts as perhaps the most impor­ combination of a man who possesses the with a heart. All of the hospital's em­ tant figure in the development of modern qualities of leadership, friendship, and ployees-doctors, nurses, technicians, journalism in Argentina. His newspaper. La courage. aides-are responsible for this attitude, Opinion, introduced interpretive Journalism Mr. Garcia started working on the and it makes for a great source of com­ to the country and, at its height, was one of docks as a member of the ILWU as a hold fort and care for people in my district. the most important papers in Buenos Aires, 3430 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 with a circulation o! 160,000," the report "Among the intellectuals, among the more economic dislocation have torn the country stated. liberal a.nd moderate people," Jacobo Kovad­ apart, latent anti-Semitism has increased in "Today a colonel runs the paper, and its loff told me, "La Opinion became a necessity. thought and in action. And, according to circulation has dropped to less than 30,000. It was one of the first newspapers in which Timerman and others familiar with his case, Timerman's case ls special, not because he ls each of the articles was signed by the writer. this renewed anti-Semitism along with his a journalist, nor because it [the case] is Timerman was one of the first editors to al­ political beliefs are the main reasons for his unique. Many other journalists are being held low his reporters to do so." And, wrote Andrew imprisonment. without charge, especially outside of Buenos Graham-Yool, formerly a reporter for the La Opinion was founded during the gov­ Aires, because they are thought to have con­ English-language, century-old Buenos Aires ernment of General Alejandro Lanusse, nections to the terrorists, as Timerman was Herald and himself a political exile, "La whose programs included repression of sev­ thought to have had. Opinion was launched with a liberal, a left-of eral guerrilla movements and liberalization "What makes his case different is that he center line, catering to the intellectual com­ of national political life. The newspaper ini­ has actually been tried by a m111t ary court munity, with a wide coverage of the arts." tially opposed Lanusse an.d his policies. But !or subversive crimes and has been cleared­ Also, he pointed out, Timerman declared tha.t in 1972, when the military auithorities let it yet he stlll remains under arrest. His is one his paper would support the Zionist cauoe. IP. known that government advertising-the of the most highly visible cases [of repres­ It was this combination of characteristic:<­ · Q,rgtist block of advertising revenue avail­ sion of the press] in Argentina and around Timerman's rapid rise to prominence, tb·­ :"llblt,, to any publisher-would be granted the world." left-liberal orientation of La Opinion whe) only to publications favorably disposed to­ In late November, Peter Galliner, director it began publishing, his avowed Zionism and ward Lanusse, Timerman's pcilicy began of the London-based International Press In­ a certain mercurial cast to his politics-that clearly to conform to his economic interests. stitute-representing nearly 2,000 leading would result in his arrest and, despite the Mter the military government announced newspaper editors in sixty-two countries­ government's inab111ty to prove its charges, that general elections would be allowed to called Argentina's President, Jorge Videla, would keep Timerman a prisoner for so long. taku place in 1973 La Opinion switched its urging that Timerman be !reed. La Opinion accurately reflected the ferment su1,port to parties backing Percn. Dr. Hector And, echoing I.A.P.A.'s sentiments, a in Argentine political life-a. ferment that <,'a.mpora, Peron's personal representative in carter administration official told Present swirled about a man named Juan Peron. Argentina, won the election. A guerrilla war Tense that Tlmerman ls "important like all In 1943, the mllitary seized control of the :-.ooa began between the Montoneros (young, other people who are in prison down there. Argentine government. Juan Domingo Peron, right-wing Peronists who later moved left) But his is a much more widely" known case an army colonel, suspected by many of hav­ anct the E.R.P. (the People's Revolutionary and, therefore, when you mention Jacobo ing been the "brains" behind the coup, was Army, the leftist armed wing of Argentina's Timerman [to the Argentine government], appointed Minister of War. Within a year, he Revolutionary Workers Party); both also they know whom you are talking about." became Minister of Labor and gained th~ fought< the Peronist government. In June, Jacobo Timerman was born in Poland, the support of the powerful labor movement. when Peron triumphantly returned to Ar­ elder son of a poor Jewish couple. When he However, Peron was forced to resign and was gentina (and later returned to the presi­ was five years old his family emigrated to Jailed by right-wing military elements. Labor­ dency), fighting broke out as well between Argentina. backed mass rallies prompted his release sev­ left-wing and right-wing members of his Jacobo Kovadloff, the American Jewish eral weeks later. movement. Committee's longtime Argentina represent­ In 1946, Peron-a demagogic populist-was At this time, Timerman's allegiance ative ·(and a recent immigrant to the United elected president. During the next six years switched to Peron himself and to the right States after anti-Semitic and political he governed the country as the representative wing of the Peronist movement. The paper threats forced him and his family to flee of a coalition of forces drawn from the mlli­ prospered. In 1974, with cash borrowed from their Buenos Aires home) , now the AJC's ta.ry, the merchant class and essentially, the David Graiver, a young Argentine financier, .director of South American affairs, and an labor movement. Timerman built a large, modern printing old and close friend of Timerman's, recalls This coalition of forces had begun to frag­ plant. that "It was a very poor family and they had ment by 1952, when Peron won overwhelming After Peron's death in July 1974, his wife, a hard life, but Jacobo was very intelligent, reelection to a second term. The economic Vice President Isabel Martinez de Peron, very clever and he studied hard in school." situation grew worse, major foreign and assumed the presidency. Under her nominal As a young man, Timerman was a free­ multinational firms achieved control of the direction of the government (power actually lance journalist for several Argentine liter­ economy, a divorce law backed by Peron being exercised by Jose Lopez Rega, Minister ary magazines. In the 1950s, he took a staff alienated his supporters in the Catholic of Social Welfare), corruption increased position with La Razon, a major evening Church a.nd a. growing number of military greatly, as did inflation and the internal newspaper. Timerman became widely known leaders began to agitate against him. Though struggle which some observers characterized as a resourceful journalist in 1958 and after several attempted coups were successfully as a civil war. Lopez Rega established the Arturo Frondizi was elected president on a put down, Peron was overthrown in 1955, Argentine Anticommunist Alliance-the nationalist and anti-imperialist platform. exiled and replaced by a military government. "Triple A''-an anti-guerrilla death squad After the election, but before he was to Military leaders followed each other to the with members recruited from the armed assume office, Frondizi traveled to other country's highest offices with bewildering forces, the national police and French Latin American countries for discussions speed until 1958, when Frondizl was elected Algerian mercenaries. He even diverted gov­ with heads of state. Although Timerman had as the first civllian president in a long time. ernment funds to arm the A.A.A. Buenos not been invited to accompany the presi­ Timerman began to win recognition a.s a Aires began to be known among foreign cor­ dent-elect, he succeeded in obtaining a journalist and publisher during this period. respondents as the most dangerous city in ticket on the same commercial flight and, Like its neighbors, Chile and Uruguay, the world, next to Beirut and Belfast. from the perspective of a fellow pasenger, Argentina ls peopled by diverse streams of Timerman opposed Isabel Peron and her sent front-page dispatches to La Razon with immigrants who blended with its native mentor, Lopez Rega, for almost a year, but as the first reports of Frondizi's plans for his population. Spanish Argentines, Italian Ar­ rumors of an impending military coup swept administration. gentines, German Argentines, Polish and through Argentina, he became even more "After working for La Razon and becom­ French and Russian Argentines-each group critical of her regime. In February 1976, after ing well known as a journalist," his friend exists within the mainstream of the society. Timerman had called for a coup against Kovadloff said, "Timerman decided to create European immigration continued well into President Peron and Lopez Rega, La Opinion a weekly magazine in the style of Time and Peron's time. There ls a long tradition of was closed by the government for ten days. Newsweek." With the help of younger jour­ connections between Germany and Argen­ Then another mmtary coup took place and nalists, Timerman launched Primera Plana tina, and the Argentine army, like that of deposed the third Peron regime. in the early 1960s. But with the success of Chile, has been influenced substantially by Timerman supported the mmtary junta. that venture-and with a restlessness that Germany. During World War II, Argentina According to Graham-Yool, "He celebrated would mark both his career and his political was one of the few Latin American countries the defeat of the guerrillas-looking away views-Timerman sold Primera Plana and to ally itself with Nazism, breaking its ties from the horrors of torture, extortion, use of founded another news weekly, Confirmado. to the Third Reich only after the Germans hostages and mass abductions." However, Once again, having made the new magazine lost the War. several months later Timerman's euphoric a success, he sold it and moved on. This "Peron," Kovadloff said, "opened the door reaction to the junta cooled off. La Opinion time it was to help produce a new paper, to thousands of Nazi leaders, but he also ( as well as the Buenos Aires Herald) began El Diario, in the eastern Argentine city of opened the door to thousands of Jewish to report on the atrocities which occurred Mendoza. Unlike the earlier journals, El Di­ refugees." The result, o! course, has been each day. As a result, he incurred the wrath ario was a failure, but Timerman extricated that Argentine society has maintained an of the mmtary, particularly the hardline himself before its collapse. uneasy balance between religious tolerance generals. And then the "Graiver scandal" In May 1971, once again with the help of and occasional outbursts of anti-Semitism provided those hardliners with the excuse fellow journalists he had known since the directed at its 300,000 Jews, many of whom they needed to arrest and silence him. 1950s, Timerman began publishing La Opi­ can trace their Argentine nationality back David Graiver was a major figure in Argen­ nion. Based on the highly regarded Parisian several generations or more. tine financial circles, as well as in Europe and daily Le Monde, La Opinion was a breath of Generally, on the surface, Argentina's the United States. He used his successful fresh air in the world of Argentine Jews are accepted by the society's important banks in Buenos Aires to fund purchases of journalism. elements. But as internal political strife and banks in the United States and Belgium. February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3431 When some of Graiver's overseas operations still held even after a military tribunal The government refused all pleas to permit failed, his financial empire began to be cleared him of charges arising from the him to attend the wedding. "If he wasn't a closely scrutinized in his home country. The Graiver affair. In November 1977 the junta Jew, he'd be free now," says a former La junta maintained that he had been the finan­ inexplicably announced that Timerman had Opinion writer, a non-Jew. cial representative of the Montoneros and been relieved of his Argentine citizenship, And Timmerman? He is a prisoner, in great had banked and invested some $17 million including his civil rights and control over danger, watching daily from his apartment that the guerrillas had piled up through his assets. La Opnion and the printing plant window as the jets take off' from Buenos bank robberies and ransoms paid for indi­ were taken over by the military. Timerman Aires airport, flying to places he may never viduals they had kidnapped. (Argentina's remained in prison, charged with vague and see again.e guerrillas, especially the Montoneros, have unproven "economic subversion." long been regarded as the best-financed 1n Last April he was finally released from Latin America.) prison but not as a free man. He was taken THE CASE OF THE POOR BUTCHER Graiver allegedly died in a plane crash in to his Buenos Aires home in the fashionable northern Mexico on August 7, 1976. However, Barrio Norte and placed under house arrest. the crash is shrouded in mystery and there Late last year, his wife and three children HON. RON PAUL is little firm evidence of his death. But with left for Israel-but Timerman remained a OF TEXAS Graiver theoretically out of the picture, the prisoner in his home, isolated from everyone. military turned its wrath upon those other When American Jewish Committee president IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Argentine citizens who were tied to the elu­ Richard Maass cabled him before the Jewish Tuesday, February 27, 1979 sive financier. In the 1974 Graiver-to-Timer­ New Year, offering "our affection, solidarity man loan, they believed that they had found and hope that you will soon be free," Timer­ • Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, Rhode Island 13.ll the evidence needed to remove Timerman man replied, "Thank you very much for your once embarked on the disastrous course from the public scene. That Graiver and words of support. We are living practically in of seeking wealth by printing unbacked Timerman were both Jewish only served to total isolation and your message, the only paper money. What happened is outlined confirm the connection, as far as the mili­ one received, raised our spirits." in an article by renowned historian tary was concerned. Despite protest from Argentina's Jewish ( "In the eyes of the powerful extreme community, international groups such as Thomas Boylston Adams, that I would right, Timerman is a symbol of all they Amnesty International, the International like to bring to my colleagues' atten­ affect to hate," commented James Neilson, League for Human Rights, Israel's President tion, since it has so much relevance for assistant editor of the Buenos Aires Herald Ephraim Katzir and members of the Carter today. Mr. Adams is treasurer of the and correspondent of the London Observer Administration, it does not look as though American Academy of Arts and Sciences "He is a Jew, an intellectual, a left-of-center Jacobo Timerman will be released soon. and former president of the Massachu­ liberal.") President Carter and State Department setts Historical Society. At the beginning of April 1977 Edgardo human rights coordinator Patricia Derian The article fallows: Sajon, La Opinion's production director dis­ discussed the Timerman case with President appeared. On April 15 Timerman and Enrique Videla as long as a year and a half ago. They THE CASE OF THE POOR BUTCHER Jara, the paper's assistant editor, were received assurances that the three-man (By Thomas Boylston Adams) arrested by plain clothesmen identified as junta wanted to free the publisher. Since the (No 12 men would convict a fellow citizen members of the army's secret police. Al­ July 1978 Supreme Court decision which for refusing to do what not one of them though the army acknowledged it had found Timerman's original and continued would do himself, swap a piece of good meat arrested Timerman (and released Jara) little detention illegal, protests by United States for a piece of unsecured paper. The great information about him was released for sev­ officials have continued. "Just about every point was made, that an economic theory eral weeks. At first, he was charged with links major policy maker has made approaches to cannot be forced through at the expense of to left-wing terrorists; later he was charged the Argentines on behalf of Timerman since civil rights.) with unspecified "economic crimes." Report­ [August, 1977]," commented one administra­ When a single interest takes over power in edly he was held in an army detention center tion source, "and the most recent contacts a state, that state is in trouble. The solution in the city of La Plata, and tortured. His were made on November 29, 1978 in the is to multiply the interests and divide the interrogators' questions ranged from the United States." To each of these interven­ power. This was James Madison's theory of specifics of the Graiver affair to the current tions, the Argentines responded that the government, which he wrote into the Consti­ site of meetings of the Elders of Zion to question of freeing Timerman "was under tution, and it has worked. The contrary has whether Menachem Begin was the ideologist active study by the junta." left us some bad examples: the Sans Culottes of the Montoneros. Why, then, if the junta would like to free who took over the French Revolution and the After an initial period of detention and Jacobo Timerman is he still a prisoner? torture, Timerman was moved to a "more Dictatorship of the Proletariat in Russia. Informed ·oources in Washington believe Governments work best when no single doc­ comfortable" prison. (A La Opinion staffer that the navy, in the person of Admiral visited him there twice in January 1978. trine gets too firmly the upper hand, be its Emilio Massera, former chief of the Argen­ name Labor, Capital, Prohibition, Proposi­ When he saw Timerman he started to weep, tine navy and a member of the ruling junta, only to be consoled by the prisoner. The first tion or Cap. would like to see Timerman released, that Madison had good opportunity to observe time, he says Timerman complained of anti­ the air force is not involved and that the semitism in Cordoba and the reluctance of the effects of single interest power at work in Argentine Jewish groups to expose the evil. real pocket is in the army among a small but the Confederation that preceded the United On the second visit he saw a quieter Timer­ powerful clique of right-wing, anti-Semitic States. New England was an excellent labora­ man. He said Timerman told him, "When generals, including General Carlos Suarez tory. There was the domination of the mer­ the guard told me to follow him I did not Mason, commander of the First Army who cantile and hard money interest in Massa­ know if I was to be tortured, executed or initiated Timerman's arrest. ' chusetts that culminated in the minor civil merely to see a visitor.") "There are some people in the military," war of Shays Rebellion. And in Rhode Island Though his family raised questions about said one source, "who see Timerman as a the precise opposite took place with the for­ his arrest among his professional col­ dangerous supporter of the wing of Peronism mation of the Country Party, a union of leagues-as Graham-Yool points out--"No­ which