# 4: ISSUE JULY 2020

Page: 23 Page: 10 Airport ICAO Covid-19 expansion projects safety guidelines

Page: 17 Page: 35 Covid-19 preparedness Mitigating the threat of Regional Airports of surface to Air missiles to Civilians Aeroplanes

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EDITOR IN CHIEF Contents Ssemawere Oscar MANAGING EDITOR Leila ismail IATA's roadmap to restating 04.. EDITORIAL AND PHOTOGRAPHIC aviation CONSULTANTS Ssemawere Oscar, Harriet James, ICAO: Application of Covid-19 10.. Leila Ismail, Jagwe Clinton safety management principles MARKETING CONSULTANT Sembajjwe Robert 17.. Covid-19 preparedness of KENYA CORRESPONDENT Regional Airports Harriet James CREATIVE TEAM 23.. Entebbe Airport expansion Ssemawere Oscar, Mulungi Daniel CREDITS 28.. ANTONOV 225: The biggest • ICAO aircraft in the world • IATA • Maximillian Mitigating the threat of surface Philberth Kalukamisa & Iddi Mshana 35.. to Air missiles to Civilians • Uganda CAA Aeroplanes • Antonov Airlines

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Your Number one Source Aviation News TheThe Aviator - July 2020 3 IATA

IATA's roadmap to restarting aviation

"Stay strong. We will get through this crisis and keep the world connected." Alexandre de Juniac, IATA's DG & CEO.

eneva - The International Air Transport Association G(IATA) represents some 290 airlines comprising 82% of global air traffic. IATA has released details of its proposed temporary layered approach to biosecurity for re-starting passenger flights amid the COVID-19 crisis.

IATA has published a Roadmap for Restarting Aviation which outlines IATA’s proposal for a layering of temporary biosecurity measures. The Roadmap aims to provide the confidence that governments will need to enable the re-opening of borders to passenger travel; and the confidence that travellers will need to return to flying. security. It’s the way forward Alexandre de “There is no single measure that for biosecurity as well,” said Juniac will reduce risk and enable a safe Alexandre de Juniac, IATA’s IATA's re-start of flying. But a layering Director General and CEO. DG & CEO measures that are globally implemented and mutually Highlights of the Roadmap recognized by governments can include: achieve the needed outcome. This is the greatest crisis that aviation Pre-flight, IATA foresees the has ever faced. A layered approach need for governments to collect has worked with safety and with passenger data in advance of

4 The Aviator - July 2020 IATA

travel, including health • Temperature automated bag drops information, which should screening by trained (with home printed bag be accomplished using government staff at entry tags) and self-boarding well-tested channels points to the terminal • Boarding should such as those used for building be made as efficient as eVisa or electronic travel • Physical distancing possible with re-designed authorization programs. through all passenger gate areas, congestion- At the departure airport, processes, including reducing boarding IATA foresees several queue management priorities, and hand layers of protective • Use of face luggage limitations measures: coverings for passengers • Cleaning and and masks for staff in line sanitization of high touch • Access to the with local regulations areas in line with local terminal building should • Self-service options regulations. This includes be restricted to airport/ for check-in used by wide availability of hand airline workers and passengers as much as sanitizer. travellers (with exceptions possible to reduce contact being made for those points and queues. This In- flight, IATA foresees accompanying passengers includes remote check- several layers of with disabilities or in (electronic / home protective measures: unaccompanied minors) printed boarding passes),

The Aviator - July 2020 5 IATA

• Face coverings required for customs and border for all passengers and non- control including use of mobile surgical masks for crew applications and biometric • Simplified cabin service technologies (which have and pre-packaged catering to already proven track record by reduce interaction between some governments) passengers and crew • Accelerated processing • Reduced congregation and baggage reclaim to enable of passengers in the cabin, for social distancing by reducing example by prohibiting queues congestion and queuing for washrooms. • Health declarations and • Enhanced and more robust contact tracing are frequent deep cleaning of the expected to be undertaken cabin by governments to reduce At the arrival airport, IATA the risk of imported chains of foresees several layers of transmission protective measures: • Temperature screening IATA stressed that these by trained government staff if measures should be temporary, required by authorities regularly reviewed, replaced • Automated procedures when more efficient options

6 The Aviator - July 2020 IATA are identified or removed Temperature screening safe re-start of aviation. should they become reduces the risk of “The Roadmap is the unnecessary. Specifically, symptomatic passengers industry’s high-level IATA expressed hope in from traveling, while thinking on safely re- two areas which could health declarations and starting aviation. be ‘game-changers’ in contact tracing after facilitating efficient travel arrival reduce the risk of Timing is critical. until a vaccine is found: imported cases developing Governments understand into local chains of the importance of COVID-19 testing: transmission. aviation to the social and economic recovery of IATA supports testing when • Social distancing on their countries and many scalable, accurate and board (leaving the middle are planning a phased re- fast results are available. seat open) is obviated opening of borders in the Testing at the start of by the wearing of face coming months. We have the travel process would coverings by all on board a short time to reach create a ‘sterile’ travel on top of transmission agreement on the initial environment that would reducing characteristics standards to support safely reassure travellers and of the cabin (everybody reconnecting the world governments. is front facing, air flow and to firmly establish is from ceiling to floor, that global standards are Immunity passports: seats provide a barrier to essential to success. This forward/aft transmission, will change as technology IATA would support the and air filtration systems and medical science development of immunity that operate to hospital advances. The vital passports to segregate operating theatre element is coordination. no-risk travellers, at a standards). time when these are If we don’t take these backed by medical The mutual recognition of first steps in a harmonized science and recognized by globally agreed measures is way, we will spend many governments. critical for the resumption painful years recovering of international travel. ground that should not IATA reiterated its IATA is reaching out have been lost,” said de opposition to social to governments with Juniac. distancing on board the Roadmap. This aircraft and quarantine engagement is in support For more information, measures on arrival: of the COVID-19 Aviation please contact: Recovery Task Force Corporate • Quarantine (CART) of the International Communications measures are obviated Civil Aviation Organization Tel: +41 22 770 2967 by the combination of (ICAO) which is tasked Email: corpcomms@iata. temperature checks with developing the global org and contact tracing. standards needed for the

The Aviator - July 2020 7

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The Aviator - July 2020 9 News ICAO: Application of Covid-19 safety management principles

he decision-making process involves Tassessing the COVID-19 situation and the collection and analysis of available data and information within the State.

