The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

Acceptance and Usage of the toponym, East Sea in Scientific and Popular Literature

Norman Z. Cherkis (Consultant, Five Oceans Consultants, U.S.A.)

Background:

Maritime toponyms refer to large bodies of water, parts of those large bodies of water, and undersea features. Many surface regions have been named for hundreds and sometimes thousands of years as in the case of the “East Sea.” The present-day international maritime community, including most governmental agencies however, has been using the term, “Sea of ,” exclusively for that body of water for most of the last 100 years or so.

The main reason for using Japanese terminology is because after Japan successfully annexed in the early 20th Century, the empire of Japan embarked on a campaign to systematically remove all vestiges of the Korean heritage, including the Korean language. This practice continued until the end of the Second World War, in 1945. After the cessation of hostilities the Korean nation was reinstated in the company of nations of the world and the Korean language was reestablished in the Republic of Korea. The new Korean national anthem has, as its first two words, “Dong Hae…” which translates at “East Sea.”

The use of the toponym, “East Sea” or, in Korean, “Dong Hae”can be traced back at least two millennia. At that time, ancient was dominant in the region and used the term East Sea to indicate that direction from their eastern coastline, and those that eluded destruction during informational “purges” of several Chinese emperors over the past 100 years are now housed in great historical libraries mostly located in China and Korea.. The History of the Three Kingdoms, Samguksagi), an ancient Korean writing dating to approximately 50 years Before the Common Era (BCE). Another reference to Dong Hae appears on a stele to King Gwanggaeto and dates to 414 of the Common Era.

The name East Sea was established long before Japan was even known to exist to the western world, for the mariners of the times seldom traveled very far from their home shores. The first western reference to the East Sea is attributed to a world map created in the 13th Century, outlining the travels of Giovanni di Plano Carpini in eastern and Central Asia between 1245 to 1247, C.E. That map is unfortunately lost, but a copy from ca.1434 is known to exist, and it presently resides at Yale University. (Fig. 1).

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Portion of the copy of the di Plano Carpini map of 1434. Maereum Orientale (East Sea) is clearly visible near the upper right portion of the land masses. (fig. 1)

The first written reference to the known to exist in western geographic materials goes to the time of a missionary-priest, Matteo Ricci. S.J., the founder of Catholic Missions in China after 1582 C.E, some 148 years after the copied di Plano Carpini map was published. Father Ricci possibly used the Carpini map, but used the name “Sea of Japan” in a 1602 document in which a map was included. A number of scholarly papers and monographs have been published regarding usage of the East Sea and the Sea of Japan, including variations thereof and arguments for which name should be used in the 21st Century, but these do need to be mentioned here. These arguments can be found in great detail by searching on the terms East Sea and Sea of Japan on Internet search engines. The arguments, most of which are nationalistic in nature were written mainly by Korean and Japanese authors, who wish to establish a proper toponym for the body of water between Korea and Japan. Some of these arguments have been particularly unflattering to the side with the opposing opinions, resulting in emotional interchanges, again, posted mostly on Internet blogs.

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Moving fast-forward toward the 21st Century, we must pause in the mid-20th Century because, as early as March, 1969, the National Geographic Society, an international geography and map publisher of great regard throughout the world, published a map of Korea on page 308 of an article that shows the name, East Sea used as an alternate name for the Sea of Japan. (Fig. 2).

© National Geographic Society, 1969 (fig. 2)

Indeed, in this earliest part of the 21st Century, ALL major producers of family, school and scholarly atlases, e.g., The Times Atlas, Rand-McNally World Atlas, Langenscheidt Publishers Atlas, Collins World Atlas, National Geographic World Atlas and many others, when publishing Roman-alphabet atlases all give equal importance to the body of water called the EAST SEA and the SEA OF JAPAN.

East Sea/Sea of Japan Toponyms

East Sea/Sea of Japan toponyms discussed here deal mainly with features completely OUTSIDE of the territorial limits of the nations that border the region, i.e., beyond 12

195 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names nautical miles from the shores of Korea, Japan and Russia.

Early 20th Century maps note the existence of the Korea/, that body of water that separates Korea and Japan and though which a branch of the oceanographically important Kuroshio Current flows northward. The Strait contains a Japanese island, Tsushima, hence it was given the name, Tsushima Strait a bit over 100 years ago, during the beginning of the Japanese colonial annexation of Korea. However, a significant number of western publications, dating from the middle 1850s, show it as , or the equivalent in other Indo-European tongues.

Tsushima Basin is a name applied to a more-or less-circular depression in the southwestern-most East Sea/Sea of Japan. According to IHO/IOC publication B-6 guidelines, “The first choice of a specific term, where feasible, should be one associated with a geographical feature: e.g., Aleutian Ridge, Aleutian Trench….” The nearest geographical feature to this depression is Ulleung-Do (Ulleung Island), and therefore, according to the IHO/IOC principles for naming undersea features, should be called Ulleung Basin because the basin is immediately adjacent to Ulleung-Do. However, since the name has been previously used in the scientific and geographic literature, and almost exclusively between 1910 and 1970 due to political events that will not be addressed here, Tsushima Basin should be retained as a variant name within gazetteers, or used concurrently with Ulleung Basin, as can be seen in the appended reference list.. .

Ulleung Plateau is the geological platform upon which the island of Ulleung-Do is situated. Still being investigated, more papers will, I am sure, be forthcoming.

During the 20th meeting of the GEBCO Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names (GEBCO-SCUFN), held in Monaco in June of 2007, the recently-formed Korean Committee on Undersea Feature Names (K-CUF) submitted ten (10) names for approval by he Sub-Committee. Those names are Anyongbok Seamount, Gangwon Plateau, Hupo Bank, Igyuwon Seamount, Kimmu Seamount, Onnuri Basin, Saenal Basin, Ulleung Plateau, Usan Escarpment and Usan Trough. Most of these features were recently discovered in the undisputed part of the East Sea / Sea of Japan by Korean research vessels. (fig. 3)

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(Fig. 3)

Locations of undersea toponyms. (From: Ocean Atlas of Korea |East Sea|; NORI, Republic of Korea, 2007)

All of the above names were approved by unanimous vote of the GEBCO Sub- Committee and will be placed in the GEBCO Gazetteer of Undersea Feature Names (IHO- IOC Publication, B-8), and Kang, Han, et al., (2007) have already described Anyongbok Seamount in a refereed scientific journal.

The 21st meeting of GEBCO-SCUFN was held in mid-May, 2008 on , Korea. At that meeting the Korean Committee on Undersea Feature Names (K-CUFN) proposed 8 undersea feature names, 4 of which are in the East Sea: Jugam Ridge, Ulsan Seachannel, Usan Ridge and Wangdol Reef. All of the names were approved by the GEBCO-SCUFN committee and presented to the Guiding Committee for final approval.

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The names will appear in the next version of the IHO-IOC Gazetteer of Undersea Feature Names—Publication B-8, and will be available on the IHO website.

Statistics:

In 2006, an extensive literature search of non-Korean-language publications was initiated, to locate print-media articles that support the Korean position: alternate names can be and have been used within the science community. At the time of this writing, 579 papers (listed in the appendix to this paper) have been located in published literature and governmental sources which support the position of using either alternate- or co-naming of features in the East Sea / Sea of Japan. ALL subaerial toponyms of the East Sea / Sea of Japan are too many to enumerate and are listed in national and international gazetteers. However, for relevance in this paper only, the subaerial toponyms have been limited to the following: East Sea/Sea of Japan and Korea Strait / Tsushima Strait.

Of the 579 papers,

469 contain the toponym, EAST SEA, in either the title or in the text.

128 contain the toponym, KOREA STRAIT , in either the title or in the text

Of those features that are entirely submerged in the East Sea / Sea of Japan, 125 contain the toponym, ULLEUNG BASIN , in either the title or in the text

9 contain the toponym, ULLEUNG [INTERPLAIN] GAP , in either the title or in the text

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15 contain the toponym, KOREA PLATEAU , in either the title or in the text

3 contain the toponym, ONNURI BASIN, in either the title or in the text

1 contains the toponym, ULLEUNG PLATEAU, in either the title or the text

1 contains the toponym, ANYONGBONG SEAMOUNT in both the title and the text

and one paper contained all of the following toponyms as well:

ULJIN FAN, JUKSAN SEAMOUNT CHAIN, ULLEUNG SEAMOUNT, HUPO BANK, HUPO BASIN.

Further, of the entire list of 580 references:

230 contain the names of non-Korean authors, and of those, 52 papers were by authors and/or co-authors who were employed by the U.S. government at the time of publication.

The United States Board on Geographic Names (USBGN), which is the official naming entity for all publications emanating from within all U.S. government agencies and departments, appears to be presently unaware of this fact. The de facto use of the dual names for the East Sea / Sea of Japan; Korea / Tsushima Strait; and Ulleung Basin / Tsushima Basin, as well as submerged toponyms, further supports the position that both names be used on future publications.

Finally, there are many more published papers in print with the names used by the community prior to 1980: Sea of Japan has been the prevailing name since 1910, as has Tsushima Strait. Both of these names were espoused by the western world during the Japanese colonial annexation period of 1910-1945.

Tsushima Basin however, is a relatively recent addition to international gazetteers, having been first introduced on Japanese Hydrographic INT charts in the late 1980s without prior notification or accession by the international hydrographic community. Prior to that time, it was not a well-defined undersea feature and was not, therefore, named. Japanese scientists have been working in and publishing learned papers about the region for at least 90 years. Rather than simply remove their work from gazetteers of modern toponyms (which is both unpalatable and unreasonable), it is most logical to use Korean and Japanese names equally and interchangeably when describing work in the East Sea / Sea of Japan, and that is, “Tsushima-Ulleung Basin” or “Ulleung-Tsushima Basin. “

NORMAN Z CHERKIS FIVE OCEANS CONSULTANTS 9459 RAITH COURT BRISTOW VA 20136-3505 USA

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ANNEX:

SEA SURFACE AND UNDERSEA FEATURE NAMES IN THE KOREA REGION

CITED REFERENCES

***(US Government employees are in red characters (and underlined) Names of all non-Korean authors are underlined Korean placenames are in bold characters

1. Ahn, M.-H., Sohn, E.-H., Hwang, B.-J., Chung, C.-Y., and Wu, X., 2006. Regression Coefficients for Sea Surface Temperature Retrieval over . Adv. Atmos. Sci. 23, 474-486. (East Sea noted in text.)

2. Ahn, Y.-H., Shanmugam, P., Chang, K.-I., Moon, J.-E. and Ryu, J.-H., 2005. Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Phytoplankton Blooms in Complex Ecosystems Off the Korean Coast from Satellite Ocean Color Observations. Oc. Sci. J. 40, 67-78. (East Sea noted in text).

3. Akulichev, V.A., Bezotvetrykh, V.V., Burenin, A.V., Vetrenko, E.A., Kamenov, S.I., Morgunov, Y.N., Polovinka, Y.A., and Strobykin, D.S., 2006. Remote Acoustic Sending Methods for Studies in Oceanology. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 105-111. (East Sea noted in text)

4. Akulichev, V.A., Bezotvetrykh, V.V., Kamenev, S.K., Kuzmin, E.V., Morgunov, Y.N. and Nuzhdenko, A.V., 2001. The Japan/East Sea Acoustic Experiment (JESAEX) Project: Acoustic tomography for coastal areas. Proc. Inst. Acoustics 23/2, 315-320.

5. Akulichev, V.A., Bezotvetrykh, V.V., Kamenev, S.K., Kuzmin, E.V., Morgunov, Y.N., Nuzhdenko, A.V and Penkin, S.I., 2000. Acoustohydrophysical Complex for Marine Tomographic Research. Instruments & Experimental Techniques 43, 829-832. (East Sea noted in text.)

6. An, H., Shim, K. and Shin-H.-R., 1994. On the warm eddies in the southwestern part of the East Sea (the Japan Sea). J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 29, 152-163

7. Anonymous, 1900. The National Geographic Magazine 10, Sept 1900. Map of North Eastern China (map supplement, plate 9). (Korea Strait shown on map)

8. Anonymous, 1904. The National Geographic Magazine 15/3, March 1904. Map of Korea and Manchuria (map supplement: (Korea Strait shown on map).

9. Anonymous, 1953The National Geographic Magazine 104/4, Oct. 1953. China Coast and Korea (map supplement): (Korea Strait shown on map).

10. Anonymous, 1993. An Oceanographic Study in the East Sea (the Sea of Japan). Korea and Russia cooperative Research 1993, 10, 280 pp

11. Aoki, K, and Isobe, A., 2007. Application of finite volume coastal ocean model to hindcasting the wind-induced sea-level variation in Bay. J. Oceanogr. 63, 333-339. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

12. Arruda, W.Z., Nof, D. and O’Brien, J.J., 2004. Does the Ulleung eddy owe it existence to β and nonlinearities? Deep Sea Res. Pt. 1, Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 51, 2073-2090. (East Sea noted in text.)

13. Ashjian, C.J., Davis, C.S., Gallager, S.M. and Alatalo, P., 2005. Characterization of the zooplankton community, size, composition and distribution in relation to hydrography in the Japan/East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr., 52, 1363-1392.

14. Bahk, J.J., 1982. Provenance of Turbidites in the Ulleung Back-Arc Basin, East Sea. M.S. Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 77pp.

15. Bahk, J.J., Chough, S.K. and Han, S.J., 2000. Origins and paleoceanographic significance of laminated muds from the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Geol. 162, 459-477.

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16. Bahk, J.J., Chough, S.K., Jeong, K.S. and Han, S.J., 2001. Sedimentary records of paleoenvironmental changes during the last deglaciation in the Ulleung Interplain Gap, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Global & Planetary Change 28, 241-253.

17. Bahk, J.J., Han, S.-J. and Khim, B.-K., 2004. Variations of terrigenous sediment supply to the southern slope of the Ulleung Basin, East/Japan Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum. Geosci. J. 8, 381-390.

18. Bahk, J.J., Lee, K.E., and Chough, S.K., 2005. Relative role of productivity vs. stagnation in dark laminated mud formation during the last 25,000 years in the Ulleung Basin, East/Japan Sea. Geosci. J. 9, 297-304.

19. Bahk, J.J., Lee, S.-H. Yoo, H.-S., Back, G.-G., and Chough, S.K., 2005. Late Quaternary sedimentary processes and variations in bottom-current activity in the Ulleung interplain gap, East Sea (Korea). Mar. Geol. 217, 119-142.

20. Bahk, K.S. and Chough, S.K., 1983. Provenance of Turbidites in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Back-Arc Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan); J. Sed. Petrol. 53, 1331-1336.

21. Bang, I., Choi, J.-K., Kantha, L, Horton, C., Cliford, M, Suk, M.-S., Chang, K.-I., Nam, S.Y. and Lie, J.-J., 1996. A hindcast experiment in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). La Mer 34, 108-130.

22. Barg, E.J., 1986. Cenozoic geohistory of the southeastern margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. [MSc thesis].Seoul, Korea, Seoul National Univ., 174 pp.

23. Belan, T.A. and Moschenko, A.A., 2005. Polychaete taxocenes variability associated with sediment pollution loading the Peter the Great Bay (the East Sea / Japan Sea. Ocean Sci. J. 40, 1-10.

24. Book, J.W., Pistek, P. Perkins, H.T., Thompson, A.R., Teague, W.J, Jacobs, G.A., Suk, M.-S., Chang, K.-I., Lee, J.-C. and Choi, B.H., 2004. Data Assimilation Modeling of Barotropic Tides in the Korea/Tsushima Strait. J. Oceanogr. 60, 977-993.

25. Boyd, J., 1995. Descriptive Physical Oceanography of the North Pacific, Sea of Japan (East Sea) and . Arctic Research of the United States (Proc. Japan-Russia-United States Study Group on Dumped Nuclear Waste in the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the North Pacific Ocean), 72-80.

26. Byun, S.-K. and Chang, K.-I, 1988. Tsushima current water at the entrance of the Korea Strait in autumn. Prog. Oceanogr. 21, 295-306.

27. Byun, S.-K. and Chang, S.D., 1984. Two branches of Tsushima Warm Current in the Western Channel of the Korea Strait. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 19, 200-209.

28. Byun, S.-K. and Kaneko, A., 1999. Structure and vorticity of the current observed across the western channel of the Korea Strait in September of 1987-1989. Ocean Res. 21, 99-108.

29. Cha, H.-J., Choi, M.S., Lee, C.-B. And Shin, D.-H., 2007. Geochemistry of surface sediments in the southwestern East/Japan Sea. J. Asian E. Sci. 29, 685-697. (Ulleung Basin, Ulleung Interplain Gap, Korea Plateau, Korea Strait noted in text.)

30. Cha, H.-J. Lee, C.-B, Kim, B.-S., Choi, M.-S., and Ruttenberg, K.C., 2005. Early diagenic redistribution and burial of phosphorus in the sediments of the southwestern East Sea (Japan Sea). Mar. Geol. 216, 127-143.

31. Chang, K.-I., Hogg, N., Suk, M.-S., Byun, S.-K. and Kim, K., 2002. Mean flow and variability in the southwestern East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I, 49, 2261-2279. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

32. Chang, K.-I., Kim, Y.-B., Suk, M.-S. and Byun, S.-K., 2002. Hydrography around Dokdo. Ocean & Polar Res. 24, 369-389. (East Sea noted in text).

33. Chang, K.-I, Teague, W.J., Lyu, S.J., Perkins, H.T., Lee, D.-K., Watts, D.R., K i m , Y. -B, Mitchell, D.A., Lee, C.M. and Kim, K., 2004. Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/ Japan Sea. Prog. In Oceanogr. 61, 105-156.

34. Chang, S.D., Lee, J.S. and Suh, J.M., 1988. Empirical orthogonal function analysis on the monthly variation of flow patterns in the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 21, 323-330.