led to the crisis that the government small landholders hellbent to print paper body spoke one good word for Timerman­ suffered in 1976, and which brought the mili­ money, extinguish debts and bury the mer­ not any of the hundreds he has helped. All tary to power. They believe that he was one chants and bankers. In the process they preferred to remember his political contor­ of the intellectual fathers of the extremist nearly buried the laborers, the artisans. the tions, and his wheeling and dealing." In wing of Peronism. There are three or four clerks and themselves, too. May, when Timerman had been under arrest generals who are strongly opposed to, vio­ For a short time after the Peace of Paris for several weeks, Robert Cox of the Buenos lently opposed to, freeing him-no matter in 1783 that ended the Revolution, the for­ Aires Herald ( who would himself be arrested what the Supreme Court says, no matter mer colonies seemed to be flooded with spe­ within a month) wrote: "I find it incredible what the Appellate Court says, no matter cie. But mysteriously, and suddenly, as money that I should be the only person prepared to what a military court of review says. If Tim­ will when threatened, it disappeared. erman goes free, they argue, he will tell the speak up and put in a good word for La The situation was peculiarly acute in Opinion editor Jacobo Timerman .... If no­ world about the arbitrary arrests and torture commonly practiced and about Argentine Rhode Island. The smallest colony, it lived by body among the many people he has helped trading with its neighbors, transshipping over the years, none of the many partners an ti-Semitism. he has had and nobody on his staff feels "What you'll find," this source stated, "is merchandise to and from the West Indies. moved to say something in his defense, then that until those people who are violently It had no back country to provide wanted I feel morally bound to do so." Cox' article opposed to his being freed are removed from natural resources like timber and furs. All broke the circle of silence. La Opinion re­ power, or their power is eclipsed while they power was concentrated in a two-level legis­ printed the piece and some Jewish com­ retain their positions, I don't think you're lature, with both levels elected twice a year. munity organizations, increasingly anxious, going to get any action." Government was nearly as direct as govern­ took up the case. On the first day of the new year, Timer­ ment can be; a glorified town meeting, the Despite an increasing number of protests man 's son married an Israeli in a kibbutz only hitch being that the meeting members over Timerman's continued arrest he was ceremony. His father was not at his side. were elected by a single class, the freeholders, CXXV-216-Part 3 3432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 those who owned substantial real estate. bundle of worthless notes with a judge, if plishments of community hospitals that Everyone else was excluded from the vote. the creditor refused to take it. Credit was Government action can never replace. The farmers formed a Country Party. In extinguished. Merchants shut up shop or fled It the legislature they outnumbered the repre­ the state, carrying· their goods with them. is my strong belief that the benefits sentatives of the seaports two or three to one. Trade stopped. Rhode Island was a separate to the health care system of private They believed that the stagnation of trade nation, neither part of the British Empire philanthropy must be preserved in any was due to lack of money and that the an­ nor of the new-formed Union, and starving hospital reform act, national health in­ swer was to print as much as might be neces­ to death. Finally the tender laws were re­ surance act, cost containment act, or sary. They hit on the figure of 100,000 Brit­ pealed. Two years later, Rhode Island joined future amendments to the Health Plan­ ish pounds. the United States. ning Act. Yet, certain steps taken in The merchants screamed fraud and re­ President Washington made a good will recent years by Federal and State gov­ fused to take the paper except at a heavy visit and was received with cannon and bells discount. Infuriated, the Country Party and oratory. Ever one to let bygones be by­ ernment threaten the very existence ot passed a law that anyone who did not take gones and walk straight into the future, he health care philanthropy. In our zest for paper at its face value should be fined 100 said, "It affords me peculiar pleasure to ob­ "reform," we have often paid too little pounds. On a second conviction the culprit serve that the completion of our Union, by attention to strengths, because the de­ would be ineligible to hold public office. This the accession of your state, gives a strong bate has focused almost completely on was aimed directly at the freemen in the assurance of permanent political happiness the curing of weaknesses. However, if in legislature who opposed the act. But the to the people of America." the course of attempting to cure these paper went right on depreciating and was So it was. The two violently opposed in­ soon worth barely one-third of face value. terests in the state were lost among the perceived deficiencies in the health care Now John Collins, the Country Party gov­ manifold political interests of the nation.e system, we destroy its strengths, we Will ernor, called the legislature into special ses­ have done the American people a serious sion to check the opposition of "a combina­ disservice. tion of influential men against the good and EXPLANATION OF THE VOLUNTARY It is the purpose of the Voluntary Hos­ wholesome laws of the state." Great events HOSPITAL PHILANTHROPIC SUP­ pital Philanthropic Support Act to re­ cast their shadows before! The state was good PORT ACT and wholesome a decade before the guillotine focus attention on preserving and en­ was invented to get rid of inconvenient mi­ hancing one of the great strengths in norities; a century before the Gulag Archi­ HON. TIM LEE CARTER the health care field-the willingness pelago. And the paper money went right on of Americans to give to their voluntary, depreciating. Now it was worth one sixth of OF KENTUCKY not-for-profit community hospitals. It face value. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is intended to correct certain short­ So another law was passed: Offenses were Tuesday, February 27, 1979 sighted actions of administrative agen­ to be tried by special courts of judges, no jury allowed, no appeal to any higher juris­ • Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, in recent cies which have made it increasingly diction. And the judges were appointed by sessions of Congress, a great deal of de­ difficult for hospitals to attract and use the legislature. The first and last case tried bate has ensued concerning the costs for discretionary charitable purposes the under this statute is famous. donations received from members of the A butcher called John Weeden refused to of hospital care. This debate has focused, community. It is further intended to take a pound note from a cabinetmaker for the most part, on the need for fur­ insure that Federal, State, and local gov­ named Trevett in payment for a few pounds ther regulation of hospitals. Unfortun­ ernments, in their desperation to con­ of meat. He was defended by James Varnum, ately, there has been little discussion on trol costs and find additional sources of a noted lawyer, who, according to tradition, how to enhance some of the existing took no fee. There was no defen1,e against the revenue, do not apply funds donated for strengths in the health care system. The charitable purposes to reduce Govern­ fact, which was established, or the act, which introduction of the voluntary hospital was in accordance with Rhode Island law ment's commitment to pay its share of and the Charter of 1663. But in a noble de· philanthropic support is one step which health care costs. I believe will reverse that trend. fense, pressed with great eloquence, Varnum One example of these shortsighted ac­ swayed five judges, against their will and Private philanthropy is one of those their own interest, to the opinion that the great strengths of our health care sys­ tions was adopted by the Cost of Living law was unconstitutional because it denied tem. Last year Americans voiuntarily Council during the economic stabiliza­ the natural right of man to trial by jury, gave $38.3 billion to charitable organi­ tion period of 1972-74. During that time, something secured by Magna Carta and zations, of which about $5.4 billion went hospitals were required to spend chari­ courageous effort ever since. to hospitals and health causes, includ­ table funds before they could obtain re­ The verdict for the defendant was greeted quired exceptions, thus weakening the by "a universal clap" in the crowded New­ ing research. In addition approximately 45 million Americans donated their time financial ability of hospitals across the port courtroom. The reward of the judges Nation to provide needed services. In was to be summoned before the legislature as volunteer workers in such institutions, to explain their decision. Two of them sud­ in a wide variety of capacities. Hospitals recent years certain HEW actions have denly became ill. The courageous remaining and the communities they serve received had the effect of requiring the use of three bravely faced their censors. A judge is large benefits from such donations of charitable funds for operating purposes. "accountable only to God and to his consci­ And, in addition, several State legisla­ ence," said Judge Howell. "When the General money and time, because donations al­ tures have considered legislation which Assemblies attempt to overleap the bounds low voluntary, not-for-profit community would have the effect of controlling of the Constitution the Court has the power -hospitals to purchase goods and services charitable funds. How long will it be and it -ts their duty to refuse to carry such that would have been unavailable to before donors realize under such a policy laws into effect." The legislature then pro­ members of the community had not that hospitals are not benefiting from ceeded to censor the judges for giving "no these donations been made. satisfactory reason" for their decision. But the receipt of such donated funds and Donations aid hospitals in replacing stop giving? Not long at all. they were not removed from office. Their worn out and obsolete facilities when, in decision held. In the administration's hospital cost That killed the law. No 12 men would con­ a period of high inflation, historical costs containment bill introduced last year vict a fellow citizen for refusing to do what accumulated through depreciation are evidence of a policy destructive to phi­ not one of them would do himself, swap a not adequate to protect against inflation. lanthropy was again evident. In that piece of good meat for a piece of unsecured Donations allow hospitals to engage in paper. The great point was made, that an bill, donated funds were to be included valuable medical research, which ulti­ in the ratio used in determining whether economic theory cannot be forced through mately can result in the saving of human at the expense of civil rights. It is to be a hospital would be eligible for an ex­ feared it did not help the butcher. He went life. ception. In other words, the inclusion on relief, and what happened to him after we Donations raise the general quality of of donated funds in that ratio would do not know. Probably he, like the judges, care available to the average community have made it more difficult to obtain an who the next year lost their jobs, was a and lower the costs to patients and Gov­ exception until charitable funds were martyr for honesty and the first principle of ernment. the common law. exhausted. Once again, a hospital was Thereafter the Country Party thrashed The willingness of persons in the com­ to be penalized, because it received do­ about like a landed shark eating its own tail. munity to donate their money and time nations. It was for that reason that I It made its depreciated paper ·1egal tender, to voluntary, not-for-profit community introduced an amendment to the hos­ thus repudiating the state debt. Private hospitals results from, and helps to per­ pital cost containment bill to exclude debts could be liquidated by depositing a petuate, a sense of pride in the accom- charitable revenues from the proposed February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3433 controls. This amendment was accepted policy traps the unwary donor so that legislation in this area to meet the same by the Commerce Committee. instead of having such donor's gift bene­ test as that required of State legislation. But even if that bill is dead for now, fit the hospital, as was intended, the In other words, no Federal law could my general concern for the seeming lack gift merely reduces Government pay­ have the effect of offsettiing charitable of attention to preserving philanthrop­ ments otherwise due the hospital. or similar revenues against allowable ic support for hospitals remains. While Government has made a commitment operating revenues. charitable funds may not be under ob­ under the Social Security Act and other I strongly believe that it is imperative vious siege, the failure to perceive the cost reimbursement acts to make pay­ that we protect philanthropic support of number of smaller steps which in the ments to hospitals for their operating our voluntary hospitals. I further believe aggregate threaten the very existence costs for provision of health care serv­ that passage of the Voluntary Hospital of donations to hospitals may be just ices for a designated group of benefici­ Philanthropic Support Act would send a as dangerous. aries. The fact that an unwary donor signal to hospitals and to the citizens of It is this concern that leads me today makes a donation to supplement operat­ this country that the Congress is con­ to introduce the Voluntary Hospital ing costs because he or she thinks that cerned about artificial obstacles which Philanthropic Support Act. This bill es·· such a donation will help the hospital decrease the benefits of private philan­ tablishes a firm policy that the ability should not reduce this commitment. New thropy. I would hope that my colleagues of hospitals to attract voluntary dona­ section 1134(b) would correct this cur­ would support me in this important en­ tions and all of the ancillary benefits rent treatment and require the Govern­ deavor. derived from such philanthropy must ment to make reimbursements to hospi­ The text of the bill which I am in­ be preserved. The bill also makes three tals without regard to the donor having troducing follows: separate substantive amendments which designated the gift for operating pur­ H.R.- will, in my view, correct existing de­ poses. A bill to amend the Social Security Act to ficiencies in the law and will aid in im­ In addition, new subsection (b) cor­ encourage philanthropic support for non­ plementing this policy. rects another provision of existing regu­ profit hospitals EXPLANATION OF AMENDMENTS lations. Under current HEW regulations, Be it enacted. by the Senate and House of The amendments to the Social Secu­ necessary interest expenses incurred by Representatives of the United States of a hospital may be off set by investment America in Congress assembled, That this rity Act contained in section 3 of the bill Act may be cited as the "Voluntary Hospital establish a clear policy that philan­ income from gifts and grants which are not held separate and are commingled Philanthropic Support Act". thropic support is to be preserved. Sub­ SEC. 2. (a.) Congress finds that while there section (a) of a new section 1134 of the with other funds. While this policy would continues to be a need to focus on the de­ Social Security Act added by this bill seem to be generally correct, there is no ficiencies in the health care system and on specifically establishes a general policy definition of the phrase "held separate corrective reform measures that might be that philanth:r;_opic support for health and not commingled" in the regulations, taken, there is a need to focus on the en­ care be encouraged and expanded. and in some cases this phrase could be hancement of its strengths. Congress finds interpreted as requiring the hospital to that existing philanthropic support for hos­ This amendment sends a clear signal pitals is a strength which should be pre­ to HEW and other administrative agen­ physically separate these funds to meet the regulatory requirement. Such physi­ served and enhanced beca.use- cies interpreting the Social Security Act (1) philanthropy imbues members of the that Congress is concerned about phil­ cal separation is impracticable and un­ community with a sense of pride in their anthropic support, that Congress wishes necessarily reduces the hospital's flexi­ voluntary non-profit hospitals and creates a to enhance it, and that HEW and any bility in the use of these funds. While setting in which members of the community other administrative agency interpreting HEW auditors have often interpreted are w1lling to devote time and effort to im­ the Social Security Act must promulgate this provision as requiring only a segre­ prove health care available in the community gation in the books and records of the in a way that government action cannot its regulations in such a way so as to replace; avoid short-sighted revenue-saving hospital, such treatment is far from uniform. (2) philanthropy allows voluntary non­ measures which threaten philanthropic profit institutions to conduct research and support. After the enactment of this In any case, there is no reason for off­ to engage in other innovative efforts to im­ amendment, each and every general reg­ setting necessary interest expense with prove health care in the United States; ulation issued by HEW would have to be income from gifts or grants, since hos­ (3) philanthropy allows hospitals to re­ promulgated with this new amendment pitals are required by various Federal place worn out and obsolete facllitles when, and State laws to maintain books and in a. period of high inflation, historical costs in mind. accumulated through depreciation are not Subsection (b) of new section 1134 pre­ records which adequately identify the source of these funds. Accordingly, new sufficient to provide for such replacement; serves and enacts into law current HEW and policy with respect to designated gifts, subsection (b) would eliminate the re­ (4) philanthropy pays for necessary ex­ grants and endowments, and, also cor­ quirement for any such offset. penditures that otherwise would have to be rect certain current deficiencies in HEW Subsection (c) would preclude any paid by patients or by government. regulations which threaten charitable State from imposing restrictions on phil­ (b) The purpose of this Act is to clarify the f1:1nds. Under current HEW regulations, anthropic support. Essentially, the sub­ intent of Congress in order to encourage section would prohibit legislation or reg­ philanthropy and voluntarism in the health gifts, grants, and endowments are gen­ care field. erally free of control. However, notwith­ ulations which would have the effect of offsetting charitable or similar revenues SEc. 3. Part A of title XI of the Social standing this general policy under such Security Act is amended by adding after regulations, when a gift made by a against allowable operating revenues. section 1131 the following new section: In this period of cost containment, donor is designated for operating pur­ "ENCOURAGEMENT OF NON-PROFIT HOSPITAL poses or is not designated