The following provides a safety risk management approach using the plan–do– check–act (PDCA) cycle for managing aviation safety risks during the pandemic. The safety management principles as described can be applied by States at different levels of SSP implementation.

Step 1: PLAN Assessing the priorities within the aviation sector Service providers will encounter different manage their safety risks of parked aircraft). challenges and will need more effectively. Some The existing surveillance different strategies when operations may change plans should also be dealing with the situation. due to travel restrictions, reviewed as many the increased demand for organizational and The maturity of the the transport of cargo, operational aspects of the service providers safety etc. As a result, service service provider may have management system providers will have to changed. The pandemic (SMS) should be taken shift their operations to will also impact many into consideration as this respond (e.g. maintenance aspects that should also will affect their ability organizations will focus on be considered, such as to identify, prioritize and storage and maintenance safety culture, people

10 The Aviator - July 2020 NEWS

behaviours, the reporting system, budgets for training, SMS effectiveness, etc.

This will require coordination with industry and a plan to prioritize activities as well as CAA resources. The analysis of data collected should be used to support the management of resources. CAAs and service providers should establish a strategic plan with a timeline that supports the management of the next steps.

Planning for the restart of operations

Even at an early stage, planning for the restart of operations will help to plan resources and manage the limited capacity of CAAs. This will require coordination and communication with public health authorities based on forecasts and would want to review. It is ICAO Council projections. It would also be expected that service providers President Salvatore important to work closely with could use a combination of Sciacchitano industry on their intentions their emergency response plan for limiting and restarting (ERP) and their management of operations so that it is planned change procedures to restart and managed effectively. This operations. would include determining what is expected of service providers Step 2: DO for when restarting operations, Determining the specific which could include requesting aviation safety risks for the a restart plan that would be State agreed by the CAA. CAAs should apply a safety Guidance should be provided on risk management approach, what documentation the CAA through the analysis of

The Aviator - July 2020 11 NEWS

available data collected to CAAs should ensure the pandemic (such as understand the context, that all the relevant sports and recreational and specific hazards department experts are flying) to reduce the and risks caused by the involved as some safety workload on ATC services pandemic on the aviation risks will overlap different that may be running on system. Some CAAs may regulatory domains. reduced resources. have to rely on subject matter expert opinion Taking action to manage To expedite many of from both within the CAA and mitigate unacceptable these actions, the and industry if there is only safety risks normal regulatory change limited data available. mechanisms may need to Once an understanding of be adapted or delivered This should include the safety risks have been through “supplementary” analysing the hazards and identified, CAAs should directives. It may be useful safety risks related to decide on any actions it to initially encourage the CAAs capabilities and should take to manage action on a voluntary resources as well as those those risks during the basis while developing more specific to industry. pandemic. This would not the formal directives or It is important to consider necessarily mean the use regulatory changes. the hazards and safety of exemptions. Identifying human factors risks at the different and human performance stages of the pandemic These actions could be to related risks as they will vary at each enable the acceleration of stage. processes and prioritizing It is important to CAA work and resources recognize that there will Where possible CAAs (e.g. humanitarian and be a significant impact on should carry out safety risk repatriation flights). It the people working within assessments to identify should also consider the the aviation community. the more significant safety risks of taking no action as This is likely to continue risks, identify when State this may have longer term and possibly change once action is needed and to impact during the restart operations are restarted. prioritize those actions. activities. CAAs should address this risk with the senior The level of detail of Having a better management of service safety risk assessments understanding of the safety providers to determine conducted may vary from risks will make it easier how they are managing a formal quantitative to to prioritize surveillance the impact on its people a qualitative safety risk activities and determine and the safety culture of assessment supported by what can be postponed. the organization. subject matter experts. CAAs may also take action When carrying out any to restrict or stop certain This includes the risk of safety risk assessment aviation activities during errors due to distractions,

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stress, fatigue, staff requests, which should CAAs (e.g. to support any or relatives who are be based on safety risk requests for extensions sick, unfamiliarity with management approach. and for the restart of the changing tasks, extended Sector-wide exemptions aviation system). 5-4 ICAO working hours, competing could also be issued. Handbook for CAAs on the priorities, etc. Management of Aviation This would need careful Safety Risks related to Developing an approach consideration as service COVID-19 for evaluating exemptions, providers will have unique including the need for activities and different If CAAs choose not to any appropriate risk safety risks. However, this allow exemptions this mitigations may be beneficial for CAAs may result in the lapse as it may be useful for of licenses and approvals If the health measures managing resources and delaying the restart of put in place to address movement restrictions. operations by service the spread of COVID-19 providers, as training and impacts the renewal of Note: recency requirements will medical certificates, ICAO is supporting need to be addressed. licenses and approvals, discussions on service providers may alleviations applicable CAAs will have to decide request exemptions to to different operational whether to accept keep operating. Requests domains through the exemptions issued for exemptions should be publication of Quick by other States that reviewed on a case-by-case Reference Guides (QRG). constitute differences basis and accompanied by from ICAO Standards and a safety risk assessment CAAs will also need to Recommended Practices and proposals for consider the magnitude, (SARPs). In exercising additional risk mitigation nature and aggregated its sovereignty under to be applied to reduce risk of accepting multiple the Chicago Convention, the safety risk. CAAs may exemptions from the CAAs should determine if take into consideration same service provider or the exemptions granted practices being an organization that holds consider safety risk implemented by other multiple certificates. management approach States, keeping in mind and are suitable for its own operational considerations The responsibilities for State aviation system. that may vary between risk acceptance, related States and between to exemptions with Note: service providers. accompanying mitigations The Convention on accepted during this International Civil CAAs should establish a period, need to be Aviation (Doc 7300, process for the review and clearly documented by Chicago Convention), acceptance of exemption service providers and to notify ICAO of any