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35. Chang, S.-J. and Baag, C.-E, 2005. Crustal Structure in Southern Korea from Joint Analysis of Teleseismic Receiver Functions and Surface-Wave Dispersion Bull. Seismol. So. America 95: 1516 - 1534. (East Sea noted in text.)

36. Chavtur, V.G., Shornikov, E.I., Lee, E.-H. and Hyu, M., 2007. Benthic ostracoda (Myodocopina, Philomedidae) of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) with description of a new species from the Korean Peninsula. Zootaxa (1531) 1-24,

37. Chen, C.-T. A., Andreev, A., Kim, K.-R. and Yamamoto, M., 2004. Roles of Continental Shelves and Marginal Seas in the Biogeochemical Cycles of the North Pacific Ocean. J. Oceanogr. 60, 17-44. (East Sea noted in text.)

38. Cheong, D., Whittle, G. and Kendall, C.G., St. C., 1999. Graphical simulation of clastic marine progradation: Ulleung Basin, offshore Korea. Geosci. J. 3, 63-73. (East Sea noted in text)

39. Chiba, S. and Saino, T., 2003. Variation in mesozooplankton community structure in the Japan/East Sea (1991-1999) with possible influence of the ENSO scale climatic variability. Prog. In Oceanogr. 57, 317-340.

40. Chiba, S.. Alta, M.N., Tadokoro, K., Saino, T., Sugisaki, H. and Nakata, K., 2008. From climate regime shifts to lower-trophic level phenology: Synthesis of recent progress in retrospective studies of the western North Pacific. Prog. Oceanogr. 77, 112-126. (East Sea noted in text).

41. Cho, H.-M., Kim, H.-J., Jou, H.-T., Hong, J.-K. and Baag, D.-E., 2004. Transition from rifted continental to oceanic crust at the southeastern Korean margin in the East Sea (Japan Sea). Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L07606, doi:10.1029/2003GL019107.

42. Cho, K.-D., Bang, T.-J., Shim, T.-B. and Byun, S.-K., Yu, H.-S., 1990. Three dimensional structure of the Ulleung Warm Lens. Bull. Korean Fisheries Soc. 23, 323-333. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

43. Cho, K.-H., Herrmann, R.B., Ammon, C.J. and Lee, K., 2007. Imaging the upper crust of the Korean Peninsula by surface-wave tomography. Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 97, 198-207. (East Sea, Korea Strait, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

44. Cho, Y.-K., and Kim, K., 1994. Two modes of salinity-minimum layer water in the Ulleung Basin. La Mer 32, 271-278. (East Sea noted in text.)

45. Cho, Y.-K., and Kim, K., 1996. Seasonal variation of the East Korea Warm Current and its relation with the cold water. La Mer 34, 103-11. (East Sea noted in text.)

46. Cho, Y. -K. and Kim, K., 1998. Structure of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water and its seasonal variation in 1991. Cont. Shelf Res. 18, 791-804. (East Sea noted in text.)

47. Cho, Y.-K. and Kim, K., 2000. Branching mechanism of the Tsushima Current in the Korea Strait. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30, 2788-2797. (East Sea noted in text.)

48. Cho, Y.-K., Kim, M.-O. and Kim, B.-C., 2000. Sea Fog around the Korean Peninsula. J. Appl. Meteorol. 39, 2473-2479. (East Sea noted in text).

49. Cho, Y.-S. and Lee, H.-J., 2002. Numerical simulations of 1983 central East Sea tsunami at Imwon, 1., Propagation across the East Sea. J. Korea Water Res. Assn. 35, 443-452.

50. Choi, B. and Jang, H., 2000. Hydrocarbon exploration in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Basin, offshore Korea and the recent gas discovery. Int. Conf. & Exhib. American Assn. Petrol. Geol. (Abstract), Bali, Oct. 15-18. (Publ. on CD).

51. Choi, B.-H., 1999. Digital Atlas for Neighboring Seas of Korean Peninsula. Laboratory for Coastal and Ocean Dynamics Studies, Sung Kyun University, CDROM. (East Sea noted in text.)

52. Choi, B-H., Kim, K.O. and Eum, H.M., 2002. Digital bathymetric and topographic data for neighbouring seas of Korea. J. Korean Soc. Coastal and Ocean Engineers 14, 41-50. (East Sea noted in text.

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53. Choi, B.-H., Pelinovsky, E., Lee, H.J. and Woo, S.B., 2005. Estimates of Tsunami Risk Zones on the Coasts Adjacent to the East (Japan) Sea Based on the Synthetic Catalogue. Natural Hazards 36, 355-381.

54. Choi, B.H., Pelinovsky, E. Hong, S.J., and Woo, S.B., 2003. Computation of tsunami in the East (Japan) Sea using dynamically interfaced nested model. Pure Appl. Geophys. 160, 1383-1414.

55. Choi, B.-J., Haidvogel, D.B. and Cho, Y.-K., 2004. Non-seasonal sea level variations in the Japan/East Sea from satellite altimeter data. J. Geophys. Res. 109, paper C12028.

56. Choi, D.H., Kim, H.M., Noh, J.-H. and Cho, B.C., 2007. Nocaroides marinus sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 775-779. (East Sea noted in text.).

57. Choi, D.H., Yang, S.R., Hong, G.H., Chung, C.S., Kim, S.H., Park, J.S. and Cho, B.C., 2005. Different interrelationships among phytoplankton, bacterial and environmental variables in dumping and reference areas in the East Sea. Aquatic Microbial Ecol. 41, 171-180.

58. Choi, D.K. and Chough, S.K., 2005. The Cambrian-Ordovician stratigraphy of the Taebaeksan Basin, Korea: a review. Geosci. J. 9, 187-214. (East Sea noted in text).

59. Choi, D.L. 1998. Seismic sequence stratigraphy in the South-western Margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Korean, J. Petrol. Geol. 6, 1-7.

60. Choi, D.L., Kim, S.R., Yoo, H.S., Suk, B.C, Jan, S.J. and Choi, J.H., 1989. Shallow Seismic Characteristics of the Continental Margin of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Ocean Research 11, 15- 27.

61. Choi, H.J., Byun, S.H., Lee, M.J. and Kang, C.-G., 2004. Investigation of the Latent Hazard of a Sunken Tanker, Kyung Shim, J. Oc. Sci. & Technol. 1, 63-72. (East Sea noted in text.)

62. Choi, J.C., Byun, S.H., Lee, M. and Kang, C.-G., 2004. Investigation of the Latent Hazard of a Sunken Tanker, Kyung Shin. J. Oc. Sci. & Technol. 1, 63-72. (East Sea noted in text).

63. Choi, J.-H., 1998. Evaluation of the accuracy of the new Primary Precise Geodetic Network in Korea. E. Planets Space 50, 629-634. (East Sea noted in text).

64. Choi, J.-H., Im, W.-T., Liu, O.-M., Yoo, J.-S., Shin, J.H., Rhee, S.-K. and Roh, D.-H., 2007. Planococus donghaensis sp. nov. a starch-degrading bacterium isolated form the East Sea, . Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 2646-2650.

65. Choi, J.W., and Koh, C.H., 1990. Distribution pattern of polychaete worms on the continental shelf and slope of the East Sea (South-western Sea of Japan), Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 25, 36-48.

66. Choi, K., Lee, C.I, Hwang, K., Kim, S.-W., Park, J.-H and Gong, Y., 2008. Distribution and migration of Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus, n the southwestern part of the East (Japan) Sea. Fish. Res. 91, 281-290,

67. Choi, P.-Y., 2006. ‘Singwang strike-slip duplex’ around the Pohang Basin, SE Korea: its structural evolution and role in opening and fill of the Miocene basin. Geosci. J. 10, 145-157. (East Sea noted in text).

68. Choi, P.-Y., Kwon, S.-K., Hwang, J.-H., Lee, S.R. and An, G.-O., 2001. Paleostress analysis of the Pohang-Ulsan area, Southeast Korea: tectonic sequence and timing of block rotation. Geosci. J. 5, 1-18. (East Sea noted in text).

69. Choi, S.D. and Chang, Y.S, 2006a. Carbon monoxide monitoring in Northeast Asia using MOPITT: Effects of biomass burning and regional pollution in April 2000. Atmos. Environ. 40, 686-689. (East Sea noted in text).

70. Choi, S.D. and Chang, Y.S., 2006b. Evaluation of carbon uptake and emissions by forests in Korea during the last thirty years (1973-2003. Environ. Monitoring and Assessment 117, 99-107. (East Sea noted in text).

71. Choi, Y., 1996. Open-ocean convection in the Japan (East) Sea. La Mer 34, 259-272.

72. Chough, S.K., 1982. Turbidites in the Ulleung (Tsushima) back-arc basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan), In: Hoshino, M. and Shibasaki, T, (eds) Sea. Tokai Univ. Press, 365-376. 203 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

73. Chough, S.K., 1984 Fine-grained turbidites and associated mass flow deposits in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan), In: Stow, D.A.V. and Piper, D.J.W. eds), Fine-grained sediments, Deep-Water Processes and Facies. Geol Soc. London Spec. Publ. 14, 185-196.

74. Chough, S.K. and Bahk, K.S., 1984. Deposition of muds in the Ulleung marginal Basin. Geo-Mar. Lett. 4, 235-241. (East Sea noted in text).

75. Chough, S.K. and Barg, E., 1987. Tectonic history of Ulleung basin margin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geology 15, 45-48.

76. Chough, S.K., and Lee, H.J., 1987. Stability of Sediments on the Ulleung Basin Slope. Mar. Geotechnol. 7, 123-132. (East Sea noted in text).

77. Chough, S.K., and Lee, K.E., 1992. Multi-stage volcanism in the Ulleung Back-arc Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). The Island Arc 1, 32-39.

78. Chough, S.K., Hwang, I.G. and Choi, M.Y. 1995. The Miocene Doumsan fan-delta, Southeast Korea; a composite fan-delta system in back-arc basin. J. Sed. Petrol. 60, 445-455. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

79. Chough, S.K., Jeong, K.S. and Honza, E., 1985. Zoned Facies of Mass-Flow Deposits in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Geol. 65, 113-125.

80. Chough, S.K., Kwon, S.-T., Ree, J.-H. and Choi, D.K., 2000. Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Korean peninsula: a review and new view. E. Sci. Rev. 52, 175-235. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

81. Chough, S.K., Lee, G.H., Park, B.K. and Kim, S.W., 1984. Fine Structures of Turbidite and Associated Muds in the Ulleung (Tsushima) Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Sed. Petrol. 54, 1212-1220.

82. Chough, S.K., Lee, H.-J. and Yoon, S.H., 2000. Marine Geology of Korean Seas. 2nd ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 313pp. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin, Korea Strait noted in text).

83. Chough, S.K., Lee, K.E., Chun, S.S. and Han J.H., 1989. The Ulleung Back-Arc Basin: Geological Outline and Petroleum Potential, Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica (AOT) 24, 1-22. (East Sea noted in text).

84. Chough, S.K., Lee, S.H., Kim, J.W., Park, S.C., Yoo, D.G., Han, H.S., Yoon, S.H., Oh, S.B., Kim, Y.B., and Back, G.G., 1997. Chirp (2-7kHz) echo characters in the Ulleung Basin Geosci. J. 1, 143-153. (East Sea noted in text).

85. Chough, S.K., Yoon, S.H. and Lee, H.J., 1991. Submarine Slides in the Eastern Continental Margin, Korea. Mar. Geotech. 10, 71-82. (East Sea noted in text).

86. Chough, S.K., Yoon, S.H. and Park, S.J., 1997. Stratal patterns in the southwestern margin of the Ulleung Basin off southeast Korea: sequence architecture controlled by back-arc tectonism. Geo- Mar. Lett. 17, 207-22. (East Sea noted in text.)

87. Chu, P.C., Chen, Y. and Lu, S., 1999. Japan/East Sea (JES) Subpolar Front meandering and eddy shedding in May 1995. Proc. CREAMS’99 Int. Symp. Fujuoka, Japan, 11-13.

88. Chu, P.C. and Fan, C.W.,2001. An Accuracy Progressive Sixth-Order Finite-difference Scheme. J. Atmos. And Oc. Technol. 18, 1245-1257. (East Sea noted in text).

89. Chu, P.C., Fang, C.-L. and Kim, C.S., 2005. Japan/East Sea model predictability. Cont. Shelf Res. 25, 2107-2121.

90. Chu, P.C., Guihua, W. and Chen, Y., 2002. Japan Sea Thermohaline Structure and Circulation. Part III: Autocorrelation Functions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 3596-3615. (East Sea noted in text).

91. Chu, P.C., Lan, J, and Fan, C.W., 2001a. Japan/East Sea thermohaline structure and circulation, Part 1: Climatology. J. of Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 244-271.

92. Chu. P.C., Lan, J. and Fan, C.W., 2001b. Japan/East Sea thermohaline structure and circulation, Part 2: A variational P-vector method. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 2886-2902.

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93. Chu, P.C., Lan, J. and Strauhs, H., 2000. A Numerical Simulation of the Japan/East Sea (JES) Seasonal Circulation. Estuarine & Coastal Modeling 6, 94-113.

94. Chu, P.C., Lu, S.H., Fan, C.W. and Kim, C.S., 2003. A numerical simulation on Japan/East Sea thermohaline structure and circulation. In: Lakhan, V.C., (ed.) Advances in Coastal Modeling v 67, Elsevier Oceanogr. Series.

95. Chun, J.-H., Cheong, D., Ikehara, K. and Han, S.-J., 2007. Age of the SKP-I and SKP-II tephras from the southern East Sea/Japan Sea: Implications for interstadial events recorded in sediment from marine isotope stages 3 and 4. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 247, 100-114. (Note: SKP=South Korea Plateau). (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

96. Chun, J.-H., Cheong, D.-K., Park, C.-H., Huh, S. and Han, S.-J., 2002. Geomorphology and volcanoclastic deposits around Dokdo; Dokdo Caldera. Oc. & Polar Res. 24, 483-490. (East Sea noted in text)

97. Chun, J.-H., Han, S.-J. and Cheong, D.-K., 1997. Tephrostratigraphy in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea: Late Pleistocene to Holocene. Geosci. J. 1, 154-166.

98. Chun, J.-H., Ikehara, K. and Han, S.J., 2004. Evidence in Ulleung Basin sediment cores for a termination II (Penultimate Deglaciation) eruption of the Aso-3 Tephra. Quat. Res. 43, 275-283.

99. Chun, S.S., Choe, M.Y. and Chough, S.K., 2002. Armored mudstone boulders in submarine debris- flow deposits, the Hunghae Formation, Pohang Basin: An evidence for the large-scale slumping of adjacent area of a submarine channel or scar wall. Geosci. J. 6,215-225. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text).

100. Chung, J.Y., 1975. Characteristics of stability and intensity of vertical transfer in the western channel of the Korea Strait. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 10, 67-75.

-1 101. Chung, T.-W. and Lee, K., 2003. A Study of High-Frequency Q LG in the Crust of South Korea. Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 93, 1401-1406. (East Sea noted in text.)

102. Chung, T.-W., Noh, M.H., Kim, J.-K., Park, Y.-K., Yoo, H.-J. and Lees, J.M., 2007. A study of the regional variation of low-frequency QLg-1 around the Korean Peninsula. Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 97, 2190-2197. (East Sea noted in text.)

-1 103. Chung, T.-W., Park, Y.-K., Kang, I.B. and Lee, K, 2005. Crustal Q LG in South Korea Using the Source Pair/Receiver Pair Method. Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 95, 512-520. (East Sea noted in text.)

104. Chung, Y.S., Kim., H.S., Han, K.Y. and Jugder, D., 2003. On East Asian Sand and Duststorms and Associated Significant Dustfall Observed from January to May 2001. Water, Air and Soil Poll: Focus 3, 259-277. (East Sea noted in text.)

105. Cigna, A.A., 2006. Forty Years of Anthropogenic Radionuclides in Surface Seawater. Italian and Japanese Data. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 261-290. (East Sea noted in text).

106. Debes, E., (ed.) 1895. Ost-Asien-Nr. 44 (map). Neuer Handatlas über alle teile der Erde in 59 Haupt- und 120 Nebenkarten mit alphabetischen Namenverzeichenissen, H. Wagner & E. Debes, Leipzig. (Korea Strasse [Korea Strait] noted on map).

107. Defense Mapping Agency, 1984, Nautical Chart, 8th Ed. Oct. 6, 1984: Jugbyeon-Man to Suwŏn-Dan, Asia, Sea of Japan, South Korea, -East Coast. DMA Chart No. 95180, Scale 1:274,700, DMAHTC, Washington DC 20315-0030. Tok-To (Dok-Do) noted on chart).

108. Deguchi, T., Watanuki, Y., Nizuma, Y. and Nakata, A., 2004. Interannual variations of the occurrence of epipelagic fish in the diets of seabirds breeding on Teuri Island, northern , Japan. Prog. Oceanogr. 61, 267-275. (East Sea noted in text.)

109. Dorman, E.E., Beardsley, R.C., Limeburner, R., Varlamov, S.M., Carusa, M. and Dashko, N.A., 2005. Summer atmospheric conditions over the Japan/East Sea. Deep Sea Res.II-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1393-1420.

110. Emery, K.O., and Niino, H., 1968. Stratigraphy and Petroleum Prospects of Korea Strait and the . United Nations ECAFE, CCOP Tech. Bull 1, 13-27.

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111. Emery, K.O. and Niino, H., 1976. Stratigraphy and Petroleum Prospects of Korea Strait and the East China Sea. Rept. of Geophys. Exp. 1/1, Geol. Surv. Korea.

112. Fang, C.L., 2003. Predictability of Japan/East Sea (JES) system to uncertain initial/lateral boundary conditions and surface winds. M.S., Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, 79pp.