at all, cost­ and in desperation to hold down costs, PHILANTHROPY based payers (including medicare and various State legislatures have proposed "SEC. 1132. (a) It ls the policy of the United medicaid) , require the gift to be off set legislation which would include chari­ States that philanthropic support for health against a hospital's operating expenses. table revenues as revenues subject to care be encouraged and expanded, especially Accordingly, with respect to the por­ State control. This sort of legislation, if in support of experimental and innovative ef­ tion of a hospital's services that is sup­ adopted generally, would eventually put forts to improve the health care delivery an end to philanthropic support for hos­ system. Policies of States that discourage ported by Government payments, such philanthropic contributions to hospitals tend a gift, designated or not, does not in­ pitals. Accordingly, it would serve no to interfere with the development and opera­ crease revenues available to the hospi­ purpose other than to injure hospitals. tion of hospitals which purchase goods in tal, since such a donation would result The Voluntary Hospital Philanthropic interstate commerce and provide services in in a dollar-for-dollar reduction of pay­ Support Act would insure that such poli­ interstate commerce. ments otherwise due the hospital by Gov­ cies were not adopted. "(b) For purposes of determining under ernment reimbursement programs. Subsection (d) of the bill would insure titles v. xvm. a.nd XIX the reasonable costs For this reason, hospitals discourage that private philanthropy for hospitals or services furnished by nonprofit hospitals, gifts, grants, and endowments, and income donors from making gifts for operating would be supported and protected in any therefrom, shall not be deducted from any purposes. Nevertheless, some donors future action taken by the Federal Gov­ operating costs of such hospitals or other­ make such gifts, because they are un­ ernment to contain hospital costs. The wise taken into account in determining such aware of this policy. In such cases, HEW bill would do so by requiring Federal reasonable cost.s. 3434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 "(c) No State shall establish a law or the dignity and spirit displayed by the Mr. SNYDER. When you were in Korea and regulation respecting the limitations upon Estonian people in their crusade to rees­ you brought up the subject of our weakening the revenues of hospitals which treat, di­ tablish an independent, self-governing our strength over there-should we pull rectly or indirectly, as revenues of the hos­ nation. I sincerely admire the persever­ troops out of Korea-you evidently hit a very pital any amount which is attributable to- sensitive nerve someplace, a pOilitical nerve, " (I) a donor designated or restricted ance of Estonians everywhere and hope an economic nerve, or a military nerve. What grant, gift, or income from an endowment, that freedom and justice will someday be was that nerve? as defined in section 405.423 (b) (2) of title 42 restored to their ancient land.e General SINGLAUB. I have New York City. And it was outside fore Christmas, in 1974, when he walked into good tomorrow for our citizens. this Jewish delicatessen in a ouerto rican the oval office to be sworn in as Vice Presi­ We will miss Nelson Rockefeller; we neighborhood where I first discovered the dent of the United States. And America, Great Squire of Pocant ico Hills. As the old which had just been through Watergate, felt will miss his brand of public service. He good again about itself, having this extraor­ had a remarkable vision as well as un­ men from the neighborhood looked on-t his patrician, this aristocrat from Westchester dinary man at center stage for a while. shakable confidence. He deeply believed ployed into the crowd of hispanic faces yell­ And I remember Gerald Ford, the presi­ in the capacity of our Nation to reach ing at him "Senor Rocky!" dent, telling me over drinks in the White lofty goals because of the productivity For ten years we followed Nelson Rocke­ House: "Don't worry, Bill . . . I agree with of our people. As I pay tribute to him feller as he dominated New York State poli­ you . . . Nelson and I are a good team . . . today, I do so knowing that because of tics-settling garbage strikes, battling with he'll be on my ticket .. . and we're going to his commitments, our future is brighter. John Lindsay, building colleges and a great win." That, of course, was before Bo Calloway state university, pushing bond issues, build­ and the mean, narrow southerners and the Mrs. Lundine and I extend our deep­ Rockefeller-haters started after him. Most est sympathy to the Rockefeller family.• ing roads and expressways. He was always the best story of the day men would sell their soul for the vice pres­ . . . even just sitting on the dias of the West ­ idency or to sit in the oval office. He took himself out of it--with style and with grace. A TRIBUTE TO NELSON A. chester Republican dinner at the old Com­ modore Hotel with the late Fred Powers and And yet on this morning after he died, it is ROCKEFELLER telling his neighbors: "Good to see you . . . his sense of humor that keeps coming back to nice to see you . .. Wow ... you look faaabu­ me. I heard him say-on a plane or in a HON. MARIO BIAGGI lous !" chopper-one day: "My lawyer just sued He loved to tell them about the time old me!" I didn't understand-until Bobby OF NEW YORK Boss Ward, the Republican leader, put him on Douglass, his aide, explained that Louis Lef­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES kowitz, the attorney general, had just the Westchester Board of Health. And on brought a suit against Mobil Oil. Thursday, February 8, 1979 Thursday past as Henry Kissinger spoke at And he was in great, good form at his this year's county dinner, I was reminded of last public appearance here in the county at • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the recent the time Fred Powers gave him a huge replica SUNY Purchase where he showed slides of death of Nelson A. Rockefeller saddened of the sword of Excalibur which the Wilkin­ his art collection to a very tony group­ many in this Nation. Yet for the people son sword people had made up. And Nelson members of the Westchester Arts Council. of New York State, the grief was com­ Rockefeller was like a kid and just loved it ! He quipped and joked and raised his eye­ pounded for it was in the Empire State There were so many nights and speeches brows and moved his blocky shoulders and and so many trips and so many arrivals at his eyes twinkled and it was vintage Rocke­ where Nelson Rockefeller gave his best the county airport. He would come down out years of public service. feller. And as he greeted this staid, artsy of his Gulfstream, exhausted, in the middle crowd, an exceptionally well-endowed lady William O'Shaughnessy, president of of the night. He might finesse an i. nterview came through the receiving line-rather fall­ Radio Station WVOX in Westchester with the networks. But he never waved off a ing out of a somewhat revealing dress. Nel­ County, New York, delivered a moving WVOX microphone. When he left Albany he son's eyes lit up. And when he noticed that eulogy on Nelson Rockefeller on the air gave us the last question at his final press Joe Canzeri and I had also tuned in on the this past January 27. This eulogy cap­ conference as governor. And when we used display, the Governor threw a sly, mischie­ the occasion to inquire which of his predeces­ vous wink to us ( and to Happy standing next tured Nelson Rockefeller the man the sors. staring down at us in the Red Room "neighbor" as so many in New York to him) and said to the lady: "Wow ... how had "inspired" him, NAR said a lot of great are you . .. yes, sir . . . good to see you!" would like to remember him. It was per­ men had been governor of New York, but haps the most personal of the many trib­ Teddy Roosevelt had inspired him as a young He was a man of great enthusiasm. He utes I heard about Nelson Rockefeller. boy. could find humor in almost any situation. As Governor of New York, as Vice Presi­ And there was the time Air Force Two But he had to have been hurt by that num­ brought a tired vice president home from a ber done on him and his art reproductions dent of the United States, Nelson Rocke­ by the reporter in the Times last month. And feller strove and succeeded in accom­ long trip around the world. And as the na­ tional press and TV camera crews clamored in the New York Times, James Reston will plishments. His contributions to our Na­ for interviews, the Governor, as we still write a sweet, affectionate column about tion were numerous and significant. He called him, made straight for our local sta­ him-while Anthony Lewis, who shares the will be missed, but his legacy will endure tion. same page, will find some way to tell us he for years to come. And then there was the time we accompa-, never forgave Nelson for Attica. And many I now insert into the RECORD for the nied him on a swing through the Deep Sout h. Catholics will never understand his stand David Broder and I were watching the Vice on abortion. (And, indeed, they wouldn't benefit of my colleagues William even pray for him among the formal peti­ O'Shaughnessy's tribute called simply President and finishing a drink as Air Force Two, a DC-9, landed with a hell of an abrupt tions Sunday at Holy Family Church in "Nelson." jolt-landing "hot" as the pilots call it-­ New Rochelle. But in the same city, the NELSON at Columbia, South Carolin'.:!.. rt reminded Christian Brothers of Ireland at Iona Gram­ Saturday is a day for blue jeans and chores David Broder and me of our own mortality mar School remembered the soul of Nelson around the house, for errands and shopping for a brief, nervous, fleeting moment. But Rockefeller at a mass for fathers and sons.) at the A & P. Rockefeller never even winced. He bounded There was a big, broad range to his life. It is not the kind of day to get on the down out of the plane to meet Strom Thur­ He was a high roller who was equally at ease radio to announce that Nelson Rockefeller mond and those southern belles in hoop with the Emperor of Japan and the Shah as died last ~ight. He deserves better than our skirts. he was with Meade Esposito of Brooklyn or Saturday edition. On this same trip, down on Mobile Bay, he any Yonkers politician. But last night Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller even charmed old George Wallace and his As a wealthy man, as a Rockefeller, he a former member of the Westchester Count; lady Cornelia. Eastern, patrician, aristocratic, had a lot of material things-Kykuit, the 3438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 house at Pocantico, an apartment on Fifth sponding Secretary Audrey Mason and Seventh. No law enforcement officer Avenue, his newest project in the desert near Recording Secretary Lora Johnson. shall be required to disclose information Brownsville, Texas. He would sit at "21" and Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues on personal finances as a basis for pro­ jet off to Dorado for vacations or with Happy to join me in saluting the Buena Park motion. to visit an Italian princess named Letitia Eighth. Adequate representation of in Rome. "Meals on Wheels" program for its ded­ But he also had great enthusiasm for some icated work on behalf of the elderly.• law enforcement personnel must be pro­ of the ordinary pleasures. I discovered this vided whenever a police e,orr• ..,laint re­ the night we flew to Cleveland to campaign view board is established. for Governor Jim Rhodes. A busy tour had REINTRODUCTION OF LAW EN­ The Congress in the past several been arranged-TV interviews, a visit to the FORCEMENT OFFICERS BILL OF years has taken an active and admirable publishers of the Plain Dealer and a political RIGHTS interest in advancing the civil rights of dinner. many groups. Legislation nearly passed Jus~ befor~ the dinner we stopped at a slightly run-down Sheraton Hotel which was HON. MARIO BIAGGI Congress in 1978 spelling out new rights probably the best Cleveland had to offer. OF NEW YORK for institutionalized persons, including There were anti-abortion pickets outside. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES prison inmates. Markups of a revised But thP. Governor's hosts had laid on the version of this bill is ongoing in the "presidential suite" for a brief rest stop be­ Tuesday, 'February 27, 1979 House Judiciary Committee. Does it seem fore dinner. Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, today, proper that we should work to insure the As we cased the room he spotted a portable e along with my colleague from Pennsyl­ civil rights of prison inmates before bar stocked with Dubonnet and milk which those of law enforcement officers? Are suited him just fine. I could have used a vania, Mr. MIKE MYERS, I am reintro­ Canadian Club. And there also sat a gleam­ ducing my law enforcement officers bill we going to perpetuate the practice of ing silver tray with oreo cookies all grandly of rights. This is the fifth consecutive selective morality? wrapped in cellophane and with a ribbon. Congress in which I have introduced this In 1973 hearings were conducted on "Wow" ... said the governor of New York measure and I am confident tr.at after a the law enforcement officers bill of ... "look at that!" And so there we sat in decade, this legislation will finally gain rights. I revised the legislation when I shirt sleeves eating oreo cookies, Dubonnet congressional approval. received objections so as to make it more and milk in the presidential suite while the acceptable. Yet there has been no move­ pickets chanted below. I came to Congress after a 23-year He has his name on great, tall buildings career as a New York City police officer. ment on this legislation since that time, now-in Albany and in New York. And he During those years, I was fortunate to except for those actions which I induced. has left around this state a lot of soaring have received many honors and awards Specifically I offered this bill as an architecture which will remind us and future for my work. From my first day on the amendment to the 1976 Law Enforce­ generations of Nelson Rockefeller. But I will beat to the present I have maintained ment Assistance Act extension. I pledge think of him everytime I see a kid eating an an active interest in the law enforce­ that if no action is forthcoming in this oreo cookie. Congress in short order, I am prepared . In countless editorials over the years, I've ment profession and the individual pro­ tried to tell you on this radio station what fessionals who comprise it. One of the to reoffer this as an amendment to the he has done for our state and for our na­ very first bills I sponsored when I came LEAA reorganization bill. It would be tion-his accomplishments. They are many to Congress was the law enforcement of­ done in a manner prohibiting States or and known to you. ficers bill of rights. ':'he version I am localities from receiving LEAA funds But this morning I think I merely want introducing today is only slightly revised unless they had adopted a bill of rights to say I'm glad he was our neighbor-and in language but the original intent is in­ for law enforcement officers. a friend. tact. The law enforcement community has He lit up our lives. Nelson ... you were waited patiently for Congress act on faaabulous. The intent is clear-the bill seeks to to This is a WVOX Editorial of the Air. extend to police officers the same guar­ this legislation. Their patience after 10 This is William O'Shaughnessy.e antees of civil rights and due process as years is waning. The enactment of the all other Americans enjoy. When police 1976 Public Safety Officers Death Ben­ officers become subjects of intradepart­ efits Act was important but law enforce­ MEALS ON WHEELS mental investigations, they can find their ment personnel want protection while rights to be nonexistant. I have documen­ they are on the job. They want to be HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON tation of police officers er:during cease­ insured at the very least that they will less hours of interrogation-being sus­ have the same civil and due process OF CALIFORNIA rights as those persons they protect. I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pended without charge, and being de­ nied counsel rights. My bill establishes a prophesize to my colleagues that unless Tuesday, February 27, 1979 uniform law enforcement officers bill of substantive action is taken on this legis­ rights consisting of the following: lation there will be an outcry in the law e Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, one enforcement community. of the most serious problems facing1 ~rst. Law enforcement personnel Obviously I have a deep personal in­ American society today is the treatment' would have the right to participate in of the elderly. Many older Americans political activities while off duty and out terest in this legislation because of my are unable to leave their homes to ob­ of uniform. career as a police officer. Yet I fight this tain even the bare necessities of life. One Second. Law enforcement officers un­ cause as I have so many others-be­ group that attempts to provide for the der investigation must be notified from cause I abhor discrimination of any elderly that are unable to leave their the outset the nature of the complaint, kind. In terms of civil rights-police homes is called "Meals on Wheels." In all complainants as well as those who officers are discriminated against-they the city of Buena Park, the "Meals on will be present during the ir:terrogation, are second-class citizens-they are Wheels" program provides meals pre­ and their legal rights including right to impeded in the free exercise of their pared by hospitals to people who are counsel. work. physically unable to shop for groceries Third. All interrogations must be con­ The idea of a law enforcement offi­ or prepare their own meals. The meals, ducted in a reasonable manner and cers bill of rights is gaining momentum which are very nutritional and provided while being conducted no threats of in this Nation. The States of California, at low cost, are delivered to the homes disciplinary action shall be made. Maryland, and Virginia as well as sev­ of seniors by volunteers. Fourth. The complete interrogation eral major cities have adopted versions The Buena Park City Council has pro­ proceeding must be recorded. of bills of rights. Is it not now time claimed February as "Meals on Wheels Fifth. A law enforcement officer must for the Congress to foJlow suit and enact Month" in the city. The Buena Park be notified and given reasons for any a uniform bill of rights? This Nation's "Meals on Wheels" program will cele­ punitive action taken against him prior first line of defense against crime, rests brate its fourth anniversary this Friday to the effective date of such action. with law enforcement personnel. It is by installing its new officers. Buena Park Sixth. Law enforcement officers have time they were recognized and appre­ Mayor Stan Meyer will install President the right to bring civil suits against all ciated. Enactment of my bill will be a Rachel Stone, Vice President Shirley those who violate their rights under the giant step in the right direction. I hope Powell, Treasurer Sarah Wilson, Corre- bill of rights. I will be joined by many of my col- February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3439 leagues as cosponsors of this important used and that the Chinese Communists President announced his new China legislation. It enjoys the support of rank did not offer any contradiction. What did policy, he remarked that he was only and file law enforcement personnel and that mean? Silence, on their part, told "recognizing reality"-the reality of the once official endorsements are received us nothing. But the President went on to Communist conquest of 900 million hu­ I will place them in the RECORD for all assure the world that Red China had no man beings. Well, I agree that we ought to see.