The Aviator - July 2020 13 NEWS

differences that may exemptions to check that arise, temporary Existing State safety the expiry dates have not differences resulting performance indicators been exceeded and if from COVID-19 shall be (SPIs) should continue to the required safety risk notified as requested in be monitored but there mitigations are in place. State letter AN 11/55- should be recognition This includes follow-up 20/50, dated 3 April that any trends, targets actions once operations 2020. These differences and alert levels may not have been restarted. can result from changes be statistically valid as a in regulations or as result in the reduction of Monitoring of occurrences exemptions granted operations. and trends during this period. ICAO has facilitated Monitoring exemptions This process will have a such procedures by and the effectiveness of significant impact on how developing the COVID-19 safety risk mitigations in CAAs manage occurrences Contingency-related place and monitors them for Differences (CCRD). trends, which may require This will require a more detailed review of Step 3: Check and Act communication and individual occurrences as Identifying potential coordination with industry trends may be misleading indicators for monitoring stakeholders. This may due to the change of the COVID-19 situation include regular meetings operations. This may also to discuss proposals, and delay the speed at which CAAs should monitor to share challenges and occurrences are reported the progress of the lessons learned. This to CAAs and closed by the pandemic and the impact should also include the service provider. of mitigations taken by agreement of proposed other State authorities actions to measure and Reassessing priorities and, on the aviation system. monitor the effectiveness if required, modifying In addition, indicators of safety risk mitigations the strategy, identifying should be established in place. This will potential unintended that are specific to support potential future consequences managing the safety risks extensions and eventual resulting from COVID-19 termination (upon restart Throughout this period the and the associated long- of the aviation system). activities will need to be term impacts to the continuously monitored aviation system. Data SPIs should consider the as situations can change to monitor indicators impact and effectiveness of rapidly. CAAs should need to be collected and any exemption(s) granted, review and update their should include existing including deadlines and understanding of their top occurrence reporting extensions. There should safety risks, as needed. systems. also be means to monitor

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This would benefit from communication with a described in this guidance. a management team service provider. Time Once the pandemic is over, that will monitor the should be prioritised in CAAs should capitalize situation and can make discussing changes, safety on their efforts to apply decisions if a change in risks and hazards to ensure lessons learned during strategy is needed. The that the service provider the COVID-19 pandemic SSP coordination group is carrying out effective to continue building on or an ad-hoc group that hazard identification. their SSP implementation, reports directly to the SSP making further progress coordination group could Reporting systems and towards addressing do this. documenting lessons contingency planning and learned improving the effectiveness Adapting oversight and of their safety management surveillance activities It is important that functions. lessons learned are During restrictions on documented and shared. Repeat the PDCA Cycle movement routine on- Service providers should site surveillance may not be encouraged to share Safety risk management is a be possible. Surveillance lessons learned, even continuous activity, making should be based on a safety though they are going the the PDCA cycle useful risk management approach through challenging times. throughout an infectious as described previously. It is important that the disease outbreak. During Remote and desktop reporting systems remain the evolution of this surveillance activities may in place and in use, helping pandemic, risks will change be performed to carry out CAAs collect data that may and the initial plans and a review of documents, be of value to review as the actions will need to be procedures and evidence aviation system restarts. monitored to ensure that of activities, such as they remain current and operational and audit There may even be a need appropriate. records, risk registers and to reenergize reporting SPIs. systems through a safety This may be as a result promotion campaign. CAAs of new safety data and Checklists could be should also document information becoming distributed to service lessons learned from available. This could lead providers, with evidence State perspective and are to adapting what is being of compliance provided encouraged to share these monitored and result in by the organization itself. with other States, RSOOs, different actions being Audits can be conducted RASGs and PIRGs. taken. This also enables via teleconference and the lessons learned to be adjusted to the operations It is important that CAAs fed back into the safety of the service providers. record key meetings and risk management processes decisions taken when and activities. This will likely be the applying the safety only method of direct management principles

The Aviator - July 2020 15 Advert

16 The Aviator - July 2020 Airports Preparedness of Entebbe airport and other regional airports to control the spread of covid 19

1. Entebbe International Airport was instituted to set standards that will help in curbing the spread of COVID 19 at Entebbe International airport.

. Strategic tents that were donated by WFP were erected at the Apron side of the arrivals area. The three tents A, B and C are strategic in that;

- The 1st tent “TENT A” is where all arriving passengers will converge or cue up for basic temperature checks, check for flu By Oscar Ssemawere & Leila Ismail here have been symptoms, identify major safety changes passengers from high Tat Entebbe Airport COVID risk countries intended to control the and verification of spread of COVID19while health certificates. observing ICAO recommended Passengers will then standards. proceed to the main terminal building These include; “immigration” except . A technical committee that those that will require is headed by Dr. Eyul James more investigation.

The Aviator - July 2020 17 Airports

the said passengers will be engaged by technical teams on choice of quarantine center and the way forward. From TENT C the passenger will be taken by the standby ambulance 🚑 tothequarantine center. - The other two small tents shall be used for administration and security

🚑 Inside the main terminal building at the arrivals area airport authorities shall ensure that passengers adhere to the set SOPs e.g use of masks, sanitizing, social distancing etc while going through immigration and baggage collection areas. Ugandan passengers will also be encouraged to use the self service immigration system

🚑 Luckily enough the maintenance and upgrade activities at Entebbe International Airport were meant to reduce congestion at the check in and arrivals areas. These include; - Those that to the main terminal expanding the departure will require more building “immigration”. lounge, increase VIP comfort, investigation will then Whereas those with enhance baggage handling be guided to TENT B inconclusive or positive efficiency. in which the medics results shall be guided will carry out several to TENT C. 🚑 Departure passengers tests. Those with will equally be subjected to negative COVID 19 - TENT C will be an the same conditions on top of results shall proceed isolation center in which carrying a health certificate.