113. Fang, G. and Yang, J., 1988. Modeling and prediction of tidal currents in the Korea Strait. Progr. Oceanogr. 21, 307-318.

114. Fang, G. and Zhao, B., 1988. A note on the main forcing of the northeastward flowing current off the Southeast China Coast. Progr. Oceanogr. 21, 363-372. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

115. Filatova, N.I., 2004. Underplating as a cause of the volcanic margin formation during marginal sea spreading. Doklady E. Sci. 398, 913-917. (Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

116. Filatova, N.I. and Novotryasov, V. 2007. On a spectrum of nonlinear internal waves in the oceanic coastic zone. Non-Linear Proc. In Geophys. 14, 757-767. (East Sea noted in text.)

117. Fisher, M.A., and Yenne, K.A., 1981. Petroleum geology of the continental shelf beneath the East China Sea and the Korea Strait. In: Republic of Korea/United States cooperative energy assessment, Vol. III, Ref. Rpts. Pt. 1 of 3, Energy resources in the Republic of Korea, B1-B18.

118. Fox, D.N., Teague, W.J., Barron, C.N., Carnes, M.R. and Lee, C.M., 2002. The Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS). J. Atmos. And Oc. Technol. 19, 240-252. (East Sea noted in text).

119. Froldi, G., Varani, K., Chinellato, A., Ragazzi, E., Caparotta, L., Borea, P.A., Kang, D.-J., Chang, S.C., Suk, H.K., Kim, K.-R. and Gi, H.H., 1997. Distribution of 137CS and 239,240Pu in the Surface Waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Poll. Bull., 35, 305-312

120. Furey, H.H. and Bower, A.S., 2005. Synoptic temperature structure of the East China and southeastern Japan/East Seas. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1421-1442.

121. Gao, F., Lin, H., Shen, B., and Fu, G., 2007. A heavy sea fog event over the in march 2005: Analysis and numerical modeling. Adv. Atmosph. Sci. 24, 65-81. (East Sea noted in text.)

122. Gardner, J.M., Shor, A.N. and Jung, W.Y., 2004. Acoustic imagery evidence for methane hydrates in the Ulleung Basin. (East Sea noted in text). Mar. Geophys. Res. 20, 495-503.

123. Gich, F., Overmann, J. 2006. Sandarakinorhabdus limnophilia gen. nov., sp. nov.; a novel bacteriochlorophyll A-containing, obligately aerobic bacterium isolated from freshwater lakes Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56, 847-854. (East Sea noted in text.)

124. Golozubov, V.V., Miklovda, S.V., Lee, D.-W., Pavlyutkin, B. I. and Kasatkin, S.A., 2007. Dynamics of the formation of the Cenozoic Uglovsky basin (Southern Primorye). Russian J. of Pacific Geol. 1, 324-334. (East Sea noted in text.)

125. Gong, Y. and Park, C.G., 1969. On the oceanographical character of the low temperature region in the eastern sea of Korea. Bull. Fish. Res. Dev. Agency, Korea, 4, 69-91.

126. Gordon, A.L. and Guilivi, C.F., 2004. Pacific decadal oscillation and sea level in the Japan / East Sea. Deep Sea Res. Pt. 1: Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 51, 653-663.

127. Gordon, A.L., Giulivi, C.F., Lee, C.M. Furey, H.H., Bower, A, and Talley, L., 2002. Japan/East Sea Intrathermocline Eddies. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 1960-1974.

128. Gould, R. and Arnone, R., 2004. Temporal and spatial variability of satellite sea surface temperature and ocean colour in the Japan/East Sea. Intl. J. Remote Sensing 25, 1377-1382

129. Hahm, D. and Kim, K.-R., 2008. Observations of bottom water renewal and export production in the Japan Basin, East Sea using tritium and helium isotopes. Oc. Sci. J. 43, 39-48.

130. Han, I.-S., and Kang, Y.-Q., 2003. Supply of Heat by Tsushima Warm Current in the East Sea (Japan Sea). Jour. Oceanogr. 59, 317-323.

131. Han, J.K., Park, C.H., Hong, J.K. and Jou, H.T., 1994. A seismic experiment in the Ulleung Basin (Tsushima basin), southwestern Japan Sea (East Sea of Korea). Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1975.

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132. Han., S.-J., 1979. Clay minerals in Recent sediments of the Korea Strait. Oc. Res. 1, 23-37.

133. Han, S.-J., Hyun, S., Huh, S. and Chun, J.-W., 2002. A Geochemical Boundary in the East Sea (Sea of Japan): Implications for the Paleoclimatic Record. Oc. Polar Res. 24, 167-175. (Korea Strait noted in text).

134. Han, S.-J., Kim, S.H., Han, J.W., et al., 1997. Paleoenvironments near Ulleung and Dok Islands in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea. Ocean Res., 19., 71-90. (Ulleung Interplain Gap noted in text).

135. Han, S.-J., Woo, H.J., Kim, H.-J, Kim, S.-H., Kim,. S.-R., Lee, H.J., Park, C.-H., Huh, S. and Hong, G.-H., 1996. The evolution and paleoenvironment of the Korea Plateau and the Onnuri Basin, East Sea of Korea. Oc. Res. 18, 109-125. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

136. Hanagata, S., 2007. Historical changes in the Pliocene foraminiferal fauna in the Japan Sea oil-field region and it paleoceanographic implications. Fossils 82, 29-34. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

137. Hassenstein, B. and Petermann, A., 1858. Die Aufnahmen and der Süd Küste der Mandschurei durch Bouchez im Jahre 1852, May, Wilder, Johnson und Jones in J. 1855 (map), 1:930.000. In: Petermann, A. (ed.), Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes’ Geographischer Anstalt über Wichtige Neue Erforschungen auf Dem Gesammtbebiete der Geographie, Tafel 6. (Strasse von Korea [Korea Strait] noted on map) (In German).

138. Hirose, K., 2005. Least-squares estimation of bottom topography using horizontal velocity measurements in the Tsushima/Korea Straits. J. Oceanogr. 61, 789-794.

139. Hirose, K., Amano, H., Baxter, M.S., Chaykovskaya, E., Chumichev, V.B., Hong, G.-H., Isogai, K, Kim, C.-K., Kim, S.-H., Miyao, T., Morimoto, T., Kikitin, A., Oda, K., Veletova, N.K. et al., 1999. Anthropogenic radionuclides in seawater in the East Sea (Sea of Japan): Results of the first-stage Japanese-Korean-Russian expedition. J. Environ. Radioact. 43, 1-13.

140. Hirose, K.Y., Igarashi and M. Aoyama, 2007. Recent trends of plutonium fallout in Japan: Comparison with natural lithogenic radionuclides, thorium isotopes. J. Radioanal. Nuc. Chem. 273, 115-118. (East Sea noted in text.)

141. Hogan, P.J. and Hurlburt, H.E., 1999. Impact of different Wind Forcing on Circulation in the Japan / East Sea. Proc. CREAMS’99 (Circulation Research of the East Asian Marginal Seas) International Symposium., 26-28 January 1999, Fukuoka, Japan. 4pp.

142. Hogan, P.J. and Hurlburt, H.E., 2000a. Impact of upper ocean-topographical coupling and isopycnal outcropping in Japan/East Sea models with 1/8 to 1/64 resolution. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30, 2535- 2561.

143. Hogan, P.J. and Hurlburt, H.E., 2000b. Modeled surface circulation in the Japan/East Sea: Impact of using different climatological wind forcing sets. Proc. Int. Conf. on Coastal Ocean and Semi- Enclosed Seas: Circulation and Ecology Modeling and Monitoring, Moscow, Russia, 57-60.

144. Hogan, P.J. and Hurlburt, H. E., 2005. Sensitivity of simulated circulation dynamics to the choice of surface wind forcing in the Japan/East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1464-1489.

145. Hong, C.-H. and Yoon, J.-H., 2003. A three-dimensional numerical simulation of Holly in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 108, C8, 3282, doi:10.1029/2002JC001563, 2003. (East Sea, Korea Strait noted in text).

146. Hong, C.-H., Cho, K.-D. and Kim, H.-J. 2001. The relationship between ENSO events and sea surface temperature in the East/Japan Sea. Prog. Oceanogr. 49, 21-40.

147. Hong, C.-H., Cho, K.-D., and Yang, S.K., 1984. On the abnormal cooling phenomenon in the coastal area of the East Sea of Korea in summer, 1981. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 19, 11-17.

148. Hong, G.-H., Baskaran, M., Lee, H.-K. and Kim, S.-H., 2008. Sinking fluxes of particulate U-Th radionuclides in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. 64, 267-276.

149. Hong, G.-H. and Chen, C.-T. A., 2002. Aragonite pteropod flux in the interior of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Terri. Atmos. Oc. Sci. 13, 205-210.

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150. Hong, G.,-H., Choe, S.M., Suk, M.-S., Na, J.-Y., Chin, C., Cung, C.S. and Kim, S.-H., 1997. Annual biogenic particle fluxes to the interior of the East./Japan Sea, a large marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific. In: Biogeochemical Processes in the North Pacific, ed. By Tsunogail, S., 1997, Mar. Sci. Found. Tokyo.

151. Hong, G.-H., Kim, S.H., Chung, C.S., Kang., D.J., Shin, D.-H., Lee, H.J. and Han, S.-J., 1997. 210Pb- derived sediment accumulation rates in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geo-Mar. Lett. 17, 126-132. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

152. Hong, G.-H., Kim, S.-H., Lee, S.-H., Chung, C.-S., Chaykovskay, A.V., Hamilton, E.L., et. al., 1999. Artificial Radionuclides in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) Proper and Peter the Great Bay. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 38, 933-943.

153. Hong, G.-H., Kim, Y.-I., Baskaran, M., Kim, S.-H. and Chung, K.-S, 2008. Distribution of Po-210 and export of organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. 64, 277-282.

154. Hong, G.-H., Lee, S.-H., Chung, S.-H., Chang S., Baskaran, M. and Povinee, P.P., 1998. Sediment fluxes of 90Sr., 137Cs, 239,240Pu and 210Pb in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Sci. of the Total Environ. 237-238, 225-240.

155. Hong, S. and Dong, H., 1970. Drift bottle experiments in the Korea Strait in 1966-1969. The Kuroshio-2 Proc., 2nd CSK Symp. Tokyo. Tokyo Univ. Press, 69-70.

156. Hong, T.-K., Baag, C.-E., Choi, H. and Sheen, D.-H., 2008. Regional seismic observations of the 9 October 2006 underground nuclear explosion in North Korea and the influence of crustal structure on regional phases. J. Geophys. Res. B.: Solid Earth 113, art. No. B03305.. (East Sea noted in text).

157. Hoots, R.E., 1980. Results and Methods use to Determine the Acoustic Properties of the Southeast Asian Margins. In: Kuperman, W.A. and Jensen, F.B., (eds.): Bottom-Interacting Ocean Acoustics— Proc. NATO Conf., NATO SCLANT ASW Res. Ctr., La Spezia, Italy, June 9-12, 1980. Plenum Press, New York, 99-109. (Korea Straits noted in text).

158. Hue, J.S., 1967. Distribution of zooplankton in the adjacent sea of East Korea in August 1965. Bull. Fish. Res. Dev. Agcy. N1, 7-62.

159. Huh, O.K., 1982. Satellite Observations and the Annual Cycle of Surface Circulation in the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and Korea Strait; La Mer 20, 210-222.

160. Hwang, B.-H., Son, M., Yang, K., Yoon, J., Ernst, W.G., 2008. Tectonic evolution of the Gyeongsang Basin, southeastern Korea from 140 Ma to the present, based on a strike-slip and block rotation tectonic model. Int. Geol. Rev. 50., 343-363. (East Sea noted in text.)

161. Hwang, S.C., Jun, H.K. and Ham, S.H., 1986. Note on the deep sea mooring of current meters in the East Sea in 1986. Oc. Res. 8, 63-74.

162. Hyun, S., Bahk, J.J., Suk, B.-C. and Park, Park, B.-K., 2007. Alternative modes of Quaternary pelagic biosiliceous and carbonate sedimentation: a perspective from the East Sea (Japan Sea). Palaeogeog., Palaeoceanog., Palaeoecol. 247, 88-99. (Korea Plateau, Korea Strait, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

163. Hyun, S., Huh, S. and Han, S.-J., 2001. Last Glacial Maximum-Holocene variability in the geochemical records of a core sediment from the southern part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea: implications for paleoceanographic changes. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 6, 71-80.

164. Inoue, E., 1982. Geological problems on cretaceous and tertiary rocks in and around Tsushima- Korean Strait. UN ECOSOC for Asia and the Pacific, Committee for Coord. Joint Prospecting for Min. Res. In Asian Offshore Areas. Tech. Bull 15, 86-121.

165. Inoue, M., Tanaka, K, Kofuji, H., Nakano, Y. and Komura, K., 2007. Seasonal variation in the 228Ra/226Ra ration of coastal water within the Sea of Japan: Implications for the origin and circulations of the Tsushima Coastal Branch Current. Mar. Chem. 107, 559-568. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

166. Isobe, A., 1994. Seasonal variability of the barotropic motion in the Tsushima-Korea Strait. J. Oceanogr. 50, 223-238.

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167. Isobe, A., 1997. The determinant of the volume transport distribution of the Tsushima Warm Current around the Tsushima/Korea Straits. Cont., Shelf Res. 17, 319-336.

168. Isobe, A., 1999. On the origin of the Tsushima Warm Current and its seasonality. Cont. Shelf Res. 19, 117-133. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

169. Isobe, A., Tawara, S., Kaneko, A. and Kawano, M., 1994. Seasonal variability in the Tsushima Warm Current, Tsushima-Korea Strait. Cont. Shelf Res. 14, 23-25.

170. Isobe, A., Ando, M., Watanabe, T., Senjyu, T., Sugihara, S. and Manda, A., 2002. Freshwater and temperature transports through the Tsushima-Korea Straits. J. Geophys. Res. 107, (C7), Art. No. 3065Jul2002.

171. Isoda, Y., and Saitoh, S.-I., 1993. The northward intruding eddy along the East coast of Korea. J. Oceanogr. 49, 49, 443-458. (Korea Strait, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

172. Isoguchi, G. and Kawamura, H., 2007. Coastal wind jets flowing into the Tsushima Strait and their effect on wind-wave development. J. Atmos. Sci. 64, 564-578. (Korea Strait note in text.)

173. Itaki, T., Komatsu, N. and Motoyama, T., 2007. Orbital-and millennial-scale changes of radiolarian assemblages during the last 220 years in the Japan Sea. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 247, 115-130. (East Sea noted in text)

174. Ito, T., Aramaki, T., Kitamura, T. Otosaka, S. Suzuki, T., Togawa, O., Kobayashi, T., Senjyu, T., Chaykovskaya, E.L., Karasev, E.V., Lishavskaya, T.S., Novichkov, V.P., Tkalin, A.V., Shcherbinin, A/\.F. and Volkov, V.N., 2003. Anthropogenic radionuclides in the Japan Sea: their distributions and transport processes. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 68, 249-267. (East Sea noted in text.)

175. Ito, T., Povinec, P.P., Togawa, O. and Hirose, K., 2003. Temporal and spatial variations of anthropogenic radionuclides in Japan Sea waters. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 50, 2701-2711. (East Sea noted in text.)

176. Jacobs, G.A., Book, J.W., Perkins, H.T., and Teague, W.J., 2001. Inertial oscillations in the Korea Strait. J. Geophys. Res. 106. 26943-26957.

177. Jacobs, G.A., Hogan, P.J. and Whitmer, K.R. 1999. Effects of Eddy Variability on the Circulation of the Japan/East Sea. J. Oceanogr. 55, 247-256.

178. Jacobs, G.A., Ko, D.S., Ngodock, H., Preller, R.H. and Riedlinger, S.K., 2005. Synoptic forcing of the Korea Strait transport. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1490-1504. (East Sea noted in text.

179. Jacobs, G.A., Perkins, H.T., Teague, W.J. and Hogan, P.J., 2001. Summer transport through the Tsushima/Korea Straits. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 6917-6929.

180. Jenkins, Willilam. J., 2008. The biogeochemical consequences of changing ventilation in the Japan/East Sea. Mar. Chem. 108, 137-147.

181. Jeong, K.S., 1983. Mass Flow Deposits in the Ulleung Basin¸ East Sea. M.S. Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 122pp.

182. Jin, S., Park, P.-H. and Zhu, W., 2007. Micro-plate tectonics and kinematics in Northeast Asia inferred from a dense set of GPS observations. E. Planet. Sci. Lett. 257, 486-496. (East Sea noted in text.).

183. Johnson, D.R. and Teague, W.J., 2002. Observations of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water. Cont. Shelf. Res. 22, 821-831.

184. Joo, Y.J., Lee, Y.I. and Hisada, K.-I., 2007. Provenance of Jurassic accretionary complex: Mino terrane, inner zone of south-west Japan—implications for palaeogeography of eastern Asia. Sedimentol. 54, 515-543. (East Sea noted in text.)

185. Jun, K.O. and Park, C.K., 1969. Studies on the chlorophyll in the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Fish. Res. Dev. Agcy N4, 27-43.

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186. Kaneko, A., Byun, S.K., Chang, S.D. and Takahashi, 1991. An Observation of Sectional Velocity Structures and Transport of the Tsushima Current Across the Korea Strait. In: Takano, K. (ed), Oceanography of Asian Marginal Seas, Elsevier Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 175-195.

187. Kang, D. and Na, J., 1994. Comparison of the temperature profile with the back-scattering strength by the ADCP data in the south-western part of the East Sea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 29, 287-295.

188. Kang, D.-J., Chung, C.-S., Kim, S.-H., Kim, K.-R. and Hong, G.-H., 1997. Distribution of super(137)Cs and super(239,240)Pu in the surface waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Poll. Bull. 35, 305-312.