• intention of attacking Taiwan. In fact, to "recognize" this reality-all of it, in the President already cut the ground all of its ugly and heart rendering from under himself when he agreed to dimensions. ON RECOGNIZING NEW REALITIES: Communist China's interpretation in the Yes, Mr. Speaker, let us extend full, THE ADDRESS BY VICE MINISTER first place. By recognizing the Commu­ complete and unreserved diplomatic rela­ OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, H.K. YANG nist regime as the sole legitimate govern­ tions to reality. According to the Guin­ OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ment of China, we have logically as­ ness Book of World Records, the regime sumed that Taiwan is an internal affair. on mainland China is responsible for The Chinese, quite properly, replied that more political murders than any other HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN we had no right to determine how they government in human history. Yes, more OF CALIFORNIA were to settle their internal affairs. than Hitler, Pol Pot, or even Stalin. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On January 5, 1979, Vice Premier Teng Walker report published by the United Tuesday, February 27, 1979 Hsiao-p'ng publicly acknowledged that States Judiciary Committee in 1971, esti­ the Chinese were not going to restrict mated that the human cost of commu­ •Mr.DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, on Decem­ themselves to the wishes, hopes, or plead­ nism in China since 1949 ranges any­ ber 15, 1978, President Jimmy Carter ings of a confused and desperately hope­ where from a conservative estimate of dramatically announced that he was go­ ful American administration. He de­ 32,000,000 to a high 61,000,000 human ing to sever diplomatic relations with an clared that the Chinese Communists souls. It is worth noting that the Com­ old and faithful ally, the Republic of could not rule out the use of force in re­ munist Chinese themselves have openly China. He declared, furthermore, that he uniting Taiwan with the mainland. He claimed, on several occasions, that they was going to establish diplomatic rela­ reiterated, once more, the point that the have been engaged in mass executions of lations with the Communist regime and question of Taiwan is solely an internal so-called class enemies. terminate the Mutual Defense Treaty matter. As with virtually every major totali­ with the Republic of China on January Under what interpretation of national tarian political experiment since Lenin 1, 1979. Some Christmas present for the or international law, the custom and us­ seized power in 1917, the force labor con­ people of Taiwan. age of states and nations, could the centration camp has become a standard Now, the Communist regime is engaged Carter administration possibly believe apparatus of repression. While there are in a bitter and dangerous war with their that the Chinese Communists have no no official government estimates of dis­ ancient enemies, the Vietnamese. legal or moral right to use force in the sidents or prisoners forced into what the Against the battle-hardened young vet­ resolution of internal disorder or dis­ Communists call Lao Dong Gai Zao­ erans of the Vietnamese Army they are turbances? The President had already reformed through forced manual labor­ now making considerable headway in given the proverbial game away. a 1964 estimate published by the Guin­ their punitive expedition in retaliation The fundamental difference in percep­ ness Book of World Records was 16,000,- for the Vietnamese defeat of Communist tion between the administration analysts 000. Where was Teng Hsiao-ping during China's ally, the bloody regime of Pol in the United States and the leaders of this period of Communist rule. He was Pot in the devastated country of Cam­ the Communist regime on the mainland in the center of the violence, literally bodia. The current demonstration of is that the latter exhibit a fine-tuned wading in the blood of innocent victims. Chinese conventional power is not, in and understanding of the uses of interna­ As I said, there is no reason why we · of itself, awesome. But consider the pos­ tional power. Using the United States as ought not to extend diplomatic relations sibilities if the Communists on the main­ a platform to warn of the real dangers of to every facet of reality-even those we land were armed with the most sophis­ Soviet Russian imperialism, it was not boast and toast. ticated weapons. Consider the impact of surprising that Vice Premier Teng would On December 31, 1978, the day before their possession of high level technology talk openly of punishing the Vietnamese. the United States decided to derecognize on the stability of the international bal­ He understands the psychological im­ its veteran friend in war and prosperous ance of power. In their legitimate fears petus of his new found relationships trading partner in peace, former Vice of the Russian Bear, American foreign with the United States. He must like­ Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Re­ policy analysts and political scientists wise grasp the incredibly naive approach public of China, H. K. Yang, delivered a who favor the expansion of trade rela­ of administration foreign policy lead­ farewell address. rt was a moving speech. tions between the Chinese Communists ers-who received no concessions what­ It revealed the bravery and determina­ and the West are doing nothing less than soever, even in negotiating the blatant tion of the fine people he represents, the creating the proverbial Frankenstein betrayal of an old, trusted, and faithful very last bastion of the venerable culture monster, an enormous Leviathan which ally. Such behavior must, I think, excite of Confucius in the world today. could, realizing its own incomparable his contempt. As I said, I think we ought to examine demographic strength, break loose from The Speaker, the President has said the whole of reality in all of its heart­ the conventional bonds of international rendering dimensions. Mr. Yang's speech, order and go on a rampage through Asia. that he will veto legislation that would provide long-term assistance to Taiwan. therefore, cannot be overlooked-even This is not fancy. It is a very real pos­ from the very high altitudes of the State sibility. In the euphoria of ''normaliza­ Then, later, it was reported that he would Department. tion," the giddy camaraderie excited by agree to use force in the protection of the I ask my colleagues to read it with full Comrade Teng's journey to the shores of Taiwanese. What does that tell us? It awareness of the tragic history our cur­ our republic, I think that we have lost tells us what we have suspected all along. rent administration is writing: sight of the awful potential of the new This administration has no foreign TWIN OAKS ADDRESS BY VICE-MINISTER OF Middle Kingdom. policy. This administration makes ad FOREIGN AFFAms H. K. YANG OF THE RE­ I am dismayed by the fact that this hoc decisions and proposals in response PUBLIC OF CHINA administration continually indulges in to events; but there is little, if any, at­ (Delivered at the flag-lowering ceremony wishful thinking and optimistic theoriz­ tempt to control events. There is no held at Twin Oaks, Washington, D.C. on ing. A classic example of this was the vision, no plan, no overall intellectual December 31, 1978) manner in which we broke diplomatic framework. It is with a heavy heart th3t I am here to relations with Taiwan. When asked Mr. Speaker, does anyone in the White officiate the ceremony of the lowering of our House remember human rights? I mean, national flag-the flag of the Republic of whether the Chinese Communists had China. given assurances that they would not use does anyone, straining their crania, re­ I am grateful to all of you-friends and force against Taiwan, Secretary of State call the vaunted importance of the prin­ fellow citizens-who are gathered here at Cyrus Vance replied that he expressed ciples of human rights and the dignity Twin Oaks to take one more look at our na­ the hope that such force would not be of men in our foreign policy. When the tional flag before it is taken down. Your pres- 3440 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 ence gives us strength and confidence. Your just cause to which all of us who are gathered Mossadegh, whose wife was related to the presence speaks eloquently of the fact that here have long dedicated ourselves. Kajar Dynasty deposed by the Shah's father. in our fight for a Just cause we are not Dear friends and fellow citizens, we may When Mossadegh failed, American news­ alone. be facing a long dark night. But as long as papers shouted that C.I.A.'s Kermit ·Roost:­ Chtn.'l. and the United States exchanged we can persevere and keep our chins up­ velt had saved the Shah, a boast which ministers exactly a hundred years ago. Ever and I am sure we can-we shall be able to made Mohammed Reza appear to be Amer­ since 1912 when the Republic of China was come here a.gain soon, with renewed convic­ ica's protege and gave the Communists an brought into being, the first republic in tion and dedication, to welcome a new dawn opportunity to accuse "American imperial­ Asia, our two countries have m3.inta.ined and a new era in the relations between the ists" of meddling. The truth is that a tradi­ close and cordial diploma.tic relations. Republic of China and the United States of tionally anti-monarchist America would not Throughout the long years, in war or in America. have lifted a. hand had Mossadegh not na­ peace, I am not a.ware of a single occasion Before concluding, I should like to assure tionalized Iran's oil and the British insti­ when the Republic of China did anything all of you that with conviction and confi­ tuted a blockade. perfidious or wrong to the United States. dence, WE SHALL RETURN I And we shall Britain, traditionally the protector of the Our people, known for their trustworthi­ return with this same flag-the national flag Persian Gulf and the Emirates which were ness, honesty and loyalty, have always en­ of the Republic of China. later discovered to be rich in oil, had long deavored to live up to the moral and ethical Tha.nkyou.e imposed a Pax Britannica from her military standards they set for themselves in their base in Aden, at the entrance to the Red dealings with the people of the United States. Sea. But by 1962 revolt was a.foot as Jay It is therefore only natural that we ·reel dis­ THE BETRAYAL OF IRAN Lovestone, former secretary-general of the tressed when we realize that our national flag Communist Party, U.S.A., called on Africans, is not to be raised here at Twin Oaks after Arabs, and Communists alike to support the end of this year, because Persident Car­ HON. LARRY McDONALD independence movements against Britain. ter has decided that on January 1st, 1979, Labor unions led by American-trained lead­ the United States wlll terminate diplomatic OF GEORGIA ers ground wheels to a. stop in Aden with relations with us the Republic of China-a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strikes for which the monster International loyal friend and ally of the United States, Tuesday, February 27, 1979 Confederation of Free Trade Unions in Brus­ and establish relations with our enemy the sels, mobl11zed international support. The Chinese Communist regime. • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, unfor­ I.C.F.T.U.'s objective was a. labor empire Beginning tomorrow, relations between the tunately it has become painfully clear formed by "liberated" colonies, led by union Republic of China and the United St:ltes of that the enormously inept policies of bosses trained by American unions, and America shall undergo changes. Surely, there the Carter administration have been the loyal to those who had formed them. Aden, will be modifications and readjustments. Al­ now the capital of a. Communist Yemen though the names of our respective embas­ key to the destabilization of the pro­ and Russia's greatest supply base in the sies in Taipei and Washington, D.C. shall go Western Government of Iran and its Near East, was the key. into limbo, yet our many-faceted realistic recent overthrow by Islamic-Marxist In 1967 Britain threw up her hands in dis­ and meaningful relations in trade and eco­ revolutionaries. In the following com­ gust and Iran's Shah assumed the burden of nomic development, in cultural and scien­ mentary, veteran anti-Communist ana­ protecting the strategic Gulf and the Emi­ tific exchanges, in people-to-people interflow lyst Hilaire DuBerrier has outlined how rates. Iranian forces occupied the islands off wm not only continue but also flourish. for years the Soviet Union, through its the coast of Oman and in a crash program The lowering of our national flag does not Middle Easter:i client states such as the Shah acquired hovercraft capable of mean that we are giving up our fight against transporting troops across the Persian Gulf Communism. Fight we wm. We in the Re­ Libya and also Iraq, have poured all in an hour. Overnight Iran's m111tariza.tion public of China have the courage :-ot to bow forms of assistance into Iranian revolu­ began and, as the Sha.h's threats to the Rus­ before the brutal forces of Communism. We tionary groups. The article also makes sian plans became more serious, the a111ance fight against Communism not only for the the point that it was our Government's of Communists and the narrow clergy, united seventeen m11lion Chinese living in Taiwan, pressure which was brought to bear to only in their hatred of the monarch, was but also for more than twenty m11lion over­ force the Shah to leave Iran in January, consummated. seas Chinese living in all parts of the world. to be replaced by a Kerensky-like Bakh­ Some 80 percent of Iran's 35 mlllion people And, what is more, we do it also for the belong to the Shia sect. To the peasants of 800 m111ion Chinese who have been forced to tiar Government which commanded no Ispahan and tribesmen in the Elbourz moun­ live under an oppressive, totalitarian Com­ loyalty and which was quickly over­ tains, the craftsmen in Tabriz and the ba­ munist regime. Indeed, we are continuing thrown. zaar traders from the Caspian Sea. to Balu­ our fight against Communism for all free­ Mr. DuBerrier's column, "Overseas," chistan, the rebel a111ance leader Ayatollah dom-loving people the world over. · was published in the February 21 edition Khomeini is seen as a. magician whose powers We regret that the United States Govern­ of the Review of the News, and follows: a.re unlimited. ment chooses to terminate diplomatic rela­ OVERSEAS By thundering against the regime of the tions with us at a time when our people on Shah of the Ayatollah Khomeini has given When asked, "What is the best form of the appearance of having brought it down by the China mainland have begun to question government?" Solon replied, "For whom and the Communist regime, defiantly and cou­ words. It is no matter that for years sober at what time?" In the case of Iran with European officials have watched Libya's Mu­ rageously, why the economy on the main­ its diverse tribes and religious fanatics who land is not as good as it is in the Republic ammar el-Qaddafi pour money into secret even today literally cut themselves and each camps that have been training Iranian guer­ of China on Taiwan. Through such questions, other to pieces in frenzied mourning for the people are challenging Communism both rillas, or that they have long monitored a. the martyrdom of the Imam Hussein who steady stream of broadcasts to Iran from as a form of government and as a way of life. died 1,300 years ago, the answer is a strong If the raison d'etre of a government is the Moscow. The Ayatollah Khomeini had held government. Certainly the people making up the spotlight, and in the crisis which Iran promotion of the welfare of the people, then this state so vital to the West are as vola­ has just passed through it meant nothing to I would say that my government, the Gov­ tile and as brutal when aroused as any on ernment of the Republic of China, can stand his blind followers that their exiled leader earth. Iran's Shi'ite Moslem fanatics have in Neauphle-le-Chateau, in France, was sur­ the test. For the Chinese people living under not changed since the day before World my government enjoy a standard of living at rounded by members of the Soviet-controlled War I, when an American consul wandered Tudeh party who were flying his incendiary least four times higher than that of the in the street to photograph a religious pro­ people living under the Peiping regime. sermons into Iran only so that the church­ cession and was hacked to bits on the spot. man might prepare the way for the atheists. Moreover, the people in the Republic of China REPORT ON mAN on Taiwan enjoy full freedom while on the It was the Russians and men like Libya's China mainland the people are even denied The old Shah Reza Pahlavi was a. rude Qaddafi, aggresively suported by the Leftist the freedom of silence. soldier who understood his people's respect professors of Europe and America, who radi­ for force and contempt for weakness. Upon calized the many thousands of Iranian stu­ We as a government never pay lip service deposing the ruling Ka.jars in 1921 it was dents sent abroad. In the ultimate reckon­ to grandiose ideas of certain political philos­ his intention to establish a republic; but to ing they made what is referred to as the ophies. Yet, I am proud to say that under the Shi'ite leaders as well as the masses, "dreaded SAVAK," or Secret Police, a neces­ the leadership of President Chiang Ching­ an Iran without a Shah was unthinkable. sity. In late January the sister of the SAVAK kuo, politically ours is an open society; and Thus the Pahlavi Dynasty was founded. general who exiled Khomeini in 1963 told economically we are moving. quietly but The 16th day of September 1941 when the your correspondent that a. Communist leader vigorously, in the direction o! an egalitarian old Shah's son, young Mohammed Reza Pah­ arrested at the same time looked the general society. We have confidence in our lea.de:­ lavi, mounted the Peacock Throne of Persia in the face and said: "When my turn comes, I ship. We have confidence in our Govern­ marked the beginning of a battle that is st111 wm not be as kind to you as you have been ment. And we have confidence in ourselves. far from over which will ultimately to me." Even as she was speaking, women in I wish to assure you that, come what may, lead Iran into a bloodbath which will make Teheran were already having dirt and even the Government and people of the Republic m11lions of Iranians pray for his return. acid thrown in their faces if they went into of China will continue to Ftrive for freedom The first threat to destroy the throne was certain streets without a veil; yet not until and democracy and peace with Justice-a led in 1953 by Prime Minister Mohammed it is too late will the Communist organiza.- February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3441 tion that will replace SAVAK be referred to provide are subjects of legitimate and in coal. (The standard of a reduction of 85 % in our press as "dreaded." growing concern to the Congress and to which was written for high sulphur coal also But it was the Sh