18 The Aviator - July 2020 Airports

2. Dar Er Salaam “Julius Nyererre" International Airport

close monitoring of the trend of the disease in the country and taking into consideration the statistics released by President John Magufuli on Sunday.

He said it was clear the number of new cases was going down, and thus the government has decided to open up the space to allow international flights from various parts of the world. "With this announcement, all On 18-May-2020, The Children in handling the international flights minister of transport airlines and all passengers are allowed to land and directed the Tanzania Civil who will jet in with tourists. take off from today in Aviation Authority (TCAA) our airports across the to inform the world aviation Furthermore, country," he explained. body on the government EngKamwelwe directed the decision to open up its air national flag carrier, Air However, the minister space. Tanzania Company Limited said the government is (ATCL) to come up with a seriously adhering to He added that the Tanzania strong plan that will help it the guidelines issued Airports Authority (TAA) to resume routes. by the World Health and Kilimanjaro Airports The minister said the Organisation (WHO) Development Company opening of the air space as well as preventive (KADCO) must set up also opens up other sectors measures and directives plans that will ensure especially the tourism issued by the Ministry close cooperation with sector, which is crucial for of Health, Community the Ministry of Health, the country's economic Development, Gender, Community Development, growth. Elderly and Children. Gender, Elderly and The minister said after

The Aviator - July 2020 19 Airports

3. Kigali International Airport

The suspension of The arrival terminal facilities for passenger aviation travel due to the will be extended to and baggage processing, Coronavirus pandemic has have an extra passenger and installing mechanical allowed the Government processing area, allowing people-moving devices, to embark on upgrades of it to fully comply with when walking distances major areas of the Kigali the International Civil and the traffic volume International Airport. Aviation Organization within and across terminal (ICAO) standards. buildings so warrant. Rwanda Airports Company (RAC), charged with The target is to cut back They also plan on installing running operations of on queues to expedite the flight information the airport, has said that flow of passengers and systems capable of the ongoing upgrade avoid congestion in the providing accurate, works will see the airport terminal area. adequate and up-to- increase its aircraft the-minute information parking capacity, arrival ICAO international on departures, arrivals, terminal and the runway standards for arrivals cancellations, delays, and strip. recommends countries terminal/gate allocations to implement automated as mentioned.

20 The Aviator - July 2020 Airports

4. Jomo Kenyatta International Airport

Kenya has strategized Each with 15 participants The training was opened by health workers at the while meeting social Thomas Wimmer, Deputy Jomo Kenyatta airport distancing requirements. Head of Mission and Head and according to the EAC Thus a total of 240 key Economic Affairs, Embassy headquarters, the Jomo personnel were trained of the Federal Republic of Kenyatta airport started as trainers to implement Germany, , Kenya. training on the 26th of May the development and in the capacity of staff at condition of targeted for Additional dignitaries the eight international the rest of the airport. included the Kenya Civil airports in the region on Avian Authority (KCAA) - the prevention of and Training participants were Director-General, Captain response to the spread of drawn from the airport Gilbert Kibe, Kenya Airport COVID-19 ahead of Partner key stakeholders at Jomo Authority, Managing States resuming their flight Kenyatta International Director Linus Kibe , the schedules as enhanced by airport including cabin Executive Director of the EAC secretariat. and aircrew staff, CASSO, Emile Ngao as immigration, port health well the Jomo Kenyatta The training composed amongst others. International airport of two 2 day courses. Manager, Abel Gogo.

The Aviator - July 2020 21 NEWS

22 The Aviator - July 2020 Infrastructure ENTEBBE AIRPORT EXPANSION

he Entebbe cargo village to handle dedicated cargo aircraft International Airport 100,000 tns a year from • Construction of a multi Tproject that started 52,000 tns a year. storied car park and in 2015 is part of a 20-year • Installation of an construction of new National Aviation Master automated baggage airport staff parking. Plan (2014-2033) expected sorting system • Construction of new to be completed in 2034. • Construction of new fuel storage terminal to The project is in three arrivals and departure handle 15 million liters phases, with the first phase blocks from 7.5 million litres being completed this year. • Installation of new • Construction of a aircraft parking stands new fuel hydrant and Some notable changes to to serve IATA code C pipeline system be made include; • Expand and Strengthen • Construct a new water existing runways storage tank for the Fire • Expansion of 17/35 and 12/30 plus Department to handle 1 thePassenger terminal associated taxiways F,G million litres of water building to handle 3 and H. from 32,000 litres and million passengers a • Rehabilitationof install and onsite water year from 1.5 million a aprons 1,2 and 4and supplying system year. construction of new • Construction of a new • Construction of a new apron to handle search park

Old Departures area at Entebbe International Airport

The Aviator - July 2020 23 Infrastructure

New Departures Area at the new extension of the Passenger Terminal Building

Interior of the Departures Area

24 The Aviator - July 2020 Infrastructure

Elevated road to the Departures Area Access road to cargo village

Apron side of the Cargo village building and New Apron Land side of the Cargo village

Resurfacing of the runway completed Runway extension being completed

Old fire station water tank New fire station water tank

The Aviator - July 2020 25 Infrastructure

Infrastructure

Old Cargo Bonds and Cargo offices that will be moved to create space for more expansion of the Passenger Terminal

PROJECT DETAILS CONTRACTOR AMOUNT PROGRESS

Expansion of -Construction of new cargo center China Construction USD 200m 90% Entebbe and apron Communications complete International Airport Company (CCCC) -Rehabilitation & Expansion of apron 1,2 & 4

-Resurfacing of runway 12/36 &associated taxiways

-Resurfacing of runway 17/35 & associated taxiways

-Construction of new passenger terminal buildings

-Construction of new domestic & fire water tanks

-Expansion of the fuel hydrant

Modification of the -Modification and expansion of Seyani Brothers (u) Ugx 42.6 Billion 90% Passenger Terminal existing passenger terminal building Ltd complete Building -Expand Departure and arrival areas