189. Kang, D.-J, Kim, J.-Y., Lee, T. and Kim, K.-R., 2004. Will the Japan/East Sea become an anoxic sea in the next century? Mar. Chem. 91, 77-84. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

190. Kang, D.-J., Kim, K. and Kim, K.-R., 2004. The Past, Present, and Future of the East/Japan Sea in Change: a simple moving-boundary box model approach. Prog. Oceanogr. 61, 157-174.

191. Kang, D.-J., Lee, K-E. and Kim, K.R., 2003. Recent developments in chemical oceanography of the East (Japan) Sea with an emphasis on CREAMS findings: A review. Geosci. J. 7, 179-197. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

192. Kang, J.H., Kim, W.S., Chang, K.I. and Noh, J.H., 2004. Distribution of plankton related to the mesoscale physical structure within the surface mixed layer in the southwestern East Sea, Korea. J. Plankton Res. 26, 1515-1528.

193. Kang, J.S., 2006. Analysis on the development trends of capture fisheries in North-East Asia and the policy and management implications for regional co-operation. Oc. Coastal Mgmt. 49, 42-67. (East Sea noted in text.).

194. Kang, H.-S., 2001. Simulations of convection/ventilation and diagnoses of water mass Subduction/formation/transformation in the Japan/East Sea (JES): impact of atmospherics forcing with differ5net time-space scales. PhD Dissertation and Univ. Miami Tech. Rpt. No. RSMAS-201-02, Dec. 2001, 225 pp.

195. Kang, H.-S. and Mooers, C.N.K., 2005. Diagnoses of simulated water-mass subduction/formation/transformation in the Japan/East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1505-1546.

196. Kang, M.H., Han, H.-C., Yen, H., Kong, G.S., Kin, K.O. and Lee, Y.S., 2007. 3D gravity modeling for Anyongbok Seamount in the East Sea. Mar. Geophys. Res. 28, 257-269.doi:10.1007/s11001-007- 9030-9. (Ulleung Basin, Ulleung Plateau noted in text.)

197. Kang, S., Kim, S. and Bae, S.-W., 2000. Changes in ecosystem components induced by climate variability off the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula during 1960-1990. Prog. Oceanogr. 47, 205- 222. (East Sea noted in text).

198. Kang, S.K., Cherniawsky, J.Y., Foreman, M.G.G., Min, H.S., Kim, C.-H. and Kang, H.-W., 2006. Patterns of recent sea level rise in the East/Japan Sea from satellite altimetry and in situ data. J. Geophys. Res. 111 (C7), Art. No. C07006/Jul 4 2006.

199. Kang, S.K., Chung, J.-Y., Lee, S.-R. and Yum, K.-D., 1995. Seasonal variability of the M2 tide in the seas adjacent to Korea. Cont. Shelf Res. 15, 1087-1113. (Korea Strait, East Sea noted in text.)

200. Kang, T.-S. and Baag, C.-E., 2004. The 29 May 2004, Mw=5.1, offshore Uljin earthquake, Korea. Geosci. J. 8, 115-123. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin, Uljin Deep Sea Fan, Onnuri Basin, Juksan Seamount Chain, Ulleung Seamount, Dok Seamount all noted in text).

201. Kang, T.-S. and Shin, J.S., 2006. The offshore Uljin, Korea, earthquake sequence of April 2006: seismogenesis in the western margin of the Ulleung Basin. Geosci. J. 10, 159-164. (East Sea noted in text).

202. Kang, Y.Q., 1984. Atmospheric and oceanic factors affecting the air-sea interactions in the East Sea (Japan Sea). J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 19, 163-171.

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203. Kang, Y.Q. and Choi, S.W., 1987. Objective interpolation of the M2 tide in the East Sea. Bull. Korean. Fish. Soc. 20, 477-483. 204. Kang, Y.Q. and Choi, S.W., 1988. Fluctuations of coastal water temperatures along Korean and Japanese coasts in the East Sea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 21, 351-360.

205. Kang, Y.Q. and Jin, M.S. 1984. Seasonal variation of surface temperatures in the neighbouring seas of Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 19, 31-35. (East Sea noted in text.)

206. Kang, Y.Q. and Lee, B.D., 1984. Year-to-year fluctuations of seasonal variation of surface temperature in the Korea Strait. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 17, 557-565.

207. Kang, Y.S., Kim, J.Y., Kim, H.G. and Park, J.H., 2002. Long-term changes in zooplankton and its relationship with squid, Todarodes pacificus, catch in Japan/East Sea. Fisheries Oceanogr. 11, 337- 346.

208. Kara, A.B. and Hurlburt, H.E., 2006. Daily inter-annual simulations of SST and MLD using atmospherically forced OGCMs.: Model evaluation in comparison to buoy time-series. J. Mar. Sys. 62, 1-2. (East Sea noted in text.)

209. Kartavtsev, Y.P., Park, T.-J., Vinnikov, K.A., Ivankov, V.N., Sharina, S.N., and Lee, J.-S., 2007. Cytochrome b (Cyb b) gebe sequence analysis in six flatfish species (Teleostei Pleuronectidae) with phylogenetic and taxonomic insights. Mar. Biol. 152, 757-773. (East Sea noted in text.)

210. Kato, H., Isezaki, N, Park, C.H., Kim, C.H., Nakanishi, M., 2007. Characteristics of crustal magnetic structures in the Tsushima (Ulleung) and Japan Basins from vector magnetic anomalies. Earth, Planets, Space 59, 887-895.

211. Keane, A.H., 1896. Asia vol. 1: Northern and Eastern Sea. Stanford’s Compendium of Geography and Travel (New Issue). London: Edward Stanford. (Maps facing p. 1, facing p.44: Korea Strait; .45; facing p.514: Korean Strait; Strait of Korea p. 445).

212. Kee, S.M., and Kim, J.W., 2003. 2-D flexural analysis of the Ulleung back-arc basin, East Sea; Sea of Japan. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica (TAO) 14, 431-444.

213. Khelif, D., Friehe, C.A., Jonsson, H.,, Wang, Q. and Rados, K., 2005. Wintertime boundary-layer structure and air-sea interaction over the Japan / East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1535-1546.

214. Kim, B.-K., Bahk, J.J., Hyun, S. and Lee, G.-H., 2007. Late Pleistocene dark laminated mud layers from the Korea Plateau, western East Sea/Japan Sea, and their paleoceanographic implications. Palaeogeog., Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol. 247, 74-87.

215. Khim, B.-K., Park, Y.H., Bahk, J.J., Jin, J.-H. and Lee, G.-H., 2008. Spatial and temporal variation of geochemical properties and paleoceanographic implications in the South Korea Plateau (East Sea) during the late Quaternary. Quatern. Int. 176-177, 46-61.

216. Khim, B.-K.,Ikehara, K., Bahk, J.J. and Irino, T., 2008. Increased negative anomalies of sedimentary organic matter δ13C and δ15N values in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) during the full glaciation of the late Quaternary. Quat. Res. 176-177, 25-35. (Korea Plateau, Ulleung Basin noted in text).

217. Khim, B.-K., K. Ikehara and Y. Shin, 2005. Unstable Holocene climate in the northeastern East Sea (Sea of Japan); evidence from a diatom record. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 216, 251- 265.

218. Khim, B.-K., Woo, K.S. and Sohn, Y.K., 2007. Distinct sedimentary processes reflected in the isotopic signatures of dolomite concretions in the Miocene Pohang Basin (southwestern East Sea). J. Asian E. Sci. 29, 939-946.

219. Kim, B.-O., and Cho, H.-Y., 2005. Image Processing for Video Images of Buoy Motion. (East Sea noted in text). Oc. Sci., J. 40, 213-330.

220. Kim, C.-H., 1996. A numerical experiment study on the circulation of the Japan Sea (East Sea) PhD Dissertation, Kyushu Univ. Japan. 151 pp.

221. Kim, C.-H. and Choi, B.-H., 1986. Monthly wind stress and wind stress curl distributions in the Eastern Sea (Japan Sea). J. Korean Assn. Hydr. Sci. 19, 239-248.

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222. Kim, C.-H. and Yoon, J.-H., 1999. A numerical modeling of the upper and the intermediate layer circulation in the East Sea. J. Oceanogr. 55, 327-345. 223. Kim, C.-H., Lie, H.-J. and Chu, K.-S., 1991. On the intermediate water in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan). In: Ichiye, T., (ed.), Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas, Amsterdam. Elsevier, 55-65.

224. Kim, C-.H., Lie, H.-J. and Kim, K.-S., 1991. On the Intermediate Water in the Southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan). In: Takano, K. (ed), Oceanography of Asian Marginal Seas, Elsevier Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 129-141.

225. Kim, C.-H., Park, C.-H., Min, K.-D., Han, H.C., Kwon, M.-S., Shim, J.-S., Choi, S.-H. and Oh, S.-B., 2002. A study on the structure and origin of the Dokdo and its surroundings in the East Sea (Japan Sea) using magnetic anomalies. Oc. & Polar Res. 24, 491-500.

226. Kim, C.K., Kim, C.S., Chang, B.U., Choi, S.W., Chung, C.S., Hong, G.-H., Hirose, K and Igarashi, Y,, 2004. Plutonium isotopes in seas around the Korean Peninsula (East Sea in text.) The Sci. of the Total Environ. 318, 197-209.

227. Kim, C.K., Kim, C.S., Chang, B.U., Choi, S.W., Chung, C.S., Hong, G.-H., Hirose, K and Pettersson, H.B.L., 2003. 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios in the bottom sediments of the NW Pacific Ocean. J. Radioanalytical and Nucl. Chem. 258, 265-268. (East Sea noted in text).

228. Kim, C.S., 1976. Petroleum potential of Korean offshore. AAPG Mem. 25, 261-267. (East Sea noted in text).

229. Kim, C.S., 1981. Submarine geology of continental margin of the East Sea, Korea [PhD thesis], Seoul, Korea, Seoul National Univ. 81 pp.

230. Kim, C.S., 1984. Submarine Geology of the Continental Margin off the East Coast of Korea. In: Park, Y.A., Pilkey, O.H and Kim, S.W., (eds), Marine Geology and Physical Processes of the Yellow Sea, Proc. of Korea-US Seminar and Workshop, Seoul, Korea, June 19-23, 1984, 137-154. (East Sea noted in text).

231. Kim, C.-W., Kim, C. Byun, S.-K., Jeon, D. and Hwang, S.-C., 2006. Southwestward Intrusion of Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water Observed in 2003 and 2004. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 291-299. (East Sea noted in text).

232. Kim, D.-C., Lee, G.-H., Jim, G.-Y., Kim, S.-K., Jim, J.-C., Park, S.C. and Wilkens, R., 2004. Distribution and acoustic characteristics of shallow gas in the Korea Strait shelf mud off SE Korea. Mar. Geores. & Geotechnol. 22, 21-31.

233. Kim, G.Y. and Kim, D.C., 2001. Comparison and correlation of physical properties from the plain and slope sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Asian E. Sci. 19, 669-681.

234. Kim, G.-Y. and Kim, K., 1999. Intermediate Waters in the East/Japan Sea. J. Oceanogr. 55, 123-132.

235. Kim, G.-Y., Kim, D.C., Park, S.-C. and Lee, G.H., 1999. Chirp (2-7 kHz) echo characters and geotechnical properties of surface sediments in the Ulleung Basin, the East Sea. Geosci. J. 3, 213- 224.

236. Kim, G.-Y., Yoo, D.-G., Lee, H.-Y., Lee, Y.-J. and Kim, D.-C., 2007. The relationship between silica diagenesis and physical properties in the East/Japan Sea: ODP Legs 127/128. J. Asian E. Sci. 30, 448-456. (Ulleung Basin, Korea Plateau noted in text.)

237. Kim, G.-Y., Yoon, G.J., Kim, J.W., Kim, D.-C.. Khim, B.K. and Kim, S.Y., 2007. The Effects of Microstructure on Shear Properties of Shallow Marine Sediments. Mar. Georesources and Geotechnol. 25, 37-51. (East Sea noted in text.)

238. Kim, H., Choo, Y.-J. and Cho, J.-C., 2007. Litoricolacae fam. Nov., to include Litoricola lipolytica gen. nov. sp., nov., a marine bacterium belong to the order Oceanospirillales Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 1793-1798. (East Sea noted in text.)

239. Kim, H.-C., Yoo, S. and Oh, I.S., 2007. Relationship between phytoplankton bloom and wind stress in the sub-polar frontal area of the Japan/East Sea. J. Mar. Sys. 67, 205-216 (Korea Strait noted in text.)

212 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

240. Kim. H.-J., Han, S.-J., Lee, G.H. and Sik, L., 1998. Seismic study of the Ulleung Basin crust and its implications for the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea). Mar. Geophys. Res. 20, 219-237.

241. Kim, H.-J., Jou, H.-T., Cho, H.-M., Bijwaard, H., Sato, T., Hong, J.-K, Yoo. H.-S and Baag, C.-E., 2003. Crustal structure of the continental margin of Korea in the East Sea (Japan Sea) from deep seismic sounding data: evidence for rifting affected by the other than normal mantle. Tectonophys. 364, 25-42.

242. Kim, H.-J., Lee, G.H. and Jou, H.-T., 2008. Reply to comments by H. Mashima. on ‘Evolution of the eastern margin of Korea: Constraints on the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea)’ by Kim et al.,[Tectonophysics 438 (2007) 37-55]). Tectonophys. in press (Korea Plateau, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

243. Kim, H.-J., Lee, G.H., Jou, H.-T., Cho, H.-M., Yoo, H.-S., Park, G.-T. and Kim, J.-S., 2007. Evolution of the eastern margin of Korea: Constraints on the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea). Tectonophys. 436, 37-55. (Ulleung Basin, Ulleung Gap, Hupo Bank, Hupo Basin, Onnuri Basin, north Korea Plateau, south Korea Plateau noted in text.)

244. Kim, H.-J., Park, C.H., Hong, J.K., Jou, H.T., Chung, T.W., Zhigulev, V. and Anasov, G.I., 1994. A seismic experiment in the Ulleung basin (Tsushima basin), southwestern Japan Sea (East Sea of Korea). Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1975-1978.

245. Kim, I.S., 1992. Origin and Tectonic Evolution of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the Yangsan Fault System: A New Synthetic Interpretation. J. Geol. Soc. Korea 28, 84-109.

246. Kim, I.S., Park, M.-H., Lee, Y., Ryu, B.-J. and Yu, K,-M., 2003. Geological and geochemical studies on the Late Quaternary sedimentary environment in the southwestern Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Economic and Environmental Geol. 36, 9-15.

247. Kim, I.-S., Park, M.-H., H. Ryu, B.-J., et al., 2006. Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental variation in late Quaternary core sediments of the southwestern Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). The Island Arc 15, 178-186.

248. Kim, J.-H., Park, M.-H., Tsunogai, U., Cheong, T.-J., Ryu, B.-J., Lee, Y.-J., Han, H.-C., Oh, J.-H. and Chang, H.W., 2007. Geochemical characterization of the organic matter, pore water constituents and shallow methane gas in the eastern part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). The Island Arc 16, 93-104.

249. Kim, J.-M., 1999. Early Neogene biochemostratigraphy of the Pohang Basin: A paleoceanographic response to the early opening of the Sea of Japan/East Sea. Mar. Micropaleontol. 36, 269-290.

250. Kim, J.-M., Kennett, J.P., Park, B.-K., Kim, D.C., Kim, G.Y. and Roark, E.B., 2000. Paleoceanographic change during the last deglaciation, East Sea of Korea. Paleoceanogr. 15, 254- 266.

251. Kim, K. and Chung, J.-Y., 1984. On the salinity-minimum and dissolved oxygen-maximum layer in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas, T. Ichiye (ed.) Elsevier Science, 55-65.

252. Kim, K. and Legeckis, R., 1986. Branching of the Tsushima Current. Progr. Oceanogr. 17, 265-276. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

253. Kim, K., Kim, K.-R., Chung, J.-Y., Yoo, H. and Park, S., 1991. Characteristics of physical properties in the Ulleung Basin. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 26, 83-100.

254. Kim, K., Kim, K.-R., Kim, Y.-G., Cho, Y.-K., Kang, D.J., Takematsu, M., and Volkov, Y., 2004. Water masses and decadal variability in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Progr. Oceanogr. 61, 157-174.

255. Kim, K., Kim, K.-R., Kim, Y.-G., Cho, Y.-K., Chung, J.-Y. a n d Choi, B.-H., 1996. New findings from CREAMS observations.: Water masses and eddies in the East Sea. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 31, 155-163.

256. Kim, K., Kim, K.-R., Min, D.-H., Volkov, Y., Yoon, J.-H. and Takematsu, M, , 2001. Warming and Structural change in the East Sea (Japan Sea): A clue to future changes in global oceans? Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 3293-3296.

213 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

257. Kim, K., Kim, Y.B., Park, J.J., Nam, S.-H., Park, K.A. and Chang, K.-I., 2005. Long –term and Real- time Monitoring Systems of the East/Japan Sea. Oc. Sci. J. 40, 25-44.

258. Kim, K., Kim, Y.-G., Cho, Y.-K., Takematsu, M. and Volkov, Y., 1999. Basin-to-Basin and Year-to-Year Variation of Temperature and Salinity Characteristics in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. 55, 103-109

259. Kim, K., Lee, J., Moon, W. Baag, C.-E., Jung, H. and Hong, M., 2007. Crustal Structure of the Southern Korean Peninsula from Seismic Waves Generated by Large Explosions in 2002 and 2004. Pure & Applied Phys. 164, 97-113. (East Sea noted in text).

260. Kim. K., Lyu, S.J., Kim, Y.-G., Choi, B.H., Taira, K. and Perkins, H.T., 2004. Monitoring volume transport through measurement of cable voltage across the Korea Strait. J. Atmosph. & Oc. Technol. 21, 671-682.

261. Kim, K.H., Tanaka, T., Nagao, K. and Jang, S.K., 1999. Nd and Sr isotopes and K-Ar ages of the alkali volcanic rocks in the East Sea, South Korea. Geochem. J., 33, 317-341.

262. Kim, K.J. and Seung, Y.H., 1999. Formation and Movement of the ESIW as Modeled by MICOM. J. Oceanogr. 55, 369-382. (East Sea noted in text.)

263. Kim, K.-R. and Kim, K., 1996. What is happening in the East Sea (Japan Sea)?: Recent chemical observations during CREAMS 93-96. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 31, 164-172.

264. Kim., K.-R., Kim, G., Kim, K., Lobanov, V., Ponomarev, V and Salyuk, A., 2002. A sudden bottom- water formation during the severe winter 2000-2001: The case of the East / Japan Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1234-1237.

265. Kim, K.-R., Kim, K., Kang, D.J., Park, S.Y., Kim, Y.-G., Min, M.S. and Min, D.H., 1999. The East Sea (Japan Sea) in change: A story of dissolved oxygen. Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 33, 15-22.

266. Kim. K.-R., Kim, K. Min, D.H., Volkov, Y., Yoon, J.-H. and Takematsu, M., 2001. Warming and structural changes in the East (Japan) Sea: A Clue to future changes in global oceans? Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 3292-32-96.

267. Kim, K.-R., Ponomarev, V., Salyuk, A., et al., 2002. A sudden bottom-water formation during the severe winter 2000-2001: The case of the East/Japan Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 75-1—75-4.

268. Kim, K.R., Rhee, T.S., and Kim,. K., 1992. A note on the initial nitrate and initial phosphate as tracers of the origin of the East Sea (Japan Sea) Proper Water. La Mer 30, 149-155.

269. Kim, K.R., Rhee, T.S., Kim, K. and Chung, J.Y., 1991. Chemical characteristics of the East Sea Intermediate Water in the Ulleung Basin. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 26, 278-290.

270. Kim, K.-T., Kim, E.-S., Lee, S.-H. and Cho, S.-R., 2002. Trace metals in surface seawaters and mussels around the Dokdo, Korea. Oc. & Polar Res. 24, 399-406. 271. Kim, K.Y., Lee, J.M., Moon, W., Baag, C.-E., Jung, H. and Hong, M.H., 2007. Crustal structure of the southern Korean peninsula from seismic waves generated by large explosions in 2002 and 2004. Pure and Applied Geophysics 164, 97-113. (East Sea noted in text.).

272. Kim, M.-G., Lee, B.-K. and Kim, H.-J., 2006. Cloud / fog water chemistry at a high elevation site in South Korea. J. Atmos. Chem. 55, 13-29. (East Sea noted in text).

273. Kim, M.-K., Kim, Y.-H. and Kee., W.-S., 2007. Seasonal prediction of Korean regional climate from preceding large-scale climate indices. Int. J. Climatol. 27, 925-934, (East Sea noted in text.)

274. Kim, N.J., Lim, S.H., Kim, C.B., Hyun, Y.J. and Chun, W.G., 2006. Dissolution behavior of liquid CO2 droplets released at the intermediate depth in the East Sea and the Clipperton Clarion. Int. Commun. In Heat and Mass Transfer 33, 1103-1114.

275. Kim, S., 2005. The name and limit of the East Sea. Jiyoungsa Publishing, Seoul, 396pp.

276. Kim, S., Lee, Y.-H. and Oh, J. 2006. Description of the Post Larva of Star Pipefish, Halicampus punctatus (Syngnathidae, Gasterosteiformes) First Found in the Southwestern East Sea, Korea. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 201-205.

214 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

277. Kim, S.-D., Jung, K.T., and Park, S.-Y., 2007. a study on the numerical simulation of the seismic sea waves in the East Sea based on the Boussinesq equation. Oc. Polar Res. 29, 9-31.

278. Kim, S.H., 1990. Mineralogy of Miocene sandstone core samples from Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea. [PhD Dissertation): Seoul, Korea, Seoul National Univ. 249.pp.

279. Kim, S.P., 2003. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and new fisheries agreements in north East Asia. Mar. Policy 27, 97-109. (East Sea noted in text).

280. Kim, S.W., and Onbé, T. 1989. Distribution and zoogeography of the marine cladoceran Podon schmackei in the northwestern Pacific. Mar. Biol. 102, 203-210. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

281. Kim, Y.H. and Min, H.S., 2008. Seasonal and interannual variability of the North Korean Cold Current in the East Sea reanalysis data. Oc. Polar Res. 30, 21-31.

282. Kim, W., Cheong, D. and Kendall, C. G. St. C., 2007. Effects of in-phase and out-of-phase sediment supply responses to tectonic movement on the sequence development in the late Tertiary Southern Ulleung Basin, East (Japan) Sea. Computers and Geosci. 33, 299-310.

283. Kim, W.-Y. and Richards, P.G., 2007. North Korean Nuclear Test: Seismic Discrimination at Low Yield. EOS, Trans. American Geophys. Un. 88, 158, 161. (East Sea noted in text.)

284. Kim, Y. and Yang, H.-S., 2004. Scavenging of 234 Th and 210 Po in surface water of Jinhae Bay, Korea during a red tide. Geochem. J. 38, 505-513. (East Sea noted in text).

285. K i m , Y. -G., Choi, D.H., Hyun, S. and Cho, B.C., 2007. Oceanobacillus profundus sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea-sediment core. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 409-413. (East Sea., Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

286. K i m , Y. -G., and Kim, K., 1999. Intermediate Waters in the East/Japan Sea. J. Oceanogr. 55, 123-231.

287. K i m , Y. -S. and Park, J.-Y., 2006. Cenozoic deformation history of the area around Yangnam-Yangbuk, SE Korea and its tectonic significance. J. Asian E. Sci. 26, 1-20. (East Sea noted in text.)

288. Kong, G.S. and Park, S.C., 2007. Paleoenvironmental changes and depositional history of the Korea (Tsushima) Strait since the LGM. J. Asian E. Sci 29, 84-104.

289. Koo, J., 1980. Marine tectonics and georesource potential of Korea. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica (TAO) 11, 19-31. (East Sea noted in text).

290. Kwak, H.-S., 1996. Oceanographic Atlas of Korean Waters (vol. 3). Korea Strait. Korea Ocean Research Institute (KORDI). (East Sea noted in text).

291. Kwon, K.K., Lee, Y.-K. and Lee, H.-K., 2006. Costertonia aggregate gen. nov., sp. nov. a mesophilic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae, located from a mature biofilm. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56, 1349-1353. (East Sea noted in text).

292. Kwon, K.K., Woo., J.-H., Yang, S-H., Kang, J.-H., Kang, S.G., Kim, S.-J., Sato, T. and Kato, C. 2007. Alterythrobacter epoxidivorans gen. sp., sp. nov., an epoxide hydrolase-active, mesophyllic marine bacterium isolated from cold-seep sediment, and reclassification of Erythrobacter luteolus Yoon et al., 2005 as Altererythrobacter luteolus comb. nov. Int. J. Sys. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 2207-2211. (East Sea noted in text.)

293. Kwon, K.K., Yang., S.-J., Lee, H.-S., Cho, J.-C. and Kim, S.J., 2007. Sufflavibacter maritimus agen. Nov. sp. nov., novel Flavobacteriaceae bacteria isolated from marine environments. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 17, 1379-1384. (East Sea noted in text.)

294. Kwon, N.Y. and Park, S.J., 1970. A study of submarine topography and characteristic bottom sediment in the central part of the Eastern Sea of Korea. Bull. Fish., Res. Dev. Agcy, N5, 103-125.

295. Kwon, Y.-O. , Kim, K., Kim, Y.-G. and Kim, K.-R., 2004. Diagnosing long-term trends of the water mass properties in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L20306, doi:10.1029/2004TL020881.

296. Lau, K.-M., Kim, K.M. and Yang, S., 2000. Dynamical and Boundary Forcing Characteristics of Regional Components of the Asian Summer Monsoon. J. Climate 13, 2461-2482. (East Sea noted in text). 215 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

297. Lee, C.I, Lee, J.-Y., Choi, K.-H. and Park S.-E., 2008. Long-term trends in pelagic environments of the East Sea ecosystem. Oc. Sci. J. 43, 1-7. 298. Lee, C.K., 1970. On the currents in the western channel of the Korea Strait. Bull. Fish. Res. Develop. Agcy, N 6, 175-231.

299. Lee, C.K., 1974. A study on the currents in the western channel of the Korea Strait. Bull. Fish. Res. Develop. Agcy, N 12, 37-105.

300. Lee, C.K. and Bong, L.N., 1968. On the current of the Korean Eastern Sea (west of the Japan Sea). Bull. Fish. Res. Develop Agcy, N 3, 8-25..

301. Lee, D.-K., Lee, J.C., Lee, S.-R., and Lie, H.-J., 1997. A circulation study of the East Sea using satellite-tracked drifters. 1: Tsushima Current. J. Korean Fisheries Soc. 30, 1021-1032.

302. Lee, D.-K., and Niiler, P.P., 2005. The energetic surface circulation patterns in the Japan / East Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1547-1563. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

303. Lee, D.-K., N i il e r, P. P. , Lee, S.-R., Kim, K. and Lie, H.-J., 2000. Energetics of the surface circulation of the Japan/East Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 19561-19573.

304. Lee, E., and Nam, S., 2004. Low sea surface salinity in the East Sea during the last glacial maximum; review on freshwater supply. Geosci. J. 8., 43-49 (Korea Strait noted in text.)

305. Lee, E. and Nam, S., 2003. Freshwater supply by Korean rivers to the East Sea during the last glacial maximum: a review and new evidence form the Korea Strait region. Geo-Marine Lett. 23, 1-6.

306. Lee, E., Kim, S. and Nam, S., 2008. Paleo-Tsushima Water and its effect on surface water properties in the East Sea during the last glacial maximum: Revisited. Quat. Intl. 176-177, 3-12. (Korea Strait noted in text).

307. Lee, G.-H., 1983. Distinctive Properties of Turbiditic and Non-Turbiditic Muds in the Ulleung Basin. M.S. thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 91pp.

308. Lee, G.-H., and Kim, B.Y. 2002. Infill history of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan) and implications on source rocks and hydrocarbons. Mar. & Petrol. Geol. 19, 829-845.

309. Lee, G.-H. and Suk, B.C., 1998. Latest Quaternary seismic stratigraphy of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Geol. 146, 205-224.

310. Lee, G.-H. Kim, B., Chang, S.-J., Huh, S. and Kim, H.-J. 2004. Timing of trap formation in the southwestern margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea) and implications for hydrocarbon accumulations. Geosci. J. 8, 369-380.

311. Lee, G.-H., Kim, D.C., Kim, H.J., Jou, H.T. and Young, J.L., 2005. Shallow gas in the central part of the Korea Strait shelf mud off the southeastern coast of Korea. Cont. Shelf. Res. 25, 2036-2052.

312. Lee, G.-H., Kim, H.J., Han, S.-J., and Kim, D.C., 2001. Seismic stratigraphy of the deep Ulleung Deep Basin in the East Sea (Japan Sea) back-arc basin. Mar. & Petrol. Geol. 18, 615-634.

313. Lee, G.-H., Kim, H.J., Jou H.-T., and Cho, H.-M., 2003. Opal-A/opal-CT phase boundary inferred from bottom-simulating reflectors in the southern South Korea Plateau, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 24.

314. Lee, G.-H., Kim, H.J., Suh, M.C.. and Hong, J.K., 1999. Crustal structure, volcanism, and opening mode of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Tectonophys. 308, 503-525.

315. Lee, G.-H., Park, S.C. and Kim, D.C., 1997. Fluctuations of the calcite compensation depth (CCD) in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geo-Marine Lett. 17, 126-132.

316. Le e, H.J., Cho, Y.-S., and Kim, K.-H., 2002. Numerical simulations of 1983 central East Sea tsunami at Imwon; 2. Run-up at Imwon Port. Jour. Korea Water Res. Assn. 35, 453-461.

317. Lee, H.J., Chough, S.K., Chun, S.S. and Han, S.J., 1991. Sediment failure on the Korea Plateau slope, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Geol. 97, 363-377.

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318. Lee, H.J., Chough, S.K. and Yoon, S.H., 1996. Slope-stability change from late Pleistocene to Holocene in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). Sed. Geol. 104, 39-51.

319. Lee, H.-J., Chun, S.S., Yoon, S.H. and Kim, S.R. 1993. Slope stability and geotechnical properties of sediment of the southern margin of Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Geol 110, 31-45.

320. Lee, H.-J., Jung, K.T., Foreman, M.G.G. and Chung, J.Y., 2000. A three-dimensional mixed finite- difference Galerkin function model for the oceanic circulation in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Cont. Shelf Res. 20, 863-895. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

321. Lee, H.-J., Jung, K.-T., So, K.-K. and Chung, J.-Y., 2002. A three-dimensional mixed finite-difference Galerkin function model for the oceanic circulation in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in he presence of M2 tide. Cont. Shelf Res. 22, 69-91. (East Sea, Korea Strait noted in text.)

322. Lee, H.-J., N i il e r, P. P. , Lee, S.-R., Kim, K. and Lie, H.-J., 2000. Energetics of the surface circulation of the Japan/East Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 19,561-19,573.

323. Lee, H.Y., 1994. Neogene foraminifera biostratigraphy of the southern margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, Korea. PhD Dissertation, Seoul National Univ. Seoul, Korea, 377pp.

324. Lee, J.C., and Chung, C.H., 1977. An estimation of average current velocity in the western channel of the Korea Strait from mean sea level data. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 12, 1-11.

325. Lee, J.C. and Chung, W. 1981. On the seasonal variations of surface currents in the Eastern Sea of Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 16, 1-11.

326. Lee, J.C. Na, J.Y. and Chang, S.D. 1984. Thermohaline structure of the shelf front in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 19, 56-67.

327. Lee, J. H., Baek, Y.S., Ryu, B..J., Reidel, M. and Hyndman, R.D., 2005. A seismic survey to detect natural gas hydrate in the East Sea of Korea. Mar. Geophys. Res. 26, 51-59. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

328. Lee, J.-I., Hur, S.-D., Lee, M.-J., Yoo, C.M., Park, B.-K., Kim, Y., Kwon, M.-S. and Nagao, S., 2002. Petrology and geochemistry of Dokdo (Dok Island) in the East Sea of Korea. Oc. & Polar Res. 24, 465-482.

329. Lee, K., Chung, N.-S. and Chung, T.-C., 2003. Earthquakes in Korea from 1905 to 1945. Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 93, 2131-2145. (East Sea noted in text.)

330. Lee, K.E., 1992. Geological Structure of Ulleung Back-Arc Basin, East Sea. M.S. Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 121 pp. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

331. Lee, K.E., 2007. Surface water changes recorded in Late Quaternary marine sediments of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 247, 18-31. (Korea Strait noted in text).

332. Lee, K.E., Bahk, J.J. and Choi, J., 2008. Alkenone temperature estimates for the East Sea during the last 190,000 years. Org. Geochem. 39, 741-753.

333. Lee, K.E., Bahk, J.J. and Narita, H., 2003. Temporal variations in productivity and planktonic ecological structure in the East Sea (Japan Sea) since the last glaciation. Geo-Mar. Lett. 23, 125- 129. (Ulleung Basin noted in text). 334. Lee, K.H., Kim, Y.-J., von Hoyninggen-Huene, W. and Burrow, J.P., 2007. Spatio-temporal variability of satellite-derived aerosol optical thickness over Northeast Asia in 2004. Atm. Envir. 41, 3959-3973. (East Sea noted in text.)

335. Lee, K.S., Kim, S., Soh, J.-C. and Lee, S.-T., 2004. East Sea in Old Western Maps with Emphasis on the 17-18th Centuries. The Society for East Sea., Shinyou Printing Co., Seoul, 193 pp.

336. Lee, K.S., Kim, S., Soh, J.-C. and Tonghae, Y., 2002. East Sea in World Maps. The Society for East Sea., Shinyou Printing Co., Seoul, 126 pp.

337. Lee, K.W., Kang, H.S. and Lee, S.H., 1998. Trace elements in the Korean coastal environment. The Sci. of the Total Environ. 214, 11-19. (East Sea noted in text.. 217 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

338. Lee., M.-H., Lee, C.-W., Moon, D.-S., and Boo, B.H., 1998. Distribution and inventory of fallout Pu and Cs in the sediment of the East Sea of Korea. J. Environ. Radioact. 41, 99-110. (Ulleung Basin noted in text). 339. Lee, S.-H. and Bahk, J.J., 2004. Late Quaternary sedimentation in the eastern continental margin of the Korean Peninsula. In: Continent-Ocean Interactions within East Asian Marginal Seas. American Geophys. Un. Monograph 149, 205-233. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text).

340. Lee, S.-H. and Chough, S.K., 2001. High Resolution (2-7kHz) acoustic and geometric characters of submarine creep deposits in the South Korea Plateau, East Sea. Sedimentology 48, 629-644.

341. Lee., S.-H., and Chough, S.K., 2003. Distribution and origin of shallow gas in deep-sea sediments of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geo-Mar. Lett. 22, 204-209.

342. Lee, S.-H., Bahk, J.J., Chough, S.K., 2003. Origin of deep-water sediment waves in the Ulleung Interplain Gap, East Sea. Geosci. J. 7, 65-71. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

343. Lee, S.-H., Bahk, J.J., Chough, S.K., Back, G.G. and Yoo, S.H., 2004. Late Quaternary sedimentation in the Ulleung Interplain Gap, East Sea (Korea). Mar. Geol. 206, 225-228.

344. Lee, S.-H., Chough, S.K., Back, G.G. and Kim, Y.B., 2002. Chirp (2-7 kHz) echo characteristics of the South Korea Plateau, East Sea: styles of mass movement and sediment gravity flow. Mar. Geol.184, 227-247.

