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Avicennia Officinalis Pneumatophores India Abundance Is More on Roots Than Larsen Et Al A new species of Eutrachytes (Acari: Uropodina: Eutrachytidae) associated with the indian mangrove (Avicennia officinalis) M.L. Moraza, J. Kontschan, G. Sahoo, Z.A. Ansari To cite this version: M.L. Moraza, J. Kontschan, G. Sahoo, Z.A. Ansari. A new species of Eutrachytes (Acari: Uropodina: Eutrachytidae) associated with the indian mangrove (Avicennia officinalis). Acarologia, Acarologia, 2016, 56 (1), pp.73-89. 10.1051/acarologia/20162189. hal-01546992 HAL Id: hal-01546992 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01546992 Submitted on 26 Jun 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License ACAROLOGIA A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari. Subscriptions: Year 2017 (Volume 57): 380 € http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/subscribe.php Previous volumes (2010-2015): 250 € / year (4 issues) Acarologia, CBGP, CS 30016, 34988 MONTFERRIER-sur-LEZ Cedex, France The digitalization of Acarologia papers prior to 2000 was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID 1500-024 through the « Investissements d’avenir » programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX-0001-01) Acarologia is under free license and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons-BY-NC-ND which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Acarologia 56(1): 73–89 (2016) DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20162189 A new species of Eutrachytes (Acari: Uropodina: Eutrachytidae) associated with the Indian mangrove (Avicennia officinalis) María L. MORAZA1*, Jeno KONTSCHÁN2, Gobardhan SAHOO3 and Zakir A. ANSARI3 (Received 15 September 2015; accepted 13 November 2015; published online 04 March 2016) 1 Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona E-31080, Spain. [email protected] (* Corresponding author) 2 Plan Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Bix 102, Hungary. [email protected] 3 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403004, India. [email protected] and [email protected] ABSTRACT — A new species of Eutrachytes (Eutrachytes flagellatus) is described based on a complete ontogenetic series, starting from larva and including the adult female and male. This Uropodina mite was isolated from the pneumatophore surface of Avicennia officinalis having algal (Bostryschia sp.) growth in Goa, India. Notable morphological attributes pecu- liar to immature instars of this species include a flagellate tubular dorsolateral respiratory structure extending from the peritreme, nude pygidial shields in the adult male and female and a deep concave formation at the posterolateral margins of the dorsal shield. A taxonomic discussion with salient diagnostic features of the genus is given and a key to genera of the family is pre- sented. We present two nomenclature modifications: Deraiophoridae syn. nov. as the junior synonym of Eutrachytidae and Den- tibaiulus Hirschmann, 1979 syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Eutrachytes Berlese, 1914. A compiled list of all new species discovered to date from mangrove roots in different parts of the world is given. KEYWORDS — Uropodina; Eutrachytidae; Eutrachytes; Avicennia officinalis; Goa; India INTRODUCTION by Trägardh (1944). Hirschmann and Zirngiebl- Nicol (1961) discussed all the eutrachytid mites Uropodina are one of the characteristic group of as members of the genus Deraiophorus. Later the soil dwelling mites, about which very little is Hirschmann (1973) subdivided this genus into known. Currently more than 2000 species are de- several groups, and six years later (Hirschmann scribed and named and a recent revision provided 1979) includes nine genera in the "Ganggatungn" details of 300 genus-group names in the subor- Deraiophorus, including "Stadiengattungen" De- der (Halliday 2015). Due to the unclear system- raiphorous Canestrini, 1897, Eutrachytes Berlese, atic position, the majority of the tropical groups 1914, Dentibaiulus Hirschmann, 1979, Loksaphorus have been very scarcely investigated. One of Hirschmann, 1979, Mayaphorus Hirschmann, 1979, these groups is the family Eutrachytidae (=De- Dicornutophorus Hirschmann, 1979, Neobirophorus raiophoridae Trägardh, 1952) which was erected Hirschmann, 1979, Ceyloniphorus Hirschmann, 1979 http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ 73 ISSN 0044-586-X (print). ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic) Moraza M.L. et al. and Manuleatophorus Hirschmann, 1979. How- MATERIALS AND METHODS ever, later on neither Hirschmann nor his co- workers (e.g. Hirschmann, 1993; Wi´sniewski,1993; Pneumatophores of Avicennia officinalis having algal Wi´sniewski and Hirschmann, 1993) used these (Bostryschia sp.) growth were collected from Divar names and this system again. Parallel with this Island, Mandovi estuary, Goa, India. The specimens study, Krantz (1969) presented a separation be- of uropodina mites were isolated from the pneu- tween the Eutrachydae and the Deraiophoridae on matophore surface after scraping by a nylon brush the basis of the presence or absence of claws on leg I. under a stereo microscope and preserved in 90% However, neither morphological nor molecular ev- ethanol. Then all the developmental stages were idence for this separation has ever been presented. segregated and sent to University of Navarra, Spain The Eutrachytidae appears to be monophyletic and for identification purpose. The sketches of all de- the Deraiophoridae is the junior synonymous name velopmental stages were drawn under microscope of it (as in Hirschmann 1979). fitted with a camera lucida. The holotype female and some of the paratypes of the new species are deposited in the Museum of Indian mangroves occupy around 6749 km2 Zoology, University of Navarra (MZUNAV), Pam- area, being fourth largest mangrove cover in the plona, Spain. world (Naskar and Mandal, 1999). Among the Setal notation for the idiosoma follows true species of mangroves, Avicennia officinalis (L.) Lindquist & Evans (1965) as modified slightly by is dominant in most of the regions of Indian coast. Lindquist (1994). Measurements of structures are This is a tall (25 m) and thick (1 m in diameter) given in micrometers (µm), indicating the ranges evergreen tree with abundant pneumatophores ris- among the specimens measured. Idiosoma and ing above soil from the underground cable root. shield lengths were taken as midline length from These pneumatophores are very unique structures the anterior margin anterior to the bases of ver- because they bear lenticels for gaseous exchange en- tex setae j1 to the caudal margin. Distinction of abling the mangroves to survive in the hypoxic wa- porelike structures, as either poroids (lyrifissures) terlogged environment. Pneumatophores are ideal or glandular openings (solenostomes), on the idio- substratum for the epibiosis and are believed to somal integument is in accordance with morpho- bear many more cryptic species which are unknown logical and physiological studies by Athias-Henriot to science (Proches et al., 2010; Sahoo et al., 2013; (1969) and Krantz & Redmond (1987), respectively, Larsen et al., 2013). and generally follows the notation of Johnston & Moraza (1991). Epigynal shield and anal opening lengths are midline. Notation for leg follows Evans Most of the uropodina mites are strictly terres- (1963, 1964, 1972). Leg lengths are from the base of trial in nature. However, some uropodina species, the coxa to apex of the tarsus, excluding the pretar- e.g. Phaulodinychus, have been found in beach in- sus. tertidal wrack and algae (Hirschmann 1972), and some others such as P. mitis (Leonard) are irregu- larly submerged by tidal action and are believed to TAXONOMY be able to breathe through the plastron during these periods (Krantz 1974). But unfortunately there are The family Eutrachytidae (Trägardh, 1944) has the no reports on mangrove dwelling uropodina mites following diagnostic attributes: idiosoma oval, pen- till date. It is the first time that an Uropodina mite tagonal, or triangular in shape; pygidial shield is found inhabiting the Avicennia officinalis L. envi- present, always wider than long (length: width < 1: ronment, and in this study, we report the complete 5), usually bearing one pair of setae or nude; dor- ontogeny of a new species starting from larvae to sal and ventral setae pilose, rarely smooth; pres- adult. tigmatid part of peritreme with some curves and 74 Acarologia 56(1): 73–89 (2016) a sharp bend when it reaches the margin of idio- on the known species and Hirschmann (1979) sys- soma; pedofossae rarely
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