-Increase commercial spaces

-Elevate access road to departures

-Beautify landside passenger terminal building area

Construction of New -Construction of new search park IBB International Ltd Ugx 4.7 billion 100% Search park several meters before the old one Complete with office block, two additional lanes, lavatories, new communication system and steel frame shed

Construction of New -Construct new storage firm with a Tristar group Ongoing Fuel Storage Facility bigger capacity

-Construction of a new hydrant and pipeline system

Construction of new -Construction of new offices for TBA TBA Not Started Cargo Center cargo companies and clearing agents

26 The Aviator - July 2020 The Aviator - July 2020 27 Antonov 225

ANTONOV 225: THE BIGGEST CARGO AIRCRAFT IN THE WORLD

The AN-225 ‘Mriya’, a six-engine aircraft designed on basis of the AN-124 ‘Ruslan’, is unique aircraft. Not only has it set 240 world records, but it is a record-breaker in its own right. The AN-225 is the holder of two Guinness World Record: the aircraft with the heaviest take-off weight; and the largest wingspan of any aircraft currently flying.

28 The Aviator - July 2020 Antonov 225

The Aviator - July 2020 29 Antonov 225

30 The Aviator - July 2020 Antonov 225

The Aviator - July 2020 31 Antonov 225

32 The Aviator - July 2020 Antonov 225

The Aviator - July 2020 33 - Passenger and Cargo Air charter flights - Flight support services e.g fueling, handling, aircraft permits, meet & greet e.t.c - Co-ordinate Aircraft maintenance Aircraft parts - Co-ordinate Aviation Training - GSA for air operators

34 The Aviator - July 2020 Innovation Mitigating the threat of surface to air missiles to civilian aeroplanes

urface ta Air System(MANPADS). They of of about 10km and Missiles(SAM) are are missiles designed engagement range of Salso known as Ground to be launched from 6km to Air Missile(GTAM) or the ground to destroy Surface to Air Guided aeroplanes or other Missiles are generally Weapon(SAGW) or missile. They are anti categorized into three technically as Man- aircraft system and can types depending on the Portable Air Defence have a detection range method used by the

The Aviator - July 2020 35 Innovation

missiles to detect and aviation security. The occupants of the aircraft reach the target. presence of armed forces, perished in the accident They include Infrared terrorists blended with Homing Missiles, the limited capability iv. On the evening of 6 Command Line of Sight to improve and extend April 1994, the aeroplane Missiles and Laser security beyond airport Dassault Falcon 50 Guided Missiles. Infrared perimeters and modify carrying Rwandan and Homing Missiles use flight paths leaves civil Burundian presidents infrared emissions from aircrafts vulnerable to Juvenal Habyarimana the aircraft to track missile attacks. Some of and Cyprian Ntaryamira and follow it. They the notable cases involve respectively was shot are reffered as hear down with surface to air seekers and home-in on i. On 8 January 2020, missiles as it prepared to engine exhaust plume. Ukraine International land in Kigali, Rwanda. Command in Line of Sight Airline Flight 752(PS752) Flight had originatd Missile (CLOS) reach the operating a B737-800 from Dar es Salaam target by being guided from Tehran to Kiev international airport, visually by the gunner was shot down shortly Tanzania. The accident using magnified optical after take-off from killed all 12 people sight and radio control Tehran Imam Khomeini on board and incited to fly the missile to the International Airport. All Rwandan genocide aircraft. 176 passengers and crews died v. On 28 November 2002, CLOS missiles are immune two surface toair missiles to flares and counter ii. On July 17, 2014. The were fired at a chartered measures designed to Malaysia Airline Flight B757 airliner as it took off defeat infrared homing 17(MH17) operating a from Moi International missiles. And Laser B777 was brought down Airport. Fortunately, Guided Missile uses a over Eastern Ukrain after the missiles missed the beam being focused on being struck by a surface aircraft and it continued the target by the gunner to air missile safely to TelAviv and the missile identifies the aircraft to hit based iii. The Lignes Aeriennes vi. On 29 September on the laser spot Congolaises, a non- 1998, the Timil Tigers scheduled flight from shot down using surface Threats to civilian Kindu to Kinshasa was to air missile the Lion aircrafts posed by surface shot down by rebel Air flight 602 operating to air missiles and other forces just after take- the Antonov 24RV off the stand-off weapons are off from Kindu airport on coast of sri-Lanka. The vexing concerns for 10 October 1998. All 41 accident claimed the

36 The Aviator - July 2020 Innovation lives of all 55 occupants not have to rely on only would be using un-manned the mentioned above aerial vehicle(UAV) to Following threats that countermeasures but also patrol the skies over the surface to Air Missiles consider the following airport pose on aviation security, course of actions new technologies have iii. Shared intelligency and been developed as i. Pilot training for international cooperation countermeasures to likelyhood of surface to should be promoted and reduce their threats to air missiles to ensure increased to foil surface aircrafts. aircraft survivability. to air missile attacks, Commercial airliner crews increase pilots awareness They comprise of Infrared are to routinely be trained and cautiousness decoys flares that can to deal with more and confuse infrared homing serious damage caused by iv. Disrupting surface to air missile, Direct Infrared surface to air missile. missile training by limiting Countermeasures(DIRCMs) availability of training which cause the missile The training can be manuals and publications seekers to misread the enhanced by simulation in the internet location of the aircraft and training and specific miss its target. And Missile strike scenario, evasive v. Limiting the use of Warning System(MWS) maneouver training surface to air missles to are capable of alerting as well as adapting only authorised operations an aircraft of incoming flight path on take-off and persons by designing missile. and landing steepy to missiles with micro- minimize time in danger electronics, computerised However, these zone. The importance and and GPS connections so countermeasures would success of pilot training as to restrict the use by take years to be installed was demonstrated by DHL unauthorised users or in aeroplanes as they pilots in Iraq who landed towards civilian aircrfts are costly for about $1-4 their plane safely after a operating in the zone. million per aeroplane and surface to air missile hit are likely to be ineffective Thank you very much for against next generation ii. Protection of approach reading surface to air missile and departure paths by due to technological policing near by airport Author, advancement areas using unscheduled Maximillian Philberth helicopter patrols alonfg Kalukamisa For these reasons, efforts unpredictable routes Editor, to mitigate the use of with known or suspected Wadh-Hat Mustafa Hamid surface to air missile threats of surface to air on civilian aircrafts do missiles. Another way