345. Lee, S.-H., Chough, S.K., Back, G.G., Kim, Y.B. and Sung, B.S., 2000. Gradual downslope change in high-resolution acoustic characters and geometry of large-scale submarine debris lobes in Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan), Korea. Geo-Marine Lett. 19, 254-261.

346. Lee, S.-H., Gastaud, J., Povinec, P.P., Hong, G.-H., Kim, S.-H., Chung, C.-S., Lee, K.W. and Pettersson, H.B.L., 2003. Distribution of plutonium and americium in the marginal seas of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 50, 2727-2750. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text.).

347. Lee., S.-H., Kim, D.-H., Lee., H.-w., 2008. Satellite-based assessment of the impact of sea-surface winds on the regional atmospheric circulations over the Korean peninsula. Int. J. Remote Sens. 29, 331-354. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

348. Lee, S.-H., Lee, H.-J., Jo, H.-R., Bahk, J.-J. and Chu, Y.-S., 2005. Complex sedimentation of the Holocene mud deposits in a ria-type coastal area, eastern Korea Strait. Mar. Geol. 214, 389-409.

349. Lee, T., Hyun, J.-H., Min, J.S. and Kim, D., 2008. Organic carbon accumulations and sulfate reduction rates in slope and basin sediments of the Ulleung Basin, East./Japan Sea. Geo-Mar. Lett. 28, 153-159.

350. Lee, T.-Y., Park, Y.Y. and Lin, Y.-L., 1998. A Numerical Modeling Study of Mesoscale Cyclogenesis to the East of the Korean Peninsula. Monthly Weather Rev. 126, 2305-2329. (East Sea noted in text).

351. Lee, W.H. and Shim, H.H., 1990. Distribution of phytoplankton standing crop and associated T-S properties in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 25, 1-7

352. Lee, Y.-K, Suk, B.-C., Kim, H.-I., et al., 1996. Bathymetry and side-scan imagery of SeaBeam 2000 multi-beam echosounder on the Eastern Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea (Japan Sea). Proc. Oceans 96 MTS/EEE Conf.: The Coastal Ocean-Prospects for the 21st Century, 23-26 Sept. 1996, Ft. Lauderdale, FL., USA, 1416-1420

353. Lee, Y.S. and Lee, S.Y., 2006. Factors affecting outbreaks of Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms in coastal areas of Korea. Mar. Poll. Bull. 52, 626-634. (East Sea noted in text.)

354. Lee, Y.S., Ishikawa, N. and Kim, W.K., 1999. Paleomagnetism of Tertiary rocks on the Korean Peninsula: tectonic implications for the opening of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Tectonophys. 304, 131-149.

355. Lie, H.J., Byun, S.-K., Bang, I. and Cho, C.H., 1995. Physical structure of eddies in the southwestern East Sea. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 30, 170-183.

356. Lim, C.H. and An, H.S., 1985. the comparison of the volume transport in the Korea Strait and in the middle of the East Sea (Japan Sea). J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 20, 50-55.. 218 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

357. Lim, D.B., 1973. The movement of the cold water in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 8, 46-52.

358. Lim, D.B. and Chang, S.D., 1969. On the cold water mass in the Korea Strait. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 4, 71-82.

359. Lim, D.I., Kang, S., Yoo, H.S., Jung, H.S., Choi, J.Y., Kim, H.N. and Shin, I.H., 2006. Late Quaternary sediments on the outer shelf of the Korea Strait and their paleoceanographic implications. Geo-Mar. Lett. 26, 287-296. (East Sea noted in text).

360. Lin, X.J., Park, G., Kwak, J.-H., Kim, W., Kang, H.-D., Lee, H.-L., Kim, Y.-G., Doh, S.H., Kim, D.-S. and Kim, C.-K., 2006. 239 (+240) Pu concentrations of sediments and seawater in the coastal sea of Korea. J. Radioanalyt. And Nuclear Chem. 268, 103-108. (East Sea noted in text).

361. Liu, J., Zhu, R., Roberts, A.P., Li, S. and Chang, J.-H., 2004. High-resolution analysis of early diagenic effects on magnetic minerals in the post-middle-Holocene continental shelf sediments from the Korea Strait. J. Geophys. Res. B, 109, pp?? 362. Lim, J.-M., Jeon, C.-O., Jang, H.-H., Park, D.-J., Shin, Y.-K., Yeo, S.-H. and Kim, C.-J., 2008. Albimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a non-photosynthetic member of the class Alphaproteobacteria isolated from seawater. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58, 282-285. (East Sea noted in text).

363. Lyu, S.J. and Kim, K., 2003. Absolute transport from the sea level difference across the Korea Strait. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 1285, doi:10.1029/2002GL016233.

364. Lyu, S.J. and Kim, K., 2005. Subinertial to interannual transport variations in the Korea Strait and their possible mechanisms. J. Geophys. Res. 110, C12016, doi:10.1029/2004JC002651. (East Sea noted in text).

365. Lyu, S.J., Kim, K. and Perkins, H.T., 2002. Atmospheric pressure-forced subinertial variations in the transport through the Korea Strait. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1294, doi:10.1029/2001GL14366.

366. Mammerickx, J, Fisher, R.L. Emmel, F.J, and Smith, S.M., 1977. Bathymetry of the East and Southeast Asian Seas. Map and Chart Series, Geol. Soc. America, MC-17.

367. Mashima, H., 2008. Comment on “Evolution of the eastern margin of Korea: Constraints on the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea)” by Kim, H.J., et al.,[Tectonophysics 438 (2007) 37-55. Tectonophys. (in press) (Korea Plateau, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

368. Mask, A.C. and Preller, R.H., 2007. A numerical simulation of the East Asian Seas in March 2002: Effect of vertical grid choice. Oc. Modeling 18, 81-96. (East Sea noted in text.)

369. Min, D.-H. and Warner, M.J., 2005. Basin-wide circulation and ventilation study in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) using chlorofluorocarbon tracers. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1580-1616.

370. Min, H.S., Kim, Y.-H. and Kim, C.-H., 2006. Year-to-Year Variation of Cold Waters around the Korea Strait. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 227-234. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

371. Min, H.S. and Kim, C.-H., 2006. Water Mass Formation Variability in the Intermediate Layer of the East Sea. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 255-260.

372. Minobe, S., Sako, A. and Nakamura, M., 2004. Interannual to Interdecadal Variability in the Japan Sea Bases on a New Gridded Upper Water Temperature Dataset. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 34, 2382-2397. (East Sea noted in text).

373. Mitchell, D.A., Teague, W.J., Wimbush, M., Watts, D.R. and Sutyrin, G.G., 2005. The Dok Cold Eddy. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35, 273-288. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin, Korea Strait, Dok-Do all noted in text.)

374. Mitchell, D.A., Watts, D.R., Wimbush, K.L., Tracey, K.L., Teague, W.J., Book, J.W., Chang, K.-I, Suk, M.-S. and Yoon, J.-H., 2005. Upper circulation patterns in the Ulleung Basin. Deep Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1617-1638.

375. Mitchell, D.A.M., Wimbush, A.M., Watts, D.R., and Teague, W.J., 2004. The residual GEM technique and its application to the southwestern Japan/East Sea. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. 21, 1895-1909.

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376. Mooers, N.K., Bang, I. and Sandoval, F.J., 2005. Comparisons between observations and numerical simulations of Japan (East) Sea flow and mass fields in 1999 through 2001. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1639-1661.

377. Mooers, N.K.. Kang, H.-S. and Chen, S.S., 2000. Several aspects of the simulated response of the Japan (East ) Sea to synoptic forcing due to Siberian cold air outbreaks. La Mer 38, 233-243.

378. Morimoto, A., Yanagi, T. and Kaneko, A., 2000. Eddy Field in the Japan Sea Derived from Satellite Altimetric Data. J. Oceanogr. 56, 449-462. (Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

379. Na, J.Y., 1988. Wind stress distribution and its application to the upper layer structure in the East Sea of Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 23, N 3, 97-109.

380. Na, J.Y., 1989. Experiments in ocean circulation modeling in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Proc. Symp. On the Sea between Korea and Japan. Seoul 15-17.

381. Na, J.Y. and Han, S.K., 1988. Spatiotemporal distributions of the wind stress and the thermocline in the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 21, 341-350

382. Na, J.Y. and Kim, B.H., 1990. A laboratory study of formation of “the warm core” in the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 22, N 6, 415-423.

383. Na, J.Y., Lee, S.W. and Cho, K.D., 1991. A study on the sea water and ocean current in the sea adjacent to the Korea Peninsula: The .vertical structure of temperature in the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 24, N 4, 215-228.

384. Na, J.Y., and Pang, D.G., 1992. Influences of the sea surface wine on currents and thermal structures in the southwestern part of the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 25, N 1, 15-28.

385. Na, J.Y., Seo, J.W. and Han, S.K., 1992. Monthly mean sea surface winds over the adjacent seas of the Korean peninsula. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 27, N 1, 1-10. (East Sea noted in text.)

386. Navrotsky, V.V., Lozovatsky, I.D., Pavlova, E.P. and Fernando, H.J.S., 2004. Observations of internal waves and thermocline splitting near a shelf break of the Sea of Japan (East Sea). Cont. Shelf Res. 24, 1375-1395,

387. Nof, D., 2001. China’s Development Could Lead to Bottom Water Formation in the Japan/East Sea. Bull. American Meteorol. Soc. 82, 609-618.

388. Noh, Y., Jang, C.-J., Kim, C.-H., and Yoon, J.-H., 1996. Embedding an oceanic mixed layer model into an ocean general circulation model of the East Sea (Japan Sea). La Mer 34, 95-107.

389. Noh, Y., Jang, C.-J. and Kim, J.-W., 1999. Large Eddy Simulation of Open Ocean Depth Convection with Application to the Deep Water Formation in the East Sea. J. Oceanogr. 55, 347-367.

390. Oh, D.C., Park, M.-K., Choi, S.-H., Kang., D.-J., Park, S.Y., Hwang, J.S., Andreev, A., Hong, G.H. and Kim, K.-R., 1999. The Air-Sea Exchange of CO2 in the East Sea (Japan Sea). J. Oceanography 55, 157-169.

391. Oh, I.S., Rabinovich, A.D., Park, M.S., Mansurov, R.N, 1994. Seasonal sea level oscillations in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 28, N 1, 1-16.

392. Oh, I.S., Zhurbas, V., and Park, W., 2000. Estimating horizontal diffusivity in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the northwest Pacific from satellite-tracked drifter data. J. Geophys Res. C-105, 6483- 6492.

393. Oh, J., Kim, S., Kim, C.-G., Soh, H.Y., Jeong, D. and Lee, Y.H., 2006. the First Record of Long Headed Eagle Ray Aetobatus flagellum (Pices: Myliobatidae) from Korea. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 53-57. (East Sea noted in text)

394. Oh., S., Yang, J.-M., Lee, D.K., Kwon, B.-D., Chung, S.-H., Song, Y.-H., Min, K.D., Nakada, M., Mogi, T., and Lee, H.-S., 2006. Deep geoelectrical structure in and around the southern Korean Peninsula by GDS study. Geosci. J. 10, 479-490. (East Sea noted in text).

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395. Onitsuka, G., Yanagi, T., Yoon, J.-H., 2007. A numerical study on nutrient sources in the surface layer of the Panan Sea using a coupled physical-ecosystem model. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans, 112, art. No. C06022. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

396. Otosaka, S., Amano, H, Ito, T., Kawamura, H., Kobayashi, T., Suzuki, t., Togawa, O., Chaykovskaya, E.L., Lishavskaya, T.S., Novichkov, V.P. Karasev, E.V., Tkalin, A.V. and Volkov, Y.N., 2006. Anthropogenic radionuclides in the Japan Sea; Distribution and transport processes of particulate radionuclides. J. Environ. Radioactivity 91, 128-145. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

397. Ou, H.-W., 2001. A Model of Buoyant Throughflow: With Application to Branching of the Tsushima Current. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 115-126. (East Sea noted in text).

398. Ou, H.-W., 2005. On the cooling of a buoyant boundary current. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1662-1670. (East Sea noted in text.)

399. Paik, S.-G., Kang, R.-S., Jeon, J.O., Lee, J.-H., and Yen, S.G., 2007. Distribution patterns of sandy bottom macro benthic community on the Hupo Coastal Area, in the East Sea of Korea. Oc. Polar Res. 29, 123-134.

400. Park, A.E., Ullman, D.S., Kim, K., Chung, J.Y. and Kim, K.-R., 2007. Spatial and temporal variability of satellite-observed Subpolar Front in the East/Japan Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I: Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 54, In Press.

401. Park, B.K and Han, S.J. 1984. The distribution of clay minerals in Recent sediments of the Korea Strait. Sed. Geol. 41, 173-184.

402. Park, B.K. and Kim, S.W., 1971. Recent Tectonism in the Korean Peninsula and Seafloor Spreading. J. Korean Inst. Mining Geol. 4, 39-43. (East Sea noted in text).

403. Park, C.H., Kim, J.W., Isezaki, N., Roman, D. and von Frese, R., 2006. Crustal analysis of the Ulleung Basin in the East Sea (Japan Sea) from crustal gravity mapping. Mar. Geophys. Res. 27, 253-266.

404. Park, C.K., 1972. Hourly changes of temperature and salinity in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 7, N 1, 15-18.

405. Park, G., Lin, X.-J., Kim, W., Kang, H.D., Lee, H.L., Kim, Y., Doh, S.H., Kim, D.S., Yun, S.-G. and Kim, C.K., 2004. Properties of 137Cs in marine sediments off Yangnam, Korea. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 77, 285-299. (East Sea noted in text.)

406. Park, G.-H., Lee, K.-T., Tischenko, P., Min, D.-H., Warner, M.J., Talley, L.D., Kang, D.-J., and Kim, K.- R., 2006. Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 20, Art GB4013/Nov 22 2006.

407. Park, G.S., 2007. The role and distribution of total suspended solids in the macrotidal coastal waters of Korea. Env. Monitoring & Assessment, DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9640-3. (East Sea noted in text.) (in press).

408. Park, H.-H., Millar, R.B., An, H.-C. and Kim, H.-Y., 2007. Size selectivity of drum-net traps for whelk (Buccinum opisoplectum dall) in the Korean coastal waters of the East Sea. Fish. Res. 86, 113-119.

409. Park, J.-H. and Watts, D. R., 2005. Response of the southwestern Japan / East Sea to atmospheric pressure. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1671-1683. (Ulleung Basin, Korea Strait noted in text).

410. Park, J.-H. and Watts, D.R., 2006. Internal Tides in the Southwestern Japan/East Sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 36, 22-34.

411. Park, J.-H., Watts., D., R., Tracey, K.L., and Mitchell, D.A.., 2005. A Multi-Index GEM Technique and Its Application to the Southwestern Japan/East Sea. J. Atmos. & Oceanic Technol. 22, 1282-1293.

412. Park, J.J., Kim, K., King, B.A. and Riser, S.C., 2005. An Advanced Method to Estimate Deep Currents from Profiling Floats. J. Atmos. Oc. Technol. 22., 1294-1304. (East Sea noted in text).

413. Park, J.-O., Kimura, M, and Taira, A., 1996. Late Pleistocene unconformity on the Tsushima and Korea Straits revealed by seismic-reflection profiles. J. Geogr. 105, 297-305. 221 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

414. Park, J.R., Bae, J.-W., Nam, Y.-D., Chang, H.-W., Kwon, H.-Y., Quan, Z.-X. and Park, Y.-H., 2007. Sulfitobacter litoralis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated form the East Sea,. Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 692-695. (East Sea noted in text.).

415. Park, J.S., 1967. Note sur les chaetognathes indicators planctoniques dans la mer coreenne en river 1967. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 2, N1-2, 34-41 (in French).

416. Park, J.S., 1973. The distribution of Chaetognaths in the Korea Strait and their relation to the character of water mass. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 8, N1, 33-45.

417. Park, K.-A., 1996. Spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperature and sea level anomaly in the East Sea using satellite data (NOAA/AVHRR, TOPEX (ALT). Ph.D. Dissertation, Seoul National Univ. Korea, 294 pp.

418. Park, K.-A. and Chung, J.Y., 1999. Spatial and temporal scale variations of sea surface temperature in the East Sea using NOAA/AVHRR data. J. Oceanogr. 55, 271-288.

419. Park, K.-A., Chung, J.Y., Kim, K., Choi, B.-H. and Lee, D.K., 1999. Sea Surface Temperature Retrievals Optimized to the East Sea (Sea of Japan) using NOAA/NAVHRR Data. Mar. Technol. Soc J. 33, 23-35.

420. Park, K.-A., Ullman, D.S., Kim, D., Chung, J.Y. and Kim, K.-R., 2007. Spatial and temporal variability of satellite-observed Subpolar Front in the East/Japan Sea. Deep Sea Res. I: Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 54, 453-470.

421. Park, K.S., 1990. The Seismic Stratigraphy, Structure and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Korea Strait. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of London, London, 441pp.

422. Park, M.-H., Kim, I.-S. and Ryu, B.-J., 2003a. Framboidal pyrites in the late Quaternary core sediments of the East Sea and their paleoenvironmental implications. Geosci. J. 7, 209-215.

423. Park, M.-H., Kim, I.-S. and Ryu, B.-J., 2003b. Stratigraphy of late Quaternary core sediments and comparative study of the tephra layers from the northwestern Ulleung Basin of the East Sea. Economic and Environmental Geol. 36, 225-252.

424. Park, M.-H., Kim, I.-S. and Ryu, B.-J., 2003c. Distribution of late Quaternary tephra layers in the western part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Geosci. J. 7, 123-127.

