DOCSLIB.ORG

ANTARCTIC SCIENCE for BRAZIL an Action Plan for the 2013 – 2022 Period

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 ANTARCTIC SCIENCE FOR BRAZIL An action plan for the 2013 – 2022 period Brazilian National Committee on Antarctic Research Coordination for Ocean Affairs and Antarctica Secretariat for Policies and Programmes on Research and Development (SEPED) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Brasilia, 2013 Federative Republic of Brazil President: Dilma Vana Rousseff Vice-President: Michel Temer ! ! Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) Minister: Clelio Campolina Diniz Executive Secretary: João Alberto De Negri ! ! Secretariat for Policies and Programmes on Research and Development (SEPED) Secretary: Carlos Afonso Nobre Coordination for Ocean Affairs and Antarctica: Janice Romaguera Trotte-D uhá Cover: Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) over a berg bit. Photo: Adriana Dalto (UFRJ). Below: Polar Ship Almirante Maximiano, Brazilian Navy. Photo: FURG. Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 Federative Republic of Brazil Antarctic Science for Brazil President: Dilma Vana Rousseff Vice-President: Michel Temer An action plan for the 2013 – 2022 period ! ! Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) Minister: Clelio Campolina Diniz Workgroup Executive Secretary: João Alberto De Negri ! ! Jefferson C. Simões (UFRGS) - editor Secretariat for Policies and Programmes on Research and Development (SEPED) Secretary: Carlos Afonso Nobre Adriano R. Viana (CENPES) Coordination for Ocean Affairs and Antarctica: Janice Romaguera Trotte-D uhá Eduardo Resende Secchi (FURG) Emília Correia (INPE/UPM) Cover: Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) over a berg bit. Photo: Adriana Dalto (UFRJ). Heitor Evangelista da Silva (UERJ) Below: Polar Ship Almirante Maximiano, Brazilian Navy. Photo: FURG. Ilana E. K. C. Wainer (USP) Lúcia de Siqueira Campos (UFRJ) Maurício Magalhães Mata (FURG) Vivian Helena Pelizzari (USP) Yocie Yoneshigue Valentin (UFRJ) Presentation Summary Introduction Vision Mission Relevance of the Antarctic Science Antarctic political leadership at the beginning of the XXI century Thematic research programmes New research areas Connections to the Arctic Training and integration of Antarctic specialists in the Brazilian S&T system Dissemination and social inclusion of knowledge List of acronyms Map of the Brazilian Antarc tic Programme operation area Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 PRESENTATION Antarctic Science for Brazil - an Action Plan for the to science and research projects, notably under the aegis period 2013 – 2022. of National Institutes of Science and Technology (INCTs) dedicated to Antarctic research. The year of 2013 was marked, in the history of Brazilian Antarctic Program – PROANTAR, as a moment of reno- The presence of Member States in Antarctica started slowly, vated enthusiasm and concrete accomplishments, after 30 and fully oriented to an economic-territorialist dimension, but years of activities, made in 2012. nowadays, the environmental and scientific dimensions are the ones to prevail and predominate in the Antarctic Treaty The ultimate goal of PROANTAR is to generate high-level System negotiations. In this spirit, the scientific segment scientific information about Antarctica and its connections becomes an essential tool for the global process of decision with the Earth System, involving cryosphere, oceans, atmo- making activities in Antarctica, and strengthens the strategic sphere and biosphere. It is within this context that one of the role of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation objectives of the National Strategy for Science, Technology (MCTI) in Brazil, as part of PROANTAR. and Innovation for the period 2012-2015 (ENCTI) highlights the promotion and expansion of research activities of inter- Finally, I wish to convey my congratulations to the Brazil- national excellence and recognition over the Antarctic region ian National Committee on Antarctic Research (CONAPA) and its adjacent area, emphasizing its implications for the for the excellent work done for the delivery of this Action South Atlantic. Plan, that shall be fully implemented during the period of 2013-2022. The generation of new scientific knowledge ensures Brazil’s active role in the decision making process on environmental conservation procedures and the future Carlos A. Nobre of the Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean, in Secretariat for Policy and Programmes on Research and accordance with article IX of the Antarctic Treaty. The Development (SEPED) implementation of the features contained in the document Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation “Antarctic Science for Brazil - an Action Plan for 2013 – 2022” will promote Brazil as a country to become inter- nationally recognized for its high scientific performance in Antarctic