The Aviator - July 2020 37 Kenya Aviation KENYAKENYA AVIATION CONTACTS CONTACTS

KENYA CIVIL AVIATION Ltd Lokichoggio , Langata Road, AUTHORITY Airport (Main Aircraft Base) Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 020 P.O. Box 74, Lokichoggio, Kenya 607 238 Email: blueskyavi@ Jomo Kenyatta International Email: [email protected] nbi.ispkenya.com Fleet: LET 410, Airport, Tel: +254 054 32048 Cessna 402. P.O. Box 30163 – 00100 Nairobi, Kenya A-D Aviation Ltd Services Tel: +254 020 827 470 Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Fax: +254 020 822 300 P.O. Box 47906 – 000100, Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Capt Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Julie H. Mohammed Tel: +254 McCann Tel: +254 020 603 020 602 338 Email: bbal@ AIR OPERATORS ASSOCIATION 041 Cell: +254 722 516 135 bluebirdaviation.com Fleet: Email: adaviation@swiftkenya. , King Air 200 Kenya Association of Air com Fleet: King Air 200 Operators, Wilson Airport, Boskovic Air Charters Ltd Langata Road, P.O. Box 15013, Airworks Ltd Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 020 KRA Hanger, Wilson Airport, Nairobi, Kenya Contact: John 606 914 Langata Road, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 0 20 606 364 Cell: Air Cargo Operations Contacts Contact: Larry Roberts Tel: +254 0 722 203 852 Fax: +254 +254 020 604 470 Cell: +254 0 20 609 619 Email: boskyops@ AIR OPERATORS 724 316 047 Email: lroberts@ swiftkenya.com Web: www. iconnect.co.ke Fleet: Beech 1900, boskovicaircharters.com Fleet: 748 Air Services Ltd. King Air 200, Cessna Caravan Beech Baron, Cessna 310, Cessna Head Office, Wilson Airport, 404, 6x Cessna Caravan, King Air 748 Plaza, Langata Road, P.O ALS Ltd 200. Box 53012 – 00200, Nairobi, Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Kenya Contact: Samir Abdo Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Shakeel Capital Airlines Ltd Tel: +254 020 606 532 Cell: Khan Tel: +254 020 608 362 Wilson Airport, Langata Road, +254 722 410 257 Email: Cell: +254 722 523 876 Email: P.O. Box 49232 – 00100, [email protected] or [email protected] or [email protected] Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Capt [email protected] Web: www.als.co.ke Fleet: 2x Himat Vaghela Tel: +254 0 20 Web: www.748airservices.com Dash-8, Buffalo DHC-5, 8x Beech 602 984 Cell: +254 0 722 823 Fleet: Antonov 26, Antonov 28, 1900, 2x King Air 200, Cessna 954 Email: cal@africaonline. Antonov 32 HS748, LET 410, Caravan co.ke Web: www.capitalairlines. King Air 200 biz Fleet: Cessna 310, Cessna Ltd Caravan, Citation Bravo, King Air 748 Air Services Ltd. Wilson Airport, Langata Road, 200 Jomo Kenyatta International Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Sanjeev Airport Office, 1st Floor, Room Gadhia Tel: +254 020 444 1085 East African Air Charters Wilson 213, Central Business Building, Cell: +254 733 513 120 Email: Airport, Langata Road, Nairobi, Jomo Kenyatta International [email protected] Web: Kenya Tel: +254 020 603 859 Airport Arrivals, Nairobi, Kenya www.astral-aviation.com Fleet: Email: admin@eaaircharters. Tel: +254 020 827 499 Fax: Antonov 12, Antonov 72, Ilyushin co.ke Fleet: 3x Grant Caravans, +254 020 827 499 76 Cessna 406, 2x Cessna 310, Cessna 210, Cessna 206, 2x Blue Sky Aviation Ltd Cessna 182

38 The Aviator - July 2020 Kenya Aviation

AIRPORT CONTACT DETAILS www.als.co.ke Email: res@als. Phoenix Aviation co.ke, [email protected] Website: Wilson Airport, Langata Road, http://www.als.co.ke Wilson Airport Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Florence Nairobi Tel: +254 020 605 836 Email: African Sky Charters Tel: +254- Pilot line: +254 020 6003 925 or [email protected] 20-601467/ 8, 602899 Email: 6009 870 Fleet: 2x King Air 200, Citation [email protected] Fax: +254 020 6004 692 Bravo. Jomo Kenyatta International Air Works Airport Trackmark Ltd Tel: +254-20-608745, 607905 Nairobi Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Email: [email protected] Pilot line: +254 020 827 100 Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Susie Fax: +254 020 827 102 Tel: +254 020 603 582 Email: Bluebird Aviation Moi International Airport [email protected] Tel: +254-20-603062, 602337 Mombasa Fleet: HS748, Cessna 208, King Email: bluebird @Kenya online Pilot line: +254 041 3433416 or Air 200. Website: http://www.bluebird. 3433024 or com 3433020 or 34330251 Tradewings Ltd Fax: +254 041 3432 069 JKIA, P.O. Box 42474 – 00100, Commuter Air Services Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Adrian Tel: +254-20-604224, 602604 Malindi Wilcox Tel: +254 0 20 602 721 Email: [email protected] Pilot line: +254 042 30463 Cell: +254 0 722 520 561 Email: Fax: +254 042 30428 [email protected] Fleet: East African Air Charters Kisumu airport Embrarer 110 Tel: +254-20-603858, 605862 Kisumu Email: admin@eaaircharters. Pilot line: +254 057 202 4499 or United Airlines Ltd co.ke 202 5658 Fax: +254 057 202 1035 Wilson Airport, Langata Road, Eldoret International Airport P.O. Box 53521 – 00200, Everett Aviation Eldoret Nairobi, Kenya Contact: Capt Elly Tel: +254-20-601638,608785 Pilot line: +254 053-2062966, Aluvale Tel: +254 020 600 773 Email: operations@ 0722403444 Cell: +254 733 512 074 Email: everettaaviation.com Website: Fax: +254 053-2062965 [email protected] Fleet: 2x http://www.everettaviation.com Airport LET 410, Cessna 310 Wajir Executive Turbine Pilot line: +254 046 421 024 OTHER OPERATORS Tel: +254-20-604318 Email: Fax: +254 046 421 024 [email protected] Airport Air Kenya Lokichogio Tel: +254-20-563636, 557478 Kenya School of Flying Pilot line: +254 054 32292, 0723 (Nairobi) +254-20-605728/30, Tel: +254-42-30370,722264835 560 981, 602951 (Wilson Airport) +254- Email: Aeronav@swiftmalindi. 0734 594 038 720-054940, 736-522404 com Poror Radar Station (Mombasa) Email: enquries@ Poror airkenya.com Website: http:// Knight Aviation Tel/Fax: +254 065 2022075 www.airkenya.com Tel: +254-20-608101, 607894

Email: knight @todays.co.ke Mua Hills Radar Station ALS Limited Mua Hills Tel: +254-20-605510, 607185, Phoenix Aviation Tel: +254 354 245 620 609864, 727666222, 733666262 Tel: +254-20-601643,604048 Central Transmitting Station & Mobile: +254727666222, Email: [email protected] Workshops 733666262 Website: http:// Pilot line: +254 354 273 520

The Aviator - July 2020 39 Uganda Aviation UGANDA AVIATION CONTACTS

ENTEBBE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Administration Esso Corner, Jinja Road, Kampala - SERVICE CONTACTS Tel: +256 (312) 352-031 Uganda. Fax: +256 41 4322989 Tel: 0200 406 400 Civil Aviation Authority Email: reservations@ugandairlines. Entebbe International Airport Manager Public Affairs com P.O Box 5536 Kampala Tel: +256 (312) 352-021 Entebbe Town Head Office Fax: +256 41 4321401 Tel: +256 (312) 352-000 Victoria Mall, Shop G.09, Ground ENTEBBE SEARCH AND RESCUE Floor, Berkeley Road Entebbe (Aircraft Emergency) CONTACTS Air Navigation Services Email: [email protected] Tel: +256 (414) 320-486, 4320384, Entebbe International Airport Tel: +256 (414) 320-680 Entebbe Rescue Co-Ordination Centre Tel: +256 (414) 320-906/7, 4320375 (RCC) Departures, 1st Floor, Passenger Fax: +256 41 4320964 Tel: +256 414 323428 / +256 312 Terminal Building 352532 Tel: +256 (0) 200406420 Entebbe International Airport EXT: 2532 Email: reservations@ugandairlines. Tel: +256 (312) 353-000 com Tel: +256 (414) 321-401, 4320571 Area Control Centre (ACC) Dar es Salaam [email protected] Tel: +256 414 320907 / +256 312 www.caa.co.ug 352541 Viva Towers, G09/10, Ali Hassan EXT: 2541 Mwinyi Road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tel: +255 (0)764111983 | +255 Briefing Office PASSENGER AND BAGGAGE Tel: +256 (414) 320-926 (0)765426554 HANDLING Email: [email protected] Aircraft Clearance Office Mogadishu (General Sales Agent) Tel: +256 (414) 321-016 DAS Handling Tel: +256 (312) 352-101 Tel: +256 (0) 392 789011 Light Travel Agency, Fax: +256 41 4321452 Mobile: + 256 (0) 773 505848 Aden Adde International Airport Tel: +252 (0)615550020 | +252 CAA DIRECT CONTACTS Entebbe Handling Services (ENHAS) (0)615141315 Tel: +256 (0) 41 4321675 Nairobi Airport Office Managing Director/ CEO AIRLINES Tel: +256 (312) 352-002 Terminal 1C, Jomo Kenyatta Fax: +256 41 4321401 International Airport Tel: +254 707 900777 Corporation Secretary Uganda National Airlines Company Email: [email protected] Tel: +256 (312) 352-011 Limited dba Uganda Airlines Fax: +256 41 4321401 EagleAir Hangar Complex, Entebbe International Airport - Old SADECO Center, Airport Road (Opp. Director Safety, Security and Economic Airport UNMISS Road) Regulation P.O. Box 431, Entebbe, Uganda Airport Road; Tel: +211 (0)928900500, Tel: +256 (312) 352-101 Tel: +(256)200 406 400 +211 (0)917747159 Fax: +256 41 4320375 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Call Center Director Finance Brussels Airlines Tel: +256 (312) 352-401 Tel: +256 (0) 200 406 400 Rwenzori House Plot 1, Lumumba Fax: +256 41 4321401 Avenue Online Payment Queries P.O Box 3966, Kampala Uganda General Manager, Entebbe Int. Airport Tel: +254 706358022/+254 708480275 Tel: +256 (414) 234-201/4232455 Tel: +256 (312) 353-357 Email: onlinepayments@ugandairlines. Tel: +256 (752) 734-200 Fax: +256 41 4 320571 com Tel: +256 41 4342790

Deputy Managing Director Cargo, Parcels and Mail Tel: +256 (312) 352-005 Egypt Air Fax: +256 41 4321401 Entebbe International Airport Grand Imperial Arcade, Shop 11 Director Airports & Aviation Security Cargo Terminal Room 29 P.O Box 7207 Kampala Tel: +256 (414) Tel: +256 (312) 353-048 Cel: +256 77 2 761 700 341-276 Fax: +256 414 320571 Tel: +256 414 323 246/8 Tel: +256 41 4236567 Mail: [email protected] Director Air Navigation Services Sales & Ticketing Offices Emirates Tel: +256 (312) 352-501 Acacia Place - Plot 6 (Kololo), Ist Floor Kampala City Fax: +256 41 4320964 P. O Box 33124 Victoria Tower, Tel: +256 (414) 349-941/2/3/4 Director Human Resource & Office No: G.01 Plot No. 1-13, Tel: +256 (752) 535-087 Tel: +256 41

40 The Aviator - July 2020 Uganda Aviation

4340076 Tel: +256 414 322261 Ngabo Road, Kololo P.O. Box 27210 Kampala Ethiopian Airlines SCHEDULED DOMESTIC Tel: +256 (782) 073-475 Kimathi Avenue P.O Box 3591, Kampala Aerolink Mission Aviation Fellowship Tel: +256 (414) 254-796/7, 4345577/8 2nd Floor Passenger Terminal Building Plot 260/445, Kizungu Lane Makindye Tel: +256 (752) 535-087 Entebbe International Airport P.O. Box 1, Kampala Tel: +256 41 4231455 P.O. Box 689 Entebbe Tel: +256 (414) 268-388, Tel: +256 Tel: +256 (317) 333-000, Tel: +256 (414) 267-433 Etihad Airways (776) 882-205 Course View Towers Premier Safaris P.O Box 7519 Kampala Eagle Air P.O. Box 121 Jinja Tel: +256 (312) 314-430 Plot 11, Portal Avenue Tel: +256 752 790033 P. O BOX 7392, Kampala Tel:+256 (434) 121-539 Flydubai Tel: +256 (414) 344-292, Tel: +256 Jubilee Insurance Building (312) 263-777 Tel: +256 41 4344501, Samaritan’s Purse Plot 14 Parliament Avenue Kampala +256 41 43206 P.O. Box 21810 Kampala Tel: +256 (414) 359-392 Kampala Aeroclub and Flight Training Tel: +256 (771) 850-772 Centre (KAFTC) Limited Airfield SKA Air & Logistics (U) Ltd Entebbe International Airport P.O. Box 24305 Kampala Entebbe International Airport Main P.O. Box 19079 – 00501 Nairobi Kenya Tel: +256 (772) 706-107, Terminal Building Tel: +256 (706) 534-545, Tel: +256 (414) 200-059 2nd Floor, Office 33 Entebbe Tel: +256 (781) 829-453 Tel: +256 (414) 323-367 NON SCHEDULED DOMESTIC Transafrik Jubilee Insurance Building 14 Aim Air DAS Handling Area Sebuggwawo Drive Parliament Avenue Plot 18 Ssese View, Manyago Entebbe Airport P.O Box 6969 Kampala P.O. Box 800 Entebbe Tel: +256 (414) 321-387 Tel: +256 (414) 233-068/344304, Tel: +256 (414) 323-294, Tel: +256 (312) 360-000 Tel:+256 (782) 493-221, Tel:+256 Uganda Air Cargo Tel: +256 41 4259472 (782) 498-216 Entebbe International Airport Passenger Terminal Building KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Air Serv P.O. Box 343 Entebbe Jubilee Insurance Building 3rd Floor, Hangar one Entebbe Old Airport Tel: +256 (312) 263-329 14 Parliament Avenue P.O. Box 7548 Kampala P.O Box 21025 Kampala Tel: +256 (414) 321-251/2, Vine Air Ltd Tel: +256 (414) 338-000/1/2, Tel: +256 (312) 263-897 P.O. Box 22041 Kampala 4233068 Tel: +256 414 263898 Tel: +256 (414) 323-165 Tel:+256 41 4259472, 4338029 Precision Air Services Plc Asante Aviation TRANSPORTATION Plot14 Parliament Avenue ATC House, Colline House, 3rd Floor P.O.Box 6969, Kampala, Uganda P.O. Box 7691 taxi services cooperate Tel: 0414-344304/0312-360118 Tel: +256 (414) 250-254, Tel: +256 services www.precisionairtz.com (312) 265-201, Tel: +256 (717) 851-185 Tel: +256 752635145 [email protected] Tel: +256 414 237317 Tel: +256 775242733 Entebbe airport taxis Qatar Airways Balloon Tours Rwenzori Towers Nakasero, Kampala, Span House Plot No. 1 Portal Avenue Airport medical centre P.O box 6710, Uganda. Tel: Block C Room 29 Kampala Tel: +256 700 140646 +256(0)41-780090 Tel: +256 (759) 002-552 Tel: +256 312/414 353000 2258 Fax: +256(0)41-4255299. DHL Aviation (K) Ltd CAA customer care RwandAir Shimoni Offices Village 18 Clement Hill Entebbe International Airport Entebbe International Airport P.O. Box 1623 Kampala Main Terminal Building Tel: +256 (772) 614-077, Tel: +256 Tel: +256 (312) 210-006 Ground floor (414) 353-000 Tel: +256 414 256236 Tel: + 256 31/41 353000 Tel: +256 41 4322268 2210, 3323, 3057 Grand Air Services Ltd South African Airways Plot 2103, Road Tour and travel agencies 1 Pilkington Road, Ground Floor P.O. Box 26186 Kampala There are several tour and travel agents Workers House Tel: +256 (414) 287-858 operating in Kampala . P.O Box 7835 Kampala The uganda travel bureau can provide Tel: +256 (414) 255-501, 4345772/3/5 Jobihani Investments Ltd more information on Tour and travel 2 Colville Street, Shumuk House services on Turkish Airlines Kampala Tel: +256-312 232555 Ruth Towers, Headquarters Kampala Tel: +256 (753) 979-815 A number of tour and travel companies P. O Box 6710 Kampala Tel: +256 (414) have information handy for travellers 32-260, Tel: +256 (792) 444-849 Kampala Executive Aviation at the airport.

The Aviator - July 2020 41