425. Park, M.-H., Kim, J.-H. and Kil, Y.-W., 2007. Identification of the late Quaternary tephra layers in the Ulleung Basin of the East Sea using geochemical and statistical methods. Mar. Geol. 244, 196-208.

426. Park, M.-H., Kim, J.-H., Kim, I.-S. Ryu, B-.J., and Yu, K.-M, 2005. Tephrostratigraphy and paleo- environmental implications of late Quaternary sediment cores and interstitial water from the western Ulleung Basin, East/Japan Sea. Geo-Mar. Lett. 25, 54-62.

427. Park, M.-H., Kim, J.-H., Ryu, B-.J., Kim, I.-S. and Chang, H.W., 2006. AMS radiocarbon dating of the marine late Pleistocene-Holocene sediment cores from the western Ulleung Basin, East/Japan Sea. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 243, 211-215. (Korea Plateau, Korea Strait, Ulleung Interplain Gap noted in text.)

428. Park, M.-H., Kim, J.-H. and Kil, Y.-W., 2007. Identification of the late Quaternary tephra layers in the Ulleung Basin of the East Sea using geochemical and statistical methods. Mar. Geol. 244, 196-208.

429. Park, M.O., 2006. Composition and Distribution of Phytoplankton with Size Fraction Results in Southwestern East/Japan Sea. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 301-313

430. Park., M.O., Moon, C.H., Yang, H.S. and Park, J.S., 1999. Distribution of Phytoplankton Pigments in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 34, 95-112.

431. Park, S. and Chu, P.C., 2006. Interannual SST Variability in the Japan/East Sea and Relationship with Environmental Variables. J. Oceanogr. 62, 115-132.

432. Park, S., Suk, M.-S. and An, H., 2005. Numerical Experiments of the Influences of the Transport Variation through the Korea Strait on the Japan/East Sea Upper Layer Circulation. J. Oceanogr. 61, 155-165. 222 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

433. Park, S.-C., Han, H.-S. and Yoo, D.G., 2003. Transgressive sand ridges in the mid-shelf of the southern sea of Korea (Korea Strait); formation and development in high-energy environments. Mar. Geol. 193, 1-18. 434. Park, S.-C. and Mori, J., 2005. Source parameters of the May 29, 2004 South Korea earthquake (ML 5.2). Earth, Planets and Space 57, 471-475. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text).

435. Park, S.C. and Yoo, D.G., 1988. Depositional History of Quaternary Sediments on the Continental Shelf off the Southeastern Coast of Korea (Korea Strait); Mar. Geol. 79, 65-75. (East Sea noted in text)

436. Park, S.C. and Yoo, D.G., 1992, Deposition of coarse-grained sediments in the Korea Strait during the late Pleistocene low sea level. Geo-Mar. Lett.12, 19-23.

437. Park, S.-C., Yoo, D.G., Lee, C.W. and Lee, E.I., 2000. Last glacial sea-level changes and paleostratigraphy of the Korea (Tsushima) Strait. Geo-Marine Lett. 20, 64-71.

438. Park, S.-C., Yoo, D.G., Lee, K.W. and Lee, H.H., 1999. Accumulation of recent muds associated with coastal circulations, southeastern Korea Sea (Korea Strait). Cont. Shelf Res. 19, 589-608.

439. Park, S.-J., 1998. Stratal patterns in the southwestern margin of Ulleung back –arc Basin: a sequence Stratigraphic analysis. PhD Dissertation, Seoul National Univ. Seoul, Korea, 176 pp.

440. Park, S.-J., Kang, C.-H, Nam, Y.-D, Bae, J.W., Quan, Z.X. Moon, D.-S., Roh, D.H. and Rhee, S.-K., 2006. Oceanispharea donghaensis sp nov. a halophylic bacterium from the East Sea, Korea. Int. J. Systematic & Evolutionary Microbiol. 56, 895-898

441. Park, S.-J., Park, B.-J. and Rhee, S.-K., 2008. Comparative analysis of archaeal 165S rRNA and amoA genes to estimate the abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidixing archaea in marine sediments. Extremophiles, 1-11 (in press). (East Sea noted in text.)

442. Park, W.-S. and Oh, I.S., 2000. Interannual and interdecadal variations of sea surface temperature in the East Asian Marginal Seas. Prog. Oceanogr. 47, 191-204. (East Sea noted in text.)

443. Park, W.S., Oh, I.S. and Shim, T.B., 1995. Temporal and spatial distribution s of heat fluxes in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr Soc. Korea 30, 30, N2, 91-115.

444. Park, Y.A., Kim, K.R., Choi, J.Y. and An, K.H., 1988. Size distribution of suspended particulate materials in the southern East Sea of Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 23, N 2, 76-88.

445. Park, Y.A., Werner, F., Kim, S.W., Chang, J.H. and Kim, C.M., 1984. The Surface Features of Quartz Sands from the Korean Seas (the Yellow Sea and East Sea of Korean Peninsula). In: Park, Y. A ., Pilkey, O.H and Kim, S.W., (eds), Marine Geology and Physical Processes of the Yellow Sea, Proc. of Korea-US Seminar and Workshop, Seoul, Korea, June 19-23, 1984, 235-241.

446. Park, Y.-G., Cho, Y.-K. and Kim, K., 1995. A hydraulic model of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water. J. Oceanogr. 51, 713-727.

447. Pavlyuk, O.N. and Trebukhova, J.A., 2005. Composition and Distribution of Meiobenthos in Amursky Bay (Peter the Great Bay, the East Sea). Oc. Sci. J. 40, 119-125.

448. Perkins, H.T., Teague, W.J., Jacobs. G.A., Chang, K.-I. and Suk, M.-S., 2000. Currents in Korea- Tsushima Strait during Summer 1999. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 3033-3036.

449. Podgurskaya, O.V., and Kavun, V. Ya., 2006. Subcellular Distribution of Heavy Metals in Organs of Bivalve Modiolus modilus Living Along a Metal Contamination Gradient. Oc.Sci. J. 41, 43-51. (East Sea noted in text)

450. Pokudov, V.V., 1974. On the problem of correlation of Tater Strait ice covering and heat balance through Korean Strait. Meteorol. & Hydrol. N 11,. (in Russian).

451. Podukov, V.V., 1975. Water- and thermo-exchange of the Japan Sea through the Korean Strait in summer. FERHRI Works 50, 11-23. (in Russian).

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452. Postlewaite, D.F., Rohling, E.J., Jenkins, W.J. And Walker, C.F., 2005. A tracer study of ventilation in the Japan/East Sea. Deep Sea Res. II,-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1684-1704.

453. Povinec, P.P., Hirose, K., Honda, T., Ito, T., Scott, E.M. and Togawa, O., 2004. Spatial distribution of 3H, 90Sr, 137CS and 239,240Pu in surface waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 76, 113-137. (East Sea noted in text.) 454. Preller, R.H., and Hogan, P.J., 1998. Oceanography of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Japan/East Sea. In: Robinson, A.R. and Brink, K.K., (eds.), The Sea, vol. 11, Wiley, NY, 429-481.

455. Rebstock, G.A., and Kang, J.S., 2003. A comparison of three marine ecosystems surrounding the Korean peninsula: Responses to climate change. Progr. Oceanogr. 59, 357-379. (East Sea noted in text._

456. Riser, S.C. and Jacobs, G., 2005. Editorial: The Japan/East Sea: A historical and scientific introduction. Deep Sea Res. II-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1359-1362.

457. Ro. Y.J. 1989. Interannual variability of sea water temperatures in the waters of the Korean East Sea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 24, N 1, 1-14.

458. Ro, Y.J., 1990. Contribution of T-S EOF modes to geostrophical volume and heat transport through Korea Strait. Chungnam J. of Sciences 17 N2, 119-135.

459. Ro, Y.J., 1999. Numerical Modeling Experiments of the East (Japan) Sea Circulation and Mesoscale Eddy Generation Based on POS-ES. Estuarine & Coastal Modeling 6, 1167-1181.

460. Ro, Y.J., 2001. Interactions of coastal boundary currents with mesoscale eddies in the East Sea. Recent Advances in Mar. Sci. and Technol. 9, 75-84.

461. Ro, Y.J., Kim, T.I., Sung, H.K. and Lee, S.W., 1992. 3-D Modeling of Heat Discharge from Ul-Jin Power Plant into Coastal Waters of Korea, East Sea. Estuarine & Coastal Modeling 2, 501-512.

462. Ryu, E., Lee, S.-J., Yang, D.-Y. and Kim, J.Y., 2008. Paleoenvironmental studies of the Korean peninsula inferred from diatom assemblages. Quat. Intl 176-177, 36-45. doi: 101016/j.quaint.2007.05.015. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

463. Ryu, E., Yi, S. and Lee, S.-J., 2005. Late Pleistocene-Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from the diatom record of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. Micropaleont. 55, 157-182.

464. Saveliev, A.V., and Danchenkov, M.A., 2002. Volume transport through the La-Perouse (Soya) Strait between the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the Sea of Okhotsk. Oc. Polar Res. 24, 147-152.

465. Scotti, A.D., 2005. Orographic effects during winter cold-air outbreaks over the Sea of Japan (East Sea): Results from a shallow-layer model. Deep Sea Res. II-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1705- 1725.

466. Senjyu, T., 1999. The Japan Sea Intermediate Water; Its Characteristics and Circulation. J. Oceanogr. 55, 111-122. (Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

467. Senjyu, T., Shin, H.R., Yoon, J.H., Nagano, Z. An, H.-S., Byun, S.K. and Lee, C.-K., 2005. Deep flow field in the Japan/East Sea as deduced from direct current measurements. Deep Sea Res. II-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1726-1741. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

468. Seung, Y.H., 1988. And advection/diffusion model for the distribution of surface cold water near Ulgi (Ulsan), SE Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 23, 13-23.

469. Seung, Y.H., 1992. A Simple model for separation of East Korean Warm Current and formation of North Korean Cold Current. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 27, 189-196. (East Sea noted in text).

470. Seung, Y.H., 1997. Application of ventilation theory to the East Sea. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 32, 8- 16.

471. Seung, Y.H., 2005. Abyssal Currents Driven by a Local Wind Forcing through Deep Mixed Layer: Implication to the East Sea. Oc. Sci. J. 40, 101-107.

472. Seung, Y.H. and Kim, K,. 1993. A numerical modeling of the East Sea circulation. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 28, 292-304. 224 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

473. Seung, Y.-H. and Kim, K.-J., 1995. A multilayer model for dynamics of upper and intermediate layer circulation of the East Sea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 30, 227-236.

474. Seung, Y.H. and Nam, S.Y., 1991. Effects of Winter Cooling on Subsurface Hydrographic Conditions off Korean Coast in the East (Japan) Sea. In: Takano, K. (ed), Oceanography of Asian Marginal Seas, Elsevier Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 163-178.

475. Seung, Y.H., Kim, Y.-J. and Yoon, J.H., 2007. Seasonal characteristics of the Tsushima Current in the Tsushima/Korea Strait obtained by a fine-resolution numerical model. Cont. Shelf Res. 27, 117- 133. (East Sea noted in text.)

476. Shcherbina, A.Y., Talley, L.D. Firing, E. and Hacker, P., 2003. Near-Surface Frontal Zone Trapping and Deep Upward Propagation of Internal Wave Energy in the Japan/East Sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 33, 900-912.

477. Shim, J.H. and Bak, S.Y., 1983. A biological oceanographic study on the southern waters of Korea Eastern Sea. Oceanological Studies on the Southern Waters of Korea Eastern Sea. Seoul, Seoul Nat. Univ. 101-162.

478. Shim, J.H. and Lee, W.H., 1987. Distribution of phytoplankton species and associated environmental factors in the southwestern waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan), Korea: A canonical correction analysis. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 22., 34-42.

479. Shim, J.H. and Park, Y.C., 1986. Primary productivity measurements using C14 and nitrogenous nutrient dynamics in the southeastern sea of Korea. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 21, 13-24. (East Sea noted in text.)

480. Shim, J.H., Goo, W.G. and Park, J.G., 1992. Primary production system in the southern waters of the East Sea, Korea, I: Biomass and productivity. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 27, 91-100.

481. Shim, J.H., Lee, W.H. and Park, S.Y., 1985. Studies on the plankton in the southwestern part of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 20, 37-54.

482. Shim, J.H., Yang, S.R. and Lee, W.H., 1989. Phytohydrography and the vertical patterns of intralcine in the southern waters of the Korean East Sea in early spring. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Korea 24, 15-28.

483. Shim, T. Wiseman, W.J. Jr., Huh, O.K., and Chuang, W.-S., 1984. A test of the geostrophic approximation in the western channel of the Korea Strait. In: T. Ichiye (ed.), Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas, 263-272. Amsterdam, Elsevier.

484. Shin, C.-W., Byun, S.-K, Kim, C., Lee, J.H., Kim, B.-C., Hwang, S.-C., Sung, Y.H. and Shin, H.-R., 2007. General characteristics of the East Sea intermediate water. Oc. Polar Res. 29, 33-42. (Ulleung Basin noted in Text.

485. Shin, C.-W., Byun, S.-K. and Kim, C.-S., 1996. Comparison between geostrophic currents in the southwestern part of the East Sea. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 31, 89-96.

486. Shin, C-.W., Byun, S.-K., Kim, C.-S. and Seung, Y.-H., 1998. Southward intrusion of the East Sea Intermediate Water into the Ulleung Basin: Observations in 1992 and 1993. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr. 33, 146-156.

487. Shin, C.W., Byun, S.-K., Kim, C.-S., Seung, Y.-H. and Lee, J.-H., 1999. Circulation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in July 1993 determined by an inverse method. Ocean Res. 21, 87-97.

488. Shin, H.-C. and Koh, C.-H., 1993. Distribution and abundance of ophiuroids on the continental shelf and slope of the East Sea (southwestern Sea of Japan), Korea. Mar. Biol. 115, 393-399.

489. Shin, H.-R., 1994. Analysis of seasonal distribution of water masses in the Korea Strait and the East China Sea. J. Korean E. Sci. Soc. 15., 81-90. (East Sea noted in text.).

490. Shin, H.-R., Byun, S.-K. and Kim, C., 1995. The characteristics of structure of warm eddy observed to the northwest of Ulleungdo in 1992. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 31, 111-122. (East Sea noted in text.).

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491. Shin, H.-R., Shin, C.-W., Kim, C., Byun, S.-K. and Hwang, S.C., 2005. Movement and structural variation of warm eddy WE92 for three years in the Western East/Japan Sea. Deep Sea Res. II- Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1742-1762.

492. Shin, K.-H. and Yoon, S.H., 2007. Comparison of alkenone equations for surface water temperature estimation in the Eastern South Sea and Southern East Sea, Korea, Oc. Polar Res. 29, 1-8. 493. Silina, A.V., 2006. Spatial Heterogeneity and Long-term Changes in Bivalve Annadara broughtoni Population: Influence of River Run-off and Fishery. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 211-219. (East Sea noted in text.)

494. Smestad, O.M, Hurlburt, H., Metzger, E.J., Rhodes, R.C., Shriver, J.F., Wallcraft, A.J. and Kara, A.B., 2003. An operational Eddy resolving 1/16° global ocean nowcast/forecast system. J. Mar. Syst. 40- 41, 341-361. (East Sea noted in text.).

495. Smith, S.R., Jacobs, G.A. and Leben, R.R., 2005. Determining the applicability of the barotropic approximation to the mean seasonal flow through the Tsushima/Korean Strait using variational assimilation. Deep-Sea Res. II, - Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1763-1783

496. Sohn, Y.K., 1995. Geology of Tok Island, Korea: eruptive and depositional processes of a shoaling to emergent island volcano. Bull. Volcanol. 56, 660-674. (East Sea noted in text).

497. Son, C.-B., Noda, H., Matsubara, Y., and Kuroiwa, M., 1997. Beach response to Sea-level rise around the Sea of Japan (East Sea). In: Proc. 7th Int. Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf. Chung, J,-S., Kim, C.-H., Olagnon, M., Naito, S. (eds.), Golden, CO, ISIOE 3, 885-890.

498. Son, M., Kim, I.-S. and Sohn, Y.-K., 2005. Evolution of the Miocene Waup Basis, SE Korea, in response to dextral shear along the southwestern margin of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). J. Asian E. Sci. 25, 529-544.

499. Son, S.-H., Platt, T. Bouman, H., Lee, D.-K. and Sathyendranath, S., 2006. Satellite observation of chlorophyll and nutrients increase induced by Typhoon Megi in the Japan/East Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, Art. L05607.

500. Song, M.Y. and Park, Y.A., 1984. Seismic Stratigraphy of the Inner Continental Shelves off the Korean Peninsula. In: Park, Y.A., Pilkey, O.H and Kim, S.W., (eds), Marine Geology and Physical Processes of the Yellow Sea, Proc. of Korea-US Seminar and Workshop, Seoul, Korea, June 19-23, 1984, 271-285. (East Sea noted in text)

501. Song, Y.T., 2006. Estimation of Interbasin transport using ocean bottom pressure: Theory and model for Asian marginal seas. J. Geophys. Res-Oceans 111, Art No. C11SS19NOV32006. (East Sea, Korea Strait noted in text).

502. Spall, M.A., 2002. Wind- and buoyancy-forced upper ocean circulation in two-strait marginal seas with applications to the Japan/East Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 107.

503. Suk, M.-S., 1988. Application of a Variational Inverse Model to Determine a Wintertime Circulation in the East Sea of Korea. Prog. Oceanogr. 21, 281-293.

504. Sung, W.M., Ryou, S.S., Ra, S.H. and Kwon, S.I., 2001. The interpretation of DST data for Donghae- I gas field, Block VI-1, Korea. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 18, 67-74. (Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

505. Takematsu, M., 1991. The ocean circulation in the East Sea. Proc. Symp. On the Sea between Korea and Japan. Seoul, 11-14.

506. Takikawa, T., Yoon, J.-H., Hase, H. and Cho, K.-D., 1999. Monitoring of the Tsushima Current at the Tsushima/Korea Straits. In: Proc. 3rd CREAMS Int. Sympos. Fukuoka, Japan, 15-18.

507. Talley, L.D., Lobanov, V.B., Tischenko, P. Ya., Ponomarev, V.I., Sherbinin, A.F. and Luchin, V.A., 2001. Hydrographic observations in the Japan/East Sea in winter, 2000, with some results from summer, 1999. Proc. CREAMS’2000 Int. Symp. 25-32.

508. Talley, L.D., Tischenko, P., Luchin, V. Nedashkovskiy, A., Sagalaev, S., Kang, D.-J., Warner, M. and Min, D.-H., 2004. Atlas of Japan (East) Sea hydrographic properties in summer, 1999. Prog. Oceanogr. 61, 277-348. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

509. Tawara, S., Fujiwara, T. and Miita, T., 1991. Short-term variability of sea surface temperature in the East Channel of the Korea Strait. Umi to Sora 66, 211-223.

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510. Teague, W.J., Hwang, P.A., Jacobs, G.A., Book, J.W. and Perkins, H.T., 2003. Transport variability across the Korea/Tsushima Strait and the Wake. Deep Sea Res. II, Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52,1784-1801.

511. Teague, W. J., Jacobs, G.A., Ko, D.-S., Tang, T.-Y., Chang, K.-I. and Suk, M.-S., 2003. Connectivity of the Taiwan, Cheju and Korea Straits. Cont. Shelf. Res. 23, 63-77. 512. Teague, W.J., Jacobs, G.A., Ko, D.S., Tang, T.Y., Chang, K.I-Y. and Kuk, M.-S., 2003. Connectivity of the Taiwan, Cheju and Korea Straits. Cont. Shelf. Res/ 23, 63-77. ( East Sea noted in text.)

513. Teague, W.J, Jacobs, G., Mitchell, D., Wimbush, M. and Watts, D.R., 2004. Decadal Current Variations in the Southwestern Japan/East Sea. Jour. Oceanogr. 60, 1023-1033.

514. Teague, W.J., Jacobs, G.A, Perkins, H.T., Book, J.W., Chang. K.-I. and Suk, M.-S., 2002. Low frequency current observations in the Korea Strait. J. Phys. Ocean 32, 162-164.

515. Teague, W.J., Perkins, H.T., Jacobs, G.A., and Book, J.W., 2001. Tide observations in the Korea- Tsushima Strait. Cont. Shelf Res. 21, 545-561.

516. Teague, W.J., Tracey, K.L., Watts, D.R., Book, J.W., Chang, K.-I. Hogan, P.J., Mitchell, D.A., Suk, M.-S., Wimbush, M. and Yoon, J.-H., 2005. Observed deep ocean circulation in the Ulleung Basin. Deep-Sea Res. II, Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 52, 1802-1826.

517. Thomas, L.N. and Lee, C.M., 2005. Intensification of Ocean Fronts by Down-Front Winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35, 1086-1102. (East Sea noted in text).

518. Tian,Y.J., Kidokoro, H. and Watanabe, T., 2006. Long-term changes in the fish community structure from the Tsushima warm current region of the Japan/East Sea with an emphasis on the impacts of fishing and climate regime shift over the last four decades. Prog. Oceanogr. 68, 217-237.

519. Tian,Y.J., Kidokoro, H. Watanabe, T. and Iguchi, N., 2008. The late 1980s regime shift in the ecosystem of Tsushima warm current in the Japan/East Sea: Evidence from historical data and possible mechanisms. Prog. Oceanogr. 77, 127-145.

520. Tischenko, P.Ya., Talley, L.D., Lobanov, V.B., Nedashkovskii, A.P., Pavlova, G. Yu., and Sagalaev, S.G., 2007. The influence of geochemical processes in the near-bottom layer on the hydrochemical characteristics of the waters of the Sea of Japan. Oceanology 47, 350-359, (Korea Strait noted in text.)

521. Tkalin, A.V., Lishavskaya, T.S., and Veretshak, A.A., 1996. Persistent organochlorines in the East Sea (Japan Sea). Oc. Res. 18, 159-163.

522. van Dyke, J.M., 2007. Legal Issues Related to Sovereignty over Dokdo and its Maritime Boundary. Oc. Develop. Intnl. Law 38, 157-224.

523. Watanabe, M., 2007. Simulation of temperature, salinity and suspended matter distributions induced by the discharge into the East China Sea during the 1998 flood of the Yangtze River. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Sci. 71,81-97. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

524. Wells, J.Y., 1988. Distribution of suspended sediment in the Korea Strait and southeastern Yellow Sea; onset of winter monsoons. Mar. Geol. 83, 273-284.

525. Wells, J.T. and Huh, K.O., 1984. Fall-season patterns of turbidity and sediment transport in the Korea Strait and the southeastern Yellow Sea. In: Ichiye, T. (ed.) Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 387-397.

526. Wells, J.T., Park, Y.A. and Choi, J.H., 1984. Storm-induced fine-sediment transport, west coast of South Korea. Geo-Mar. Lett. 4, 177-180. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

527. Won, J.-H., Kim, J.-W, Koh, G.-W. and Lee, J.-Y., 2005. Evaluation of Hydrogeological Characteristics in Jeju Island, Korea. Geosci. J. 9, 33-46. (East Sea noted in text).

528. Xu, Y.S., Watts, D.R., Randolph, D., Wimbush, M. and Park, J.-H., 2007. Fundamental-mode basin oscillations in the Japan/East Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, Art. No. L04605. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

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529. Yamada, K., Ishizaka, J. Yoo, S., Kim, H.-C. and Chiba, S., 2004. Seasonal and interannual variability of sea surface chlorophyll α concentration in the Japan/East Sea (JES). Progr. In Oceanogr. 61, 193-211.

530. Yamamoto, J., Kagi, H., Kawakami, Y., Hirano, N. and Nakamura, M., 2007. Paleo-Moho depth determined from the pressure of CO2 fluid inclusions: Paman spectroscopic barometry of mantle- and crust-derived rocks. E. Planet. Sci. Lett. 253, 369-377. (East Sea noted in text.) 531. Yang, S.-H., Kwon, K.K., Lee H.S. and Kim, S.-J., 2006. Shewanella spongiae sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge. J. Sys. Evol. Microbiol. 56, 2879-2882. (East Sea noted in text.)

532. Yi. S., Kim, B.-C., Han, H.-C. and Lee, S.-J., 2004. Late Pliocene vegetation and Asian monsoon climate changes in the ODP Site 98B, East Sea (Japan Sea) inferred from pollen records. In: Abs. Proc. 36th Mtg. American Assn. Stratigraphic Palynologists, Palynology 28, 268.

533. Yi, S.U., 1966. Seasonal and secular variations of the water volume transport across the Korea Strait. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea 1, 7-13

534. Yin, U.-K., Oh, J.-R., Hong, S.-L., Li, D.-H., Shim, W.-J., Choi, H.K., Kim, E.-S. and Shim, J.-H., 2002. Trace organic contaminants in sediments from deep-sea basin near Dokdo, Korea. Oc. Polar Res. 24, 391-398. (East Sea noted in text.)

535. Yong, J.-J., Park, S.-J., Kim, H.-J. and Rhee, S.-K., 2007. Glaciecola agarilytica sp. nov., an agar- digesting marine bacterium from the East Sea, Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 951-953.

536. Yoo, D.G. and Park, S.C., 1997. Late Quaternary lowstand wedges on the shelf margin and trough region of the Korea Strait. Sed. Geol. 109, 121-133.

537. Yoo, D.G. and Park, S.C., 2000. High-resolution seismic study as a tool for sequence stratigraphic evidence of high-frequency sea-level changes: latest Pleistocene-Holocene example from the Korea Strait. J. Sed. Res. 79, 296-309.

538. Yoo, D.G., Park, S.C., Shin, W.C. and Kim, W.S., 1996. Near-surface seismic facies at the Korea Strait shelf margin and trough region. Geo-Mar. Lett. 16, 49-56.

539. Yoo, D.-G., Park, S.-C., Sunwoo, D and Oh, J.-H., 2003. Evolution and chronology of late Pleistocene shelf-perched lowstand wedges in the Korea Strait. J. Asian E. Sci. 22, 29-39.

540. Yoo, H.-J., Herrmann, R.B., Cho, K.-H. and Lee, K., 2007. Imaging the Three-Dimensional Crust of the Korean Peninsula by Joint Inversion of Surface-Wave Dispersion and Teleseismic Receiver Functions.; Bull. Seismol. Soc. America 97, 1002-1011. (East Sea noted in text.)

541. Yoo, H.-S., Kim, S.-J., and Park, D.-W., 2005. Discovery of the Dmitri Donskoi ship near Ulleung Island (East Sea of Korea) using geophysical methods. Explor. Geophys. (Melbourne) 36, 104-111.

542. Yoo, S. and Kim, H.-C., 2004. Suppression and enhancement of the spring bloom in the southwestern East Sea/Japan Sea Deep Sea Res. II-Topical Studies in Oceanogr. 51, 1093-1111. (Ulleung Basin noted in text).

543. Yoon, J.-H and Kawamura, H., 2002. The Formation and Circulation of the Intermediate Water in the Japan Sea. J. Oceanogr. 58, 197-211. (East Sea noted in text).

544. Yoon, J.-H., Abe, K, Ogata, T. and Wakamatsu, Y., 2005. The effects of wind-stress curl on the Japan/East Sea circulation. Deep Sea Res. II-Topical Studies in Oceanography 52, 1827-1844.

545. Yoon, J.-H., Bae, S.E., Kang, S.-J. and Oh, T.-K., 2007. Rheinheimera aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea Int. J. Sys. Evol. Microbiol 57, 1386-1396.

546. Yoon, J.-H., Bae, S.E., Kang, S.-J. and Oh, T.-K., 2007. Erratum: Rheinheimera aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea (International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2007) vol. 57 (1386-1396). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol 57, 2725.

547. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J., Lee, M.-H., Oh, H.-W. and Oh, T.-K, 2006. Porphyrobacter dokdoensis sp. nov., isolated from sea water. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56, 1079-1083. (East Sea noted in text.)

548. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J., Lee, S.-Y., Lee, M.-H. and Oh, T.-K.,2007. Description of Sulfitobacter donghicola sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea, transfer of Staleya guttiformis

228 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

Labrenz et al.2000 to the genus Sulfitobacter as Sulfitobacter guttiformis comb. Nov. and emended description of the genus Sulfitobacter. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 1788-1792.

549. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J., Lee, S.-Y., and Oh, T.-K., 2005. Virgibacillus dokdoensis sp nov. isolated from a Korean Island, Dokdo, located at the edge of the East Sea in Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55, 1833-1837.

550. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J., Lee, S.-Y. and Oh, T.-K., 2007. Loktanella maricola sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 1799-1802.

551. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J. and Oh, T.-K., 2007a. Donghicola eburneus sp nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 73-76.

552. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.-J. and Oh, T.-K., 2007b. Sulfitobacter marinus sp. nov. isolated from seawater of the East Sea in Korea. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 302-305.

553. Yoon, J.-H., Kang, S.J., Park, S. and Oh, T.-K., 2007. Jannaschia donghaensis sp. nov. isolated from seawater of the East Sea, Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 2132-2136.

554. Yoon, J.-H., Lee, J.-H., Ryu, J.-S., Kato, C. and Kim, S.-J.,2007. Shewanella donghaensis sp. nov., a psychrophillic peizosensitive bacterium producing high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid, isolated from deep-sea sediments. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 208-212. (East Sea noted in text.)

555. Yoon, J.-H., Lee, S-Y., Kang, S.-J., Lee, C.-H. and Oh, T.-K., Pseudorugeria aquimaris gen. nov., sp nov., isolated from seawater of the East Sea of Korea. Int. J., Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 542-547.

556. Yoon, J.-H., Park, S.E., Kang, S.-J. and Oh, T.-K., 2007. Rheinheimera aquimaris sp. nov. isolated from seawater of East Sea in Korea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 1386-1390.

557. Yoon, S., 1997. Miocene-Pleistocene volcanism and tectonics in southern Korea and their relationship to the opening of the Japan Sea. Tectonophys. 281, 53-70. (Ulleung Basin, Korea Strait noted in text.)

558. Yoon, S.H., 1994. The eastern continental margin of Korea: seismic stratigraphy, geological structure and tectonic evolution. PhD. Dissertation, Seoul National Univ. Seoul, Korea, 235 pp. (East Sea, Ulleung Basin noted in text.)

559. Yoon, S.H. and Chough, S.K., 1995. Regional strike slip in the eastern continental margin of Korea and its tectonic implications for the evolution of Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan), Geol. Soc. America Bull. 107, 83-97.

560. Yoon, S.H., Chough, S.K. and Park, S.J., 2000. Sequence model and its application to a Miocene shelf-slope system in the tectonically active Ulleung Basin margin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geo- Marine Lett. 20, 20-26.

561. Yoon, S.H., Park, S.J., and Chough, S.K., 1997a. Western boundary fault systems of Ulleung back- arc Basin: further evidence of pull-apart opening. Geosci J. 1, 75-88. (East Sea noted in text.)

562. Yoon, S.H., Park, S.J., and Chough, S.K., 1997b. Multi-variable sequence Stratigraphic model and its application to shelf-slope system in the southwestern Ulleung Basin margin. Korean J. Petrol. Geol. 5, 36-47. (East Sea noted in text).

563. Yoon, S.H., Park, S.J., and Chough, S.K., 2002. Evolution of sedimentary basin in the southwestern Ulleung Basin margin: Sequence stratigraphy and geological structures. Geosci. J. 6, 149-159. (East Sea noted in text).

564. Yoon, S.H., Park, S.J., and Chough, S.K., 2003. Sequence model and its application to a Miocene shelf/slope system in the tectonically active Ulleung Basin margin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar. & Petrol. Geol. 20, 1081-1103.

565. Yoshikawa, Y., Matsuno, T., Marubayashi, K. and Fukudome, K. 2007. A surface velocity spiral observed with ADCP and HF radar in the Tsushima Strait. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 112, art. C06022. (Korea Strait noted in text.)

566. Yum, J.-G., Takemura, K., Tokuoka, T. and Yu, K.-M., 2003. Holocene environmental changes of the Hwajinpo Lagoon on the eastern coast of Korea. J. Paleolimnol. 29, 155-166. (East Sea noted in text.) 229 The 14th International Seminar on Sea Names Geography, Sea Names, and Undersea Feature Names

567. Yum, J.-G., Yu, K.-M., Takemura, K., Naruse, T, Kitamura,A., Kitagawa, H., and Kim, J.-C. 2004. Holocene evolution of the outer lake of Hwajinpo Lagoon on the eastern coast of Korea; environmental changes with Holocene sea-level fluctuation of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Radiocarbon 46, 797-808.

568. Yun, H, Yi, S., Oh, J., Byun, H. and Shin, K., 2007. Micropaleontological and seismic observations for early developmental stage of the southwestern Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). The Island Arc 16, 262-275.

569. Yun, J.H., Kang, S.H., Cho, K.D. and Moon, C.H., 1992. On the bottom water in the western channel in the Korea Strait 1-The inflow path of the bottom cold water. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. 25, 63-75.

570. Yun, J.-Y., Magaard, L., , Kim, K., Shin, C.-W., Kim, C. and Byun, S.-K., 2004. Spatial and temporal variability of the North Korean Cold Water leading to the near-bottom cold water intrusion in Korea Strait. Prog. Oceanogr. 60, 99-131.

571. Zamudio, L., Hurlburt, H.E., Metzger, E.J. and Tilburg, C.E., 2007. Tropical wave-induced oceanic eddies ad Cabo Corrientes and the Marina Islands, Mexico. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans 112, Art. No. C05048. (East Sea noted in text.)

572. Zhang, C. and Gong, Y., 2005. Effect of Ocean Climate Changes on the Korean Stock of Pacific Saury, Cololabis saira (BREVOORT). J. Oceanography 61, 313-325. (East Sea noted in text).

573. Zhang, C.I., Lee, J.B., Kim, S. and Oh, J.-H., 2000. Climatic regime shifts and their impacts on marine ecosystem and fisheries resources in Korean waters. Prog. Oceanogr. 47, 171-190. (East Sea noted in text.).

574. Zhang, C.I., Lee, J.B., Seo., Y.I., Yoon, S.C. and Kim, S., 2004. Variations in the abundance of fisheries resources and ecosystem structure in the Japan/East Sea. Progr. In Oceanogr. 61, 245- 265.

575. Zhang, C.-I., Yoon, S.C. and Lee, J.B., 2007. Effects of the 1988/89 climatic regime shift on the structure and function of the southwestern Japan/East Sea ecosystem. J. Mar. Syst. 67, 225-235.

576. Zhang, J.B., Cal, Z.P. and Huang, L.M., 2006. Population genetic structure of crimson snapper Lutjanus erythropterus in East Asia, revealed by analysis of the mitochondrial control region. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 63, 693-704. (East Sea noted in text.)

577. Zhu, B.-Q., Wang, H.-F., Chen, Y.-W., Chang, X.-Y. H u , Y. -G. and Xie, J., 2004. Geochronological and geochemical constraint on the Cenozoic extension of Cathaysian lithosphere and tectonic evolution of the border sea basins in East Asia. J. Asian E. Sci. 24, 163-175. (East Sea noted in text.)

578. Zhukhova, N.V. 2005. Variation in microbial biomass and community structure in sediments of Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan / East Sea), as estimated from fatty acid biomarkers. Ocean Sci. J. 40, 145-153.

579. Zuenko, Y,. M. Selina, and I. Stonik, 2006. On Conditions of Phytoplankton Blooms in the Coastal Waters of the North-Western East / Japan Sea. Oc. Sci. J. 41, 31-41.

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