10 times more disturbing during sleep­ ban on nighttime travel has worked RECORD detailed charts showing opera­ ing hours, when it is much more difficult effectively. tions and passenger statistics for both to assimilate sounds, than during the day. FAA statistics for 2 typical days of LaGuardia and John F. Kennedy Inter­ In addition, nighttime noise interference operations at La.Guardia Airport, August national Airports. can seriously affect a person's efficiency 5, 1977, and August 4, 1978, indicate the It is evident that the number of peo­ and productivity during the following following effects a curfew will have on ple suffering the discomfort and harm day. passengers : of aircraft noise during sleeping hours The fear of homeowners that their Only 1.6 percent of the total number is much greater than those who would property values will decline is another of passengers flying into and out of La­ have to rearrange their travel plans to negative result of jet aircraft noise. High Guardia Airport on a typical day would comply with the curfew. Many airports noise levels depreciate the market value be inconvenienced by a curfew between and passengers throughout the country of residential property and in effect may 11 p.m. and 7 a.m., the normal sleeping are involved in similar situations to La­ be creating "environmental ghettos." hours. That amounts to only 705 persons Guardia and Kennedy Airparts in New The neighborhoods surrounding airports out of a 24-hour total of 44,349 passen­ York. Some, like Washington National, should not be allowed to disintegrate to gers. All of these travelers could miss the have begun to deal with the problem. the paint where property values reach a curfew by flying 1 hour earlier. In I feel that all Americans have the critically low level. addition, only 14 flights (1.7 percent) right to a decent night's sleep regardless Nighttime curfews are already in effect out of 844 would have to be changed be­ of where they live. The establishment of at Narita Airport in Tokyo, Geneva, Zu­ cause of an antinoise curfew and many curfews is an effective solution to the rich, London, Los Angeles, and New­ of these are nonpassenger freight flights. aircraft noise problem until the more port Beach, Calif. Washington National These are some of the conclusions costly, long-range answers show an im­ Airport instituted a curfew from 11 p.m. that can be drawn from an analysis of pact. to 7 a.m. in 1966 for all air carriers. This the FAA reports. I am inserting in the The material referred to follows:

LaGUARDIA AIRPORT PASSENGER TRAFFIC BY HOUR-FRIDAY, AUG. 5, 1977

Deplanements Enplanements Total Local time 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total

0l.______•••••• ------0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 ______------·- 88 405 21 10 524 347 1, 362 92 0 1, 801 435 1, 767 113 10 2, 325 8______240 638 26 0 904 282 1, 418 77 10 1, 787 522 2, 056 103 10 2, 691 9______284 942 45 0 1, 271 377 1, 242 74 0 1, 693 661 2, 184 119 0 2, 964 10______168 905 69 0 1, 142 166 877 66 0 1, 109 334 1, 782 135 0 2, 251 11______284 765 52 0 1, 101 278 1, 088 77 0 1, 443 562 1, 853 129 0 2, 544 12______260 1, 033 57 0 1, 350 162 905 56 0 1, 123 422 1, 938 113 0 2, 473 13______213 1, 177 64 0 1, 454 310 1, 153 77 0 1, 540 523 2, 330 141 0 2, 994 14______160 1, 090 93 0 1, 343 233 1, 497471 101 0 1, 805 393 2, 561 194 0 3, 148 15..______266 1, 124 83 10 1, 483 231 50 10 1, 238 497 2, 071 133 20 2, 721 16______210 l, 251 64 0 1, 525 263 1, 181 65 0 1, 509 473 2, 432 129 0 3, 034 17______308 l, 135 44 0 1, 487 318 1, 380 65 0 1, 763 626 2, 515 109 0 3, 250 18______420 1, 262 49 10 1, 741 357 1, 128 67 10 l, 562 777 2, 390 116 20 3, 303 19______292 1, 284 47 0 1, 623 366 1, 399367 60 0 1, 822 658 2, 680 107 0 3, 445 20______305 1, 609 72 0 1, 986 187 42 0 1, 166 492 2, 546 114 0 3, 152 ~~======2~i 1. ~~~ ~~ g 1. ~~~ l~~ 4~ g 1. 2. 1~~ g 2. :~~ 23______99 552 28 0 679 7 m19 0 0 m26 m106 571m 28 0 705

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Total day______3, 933 16, 744 905 30 21, 612 4, 105 17, 580 1, 022 30 22, 737 8, 038 34, 324 1, 927 60 44, 349

Note: Peak passenaers per hour: 3,445. Peak as percent of total: 7.8 percent. Passenaer peak hour(s): 19.

LA GUARDIA AIRPORT SCHEDULED OPERATIONS BY HOUR-FRIDAY, AUG. 4. 1978

Arrivals Departures Total operat:ons Dom. Loe. Int. Air Dom. Loe. Int. Air Dom. Loe. Int. Air Percent Hour PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total dist. o______o }______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2------··--·--· 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 •• ------·-----······ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5______4------·-··-·····----- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6______0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7______6 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 .24 8______13 3 0 7 0 16 23 6 2 7 0 38 29 9 2 14 0 54 6. 40 4 2 7 0 26 18 3 1 8 0 30 31 7 3 15 0 56 6.64 9______12 10 ______· 21 3 2 5 0 22 20 5 0 4 0 29 32 8 2 9 0 51 6. 04 3 1 4 0 29 16 1 2 4 0 23 37 4 3 8 0 52 6.16 11______18 5 0 7 0 30 15 6 0 6 0 27 33 11 0 13 0 57 6. 75 12______21 3 1 2 0 27 18 1 2 3 0 24 39 4 3 5 0 51 6. 04 13.______16 3 1 4 0 24 21 4 0 3 0 28 37 7 1 7 0 52 6.16 14______17 2 ' O 4 0 23 23 2 1 7 0 33 40 4 1 11 0 56 6.64 15______21 2 0 7 0 30 15 3 1 4 0 23 36 5 1 11 0 53 6.28 16______18 5 2 6 0 31 18 2 2 8 0 30 36 7 4 14 0 61 7. 23 17______20 4 0 7 0 31 19 6 0 7 0 32 39 10 0 14 0 63 7.46 18______18 2 1 7 0 28 20 2 0 8 0 30 38 4 1 15 0 58 6.87 19______19 4 0 5 0 28 19 4 1 5 0 29 38 8 1 10 0 57 6. 75 20______21 22 3 2 8 0 34 10 4 1 6 0 21 31 7 3 14 0 55 6.52 21.______2 0 0 0 24 15 1 1 1 0 18 37 3 1 1 0 42 4.98 22______5 3 1 0 0 9 1 2 0 0 0 3 6 5 1 0 0 12 1. 42 23______7 1 0 1 0 9 2 0 0 1 0 3 9 1 0 2 0 12 1. 42 Total day______275 52 13 82 422 273 52 14 83 422 548 104 27 165 0 844 100. 00 ======Percent of total: Arrivals/departures.. 65 12 3 19 100 65 12 3 20 0 100 65" 12 3 20 0 100 ------Operations______33 5 2 10 50 32 6 2 10 0 50 65 12 3 20 0 100 ------

Note: Peak operations per hour: 63. Peak as percent of total: 7.5 percent. Peak hour(s) of operation: 17. 3456 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 J. F. K. INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT PASSENGER TRAFFIC BY HOUR-FRIDAY, AUG. 5, 1977

Deplanements Enplanements Total Local time 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total 1st class Coach Non-rev. Est. Total

0...... •••• 36 604 40 0 680 4 285 7 0 2:: 40 889 47 8~ !...... ______16 275 10 87 388 5 43 0 0 21 318 10 :~t 2- ----··---··----········ 25 383 33 0 441 1l 1i: 0 0 1J: 26 396 33 0 :~: 3 ••• ·----·--····-·-·····- 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 O 13 164 1 0 t:::::::::::::::::::::: g g g g 94°5° g g g g O 3g4 70g3 4g3 16g5 94g5 fi----··--·------34 703 43 165 0 0 0 0 0 ,------~~ 1~ ,~ :} m 1i~ m ii ~1 1. m i~g 1. b~~ ~~ m 1· m ffi:======81 3i}46 53~ l~~1 m m l: ~~? m m tm !~ l: ~:g m m t:i: 1l~ ~ 1 1i~ 1. n::======b ~~ m 1 ~1 ~~: i: m 2b~ I: m m m I: m U:======l~~ I: gig 1~~ m i: m ~~ • m u 237 580 m I: m m ~~~ ~: m lt::::::::::::::::::::: ~~= l: 2~~ l, ii~ ~: ii~ 1, 1~! 1, ~~~ ~~i l: l: bl? 231 2 m468 142 204 in m m m m f·.. m 17 ------149 1• 672 79 225 ~·. ~~ 202 1. 953 159 28g ~: ~~ ~~1 ~·.m 238 ~~i 4, 724 18.______1 • 3 98 1 3, 986 499 3, 611 218 1, 935 6, 263 • 150 2. 604 227 1. 587 4, 568 it:======~i 1: m 1~ m5 ~:1 m ~J 2I: m m H~ ~: m 3 1 2 11 1 9 1 ~t======___ r_! ___:i_! ___~_? ___ :0_ ~__ ·_j_}! ___ ~_~_~5 ___' !_1_~---~-1 ___·_ _g__ ·_~_ 3i___ ~_a __ _· !_ii ___ _l_i ___· _i!_~ __~_: i_li Total day...... 2, 275 19, 699 1, 371 5, 848 29, 193 2, 280 18, 648 1, 486 5, 691 28, 105 4, 555 38, 347 2, 857 11, 539 57, 298

Note: Peak passengers per hour: 6,263. Peak as percent of total: 10.9 percent. Passenger peak hour (s): 19.

JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SCHEDULED OPERATIONS BY HOUR-FRIDAY, AUGUST 4, 1978

Arrivals Departures Total operations Dom. Loe. Int. Air Dom. Loe. Int. Air Dom. Loe. Int. Air Percent Hour PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total PAX PAX PAX taxi Cargo Total dist

9 1 o.. ----·-··-·····------g ~ ~ A 1g ~ g Y g f : i g ~ f f Ii l: ~: 1 i:::::::::::::::::::::: i g A ~ ~ ~ I g g Y f : ~ g g i f i A: f~ t:::::::::::::::::::: ! g g g g i ~ g g ~ ~ g ! g g g ~ l~ ~J~ ~------·-·······--··- 3 y ~ l l 1i g g ~ 3 0 12 8 1 7 7 4 27 3.36 ·--·---·····----·---·- 4 2 1 3 2 12 11 3 6 4 0 24 15 5 7 7 2 36 4. 48 :---·--····----·-·----- 2 1 4 3 1 11 11 0 12 1 4 28 13 1 16 4 5 39 4. 85 1 1 IE======~ ~ i ~ y li = I i I i u l} i 1 I i Ii i: ll lt::::::::::::::::::: : i J I g ~r ! : ~ l f 1g 1~ l 1l i ~ ~~ t fg l~-----····-·-·-··---·- 11 ~ 11 ~ A 36 8 o 2 4 o 14 19 2 19 10 o 50 6.22 1c::::::::::::::::::: 22 3 11 ~ 4 50 10 4 6 3 o 23 32 l 23 1 4 13 9. 08 5 U::::::::::::::::::::: I~ i 1l~ g !! H ! ~i i ~ u if ~ u Ii ~ il Hi it::::::::::::::::::: 16 ~ i ~ y 30 2~ 1 19 3 3 30 20 ~ 28 5 4 60 7. 46 3~ f 4 2f 320 fl f~7 f831 24 li3 621 ~3 ~1635 ~l:. 268423 ~t======23 ______0~___ r1___ :0___ 2___ I~6___ 0_____ 2~______--=~---:----::-:-----::-::---:-:--:----::---::-:---:-:-::-:-:- Tota day ..•.....•__ 1_64 ___ 33__ 1_23 ___ 52___ 26__ 3_98 __ 16_9 __ 3_3 __ 12_6 __5_2 __2_6 __4_0_6 __3_3_3 __6_6 __2_4_9 __1_0_4 __52__ 8_04 __ 100_. oo_ Percent of total: Arr'va!s/departures .. 41 8 31 13 7 100 42 8 31 13 100 41 8 31 14 100 ····---- Operations.-----.... 20 5 15 6 4 50 21 4 16 6 50 41 8 31 14 100 ----··--

Note: Peak operations per hour: 80. Peak as percent of total: 10.0 percent. Peak hour(s) of operation: 19.e

INDEPENDENCE FOR ESTONIA independence. Now is a fitting time to clared a voluntary renouncement of recount their long struggle for liberation. "• • • all rights over Estonian territory Freedom for the people of Estonia was and people." HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON short lived following their Independence Subsequent action showed that the OF CALIFORNIA Day. The German Army invaded the Soviets did not intend to honor this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES country and occupied its lands until the agreement. On August 23, 1939, Russia Tuesday, February 27, 1979 World War I armistice was signed in and Germany signed the Molotov­ November 1918. But, more turmoil fol­ Ribbentrop Pact, an agreement which • Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. lowed. A Russian Bolshevik army attack condemned Estonia to the Soviet sphere Speaker, today's newspaper headlines followed soon after the signing of that of influence. The next year saw the Soviet draw our attention to new conflicts be­ peace document. Though the Russian Ar.my occupy Estonia. tween nations around the world. They threat was great and nearly overwhelm­ The Soviet dominance has taken from bring us firsthand accounts of the raw ing, the young nation vowed to resist the the people of Estonia their most basic military force being used by some foreign Communist invasion. A strong spirit in­ human freedoms. Arrests, deportations, countries attempting to impose their spired by full support of Estonian citi­ executions, and a nationalization of all dominance over other people. This month zens gave the young army of the Baltic private property are the consequences of marks the 6lst anniversary of a more country a victory in its war of independ­ Soviet imposed rule. silent fight for freedom. After centuries ence. On February 2, 1920, the Republic The United States now lends moral of foreign rule, 61 years ago on February of Estonia and the Soviet Socialist Re­ support to the people of Estonia and its 24, the people of Estonia declared their public signed a peace treaty which de- struggle for freedom. We are one of many February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3457 Western countries which have refused to Act, which seeks to promote ESOP's by cause so many Irish came so long ago, recognize the f orceable annexation of guaranteeing loans normally made avail­ the preference quota system--brother or Estonia by the Soviet Union. This is a able under the business loan program sister of a U.S. citizen for example­ position quite consistent with our human and the procurement assistance program rarely applies. rights policy. of the Small Business Administration for Therefore, I introduced legislation, I take this opportunity to urge the con­ this purpose. This bill is necessary since H.R. 107, to correct this inequitable situ­ tinuance of this stance and ask the ad­ the SBA's present regulations prohibit ation which has gone on for too many ministration to continue its efforts. on loans to ESOP's. The loan guarantees are years. In 1965, we were assured that behalf of the freedom-loving Estonians. contingent on feasibility studies, how­ upon passage of the new immigration Our free Nation should be in the fore­ ever, to prevent transfers of estate with­ amendments, all nationalities would be front in the effort to bring to the people in friendly hands that do not need the treated on an equal footing. History has of Estonia the realization of their dream loan guarantees, and to prevent dying taught us otherwise. Thousands of de­ of liberation and the reestablishment of companies from being sold to unknowing serving immigrants are unable to qual­ the independent country of Estonia.• employees. ify for visas under the new law and im­ Mr. Speaker, I firmly believe that migrants from those countries have ESOP's are a proven method of restor­ dwindled considerably. ing the small business sector of our econ­ I urge the support of my colleagues for SMALL BUSINESS EMPLOYEE OWN­ omy. This restoration is essential to the H.R. 107.e ERSHIP ACT maintenance of a democratic free enter­ prise system, independent of the inher­ ent dangers of monopolistic control.• STATEMENT IN OPPOSITION TO HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE THE ms PROPOSED REVENUE OF SOUTH DAKOTA PROC'EDURE RELATING TO PRI­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VATE TAX-EXEMPT SCHOOLS Tuesday, February 27, 197~ IMMIGRATION INEQUITIES NEED • Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, small TO BE CORRECTED HON. DON YOUNG business in America is going through a OF ALASKA most critical stage. Presently, an average HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of 10,000 small businesses with liabilities OF ILLINOIS in excess of $3 billion close annually. Tuesday, February 27, 1979 This is turn has resulted in a reduction IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, from 50 percent in 1960 to 30 percent in Tuesday, February 27, 1979 I appreciate the opportunity to make 1976 in the percentage of corporate • Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, we take this statement regarding the position manufacturing assets owned by small great pride in the fact that our Nation of the ms concerning the revenue pro­ and medium businesses. Small business is a nation of immigrants-men and cedure relating to private tax-exempt profits as a percent of total corporate women who made their way to our shores private schools. As you know, I strongly manufacturing profits were down to 27 for a better way of life and for the free­ opposed the proposed regulations as pub­ percent in 1976 as opposed to 41 percent doms they did not have in their mother lished in the Federal Register on Au­ in 1960. These are statistics that indicate countries. gust 22, 1978, for a number of reasons. In the declining share of national income Our Immigration and Nationality Act an attempt to sneak in the back door, and profits that small businesses own. has been amended many times to further the IRS has issued a set of revised pro­ These are also statistics that cannot be make its regulations more just and posed rules published in the Federal ignored. equitable. Public Law 89-236, for exam­ Register on February 13, 1979. Benefits provided by small business ple, repealed the national origins quota The question of issue at this point is have been the backbone of our economic concept as a system for selecting immi­ not one of comparing the rules of August system. MIT studies placed the growth grants to the United States and substi­ 1978 with the revised rules of February rate of hiring among small firms at be­ tuted a ceiling on Eastern Hemisphere 1979, but instead of one of whether or tween 24 and 40 percent, whereas the immigration on a first-come, first-served not the ms is usurping authority in an largest 1,000 corporations in our country basis, within various preference cate­ attempt to set social policy. I am vehe­ contributed a growth rate in hiring of gories, and a 20,000 limit per country. mently opposed to the recent action of less than 2 percent. And despite the fact Public Law 94-571 further amended the the IRS crusade to promulgate regula­ that virtually all research and develop­ Immigration and Naturalization Act to tions without expressed statutory or ment money goes to large corporations, apply the 7 category preference sys­ constitutional authority. The mandate small business is a proven training tem, as well as the 20,000-per-country of Congress to the ms is one of collec­ ground for new innovation. limit, to the Western Hemisphere as well tion of revenue, not one of enforcing We now have a mechanism that will as the Eastern Hemisphere. Public Law social policy. encourage the development and contin­ 95-412 contained the 2 ceilings in a Although the IRS has revised its pro­ uation of American small business. This single worldwide ceiling of 290,000, with posed rules by eliminating the "mechan­ mechanism is the employee stock own­ a single preference system. ical" formula and by restricting their ership plan