research in that region and in the Southern Ocean. The five programs will be implemented in a sustainable manner, so as to investigate past, present and future environmental processes of impact to the polar region and its implications to South America. These programs can also contribute to an increased role of Brazil in the “Antarctic Treaty System”, in particular, in the context of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), together with ongoing international cooperation within South American nations. The definition of a scientific agenda for PROANTAR, as stated by this Action Plan, allows Brazil to clearly define its objectives pertaining to Antarctic research, from the strategic standpoint of view. It also seeks better opportuni- ties and conditions for a sustained financial support devoted 03 ActionAction PlanPlan AntarcticAntarctic ScienceScience 2013–20222013–2022 SUMMARY Antarctica is one of the most vulnerable regions to in the Southern Oc ean circulation and its interaction climatic variations at the global scale, and the with the sea ice and ice shelves, which may have an atmospheric, biological, cryospheric and oceanic impact on the Brazilian and the South Atlantic processes that take place in the region directly affect climates. Programme 4 "Geodynamics and geological the Brazilian territory. This document proposes the history of Antarctica and its relations with South creation of "five scientific research thematic America" will integrate geoscientific studies to programs" that explore connections between understand the mechanisms that led to the present Antarctic and South American environments, with a geographical configuration of Antarctica since the particular emphasis on processes that affect Brazil. fragmentation of the Gondwana continent, its Such programs also seek to increase Brazil's role in isolation, and the environmental consequences the Antarctic Treaty System, in particular, the resulting from tectonic, paleogeographic and Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research climatic changes occurring over the geologic time. (SCAR)*. Programme 1 "The role of the cryosphere in the Earth system and interactions with South Finally, Programme 5 "Dynamics of the Antarctic America" will investigate the relationship between upper atmosphere, geospace interactions, and Antarctica and the Southern Hemisphere climates, connections with South America" will investigate the with an emphasis on the South American continent dynamics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere and the evolution of biogeochemical processes over and the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion on the past 12,000 years. Programme 2 "Biocomplexity the Antarctic climate and its associated ecosystems. of the Antarctic ecosystems, their connections with It will also consider the effects of the Sun-Earth South America and climate change" will give interactions and the impact of high-energy attention to the origin and evolution of Antarctic astrophysical phenomena. biodiversity; its distribution (past and present) and the relationships between the organisms and the This Action Plan also comments on four points to environment that contribute to our understanding of the ensure the quality of t he S&T actions within the biological connections between Antarctica and South Brazilian Antarctic Programme (PROANTAR) over the America. Finally, it will monitor the consequences of next ten years: (1) recommendations for attention regional and global climate change and given to other areas of research, including emerging anthropogenic impacts on these ecosystems. topics that are not included in the five proposed programs; (2) studies on the connections to the Arctic; Programme 3 "Climate Change and the Southern (3) training needs for Antarctic specialists and their Ocean" is designed to investigate physical and subsequent absorption in education and research biogeochemical processes associated with changes centres in the country; and (4) the dissemination and social inclusion of the knowledge generated by * SCAR is an interdisciplinary committee of the International Council for PROANTAR. Science (ICSU), and it is charged with the initiation, promotion and coordination of scientific research in Antarctica. SCAR actions are conducted by scientists nominated by their respective Antarctic research national committees. Besides fulfilling its scientific role, SCAR also provides objective and independent scientific advice to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCM) and other organizations on issues of science and conservation affecting the management of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. 0402 Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 Action Plan Antarctic Science 2013–2022 INTRODUCTION After thirty years of existence, it
Recommended publications
  • Chile: a Journey to the End of the World in Search of Temperate Rainforest Giants

    Chile: a Journey to the End of the World in Search of Temperate Rainforest Giants

    Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Chile: A Journey to the end of the world in search of Temperate Rainforest Giants Valdivian Rainforest at Alerce Andino Author May 2017 1 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Contents 1. Title Page 2. Contents 3. Table of Figures/Introduction 4. Introduction Continued 5. Introduction Continued 6. Aims 7. Aims Continued / Itinerary 8. Itinerary Continued / Objective / the Santiago Metropolitan Park 9. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 10. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 11. Jardín Botánico Chagual / Jardin Botanico Nacional, Viña del Mar 12. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 13. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 14. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued / La Campana National Park 15. La Campana National Park Continued / Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest 16. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 17. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 18. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued / Volcano Osorno 19. Volcano Osorno Continued / Vicente Perez Rosales National Park 20. Vicente Perez Rosales National Park Continued / Alerce Andino National Park 21. Alerce Andino National Park Continued 22. Francisco Coloane Marine Park 23. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued 24. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued / Outcomes 25. Expenditure / Thank you 2 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Figures Figure 1.) Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Alerce Andino [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 2. Map of National parks of Chile Figure 3. Map of Chile Figure 4. Santiago Metropolitan Park [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 5.
  • Bio 308-Course Guide

    Bio 308-Course Guide

    COURSE GUIDE BIO 308 BIOGEOGRAPHY Course Team Dr. Kelechi L. Njoku (Course Developer/Writer) Professor A. Adebanjo (Programme Leader)- NOUN Abiodun E. Adams (Course Coordinator)-NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2013 ISBN: 978-058-434-X All Rights Reserved Printed by: ii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………......................... iv What you will Learn from this Course …………………............ iv Course Aims ……………………………………………............ iv Course Objectives …………………………………………....... iv Working through this Course …………………………….......... v Course Materials ………………………………………….......... v Study Units ………………………………………………......... v Textbooks and References ………………………………........... vi Assessment ……………………………………………….......... vi End of Course Examination and Grading..................................... vi Course Marking Scheme................................................................ vii Presentation Schedule.................................................................... vii Tutor-Marked Assignment ……………………………….......... vii Tutors and Tutorials....................................................................... viii iii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE INTRODUCTION BIO 308: Biogeography is a one-semester, 2 credit- hour course in Biology. It is a 300 level, second semester undergraduate course offered to students admitted in the School of Science and Technology, School of Education who are offering Biology or related programmes. The course guide tells you briefly what the course is all about, what course materials you will be using and how you can work your way through these materials. It gives you some guidance on your Tutor- Marked Assignments. There are Self-Assessment Exercises within the body of a unit and/or at the end of each unit.
  • Biodiversity of the Antarctic Flora

    Biodiversity of the Antarctic Flora

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by NERC Open Research Archive 1 1 Original Article 2 Diversity and biogeography of the Antarctic flora 3 4 Helen J. Peat, Andrew Clarke & Peter Convey 5 6 British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Rd, 7 Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK. 8 E-mail: [email protected] 9 __________________________________________________________________________ 10 11 ABSTRACT 12 13 Aim To establish how well the terrestrial flora of the Antarctic has been sampled, how well 14 the flora is known, and to determine the major patterns in diversity and biogeography. 15 16 Location Antarctica south of 60°S, together with the South Sandwich Islands, but excluding 17 South Georgia, Bouvetøya and the periantarctic islands. 18 19 Methods Plant occurrence data were collated from herbarium specimens and literature 20 records, and assembled into the Antarctic Plant Database. Distributional patterns were 21 analysed using a geographic information system. Biogeographic patterns were determined 22 with a variety of multivariate statistics. 23 24 Results Plants have been recorded from throughout the Antarctic including all latitudes 25 between 60°S and 86°S. Species richness declines with latitude along the Antarctic 26 Peninsula, but there was no evidence for a similar cline in Victoria Land and the 27 Transantarctic mountains. MDS ordinations showed that the species composition of the 28 South Orkney, South Shetland Islands and the north western Antarctic Peninsula are very 29 similar to each other, as are the floras of different regions in continental Antarctica. However 30 they also suggest that the eastern Antarctic Peninsula flora is more similar to the flora of the 31 southern Antarctic Peninsula than to the continental flora (with which it has traditionally been 32 linked).
  • Informe Final De La Trigésima Sexta Reunión Consultiva Del Tratado Antártico – Volumen I

    Informe Final De La Trigésima Sexta Reunión Consultiva Del Tratado Antártico – Volumen I

    Informe Final de la Trigésima Sexta Reunión Consultiva del Tratado Antártico REUNIÓN CONSULTIVA DEL TRATADO ANTÁRTICO Informe Final de la Trigésima Sexta Reunión Consultiva del Tratado Antártico Bruselas, Bélgica del 20 al 29 de mayo de 2013 Volumen I Secretaría del Tratado Antártico Buenos Aires 2013 Publicado por: Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Secrétariat du Traité sur l’ Antarctique Секретариат Договора об Антарктике Secretaría del Tratado Antártico Maipú 757, Piso 4 C1006ACI Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires - Argentina Tel: +54 11 4320 4260 Fax: +54 11 4320 4253 Este libro también está disponible en: www.ats.aq (versión digital) y para compras en línea. ISSN 2346-9889 Índice VOLUMEN I Acrónimos y siglas 9 PRIMERA PARTE. INFORME FINAL 11 1. Informe Final 13 2. Informe de la XVI Reunión del CPA 93 3. Apéndices 183 Comunicado de la XXXVI RCTA 185 Programa preliminar de la XXXVII RCTA 187 SEGUNDA PARTE. MEDIDAS, DECISIONES Y RESOLUCIONES 189 1. Medidas 191 Medida 1 (2013) ZAEP N.° 108 (Isla Green, Islas Berthelot, Península Antártica): Plan de Gestión revisado 193 Medida 2 (2013) ZAEP N.° 117 (Isla Avian, Bahía Margarita, Península Antártica): Plan de Gestión revisado 195 Medida 3 (2013) ZAEP N.° 123 (Valles Barwick y Balham, sur de la Tierra Victoria): Plan de Gestión revisado 197 Medida 4 (2013) ZAEP N.° 132 (Península Potter, Isla Rey Jorge (Isla 25 de Mayo), Islas Shetland del Sur): Plan de Gestión revisado 199 Medida 5 (2013) ZAEP N.° 134 (Punta Cierva e islas offshore, Costa Danco, Península Antártica): Plan de Gestión revisado
  • Gregory J. Jordan, 7 J. M. Kale Sniderman, 8 Andrew Allen

    Gregory J. Jordan, 7 J. M. Kale Sniderman, 8 Andrew Allen

    American Journal of Botany 101 ( 12 ): 2121 – 2135 , 2014 . P ALEO-ANTARCTIC RAINFOREST INTO THE MODERN OLD WORLD TROPICS: THE RICH PAST AND THREATENED FUTURE OF THE “SOUTHERN WET FOREST SURVIVORS” 1 R OBERT M. KOOYMAN , 2,3,12 P ETER W ILF , 4 V IVIANA D. BARREDA , 5 R AYMOND J. CARPENTER , 6 G REGORY J. JORDAN , 7 J. M. KALE S NIDERMAN , 8 A NDREW A LLEN , 2 T IMOTHY J. BRODRIBB , 7 D ARREN C RAYN , 9 T AYLOR S. FEILD , 9 S HAWN W . L AFFAN , 10 C HRISTOPHER H. LUSK , 11 M AURIZIO R OSSETTO , 3 AND P ETER H . W ESTON 3 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde 2113, Sydney, Australia; 3 National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney 2000, Australia; 4 Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA; 5 Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, CONICET, División Paleobot ánica, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina; 6 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Benham Bldg DX 650 312, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; 7 School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55 Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia; 8 School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; 9 Australian Tropical Herbarium, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; 10 Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Sydney, Australia; and 11 School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand • Premise of study: Have Gondwanan rainforest fl oral associations survived? Where do they occur today? Have they survived continuously in particular locations? How signifi cant is their living fl oristic signal? We revisit these classic questions in light of signifi cant recent increases in relevant paleobotanical data.
  • Final Report of the Thirty-Sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting

    Final Report of the Thirty-Sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting

    Final Report of the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Final Report of the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Brussels, Belgium 20–29 May 2013 Volume I Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Buenos Aires 2013 Published by: Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Secrétariat du Traité sur l’ Antarctique Секретариат Договора об Антарктике Secretaría del Tratado Antártico Maipú 757, Piso 4 C1006ACI Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires - Argentina Tel: +54 11 4320 4260 Fax: +54 11 4320 4253 This book is also available from: www.ats.aq (digital version) and online-purchased copies. ISSN 2346-9897 Contents VOLUME I Acronyms and Abbreviations 9 PART I. FINAL REPORT 11 1. Final Report 13 2. CEP XVI Report 87 3. Appendices 169 ATCM XXXVI Communiqué 171 Preliminary Agenda for ATCM XXXVII 173 PART II. MEASURES, DECISIONS AND RESOLUTIONS 175 1. Measures 177 Measure 1 (2013) ASPA No 108 (Green Island, Berthelot Islands, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 179 Measure 2 (2013) ASPA No 117 (Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 181 Measure 3 (2013) ASPA No 123 (Barwick and Balham Valleys, Southern Victoria Land): Revised Management Plan 183 Measure 4 (2013) ASPA No 132 (Potter Peninsula, King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), South Shetland Islands): Revised Management Plan 185 Measure 5 (2013) ASPA No 134 (Cierva Point and offshore islands, Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 187 Measure 6 (2013) ASPA No 135 (North-east Bailey
  • Zbwleibniz-Informationszentrum

    Zbwleibniz-Informationszentrum

    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Andrade, Israel de Oliveira; de Mattos, Leonardo Faria; da Cruz-Kaled, Andrea Cancela; Hillebrand, Giovanni Roriz Lyra Working Paper O Brasil na Antártica: A importância científica e geopolítica do PROANTAR no entorno estratégico brasileiro Texto para Discussão, No. 2425 Provided in Cooperation with: Institute of Applied Economic Research (ipea), Brasília Suggested Citation: Andrade, Israel de Oliveira; de Mattos, Leonardo Faria; da Cruz-Kaled, Andrea Cancela; Hillebrand, Giovanni Roriz Lyra (2018) : O Brasil na Antártica: A importância científica e geopolítica do PROANTAR no entorno estratégico brasileiro, Texto para Discussão, No. 2425, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Brasília This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/211388 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.
  • A Synthesis of the Antarctic Springtail Phylogeographic Record

    A Synthesis of the Antarctic Springtail Phylogeographic Record

    Insects 2011, 2, 62-82; doi:10.3390/insects2020062 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Review Extreme Glacial Legacies: A Synthesis of the Antarctic Springtail Phylogeographic Record Angela McGaughran 1, Mark I. Stevens 2,*, Ian D. Hogg 3 and Antonio Carapelli 4 1 Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department for Evolutionary Biology, Spemannstr. 37-39/IV, Tübingen, D-72076, Germany; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 South Australian Museum, and School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5000, Adelaide, Australia 3 Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology Research, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-8-8207-7685; Fax: +61-8-8207-7222. Received: 23 December 2010; in revised form: 15 February 2011 / Accepted: 2 April 2011 / Published: 6 April 2011 Abstract: We review current phylogeographic knowledge from across the Antarctic terrestrial landscape with a focus on springtail taxa. We describe consistent patterns of high genetic diversity and structure among populations which have persisted in glacial refugia across Antarctica over both short (<2 Mya) and long (>10 Mya) timescales. Despite a general concordance of results among species, we explain why location is important in determining population genetic patterns within bioregions. We complete our review by drawing attention to the main limitations in the field of Antarctic phylogeography, namely that the scope of geographic focus is often lacking within studies, and that large gaps remain in our phylogeographic knowledge for most terrestrial groups.
  • Fildes Peninsula, King George Island (25 De Mayo)

    Fildes Peninsula, King George Island (25 De Mayo)

    Measure 6 (2009) - Annex Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 125 FILDES PENINSULA, KING GEORGE ISLAND (25 DE MAYO) (Fossil Hill, Holz Stream (Madera Stream), Glacier Dome Bellingshausen (Collins Glacier), Halfthree Point, Suffield Point, Fossil Point, Gradzinski Cove and Skua Cove) INTRODUCTION An area of 1.8 km2 (444,79 acres) in the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island (25 de Mayo), South Shetland Islands archipelago, was proposed as a SPA (Special Protected Area) by Chile four decades ago on the grounds of its uniqueness and paleontological richness. The area was officially designated SPA No 12 at ATCM IV (Santiago, 1966). After 42 years under different statuses (SPA, SSSI and ASPA), and numerous scientific studies, it is necessary to review whether these areas can be considered an ASPA, whether or not they can be defined as “an area designated to protect outstanding environmental, scientific, historic, aesthetic or wilderness values”. Paleontological research conducted in the early 1960s by the Chilean geologist Vladimir Covacevich revealed the existence of avian ichnofossils on Fossil Hill. The proximity of these unique fossils to permanent stations was the principal basis for the designation of SPA No 12. Given that Fildes also harbors areas of paleobotanical richness, SPA No 12 was redesignated SSSI No 5 (Site of Special Scientific Interest) at ATCM VIII (Oslo, 1975). Finally, when Annex V entered into force in May 2002, all previously designated SPAs and SSSIs were included as ASPAs, with ASPA No 125 being created from SSSI No 5. In this management plan for the ASPA No 125 it is proposed a division of 8 areas, where the old two areas are included in three new ones, but additionally it is proposed five new areas, on the basis of the new findings and research carried out during the last 20 years.
  • On the Flora of Australia

    On the Flora of Australia

    L'IBRARY'OF THE GRAY HERBARIUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY. BOUGHT. THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEING AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. r^/f'ORElGN&ENGLISH' <^ . 1859. i^\BOOKSELLERS^.- PR 2G 1.912 Gray Herbarium Harvard University ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION. I I / ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEIKG AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Reprinted from the JJotany of the Antarctic Expedition, Part III., Flora of Tasmania, Vol. I. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1859. PRINTED BY JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. CONTENTS OF THE INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. § i. Preliminary Remarks. PAGE Sources of Information, published and unpublished, materials, collections, etc i Object of arranging them to discuss the Origin, Peculiarities, and Distribution of the Vegetation of Australia, and to regard them in relation to the views of Darwin and others, on the Creation of Species .... iii^ § 2. On the General Phenomena of Variation in the Vegetable Kingdom. All plants more or less variable ; rate, extent, and nature of variability ; differences of amount and degree in different natural groups of plants v Parallelism of features of variability in different groups of individuals (varieties, species, genera, etc.), and in wild and cultivated plants vii Variation a centrifugal force ; the tendency in the progeny of varieties being to depart further from their original types, not to revert to them viii Effects of cross-impregnation and hybridization ultimately favourable to permanence of specific character x Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection ; — its effects on variable organisms under varying conditions is to give a temporary stability to races, species, genera, etc xi § 3.
  • 11. Terrestrial Resource

    11. Terrestrial Resource

    Terrestrial ecosystems Resource TL1 Plant and animal life in Antarctica is very limited. There conditions. Elsewhere, in the wetter soils, microscopic algae are very few flowering plants and there are no trees or are abundant. Algae living on ice can produce green, bushes. Except in the sub-Antarctic, there are no native yellow and red snow. Fungi occur as microscopic filaments land animals larger than insects, and the diversity of in the soil and also occasionally as small clusters of invertebrates is low. toadstools amongst mosses. Micro-fungi and bacteria are responsible for the breakdown of dead plants to form There are three reasons for this: simple soils, releasing nutrients into the ecosystem. • the Southern Ocean isolates Antarctica from other land One of the major adaptations of Antarctic plants is masses from where colonising organisms must come; their ability to continue photosynthesis and respiration at • within Antarctica, suitable ice-free sites for terrestrial low temperatures, for many lichens below -10°C. The two communities are small and separated either by sea or ice flowering plants are perennials and take several years which act as barriers to colonisation; and to reach maturity and reproduce. Flower development is • the land in summer has rapidly changing temperatures, initiated during one summer, with growth and seed prod- 0.025 BAS strong winds, irregular and limited water and nutrient uction being completed in the next if it is warm enough. Scanning electron microscope picture of Antarctic tardigrade supply, frequent snow falls, and soil movement due to freezing and thawing. Sub-Antarctic islands and nematode worms.
  • Brazil in Antarctica: the Scientific and Geopolitical Importance of Proantar in the Brazilian Strategic Surrounding Area

    Brazil in Antarctica: the Scientific and Geopolitical Importance of Proantar in the Brazilian Strategic Surrounding Area

    251 BRAZIL IN ANTARCTICA: THE SCIENTIFIC AND GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF PROANTAR IN THE BRAZILIAN STRATEGIC SURROUNDING AREA Israel de Oliveira Andrade Leonardo Faria de Mattos Andrea Cancela da Cruz-Kaled Giovanni Roriz Lyra Hillebrand 251 DISCUSSION PAPER Brasilia, September 2020 BRAZIL IN ANTARCTICA: THE SCIENTIFIC AND GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF PROANTAR IN THE BRAZILIAN STRATEGIC SURROUNDING AREA1,2 Israel de Oliveira Andrade3 Leonardo Faria de Mattos4 Andrea Cancela da Cruz-Kaled5 Giovanni Roriz Lyra Hillebrand6 1. This text corresponds to the translation of the research, published originally in Portuguese: O Brasil na Antártica: a importân- cia científica e geopolítica do PROANTAR no entorno estratégico brasileiro. Texto para Discussão n. 2425, Brasília, Ipea, 2018. 2. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Admirals Eduardo Bacellar Leal Ferreira and Marcos Silva Rodrigues, and Rear Admirals Sérgio Gago Guida and Paulo Roberto da Silva Xavier. We also thank the staff of the Secretariat of the Inter- ministerial Commission for Sea Resources (SECIRM), the PhD professors Alvaro Toubes Prata – State Secretary of Research and Development Policies and Programs of the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Communications (MCTIC) –, Ana Flávia Barros-Platiau and Paulo Eduardo Aguiar Saraiva Câmara – coordinators of graduate programs at the University of Brasilia (UnB) –, and Daniela Portella Sampaio (University of Leeds), as well as the researchers Luiz Gustavo de Aversa Franco, Maurício Kenyatta and Matheus Augusto Soares, of the Research Program for National Development (PNPD) at Ipea, exempt- ing them of any errors or omissions. Any remaining imperfections in the text are sole responsibility of the authors. 3. Researcher at Ipea.