SELF-EMPLOYED PROFESSIONALS equal rights under the law. British com­ and Congress have made the quest for Your social-security contribution is higher manders came to regard the Catholics human rights throughout the world one than that of a salaried employee. But you as the greater threat a.nd, by 1971, British of our major objectives. This endeavor can also tax-defer up to $7,500 a year in a troops sided with the Protestant fac­ should be pursued indiscriminately, not Keogh plan, or incorporate and tax-defer tions in a virtual state of war against in a haphazard fashion that chastises a even more. the Catholic minority. 14,000 heavily number of nations and ignores a chosen SMALL-COMPANY PLANS armed troops on round-the-clock patrols few, such as Great Britain. Thousands of small companies have no erected checkpoints and barriers between Until our Government moves, there plans at all; those that do vary widely in streets and neighborhoods. They initiated will be no change in Ireland, and I liberality. In a group of small-company plans strongly feel that we have it within our selected by the pension consulting firm A. S. the use of roadblocks and indiscriminate Hansen, Inc., a $20,000, 25-year employee was body searches on the populace. power to do something to bring about found to receive anywhere from 23 to 50 per Authorities instituted a policy of in­ the necessary changes. Should Congress cent of pay, plus social security. ternment without trial of people suspect­ and the Carter administration serve EMPLOYEES WITH NO COMPANY PLANS ed of terrorist activity. This classic act notice on the British Government that No star at all. There's social security, but of international illegality, often accom­ our longstanding relationship is in beyond that you may tax-defer no more than panied with torture and even death, was jeopardy, Britain may take a closer look $1 ,500 a year ($1,750 if your spouse doesn't applied almost exclusively against the at her policy of repression. work) in an Individual Retirement Account. Catholics. By ignoring the issue, we are giving Every favored group stands ready to de­ In 1973, the British Parliament implied support to the practice of sup­ fend its special status. But it's hard to see passed the Emergency Provisions Act, pressing the Irish desire for self-deter­ why a fireman's "hazard pay," for example, calling for the suspension of fundamen­ mination. should include disability pensions for mara­ It thon runners. Nor is it right that private­ tal civil liberties and gave the Protes­ is clear to me that, unless our Gov­ sector workers, with leaner pensions, should tant-dominated police force the right to ernment acts, this mockery of justice will be taxed more and more heavily for the fatter search and detain people without war­ continue. Britain's secretary of state for cost-of-living pensions common in the pub­ rant and to intern for lengthy periods Northern Ireland, Roy Mason, has made lic sector. of time those persons only suspected of it clear that the British Government will Today's complaints are only a rumble; to­ crimes. maintain its hard-line approach in deal­ morrow, they may explode.e Internment in Northern Ireland's ing with the warring factions. British concentration camp-type prisons often policy has only further polarized the two SELF-DETERMINATION FOR ALL OF involved torture. Just 2 years ago Great communities of Northern Ireland, and IRELAND Britain admitted before the European the population still regards the troops Court of Human Rights that she had and police as an army of occupation. not approved the torture of suspects. More peacekeepers. · HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI recently, the June 1978 report by Am­ Certainly, the work of the Ad Hoc OF NEW YORK nesty International on human rights Congressional Committee for Irish Af­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES violations occurring at the infamous fairs, on whose executive committee I Castlereagh prison in East Belfast cites now serve, is having a positive impact. Tuesday, February 27, 1979 78 individual cases of human rights vio­ The committee, formed a year and a half e Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, the lations by the Royal Ulster Constabu­ ago and now boasting a membership of people of Northern Ireland are still being lary, which serves as the main auxiliary over 100 Congressmen and Senators, will deprived of the right to rule their own force for British rule in Northern Ire­ be conducting a Peace Forum in the near house. The Irish have had to struggle land. This report by Amnesty Interna­ future that will enable all interested bitterly and violently for the enjoyment tional, a highly reputable humanitarian parties in the dispute to sit down and dis­ of liberties and rights that the people organization awarded with the Nobel cuss a peaceful solution to the conflict. of any democracy take for granted. Gen­ Peace Prize, leaves little doubt that po­ The Peace Forum idea has been discussed erations of Irish patriots have shed their lice authorities employ beating and oth­ fo r many months, and I am pleased that blood and laid down their lives for the er vicious forms of maltreatment in at­ the ad hoc committee has definitely de­ right to determine their own destiny. tempting to extract confessions from cided to go ahead with the forum. This When the island was partitioned in suspects, many of whom are then re­ decision, which I fully support, was based 1920, the majority of Irish people finally leased without being charged with any on the high level of interest found attained the freed om and democracy offense. among the various factions in Ireland as they so long desired. However, the minor­ The original purpose of the British well as the unwavering support of lead­ ity Roman Catholics of Northern Ire­ Army's intervention was to gradually ers in the Irish-American community. I land's six counties, outnumbered 2 t_o 1 by put down the violence in hopes that, in am hopeful that our efforts will contrib­ the Protestants populace, continue to a safer· climate, the two communities ute toward a just and lasting peace in suffer the pain of blantant discrimination would agree on a new shared adminis­ the Emerald Isle. and suppression. tration whose police force would then However, I want the people of Amer­ The Catholics have been reduced to replace the army. That policy, while ica to know that we are sincere in our little more than third-class citizens be­ well-meaning, has failed miserably. The endeavor to bring peace to Ireland, free hind the wealthy upper class and their army's presence is a highly visible re­ from British domination. Therefore, I Protestant middle class neighbors. They minder of British political domination of have introduced a concurrent resolution have been denied equal opportunity in the area and, rather than quell the vio­ in the House of Representatives recog­ housing, employment, and other basic lence, the sight of large numbers of sol­ nizing "the right of all of the people of rights enjoyed by the Protestants. This diers and arms has instigated the citi­ Ireland, including the six counties known policy of outright discrimination has been zenry and merely added fuel to the fire. as Northern Ireland, to control their own allowed to continue for decades by a As a result, this past decade of sec­ political destiny." It also urges the Presi­ British Parliament whose edicts have tarian violence in Ulster's six counties dent to "adopt and pursue policies which contributed to the inequities rather tllan has claimed more than 1,800 lives and are wholly consistent with such right." alleviate them. In 1969, these deep-rooted nearly 18,000 men, women, and chil­ This measure is a straightforward ex­ injustices finally erupted in an onslaught dren wounded by bullet and bomb. The p ~- ession on behalf of the American peo­ of violence and chaos. most shocking aspect of these figures ple, and it is my hope that it will have The British response to the disturb­ is that many of the casualties were in­ the support of my colleagues and make ances was to send occupation troops to nocent victims of the violence sur­ an impression upon the administration, supposedly protect the rights of the ma­ rounding them. the State Department and the British jority. Initially, the Catholic population During this time, although fully Government. welcomed the troops as a peacekeeping aware of the gross injustices inflicted The people of all of Ireland must be force, but they soon realized · that the upon the minority in Northern Ireland, given the opportunity to choose their own army had joined the oppressors in at­ the U.S. Government has remained vir­ form of government. "Ireland unfree, tempting to crush their campaign for tually silent. The Carter administration shall never be at peace."• February 27, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3463 AN INTERVIEW WITH REED IRVINE, the lead in starting an organization to com­ subjects are often approached even by local bat irresponsible and misleading reporting. reporters with a zealotry that vanquishes all FOUNDER OF ACCURACY IN MEDIA Finally, with a few friends, I decided to go factual evidence. ahead and do what could be done. We hoped Q. What is the reason for this distortion that an organization that could focus on along ideological lines? HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS specific media misdaeds rather than gen­ A. The reason for this is that many re­ OF IDAHO eralized complaints would have some notice­ porters crave power. They want to do good­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES able impact. with the "good" being whatever they per­ sonally support-and seek to be movers and Tuesday, February 27, 1979 Q . Was there some particularly outrageous example that could be said to have triggered shakers, not merely reporters of what is • Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, this is an AIM's formation? transpiring in the world. They often have excellent interview with Reed Irvine, A. One of the egregious cases that led up very naive notions of what "good" is. For chairman of the board of Accuracy in to this decision was the CBS News documen­ example, the young reporter from the Wash­ Media. It appears in the January 24 is­ tary, "Hunger In America." Among other ington Post, Charles Krause, who visited things, CBS showed a tiny baby which it JonestJown with Congressman Leo Ryan has sue of Review of the News published by said was dying of starvation, before the very admitted in his book Guyana Massacre that Review of the News Inc. at 395 Concord eyes of the viewer, in a hospital in San A.i­ he thought what the "Reverend" Jim Jones Avenue, Belmont, Mass. 02178. tonio. A reporter in San Antonio subse­ was doing in Guyana was great ... right Reed found a need to start this or­ quently found that the baby had been born up until the time Ryan's party was attacked ganization to combat irresponsible prematurely and that it had died of a num­ at the Kaituma airstrip. journalism after being unsuccessful in ber of ailments related to its premature birth. Q. In your AIM Report you have published convincing the networks and newspapers Neither the infant nor its mother had suf­ an analysis of the role of America's two most to take on the responsibility themselves. fered from malnutrition. But CBS News re­ influential newspapers, the Washington Post fused to inform the public that this tear­ and the New York Times, in reporting on the Reed has made considerable contribu­ jerking scene had been misrepresented, «wen Communist slaughters in Cambodia. Would tions in the field of monitoring the after it had been asked to do so by a Member you detail this case for our readers? media to insure its accuracy and there­ of Congress. And the networks continued to A. Our news media as a whole were very by done a great public service. I wish distribute this so-caUed "documentary" for slow to expose the terrible genocide com­ to commend Reed for his work, and I many years. mitted by the Communists under Pol Pot urge my colleagues to read this informa­ Q. Did the reporting on the war in Viet­ in Cambodia. The AIM Report first brought tive interview. nam play any part in your decision to orga­ this out in June 1975, two months after the nize AIM? [From the Review of the News, Jan. 24, 1979] Communist takeover there. The facts became A. Yes, very much so. We were most con­ very apparent in the subsequent months, ACCURACY IN MEDIA'S REED IRVINE cerned about the anti-war bias that became but almost nothing was said about the re­ (By John Rees) evident in the media, especially at the time ports of mass murder that the refugees were Confronted with a particularly rank ex­ of the Tet offensive in February 1968. The telling. ample of biased newspaper reporting, or Tet offensive was a tremendous defeat for John Barron and Anthony Paul conducted warped television production, many Ameri­ the Vietcong, but our media portrayed it as extensive interviews of those refugees in cans now respond: "Reed will do something a defeat for our side. As a result, public 1976, and they concluded that by the end of about it." And Reed Irvine, chairman of the opinion tended to turn against the war 1976, at least 1.2 million Cambodians had board of Accuracy In Media, usually does. quite sharply. Even when it became clear, perished as a result of the actions of their Born 56 years ago in Salt Lake City, Irvine after a few months, that Tet had been a Communist rulers since April 1975. This was served during World War II as a Japanese victory for us, the media refused to correct out of a population of 7.7 million. That same Language Officer in the U.S. Marine Corps, their original error. information was available to the New York seeing duty in the Pacific and later as a One of my favorite horror stories is abo11t Times, the Washington Post, the television member of the U.S. Occupation Forces in Robert Northshield, a producer for NBC networks, but in all of 1976, while this ter­ Japan. Afterwards, he attended St. Cath­ News. In the fall of 1968, a member of his :ible genocide was taking place, the Wash­ erine's College, Oxford, England, as a Ful­ staff suggested that since it had become ington Post ran only nine news stories that bright Scholar. And, on his return to the clear that Tet had been a victory, not a de­ even alluded to humanrights problems in United States, Reed Irvine joined the Fed­ feat, they should do a program pointing that Cambodia. Yet they found space for 58 eral Reserve Board where for the next 25 out to correct the record. Northshield thought stories dealing with human rights in Chile! years he fought long odds to bring sense and about it, and then responded: "No, the pub­ The New York Times was even worse. It had responsibility to our foreign lending lic perceived it as a defeat, and therefore it only four stories on human rights in Cam­ programs. was a defeat." That is the first time in his­ bodia and 66 on human rights in Chile. Tele­ Founding Accuracyi In Media in 1969, Mr. tory that we won a battle in the field and vision was as bad. NBC never mentioned the Irvine has built AIM's reputation as the lost it on television. matter on its evening news. ABC mentioned Incidentally, the record of media misre­ it once, and CBS twice, during the entire most respected media watchdog organiza­ year. tion in America. Retirement from the Fed­ porting of Tet has now been thoroughly eral Reserve in 1978 has freed him to devote documented in a book, Big Story, by Peter I think that the Washington Post was par­ his full efforts to Accuracy In Media and Braestrup. Mr. Braestrup was in Saigon as ticularly reprehensible in this matter in that to become a syndicated columnist and radio a reporter for the Washington Post at the it didn't even carry a review of the fine book commentator in the nation's capital. time of the Tet offensive. that Barron and Paul wrote on this subject, Q. Mr. Irvine, what made you decide to Q. We sometimes hear that there is less Murder Of A Gentle Land, until mid-1978, form Accuracy In Media? media. distortion in reporting on local issues over a year after it was published. A. In the latter part of the 1960s we saw than on national or international events, Q . What did AIM do about this? serious rio~ in the cities, turmoil on the possibly because people are better informed A. Of course, we exposed the disgraceful college campuses, d.nd violent, politically about local affairs. Is that correct? failure to report this story. We ran a couple motivated, confrontations such as the demon­ A. Not entirely. The worst distortion tends of articles about it in the AIM Report and I strations in Chicago at the 1968 Democratic to arise when the matter being reported has wrote about it in my syndicated column. But National Convention. The news media, in significant political or ideological connota­ I also took the matter up with the publish­ many cases, appeared to be pouring gasoline tions. The reporting on the Vietnam War was ers of the Post and the Times both in letters on the flam.es, giving an extraordinary deeply influenced by the ideological bent of and in face-to-face encounters. The execu­ amount of publicity to the agitators who the reporters. Today you get a tremendous the editor of the Post, Ben Bradlee, became were behind many of these disturbances. A amount of distortion in reporting on human­ so incensed at one letter that I wrote on the lot of the demonstrations were nothing but rights issues, with the media tending to subject that he responded in writing, calling media events; they would not have occurred focus on such countries as South Africa, me a "miserable, carping, retromingent vig­ if the mass media had not been present to Chile, Nicaragua, and South Korea as the ilante." I learned that "retromingent" means publicize them. There were even cases in bad guys, while saying relatively little about "backward urinating." We ran that letter in which television news crews helped stage far worse offenders such as Cambodia, Red the AIM Report and I have an enlargement demonstrations, providing signs or giving China, Cuba, and North Korea. On the do­ of it on the wall of our office. It illustrates the demonstrators instructions as to what mestic scene you get a lot of terrible report­ that when the case is weak advocates tend they should do. This irresponsible conduct ing on issues such as nuclear power, largely to shout and thump the table. on the part of journalists was an important because this has become an ideological cause. I think that our criticisms had some im­ factor in the decision tc start Accuracy In There has been some incredibly misleading pact. The New York Times especially has Media. reporting on scientific matters that are of improved its coverage of Cambodia in the I had found that individual protests to the considerable importance to the ordinary citi­ past year. And the Post finally did carry a networks and the newspape·rs didn't do any zen. I am thinking of issues such as pesti­ review of Murder Of a Gentle Land and also good. I also found that it was impossible to cides, such as D.D.T., and products that c"ambodia: Year Zero, another excellent book get the networks themselves, or people who have greatly increased productivity of meat, on this matter that had been published a were actively involved ln the media, to take such as antibiotic cattle feed and D.E.S. These year earlier in French. CBS did a pretty good CXXV-218--Part 3 3464 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1979 documentary on Cambodia, and regular tele­ portorial policies and practices of those ing of the board of governors of the Press vision news coverage showed some slight newspapers. Club. The resolution asked Castro to free the improvement. Q. Mr. Irvine, we have been very interested newsmen who were still being held prisoner Q. You and AIM have had some notable in AIM's attempt to get the Washington Post in his jails. We also urged the Press Club to successes in calling syndicated columnist and New York Times to publish the fact that invite a Cuban editor who had just been Jack Anderson to task for inaccurate stories, Orlando Letelier, the former Chilean Marxist released from prison, after 19 years, to speak. including one in which he charged that the ambassador and defense minister, was being This was all very embarrassing to the· club Nicaraguan President had misappropriated paid via Cuba as an "agent of influence" for president, Frank Aukofer, the Washington U.S. funds sent to rebuild after the last ma­ the Soviet K.G.B. Will you tell our readers bureau chief for the Milwaukee Journal. jor earthquake. Several U.S. Government about thts important incidence of news man­ Aukofer had been instrumental in arranging audits, as I recall, found no misappropria­ agement? for a "Cuban Night" at the club, with the tions and no fraud. A. The most trouble we have had with an entertainment to be provided by Castro's A. Yes, we have criticized Anderson numer­ advertisement involved a criticism of the way liaison office in Washington. They were go­ ous times for his inaccuracies. One of the in which the Washington Post had handled ing to fly up a band from Havana that bore things that we developed was a list of news­ coverage of the documents found in Orlando the name "Giron," which is what the Cubans papers that carry the various syndicated Letelier's briefcase when this !ormer Cabi­ call the unsuccessful invasion that we know columnists. This enables us to send letters net officer in the Allende Government was as the Bay of Pigs. to many or most of the papers that carry assassinated in Washington, D.C., in Sep­ No one had told the board what "Giron" a particular columnist whose errors we are tember 1976. The documents showed that means in Spanish. This was adding insult to seeking to correct. We have a list of about Letelier was being paid out of Havana. They injury. It was as if the Japanese Govern­ 500 papers that carry Jack Anderson's col­ also showed that his real objective was to ment were to send us a dance troupe called umn. When we find a serious error in his inflict on Chile the same kind of regime that "Pearl Harbor" or the Germans to send a column, we may send out letters to all 500 Castro had inflicted on Cuba. And, all the band to London called "V-2." of those journals. time, he was pretending to be a great cham­ Aukofer fought hard to try to postpone Not all of our letters are published, of pion of human rights. the resolution urging the release of the im­ course, but many are. Also, some of the edi­ But the Post tried to whitewash Letelier prisoned newsmen until well after his "Cuba tors call the matter to Anderson's attention by running stories and material supplied by Night." Thanks in part to the fact that the and ask for his explanation. A few years ago, Letelier's cohorts at the Institute for Policy whole disgraceful affair was well publicized he became so incensed about this that he Studies and the National Lawyers Guild. AIM in Les Kinsolving's Washington Weekly, devoted an entire column to an attack on tried to get the Post to carry an advertise­ which was distributed to very office in the me personally and on Accuracy In Media. ment exposing its whitewash. The Washing­ National Press Building, the board stood firm There was no basis for his charges, and ton Post put so many obstacles in our path and insisted on sending to Cuba the resolu­ he ended up with egg on his face. He has that AIM transferred the ad to the Post's tion proposed by Jack Skelly, "Cuba Night" not said one word about us since, but we rival, the Washington Star; then, at the last notwithstanding. have continued to criticize his errors. I minute, the Star refused to print it. Still, I think it is an interesting commen­ have reason to think that this has made him Next we took AIM's advertisement to the tary on the outlook of many reporters in somewhat more careful. Someone who was New York Times, which also refused to carry Washington that Castro would be permitted trying to interest him in doing a certain it unless we dropped a paragraph that was to put on a show at the National Press Club story told me that Anderson's people ex­ essential to the integrity of the ad. Finally under any circumstances. In addition, two plained their caution, saying that if they the AIM advertisement on the Letelier cover­ Castro Cubans have spoken at the club in made a mistake. Accuracy In Media would up was published in the Wall Street Journal, recent months, and that recently released edi­ get after them. National Observer, and News World. tor we wanted to see invited has yet to Unfortunately we don't have enough staff I might add that the readers of the Review appear. to run down all the mistakes that columnists of the News are more fortunate than most Q. A number of special-interest organiza­ and reporters make. But just as the Internal other Americans because they had the full tions regularly holds press conferences and Revenue Service figures that it keeps a lot story of Letelier's activities as a K.G.B. agent distributes press materials that are used over of taxpayers honest by random audits of in­ of influence working with the Cuban D.G.I. and over again by newspaper reporters and come-tax returns, I think we help keep a secret police in your two articles on the mat­ broadcasters virtually without change or lot of reporters honest by investigating and ter in 1977. checking. Amnesty International is one of exposing even some of the errors that are Q. Did either the Times or Post ever con­ these. Will you comment on the accuracy made. cede the point of those damning documents and focus of Amnesty's human-rights procla­ Q. From time to time, Accuracy In Media in Letelier's briefcase? mations and its media coverage? has taken out paid advertisements in some A. In a way, rather by accident, the Times A. Amnesty International is very much like of the major newspapers to make its points. did; but not the Washington Post. The New the American Civil Liberties Union in that Also I know you were involved in an effort York Times actually was even worse than the it gets good press and is taken pretty much to get proper labeling for propaganda ads Post on the Letelier story because it pub­ at face value. That has been especially true by the North Korean Government which lished nothing at all about the incriminating since it was awarded a Nobel Prize two years were misleadingly set in type in the style doc:uments found in his briefcase. I asked ago. Burt; Amnesty International's published of a regular newspaper article. Tell us about Mr. Sulzberger, the publisher, why the Times works show a very pronounced Leftist bias. that. didn't run the story. His answer was that he Take their 1975 Report On Torture. It would A. A few years back, North Korean dictator really didn't know-his subordinates kept appear to have been issued mainly in order Kim Il Sung was buying full-page ads in telling him it wasn't a story worthy of space to attack Chile and Greece. It dealt with the the New York Times, the Washington Post, in the paper. period in which both of those countries were and some other papers to reproduce his Then an amusing thing happened in the under military rule. Abourt; 28 percent of all speeches or propaganda statements. We had spring of 1978. A story about the briefcase the country material was concerned with found that when AIM tried to buy space in papers showed up in the Times in a story these two nations. By contrast, materi•al on those two newspapers to expose errors or about the investigation of the Letelier as­ all of the Communist countries combined omissions of important stories by their re­ sassination. I called up the reporter whose took up only four percent of the space dealing porters, they always insisted on two things: by-line was on the story and complimented with individual countries. No less than two The ads had to be labeled "advertisement," him for finally getting this into the paper. pages were devoted to torture in the United and we had to submit exhaustive documenta­ He was nonplussed and said that the reporter States, and another page discussed the blame tion for every statement in the ad that they normally responsible for covering the Lete­ Amnesty thought we bore for torture in Latin thought might possibly be inaccurate. But lier case was on vacation, and he had been America. More space was devoted to torture this same standard was not applied to Kim asked to do a story on a break in the investi­ in Northern Ireland than to torture in the Il Sung, the North Korean dictator. He was gation. He said he had found the briefcase Soviet Union. More space was given to Israel, permitted to make wildly inaccurate state­ story in the file and had used it as back­ including the occupied territory, than to Red ments, as well as statements of highly ques­ ground. He did not know that publishing China, Cuba, and all of Eastern Europe, ex­ tionable tas.te, in his ads. And, in the be­ that information was a no-no at the Times. cluding the U.S.S.R. ginning, they were not even labeled "ad­ Q. Didn't you personally have a leading Q. Does Amnesty International's bias ex­ vertisement." role in persuading the National Press Club tend downward from its leaders? We succeeded in getting these newspapers in Washington to send a protest to Fidel A. It appears so. For example, Martin En­ to correct that last omission, but have not Castro about censorship of the press there nals, the Secretary-general of Amnesty Inter­ been able to persuade either the New York and continued Jailing of newsmen in Cuba national, came to Washington from London Times or the Washington Post to hold Kim even as other Press Club officials were pro­ last spring to hold a press conference about Il Sung to the same standard of documenta­ moting a "Cuba Night" celebration? Will human-rights problems in South Africa. En­ tion they demand of Accuracy in Media. you tell us about this? nals showed his organization's typical pre­ AIM's ads have been and are accurate; and A. I wouldn't say that I played a major occupation with non-Communist countries it is clear to me that the nit-picking objec­ role. The idea came from Jack Skelly, Wash­ when he was asked about the organization's tions of the Times and Post have been mere ington correspondent of a Puerto Rican pa­ failure to say anything about the massive harrassment designed to discourage AIM per, El Mundo. Jack proposed the resolution, violations of human rights in Red China from placing ads criticizing editorial and re- and I gave him strong support at the meet- which involve, for one, a policy of virtual February 28, 1979 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3465 genocide against the Tibetian people. He permitted the deal to go through on the than their leaders and most of the pundits. actually excused Amnesty's silence by saying terms-totally favorable to Peking-that Teng is making statements that sound that the Chinese Communists have been "hy· Carter and Brzezinski wanted. This was in very reasonable and conciliatory; yet the persensitive" to criticism. no way a matter of secrecy to protect na­ government of the P.R.C. is unwilling to put Of course, in November, Amnesty Inter­ tional security. It was simply a matter of them on paper and formally sign them. Our national announced the appointment of pulling a fast one on Congress and the voters. leaders, in their eagerness to improve rela­ Derek Roebuck, dean of law at the University Q. Congress apparently expected Mr. Car­ tions, have apparently forgotten the number of Tasmania and a leading member of the ter to try something like this, don't you of times in the past that we and other Free Soviet-line Australian Communist Party, as think? World countries have become euphoric just head of A.L's research department. Roebuck A. Yes, certainly, the Congress must have because dictators like Stalin or Khrushchev, has announced that despite his appointment suspected something because both the House or one of the other Communist bigwigs, "I will still be as much a Communist." of Representatives and the Senate passed a smiled in our direction. Shortly afterwards, Amnesty released a 176- Resolution only last summer providing Some of us can even remember how joyful page report on political imprisonment in the that they should be consulted before any many people were back in 1938, when Cham­ People's Republic of China, a report that had change was made in the status of our mutual berlain got Hitler's assurances that he had been compiled some time ago but not re­ defense treaty with the Republic of China on no aggressive intentions beyond acquisition leased. I would like to ask Mr. Ennals whether Taiwan. of the Sudetenland. "We seek no wider Amnesty International might be trying to Q. How have Time and Newsweek handled war," said Hitler, and the Second World War balance a pro-Red China bias by hiring a the issue of security of the Republic of followed a year later. Soviet-line Communist, or whether the orga­ China on Taiwan? ' What gets me is the failure of our major nization was sympathizing somewhat with A. Neither mentioned Red Chinese Deputy news media to drive home the simple re­ the "Gang of Four" that ran China during Prime Minister Teng Hsiao-ping's statement, minder that Teng-even should he be sin­ the dotage of Mao Tse-tung. made in September, that he had rejected an cere in all be says-is a mortal of 74 years I find it most significant that Ennals was American government request for a P.R.C. who leads a country that has gone through unable to say during his Washington press pledge not to use force to subjugate Taiwan. the most incredible gyrations of policy and conference how many political prisoners Instead, Time reported the Red Chinese leadership over the past decade. were held by the Communists in_ Vietnam, leaders "began dropping hints that they were Perhaps Teng does want to liberalize the nor would he say whether or not the human­ getting ready to accept the U.S. terms." But harsh dictatorship of the Communists in rights conditions there had grown worse those secret U.S. terms, hidden from Con­ China. Certainly the United States should since the Communist takeover. And when he gress and the American people until Carter encourage any efforts in that direction. But was asked what Amnesty International was was ready to make his announcement, con­ the people of the Republic of China on Tai­ doing for Anatoly Shcharansky, who was cede to Teng and whoever his successors wan have every right to be nervous when we then very prominent in the news because of may be both the legal and moral right to ask them to rely solely on Teng's assurances his persecution at the hands of the Soviet treat Taiwan just as they treat Hunan, for their freedom. Government and its K.G.B., he actually Fukien, or any other mainland province. Q. Well then, Mr. Irvine, how can private turned to an aide to ask who was Anatoly And that joint communique says that the citizens help to promote responsible and ac­ Shcharansky. United States recognizes the P.R.C. as the curate journalism by newspapers in their Q. During the past few weeks, there has sole legal government of China and that own areas as well as by the national media? been an immense amount of material printed Taiwan is part of China. Although President A. One of the best things, in my opinion, about Red China. How do you evaluate this Carter said he expects the Taiwan issue to be is to subscribe to the AIM Report and follow and, more generally, President Carter's rush settled peacefully, Hua Kuo-feng, who is the suggestions we make concerning letters toward recognition and trade with the Pei­ both Prime Minister of the P.R.C. and Mao's to be written to criticize specific instances of ping regime? successor as Chairman of the Chinese Com­ inaccurate or distorted reporting. I think it is A. We devoted a recent issue of the AIM munist Party, reiterated that just how Tai­ important that we concentrate our efforts Report to a rather detailed analysis of the wan is subjected to P.R.C. control is "entirely rather than use a scattergun approach. coverage by Time and Newsweek of Carter's China's internal affair." Individuals who have the time and patience surprise announcement of U.S. diplomatic The prognosis for the people of Taiwan, if systematically to monitor their media can do recognition with Peking and the dumping of captured, is bleak at best when one considers invaluable work. One effective approach is to our long-time allies on Taiwan. The most the millions who have died under Red Chi­ make a systematic record of how the media interesting finding was the failure of these nese rule on the mainland by overwork, treat certain stories. Watch your local paper two national news magazines to mention the malnutrition, and abuse, and by direct or TV station over a period of a month and fact that our President had acted in viola­ execution. see how they cover issues such as defense, tion of two important promises he had made Q. Are there other areas of media misre­ SALT II, nuclear power, abortion, or what­ to the American people. One was that he porting on the Chinese events? ever interests you. Take note of the stories would not carry out secret diplomacy in and the number of them on the different important matters and then spring the re­ A. Certainly. For one, the media have ig­ sides of the issue. If you come up with a con­ sults on the American people as Nixon and nored the overwhelmingly negative public vincing case of one-sided reporting, take it Kissinger had done. The other promise was response. I did not see any newspaper or to the editor. He may be sufficiently impres­ that he would not normalize relations with television report of the fact that in the first sed to order some changes. I know of at least Red China without getting guarantees of the :ave days after the President's announcement two cases where individuals working strictly security of Taiwan. of December 15th, the White House received on their own have done this and have Carter had made that promise very ex­ over 6,500 calls, letters, and telegrams of brought about fairer coverage in their local plicitly in his second debate with President which 77 percent were critical of the Presi­ media. dent's decision. I have noticed that letters Ford, saying he would not "exclude the Q. Reed Irvine, thank you very much for American people" from the process of shap­ to the editors of many newspapers have also your views. And let us add that readers who ing U.S. foreign policy. been running heavily against the Carter wish to do so may join Accuracy in Media What is particularly reprehensible, in my Administration on this issue. for $15 a year, which is tax-deductible except view, is that the only reason for all the It ls obvious to me that Big Media are for the $3 portion that covers subscription to secrecy was that Carter and Brzezinski knew muting the criticism of Carter's action on the semi-monthty AIM Report. The address that if Congress and the American people China. This is another case in which the of Accuracy in Media is 777 14th Street, N.W., had been consulted, they would not have American people seem to have more sense Washington, D.C. 20005.e

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, February 28, 1979 The House met at 3 p.m. confess our past, when we have been self­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from The Chaplain, Rev. James David ish or arrogant, when we avoided Your Maryland will state his parliamentary Ford, B.D., offered the following prayer: guidance. Forgive us, 0 Lord, and help inquiry. Hear these words from Psalm 51: us to begin anew in the sure and cer­ Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, before Have mercy on us, O God, according to tain comfort of Your love. Amen. the gentleman from Maryland decides Thy stead/ ast love; according to Thy whether, under clause 1, rule I, he would like to ask for a vote on the approval of abundant mercy blot out our transgres­ PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY sions. Wash us thoroughly from our in­ the Journal, as that rule provides, could iquity, and cleanse us from our sin. Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have a the Chair tell us whether or not he will O God, Redeemer of the world, we parliamentary inquiry. entertain a motion for a call of the

·o This symbol represents the time of day during the House Proceedings, e.g., 0 1407 is 2:07 p.rn. • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor.