Limestone and Dolomite Resources in British Columbia

Province of British Columbia MINERAL RESOURCES DIVISION Ministry of Energy, Mines and Geolog;cal Survey Branch Petroleum Resources Hon. Anne Edwards, Minister

LIMESTONE AND DOLOMITE RESOURCES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

By Peter Fischl

This is a contribution to the Canada/British Cohmbii Mineral Development Agreement 1985-1990.

OPEN FILE 1992-18 (Open file. ISSN c835-3530 ; 1992.18)

1. Urnatone . British Columbia 2. Dolomite-British Columbia. 3. Geology. Emnomic . British Columbia. 1. British Columbia. Geolo@al 8ui-q Branch. II. Title. 111. VICI-ORIA Sxics: Open file (British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch) ; BRlllSH COLUMBIA 19X-18. CANADA TX%7357 1992 553316’0’3711 c920921%-1 AUGUST WY2 SUMMARY

Limestone and dolomite are found in abundance belts. Some of these deposits are contained within mag- throughout most ofBritish Columbia. Carbonate deposits nesian limestone units with sporadic dolomitization. ranging in age from Proterozoic to Jurassic can be found Limestone production in British Columbia is in all five of the tectonic belts that make up the Canadian dominated by three major quarries on northern Texada Cord&m (Insular, Coast, Intemxmtane, Omineca and Island, where some 4.2 million tonnes of limestone are Foreland). The more dolomitic deposits are largely currently mined each year. Approximately400 000 tonnes restricted to the Omineca and Foreland belts. of limestone are produced annually from six operations Purer limestone units, with generally minor con- in the interior of the province and from one quarry on tamination by chert and dolomite, are confined to exten- northern Vancouver Island. ‘T\HoTexada Island quarries sive platformal and shelf deposits in the Upper Triassic produce limestone for commercial suppliers of cement ofthe Insular Belt, thePermo-Carboniferous oftheInter- and lie, while one quarry east of Kamloops supplies montane Belt and the Mississippian and Upper Devonian limestone for cement manufacturing. A second interior of the Foreland Belt. Limestones associated with island quarry, at Marble Canyon (Pavilion Lake), produces arc sequences such as the Buttle Lake Group of the limestone for lime manufacturing. The two Texada Island Insular Belt and the Nicola and Takla groups of the quarries and two quarries in the interior supply chemical- Intemmntane Belt are commonly siliceous, argillaceous grade limestone to pulp mills. White limestone is current- and limited in size. The Coast and Omineca belts contain ly quarried at three sites on the coast and at one location limestones commonly contaminated with dolomite and in the interior for tillers, extenders and pigments. A minor various metamorphic silicates. amount oflimestoneisusedforriprap,railwayballast,soil Extensive bedded dolomite deposits are confmed to conditioners and a variety of other crushed and ground northeastern and southeastern British Columbia within products for use in glass manufacturing, as food additives, Proterozoic and Paleozoic miogeosynclinal rocks of the fluxes and other applications. Omineca and Foreland belts. Silt is a frequent con- White dolomite is currently produced at a rate of 40 taminant in such deposits and chert is prevalent in some 013I tonnes annually from two operations in southeastern units. Smaller deposits of secondary&gin occur sporadi- British Columbia for agricultural, decorative and pigment cally in roof pendants of the Coast Belt, and adjacent to applications. Several other dolomite deposits have been intrusions and faults in the Insular and Intermontane assessed in the past as a source of magnesium metal, but there has been no production for this use..

Open File 1992-18 iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Page

SUMMARY ...... Takla Group ...... 95 OMINECA BELT ...... 97 INTRODUCIION ...... 1 Ingeoika Group ...... 97 Selected Bibliography ...... 2 Reeves Limestone (Laib Formation) ...... 99 Badshot Formation ...... 101 COMPOSITION AND CLASSIFICATION Tshinakio Limestone (Eagle Bay Assemblage) 104 OF CARBONATE ROCKS ...... 3 Mural Formation ...... 106 Lower Cambrian Limestone - McLeod FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF Lake/Crooked River Area ...... 108 CARBONATE ROCKS IN BRITISH Nelway Formation ...... 108 COLUMBIA ...... 5 Lardeau Group ...... 109 Sandpile Group ...... 111 PRODUCITON AND CONSUMPTION Pend d’OreiIle Sequence ...... 111 OFLIMESTONEINBRITISH COLUMBIA. ... 11 Anarchist Group ...... 112 Miiord Group ...... 114 DEPOSIT DESCRIPTIONS ...... l5 Slide Mountain Group ...... 115 INSULAR BELT ...... I7 Knob Hi Group ...... 116 Mount Mark Formation ...... 17 Mount Roberts Formation ...... 117 Quatsino Formation ...... 22 S&moos Formation ...... 118 Texada Island ...... 23 Brooklyn Formation ...... 119 Northern Vancouver Island ...... 30 MetamorphicComplexes- OminecaBelt ... 122 Central and Southern Vancouver Island ... .37 Quadra Island ...... 41 FORELANDBELT...... l25 Jubilee Formation Parsons Bay Formation...... 42 ...... l25 Kuga Group (Sadler Formation)...... 43 Beaverfoot Formation ...... 127 Bonanza Group ...... 46 Nonda Formation ...... l28 Wark and Colquitz Gneissic Complex ...... 47 PaIliser Formation ...... 128 RundIe Group. West Coast Complex ...... M ...... 130 Southern Foreland Belt ...... 132 COAST BELT ...... 53 Northern Foreland Belt ...... 133 Southern Coast Belt ...... 53 Northern Coast Belt ...... 58 APPENDICES INTERMONTANE BELT ...... 63 Cldliwack Group ...... 63 1. MINFILEListings ...... l35 Cache Creek Group ...... 65 2. Listing of Limestone and Dolomite Occurrences Cache Creek Complex ...... 67 inthisReportbyMapNumber Stuart Lake Belt ...... 74 ...... 147 AtlinTerraoe ...... HarperRaochGroup ...... 79 TABLES Mount Mona&e - Okanagae Lake Segment ...... 1. Constituents Commonly Listed in a Proximate Ohnagan Lake - Jamiesoo Range Adysis ...... 3 Segment ...... 8 1 2. Conversion Factors ...... 3 Unnamed Permian Limestones ...... 84 TerraceArea ...... 84 3. Limestone and Dolomite Production in British BabiieLakeArea ...... 86 Columbia for 1986 and 1987 ...... ll Permian Limestone - Stikine River Area ... 87 4. Limestone and Dolomite Consumption in Hozameen Group...... 87 BritishColumbiafor1986and1987 Fergwson Group (Bridge River Group) ..... 88 ...... 12 N&la Group ...... 89 5. Analyses of samples of Mount Mark limestone . .18 Shoemaker Formation ...... 94

Open File 1992-18 Y 6. Analyses of Quatsino (Marble Bay) limestone, 30. Adyses of Knob Hi and Mount Roberts Texada Island ...... 23 limestones ...... 116 7. Analyses of Quatsino limestone, northern 31. Analyses of Sicamous limestones . . . . .118 Vancouver Island ...... , . . 31 32. Analyses of Brooklyn limestones ...... l2O 8. Analyses of Quatsioo limestone, central and 33. Analyses of limestones in Monasbee and Grand southern Vancouver Island and Quadra Island . 37 Forksgneisses...... ,123 9. Analyses of Parsons Bay limestone ...... 43 34. Analyses of Jubiicc. and Beaverfoot dolomites . .l26 10. Analyses of Kunga limestone ...... 45 35. Analyses of Nonda and Pall&r limestones . . .l29 11. Analyses of Bonanza limestone from 36. Analyses of RundIe Group limestones ...... l31 KashutIInlet ...... 46 12. Analyses of limestones in Wark and Colquitz MAPS (in pocket) gneisses and West Coast Complex ...... 48 1. Limestone and Dolomite Occurrences of British l3. Analyses of limestones in the southern Coast cdumbii Belt...... 54 14. Analyses of limestones in the north coast 2 Geology and Limestone Occurrences of Northern Belt...... 59 Texada Island (92F/lO, l5) 15. Adyses of ChiIIiwack limestones ...... 63 16. Analyses of Marble Canyon Iimcstoncs . . . . . 69 17. Analyses of btdk samples from Robertson Creek FIGURES deposit ...... n 1. T&tonic Belts of British Colombia ...... 5 18. Analyses of Cache Creek limestones in the 2. Major LimestoneUnitsoftheInsular Belt. , . 6 Stuart Lake belt...... 74 3. Major Limestone Units of the Intermontane Belt . 6 19. Analyses of Harper Ranch limestones . . . . 81 4. Major Carbonate-bearing Units of the 20. Analyses of unnamed Permian limestones . . .85 OminecaBelt ...... 7 21. Analyses of Hozameen and Fergusson 5. Simplified Mississippian - Upper Devonian limestones ...... 88 Stratigraphy of the Rocky Mountain Belt . . . . . 7 22. Andysea of Nicola, Shoemaker and TakIa 6. Major Dolomite Units of the Foreland Belt . . . 8 hnestones ...... 91 7. Geology of the Home Lake Area, Vancouver 23. Adyscs of Ingenika limestones...... 98 Island ...... 18 24. Analyses of Reeves limestones ...... :lOO 8. Distribution of Kunga Group Lower Limestone 25. Adyses of Badshot limestones ...... 102 Member (Sadler Formation) ...... 44 26. Analyses of T&i&in and Mural limestones . :105 9. Geology of Marble Range, Marble Canyon -Hat - . 27. Analyses of Lardeau limestones ...... ,110 CrecK Area ...... 66 28. Analyses of Sandpile and Pcnd d’OrciIIe 10. Geology of Marble Range, West of Clinton . . . 68 Iimestones ...... 112 11. Geology of the Harper Ranch Area, Northeast of 29. Analyses of Anarchist and Miiord limestones :1l3 KamIoops ...... 78 INTRODUCTION

Limestone and dolomite deposits of varying size and ticular areas. British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines quality arc found throughout British Columbia. Some of and Petroleum Resources Bulletin 23, Culcareous the more accessible ones arc currently being exploited for Depositi of Georgia SburilArea, by W.H. Mathews (1947), the manufacture of cement, lime, agricultural soil con- reviews carbonate deposits on Texada Island, southern ditioner and a variety of crushed and ground products. Vancouver Island and on the Lower Mainland. A decade Other carbonate deposits will be explored and possibly later this bulletinwas revised and reprintedas BuUetin40, developed in the near future to satisfy increasing demand CalcareousDeposits of Sourhwesrem British Columbia, by for limestone by the pulp and paper industry and for W.H. Mathews and J.W. McCammon (1957). The B.C. limestone. and dolomite as ftiers and extenders. Con- Miter of Mines Annual Reports for 1954 to 1968 and sumption by the mining industry will also become in- annual editions of Geolom E@orrrrion and Mining in creasingly important in the very near future for the British Columbia for 1%9 to 1973 contain reports on field treatment of a variety of mine effluents. Thii Open File examinations of limestone and dolomite occurrences by report has been prepared to meet industry demands for several authors. Additional descriptions by Z.D. Hors up-to-date information on limestone and dolomite in the can be found in the Geo@icalFieldwork series published province. Detailed descriptions are given for a number of annually since 1975. The Geological Survey of Canada carbonate occwrcnccs (excluding magnesite, marl, occasionally sampled carbonates in the course of regional travertine, tufa) throughout British Columbia, based on a mapping programs up to the 1950s; the results arc pub- compilation of previously published and unpublished lished in the Memoir series. literature dealing with limestone and dolomite in the Most of the literature cm limestone and dolomite in province. The report is exhaustive in respect to available, British Columbia is a product of government surveys. up-to-date geological data. It can be expected, however, Traditionally, both limestone and dolomite were excluded that with further exploration, many more exploitable from the defdtion of “mineral” under the Mineral and limestone and dolomite bodies will be discovered. Land Acts. Until recently tenure over limestone and This compilation relies extensively on several pre- dolomite deposits had always belonged to the owner of vious province-wide compilations. The first, Canada surface rights to the land. The administration of tenure Department of Mines Report 452, Reporr on the Building on Crown lands followed the regulations of the Land Act. and Ornamental Stones of Canada, Volume 5, by W.A. This was, however, changed in 1988 with proclamation of Parks (1917) was part of a national compilation of dimen- the new Mineral Tenure Act. Under this act both corn- sion stone (marble, granite, etc.). Lithological descrip modities are defmed as “minerals”. As with other mineral tions and chemical analyses are given for a number occurrences, limestone and dolomite deposits must now limestone (marble) deposits. The second, Canada be “staked” in accordance with the Mineral Tenure Act. Department of Mines Report 811, Limestones of Canada, Staked mineral claims are maintained by carrying out Part $1944 by ME Goudge (1944), was a more. detailed exploration work and submitting the results in the form compilation based on field examinations of numcrc~us of assessment reports to the Ministry of Energy, Mines occurrences throughout British Columbia. J.W. Mc- and Petroleum Resources. In the past, before the enact- Gammon and Z.D. Hors of the Ministry of Energy, Mines ment of the Mineral Tenure Act, only a handful of lime- and Petroleum Resources have since prepared two un- stone deposits were staked and the amount of information published lists of occurrences: Linteskxuz Occumwces in previously made public by industry in the form of assess- British Columbia, in 1973 and Do/on& Occu~~~cer in ment reports was very limited. Bririslt Columbia, in 1980. These are essentially a com- In addition to assessment reports, a number of plete listing of occurrences by area, following the Nation- private reports have been voluntarily submitted to the al Topographic System. The two compilations arc largely Industrial Mineral Subsection over the years. With the based on literature of regional nature (e.g., Geological cooperation of a number of companies and individuals, Survey of Canada maps and memoirs) and some un- this collection was greatly expanded during the prepara- published information. Very brief descriptions arc oc- lion of this report casionally given for some of the occurrences listed. The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to the In addition to the province-wide compilations, a few numerous industry representatives for assisting with ad- publications provide information on carbonates in par- vice and providing information and copies of private

Open File 1992-18 1 reports, which would otherwise be inaccessible to the Goudge, M.E (1944): Liiestones of Canada, their Oc- Ministry. The author wishes to also thank DannyHora for currence and Characteristics; Canada Deputment initiating this project and reviewing this manuscript, and of Mines and Resources, Mines and Geology Branch, Dr. N.W.D. Massey of the Ministry and Dr. W.R. Danner Report 811, Part 5,233 pages. of the University of British Columbia for providing infor- Mathews, W.H. (1947): CalcareousDeposits ofthe Cieor- mation on limestones of the Insular and Intermontane gia Strait Area; B.C. Ministy of Energy, Mines and tectonic belts. Drafting by S. Dumais is also much ap- Petroleum Resources, Bulletin 23, ll3 pages. preciated. John Newell is also acknowledged for provid- Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous ing a thorough edit of this manuscript. This project was Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; B.C. funded by the Canada/British Columbia Mineral Ministy of Enem Mines and Petroleum Resources, Development Agreement, 1985-1990. Bulletin 40,105 pages. Halter, M.E. (1976): Limestone Resources of Alberta; SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Alberta Research Council, Economic Geology Bowen, O.E. (1973): Limestone and Dolomite Resources Report 4.91 pages. of California; California Division of Mines and Geol- McCammon, J.W. (1973): Limestone Occurrences in ogv, Bulletin 194,60 pages. British Columbia; B.C. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Carr, D.C. and Rooney, L.E(l983): Limestone and Petroleum Resources, unpublished report, 37 pages. Dolomite; in Industrial Minerals and Rocks, 5th McCammon, J.W. and Hors, Z.D. (1980): Dolomite Oc- Edition, SJ. Lefond, Editor, American Institute of currencesinBritishCo1umbia;E.C. MiniqofEner- Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, gx Mines and Petroleum Resames, unpublished Inc., pages 833-868. report, 4 pages. Danner, W.R. (1966): Limestone Resources of Western O’Driscoll, M. (1988): Dolomite, More than Crushed Washington; Washington Division of Mines and Stone; Industribl Minerals Magazine, Sept. 1988, Geology, Bulletin 52,474 pages. pages 3143. Danner, W.R. (1976): Limestone Resources of South- Parks, W.A. (1917): Report on the Buildiig and Or- western British Columbia; in Proceedings of the namental Stones of Canada; Canada Depament of 11th Forum on Geology of Industrial Minerals, Mines, Mines Branch, Report 452, Volume 5, 236 MontanaBurerruofMinesand Geology,Special Pub- pages. lication 74, pages 171-186. COMPOSITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF CARBONATE ROCKS

Carbonate rocks are rarely monominemIIic but are calcium contents are usuaUy given in terms of CaO generally comprised of various carbonate mioeraIs with (lime) an4 less mmnmdy, as C&Or Conversion factors minor to trace amounts of sikeou and carbonaceous between the two are given in Table 2 In this report aU (organic) matter. Limestone mnsists dominantly of cat- adyiical resdts are reported as CaO, the more common cite (C&03), the most common carbonate mineral. By usage. This analysis is critical in assessing the purity of definition,it contains~IeastMpcrcentbyweightCaCO3 limestones; pure limestone contains 100 per cent CaCO3 (American Gedogicd Institute; Gkxsary of Geology, or 56.03 per cent cao. 2nd Edition, 19&l, R.L. Bates and JA. Jackson, Editors). TABLE 2 Aragonite is a form of calcite that differs only in its crystal CONVERSION FACTORS struchme and is usually found in more recent deposits (e.g. shells, coral reefs, precipitates from hydrothermal TOCONVERT MULTIPLY BY springs, etc.). Dolomite [CaMg(CO3)3] is commonly FROM TO found in minor quantities in Limestone, as grains, lenses and thinbeds. Occasionaliy, however, carbonate deposits %2? &EL %z 0.4781 are comprised almost entirely of dolomite. A few other 2m17 carbonate miner&, such as siderite (F&03)), ankerite x3 hi%% [CazMgFe(CO$~] and magnesite (MgC03) usually omur in trace amounts. Silicates are a common but minor constituent of most Magnesium contents are commonly reported as MgO (magnesia) or MgCOs (magnesium c&mate). minerals (aluminos.iIicates) are the most common silicate Conversion faders between the two are also listed in minerals found in carbonate rocks. Quartz occurs as %ble 2 The purity of dolomite can be assessed from individual sand or silt-sized grains or as veins. Chert, a either an+& pure dolomite contains 21.86 per cent very fine grained form of quartz, tends to form nodule MgO or 45.R per cent MgCO3. lenses and thin beds. Metamorphosed carbonates may Siica (SiO3) and alumina (AI203) are w&din deter- contain a variety of metamorphic silicates such as garnet, miniog the amount of contamination by silicate minerals. idccmse, tremotite and w&stonite. In older pubkaticms insolubles and “RzO3” are reported Because of their variable mineralogy, carbonate in place of Sio2 and &Or Insolubles refer to the residue deposits must be sampled and tested for an array of remaining atIer carbonate minerals are dissolved using constituents in order to determine their stitabiity for acetic, nitric, suiphuic or hydrochloric acid. Insoluble particular industrial applications. Sample results are residues are comprised mostly of silica with minor presented as proximate analyses, where most of the con- amounts of other metal oxides and carbonaceous matter. stituents are listed as oxides as shown in Table 1. Results hdyseS reported as R203 essentially repreSentS the sum are always given in weight per cent. of &Cl3 and FezOh with the addition of minor amounts ‘IQ, P205, Be303, 0203 and ZrOz. If any of these TABLE 1 CONSTITUENTS COMMONLY LISTED IN A oxides are reported separately they are exduded from PROXIMATE ANALYSIS RzO3. For eXampIe, where Fe303 is reported SepanteIy, as is mmmody the case, R& is essentiaUy equivalent to ‘-wh Iron is reported as F~03 (ferric oxide) in most proximate analyses of limestone and dolomite. It occurs in various forms in carbonate rock: siderite (F&t&) and ankerite (CazMgFe(CO3)4) are two carbonate minerals containing iron; iron sulpbides, mwt commonly pyrite (FcS2), may also be present; silicates such as garnet,

Open File 1992-18 3 B,idsh Cdwnbia epidote mica and chlorite also contribute to the total iron A number of classification schemes have been ap content. plied to carbonate rocks based on such criteria as texture, Alkalies, NazO (soda) and&O (potash) are usually origin and mineralogy. For industrial applications a clas- present in trace amounts and generally indicate the sification system relying on chemical composition is most presence of such silicate minerals as mica and feldspar. useful. A commonly used scheme based on carbonate Sulphur contents arc usually reported as elemental compositions is outlined below (modified from Mathews sulphur (S), although the sulphur usually occurs in the and McCammon, 1957, page 7): form of iron sulpbides; sulphur also tends to be associated with the carbonaceous matter found in carbonates. Ultra high calcium limestone: at least 97 per cent calcium Ignition loss (L.O.I.) refers to the amount of volatile carbonate (54.3% CaO). matterdrivenoffwhencarbonatcrocksarc heatedtobigh High-calcium limestone: at least 95 per cent calcium temperatures. Such volatiles include carbon dioxide, carbonate (53.2% CaO). Up to 2 per cent magnesium water and organic materials. Most of the volatile matter carbonate (0.96% MgO). is comprised of carbon dioxide.. In most analyses ignition Calcium limestone: contains predominantly calcium car- loss is given in place of separate analyses for carbon bonate but cannot be classified as high-calcium lime- dioxide and water. Water is not included with ignition loss stone; contains up to 10 per cent magnesium carbonate if it is reported separately. Ignition loss is typically a few (4.79% MgO). per cent greater than the carbon dioxide content. Pure Magnestan (magnesium) limestone: 10 to 40 per cent limestone and dolomite contain 43.97 per cent and 47.73 magnesium carbonate (19.15% MgO). per cent carbon dioxide respectively. Dolomitic limestone: greater than 40 per cent to less than Brightness (whiteness) is commonly tested for 45.7’2 per cent magnesium carbonate (21.86% MgO). The crushed and ground limestone or dolomite used in fillers, term “dolomitic limestone” is used quite loosely in most extenders and gramdar products. Dry brightness is deter- geological literature, especially in regional studies. In mined by measuring the reflectance of a pellet of ground such cases magnesium limestone may also be referred to limestone or dolomite relative to a standard that is as- as dolomitic limestone. The term “dolostone” would be a signed a brightness of l&l. The American Society for more useful alternative to the term “dolomitic limestone” Testing and Materials specifies a surface coated with in this classification system, since it is used to describe magnesium oxide a~ o~lc standard (A.S.T.M. Standard E carbonate rocks comprised almost entirely of the mineral 97-55); barium sulphate is also commonly used. Bright- dolomite. ness is reported in per cent. The colour of light used in Other chemical-based definitions (Bowen, 1973, p. measuring the brightness is usually also reported. “GE. 23) are: brightness” is a term commonly used in reporting bright- Limy dolomite: 20.9 to 37.7 per cent magnesium car- ness readings in North America and refers to brightness bonate (lo-18% MgO) measured by a reflectometcr that has been calibrated High-magnesium dolomite: at least 37.7 per cent mag- against the master reflcctomcter of the Massachusetts nesium carbonate (18% MgO) Institute of Technology. This particular instrument is a High-purity dolomite: at least 41.8 per cent magnesium product ofGeneral Electric, hence the term “G.E. bright- carbonate (20% MgO). ness.* Miniray

FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF CARBONATES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

Liiestone is a sdiicntary rock formed by the Limestones are found in aU five tectonic belts of the. biochemical precipitation of calcite or aragmite by Cordillera (Fwe 1). Their general characteristics are in various organisms such as cods, bivalves and algae. It part a ftlnction of the tectonic belt in which they occur. occurs less commonly as a chemical precipitate unrelated The Insular and Intemmtane belts are comprised to organic activity (e.g. ootites). domiaantly of ~lcanic and sedimentary rocks deposited

FIGURE 1: Tectonic Belts of

I British Columbia

Fire 1. Tectonic belts of British Columbia.

Open File 1992-18 5 Bdish Columbia

FORMATION AGE SOUTHERN INSULAR BELT NORTHERN INSULAR BELT

JuRAssIc

VaIlCOllVeX- Parsons Bay Fin xunga Peril Fm.

Group Quatsino Fin. Group Sadler Fin. TRIASSIC

PERMIAN

Mount Mark Fornation

PIZNNSYLVANIAN

Nicola Goup sinwa Formation TRIASSIC

Marble Cache ""named canyon Teslin PERMIAN Flu. Creek Terrace chilliwack Formation GTX"P GlYO"P limestone Horsefeed Harper (Stuart

6 Formation Att"OOd

Group Milford Group _-___

---I-

sandpile Group

Fiire4.Major carbonatebeuinguinitsofthe Omin.%xBek.

FORMATION AGE SOUTHEASTERN B.C. NORTHEASTERN B.C. Etherington hn Rundle Mt. Head W

Livingstone Rundle Group Formation GXl"p

Banff Formation I Banff Formation I Exshaw Formation I Exshaw Formation I

UPPER Palliser Formation I Pallisar Formation I DEVONIAN Alexo Formation Besa River Formation

Figure S.Simpliiied Mississippian-Upper Devonian Stratigraphy ofthe RockyMountain Belt. Now Iqmim lhestme mits show in bold.

Opm File 1592.18 7 FORMATION AGE SOUTHEASTERN B.C NORTHEASTERN B.C. Alex0 Formation DEVONIAN stone Formation

Muncho-McConnell Formation

SILURIAN Nonda Formation

Beaverfoot FonnatiOn ORDOVICIAN

Jubilee Formation CAMBRIAN

Figure6,Majordolomiteunitsof theForelandB&. on oceanic plates remote from ancestral North America. assic limestones (Fwe 4) deposited in eugeosyncliaal Movement of the earth’s crustal plates resulted in these and miogeosyncliaal settings, usually as shallow-water “exotic” temmes cdidhg with the ancestral continent shelf sediments. during the late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. These The Foreland Belt hosts similar anmetamorphosed oceanic termtes contain sigtdftcaut carbonate units rang miogeosynclinal limestones ranging from Cambrian to ;nP in age from Mississippian to Late lkiassic. Figures 2 ‘lliassic in age. They tend to occur in northwest-trending and 3 show the major limestone units of the Insular and belts of considerable extent (Map 1) as a result of folding Intermontane belts. Massive limestones of extreme purity and faulting and are typically bedded and occasionally are confmed to platformal carbonates in the Upper Tri- quite pure. The purer deposits are contained in units of assic of the Insular Belt and Mississippian to Permian of Miiissippian and Upper Devonian age (Figure 5). the Intermontane Belt. Limestones deposited in island Dolomite may be of sedimentary or hydrothermal arc sequences of the Insular Belt (e.g. Battle Lake Group) origin. Sedimentary dolomite may occur as a chemical and the Intermontane Belt (e.g. Nicola and Takla groups) precipitate (i.e. primary) or more likely as a replacement tend to be more siliceous, argillaceous and limited in in limestones that have experienced an inllm of mag extent. nesium rich brines shortly after their deposition (i.e. The Coast Belt (Coast plutonic complex) is a product diagenetic). Dolomite replacement may occur of intense plutonism caused by the accretion of the ter- throughout an entire deposit or be confmed to particular ranes of the Insular Belt (Wrangellia, Alexander) to beds within it. Significant sedimentary deposits are large- NorthAmericaintheLateCretaceousandEarlyTertiary. ly restricted to Paleozoic and Proterozoic Carbonates of limited extent and varying composition miogeosyncliaal strata of the Omineca and Rocky Moua- occur here as metamorphosed roof pendants withm tain belts. Fiie 6 shows the important dolomite. units of granitic rocks and represent remnants of units of the the Foreland Belt. Silt-sized particles of quartz are a Insular Belt and possibly the Intermontane Belt. common contaminant of such deposits. Chert is also fre- The Omineca Belt is comprised of plutonic and quently present in some units. metamorphic rocks resulting from the accretion of Hydrothermal dolomite is formed when fluids various tenanes of the Intermontane Belt (e.g. StSnia, generated through platonic activity or regional metamor- Quesnellia, Cache Creek) during the Late Jurassic and phism are circulated through limestone units. Carbonates Early Cretaceous. The belt contains Precambrian to Tri- dolomitized in such a manor are commonly brecciated because of the decrease in volume (I3 per cent) that lying adjacent to the fault on the east margin of the occurs when limestone (calcite) is replaced by dolomite. Intermontane Belt are sporadically dolomitized. The Numerous examples of tbis form of dolomitization OCCUT hydrothermal dolomitization of limestone is usually in- in the Coast Belt and to a lesser extent in the Insular and complete, hence dolomitized limestones may grade from Omineca belts. Occasionally, the hydrothermal fluids are dolomite through to magnesian limestone. channelled along faults or fractures. The Pichi fault is such an example; limestones of the Cache Creek Group

Open File 1992-D 9 Bniish C&,nb;o

10 Geological Swvey Bmnch PRODUCTION AND CONSUMYI’ION OF LIMESTONE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

Limestone and dolomite are currently produced stone is also used. The bigher silica and alumina contents from a few locations throughout the province for a variety found in some limestones may be useful for mamtfactur- of uses. Most of the limestone production currently ing cement but excessive amounts of alkalies cannot be originates from Texada Island on the coast, while most of tolerated. Total alkalies (N&Xl + 0.658 x K20) should be the dolomite production comes from Crawford Creek, below 0.6 per cent. Magnesia content commonly cannot east ofKootenayLake.Tables3and4outline theproduc- exceed 3 per cent. tion and consumption of both commodities in British Lime manufacturing is another important use of Columbia for 1986 and 1987. limestone in the province. Texada Lie Ltd. produces Most of the limestone consumed in cement manufac- lime (CaO) and quicklime [Ca(OH)Z] at a plant in turing in British Columbia is quarried on northern Texada Langley. The company is supplied with limestone from Island by Ashgrove Cement West Inc. (Blubber Bay quar- Texada Island. Continental Lie Ltd. (formerly Steel ry) and H&am West Materials Ltd. (formerly Ideal Brothers Canada Ltd.) operates a lime plant and an Cement Company Ltd.). The two companies supply the adjacent quarry in Marble Canyon west of Cache Creek. cement plants of Tilbury Cement Ltd. in Delta, and Limestone used for lime manufacture must be at least Lafarge Canada Inc. in Richmond B.C. Both also supply high-calcium in composition, with less than 2.5 per cent their own cement plants in Washington and Oregon. MgO. Lafarge Canada, which operated a quarry on Texada The pulp and paper industry is also a significant Island up to 1986, continues to quarry limestone 18 consumeroflimestone inBritish Columbia.Itwasinitially kilometres east of Kamloops to supply its adjacent ce- consumed by pulp mills using the acid sulphite process of ment plant. Generally bigh- calcium limestone is required manufacturing pulp from wood chips. About half the mills for cement manufacturing, although some calcium lime- nowuse the sulphate (k&t) process, while the remaining TABLE 3 LIMESTONE AND DOLOMITE PRODUCTION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA FOR 1986 AND 1987 (tonnes x 1000)

LIMESlONE

1986 t9*7 1149.8 19075 1@465 1046.3 mm.8 -140.9 341.4 126.9 Id W6.1 TJ4.6 25.4 3o.O 10.0 0 -7.1 %6 m9.9 -13.2 3494.4

DOLOMITE

Y21.7 *31.9 8.0 8.0

35.7 39.9

Open File 1992-18 11 British Columbia

TABLE 4 LIMESTONE AND DOLOMITE CONSUMPTION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA FOR 1986 AND 1987 (tonnes x 1000) USE 1986 1987 cheat manvfaetvrc Domestic 1282.8 10.51.1 Foreign 468.1 724.1

Lime Manufacture Domestic 290.7 3a8.1 Forrip 395.9 384s Pvlp and paper 129.4 165.1

AgTiClhIfZ 19.1 27.0 Wlcra (whiting) 31.7 313 Sl”cco dash 14.4 18.1 Crushed rock (agpegate, railroad ballast. till, 283.1 328s riprap, mad metal, etc.) Other Domestic 8.9 14.7 Foreign 149.7 1425

TOl&Z M73.7 3475.1 Sowe: Mineral Policy Branch of Uu B.C. hfinimy of Enngy, Mina & Pooleurn Ruoruccr Note: D&mite wed for whin’ngand agiculwc

half use mechanical *mcesses. The sulphate process has agricultuml markets in Alberta. During this period the gained wide acceptance over the years, because it Alberta government offered a transportation subsidy to produces a stronger pulp more economically. pulp mills cover costs of transportation to markets in Alberta. Liie- using this method require Iime (CaO) to recover the stone used for “agri-lime” cao range from high- calcium caustic soda (NaOH) used in the sulphate pmcess. Most to dolomitic in composition. mills calcine their cwm limestone 011 site to produce the A smaII amount of carbonate rock quarried in the required lime. The various mechanical processes province is crushed and ground for a variety of uses such presently used by half of the miIIs do not require Iime or as fillers and extenders in paints and plastics, as chips and limestone. Kmti and mechanical processing are expected granules for architectural and decorative purposes, and to maintain their relative importaxe in the local pulp in the manufacture of glass. International Marble and industry in the near future. Kmft miUs situated on or near Stone Company Ltd.. Miity White Dolomite Ltd., Im- the coast are currently supplied by Texada Island. Lime- perial Limestone Ltd. and Holnam West Materials Ltd. stone from Texada Island has been shipped to mills aIoag are currently producing Limestone and dolomite for such the Pacific coast from Alaska to northern California. In purposes. International Marble and Stone operates a thepast,afewquarriesoperatingonthecoastaImainIaad quarry at Benson Lake on Vancouver Island and an an- fuItiied part of this demand. Several quarries in the dergmuad mine at Lost Creek, southeast of Salmo io the interior currently supply mills located at McKenzie, Kootenays. The company also mines dolomite at Craw- prince George and Quesnel. Limestone or “pulp rock” ford Creek near Kootenay Lake. Miity White Dolomite consumed by tbe pulp and paper industry is at least higb- operates a dolomite quarry southeast of Rock Creek in calcium in composition, with less than 3.0 per cent MgQ. the Boundary District east of Osoyoos. Imperial Lime- Agricultural limestone (or “agri-lime”) is generally stone and H&am West Materials each produce white produced as a byproduct by the major quarries. It is limestone from two quarries on northern Texada Island, required to neutralize acidic conditioos found in some largely for export to Washington State. Limestone and soils. A number of attempts were made to quarry Iime- dolomite for use in most ffiers and extenders must have stone in northeastern British Colambii and the Price a brightness in excess of 85 per cent (ideally 95 to 96 per George area between 1983 and 1986 specilicaIIy to supply cent dry brightness in blue light), low iron contents and

1.2 G&G&I Sumy Bmnch no silicates. Glass manufacturers require limestone with paper manufacturing in Europe is quite common. North no more than 0.10 per cent FezO3. Excessive iron causes American paper producers have been slow to switch to a greenish discoloration in glass. alkali processes but is scope for development in this The consumption of limestone. and dolomite is ex- market for white limestone. Limestone is currently used pected to increase in a number of areas in the near future. as a faer and coater in fme paper but production is The province’s mining industry will be relying more on comparatively small in British Columbia and the Pacific limestone to control acid rock drainage and to neutralize Northwest, because of the limited market for the product. waste cyanide used in the treatment of gold ores. The pulp The increasing use of precipitated calcium carbonate and paper industry is expected to consume increasing (PCC) in paper manufacturing may also limit this market amounts, espxially with the recent construction of new for white limestone. Dolomite mayeventuallybe required mills in northern Alberta, some of which will require to cmtrol sulphur emissions from the coal-fued electrical limestone. In addition to pulp manufacturing, limestone generating plants that are beii considered to partly is also used as a coater and ffier in paper, where alkali fultii the steadily rising demand for electricity in the processes are employed. Alkali processing of pulp for pKWhCe.

Open File 1992-18 13 Bririrh Columbia

14 Geological Suivey Bmnch The following sections describe the various car- tion available are factors considered in determining the bonate deposits and their host formations. Generally, relative importance of the deposits. Where formations only deposits that have been previously described in contain numerous deposits over widespread areas, the detail arc included. Other, less well known deposits are deposits may be subdivided geographically or gcological- described in MINFILE and are listed in Appendix 1. ly into smaller groups before being ranked in order of Formations are described only if they host deposits that importance. have been described in detail and this report cannot be Each deposit is assigned a number in MINFILE, tbe used as a comprehensive guide to the carbonate stratig- Geological Survey Branch’s computerized mineral inven- raphy of British Columbia, although most of the more tory database. Information from MINFILE can be a& important carbonate units are included. tained by the general public on printouts or computer Geological formations and groups are organized by diskettes. Each carbonate occurrence described in tbis tectonic belt (i.e. Insular, Coast, Intermontane, Ombleca report is also assigned a map number in order of ap- and Foreland, Figure l), the exceptionbeing the inclusion pearance in the text. The location plots of each occur- of the Chilliwack, Fcrgasson and Hozameen groups in the rence shown on Map 1 are Iabelled with their Intemmntaae Belt instead of the Coast Belt. This is be- corresponding map number. The map numbers of car- cause these units lie east of the main granitic mass of the bonate deposits comprised mostly of limestone are Coast crystalline complex Some formations OCCUTin both precededbytheletterL,whilethoseofdolomiticdeposits the Foreland and Omineca belts. In such cases, a forma- are preceded by the letter D. tion is included with the belt which contains most of the The name, MNFILE number and map number is described deposits for that particular formation. The host included in each deposit description. Names are usually formations aad groups are presented in order of decreas- derived from nearby physiographic features or popala- ing age within the individual tectonic belts. Where formation centres. Sometimes the name of a company that has tions are of similar age, the formation lying farther to the been involved in developing or mining a deposit is used. west or south is described fust. Units of unknown age arc A second name is commonly given in parentheses. described last. The stratigrapbic setting distribution, Each deposit is located by NTS map sheet, latitude thickness and general lithologyof the carbonate units arc and longitude. The NTS number refers to the 154 Ooo outlined in regional summaries for each unit. scale map sheets of the National Topographic System. Regional references to publications of the Geological Latitudes and longitudes are determined primarily from Survey of Canada and the British Columbia Ministry of either quarry or sample locations (drill holes, chip Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources are given after samples, grab samples). If a quarry or sample location each formation summary. cannot be used the coordinates are given as the centre of The individual deposit descriptions arc organized by the largest carbonate outcrop. host formation or group and follow the regional sum- A selected bibliography is given after each deposit maries of the host units. The more important deposits are description, using the same format as the regional rcfcr- described fust. Size, quality and the amount of informa- ences.

Open File 1992-18 15 16 Ged&cd Sunny Branch

couver Island and Gulf Islands; Paper 68-50, 52 Development is limited to some mapping and sam- pages. pling by B.C. Cement in the 1950s. Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and Dom, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Vaa- Selected Bibliography coavcr Island, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File lZ’Z British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and P&&-urn 10 Sheets. RWXUCt?S:

Home Lake NTS: 92F/07W Massey, N.W.D., and Friday, SJ. (1989): Geology of the MINFILE No.: 92F 089 Latitude: 4921’35 AIbemi - Nanaimo Lakes Area, Vancouver Island Longitude: 124”43’47 (92F/lW, 92FiZE and part of 92Fi7E); in Geological Map No.: LOO1 Fieldwork 1988, Paper 1989-1, pages 61-74. The Home Lake occorrencz is located approximate- Massey, N.W.D., Riddell, J. aad Damais, S. (1989): GeoI- ly 12 kilometres north-northeast of Port AIbcmi. The ogy of the Port AIbemi - Nanaimo L.akes Area deposit consists of a limestone bed of variable thickness (92F/lW,2 and part of 7); Open FiIe 19896, Sheets 1,2aod4. that is exposed as ao arc along the steep bluffs on the north and west sides of the lake (Figure 7). The limestone Mathews, W.H. and McCammoo, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous is overlain by massive to pillowed basaks of the Upper Deposits of Southwestern British Colombii; Bul- ‘It&sic Karmutsen Formation and underlain by bedded Ietin 40, pages 49-51. tat% and volcanic breccias of the McLaughlin Ridge Geologid Surveyof Canada Formation. Exposed thicknesses vary up to 360 metres, as revealed on the south face of Mount Mark on the north Sutherland Brown, A. Yoratb, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and side of the lake. To the east and west the limestone thins Dam, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- to less thao l20 metres. The unit is folded into a broad couver Island, LlTHOPROBE 1; Open File l272, northwesterly plunging synclice that is segmented by a Sheet 4. series of steeply dipping faults. This deposit is comprised of medium to light grey, Anderson Bay NT’S: 92F/09E fine to coarse-grained, well-bedded recrystallized MINFILE No.: 92F 088 Latitude: 4931’00 bioclastic limestone containing abundant crinoid Map No.: LOO2 Longitude: 124OO8’33 remains. Thin sections display muoeroas whole and frag- mented crinoid discs in a very fme grained Iimy mud The Anderson Bay occurrence is located on the matrix with minor secondary silica. At Mount Mark the southeast coast of Texada Island, 43 kilometres northwest limestone contaios minor thio chert beds in the upper and of Nanaimo. Marble was produced from several quarries lower parts of the exposed section. In the middle the up to 1917. limestone is ioterstratifiedwith lenses and beds of argillite A limestone bed 37 to 60 metres thick extends and toff. Several gabbro sills intrude the limestone near northward for 1.7 kilometres. It is unconformably ovcr- the top of the section. lain by amygdaloidal basaltic flows aad is underlain by

TABLE 5 ANALYSES OF SAMPLES OF MOUNT MARK LIMESTONE Btirish Columbia

matic breccias,grey argillites and aphanitic volcanics. BannersQuarry is located 400 metreswest of the Bedding strikesnorth to northwestand dips 30” to 60” CobbleHi Stationof the Esquimalt and NanaimoRail- west.The bed pinchesout to the southand is truncated wayon Lot l&35 kilometresnorthwest of Victoria.Small to the north by a fault extendingnorthwestward from scalequarrying operations have been carried out here AndersonBay. pcriodicauysince 1947. The depositis comprisedof coarseto tine-grained A quarryis developedin a limestonebed 30 metres white to reddishbrown crinoidal limestone. The lower 12 thick that has been traced along strike for at least lu) to L5metres consists of white to pink crinoidallimestone metres.The limestoneis underlainby black chert,which that gradesupward into 9 to 15m&es ofbanded,pink to strikes140” and dips steeplysouthwest cm the eastside of red crinoidal limestonecontaining some jasper. This is the quarry. overlainby red and greentutFaczous limestone. The depositvaries from a fme-grained,greenish grcy Magnesianand high-calcium beds are presentin the dolomitic limestoneto a coarse-grained,high-calcium, upperpart of the deposit.Near the north endof the band bioclasticlimestone containing abundant organic frag- lenticular massesof fme-grainedpink dolomite,veined mentsand pebblesin a tine-grainedmatrix. Nodulesand with white calcite,occur in the limestone.Analyses of a irregularmasses of chert are sometimespresent. sample from one of these lenses, together with the Severalthin sectionsdisplay numerous exitmid discs averageanalys.is of threechip samplestaken in succession and echinoid spines(?) with somebryozoan strutiures acmssa total stratigraphicthickness of 27 metrcsis given andshell fragmentsin a fme-grained,argillaceous calcite in Table5. cementthat is partially replacedby dolomite. Sampling ‘Kvo small quarrieswere openedup on this deposit resultsreported by MathewsandMcCammon (1957) are in theearly 1900s.Nwtka QuarriesLtd. operateda quar- presentedin Table5. ry on Lot 26,380metres northwest of the headof Ander- Limestonewas producedpericdically from a single son Bay. ContinentalMarble operateda secondquarry quarry behvceo 1947 and 1981by Cobble Hi Lime 540metrestothesouthonLot345.Upto191696.7tormes Products.Behveen 1953 and 1981314U2tonnes of lime- (36 cubic metrcs) of marble were producedfrom this stonewere quarriedfor agriculturaluse. quarryfor ornamentaluses. SelectedBibliography SelectedBibliography Btitish Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum ResourceS: British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Peboleum ReSOUrCeS: Mathews,W.H. (1947):CalcareousDeposits of the Geor- gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages54-55. Hors, ZD. and Sharman,K.J. (1980):Texada Island Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous Liiestonc; in Geological Fieldwork 1979,Paper Depositsof SouthwesternBritish Columbia; Bul- 1980-1,pages 109-111. letin 40,pages 44-45. Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbia; Bul- Marble Bay (Cowichan Lake) NT3 92C/16E letin 40, pages47-49. MINFILE No.: 92C 016 Latitude: 48”50’11” Melnyk, W. and Doborzynski,Z. (1986):Geological, Map No.: LOO4 Longitude: 124”07’13” Geochemical and Geophysical Report 011the S&me Claims;Assessment Report 15229 The Marble Bay occurrenceis situatedon the east end of CowichanLake, 30 kilometrcswest-northwest of Canada Depattment of Mines and Resources Duncan.A limestonebed 150to 300metres thick strikes northwestfor 4.75kilometres across the peninsulaat the Goudge,M.P. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, eastend of thelake. It dipsbetween 30” and W southwest. Part 5, pages156-157. A few dikesintrude the limestone. Parks, WA. (1917):Report on the Building and Or- The formation consistsof chert and well-bedded namentalStones of Canada;Report 452,Volume 5, siliceouslimestone interbedded with relativelypure, light pages149-155. greyto white,massive, fme to medium-grainedlimestone containing abundantcrinoid fragments.Thin sections revealnumcrws crinoid stemsand sponge spicules. Sam- Banner’s Quarry N-I-S: 92B/12E pliig results reported by Mathews and McCammon MINFILE No.: 92B 017 Latitude:48”41’16” (1957)arc givenin Table5. Map No.: LOO3 Longitude: 123”36’27

20 Geolo&d Sumy Bmmh SelectedBibliography SelectedBibliography British Columbia Ministy ofEtwrgv, Mines and Petroleum British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources: F&SOlUCLT:

Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 55-X letin 40, pages 46-47. Mathews, W.H. and McCammoa, J.W. (1957): Calcareous Massey, N.W.D., Friday, ST., Tercier, PE. and Rublee, Deposits of Southwestern British Columbii; Bul- VJ. (1987): Geology of the Cotichan Lake Area letin 40, pages 45-46. (9X/16); Open File 1987-2, Sheets 1 and 9. Canada Depatment of Mines and Resources Raymond (Cobble Hill) N-I-S: 92B/12E MINFILE No.: 92B 019 Latitude: 48”40’35 Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Map No.: LOO5 Longitude: 12358’28 Part 5, page 136.

The Raymond deposit is located 3 kilometres west- Eagle Heights N-IS: 92BJ12E southwest of Cobble Hill Station of the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway, 355 kilometres northwest of Victoria. MINFILE No.: 92B 118 Latitude: 48”39’55 Limestone has been quarried here since 1886 for the Map No.: LOO6 Longitude: 123-44’04” manufacture of lime and cement. This occurrence is comprised of a limestone lens that This occurrence is located on the southeast side of trends northeast for at least 670 m&es. The lens varies Eagle Heights between 550 and 610 metres elevation, 32 up to 150 me&s thick near its south end, where it is kilometres northwest of Victoria. The deposit consists of truncated by a northwest-trending fault that brings Kar- a band of limestone 100 to 300 m&es tide that trends mu&en volcanics in contact with the limestone. To the westward for 1400 metres. The baud is comprised of northeast the deposit gradually thins, eventually pinching coarse-grained, light grey, fossiliferous limestone with out between overlying volcanics and underlying sedi- chert and volcanic inclusions. The analysis of a chip ments. Chert beds within the limestone strike 70” and dip sample taken by McCammon (1973) across 55 m&es is 45” northwest. The underlying sediments strike 060” and reported in Table 5. dip 35” northwest. This deposit is composed of fme to coarse-grained, SelectedBibliography light grey, strongly jointed, calcium to high-calcium limestone that is commonly veined with white calcite. In thii BriIish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines andPeb&um section the rock is seen to be composed mainly of crinoid Rt?SOWCL?S: fragments with bryozoa remains and possible radiolarian McCammon, J.W. (1973): Limestone Occurrences in bodies in a partially recrystallized, dense, calcite cement. B.C.; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral Fide, A series of discontinuous, light-c&wed chert beds, 2.5 page 8. to 10 centimetres thick, and 15 to 90 centimetres apart, occur in the upper part of the limestone lens. Similar but less abundant cbert beds are present near the lower Geological Surveyof Canada: contact. The limestone commonly contains less than 1 per cent magnesia (MgO). Sampling results reported by Clapp, C.H. and Cooke, H.C. (1917): Sooke and Duncan Mathews (1947) are summarized in Table 5. Map-areas, Vancouver Island; Memoir 96, page 105, Between 1886 and 18% Raymond & Sons quarried and accompanying Map 42A. limestone to produce lime from hvo small pits oa the northeast end of the deposit. Buttle Lake NT3 92F/12E British Columbia Cement Company Ltd. acquired MINFILE No.: 92F 422 Latitude: 4999’13” the property and began quarrying limestone from the Map No.: LOO7 Longitude: 12551’15” southwest end of the deposit in 1953 to supply the Bam- berton cement plant. Production continued to 1980, when A band of Pennsylvanian limestone extends for 11 the deposit was largely exhausted. Between 1953 and 1979 kilometres along the east side of Buttle Lake, near its 11.8 million tonnes of limestone were quarried. The quar- south end. The unit dips gently northeast to southeast. ry, 950metres long, is now flooded. Several faults cut the limestone which is underlain near its south end by a gabbro sill.

Open File 1992-B 21 Brirish Cdm bk,

A quarry and a highway exposure 500 m&es north Lake in the Qua&no-Tlupana belt exposes 760 me&s of of the quarry, near the north end of the band, expose light limestone. grcylimestonewithlarge crinoidplatesandchert nodules On central and southern Vancouver Island the Quat- and bands. The analysis of a grab sample taken from the sino Formation occurs as smaller, sporadically dis- quarry by McCammon is included in Table 5. tributed limestone masses, much complicated by faulting A small quarry was excavated on the east shore of and folding. The limestone thins considerably from north- Bottle Lake, 22.4 kilometres south of the Gold River road ern Vancouver Island towards the south. Near Cowichan bridge, sometime before 1973. Lake the unit is less than 75 mctres thick. Near the south end of the island a discontinuous Selected Bibliography: carbonate horizon containing the Bamberton and Tod British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Petroleum Inlet deposits extends from Cordova Bay northweshvard Resources: acxoss Saanich I&t to the east shore of Shavmigan Lake, just south of Strathcona (Cordova-Shawnigan belt). Its McCammon, J.W. (1973): Limestone Occurrences in general fme-grained, massive character, its association B.C.; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral File, with greenstones and its apparent susceptibiity to host page 12. magnetite-sulphide skams suggest this horizon is correlative to the Quatsino Formation. QUATSINO FORMATION ‘Iivo large masses of Quatsino limestone, referred to The Quatsino Formation contains the most sig- here as the northern and southern belts, outcrop on nificant limestone resources situated on or near tidewater Texada Island. The northern belt, with a strike length of along the British Columbia coast. The formation was I3 kilometres and up to 3 kilometres tide, extends from the north end of the island south towards Gill& Bay named for the extensive outcrops of limestone of Late Triassic age occurring oo Quatsino Sound on northern (Map 2). It is preserved along the axis of a broad Vancouver Island. Similar limestone on Tcxada Island, northwesterly plunging syncline that is complicated by previously referred to as Marble Bay Formation, is in- subsidiary folds. The southern belt (Da& Bay deposit) cludedwith the QuatsinoFormation (Mullerand Carson, trends northward along the west coast of the island for 6 kilometrcs within a tilted fault block. 1968). On southern Vancouver Island most Upper Trias- The Quatsino Formation is composed largely of mas- sic limestones were initially mapped as the Sutton limestone. These have also been incorporated into the sive to thickly bedded, fme-grained @critic), black to Quatsino Formation. The Sutton limestone is now light grcy, bluish grey weathering limestone. The rock is predominantly calcium to high- calcium in composition. restricted to the latest Triassic limestone member of the Parsons Bay Formation (Muller, 1982; Massey and Silica contamination in the form of chat nodules and Friday, 1987). beds is fairly common. The limestone in the northern belt can be separated into three members, each at least 100 The Quatsino Formation is conformablyunderlainby basalts and andesites of the Karmutsen Formation. In metres thick, based on composition (Mathews, 1947; places thesevolticrocksarcintercalatedwiththelime- Mathews and McCammon, 1957). The lower member composed exclusively of high-calcium limestone is over- stone, such as in the Cowichan Lake area 011 southern Vancouver Island. The Quatsino limestone grades up- lain by a middle member of generally calcium limestone, ward into thinly bedded black limestone and black cal- which is in turn overlain by an upper member of magnesian limestone. carcous qillite of the Parsons Bay Formation. On northern Vancouver Island the formation outcrops in three major belts that are segmented by faults Selected Bibliography and intruded by gradtic stocks and batholiths of the Jurassic Island plutonic suite (Map 1). The most sig- British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum nificant of these is a discontinuous belt that extends Resotmm: southeastward for 165 kilometres from the north side of Quatsino Sound to Tlupana Inlet (Quatsino-Tlupana Eastwood, G.E.P. .(1968): Geology of the Kennedy Lake belt). Farther east a second belt outcrops to the east and Area; Bulletin 55, pages 19-21. south of Nimpkish Lake, generally trending north- Massey, N.W.D. and Friday, SJ. (1987): Geology of the northwest for 39 kilometres (Niipkish belt). A third belt Cowichan Lake Area, Vancouver Island @C/16); begins just west of Telegraph Cove on the north coast and in Geological Fieldwork 1986, Paper 1987-1, pages follows the Kokish and Bonanza rivers southward to 223-229. BonanzaLake, for a totallengthof3Okilometres (Bonan- Massey, N.W.D., Friday, S.T., Tercier, P.E. and Rublee, za belt). The Quatsino limestone displays its greatest VJ. (1987): Geology of the Cowichan Lake Area thickness in these three belts. A section just south of Alice @C/16); Open File 1987-59 sheets.

22 Geolo&d Swey Bnmch Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous The main quarry (MINFILE 92F 395; Map 2) is Deposits of Southwestern British Columbii; Bul- located cm Lot 25,3 Lilometres east of Davis Bay on the letin 40. west coast of Texada Island. L.&stone has been quarried Webster, I.C.L. and Ray, G.E. (19%): Geology and here since 1945. Miieral Deposits of Northern Texada Island (92Fi9, The quarry is situated near the western margin of the 10 and 15); in Geological Fieldwork 1989, Paper northembelt.Underl~gbasalticflowsoftheKarmutsen 1990-1, pages 257-270. Formation outcrop to the southwest. The strata strike Webster, I.C.L. and Ray, G.E. (1990): Geology and northwest and dip u” to l5’ nortbeast. Limestone is Mineral Deposits of Northern Texada Island quarried from the upper part of the lowest member of the (92F/9,10,15); Open We 19X1-3. Quatio limestone, consisting of at least 200 metres of excIasively high-calcium limestone. Within the quarry the limestone is cut by matic dikes 03 to 45 me&s wide that commonly strike OW and dip wticaIIy. A second set of Hoadley, J.W. (1953): Geology and Mineral Deposits of dikes, 03 to 0.9 m&es wide, strikes l3y. the ZebaUos - Niipkish Area, Vancouver Island, The deposit is comprised of unifomdy, fme-grained, British Columbia; Memoir 272, pages 17-21. black to medium grey, light grey weathering limestone with minor veinlets cxmtaining quartz and pyrite.. The Muller, J.E. (1969): AIbemi, British Columbia; Map 17- analysis of a sample taken across 9.45 m&es of strata 1968. exposed in the face of the north quarry in 1956 is given ia Muller, J.E. (1977): Geology of Vancouver Island; Open Table 6. Reserves are currently estimated at 265 miIIion F& 463. tomes averaging 543 per cent cao (97% caCO3) (Peter MulIer, J.E. (1982): Geology of Nitinat Lake Map Area, Stiks, General Manager, 1989, personal communication) British Columbia; Open File 821. Limestone was initidy produced pe&dicaUy from Mulkr, J.E. (1985): Geology, Victoria, British Columbia; three srdl quarries by Stanley Beale between 1945 and Map l553A. 1956. Since 1958 Holoam West Materials Ltd (formerly MuIIer, J.E., Cameron, B.E.B. md Northcote, KE. Ideal Cement Company) has been producing Limestone (1981): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Noot- from one large quarry with a current (1990) production La Sound Map Area, Vancouver Island, British rate of 25 million tcmaes a year. The majority of this Columbia; Paper 80-16, page 11 and accompanying production is used for cement mufactwing. Behveen Map 15374 No&a Sound, British Columbia. 1952 aad 1987 27.5 million tonnes of limestone have been Muller, JE. and Carson, DJ.T. (1969): Geology and quarried. Mineral Deposits of the Albemi Map Area, Vao- H&am operates the White-rock quarry (MINFILE cower Island and Gulf Islands; Paper 68-50, pages 92F l39; Map 2, I-8) 0.6 Mometres northwest of the south 14-l5. end of Paxton Lake and 25 kilometns southeast of the Mu&x, J.E., Nortbcote, ICE. and Carlisle, D. (1974): main qaany. The quarry is situated approximately 200 Geology and Miieral Deposits of the Alert Bay - metres southwest of the contact with the underlying basal- Cape Scott Map Area, Vancouver Island, British tic ~~lcanics. Hobmm began quarrying this deposit for its Cohmbii; Paper 74-8, pages 12-15 and accompany- white limestone in 1987. The company currently (19%) ing Map 4-1974. pmduces 25 ooo to 30 ooo tonnes of white limestone per year for export to the United States for ffier applications Mulkr, J.E. and Rcddick, J.A. (1983): Geology of Alert (H. Diggon, 1990, pus. comm.). The limestone contains Bay - Cape Scott, B.C.; Map l552A. at least 98 per cent CaCOs with less than 1 per cent SiO2 Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and and brightnesses of 88 to 96 per cent (green fdter) (H. Dam, K (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- Diggon, Operations Manager, 1990, personal com- couver Island, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File 1272, munication). 10 sheets. Selected Bibliography

TEXADAISLAND British Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines andPetr&um ReSOUlUX Ideal Cement NTS: 92F/lOE MINFILE No.: 92F 395; Mathews, WH. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous 92F 139 Latitude: 49’43’09 Deposits of Southwestern British Columbii; Bul- Map No.: LOO8 Longitude: 124933’46” letin 40, pages 78-79.

Open File 1992.18 23 TABLE 6 ANALYSES OF QUATSINO W4RBLE BAY) LIMESTONE, TEXADA ISLAND

Blubber Bay (Ash Grove Cement) NTS: 92F/15E masses of white limestone occur in the dark limestone, MINFILE No.: 92F 479 Latitude: 49”47’08” probably due to the bleaching effect of solutions moving Map No.: LOO9 Longitude: 12457’17 along fractures. Dolomite and quartz occur as fme disseminations and as v&lets in the middle member. The Blubber Bay quarries are located on Lot l3 Analyses of chip samples reported by Mathews and along the southwest shore of Blubber Bay at the north end McCammon (1957) are in Table 6. Remaining reserves of Texada Island (Map 2). The deposit is situated on the (1989) in the No. 6 quarry, just south of the No. 2 quarry west flank of the northern limestone belt. Locally, the are as follows (R. Graioger, Mine Manager, 1989, per- limestone is deformed into a broad dome centered on the sonal communication): southwest corner of the No. 2 quarry. Dips range from less thaa 10” near the centre of the dome to 40” in the No. l 5 years of chemical grade limestone (less thaa 5% 3 quarry, 150 metres to the northwest. The dome is com- MgO, greater than 98% CaC03) plicated by a few steeply dipping faults with diiplace- l 10 years of cement grade limestone (up to 1.5% meats of up to 3 m&es. The quarries are developed in MgO, 93% CaC03) the upper part of the high-calcium lower member and ia l 300 years of agricultural limestone the lower part of the more magnesiaa middle member of the Quatsino Formation. The deposit is intruded by a few Limestone was initially produced periodically from steeply dipping, dominantly west-trending diorite and two small quarries by various operators behveen 1890 and greenstone dikes a few centimetres to 6 m&es wide. 1910 for lime manufacturing. In 1910 Pacific Lie Com- The limestone is generally tine grained and black to pany took over the operation, producing limestone from dark bluish grey in colour. In places irregular vein-like three larger quarries (Nos. 1 to 3) along the shore of

24 Geoio&d Swey Bmch Blubber Bay up to 1948. In 1966 a new quarry (No. 6) was by calcite and dolomite veinlets. The average anaIysis of opened by Domtar Inc. a Momctre south of Blubber Bay eleven chip samples reported by Mathews and Mc- and is now operated by Ashgrove Cement West Inc. at a Gammon (1957) is given in Table 6. The average grade of rate of approximately 1.5 mixon tomIeS a year (1989). limestone produced from the No. 2 quarry in 1985 was Most of the current production is consumed in cement 52.94 per cent CaO, 1.0 per cent MgQ, 2.59 per cent SiQz, manufacturing. Total production between 1911 and 1987 1.23 per cent Al203,0.45 per cent Fe203,O.U per cent amounted to 18.5 million tonnes. Na20,0.09 per cent K20 and 4259 per cent ignition loss and remaining reserves are estimated at 40 miIIion tonnes SelectedBibliography (Randy Gue, former Quarry Superintendent, 1989, personal communication). British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Limestone was first quarried here by F.J. Beale and Petroletun Resources BeaIe Quarries Ltd. from two larger quarries on the coast (Nos.. 1 and 2) aad three smaller quarries to the west and Mathews, W.H. (1947): CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- south (Nos. 3, 4 and 5). In 1956 Lafarge Canada Inc. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 70-74. acquired the operation and continwxI production from Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous the No. 2quarry on Lot 49911~ to mid-1986. Between 1933 Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; BuI- and 1986 228 miIIion tonnes of Limestone were quarried. letin 40, pages 60-66.

Canada Deputment of Mines and Resources SelectedBibliography

Goudge, M.I? (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines andPetmleum Part 5, pages 144-147. Resames: Lafreniere, C. (1984): Report on Dikes Evaluation, Lafarge/Beale Quarries N-IS: 92F/lOE, 15E Vananda Quarry; unpublished report for Canada MINFILE No.: 92F 396 Latitude: 49’45’02 cement Lafarge, in Industrial Mineral File Mathe- Map No.: LO10 Longitude: 12491’41 ws, W.H. (1947): CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 81-85 These quarries are located on Lots7,8 and 499 along Mathews., WH. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous the east wast of Texada Island, 15 kiIometres east- Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- southeast of the town of Vanaada (Map 2). L&stone has letin 40, pages 74-77. been produced here since 1933. This deposit is situated cm the east margin of the Conada Depwiment of Mines and Resources: northern limestone belt. The limestone has been quarried from the upper part of the lower high-calcium member Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, aad the lower part of the middle calcium member of the Part 5, pages l53-l55. Quatsioo Formation. Bedding generaIIy dips southwest from 2U’ to 40”. In the No. 1 quarry and the western part of the No. 2 quarry (1956) the strata are intensely folded Hiesholt Lake and faulted, probably due to the intrusion of a stock of (Domtar Quarries 4 & 5) NTS: 92F/ 15E quartz diorite just west of the quarries (Mathews and MINFILE No.: 92F 397 Latitude: 49”46’09 McCammon, 1957, page 74). This stock trends northwest Map No.: LO11 Longitude: 12435’37 along the shore for 760 metres. The limestone is commonly cut by andesitic dikes a few centimetres to 12 metres Limestone was quarried 2.5 kilometres south of tide. Most dikes strike 070” and dip 70” to 80” southeast. BlubberBayintheceatreofLot305 (Map2),onthenorth Fii per cent of the cxpostue near the bottom of the No. end of Texada Island, up to 1966. The quarries are 2 quarry (main quarry) is dike. Near the top of the quarry situated on the west flank of the northern limestone belt the amount of dike rock decreases to 20 per cent. and are developed in the lower member of the Quatsino The Limestone is generally fme grained and black. It Limestone. Four steeply dipping dikes, 3 to 6 metres wide becomes medium to coarse grained and grey in colour are each exposed for approximately 100 metres in the No. within 600 metres of the quartz diorite stock. The lower 4 (south) quarry. One of these strikes west, while the rest high-calcium member is quite uniform in composition trend northerly. A few faults aad zones of shattering and while the middle member displays alternating beds of shearing are present. magnesm and caI&m limestone, with the calcium lime- The limestone is generally a uniform fme-grailled, stone predominant. The middle member is wmmoaIy cut massive, black rock. ‘I% subvert&d zones of interbanded

Open File 1592-18 25 black and white limestone, 4.6 to 6 metres wide, are SelectedBibliography exposed in the walls of the No. 4 quarry. The average Brilish Columbia Minkby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum analysis of two chip samples reported by Mathews and &SOUW!S: McCammon (1957) is given in Table 6. Pacifx Lime. Ltd. and Domtar Inc. produced Iime- Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcarcow stone from the adjoining Nos. 4 and 5 quarries between Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- 1948 and 1966. Total production amounted to 5.5 miIIion letin 40, pages 79-80. tonnes. The quarries are now abandoned and flooded. Selected Bibliography WilI Claims (Raven Bay) NTS: 92F/lOE Latitude: 49”43’53” British Cobmbia Minisby of EnergK Mines and Petroleum MINFILE No.: 92F 363 Resounes: Map No.: LO13 Longitude:124’91’14

Matbews,W.H. andMcCammon,J.W.(1957):Calcareous A test quarry was opened up on a limestone deposit Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- on the Wfi 3 claim (Lot 198), 1.7 kilometrcs south-south- letin 40, pages 63-66. west of the head of Raven Bay on the east cast of Texada Island (Map 2). It lies near the eastern edge of the northern limestone belt within the lower high-calcium Iime- Imperial LImestone stone member of the formation. Moderately westward (McKay Q=-v) N-L-Z? 92F/lOE dipping basaltic flows of the underlying Karmutsen For- MINFILE No.: 92F 394 Latitude: 49’44’28 mation outcrop just east of the quarry. The limestone is Map No.: LO12 Longitude: 124031’35” estimated to be at least l50 metres thick in this vicinity. Diamond drilling witbin and around the test quarry The McKay quarry is located near the centre of Lot between 1973 and 1975 encountered dark grey to black, 5OO,l.~lrilometressouthwestofSpratBaynearthenorth fine-grained, massive limestone with some coarse- end of Taxia Island (Map 2). The quarry lies just south grained, medium to light grey limestone down to a depth of the Lafarge/BeaIe Quany (LOlO). Limestonehas been of at least 655 metres (Hole 75-3). The core is cut by quarried here since 1951. pyrite and calciteveitlsandbyafewandesiticdikes;seven This quarry is developed near the eastern edge of the northwest and northeast trending diorite dikesvaryingup northern limestone belt, within the lowest member of the to 9 me&s in width, outcrop mostly south of the quarry. Quatsino Formation. Several steeply dipping, west-strik- Narrow zones of siIiciIi&ion and pyritization are present ing faults are exposed in the quarry. A few hundred in addition to occasional green “schist inclusions” mctres to the southwest the Limestone is in fault contact (sheared dikes ?). The limestone is brecciated in a few with basaltic flows of the Karmutsen Formation. instances. The deposit consists of steeply dipping zones ofwhite The deposit is inferred to contain I36 miIIion tonnes limestone in black limestone, with gradational and sharp of Limestone over a 600 by 900 metre area down to a depth contacts separating the two types. Both types are fme of 90 metres, with a minimum of 53.2 pa cent CaO (95% gmined. The white colotu is probably the result of the C&03), less than 1 per cent MgO and less than 2 per cent bleaching of black limestone by hydrothermal fluids per- SiO2 (O’Connor 1970, p. 10; MacLeod, 1978, p. 5). colating along a system of vertical joints (Mathews and Diamond drilling and surface sampling were carried out McCammn, 1951, pages63,-B). Analyses of randomly in two areas, Block A and Block B, up to 1954. Block A, collected chips of black and white limestone reported by located on the Kelly-Jo fractional claim l50 to 3OUmetres Mathews and McCammon (1957) arc in Table 6. north of the quarry, contains 500 Ooo tonnes in measured This deposit was initially quarried by Don McKay geological reserves averaging 54.40 per cent CaO, 0.25 behveen 1951 and 1958. Imperial Limestone Ltd. ac- per cent MgQ, 2.27 per cent insolubles, 0.23 per cent quired the property in 1959 and has continued operating AllOh 0.260 per cent FezOh less than 0.015 per cent the quarry to the present day. The white limestone is MnOz, less than 0.050 per cent 905, 0.060 per cent mined selectively and barged to Se&de where it is ground sulphw, 0.56 per cent carbonaceous matter and 41.780 to make a variety of products (fliers, extenders, etc.). The per cent CO2 (D&age, 1954, p. 6). Block B, located on black limestone is occasionally sold to pulp miIIs. Some the Wd 3 claim just east of the quarry, has indicated 170 C&l tonnes of limestone are currently (1989) mined reserves of 295 COOtonnes averaging 55.33 per cent CaO, every year. Between 1952 and 1987 production totalled 0.32 per cent MgO, 1.6 per cent insolubles, 0.160 per cent 4.56 million tonnes. AlzO3, 0.160 per cent FezOx, less than 0.006 per cent Mo02,0.046 per cent PzOs, 0.053 per cent sulphur, 0.290

26 GeoIogicd Sum-y Bmnch per cent carbonaceous matter and 42.220 per cent CO;? end of the deposit, near Mouat Bay, in 1973 and 1974. The (Dolmage, 1954, p. 6). company conducted a total-field magnetometer survey Vantex Lime Company carried out an extensive pro- over the area of drii in 1985 to test for the presence of gram of surface sampling and diamond driig on the dikes within the limestone. property up to 1954. Texada Lime Ltd. diamond drilled the property between 1973 and 1975 to test its potential Selected Bibliography for limestone and copper-bearing &am deposits. British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pebvkum Selected Bibliography ResOUrCeS: British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Petroleum Hors, Z.D. and Sharmao, KJ.(1980): Texada Island ReSOUrCeS: Limestone; in Geological Pieldwork 1979, Paper 198&l, pages w-111. Dohnage, v. (1954): Raven Bay Limestone Deposits; WI- Lavaque, J. (1986): Geological and Geophysical Report published report ia Industrial Mineral File. on the Paul l-45 Claims, Assessment Report 14817. Henry, J. and MacDonald, A. (1975): Diamond Drilling Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- Report on the V&l Claim, Assessment Report 5793. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 87-88. Inverarity, J. (1974): Diamond Drilling Report on the Wfl Mathews, WH. andMcCammoo, J.W. (1957): Calcareous and Wip Claims; Assessment Report 4903. Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- MacLeod, J.W., (1978): Texada Lime Ltd., Raven Bay letin 40, pages 80-82. Property; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral Savelieff, R. (1974): Drilling Report oo the Paul Claims, File. Assessment Report 5273. O’Connor, J.T. (1970): Raven Bay Limestone; on- published report in Industrial Mineral File. B.C. Cement (Blubber Bay) NTS: 92F/lSE Texada Lime Ltd. (1973); diamond drill core logs in MINFILE No.: 92F 471 Latitude: 49”48’05 Industrial Mieral Pile. Map No.: LO15 Longitude: 12456’16”

Davie Bay N-IX 92F/Q9W This deposit is located on the north end of the north- MINFILE No.: 92F 104 Latitude: 4996’25” ern limestone belt on Lot I2 on the east side of Blubber Map No.: LO14 Longitude: 124”21’55” Bay (Map 2). Limestone was quarried here by B.C. Ce- ment Co. Ltd. between 1929 and 1957. Locally, the lime- This deposit comprises the southern limestone belt, stone. is folded into a northwest-plunging anticline that is which extends northweshvard for 6.4 kilometres, parallel itself comprised of minor tight folds up to a few metres to the adjacent west coast of Texada Island between D.&e across. The core of the anticline is occupied by the lower Bay and Mouat Bay (Map 1). The belt has a maximum member of the Quatsioo Formation, which outcrops as a exposed width of 1600 metres. The limestone dips south- northwest-trending belt of high-calcium limestone. The west, with underlying basaltic flows of the Karmutsen overlying middle and upper members are exposed along Formation outcropping along the northeast margin of the the limbs of the anti&e as hvo subparallel belts of belt. Tothe southwest the limestoneisinfault contactwith calcium and magnesian limestone extending the Karmutsen volcanics. The tit is possibly up to 300 southeastwards from Blubber Bay and Grilse Point. A metres thick. northeast- trending stock of diorite-gabbro, 300 metrw Diamond drilling on the Paul claim group in 1973 and long, intrudes the limestone along the east shore of Blab 1974 intersected up to 100 m&es of limestone without ber Bay. Numerous northerly to westerly trending encountering the underlying volcanics. Dies within the greenstone and diorite dikes extend outward from this limestone are rare. stock. This belt is generally composed of line-grained, The high-calcium limestone in the urre of the fold is medium to light grey, high-calcium limestone frequently grey, gradar and commonly foliated, while to the south- cut by calcite veins. In places tiny dolomite crystals are west it becomes black and fme grained. The magnesian disseminated in the limestone. On Lot 25 high-calcium limestone tends to have a more uniform creamy colour. limestone is interbedded with magnesian limestone. The average amlysis of a series of five chip samples taken Analyses reported by Mathews and McCammon (1957) in succession across 152 metres of high- calcium lime- are given in Table 6. stone in the centre of the property is given in Table 6. A B.C. Cement Co. Ltd. initially carried out some ex- 305-metre band near the middle of the section, con- ploration work near the south end of the deposit in the taminated with some cream coloured feldspathic 1950s. Lafarge Canada Inc. drilled 31 holes on the north material, was sampled separately.

Open File 1992-18 27 British Colmbin

Limestone was produced from four quarries located The deposit was evaluated by Lafarge Canada Inc. in along the east shore of Blubber Bay, the largest being the 1964forIimestonesoitableforoseiokraft pulpmiIIs.Sixty No. 4 quarry a, G&e Point. Produ&ion between 1929 grab samples were taken. and 1957 totalled 2.1 miUion tonnes of limestone. SelectedBibliography SelectedBibliography British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Pebolewn British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines andP&oleum R.esources: ReSOWCt?S: Dohnage v. (1964): Geological Report on the December Mathews, W.H. (1947): CaIcareous Deposits of the Gem- Claim; Assezzment Report 612 gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 75-78. Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareoos Marble Bay (Sturt Bay) N-K? 92F/lSE Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- Latitude: 49”45’35” Ietio 40, pages 67-71. MINRLE No.: 92F 095 Map No.: LO17 Longitude: 12453’53” Cana& Depwtmenf of Mines and Resoutres: Limestone was quarried sporadically on Lot 1 near Goudge, M.P. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, the west shore of Marble Bay, the sooth arm of Start Bay, Part 5, pages 148-w). on the east coast of Texada Island (Map 2) between 1898 and 1962 This deposit is within the northern limestone belt. December Claims N-l-3 92F/lOE The limestone in the vicinity of Marble Bay is folded into MINFILE No,: 92F 495 Latitude: 49’44’13 an open anticliue that plunges gently southeast. The Map No.: Lo16 Longitude: 124”32’42” various quarries are developed in the upper part of the middle calcium-limestone member of the Quatsino For- The December claims are located 2.5 kilometres mation, some 600 metres above the base of the unit. A few south of Vananda, 1.5 to 35 liilometres due east of Raven steeply dipping north to northwest-strikiag faults are Bay, near the eastern edge of the northern limestone belt evident. The limestone is intruded by a small diorite-gab- (Map 2). In this vicinity the strata are generally flat lying. bra stock and several north to northeast-trending dikes The deposit appears to be in the middle member of the are exposed in the quarries. Quatsino Formation. The deposit is composed mostly of fine-grained, The claims are underlain by very tine grained, black to light grey calcium and high-calcium limestone uniform, creamy white to grey to black limestone. Thin with some pale brown to greenish grey magnesian lime- sections show the limestone is comprised mostly of a stone contaminated with serpentine and other mag- ground-mass of calcite crystals less than 0.10 miUimetre nesium siIicates. Analytical results reported by Mathews in diameter containing larger grains 0.3 to 0.6 miIIimetre and McCammon (1957) are in Table 6. in diameter, either scattered throughout the ground-mass Limestone was produced from one large quarry and or confied to bands within it. The “bumability” of the several smaller quarries on the west shore of Marble Bay limestone (degree towhich it is altered to lime on he&g) by various operators between 1898 and 1962, mostly by was found to improve with smaller grain size. W.S. Beale between 1946 and 1956. Production between Grab sampling indicates three zones of limestone 1917 and 1956 amounted to 472 798 tonnes of limestone. containing less than 2.5 per cent magnesia. Average grades and reserve estimates for the three zones are Selected Bibliography presented as follows (Dohnage, 1964, pages M-15): British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petmleum GM3 MP Reservts Fa!sounxs: W) c-s) W) Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareoos Deposits of the Geor- west 2ane 54.6s 23 3.18 gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 80-81. Ccntralz3nc - 1.49 2.27 Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous East ihc 55.26 1.M 2.04 Deposits of Southwestern British Colombia; BoI- letin 40, pages 72.74. Reserves for ail three zones have been estimated to a depth of 50 feet (15.2 metres). Cana& Department of Mines and Resources: Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, pages 152-153. Parks, WA. (1917):Report on the BuiIdiog and Or- Some limestone was produced up to 1931 from namentalStones of Canada;Report 452, Volume 5, severalquarries located on Lot 9, just southeastof Blub- page160. her Bay OILthe north end of TexadaIsland (Map 2). In the westernpart of the propertythe limestoneis EagIe Bay (McMiian Lime) N-I-3 92F/15E gently folded. This deformationbecomes more intense MINFlLE No.: 92F 477 Latitude: 4Y46’13” andcomplex to the east.Bedding ia a quarrynortheast of the Parismine strikes178” and dips 3Y to 90” east.West- Map No.: LO18 Longitude: 12434’40” trendingdikes commonly cut the limestone and a few small diorite-gabbrostocks have intruded the limestone This depositis locatedwithin the northernlimestone nearthe. Paris mine. belt oo the northernhaIf of Lot 3, adjacentto EagleCove To the westthe limestoneis fme grained,dark bluish on the northeastcoast of TexadaIsland (Map 2). grey to black, and high calcium in composition. To the In the vicinity of EagleCove the three membersof eastfme to medium-grained,aeam to light brown mag- the Quatsinolimestone outcrop on the easternlimb of an nesim limestoneforms a northwest-trendingband cross- anticline that continuesnorthward to the B.C. Cement ing the northeasternquadrant of Lot 9. Analysesof property (LOI5).The upper magnesia0member extends samplesof both magnesianand high calcium limestone southeastwardfrom GriIse Point along the coast past aregiven in Table6. EagleCove to Stwt Bay.The underlyingmiddle calcium Limestonewas produced from severalsmaII quarries to high-calcium member and the lower high-calcium on the northern part of Lot 9, the largest beii just memberoutcrop as parallel belts flanking the magnesiao northeastof the Parismine in the northeastcomer of the limestoneto the southwest.The bedsare IocaUywarped lot. In 1929Western Lime ProducersCompany Inc. quar- into a seriesof opennorthwest-plunging folds with dips ried 962 tonnes;the property was then leasedto Petrie w.ualIynot exceeding40”. Green&one dikes are present but not as commonas 0x1Blubber Bay to the north. Lime Company,which quarried 7394 tonnes ia 1931. The limestoneis generallyfine grainedand bluish grey in dour. Analytical resultsreported by Mathews SelectedBibliography and McCammon(1957) are givenin ThbIe6. Btitish Cobmbia Minisby of Energy MinesandPeb&wn This depositwas sampled and mapped by McMiian Resounes: Lime Companyin 1944and diamonddrilled by Domtar Inc. io 1973. Mathews,W.H. (1947): Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23,pages 74-75. SelectedBibliography Mathews,W.H. andMcCammoo,J.W. (1957): Calcareoos Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbii; BoI- British Columbia Mb&y of Energy Mines andPeboleum letin 40,pages 66-67. RtTSOW-Cl?S: Mathews,W.H. (1944):maps and assays of chip sampling, Gmada Department of Mines and Resources: in IndustrialMineral Pile. Goudge,M.P. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Mathews,W.H. (1947):Calcareous Deposits of theGeor- Part 5, pages147-148,157. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23,pages 78-80. Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbia;BuI- Johnson Quarries NTS: 92F/lOE letin 40,pages 71-72. MINFILE No.: 92F 476 Latitude: 49-44’24” M&l&m Lie Company(1944): assays from sampling, Map No.: LO20 Longitude: 124533’20” in IndustrialMineral File. Limestonewas produced up to 19.55from hvo small quarriesoo Lot 492,350metres south of the eastend of Canada Department of Mines and Resourctx Priest Lake on northern TexadaIsland (Map 2). The Goudge,M.P. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, quarriesare. situated aear the westernmargin of the Part 5, page151. northernlimestone belt, within the middle calcium-limestonemember of the QuatsiaoFormation. The limestone is warpedinto a smaIlsouthwest-plunging syncline with a Fogh Property (Blubber Bay) NTS: 92F/15E westlimb striking015” and dipping 15”northwest and an MINFILE No.: 92F 474 Latitude: 49’47’31” east limb dipping less than lo” south.?\No porphyritic Map No.: LO19 Longitude: 12456’15” dikes st&ing northeastand dipping vertically are exposedin the westquarry.

open Fite 1992-18 29 Bti?ish Columbia

The limestone is fme grained, dark grey to black with over lengths of 36.6 to 195 m&es returned the following some light grey bands. Calcium limestone is predominant, range in compositions (ii per cent) (McCammon 1968 p. with minor interbedded magnesian limestone. The 318, Samples 7, 8, 10, 11, 12): CaO, 53.08-54.12; MgQ, analysis of a chip sample across 11.6 metres of strata in 0.79-1.89; insolubles, 0.59-1.25, R20z, 0.18-033; Fe.203, the southwest face of the west quarry is given in Table 6. 0.04-0.17; MnO, 0.005-0.016; P205.0.01; sulphar,

30 GcoIogikd Smey Bmnch TABLE I ANALYSES OF QUATSINO LIMESTONE, NORTHVERN VANCOUVER ISLAND

0.06

Open File 1992-18 31 the south shore of Iron Lake are given in Table 7. On the The majority of the deposit on the Bonanza l, 2 sod west side of the Benson River the limestone is white to Dora mineral claims (MINFILE No. 92L 109) is corn- grey. Analyses of three grab (?) samples of this limestone prised of upper, medium to dark grey Limestone and from the Merry Widow - Empire property (MINFILE lower, light grey to white limestone members. The upper 09ZL 044) are also given in Table 7. member is occasionally contaminated v&b chert nodules International Marble and Stone Company Ltd. has and minor tremolite. The lower member is fme to coarse- been quarrying limestone at Benson Lake since late 1985. grained and styIoIitic. Thin beds and lenses of dark grey The limestone is shipped to Surrey, British Columbii pyritic chert are present within the limestone near the whereit isprocessedintoavarietyofffier-grade products south end of the deposit. The chert nodules and pyr;tic at the cornpa& plant. Production between 1985 and 1987 totalled 26 810 tonoes of limestone. Taywin Resour- chert lenses become more numerous near the basalt con- ces Ltd., of Vancouver sampled limestone on its Merry tact andquartzmonzonitestock.NumeroosapIite,diorite Widow - Empire property in 1990 while exploring for and amphibolite siIls and dikes have intruded the lime- precious metal bearing skam zones. stone on the Dora claim. The average analysis of four samples of powdered limestone from a series of percos- Selected Bibliography sion drill holes in the lower member on the Dora claim Btitish Columbia Minimy of Energy, Mines and Pettvleum and two chip samples taken ia succession along 305 ReSOUIWS: metre~ of roadcut just east of the north end of Born Lake are given in Table 7. The Dora claim is estimated to Cominco Ltd. (1990): Exploration research lab, private contain 27 million tonnes of limestone in a 16.7 hedare XRF analysis report for International Marble and area on a steep hillside that rises 30” to 35” eastward to Stone Ltd. and Taywin Resources Ltd., 1 page, in 210 metres above the west side of the property (Gunning, Industrial Mineral File. 1981, p. 5). Hors, Z.D. (1986): New Developments in Industrial At the extreme south end of the band on the Leo Minerals, in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper D’Or mineral claim (MINFILE No. 9ZL 339), white to 1986-1, page 239. black limestone outcrops on the slope along the north- Jeffery W.G. (1960): Benson Lake, Miter of Miies eastern shore of Bonanza Lake 0 to 400 metres above its Report, pages 92-93 surface. Outcrops are uaifomdy cokmred to banded in shades ranging from very light grey to black and less J.M. Huber Corporation (1990): Calcium carbonate ccmmonly mottled grey and white. Grain size varies from division - laboratory data systems, private analytical report for Taywin Resources Ltd., 2 pages, in In- fine to coarse, with medium grained material dustrial Mineral We. predominating. Coarser material is usually light grey, while the fmer stone is commonly dark grey. The lime- McCammon, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits at the stoneisiatrudedbyafewdiscontimmusbasalticdikesand North End of Vancouver Idand; Minister of Mines sills 30 centimetres to several metres wide. Eleven Report, pages 315 315,318. samples of light grey weatherin& white to medium grey Limestone contained greater than 99 per cent calcite, 0.5 Bonanza Lake East per cent quartz plus other silicates and less thao 0.5 per (Doro, Bonanza, Leo d’Or) N-IS: 92L/O7W cent opaque minerals (Read, 1988, page 3). Chemical MINFILE Nos.: 92L 109, analyses for two grab samples are given in Table 7. A 100 92L 339 Latitude: 5024’52 by 160 metre area of very light grey to white massive Map No.: LO23 Longitude: 126”48’20” marble situated on a 30” slope 1 kilometre southeast of the northern tip of Bonanza Lake is estimated to contain A band of limestone up to 2.5 Mometres wide trends reserves of 660 000 tonnes (Broughton and Bruce, 1988, northward along the east side of Bonanza River and pages 7 and 8). Bonanza Lake for 8 kilometres. To the west the limestone The deposit on the Dora claim was fmt tested for its is in fault contact with basaltic flows of the Karmutsen dimension stone potential sometime before 1982. The Formation. An elongate stock of coarse-gained, biotite International Marble and Stone Company dried the quartz moonmite of the Island plutooicsuite intrudes the deposit in 1982 and drove a 65-metre adit in 1983. limestone from the southeast. On the Dora claim, 1 Development work was discontinued after encountering kilometre north of Bonanza Lake, the strata strike north grey limestone contaminated by dies. Bonanza Marble and dip 25” east. Farther north bedding strikes northwest Quarry Ltd. proposed opening a small quarry on the east and dipsmoderate1ysouthwest.A west-trendingfaultjust side of Bonanza Lake at its north end in 1989. The corn- north of the Dora claim separates the northern and pany planned to quarry 10 to I5 tonnes of white limestone southern segments of the deposit into two fault blocks that a day for the manufacture of tiles and other marble have rotated with respect to each other. products. The south end of the band was geolo@JIy

32 Geoio&al Swwy Bmnch mapped and sampled for its marble potential by HaviIah The lower part of the unit coasists of white and grey, Gold Mines Ltd. ia 1987 and White Marble Mountain fme-grained limestone. In the middle the deposit is Corporation in 1988. Some mapping and diamond driig darker in colour and dolomitic in some beds. The upper was carried out by Industrial Fiiers Ltd. over the rest of part comprises black limestone with scattered lenses of the deposit in 1988, to assess the potential for producing black chert 5 to 15 centimetres thick. Analytical results on white Iimestone. a composite sample of chips taken at 3-metre intervals across mixed layers of black and white limestone just west Selected Bibliography of the north end of Boaaaza Lake are given in Table 7. British Columbia Mini.sby of EnergK Mines andPetroleum Industrial Fillers Ltd. staked a part of the deposit in ReSOUrreS: 1989.

Broughtoa,S.E.andBruce,I.E.(1988):Sammaryoffield Selected Bibliography Work and PreIiminary Evaluation - Bonanza Lake British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines andPetroleum Marble Property; KIohn Leonoff Ltd., private Resoum?s: report for White Marble Mountain Corporation in Industrial MiieraI File. McCammon, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the C&ii D. and Soy C. (1988): Diamond Drilling Report North End of Vancouver Island; Miter of Mines on the Bonanza Property; Assessment Report Report, pages 315 318. 17760. DevIin, J. and Rychter, A. (1987): A Prospecting Report ‘lbulton Claims (Niipkish Lake) NTS: 92L/O7W on the Leo d’Or Mineral Claim; Assessment Report MINFILE No.: 92L 186 Latitude: 5OY5’10 16111. Map No.: LO25 Longitude: 12657’16” Dyer, G.G. (1989): Proposed Marble Quarry - Northeast Corner of Bonanza Lake; Hardy BBT Ltd., private A band of limestone up to 4.5 kikxnetres wide trends report for Bonanza Marble Quarry Ud. inIndustrial south-southeast from the north end of Niipkish Lake for Mineral File. 15 kilometres. This carbonate mass comprises the north- Gamdng, D. (1981): GeochemicaI and Diamond DriIIing ern half of the Niipkish Limestone belt. The band is Report cm the Dora Claim; Assessment Report bounded to the east by overlying black argiIIite and Iime- 10193. stone of the Parsons Bay Formation. To the west the it is Hors, Z.D. (1986): New Developments in Industrial conformably underlain by or faulted against basaltic flows Minerals; in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper of the Karmutsen Fonaatioa. A northwest-trending mass 1986-1, pages 239-240. of coarse-grained biotite quartz monzonite of the Island McCammoa, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the plutonic suite intrudes the limestone band at its south North End of Vancouver Island; Miter of Mines end. Report, pages 312,317,318. Mapping and diamond drilling along the east side of Read, P.B. (1988): Petrographic Analysis of Marbles, Leo Niipkish Lake, 7.5 to 12.5 k&m&es south of its north D’Or Marble Claims, Bonanza Lake, Vancouver end, show the limestone is comprised of an upper medium Island; Geotex Consultants Ud., private report for to dark grey member with off-white to light grey inter- White Marble Mountain Corporation in Industrial beds, and a lower white to light grey, generally fme- Mineral File. grained member containing some dark grey and cherty beds. The two members appear to be folded into a broad Bonanza Lake West N-I-S: 92L/O7w norlh-trendingsyncline.Priticchertlensesbecomecom- MlNFIL.E No.: 92L 280 Latitude: 5024’04” mm southwards toward the moazoaite intrusion and near the basalt contact. A few thin siIIs and dikes of Map No.: LO24 Longitude: 126”48’51” fme-grained diabase and siIicitied and pyritized andesite intrude the limestone. A band of limestone 24 Lilometres long extends Various exposuresof fme-graiaed, massive, black northward along the west side of Bonanza River and limestone occur along the Tsulton River, 4 kilometres Bonanza Lake to the Tsulton River, where it is truncated north of the area mapped in detail. Analytical results on by a northeast-trending fault. This band comprises the a sample composed of chips taken at 15-metre intervals southern two-thirds of the Bonanza limestone belt. The for 48 metres along a cat starting 180 m&es north of the formation strikes north-northwest and dips gently to the 6MiIe post of the Niipkisb VaIIey logging railway are in west. The limestone is 300 metres thick ia the vicinity of Table 7. Bonanza Lake. Industrial Fflers Ltd. staked a large portion of the limestone band in 1987. Mapping and diamond driig

Open File 1992-18 33 were conducted in 1983 to assess the deposit for its Haslam, H. (19Zb): Progress Report on the Limestone light-c&wed stone. Deposits at Holbcrg Inlet, Vancouver Island; As- sessment Report 5666. Selected Bibliography Haslam, H. (1976): Drilling Report on the Fox Property; British Columbia Minisby ofEnergy, Mines and Peboleum Assessment Report 6053. Resounes: Weymark, W. (1974): Drilling Assessment Report Fox 1-u) Mineral Claims, Holberg Inlet, Vancxwfer Is- Coffq D. and Soux, C. (1988): Diamond Drilling Report land; Assessment Report 4908. on the T&on Propem, Assessment Report 159. Weymark,W. (1978):DiamondDriUiagReportontheFox McCammon, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the Property; Assessment Report 6951. North End of Vancouver Island; Minister of Mines Wepark, W. (1980): Drilling Report on the Fox and Joy Report, pages 3X&317-318. Claims; Assessment Report 8073.

Fox Claims (Holberg Inlet) N-IS: 92L/12W Beaver Cove (‘EmIton River) NT% 92L/lOW MINFILE No.: 92L 267 Latitude: 50”37’13’ MINFILE No.: 92L 279 Latitude: 5091’00 Map No.: LO26 Longitude: 127=‘56’03’ Map No.: LO27 Longitude: 126’53’30

This deposit is situated 6 kilometres east of the bead A band of limestone extends southward along the of Holberg Inlet on its south shore, 34 kilometres southeast side of a bill just west of Beaver Cove for 2500 m&es west of Port Hardy, at the north end of the Quatsino- to the T&ton River. This deposit lies near the north end Tlupana belt. of the Bonanza limestone belt. The band is bounded to Three Massey of limestone are exposed in a rectan- the west by an elongate, north-trending diorite stock. gular fault- block 2 kilometres wide that extends Underlying basalts of the Kannutseo Formation outcrop southeastward from the shore of Holberg Inlet for 2.5 to the east. The strata strike northwest and dip steeply kilometres. The western-most deposit outcrops over an southwest. The limestone unit varies from 120 to L50 area of 1.8 by 13 kilometres. The limestone is underlain mares thick. by chloritic, amygdaloidal basalt of the Karmutsen For- Near its north end the band is comprised mostly of mation. Variably amygdaloidal Lower Jurassic Bonanza fme-grained, white to black streaked limestone that bc- Group (?) volcanics outcrop around the east, west and comes ccarse grained near the diorite contact where south sides of the deposit. It is comprised of fine-grained, some pyrrhotite-garnet-epidote skam is developed. The white to dark grey limestone, commonly cut by calcite limestone contains some chert and a few narrow dikes. To veinlets. Minor sulphides are present. The limestone is the south, exposures in the Tsulton River are creamy intercalated with tuff, basalt and vesicular andesite in a white, sugary limestone interbedded with a few bands of few places. in analysis of a composite grab sample is fme-grained, bluish grey limestone. Occasional small given in Table 7. Reserves in the western deposit are nodules of chert and a few thin dikes are present here estimated at 236 million tonnes of clean limestone over also. Analytical results on a chip sample taken across 67 190 hectares, with a minimum thickness of 46 metres metres of white sugary t&wed limestone on the north (Ha&m, 1975b, p. 16). end of the band and a sample of white limestone from the World Cement Industries Inc. completed 1529 south end are given in Table 7. m&es of diamond drilling, together with some mapping It is reported that some marble was quarried from and sampling, between 1971 and 1980, to assessthe lime- the south end of this deposit around 1884, on the Palton stone as potential feedstock for a cement plant that it River 2.8 kilometres southwest of Beaver Cove. proposed to build at Naaaimo. The company projected annual production of ‘Xii C00 tonnes of cement for the Selected Bibliography export market. Btitish Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Selected Bibliography Resources: Bridsh Columbia Minishy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Anonymous: Report on Limestone Deposits of the Pacific Resounes: Northwest; undated, unpublished report in In- dustrial Mineral Fide, page 2. Haslam, H. (1975a): Geological Report on the Fox McCammon, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the Property; Assessment Report 5X3. North End of Vancouver Island; Miter of Miics Report, pages 316,318.

34 Geol@al Sumy Branch Canada Depmtment of Mines and Resources: SelectedBibliography British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Pemleum Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Part 5, page136. Rf%XUCeS: Parks, W.A. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- Aaonpous: Reporton Limestone Deposits of the Pacific namentalStones of Canada;Report 452,Volume 5, Northwest; undated, unpublished report in In- pages171-172. dustrialMineral FiIe, pages4-5. Coffq D. andSow, C. (1988):Geological Report on the Port McNeiII (Eric Claim) NTS: 92L/llE Eric Property;Assessment Report 17761. MINFILE No.: 92L 282 Latitude: 5033’25 Gaaning,D. (1980):Diamond Drilling Reportoa the Ima Map No.: LO28 Longitude: 127”03’40 Property AssessmentReport 8082 Guaaing,D. (1981):Gecchemical and Diamond DrUing This occurrence outcrops about 4 kilometres Report on the Dora Ckim, AssessmentReport southeast of Port McNeil1 on a northward-flowing 10193. tributaryof Hyde Creek.A massof limestone is exposed McCammon, J.W. (1968):Limestone Deposits of the as a west-trending lens shaped ridge at least 1.6 North End of VancouverIsland; Minister of Mines kilometreslong and8tXl metres wide on both sidesof the Report,pages 312,316,318. creek.To the eastthe limestone rests on underlyingamyg- daIoidaland porphyriticbasaltic Iavas of the Karmutsen Formation.To the southit is in fault contactwith these Zeballos volcanic-s.Bedding ia westernoutcrops strikes 051” to (Central Zeballos Mine) N-l-s: 92L/O2W 055”anddips470to600northwest.Drillingin1980showedMINFILE No.: 92L 214 Latitude: 50”02’30” the limestoneis at least60 me&es thick. Map No.: DO01 Longitude: 126’47’10” The deposit consistsmostly of w&jointed, fme- grained,light grey to white bandedLimestone with oc- Limestone and dolomite are exposedin the 900 casionaldark patchesand bands.The darkermaterial is crosscutof theCentral Zeballos mine, 7 kilometresnorth- morecommon in the easternpart of the deposit.Exposed east of the communityof ZebaIIos,110 liilometres due surfacesdisplay siIicious fossil (?) remainsweathering out westof the town of CampbellRiver. of the limestone.The limestoneis pyritic in a few iastaa- The 900crosscut was driven near the west end of a ws. In thin sectionthe rock displayssparsely scattered massof medium to coarse-grained,recrystaIIized Iime- quartz grainsia fme-grainedcalcite. Quarry exposures stonethat extendswestward from the NomashRiver for just west of the creekshow the limestoneis intrudedby 2000metres along the northernmargin of a granodioritc severalandesitic dikes 0.3 to 1.5me&es wide aada mass stock.The depositlies within the Qaatsino-TIapanalime- of serpentinite23 metresin diameter.Analytical results stonebelt, near its southernend. The crosscutexposes on a samplecomprised of chips taken at 3C-centimetre greycalcium limestone intermingled with white dolomite intervals across18 m&es of quarry face aad a grab andmagnesiaa limestone along its 314metrelength. Most sampleof randomlycollected chips from the quarryfloor of the white carbonateis coatimedto a zone.behveen 45 arein Table7. A 6-hectareblock encompassingthe quarry and 120 metres from the portal. Microscopic studies wasestimated to contain5.4 million tonnesof limestone indicate that it is comprisedmostly of dolomite with a to a depthof 18metres b&w the quarryfloor (Guaning, little interstitial calcite. The dolomite and magnesiaa 1981,p. 6). limestoneoccur as white streaks,commonIy ranging from The deposit was quarried by Lamac Construction a few centimetresto 10 metres thick, with one streak Ltd. during 1967and 1968to produceriprap for a break- attaining a thicknessof 21 metres. These streaks are water at Port McNeill. The rock broke into piecestoo probablythe result of metasomaticactivity associated smaUfor this use,because of the extensivejointing bring with the emplacementof nearbyintrusions. Five angled ing the operation to an eventual halt. International driUholes varying from 12.2to 38.7m&es in lengthnear Marble aad StoneCompany carried out 499 metresof the portal of the 900 crosscutintersected medium to diamond drilling and somegeological mapping in 1980 fme-grained,grey to white dolomitecontaining scattered and 1981.The companywas unsuccessfulin outlining &I&tic inclasiom,comprising from lessthan 5 per cent reservesof filler-gradelimestone. Industrial Fiiers Ltd. up to3Opercentoftherock, andminorpyriteasseattered stakedthe depositin 1987and geologicallymapped its blebsand fmegrains. The dolomitesometimes has a slight northeasternextension in 1988. bluishcast.Afewnarrow,chloritizedandesiticdikeswere alsointersected.

Open File 1992-18 3s ~~aIysi.sof samplestaken in the crosscutand various to OW. A gramdiorite stock3.5 kilometres wide intrudes grab samplescollected by Impact ResourcesInc. are the limestonea kihmetre southeastof the quarrysite. givenin Table7. The deposit is comprised of medium to coarse- The depositwas sampled in 1981and 1982by Impad grained, white to light grcy limestone (marble), oc- ResourcesInc. The companycarried out US.4 metresof casionally containing some dolomitic bands. At the drilling in five holesio 1982.Dolomite reservesare es- quarrysite it is intrudedby basalticdikes that comprise timatedat severalmiIlion tonnes(Kent, 1989). up to 55per centof the rock volume.The averageanalysis of two samplesof limestonefrom the quarryreported by SelectedBibliography Parks(1917) is givenin Table7. British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Peboleum RC?XOWCL?S: SelectedBibliography British Columbia Minisay of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Kent, RF. (1989):letter with assaysby Calcium Car- Resou?ces: bonate Company(1981) and EconotechServices Ltd. (19811982);in IndustrialMineral Pile. Brewer,WM. (1916):Marble on VancouverIsland; Min- Stevenson,J.S. (1950): Geology and Mineral Depositsof ister of h4iies Report,pages 359-360. the ZebaIlosMiig Camp;Bulletin 27,pages 1618, Carmichael,H. (1906):Nootka Sound Marble Quarry: 47-48. Miter of Mines Report,pages 184-185. TulIy,D.W. (1990):letter with diamond-drillcore logs; in Rayson,H.C. (1908):Nootka Marble Quarry:Miter of IndustrialMineral Fde. Mines Report,page 144. White, G.V.(1987): Diiension StoneQuarries in British Columbia; in Geological Fieldwork 1986,Paper Hankin Point 1987-l.pages 329-332. (Qoatsino Sound) NT% 92L/12E White, G.V. and Hors, Z.D. (1988):British Columbii MINFILE No.: 92L 285 Latitude: 50”35’08” Dimension Stone; Information Circular 1988-6, Map No.: LO29 Longitude: 127”33’06” page23.

A band of limestone 300 metres wide extends Canada Dqwbnent of Mines and Resources: westwardfrom Rupert Inlet to H&erg Inlet for 2.5 kilometres,just north of Hankin Point, 16 kilometres Goudge,M.E (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, south-southwestof Port Hardy. The limestone dips northward.It is comprisedof light to dark greylimestone Part 5, pageslxx-140. with numemusirregular masses and leases of chert,espe- Parks, WA. (1917):Report on the Building and Or- cially alongthe northernmargin. A few dikesintrude the namentalstones of Canada;Report 452,Volume 5, limestone.Analyses of two chip samplestaken at the east pages163-171. andwest ends of the bandare givenin Table7. SelectedBibliography Kains Lake N-I-3 92Lf l2E MINFlLE No.: 92L 287 Latitude: 50’41’59 Bndsh Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines andPetroleum Map No.: LO31 Longitude: 127”39’56 Resoum?s: A bandof limestone2.50 to 350m&es wide stretches McCammon, J.W. (1968):Limestone Deposits of the for 5 kilometres east-southeast from Kains Lake, ap- North End of VancouverIsland; Miter of Mines proximately11 kilometreswest of Port Hardy. The unit Report,pages 312-313,318. appearsto be dipping to the southwest.The average adysis of four grab samplesis givenin Table7. Nootka Marble (Hisnet Inlet) NTS: 92E/lOE, 15E SelectedBibliography MINFILE No.: 92E 020 Latitude: 49’45’00 Bnlish Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Petroleum Map No.: LO30 Longitude: 12670’30” Resourct?s: A depositor recrystallizedlimestone at the headof McCammon, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the Hiinet Inlet, a northwestwardextension of TIupanaInlet, North End of VancouverIsland; Miter of Mines wasquarried for marbleby NootkaQuarries Ltd. in 1908 Report,pages 3y 318. and1909. This occurrenceis situatedat the southeastend of the Quatsino-TIupanalimestone belt where the time- stoneis more than300 m&es thick. Beddingstrikes 060”

36 C&b&t SurveyBmncJ~ CENTRAL AND SOUTRERN VANCOUVER WAND Dolomite occurs as irregular brownish patches and as Spencer Creek N-l-3 92C/lSW bands up to 30 centimetres thick. MINFILE No.: 92C 084 Latitude: 48’57’58’ Small irregular lenses of black cbert are present in Map No.: LO32 Longitude: 124”51’10” the limestone to the south. Sampling results are sam- marized in Table 8. This deposit is located oo Spencer Creek, 15 to 5 This deposit was explored by Gilbert Mines Canada kilometres southeast of AIbeti Inlet, 33 kiIometres sooth Ltd. in 1969. Eleven holes were driIIed for a total depth of Port Alberni. A fault-bounded limestone mass, averag- of 900.4 metres and 408 grab samples (399 limestone ing 600 metres in width, trends northwest for 3.5 samples and 9 chert samples) were taken along a grid for kiIometres. Eleven holes dried to depths of up to 102 rock geochemistry. metres near the north end ofthe deposit cored continuous Selected Bibliography limestone. In the central part of the mass the limestone strikes 105” and dips 25” northeast. ‘IXvo small fault- British Columbia Minisby of Enemy, Mines and Pebwkum bounded blocks of volcanic ro& lie within the deposit to &!.WurCeS: the southeast. The limestone is cut by a few discontinuous and&tic dikes varyiog from 1.2 to I2 metres thick. Most Ashgrove Cement Company (1970): Assays of strike northwest and dip vertically, &bough a few of tbe Petrogeochemical Samples and Diamond-drill narrower ones strike northeast. Core; io Industrial Mineral File. The deposit consists of fme-grained, dark grey lime- Gilbert Mines Canada Ltd. (1969): Maps of stone containing numerous white calcite veinlets. Petrogeochemical Grid and DriB Hole Locations; in Industrial Mineral Fde.

Open Fik 1992-18 37 McCammon, J.W. (1968): Spencer Creek Limestone, McCammoo, J.W. (1962): Limestone in the Kennedy Minister of Mines Report, pages 318-320. Lake Area; Minister of Miies Report, pages l51- 153. Geological Survey of Canada. Bamberton (Elford) N-l-3 92B/12E Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. aad MINFILE No.: 92B 005 Latitude: 4875’12 Dam, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Vaa- Map No.: LO34 Longitude: 12331’25” couvcr Island, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File l272, Sheet8. The Bamberton quarry is located on the west shore of Saanich Inlet, 23 kilometres northwest of Victoria. Kennedy Lake - East Side NTS: 92F/O3W, 04E Limestone was quarried here for lime and cement MINFILE No.: 92F 190 Latitude: 49”03’46” manufacturiag up to 1957. Map No.: LO33 Longitude: 125”28’53 The Barn&ton deposit is comprised of several major limestone leases within the Cordova-Shawaigan This occurrence, 54 kilometres southwest of Port belt. The main lens extends 700 metres northwest from Albemi, is comprised of an irregular belt of calcareous the shore of Saanich inlet aad is up to 150 me&s thick. rocks extending northeastwards from the south slope of Bedding strikes 12@ and dips Mp northwest to vertical. Salmonberry Mountain along the southeast shore of Ken- The leas is intercalated with tabular greenstone bodies of nedy Lake for 9 kilometres. These sediments consist of a similar orientation that vary from less than a metre to 15 lower limestone member at least 600 metres thick, over- metres thick. These are basaltic in composition and are lain by 240 metres of calcareoos taff which is ia turn probably flows. Faults arc commonly exposed in the quar- overlain by 110 metres of limestone. Dips vary from 40” ries, generally treading northwest and dipping steeply to 60” southeast ia the northeast and gradually flatten out northcas. along the belt to the southwest. The southwestern third of The limestone of the main lens is generally dark the belt is folded into a northeastward-trending syncline bluish grey and fme-graiaed. Several thin sections reveal that preserves the calcareous toff and upper limestone small irregular quartz grains, dctrital calcite fragments member aad an overlyiag sequence of Bonanza Group aad spherical radiotia and foraminifera ia a very fme toffs, breccias and flows. The syncline is terminated to the limy mud cement containing rare patches of car- southwest by a fault and partially truncated to the north- bonaceous matter. east by a pluton of granodiorite aad quartz monzonite of The lens generally coosists of calcium to high-Cal- the JurassicIsland plutonicsuite.This intrusion&&s the cium limestone. Bands and irregular masses of magnesiaa limestone along the northeastern two-thirds of the belt. limestone of similar appearance to the high-calcium lime- The limestone is also intruded by a few dies, sills and stone are exposed to the northeast. One band of mag- small stocks of fme-grained “aadesite.” nesian limestone 6 m&es thick contains 17 to 40 per cent The upper and lower limestone members are corn- MgO (Goudge, 1944, p. 132). Sample results reported by posed of dark grey to white, commonly medium grey, Mathews (1947) arc in Table 8. medium to coarse-gained limestone that is extensively Diamond drilling in a deeply drift covered area recrystallized. Some zones of mottled dolomite are northwest of the main lens ia 1950 discovered a second present. Plates and nodules of brucite arc disseminated northwest-trending, steeply dipping lens of limestone 300 in dolomite bands within the upper limestone member metres long and at least 30 metrcs wide. The leas is cat by where it is cot by the granitic intrusion on the north slope irregular masses of the surrounding greenstone. of Sahnonberry Mountain. Yellow a&e&e (?) grains Limestone was ftist quarried at Bamberton by Elford occur ia a few places and sporadic pyrite is also evident. & Company between 1907 and 1911 for lime maoafactur- Rounded grains of quartz are occasionally visible in thin ing. The Associated Cement Company acquired the section. Analytical results reported by McCammon property and built a cement plant adjacent to the deposit (1962) are in Table 8. in 1912. The plant aad quarries were shot down in 1916, but were reopened in 1921 by British Colambii Cement SelectedBibliography Company Limited, aa amalgamation of Associated Ce- British Columbia Ministry ofEnergy, Mines and Petroleum ment Company (Canada) Ltd. and Vancouver Portland Resources: Cement Company. The quarries were then operated con- tinuously to 1957, aad the cement plant remained in Eastwood, G.E.P. (1968): Geology of the Kennedy Lake production up to 1980. A total of 3.7 million tonnes of Area; Bulletin 55, pages 19-21. limestone was quarried between 19l3 and 1957 from two quarries in the main lens, the upper main aad lower main quarries and a single quarry in the second leas to the northwest.A.R.M. IndustriesLtd. quarried21000 tonnes Harris Creek NTS: 92C/O9E of limestonein 1988for us as riprap. MINFILE No.: 92C 085 Latitude: 48”41’23 SelectedBibliography Map No.: LO36 Longitude: 124”14’00” British Columbia Minisby of EnergK Mbzes andPetmleum This depositis locatedapproximately 17 kiIometres ReSOwceS: southvest of the community of Lake Cowichanin the headwatersof Harris and Lens creeks.A limestonebed Brewer,WM. (1926):Non-metaIIics, Cement, Building is brokenup into tive major massesby a seriesof west- Stone,Sand and Gravel; Miter of Mines Report, northwest-trendingfaults that are cut by severalnorth- pages334-337. trendingstrike-slip faults. The individualmasses vary up King, R.B. and Fyles,J.T. (1950):British ColumbiaCe- to 3 Uometres in length and 1 kiIometrein width. The ment CompanyLimited; Miter of Mines Report, limestonein individualfault blocksgeneralIy strikes west- pages224-225. northwestand dips 20”to 80” north Mathews,W.H. (1947):Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- The I&stones are fme grainedand dark grey to gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23,pages 20,92-%. black,weathering to a mediumto light greycolour. They Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon,J.W. (1957): CaIcareous aregenerally high-calcium in composition,although a few Deposits of SouthwesternBritish C&ⅈ BuI- magnesian limestone beds are present. Siliceous letin 40,pages 84-88. protrusionsare sometimespresent on weatheredsur- faces.Analyses reported by McCammon (1966) are given Eflinglmm Inlet NT3 92F/03E in Table8. h,UNFILE No.: 92F 414 Latitude: 49”02’38” SelectedBibliography Map No.: Lo35 Longitude: 125’10’57 British Columbia Mb&y of Energy Mines and Peboleum A bandof limestoneextends 5 kilometreseast-north- Resources: eastfrom the eastend of Pip&em Inlet to the westshore of Effiigham Inlet, 35 kilometressouthwest of Port Al- McCammott,J.W. (1966):Limestone, Cowicban Lake - hemi. It widensfrom500 metres at PipestemInlet to 2000 Port Reofrew Area; Minister of Mines Report, metrosat EffmghamInlet. pages269-270. At Fipestem Inlet the band is comprisedof tine- grained,blue limestone,while at EfIiigham Inlet to the Gordon River h’TS: 92C/l6W east it consistsof white crystalline limestone cut by MINFIJX No.: 92C 086 Latitude: 48“45’51” numerousdikes. In thin sectionthe limestoneat Effm- Map No.: Lo37 Longitude: 12420’31” ghamInlet displaysbands of reddishbrown ferruginous mud and unidentified fossil structures cementedby This occurrenceis locatedjust southof the Gordon recrystallizedcalcite and tine Iimy mud. The average River, an active loggingcamp in the headwatersof the analysisof a seriesof 26 samplestaken across the entire GordonRiver, 25 kiIometres southwest of the community depositis given in Table8. The limestoneat Effiigham of Lake Cowichan. A mass of limestone 1 to 1.5 Inlet wasquarried for marbleup to 1902. kilometres wide extends2 Lilometres west-northwest from the GordonRiver. Underlying Kammtsen volcanics SelectedBibliography outcropalong the southernmargin of the deposit.To the British Columbia Minimy of Energy Mines and Pebuleum northit is in fault contactwith theserocks and with Lower RtTowces: JurassicBonanza Group volcanics.Bedding in the lime- stonedips 25”to 45” north. Anonym~ous:Report on LimestoneDeposits of thePa&c The Iimestoneis fme grained,dark grey to black on Northwest; undated, unpublishedreport in In- freshsurfaces, weathering to mediumto light grey.With dustrial Mineral File, pages2-4. the exceptionof a few magwsianbeds, the rock is high- Carmichael,H. (1911):Limestone Deposits of the Coast; calcium in composition. Analyses reported by Mc- Miter of Mines Report,page 208. Gammon(1966) are givenin Table8. SelectedBibliography CanadaDepartment of Mines and Resources: British Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines and Petroleum Goudge,M.P. (1944): Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Resounxs: Part 5, page141.

Open File 1992-18 39 M.&mmon, J.W. (1966): Limestone, Cowichaa Lake - kilometres west-southwest of Port Albemi. The limestone Port Renfrew Area; Minister of Mines Report, is underlain by fme-grained argillite or tuffwith a cootad pages 269-270. that dips gently northeast. The limestone is intruded on Massey, N.W.D., Friday, S.T., Tercier, F!E. and Rublee, the east side by small matic stock. Analytical results VJ. (1987): Geology of the Ccwichan Lake Area reported by McCammon (1962) are given in Table8. @C/16); Open File 1987-2, Sheets 1,7,8. Selected Bibllogmphy GeolqimlSurveyofCanada. Btidsh ColumbiaMinisby of Enem Minesand P&&urn RfXffllceS: Sutherland Brown, A. Yoratb, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and Dam, K (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- Eashvocd, G.E.P. (1968): Geology of the Kennedy Lake couver Island, LJTHOPROBE 1; Open File I272, Area; Bulletin 55, page 21. Shed 10. McCammon, J.W. (1962): Limestone in the Kennedy Lake Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages I51- Nixon Creek N-I-S: 92C/I6W 153. MINFILE No.: 92C 087 Latitude: 48”50’17 Map No.: LO38 Longitude: 12428’38 ‘Ibd Inlet (Quarry Lake, But&art’s Gardens) N-I-S: 92BfllW This ocmrrence is situated along the west side of MINFILE No.: 92B 006 Latitude: 4833’58 Niin Cm& 30 kilometres west of the community of Map No.: LO40 Longitude:123% 19” Lake Cotichaa. The deposit is comprised of two limestone units striking northeast for 2.S kilometres and dip- TheTodInletdeposit,nowquarriedou~waslocated, ping 5” to 40’ northwest. The two limestones are just south of Brentwood Bay on the east shore of Satich separated by a mafic flow or sill and the sequence is Inlet, 18 kilometres northwest of Vitioria. Limestone was segmented by several west-northwest-trending faults. produced from three quarries for cement manufacturing Both units are line-grained, dark grey to black, high- up to 1921. calcium limestone. The analysis of a sample of the upper The deposit, part of the Cordova-Shawnigan car- limestone, reported by McCammon (1966) is given in bonate belt consisted of a series of limestone bodies up Table 8. to 75 metres wide and I50 metres long arranged in an en echelon pattern within swounding ‘lliassic greenstones Selected Ilibliograpby (Karmutsen Formation ?). These bodies probably repre- British ColumbiaMinimy of Enew, MinesandPeb&um sent a single northwest-trending limestone bed repeated- RtXXIrceS: ly offset by a series of oblique faults. The limestow. strikes lW and dips between 30” southwest and vertical. McCanunon, J.W. (1966): Limestone, Cow&an Lake - These deposits generally consist of tine-grained, Port Reofrew Area; Minister of Mines Report, black to dark bluishgreyto white, high-calcium limestone pages 269-270. intruded by matic dikes. Small masses of magnesiaa lime- Massey, N.W.D., Friday, XT., Tercier, P.E. and Rublee, stone were reported in the Nos. 2 sod 3 quarries. A VJ. (1987): Geology of the Cowichan Lake Area well-developed joint pattern strikes northwest parallel to @C/16); Open File 1987-2, Sheets 1 and 7. the formation and dips 70” southwest. The limestone in the No. 3 quarry is extensively fractured and veined with Geologicor Survey of Cana&: white calcite. Analyses reported by Clapp (1912) and Goudge (1944) are given in Table 8. Sutherland Brovm, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and The limestone deposits at Tod Inlet were initially Dom, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- couver Island, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File 1272, exploited for lime manufacturing before 1904. In 1904 the Sheet 10. Vancouver Portland Cement Company acquired the property and built a cement plant on the east shore of Tbd Inlet. The plant ,was eventually shut down in June 1921 Kennedy Lake - West Side NT3 92F/04E after Vancouver Portland Cement amalgamated with As- MINFILE No.: 92F 191 Latitude: 49”03’17 sociated Cement to form B.C. Cement Co. Ltd., resulting Map No.: LO39 Longitude:12S36’24” in the transfer ofoperations toBamberton. Approximate- ly 915 ODOtonnes of limestone were produced from three A mass of medium-grained, dark grey limestone, quarries behveen 1905 and 1921. The Nos. 1 and 2 quar- outcropping over a 950 by 630 m&e area, forms a low ries, located next to the plant oo Tod Inlet, were largely isolated hill, 1.7 kilometres west of Kennedy Lake, 60 exhausted. They are now the site of the Butchart’s Gar- dens, a major tourist attraction in the Victoria area. The Selected Bibliography No. 3 quarry (Quarry Lake), 1.1 kilometres east of the Bniish Columbia Minisqof Enqy, Mines and Petroleum plaot was eventoaUy shut dorm because of the increasing RC.WUlVXS: depth of overburden encountered during quarrying and is now flooded. McCammon, J.W., (1968): unpublished, untitled report in The extension of these deposits on the west shore of Industrial Mineral FiIe. Tod Inlet remains undeveloped. It is a high-calcium limestone bed 6 to 30 metres thick traceable for at least 45 me&s along strike. Selected Bibliography Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and Dora, K. (1986): Geological Maps of SouthernVan- Btitish Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petmleum cower I&ml, LITHOPROBE 1; Open FiIe 1272, R.?.WUlCCS: Sheet 7. Mathew, W.H. (1945): Limestone Lens - West Side of Tod Inlet; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral QUADRAISLAND File. Open Bay N-I-S: 92K/03E Mathews, W.H. (1947): CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- MINFIIE No.: 92K 005 Latitude: 50’08’25 gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pagea 20,92,%. Map No.: LO42 Longitude: 125”12’27” Mathews, W.H. andMcC!ammoa, J.W. (1957): C&U~OUS Deposits of Southwestern British Columbii; Bal- A belt of limestone and interbedded pillowed and letin 40, pages 85.88. amygdaIoidaI flows up to 1.2 kilometres wide extends 16 Robertson, W.F. (1904): Manufacture of Portland Ce- Lilometres northwestward from Open Bay to Granite Bay ment; Miter of Mines Report, pages 256-260. on Quadra Island. It is bounded to the west by Karmutsen volcanics and intruded by granite of the Coast platonic Geologkalswvcy of Canada. complex to the east. The Limestone dips moderately to steeply northwest, but is intensely folded aear the contact CIapp, C.H. (1912): Southern Vancouver Island; Memoir with the granite. Individual limestone beds vary from 30 l3, page 62. to L50 metres thick. The limestone is generaUy fme grained and dark Canada Depatment of Mines and Resources: bluish grey to black in colow. It commonly contains fme argillaceous lamiiae and a few siliceous streaks. Sii Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, samples comprised of chips taken at 3-metre intervals for Part 5, pages l35.142. lengths of up to 30 m&es across the strike of the western- Parks, W.A. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- most limestone bed returned the following range of namental Stones of Canada; Report 452, Volume 5, analyses (ii per cent) (Mathews and McCammon, 1957, pages l56-157,186. p. 84): CaO, 46.18 - 51.69; MgO, 0.06 - 064; insolubles, 5.08 - l5.n; RzO& 050 - 2.25, FezOx, 0.05 - 1.04; MnO, Sproat Lake N-IS: 92F/02W 0.006 - 0.m; P205, 0.078 - 0.119; sulphur, 0.U - 0.62; i&ion loss, 37.00 - 43.27. The analysis of a sample of MINFILE No.: 92F 412 Latitude: 49’13’04” intensely folded limestone to the east also reported by Map No.: LO41 Longitude: 12458’11” Mathews and McCammon (1957) is given io Table 8. A few test pits were excavated on the shore of Open A bed of limestone, at least 60 metres thick, extends Bay near an old lime kiln sometime before 1946. Not more 6.5 kilometres southeastward from the south shore of tie than a few teas of tonnes of limestone were quarried. Rivers Arm of Sproat Lake, 11 Lilometres west of Port Albed The bed outcrops as two irregular northwest- Selected Bibliography trending bands up to 3 kilometres apart on the limbs of a British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines andPetmkum northwest-trending syncline. The southwest limb is segmented by several parallel northwest-trending faults. Resources: The bed is composed of fme-grained, dark grey limestone that weathers light grey. The limestone contains Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- thin calcite veinlets, scattered smaU siIiceoos patches and gia Strait Area; BuIIetio 23, pages 88-91. lenses and nodules of black chert. It is intruded by a few narrow matic dikes.

Open File 1992-18 41 Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareoos Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; BuI- letin 40, pages 82-84. M&r, J.E. (lW9): Alberei, British Columbia; Map 17- 1968. Canada Department of Mines and Resourctx Mukr, J.E. (1977): Geology of Vancouver Island; Open FiIe 463. Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, MuIler, J.E. (1982): Geology of Nitinat Lake Map Area, Part 5, pages 161,175. British Columbia; Open File 821. MdIer, J.E. (1985): Geology, Victoria, British Colombia; Map l553A. PARSONS BAY FORMATION MulIer, J.E., Cameron, B.E.B. and Northcote, ICE. Various limestone outcrops on Vancouver and (1981): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Noot- Harbledowo Islands have been mapped as Parsons Bay ka Sound Map Area, Vancouver Islami, British Formation. It is comprised of carbonate and elastic sedi- Columbia; Paper 80-16, pages 12-14 and accom- ments of Upper Triassic age that conformably overly the panying Map L537A, No&a Sound, British Cobtm- Quatsino Formation. In a few instances the unit rests bia. directly on basaltic and andesitic flows of the Upper MulIer, J.E. and Carson, D.J.T. (1969): Geology and Triassic Karmutsen Formation. V&a&s and sediments Mineral Deposits of the AIberni Map Area, Van- of the Lower Jurassic Bonanza Group unconformably wuver Island and Gulf Islands; Paper 68-50, pages overlie the Parsons Bay Formation. 15-16. The Parsons Bay Formation is distributed in a similar MoUer, J.E., Northcote, KE. and Carlisle, D. (1974): manner as the Quatsino Formation. On northern Van- Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Alert Bay - couver Island it outcrops adjacent to the three major belts Cape Scott Map Area, Vancouver I&ml, British of Quatsino limestone. Throughout the rest of the island Columbia; Paper 74-8, pages 15-19 and accompany- it occurs sporadicalIy as isolated fault- bounded blocks ing Map 4-1974. commonly associated with the Quatsino Formation. Tbe Muller, J.E. and Roddick, JA. (1983): Geology of Alert Parsons Bay Formation outcrops on the east and west Bay - Cape Scott, B.C.; Map l552A. ends of Htibledowo Island. Thicknesses vary from 610 Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and metres in the Alice Lake area on northern Vancouver Dom, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- Island to 35 metres in the Cowichao Lake area on couver Island, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File 1272, southern Vancouver Island. 10 sheets. The Parsons Bay Formation consists of thinly bedded, black argillite, calcareous siltstone and sandstone, and black to medium grey limestone. One Harbledown Island N-m: 92L/lOE distinct limestone member, the Sutton Iimestone, can be MINFILE No.: 92L 152 Latitude: 5033’55 distinguished at ornear the top oftheformation.Thisunit Map No.: LO43 Longitude: 126”30’54” is comprised of massive, sandy and biohemml (coral) Limestone of latest Triassic age. In general, the Parsons A band of limestone extends for at least 1.6 Bay limestones are silty and qiIlaceoos with abundant kilometres westward from the southeast shore of carbonaceous matter however purer limestones of Harbledown Island. On the north side the band is overlain limited thicknesses are occasionally present. and partially interbedded with argiUite and minor vol- car&x. To the south it is underlain and partially inter- Selected Bibliography bedded with basaltic flows of the Karmutsen Formation. Btitish Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petrolam BeddingstrikesOM” to090”anddipsXP to90”northwest. Resources: The limestone bed averages 215 metres in thickness. Dikes varying from 30 to 60 centimetres wide commonly Massey, N.W.D. and Friday, SJ. (1987): Geology of the intrude the limestone. Cowichan Lake Area, Vancouver Island @C/16); The deposit is comprised of friable, medium-grained, in Geological Fieldwork 1986, Paper 1987-1, pages sugary textured, dark bluish grey limestone with a 223229. streaked appearance. Occasional narrow bands, vein&. Massey, N.W.D., Friday, S.T., Tercier, PE. and Rublee, and lenses of white calcite are present. Scattered pyrite V-J. (1987): Geology of the Cotichan Lake Area grains are also evident. The average analysis of three chip (92U16); Open File 1987-2,9 sheets. samples taken perpendicular to the strike of the band is given in Table 9.

42 Gcolqicat Sumy Branch TABLE 9 ANALYSES OF PARSONS BAY LIMESTONE

Granby Mining Corporation diamond drilled 17 KUNGAGROUP holes in 1958 aHer some initial work by R.H. Chestnut as The Ktmga Group contains the only significant Iime- early as 1954. stone resources on the Queen Charlotte Islands. The Selected Bibliography group is named after the thick se&as of Upper ‘IXassic to Lower Jurassic calcareous sediments exposed on Btitish Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines andPetroleum Kuaga Island off the east coast of Moresby Island. It is RtSOlUC~: composed of a lower, massive grey limestone (Sadler Chestnut, R.H. (1954): unpublished report in Industrial Formation), a middle, thinly bedded black Limestone Mineral File. (Peril Formation) and an upper, calcareousblack a@ite McCammoa, J.W. (1954): Harble-ite Limestone Deposit; (Saudilands Formation). The lower two units correlate Miter of Mines Report, pages 183-184. with the Quatsino and Parsons Bay formations on Van- McCammoa, J.W. (1954): unpublished map in Industrial couver Island and Texada Island. The group rests c&or- Iuiieral File. mably cm a platform of Upper Triassic basaltic volcanica of the Karmutsen Formation. Lower Jurassic shalt and Canada Depment of Mines and Resounes: sandstone of the Maude Formation u.suaIIy overly the group. Of the two limestone members the Sadler Forma- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report Sll, tion has the most potential for containing deposits Part 5, pages 165-166.175. suitable for most industrial applications. Parks, WA. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- The Sadler Formation varies from less than 30 metres namental stones of Canada; Report 452, vohmle 5, to at least 180 metres thick. It is generalIy exposed in pages 155-l%. northwesterly trending belts of limited extent, mostly on Moresby Island and the surrounding smaller isIam%. The Chewe River N-I-S 92L/llE thicker sections are exposed at the Tasu mine on the west MINFILE No.: 92L 283 Latitude: 50‘33’02 coast of Moresby Island, on GiIIatt Arm on the east coast Map No.: LO44 Longitude: 12708’45” of the island, on Kuaga, Bumaby and Copper IsLamis east of Moresby Island and on SamliIaads Island in Skidegate Inlet. Fiie 8 shows the distribution of the Sadler For- Several exposures of fme-grained, dark grey to black limestone occur along the Benson Lake Road, 4.5 mation on the southern Queen Charlotte Islands. The formation is composed of uniform grey, massive kilometres southwest of Port McNeiIl. The deposit lies on the east end of a fault-bounded block of Parsons Bay to thickly bedded limestone that is rarely siIiceous or Formation 4.5 kilometres long and 15 liilometres wide. A dolomitic.Thelimestoneislocallyintercalatedwithmafic flows and sills, and is occasionally cut by dikes. The unit quarry developed in one of these exposures shows bed- has been subjected to extensive faulting and varying ding (?) that strikes north and dips 56” west. Pods of dark degrees of folding. chert accompany the limestone. The analysis of a composite chip sample along a face on the south end of the Selected Bibliography quarry is given in Table 9. British Colwnbia MinisbyofEnergK MinesandPeboleum Selected Bibliography l+XXULYS: British Columbia Mini&y of Energy Mines and Petroleum Sutherland Brown, A. (1968): Geology of the Queen Rf3ourres: Charlotte Islanda, BuIIetin 54, pages M-61,175, Fig- ure 34. McCammoa, J.W. (1968): Limestone Deposits of the North End of Vancouver Island; Minister of Mines Report, pages 315,318.

Open File 1992-18 43 Btitish Columbia

L46 (LIMESTONE ISLAND)

UNGA ISLAND)

Fire 8. Distribution of Kunga Group Lovm Limestone Member (Sadler Fortnation) Geological Survey of Canadaz McCammon, J.W. (1959): assays and cross section io Industrial Mineral FiIe. Cameron, B.E.B. and Hamilton, T.S. (1988): Contribu- Sutherland Brown, A. (1968): Geology of the Queen tions to the Stradgraphy and Tectonics of the Queen Charlotte Islands, BoIIetio 54, page 175. Charlotte Islands Basin, British Columbia; io Cur- rent Research, Paper 1988-lE, pages 221-227. Gill&t Arm (Cumshewa Inlet) NTS: 103F/OlE 103G/O4W Kunga Island NTS: 103B/13E MINFILE No.: 103F 038, MINFILE No.: 103B 060 Latitude: 52”45’40” 103G 007 Latitude: 53”02’45 Map No.: LO45 Longitude: 13154’20 Map No.: LO47 Longitude: 132”01’47

A bed of massive grey limestone strikes north across Several masses of limestone outcrop io the vicioity of KungaIslandfor3kilome~esanddips4(Pto60”east.The Gordon Cove at the head of Giitt Arm on the east coast unit is bounded to the west by Karmutsen volcanics and of Moresby Island. to the east by thinly bedded black Limestone of the Peril A band of limestone (MINFlLE No. 103G 007) 500 Formation. On the north shore of the island the bed is 180 to 600 metres wide extends eastward from Gordon Cove metres thick sod contains a matic flow or siII 23 metres along the south shore of Gin Arm for 2500 metres. The thick. The average analysis of a composite chip sample limestone strikesnortheast and dips approtiately W across a stratigraphicthicknessof152metresonthesouth northwest. shore of Kuoga Island is given io Table 10. Across Gordon Cove, 500 m&es to the west, a SelectedBibliography second limestone deposit (MINFILE No. 103F038) coo- tioues west-northwest for Uoo metres. Bedding strikes Btitish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pebolewn east and dips 5CPnorth. Drilling has indicated the Iime- R.?SOWtX?S: stone bed is at least 29 metros thick. The western deposit is composed of dark grey to Sutherland Brown, A. (1968): Geology of the Queen white, medium to coarse-graioed Limestone cootaioiog Charlotte Islands, Bulletin 54, page 175. minor quartz It is cut by frequent calcite striagers aad a few oarrow fault-brecxia zones. The average analysis of Limestone Island NTS: 103B/13E samples from three drii holes is given in Table 10. City MINFILE No.: 103B 061 Latitude: 52”54’30” Resources (Canada) Limited evaluated this deposit io Map No.: LO46 Longitude: 13156’40 1987 as a potential source of limestone for a neutralizing medium at its Cinola epitbermal gold deposit. Massive, grcy limestone outcrops over the entire sor- SelectedBibliography face of Limestone Island, a small island covering a 700 by 700 metre area just east of Louise Island. The limestone Btitish Columbia Ministy of Enew, Mines and Pebwleum is extensively folded and faulted in places. The analysis of Resources: three chip samples representing a 60-metre stratigraphic section on the southwest shore of the island is given in McCammon J.W.: Undated, unpublished Geological Table 10. Map io IndoswiaI Mineral FiIe. Tolbwt, R. (1987): Geological, Geochemical and DriIImg S&&d Bibliography Report oo the Lie Claims; Assessment Report British Columbia Minisbyof Energy Mines andPetroleum 16566. Resources: TABLE 10 ANALYSESOF KUNGA LIMESTONE

Open File 1992-18 4s Bn’tish Columbia

Sandilands Island N’TS: 103F/OlE bii; Paper 80-16, pages 14-17 and accompanyiag MINFILE No.: 103F 039 Latitude: 53”10’20 Map l537A, Nootka Sound, British Columbia. Map No.: LO48 Longitude: 132”OSlO” Mdkr, J.E., Northcote, ICE. and Carlisle, D. (1974): Geology and Mineral Deposits of Alert - Cape Scott Light grey, massive, high-calcium limestone outcrops Map Area, Vancouver Island, British Columbia; on the southeast corner of Sandilaads Island in Skidegate Paper 74-8, page 19.22-27. Inlet, just south of Maude Island. The beds strike wcst- Mu&r, J.E. and Roddick, JA. (1983): Geology of Alert southwest and dip lo” to 30” northwest. The limestone is Bay - Cape Scott, B.C.; Map l552A. cut by irregular calcite veinlets up to 5 centimetres thick. The occasional grain of plagioclase is visible in thin sec- Kashutl Inlet NTS: 92L/O3W tion. MINFILE No.: 92L 187 Latitude: WO9’23 SelectedBibliography Map No.: LO49 Longitude: 127Y8’56” Geolo&l Survey of GUI& Limestone outcrops along the cliffs and bluffs oa the west side of KashutI Inlet, 45 kilometres south of the head MacKenzie, J.D. (1916): Geology of Graham IsIand, of the inlet on the west coast of Vancouver Island. British Columbia; Memoir 88, pages 88,173. The deposit is comprised of two beds of limestone Canada Depmbnent of Mines and Resowces: separated by Xl to 45 metres of argillite that are overlain sod underlain by volcanics cwsistiag largely of amyg- Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report daloidal andesite and da&. 811, Part 5, page 158. These rocks have been subjected to some low grade thermal metamorphism by an intrusion exposed just BONANZA GROUP north of the deposit. The entire sequence strikes northeast and dip 30” to 60” south. The upper (southern) bed The Bonanza Group is comprised largely of basaltic is approximately 4.5 metres thick while the lower bed is to rhyotitic tlowg tuffs and breccias with minor inter&a- approximately 60 m&es thick. tions of argiUite and greywacke of Lower Jurassic age The carbonate beds consist of massive, pearl-grey to outcropping mostly along the west side of Va~~couver white, medium to coarse-grained limestone (marble). Island. A broad belt of Bonanza rocks that foIlows the Adyses of three samples comprised of chips taken at coast for l&l kilometres oa northern Vancouver Island is intervals of 4.6 metres across accessible outcrops of the reported to contain occasional thin-bedded, fme-grained, upper limestone bed arc given in Table 11 (Campbell, dark greylimestones (Campbell, 1973, p.5). Most ofthese 1% P. 7). are probably Parsons Bay limestone occaning in various Probable (indicated) reserves are calculated at 7.6 fault-bounded blocks. The only documented limestone million tonnesoflimestoneassumingastrikelengthof 180 deposit of any significance within the Bonanza Group m&es for each bed and a down-dip extension of 150 outcrops on Kashutl Inlet. me&s (Campbell, 1973, pp. 1, 8). The deposit is es- Sekted Bibliography timated to contain a total potential of at least 27 million tonnes of limestone. British Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines andPeu&um The limestone was examined and sampled by Resounx~: Douglas D. Campbell during 1958 and 1962. Sicamous Rcsowces Ltd. (B.C. Pyrophyllite Co. Ltd.) held a lease Campbell, D.D. (1973): Geology Report _ Kashutl Inlet over the deposit in the early 1970s. In 1984 C.K. & G. Limestone; unpublished report in Industrial Management Ltd. of Port Coquitlam, B.C. attempted Miieral File. unsuccessfully to acquire the mineral rights to the deposit.

Muller, J.E. (1974): Alert Bay - Cape Scott, British TABLE 11 Columbia; Map 4-1974. ANALYSESOF BONANZA LIMESTONE FROM Muller, J.E. (1977): Geology of Vancouver Island; Open KASHUTLINLET File. 463. Muller, J.E. Cameron, B.E.B. and Northcote, K.E. (1981): Geology and Mineral Deposits of Nootka Sound Map Area, Vancouver Island, British C&m-

46 G.zolo@l Smey Bmch SelectedBiblimpby stone was quarried here and burnt on site to produce lime behveen 1906 and 1933. . British Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines andPeboleum A band of limestone 400 metres wide within ReSOlOCfX greenstone in the Wark gneiss extends at least 2 CampbeII, D.D. (1973): Geology Report - Kashutl Inlet kiiometres westward from the shore of Esquimah Har- hour. The limestone strikes 110” and dips 70” southwest Limestone; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral File. to 70” northeast. It is extensively fractured. A distinct fracture cleavage strikes northwest and dips ap WARK AND COLQUITZ GNEISSIC proximately 70’ northeast. Randomly orientated, COMPLEX greenish, mafic dikes a few centimetres to 15 m&es wide arc locdy quite numerous. The Wark and Colquitz gaeissic complex forms a belt The deposit is comprised of very fme grained, dark 10 to 14 kilometres wide that extends 40 Lilometres from bluish grey to nearly white limestone that is commonly Victoria and Saanich west-northwest to the KoksiIah banded parallel to tbe fracture cleavage. In thin section River, where it is truncated by the San Juan fault. The the limestone displays interlocking recrystaIIized calcite complex is comprised of well-foliated bornblende- grains with less than 1 per cent quartz chlorite is com- plagioclase gneiss (Wark gaeiss) and irregularly foliated monly found coating fractures. Most of the limestone is biotite-quartz-plagiozkxe gaeiss (Colquitz gneiss) with high-calcium io composition. Occasional patches and minor amphibolite, greenstone and limestone (marble). sdl masses of magnesiaa limestone occur along the Paleozoic zircon age dates and the presence of crinoidal margins of the band and along contacts with dikes. limestone northwest of Sooke Lake (N.W.D. Massey, Analyses of hvo grab samples reported by Goudge (1944) 1989, personal communication) and oo Esquimak Har- are given in l?ibIe 12 hour (S. Dumais, 1989, personal communication) suggest Limestone was produced from a series of quarries that these rocks are derived from the Sicker and Bottle along a ridge 400 to 900 metres west of Esquimak Har- Lake groups. The various limestone beds and lenses hour. The main quarry, l20 metres long, M) m&es tide within this metamorphic complex may therefore be and up to 15 metres deep, was located 460 metres inland equivalent to the. Mount Mark Formation (Battle Lake from the shore. The Limestone was burned in two or three limcston~). kilns on the shore. This operation was ioitialIy carried out The majority of tbe limestone occur ences are found by Raymond & Sons from 1906 to 1910. The Rosebank within the Wark gneiss. A few deposits occur io the Lime Company Ltd. continued production of lime and Colquitz gaeiss at or near the contact with the Wark hydrated lime from 1911 to 1932. Raw limestone was also gneiss. The most significant occurrence is the Rosebank sold for rubble and agricukwal purposes. A total of 218 deposit oo the west shore of Eaquimak Harbow. A few 280 tonnes of limestone was quarried between 1912 and smdler deposits occur in the same vicinity. Limestone 1933. In 1933 the plant was dismantled and the property lenses are ah found just east of Langford, south of was event&y acquired by the Department of National Tenook Lake in the Highland Diitrict, west of Saaaich Defense. Inlet at Wrigglesworth and Devereux Lakes and northwest of Sooke Lake io the Greater Vitioria water- SelectedBibliography shed. British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Pebvleum These deposits are generally composed of high-Cal- Resoun%: cium, recrystallized limestone (marble), sometimes accompanied by zones of siliceous and magnesian Mathews, W.H. (1947): calcareoos Deposits of the Geor- limestone. Dies frequently intrude tbe deposits. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, page 99. Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Cakareous SelectedBibliography Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- GeologicalSurvey of Cam&z letin 40, pages 91-92.

MulIer, J.E. (1985): Geology, Vidoria, British Columbia; Canada Depatment of Mines and Resowrex Map l553A. Rosebank la-3 92B/06W Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, MINPILB No.: 92B 024 Latitude: 48”26’37” Part 5, pages 130-l32,142. Map No.: LO50 Longitude: 123Y.7’29”

The Rosebank deposit is situated on the west side of Esquimak Ha&w, 9 kilometres west of Xctoctoria.Liie-

Open File 1992.18 47 TABLE I ANALYSES OF LIMESTONES IN THE WARK AND COLQUITZ GNEISSES AND WESTCOAST COMPLEX

Millstream (Highland) N-l-S: 92B/O5E Atkins Road (Langford) NTS: 92B/06W MINFILE No.: 92B 025 Latitude: 48”28’55” MINFILE No.: 92B 026 Latitude: 48”26’58 Map No.: LO51 Longitude: 12350’25” Map No.: LO52 Longitude: 123’78’24”

Tbe Millstream deposit is located 2 kilometres east The Atkins Road deposit is located along Atkins of Mount Fiiayson on the east side of Millstream Road, Avenue, adjacent to tbe Esqaimalt and Naaaimo Railway, I3 kilometres west-northwest of Victoria. 1.4 kilometres east of Langford Station and 9 kilometres Fine-grained, banded, partly recrystallized lime- west of Victoria. It consists of a mass of limestone ia the stone is contained in a leas 1000 metres long and 300 Warkgneiss, outcropping for203 to3OOmetresalongbotb metres wide in greenstone witbin the Wark gaeiss. The sides of the road and railway with widths of up to 60 banding dips from 40’ northwest to 20” southeast. metres. Banding within the limestone dips west and is cut Numerous dies intrude the deposit. Irregular leases and by a few contorted diabase dikes. A thick deposit of masses of white-weathering wollastoaite are reported to flu&glacial sand and gravel partially covers the deposit. occur in the limestone. An analysis reported by Mathews The limestone is fme grained, light bluish grey and and McCammon (1957) is given in Table 12 Iigbtly banded. In thii section calcite and muscovite Limestone was produced from two quarries 320 grains forming a lineation are cemented by fme-grained metres apart, prior to 1908. It was burnt on site in several argillaceous calcite. The limestone is generally high Cal- kilns to produce lime. Quarrying was suspended because cium in composition. A few small masses of dolomite are higher transportation costs made it uneconomic to corn- exposed in the west face of the quarry south of the road pete with similar operations located near tide-water. and railway. An analysis reported by Mathews and Mc- Cammon (1957) is given in Table 12. Selected Bibliography Quarrying operations began in l!Xl7 after the con- British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum struction of a sand-lime brick plant by the Silica Brick & R.?SOUrCeX Lie Company. The Vancouver-Victoria Lie & Brick Company acquired the operation in 1911 and continued Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareoas Deposits of the Geor- quarrying limestone through to 19l2. Production was gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 97-98. from three small quarries on the north side of the road Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous and railway and one larger quarry on the south side. Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- letia 40, page 90. Selected Bibliography The MaIahat deposit is located a kiIometreao&vest ofDevereuxLake,near thenortbwestemedgeoftit 201, British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pebvleun 3.75 kilometres west of Saanich Inlet and 24 Lilometres RfXWWS: northwest of Victoria. A lens of limestone extends 300 metres northwest from the north end of a smaII lake. The Mathews, W.H. (1947): Cakareous Deposits of the Geor- lens strikes loo” and dips 45” to 80” south. Exposed widths gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, page 98. vary from 18 metres on the southeast end to 76 metro on Mathews, W.H. andMcCammoo, J.W. (1957): Cakareoas the northwest end. The lens terminates to the northwest Deposits of Southwestern British Colombia; BoI- in a series of bloffs. The Limestone appears to continue letin 40, pages 90-91. underneath the lake to the southeast. It is bounded on the southwest by the Colqoitz goeiss and the by the Wark Canado Depuiment of Mines and Resowces: goeiss on the northeast, and is intruded by a few maI% dikes up to a metre wide that tend to paraIIe1 the strike of Goudge, h4.E (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, the lens. Part 5, pages l32 142. TIE lens cmsists of fine to medium-grained, dark bluish greyto whitelimestone containingoccasionalf~ Wrigglesworth Lake NTS: 92B/12E ofwhitesiliceousmaterial.AnanalysisreportedbyMatb- h4INFILE No.: !X?B 021 Latitude: 4831’14” em and McCammon (1957) is given in Table l2. Map No.: LO53 Longitude: 12334’27” Limestone was produced from a single quarry by Marble & Associated Products Ltd. between 1944 and This occurrence is located just west of Wrigglesworth 1950. A total of 1424 tonnes of limestone was quarried for Lakeon the southwest comer of Lot 8,22kiIometerswest stucco dash, poultry grit, faers and foundry flux. of Saanich Inlet and 20 kiIometres northwest of Victoria. It consists of a band of Limestone extending 400 metres northwest from the south end of Wrigglesworth lake. The Se&ted Bihliograpby band w&s ia width from 75 metres at its southeast end Bdtish Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines and Petroleum to 105 metres at its northwest end. The southeast end of RtXOWCW: the band is faulted against interbedded ribbon cberts, slates and toffs of the Leech River Formation by the Mathews, W.H. (1947): CaIcareoos Deposits of the Geor- Malahat fault. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, page 97. The band is bounded to the southwest by goeissic Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Cakareous greenstone of the Colqoitz goeiss. The Wark goeiss out- Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; BoI- crops to the northeast. A few matic dikes intrude the letiu 40, pages 88-89. limestone. The occurrence is comprised of fme to medium- Canada Depuiment of Mines and Resowws: grained, dark grey to white limestone. Scattered smaII lenses of chert are present. Ao analysis reported by Math- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Liiestoaes of Canada, Report 8ll, ews and McCammon (1957) is given in Table 12. Part 5, pages l34-136,142. This occwence was fust prospected by J. Wriggles- worth io 1891. A number of test pits are reported to have been excavated. Parsons Bridge N-l-3 92B/06W MINFILE No.: 92B 020 Latitude: 48”27’13” S&&d Bibliography Map No.: LO55 Longitude: 123”27’26 British Columbia Mb&y of Energy Mines and Pebnleum Resources: The Parsons Bridge occurrence is located 300 metres southwest of Parsons Bridge on the east side of the Island Highway (Highway lA) at the head of EsquimaIt Har- Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareo~~ Deposits of Southwestern British Colombia; Bul- bow. A steeply dipping lens of Limestone, 30 metreswide, letin 40, pages 89-90. strikes OIXPto 030” for 60 metres within the Wark goeiss. It is bounded to the east and southeast by a graoitic intrusion aad greenstone dies intrude the limestone. MaIahat (Jefford) NT3 92Bf 12E The rock is fme grained, bluish grey and high c&am MINFILE No.: 92B 022 Latitude: 4892’42” in composition. An analysis reported by Mathews and Map No.: LO54 Longitude: 12326’31” McCammon (1957) is given in Table 12

Open File 1992-18 49 Limestone was initiaIIy quarried here and burnt on Nitinat Lake - Southeast Side N-l-3 92C/lOW site by Thomas Atkins for a few years beginning ia 1912. MINFILE No.: 92C 010 Latitude: 48’41’24” Between 1917 and 1922 Lime Producers Ltd. and Map No.: LO56 Longitude: 124”47’57 Northwestern Lime Co. operated the quarry for lime manufacturing. By 1938 Victoria Lime Co. was quarrying This occurrence is situated on the southeast shore of and burning limestone for agricultural purposes. Quarry- Nitinat Lake, near its outlet to the Pacific Ocean, 33 ing ceased in 1941. Between 1917 and 1941,7694 totmes kilometres northwest of Port Renfrew. It is comprised of of Iimestone were quarried. two masses of limestone; the larger one extends 3 SelectedBibliography kilometres northeast along the shore of Nitinat Lake directly opposite occurrence Ltl57. This deposit varies up Btidsh Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum to 500 metres in width. To the southeast thelimestone is Rt?SOUXtX in contact with diorite and granodiorite. Seven hundred metres to the southwest a smalier mass of limestone Mathews, W.H. (1947): Cakareous Deposits of the Geor- outcrops along the shore of Nitinat Lake over a 900 by gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 98-99. 1100 metre area. It is bounded to the southwest and southeast by the same grardtic rocks. Bedding in both Mathews, W.H. and McCammoa, J.W. (1957): Calcareous deposits generally strikes northwest and dips behveen 3tP Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; BuI- letin 40, page 91. and 90” northeast. These deposits are comprised of dark, impure iimestone wntainiag some siIiceous and dolomitic beds. Canada Depmtment of Mines and Resources SelectedBibliography Goudge, ME (1944): Liiestones of Canada; Report 811, British Columbia Minimy of Energy Mines and Peboleum Part 5, pages l32,142. R.?SOWCk?X

WEST COAST COMPLEX Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareous The West Coast Complex consists of a belt of Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; BuI- metamorphic and plutonic rocks extendii diicon- letin 40, page 97. timmusly for 220 kikrmetres along the west coast of Van- couver Island, from Nootka Island southeastwards to Port Renfrew. These rocks, largely amphibolites, diorites and quartz diorites, were emplaced during an early Jurassic Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and Dora, K (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- period of intense metamorphism. Various bodies of couver Ishmd, LITHOPROBE 1; Open File l272, recrystaihzed limestone have been mapped within this Sheet 3. belt between Barday Sound and Port Renfrew. These are probably correlative with the Quatsino Formation, which Canada Department of Mines and Resources: occurs frequently east of the belt. The most significant masses of limestone are found on either side of the south Parks, WA. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- end of Nitiaat Lake. Several limestone bodies occur 7 to namental Stones of Canada; Report 452, Volume 5, 9 kilometres north-northwest of Port Reafrew along the page 149. Gordon River and 12.5 to 175 kikrmetres northeast of Port Renfrew north of the San Juan River. In addition, a NT3 92C/lOW band of limestone outcrops for 3 kilometres along Nitinat Lake - Northwest Side Walbraa Creek, 7 kilometres from the coast. Various MINFILE No.: 92C 011 Latitude: 48’41’49” other limestones outcrop on the southeast side of Barclay Map No.: LO57 Longitude: 124”48’49 Sound on Dixon Island and Dim Point, and just north of the sound, 2 kilometres south of Broughton Peaks. This occurrence is located near the south end of Nitiaat Lake cm its northwest shore, 4 Wometres from the SelectedBibliography Pacific Ocean and 34 kilometres northwest of Port Rmfrew. Geological Survey of Cmada A mass of Limestone up to a kiiometre tide extends northeast along the shore of Nitinat Lake for 2.8 Mullen J.E. (1982): Geology of the Nitiaat Lake Map kilometres. To the northwest the Iimestone is in fault Area, British Columbia; Open File 821. contact with granodiorite and diorite. The thickly bedded

50 Geotcgiiat Sway Bmnch limestone generally strikes 100” to 120” and dips35” to 65” northeast and is intruded by a few dikes. The deposit cm.sists of coarse-grained, white lime- Sutherland Brown, A. Yorath, CJ., Anderson, R.G. and stone (marble) containing some tine-grained, thinly Dam, K. (1986): Geological Maps of Southern Van- bedded siliceous layers and a few dolomitic beds. An couver Island, LfTHOPROBE 1; Open Pile lZ?, amlysis reported by Mathews and McCammon (1957) is Sheet 3. given in Table 12 Canada Deprtment of Mines and Resowces: Selected Bibliography British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Pebnleum Goudge, M.P. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811 Rt3OWCtT: Part 5, page 141. Parks, W.A. (1917): Report on the B&Ming and Or- Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous namental Stones of Canada, Report 452, Volume 5, Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- page 149. letin 40, pages 97-98.

Open File 1992-M 51 British Cdumbirr

52 Geol&cal Sunvy Bmnch COAST BELT

The Coast Belt (Coast platonic complex) comprises Baer, AJ. (1973): BeIla CooIa - Laredo Sound Map a belt of g&tic rocks of Jurassic to Tertiary age that areas, British Columbii; Memoir 372, page 24 and follows the British Columbia coast northwestward into accompanying maps BlIa Coola, British Colum- Alaska. Numerous screens of metamorphosed country bia, Map l327& Laredo Sound, British Cobunbii rock, varying from m&es to lrilometres in width, are Map l323A (Baer, AJ, Hutch&n, W.W., Souther, distributed along the length of the complex as wedges and J.G and Roddick, JA. (1972)]. roof pendants; carbonate deposits are occasionally Bostock, H.H. (1%3): Squamish (Vancouver West Half), preserved The southern part of the belt contains pen- British Columbia; Map 42-1963. daots probably derived from Upper ‘I&.& uoits of the Graham, R.P.D. (19l3): Burke Channel to Queen Char- WrmgeUia Timane (Quatsino and Karmutszn forma- lotte Sound; Map 92A. tions).TothenorthPaIeozoictoearlyMesoz&metasedi- Dodds, CJ. (1983): Geology of the lbtsheoshini River meats and metavolcanics of the Alexander Tcrraae Map Area, British Columbia; Open We 926. predominate. Hut&son, W.W. (1982): Geology of the Prince Rupert - Carbonates incorporated in the Coast Belt ahuost Skeena Map Area; Memoir 394, pages 3O-31,37,42 always show evidence of high-temperature metamor- and accompaayiog Map 1472A [Ho&son, W.W., phism. They are usually recrystaUiz.ed and bleached white Sonther, J.G., Baer, AJ. and Nekon, S. (1979)]. to lighter shades of grey. Erratic contamination by pyrite Hutch&on, WW, Baer, AJ., Soother, J.G. and Roddick, and silicates is quite common and can be exteusive. Skam JA. (1967); Rince Rupert - Skeena, British Colum- woes containing a variety of c&bun silicates are some- bii; Map 12-1966. times developed along the margins of the deposits where Roddick, JA. (1970): Douglas channel - Hecate Strait they contact intrusive rock aad most of the deposits have Map-area, British CoIumbia; Paper 70-41 pages 2, undergone varying degrees of dolomitization due to cir- 7, U-14,16-22 and accompanying Map 23-1970. ctdatiog hydrothermal tlaids generated by the adjacent intrusions. The dolomite sometimes occurs in beds Roddick, JA. (1977): Stratitied Rocks of Bate Inlet Map several metres thick intercalated with beds of calcium to area and notes; Open F?Ie 480. high-calcium limestone of sin&r thicka~ as on the east Roddick, JA. and Hut&son, W.W. (1967): Coast Moan- coast of BanLs Island. Dolomite is more commonly trains Reject, British Colombia; in Report of Ac- developed within the deposits as disseminations, leases tivities, Paper 196&1A, pages 3740. and irre.guIar masses miUimetres to metrcs in width that Roddick, JA., Woodsworth, GJ. and Hut&son, W.W. become more numerous toward the margins of the (1979): Geology of Vancouver West HaIfand Main- deposits. More uniform dolomitization over greater land Part of Alberoi, Open PiIe 611. widths, such as on the Sechelt Pea&da, is uncommon. Dies are abundant in some deposits and rare in others. SOUTHERN COAST BELT Carbonates in the northern part of the belt are commonly Candol Developments interbedded with other metamorphic rocks. (Sechelt Peninsula) NT-S: 92G/12W SelectedBibliography MINFILE No.: 92GNW031 Latitude: 4956’04 British Columbia Minisby of En= Mines and Pebvleum Map No.: DO02 Longitude: lUJ3’14” Resources: Various masses of dolomite and limestone occur over Bacon, W.R. (1957): Geology of the Lower Jervis Inlet, a 3 kiIometre length in a northwest-trending screen of British Columbia; Bulletin 39, pages 17.37. Kamutsen Pormation(?) metavohnics and metasedi- Watson,K. De&! (1948):TheSquawCreek-RainyHallow merits (Roddick el ol., 1979), just northwest of Cadson Area; Bulletin 25, pages 19-21. Lake, l3 Lilometres east of Pender Harboor on the Secheh Pen&da. The beds within the pendant strike northerly and dip moderately to steeply east. They are comprised mostly of carbonates outcropping over widths in -of 150 metres with some amphiboIite, skara-al- Anonymous (1933): Compilation - Prince Rupert Map tered metavolcanics and north-trending, steeply dipping Sheet; Map 278A. aadesitic to basaltic dikes (?) 2 to 20 metres wide. These tits arc displaced by faults commonly trending 160” to long, that is bounded to the west by limestone and to the 165”. cast by an andesitic dike. The deposit is estimated to The carbonates consists of fme to coarse-grained, contain measured geological reserves of 3.5 mUlion ton- white to medium grey, banded limestone and fme to nes of dolomite averaging 19.2 per cent MgO over an medium grained, white to medium grcy, massive to mot- average width of 55 me&s, a 5OU-metre strike length and tled dolomite. Miior to trace amounts of quartz, mus- down to 50 mctres in depth (Ditson, 1987, p. 23). ccwite, scrpatine, diopside, olitie, talc, graphite and Peninsula Lime and Magnesia Ltd. car&d out some pyrite arc present. Tbc dolomite contains minor &I&e stripping and mapping between 1970 and 1971. A smaU and quartz Veins of dolomite and calcite commonly cut crushing mill was assembled by the company during this the massive dolomite. The average analysis of ten com- time. A minor amount of work was conducted by Stoney posite samples collected fromvarious limestone outcrops Plain Industries Ltd. in 1978. Candol Developments Ltd. is given in Table I3. Assays of the dolomite range from carried out an extensive program of mapping, sampI+ 16.8 to 20.0 per cent MgO (Ditson, 1987, p. 11). and diamond driUing (1423 mctres) between 1983 and Reserves of limestone and dolomite over a 3- 1987. kilometre strike length were initiaUy estimated by Wright Engineering in 1983. Indicated rcscrves to a depth of Xl Selected Bibliography metres and inferred resctws estimated from XI to 3CO British Columbia Minimy of Energy Mines and Peboleum metres arc given as foUows in tonnes (Wright Engineer- RCSOUrCCS: ing, 1983, p. 4): Bechtel Engineering Ltd. (1986): unpublished report in lndlcllttd Inred TOtd Industrial Mineral File. Candol Developments Ltd. (1984): Prospectus in In- Dolomite 17500wo 100WOKQ 117scmKo dustrial Mineral I%. L.imcsto”c 7sooam mwowa 275wom Ditson, C. (1987): GeolcgicaI, Geochemical and DriUing DriIUng between 1985 and 1987 defmed a body of report on the Plain Rope*, Assessment Report dolomite M to 80 m&es tide and at least 500 mctres l.5593.

TABLE I3 ANALYSES OF LIMESTONES IN THE SOUTHERN COAST BELT McCammon, J.W. (1972): PeninsuIa Lie and Magnesia The band on the north shore is composed of white, quarry; in Geology, Exploration and Miig in medium to coarse-grained, ioterbcdded high-calcium British Columbia 1971, pages 465-467. limestone and dolomite that contains a trace of dissemi- Wright Engineering Ltd. (1983): unpublished report in nated pyrite. The dolomite alsO occurs withio the calcium Industrial Mineral File. Iimcstone as irregular masses up to 8 metres in diameter and as fme disseminations in varying concentrations. The Beak’s Quarry limestone becomes sikous and more dolomitic along (Cunningham Island) N-IX 93D/O4W the edges of the deposit. Analyses reported by Go&e (1944) are given in Table l3. MINFILE No.: 93D 008 Latitude: 52”11’19” In 1929 Coast Calcite Co. Ltd. opened up hvo quar- Map No.: LO58 Longitude: 127Y8’55 ries on Lot 403 along the north shore of Smith Inlet; operations were suspended a short time aIkwards. A vertically dipping limestone bed l&l to 300 metres wide extends 1.6 kitometres northwestward for from the Selected Bibliography head of a lagoon oo the south side of Cunningham Island, 10 IdIometres east-northeast of BelIa BeUa. The bed lies Canada Depamnent of Mines and Resoutws: within a roof pendant of greenstone enclosed in foliated Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, granite and quartz diorite. The Iimestone is intruded by Part 5, pages l&-167,17.5. matic dikes and siILs and occasional tongues of granite, which become less frequent to the northwest. Thebediscomprisedofwhitetobluishwhite,coarse- Koeye River N-l?? 92M/13W grained, high-calcium Iimestone that is occasionally MINFLE No.: 92M 012 Latitude: 51”46’56 siliceousandlocallyutntaminatedwithserpentine.Pyrite Map No.: LO60 Longitude: 127”51’36” is present near some of the dikes. The limestone also contains streaks of disseminated py&e on the east side of A wide band of Limestone extends loo0 metres north- the deposit. Ao analysis reported by Goudge (1944) is eashvardfromthemouthoftheKocyeRiver, 9kiIometres given in nble l3. south of Namu, outcropping mostly along its northwest Limestone was produced from two quarries sod an bark. The band is within an elongate roof pendant of underground chamber on Lot I333 near the head of the schist and gneiss. The Limestone strikes 06CP, dips almost lagoon between 1923 and 1934 and during 1948 and 1949. vertically and is 122 metres wide near its northeast end. A total of 94 425 tonnes of limestone was quarried for use The deposit is comprised of fmc to coarse-graiaed, in the pulp miII at Ocean FaIIs between 1927 and 1949. white to dark bluish grey Limestone. It contains streaks, veinlets and disseminations of dolomite and silicates over Selected Bibliography most of its length, the exception being on the northeast Canada Depan?nent of Mines and Remwces: end where the Limestone lacks such impurities. Dies ccmmody intrude the limestone, especiaIIy to the south- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, west. An aoalysis reported by Goudge (1944) is given in Part 5, pages 168-170,176. Table I3. A total of 354 490 tonnes of limestone was quarried Smith Inlet N-l-S: 92M/06E on the north side of the Kocyc River, 1.6 Uometres MINFILE No.: 92M 008 northeast of Koeye Point between 1934 and 1%9 for use Latitude: 5152’00 in the Ocean FaIIs pulp miII. Map No.: LO59 Longitude: 127”08’46” Selected Bibliography A band of limestone withio granitic rocks outcrops Canada Deparbnent of Mines and Remmes: on both sides of Smith Inlet near NaIos Landing, 5 Uometres from the head of the inlet. The limestone Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, strikes 110” and dips steeply to the northeast. On the north Part 5, pages 167-168,176. side of the inlet the band is 700 metres wide and continues inland for 800 metres. Here the limestone is intruded by some ma&z dikes that commonIyparaIIe1 the strike of the King Island N-l?? 92M/13W band. The dikes vary up to 9 metres in width, but are MINFILE No.: 92M 013 Latitude: 5176’01” nsuaUy less than a metre wide. They become numerous Map No.: LO61 Longitude: 12P52’25” towards the edges of the deposit. Abundant dikes intrude the limestone on the south shore of the inlet. A band of medium grained, pale bluish grey and white, striped limestone l50 mctres tide outcrops on a

opn File 1992-M point 1.2 lrilometres east of the southern tip of King Mathews, W.H. and McCammoo, J.W. (1957): CaIcareoos Island. The limestone strikes 165” for at least 550 metres Deposits of Southwestern British C&ⅈ Bul- and dips verticaIIy. On the margins of the band it is l&o 40, pages 95-97. interbedded with schist and a@ite. Numerous dikes intrude the limestooe. AnaIyses reported by Goudge Geological Survey of Cczmaiaz (1944) are given in Table l3. Some development work was carried out by FJ. Roddick, JA., Woodsworth, GJ. and Hut&son, W.W Beale in 1931 and the deposit was eventuaIly quarried for (1979): Geology of Vancouver West HaIf arid Main- 3 months in 1949 by FJ. Beale, supplying limestone for land Part of AIbemi, Open FlIe 611. the pulp mill at ocean FaUs. Canada Depwbmw of Mines and Remuw.s: Sale&d Bibliography Canada Depuiment of Minesand Resowes: Goudge, M.F. (194%): Limestones of Canada; Report Ul, Part 5, pages l59-160,175. Goudge, M.I? (1944): Limestones of Caaada,Repxt 811, Part 5, pages 168,176. Frederick Arm N-IS: 92K/O6W MINIXE No.: 92K 136 Latitude: 5057’16 Nelson Island NT’S: 92F/09E Map No.: LO63 Longitude: 125”17’59 MINFILE No.: 92F 100 Latitude: 49’44’36” Map No.: LO62 Longitude: 124”09’00 A band of limestone and dolomite 300 metres wide enclosed in graaitic rocks extends northwestward up the This occurrence is located on the east shore of Blind side of Treble Mountain for at least 800 m&es from the Bay on Nelson IsIaad, 68 Uometres north-northwest of west shore of Frederick Ana. The carbonatesstrike u5” NanaimO. and dip vertically. The beds are cut by fme-grained A band of Iimestoae 60 to 120 metres tide strikes diabase dikes. l5iY inland up the steep side of Blind Bay for 600 metres. The band is composed of bluish grey, fme-grained The limestone probably contioues under Blind Bay to the limestone containing a few beds of white to yellowish north end of Hardy Island (MINFILE No. 92F 101). The white dolomite. Dolomite and pyrite occ&onalIy occur bed is situated within a roof pendant of Karmutsen For- as disseminated grains in the limestone. The rock is some- mation (?) volcanic-s and sediments 670 m&es wide, times contaminated with blebs of silicates. Analyses enclosed in quartz diorite (Roddick et al., 1979). The reported by Goudge (1944) are given in Table l3. limestone is enclosed in a go&sic porphyry (altered laws?) and banded green tuffs, and intruded by a few Selected Bibliography dikes. Cona& Depamnenl of Mines and Resources: The deposit is largely comprised of fme to coarse- grained white to light bluish, high-calcium Iimestone.The Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, northeast side of the band contains siliceous blue Iime- Part 5, pages 163-164,175-176. stone and dolomite. Thin lenses of white dolomite are scattered throughout the rest of the deposit. Sandell Bay (Rivers Inlet) N-I-S: 92M/12E Minor serpentine is developed on fractures. The MINEXE No.: 92M 011 Latitude: 5149’18” average analysis of four chip samples reported by Math- ews and McCammon (1957) is given in Table l3. Map No.: LO64 Longitude: 127”32’17” Nelson Island Lime Company produced limestone for the pulp miII at Woodtibre from a quarry and an adit A band of Iimestone 75 to Sil metres.wide outcrops between 1929 and 1936. In 1929 726 tonnes of limestone on Lot 1275 on the east side of SaadeII Bay, 25 kilometres were mined; the total production between 1929 and 1936 up Rivers Inlet. It is bounded on the west by schist and on is uuknown. the east by diabase. The deposit strikes 155” for at least 460 m&es. Selected Bibliography The band is composed of medium-grained, light bluish grey and white, thinly bedded to massive, high-Cal- British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Minar and Petroleum cium limestone containing a trace of disseminated pyr;te Rt?SOUtTCX and a few IenticuIar beds of siIiceous limestone. The average analysis of two chip samples taken across the Mathews, W.H. (1947): Calcareous Deposits of the Geor- gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages 103-105. deposit is given in Table l3.

56 Geolqical SurveyBmwJn BeiectedBibliography This omtrrencc is Iocatcd 83 Uometrcs northeast of the commonity of Garden Bay on the Sccheh Penin- CanadaDeportment of Mines and Resources: sula A dolomite lens lies in a northwest-trending pendant Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report811, of Kammtsen Formation (?) volcaaics and sediments Fart 5, pages 167,175. within diorite and quartz diorite. LocaUy, the pendant contains IenticuIar masses of dolomite and limestone with minor chert and argiIIite iaterczdatcd with basaltic flows. West Redonda Island N-i-S: 92K/O7W These beds strike north and dip verticaUy to steeply east. MINFILE No.: 92K 002 Latitude: 50”17’11” They are cut by few vertical andesitic and dioritic dikes Map No.: LO65 Longitude: 12451’00” that commonly strike 14@. The dolomite leas is at least 310 metres long and up lkro Limestone deposits occur on the north shore of to 37 me&s wide on surface, averaging 30 m&es in West Rcdonda Iskmd, 100 metres west of the northwest exposed width. It is composed of white to grey, mottled, comer of Lot 3439. Both are exposed over a width of 30 cryxtaIline dolomite containing epidote and calcite vein- metros along the shore. The eastern deposit has been lets and sparse pyrite grains. Nine 45- IdIogram samples traced southwestward up the hillside for at least 60 metres randomly coUccted over the dolomite lens assayed 18.8 to and is cut by a few dikes. 21.1 per cent MgO, averaging 19.8 per cent (Bacon, 1957, The Iimestone is generauy fine to coarse-grain& p. 17). six of these samples returned the foIIowing range white to grey, with a bluish tint. The eastern deposit in compositions (Bacon 1957, p. 39): CaO, 30.6 to 33.1 per displays zones of white dolomite commonly containing cent; MgO, 18.8 to 21.7 per cent; SioZ, 29 to 5.1 per cent; gnim of bmcite and rare serpentine. In places dolomite Rz03.0.4 to 0.9 per cent; Fez.0~ 0.4 to 0.6 per cent; loss occurs as bladed crystals within the limestone. Analyses on ignition, 41.9 to 45.1 per cent. reported by Goudge (1944) are given in ‘Ihble l3. A mass of thinly bedded, white to grey crystallioe The eastern deposit was periodicaIIy quarried to limestone outcrops just west of the dolomite lens. Its supply pulp and paper miIIs on Howe Sound up to 1926. north end hosts magnetite-chalcopyrite &am zones that A total of 24 125 tonnes of limestone was quarried by have been sporadicaUy mined. Nickson Coa&wtioo Compaoy between 1920 and 1924. Selected Bibliography SelectedBibliography British Columbia Ministry of Enem Mbtes and Petmleum British Columbia Ministry of Enem Mines and Petroleum Resowces: Rt!SOUKtX Bacon, W.R. (1957): Geology of the Lower Jervis Inlet, Grant, B. (1987): Magoesite,Bracite and hydromagoesite British Columbia; Bulletin 39, pages 17.39. Occurrences in British Columbia; Open File 1987- Mathews, W.H. aadMcCammon, J.W. (1957): CaIcareoos l3, pages 50-51. Deposits of Southwestern British Colombia; BuI- Mathews, WH. (1947): CaIcareoos Deposits of the Geor- letin 40, page 97. gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pages lGU-101. Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Cakareous Bold Point (Quadra Island) N-i-S 92K/03E Deposits of Southwestern British Columbia; Bul- MINFILE No.: 92K 004 Latitude: 50”10’34” letin 40, pages 92-93. Map No.: LO66 Longitude: 125’10’20”

Canada Department of Mines and Resounzs: ‘ho or more hdics of bhdsh grey limestone form a northeast-trending belt 300 metres long and 60 metres Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, wide in granitic rocks oo Lot 4,1.6 IdIometrw north of Part 5, pages 127,161-163. Bold Point on the east side of Quadra Island. An analysis parks, W.A. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- reported by Mathews and McCammon (1957) is given in namental Stones of Canada, Report 455 Volume 5, Table 13. page 162. A few tonnes of limestone are reported to have been quarried here before 192.5. Cambrian Chieftain Dolomite (Sechelt Peninsula) N-l-S: 92G/12W %&ted Bibliography MINFILE No.: 92GNW054 Latitude: 49’40’51” British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Petroleum Map No.: DO03 Longitude: 123”56’14 Resources:

Open Fik 1992-18 57 Mathews, W.H. (1947): CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- south the banding strikes northwest and dips 35” to 65” gia Strait Area; BuUetin 23, pages 101-102. southwest Mathews, W.H. and McCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous The deposit is comprised mostly of snowy white, Deposits of Soutbwestem British Columbia; BuI- coarse-grained high-calcium limestone (marble) with letin 40, page 93. some light to dark grey, fme-grained, variably dolomitic bands 0.02 to 1.25 me&s thick. A bed of dolomitic Iime- stone outcrops in the western and southwestern portions of the deposit with a surface width of approximately 200 Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, metres. The carbonate is contaminated by variable Part 5, page 161. amouats of pyrite, pyrrhotite, forsterite, serpentine, spine1 and graphite. Brightness is reported to vary between 94 and 96 per cent (D.G. Matbesoo, 1991, personal RilbeUa Bay N-IX: 92M/llW MINFILE No.: 92M 016 communi~tioa). An analysis reported by McCammon Latitude: 51”40’55” (1970) is given in Table 14. Map No.: M67 Longitude: 12751’53” Total reserves are estimated at 90 million tonnes grading 543 per cent CaO, (97 per cent C&03) with a A band of white, coarse-graioed limestone 15 to 30 cut-off grade of 50.4 per ceni CaO, (90 per cent C&Z@),), m&es wide. extends for at least 500 metres north- with a potential for an additional 1.9 billion tonnes northwest up the mountainside, west of the entrance of (Laredo Limetione L&d., 1988, p. 2). Proven (measured KilbeUa Bay on the north shore of Rivers Inlet. The band geological) sod probable (indicated) reserves deter- is hosted in greenstone and granite which also occur as mined for two zones witbin the deposit are reported as inclusions within the limestone. Veins of magnetite and follows in millions of tonnes (Rotzien, 1989, p. 4): pyrite are also present. An analysis reported by Goudge (1944) is given in Table l3. Selected Bibliogmpby Geolo&alSurwyofCan& 1 P-a 8.w 150 950 2 Proven 2.25 3.00 5.25 Graham, R.F’.E. (1908): Geology of the Coast from Total F’mwo Rerer.xa *0.2s 450 14.75 Kingcove Inlet to Dean Channel, induding Ad- 1 Probable 8.W 2.00 10.00 jacent Islands, in Summary Report 1908, page. 40. 2 Pmhble 17.25 18.75 3s.w Total Pmbeblc Rcrcrws 23.25 20.75 46.w Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Total Rrurvcs: 3.550 25.25 so.15 Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, pages 167,175. A total of 10 900 tonnes of limestone averaging 54.9 per cent CaO (98 per cent CaCO3) was quarried in 1952. NORTHERN COAST BELT The property has been sampled and diamond drilled by various operators since then. Laredo Limestone Ltd. has Laredo Limestone been exploring the property since 1983. Tbe company (Aristazabal Island) N-l-S: 103A/llE plans to commence quarrying in early 1991 at a rate of MINFILE No.: 103A 001 Latitude: 52’41’16” 8000 tonnes per day, to produce white limestone for Map No.: LO68 Longitude: 129”02’55 architectural and decorative purposes, primarily for the CaIifomia market. A mass of limestone enclosed in hornblende diorite, Selected Bibliography monzonite aad go&s outaops along the. northeast coast of Aristazabal Island from just north of Quarry Bay British Cobmbia Minishy of Enew, Mines andP&oleum southeastwards for 1.8 kilometres. The mass extends in- Resources: land for 5 kilometres. The limestone is intruded by a few northwest-trendin& steeply dipping granodiorite dikes Anonymous: Report on Limestone Deposits of the Pacific averaging a metre io width and by a small stock of Northwest; undated, unpublished report in In- hornblende diorite along the shore at Quarry Bay. A dustrial Mineral File, page. 5. northwest-trending fault cuts the limestone along Quarry Beale, S. (1987): Prospecting Report on the Lorioa Cti, Bay. North of Quarry Bay banding (bedding ?) strikes Assessment Report 16188. north-northeast and dips 55” to 60” to the west. To the

58 Geolqicat Swwy Bnmch TABLE 14 ANALYSES OF LIMESTONES IN THE NORTH COAST BELT

Laredo Limestone Ltd. (1988):prospectus for mining with somethin beds and lenticular massesof dolomite. lease,in IndustrialMineral Pile. The limestone becomespyritic and interbeddedwith McCammon, J.W. (1970):Laredo LimestoneQuarry; in schistover a 9-m&e width on the southwestmargin of Geology,ExpIoration and Mining in British Colum- the deposit.Several bands of mica schistandigwous rock bia 1969,pages 389-392 up to 9 metres thick occur within the lime&tone.An R&en, J.L. (1989):Report oo the Laredo Limestone analysisreported by Goudge(1944) is givenin Table14. claims, for DoImagecampbeu & Associates;in Prospectinghas outlined a ulne of purer limestone IodustrialMineral We. outcroppingalong the southwestshore of Kmnealon Lagoon,loo0 to 22X1metres northwest of the headof CmadaDepnment of Mines and Resources: KumealonInlet. The zoneis comprisedmostly of white, recryst&& fme to coarse-grainedlimestone with some Goudge,ME (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, blue to grey, coarse-grained limestone and minor Pall 5, page171. dolomiteas leases, streaks and beds up to 0.3metre thick. It strikes1M” for at least 1200mews and dips vertically to steeplysouthwest. The ulne is estimatedto have an Kumealon Inlet NTS: 103H/13W, averagestratigraphic thickness of 180metres. The lime- 103G/16E stone containsminor fme-graineddisseminated py&e h4INFILE No.: 103H 073 Latitude: 53’52’49” andrare tremolite.No dikesare evidentwithin the zone. Map No.: LO69 Longitude: 12Y59’46 The averageanalysis of eight 3-metrc chip samples reportedby Bovm (1958)is givenio Table14. A carbonatesequence 520 m&es thick outcropsat The depositwas examinedby Columbia Cellulose the headof KumealonInlet, on the eastside of GrenviUe CompanyLimited in 1958,during a searchfor local sour- Channel,54 kilometressouth-southeast Prince Rupert. cesof limestonefor its PrinceRupert pulp miU. The tit is boundedon the southwestby fme-grained biotitc schist and on the northeastby locally dioritized Selected Bibliography greenstoneschist. The depositstrikes ~ZJY for at least6.5 British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Petroleum kilometresand dips 5Y southwestto vertical. R%Wt%: The sequenceis composedmostly of fme to coarse- grained,white and bluish grey, high-calciumlimestone

Optn File 1992-18 59 Bowo, C.D. (1958): untitled, unpublished report in In- Lot 2224 (Banks Island) NTS: 103H/05W dustrial Mineral File. MINFIL.E No.: 103H 039 Latitude: 533’59” Rae, D.H. (1958): untitled, unpublished report in In- Map No.: LO71 Longitude: 129”55’03” dustrial Mineral File. Reyes, EA. (1985): Limestone Deposit, Kumealon A steeply dippiog bed of limestone 180 metres thick Lagoon, GrenviUe Channel; unpublished report in striking1300 to 140”outcropsonLot 2224onthenortheast Industrial Mineral File. coast of Banks Island, 12 kilometres northwest of Keecha Point. The limestone contains interbeds of schist that Geologd Survey of Canada: become numerous toward the edges of the deposit. The bed consists of erratically intermix@ed white, Roddick, JA. (1970): Douglas Channel - He&e Strait high-calciti limestone and dolomite. The dolomite oc- Map-area, British Colombia; Paper 70-41, pages curs as thin beds to large lenses that are more frequent 16-17,21. near the margins of the bed. Analyses reported by Goudge (1944) are given in Table 14. Cane& Deparbnent of Mines and Remuces: Selected Bibliography Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Canada Dqwbnent of Minesand Resounm: Part 5, pages 174,176. Parks, WA. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, namental Stones of Canada; Report 455 Volume 5, Part 5, page 173. pages 1% 173. Swamp Point (Portland Canal) NT% 1030/08E Limestone Bay hfINFILE No.: 1030 017 Latitude: 5558’29” (Despair Point, Banks Island) NTS: 103H/05W Map No.: LO72 Longitude: 130”02’30” MINFIL.E No.: 103H 038 Latitude: 53”26’31” Map No.: LO70 Longitude: 129’58’35” ThisoccurrenceislocatedatSwampPointontheeast shore of Portland CanaI, about 50 kilometres south of A band of limestone 240 to 300 metreswide outcrops Stewart. Swamp Point lies on the west side of a roof on Despair Point oo the northeast coast of Banks Island pendant ofvolcanics and sediments, covering a 14.4by9.6 and continues southeastward for 1.2 kilometers. It con- kilometre area, within the Coast plutooic complex. These tacts gneissic diorite and migmatite to the northweti and rocks strike north to northeast and dip 40” to 85” east. quartz diorite to the west. The limestone strikes loo” and At Swamp Point a bed of white to dark bluish grey, dips vertically. It is occasioaally split into two bands by medium to coarse-grained limestone 60 m&es thick pyrrhotite-impregnated quart.& and banded silicitied strikes ooo” and dips steeply to the east. It is folded and schid. cut byafewthindikes. Siliceous streakscontaiaingpyrite, The deposit is comprised mostly of white, coarse- actinolite and mica are. common throughout the lime- grained limestone and minor grey, medium-grained limestone. Analytical data reported by Goudge (1944) are stone with irregular interbeds and masses of dolomite. given ia Table 14. Analyses reported by Goudge (1944) are given in Table Limestone was produced from two quarries 14. operated by Granby Ming, Smelting & Power Company Ltd. behveen 1916 and 1922, for use as flax at the Selected Bibliography company’s copper smelter at Anyox A total of 257 300 Btitish Columbia Mini&y of Enem Mines and Pebwleum tonnes of limestone was quarried. RE-SOWCt?S: Selected Bibliography Mandy, J.T. (1930): Banks Island; Miter of Mines Camda Depament of Mines and Remuces: Report, page. 68. Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Canada Depwtment of Mines and Resources: Part 5, page 175.

Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Lawrence NTS: 114P/O9W, 1OE Part 5, pages 173,176. MINFILE No.: 114P 085 Latitude: 5975’19 Map No.: LO73 Longitude: 13650’00

60 Geolqid SurveyBmnch ‘A belt of metamorphic rocks engulfed in trending metasediientary wedge, 8 kilometres long, grawdiorite aad diorite extendsnorthward into British enclosedin dioritc. The limestonebed strikes lm and Columbiafrom Alaskafor 20 kilometres,varying up to 6 dips steeplysouthwest. It is relativelyfree of dikes but kilometresin width. In the vicinity of Mineral Mountain muchof the dolomite is si8ceou.x andRainy H&w, in theheadwaters of theKlehiai River, Various other occurrences of white and rose- the belt wn&s of limestone(marble), argillite quartdte, colouredlimestone, sometimes containing wavy lenses of gneissand schist with someslam. diorite, are reportedio this wedgeof metasediments. The limestoneis medium to coarsegmiaed and light greyto white in colour.It occursas beds up to 150metros SelectedBibiiograpby thick and as leasesand irregularmasses that form coo- GeologicalSttrwy of Gutada. spicuousbare knolls. Some garnet or epidote-quartz skam alterationis developedalong the mar&s of some R&lick, JA. (1970):Douglas Channel - Hecate Strait of the limestonebodies. Aa analysisof marblefrom the Map-area,British Columbii; Paper70-41 page22 Lawrence claim (Lot 955) is givenin Table14. Gmada Deputment of Mines and Resowce.c SelectedBibliography Btitish Columbia Minisbyof Enem Mines andPetroIeum Goudge, M.F. (1944):Limesbmw of Canada;Report 811, ResourccS: Fart 5, page173.

WaIsoa,K. DeI! (1948):The SquawCreek-Rainy Hallow Frederick Point (Digby Point) NTSz 103J/O8W Area; BuUetia25, pages20-21. MINFILE No.: 1035011 Latitude: 54”15’20 Map No.: LO76 Longitude: 13051’40 MallU0r NTS: 103H/OlE h4INFILE No.: 103H 063 Latitude: 53”06’29’ A band of Limestoneat least 180 metros wide is Map No.: LO74 Longitude: 12K’12’23 exposedat Frederick Point on the south end of Digby L&d, 15 Lilometressouthwest of Prince Rupert.It is A northwest-trending mass of thickIy bedded, endosedin graphiticschist within a broadbelt of Permo- coarse-gained,grey limestone 16 kiIometres long and up lliasicmetasediments.The limestonestrikes 115” to uo” to 900metres tide outcropsbetween Marmor Peakand aaddips 35”to 6Y aorthwes~. theheadwaters of the MusselRiver, 110 kilometres south- The depositis largelycomposed of white to bluish southeast of Kitimat. The deposit is enclosed in grey,medium-grab&, bandedlimestone containing thin hornblendeand epidote-richgneissic skam flanked by zonesof darker,more resistantsiliceous limestone that garnet-bearing schists, gneisses and hornblende- aremore numerous toward the margins of theband. Some plagiodaseamphiiIites. The Limestoneis intercalated secondarymica is developedio the limestone. with quartzmoes commonlycontaining chlorite, epidotc and muscovite.Ao exteasivestockwork of pegmatitecuts SelectedBibliography the limestone. GzmdaDqxwiment of Minesand Resowces: SelectedBibliography Goudge,ME (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, GeologhzlSutveyofCmclda: Part 5, page17s. Parks, WA. (1917):Report oo the Buikliog and Or- Roddick,J.A. (1970):Douglas Chaonel - HecateStrait namentalstones of Canada;Report 452, Volume 5, Map-area,dish Columbia;Paper 7041, pages11, pageslZ7,173-174. 22 Gale Point Colby Bay (Banks Island) NT% 103G/09 (Banks Island, Lot 797) NTS: 103H/05W MINFILE No.: 103G 046 Latitude: 5394’27” hfINFLE No.: 103H 062 Latitude: 53”15’40 Map No.: LO75 Longitude: 13OY5’33” Map No.: LO77 Longitude: 129”48’09” A bandof white, intermixedhigh-calcium limestone A band of white, coarse-grainedlimestone and aad dolomite, at least270 metres wide, outcropson the dolomite180 metreswide outcrops oa L.ot797 oa the east northeastshore of BaoksIsland, 8 lrilometresnorthwest coastof BanksIsland, 2.5 Mometres south of GalePoint. ofColbyBay, andcoatinaw inlandforsomedistance.Tbe The bed is containedin a roof pendantof gneissicdiorite bandand associated chert and &stone tie in a northwest- and migmatite within graocdiorite.The deposit strikes

Open File 1992-18 61 125”and dips steeplynortheast to vertical. Nameroes streaksparallelieg bedding are alsopresent. An analysis ieclusionsof countryrock arepresent along the northeast repottedby Goudge(1944) is given in ‘Fable14. edgeof the band.Siiuoas quartekefragments are some- timesfound floatieg in the limestone.The dolomite com- SelectedBibliography monly containsveins of white quartz CanadaDepartment of Minesand Resources: SelectedBibliography Goudge,M.E (1944):Limestones of CanaQ; Report811, Canada Deparbnent of Mines and Resources: Part 5, pages174,175. Parks, WA. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- Goudge,M.E (1944):Limestones of Cumda, Report811, namentalstones of Canada;Report 452,Volume 5, Part 5, pages171173. pagesZ&174-175.

Smith Island Princess Royal Island NTS: 103AjlSE (Columbia Cellulose) N-IS: 103J/OlE MINFILE No.: 103A 007 Latitude: 52”54’08” MINFILE No.: 103J 012 Latitude: 54”lO’lO Map No.: LO80 Longitude: 128”31’27” Map No.: LO78 Longitude: 130”12’10’ A gentlywestward dipping bed of limestone12 to l5 A limestoneband at least30 metreswide, enclosed metres thick is exposedfor 300 metres along the east in Pertno-Ttiassicbiotite-mascovite schists fogows the shoreof PrincessRoyal Island on Lots 146and 147.11 north shoreof ‘Rem TsadaiInlet on thewestside of Smith kilometres south of the village of SwansonBay. It is Islandfor 1.0kilometre. The bedstrikes Os(p and divs 53’ overlainby schistia contactwithgranite.Dies frequently northeast. intrude the limestone. The deposit is comprisedof bluish white, coarse- The deposit is composedof white, coarse-grained grainedlimestone that is interbeddedwith schist along limestone (marble) containingincbuions of schist and the mm&s of the band. The Limestoneis commonlv quartrite that parallel the bedding. Quartz veins and contan&atedwith thin bedsof highlysiliceous limestonk streaksof mica andpyrite are cmetnon. (calcareonsquart&e); somebrown mica, white tremolite An analysisof the purest limestone repotted by and pyrite are also present.An analysisreported by Goudge(1944) is givenin Table14. Goudge(1944) is givenin Table14. Limestonewas producedfrom hvo quarriesearlier Au extensionof the bandoutcrops 15 kilometresto this centuryto supply the pulp mill at SwansonBay. A the eastand continuesalong the north shoreof the inlet totat of 4540tonnes of limestonewas quarried between for 2.5 kilomeues.A quarrywas openedon this part of 1919and 1922. the deposit in 1950by Columbia CeUaloseCompany Limited but was abandonedin 1952because of the ha- SelectedBibliography puritiesin the limestone.Total productionbetween 1950 Canada Depamnent of Mines and Resources: and 1952amounted to 9460tonnes. SelectedBibliography Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada,Report 811, Part5, pages171,176. Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Goudge,Ml? (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Claxton NTS: 103J/OlE Part 5, pages174-176. MINFILE No.: 103J 033 Latitude: 54”05’30” Map No.: DO04 Longitude: 130”05’00” Hanmer Island A largedeposit of dolomite occurs300 metres from (Wbitecliff Island) NTS: 103J/OlE tide-water at Claxtoa, 24 kilometres south of Prince MINFILE No.: 1035032 Latitude: 54”03’25 Rupert.A samplecontained 20.0 per cent MgG (41.9per Map No.: LO79 Longitude: 13O”lSOO” centMgCO3) (McCammonand Hors, 1980,p. 4).

A limestoneband hosted in schist forms a cliff 30 SelectedBibliography metres high on the southern tip of Haomer Island Btitish Columbia Mimkby of Energy Mines and Petmleum (WhitecliffIsland), 29 kilometressouth of Price Rupert. RtTOlUCt?S: The rock is intenselyfolded and intrudedby dikes. The bandcontains medium to fme-grained,white to McCammou,J.W., and Hors, Z.D. (1980):Dolomite Oc- greyishlimestone sometimes displaying a pinkish cast. currencesin B.C.; unpublishedreport ia Industrial The deposit is contaminatedin places,with irregular Mineral File, page4. massesof white quartz of variablesire. Somesiliceous

62 Gmtqiezt Sumy Bmnch INTERMONTANE BELT

CHILLIWACK GROUP Chilliwack River - North Side NTS: 92H/O4E Tbe L4nverPeMsylvaaiaa to Lower Permiaacl& h4INFILE No.: 92HSWO89 Latitude: 4yO5’33” liwack Groupcomprises a seq”eoceof argillite,sihoae., Map No.: LO81 Longitude: 121”42’00” sandstone,chat Iimestoneand pyxxJastic rocks out- croppingoa both sidesof theFraser Valley horn Harrison SeveralLower Per&a limestonemembers are ex- Lake totheU.S.border.~distindlimcstoneunitshave posedia a sectionof interbeddedlimestone, greywadrc, beenrecognized witbin this sequence,a L.owerPeaesyl- [email protected] chertextend@ 1600me&s alongthe north vaoiaounit roughly30 metres thick and a Lower Permiaa sideof the ChiUiwackRiver, 19kilometres east of Vedder uoit commody 60 to 90 metresthick, but sometimesup Crossing.An upperlimestone member l20 mews thick to 600metres thick. The Lower Permianunit frequently is separatedfrom a lower memberof uakaow~thickoess occursashuomembcrsseparatedbyabedofargillite~ byabedofargilliteandgreyuaclc.ThclimwtoneJtrilres greywacke.The more si&piticantlimestone exposures northwestand dips 20”to 50”northeast. occur on the sooth end of Harrison Lake, on the north The two membersate ccnnposedof recrystalliud, bankof the FraserRiver nearAgas+ aadia the Cascade medium gray limestonewith someirregular masses and Mountainsjust southof Popkumaad on eitherside of the veinletsof white calciteaad quartz The upper member Chilliwack River. Thesedepxits are exteasivelyfaulted containsthin bedsand leasesof black chert.An analysis aad folded. of a samplefrom the uppermember is givenio Table15. Tbe Lower PeMsylvaaiaouaitisgenerally composed of mediumto dark grey,well-bedded, argillaceous lime- SelectedBibliography stone,while the Lower Permianunit is commonlycorn- Btitish Columbia Mbtisby oJEnm Minesand Pe@okum prisedof light grey,massive limestone tbat is sometimes Resouncr: dolomitic andfrequeady coatamiaated with nodules,Ien- sesand bands of chert. Mathews,W.H. aadMcCammoa, J.W. (1957): Caicareous Depositsof SouthwesternBritish Cohn&ii Bul- Sehted Bibliegrapby letin 40,pages 41-42 Geolo&aI Sumyof Ccudaz Chiiwack River - South Side N-IX 92H/O4E Monger, J.W.H. (1970): Hope Map-area,West Half, hUNFILE No.: 92HSWO88 Latitude: 49”04’35 British Columbia;Paper 69-47, pages 6-10 and ac- Map No.: LO82 Longitude: 121O42’38” companyingMap 12-1969. Monger,J.W.H. (1989): Hope, B.C.; Map 41-1989. A Lower Permiansequence of grey, reaystaUized limestonewith interbeddedgreywacke,chert sod argillite

Open Fde 199318 63 120 m&es thick is exposedfor 700 metres along the Mathews,W.H. (1947):Cakxeous Depositsof the Geor- northwestflank of a northeast-trendingknoU on thesouth gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, page50. sideof the ChiIliwackRiver, 18kilometres east of Vedder Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Cakxreous Crossing.The section consistsof an upper limestone Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbia; BuI- member60 metresthick, separatedfrom a lower Iime- letin 40, pages42-43. stone member 30 metres thick by 30 metresof cherty a@Iite and greywacke.The sequencestrikes northeast Canada Depwbnent of Mines and Resowres: and dipsvariably southeast. Both memberscontain chert bandsand lenses. The analysisof a chip sampleacross the Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, top M m&es of the upper limestonemember is givenin Part 5, page179. Table15.

Sekted Bibliography Agassis N-IS: 92H/O4W MINFILE No.: 92HSW123 Latitude: 49”13’17 British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Longitude: 121”47’55 Resowces: Map No.: LO84 Mathews,WH. (1947):CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- A limestonebed 9 to 21m&es thick outcropson the gia Strait Area; BuIIetin23, pages 48-49. southend of a northeast-trendingridge on the northbank of the FraserRiver, 3 k&me&s southwestof AgassizIt Mathews,W.H.andMcCammon,J.W.(1957):Calcarecms is exposedcm the crest of a smaIIwesterly plunging an- Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbia; BuI- ticline.The depositis overlainby siIiceoustuff or impure letin 40,page 41. quart&e and underlainby greenstone. The contactbe- tween the quart&e and the.limestone sties 075” and Popkum Limestone N-IX: 92H/O4E dips 45”north on the north Iimb of the fold. Three steeply M1NFIL.E No.: 92HSW009 Latitude: 49”11’57 dipping matic dikes striking OCCPto 060”are exposedin Map No.: LO83 Longitude: 121”43’05 severalquarries. The limestoneis fme grainedand light greyto bluish ‘ho Lower Permianlimestone beds outcropas two grey ia colour, with dark streaksand scatteredpyrite north-trendingbands, 300 me&s apart,along the baseof grains.Analytical resultsreported by Mathewsand Mc- Mount Cheamfor at least600 me&es. This locality is 13 Gammon(1957) are given ia Table15. kilometressoutheast of Popkumon the southside of the A total of 21,800tonnes of limestonewas produced FraserValley. The westernbed is at least24 metresthick from three quarriesbetween 1941 and 1958by Agassiz and the easternbed at least60 m&es thick. The Iime- Lime Quarry. stoneand interbeddedsiIiceous a@Iite strike 150”and dip M” northeast. Selected Bibliography Both beds are largely composed of dark grey, Bnlish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Petroleum medium-grainedlimestone containing some chert lenses RfZSOUrceS: and beds,and a few veinletsand massesof quartz and calcite.At the northend of the westernbed the carbonate Mathews,W.H. (1947):CaIcareous Deposits of the Geor- containsleases and thii beds of tine-grainedsiliceous gia Strait Area; Bulletin 23, pagesM-51. limestone. Analyses reported by Mathews and Mc- Mathews,W.H. andMcCammon, J.W.(1957): CaIcareous Gammon(1957) are in Table15. Deposits of SouthwesternBritish Columbia; BuI- Limestonewas produced by variousoperators from letin 40,pages 43-U. two quarriesin the westernbed between1917 and 1970. Most of the productioncame from a quarryon the north Canada Depmiment of Mines and Rexnmxs: end of the bed. A smaller quarrylies just to the south. Most of theIimestonewasquarried by FraserValley Lie Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Supply Company Ltd. between 1949 and 1970.Total Part 5, page177. productionbetween 1917 and 1970amounted to 103840 tonnes. Bear Mountain N-IX: 92H/05 Selected Bibliography MINFILE No.: 92HSW124 Latitude: 49”17’29” British Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Map No.: LO85 Longitude: 121”45’00 Resourres: A limestonebed at least76 metresthick is exposed for 1600m&es along the steepsouthwest face of Bear

64 Gcolq+t Swwy Bmnch Mountain on the south end of Harrison Lake, just east of at least 37 metrcs to 253 metres in thickness. The two Harrison Hot Spriogs. The limestone and the enclosiog members are separated by approximately 90 me&s of siliceous argiIIite strike northwest and dip steeply to vcr- s&stone, chert and volcanic rocks. tically. The bed pinches out to the northwest and is ~NII- The Stuart Lake belt extends northwestward for 420 cated by a mass of graoodiorite to the southeast. Uometrcs between latitudes 52%’ and 56’10’. A major The deposit is composed of medium to coarsc- Pennsylvanian toPermiancarbonateunit ranginginthick- grained, white to gray to brovm limestone with scattered ness from 460 to Moo me&s is exposed in the northern argilIaceous interbeds. An analysis reported by Mathews haIf of the belt, outcropping for some 230 Lilometres and McCammon (1957) is given in Table 15. along its eastern margin adjacent to the Pinchi fault. A syndinal fold preserves an overlying sequence of ribbon Selected Bibliography chert, argillite and greenstone over a length of 75 British Colwnbia Minisby ofEnt?m Mines and Petroleum kilometres between ‘Ikzeron and Tchento lakes, causing RtXWTLX the carbonate unit to outcrop as two distinct bands. Tbe western band outcrops for 160 kilometres between Gor- Mathews, W.H. andMcCammon, J.W. (1957): Calcareous don Lake and Leo Creek over widths of up to 9 Deposits of Southwestern British Colombia; Bul- kilometres. The eastern band extends northwestward Ietio 40, page 44. from the west end of Tezzeron Lake for l5O Uometres to the Omincca River and varies up to 6 kiIometrcs in width. CACHE CREEK GROUP The cmtimity of these limestone bands is affected by a few scattered intrusions and minor faulting. In places they The Cache Creek Group contains the most sig- are obscured by a thick cover of gIaciaI sediments. Tbe nificant resources of high-purity limestone in the interior limestone is typically massive, fme to medium grained and of the province. The group comprises massive carbonates bluish grcy in coloor; ia tbe vicinity of the Pm&i fault it ranging in age from Miiippiaa to Permian, within a is variably dolomitic. sequence of argillite, chert and matic volcania of Miiis- The Atlin Tcrrane trends northwest to west- sippian to Late Triassic age. The carbonates occur both northwest for 4COkiIometresbetween latitudes58”lO’ and in beds hundreds of metres thick forming extensive belts 60”40’. Significant carbonates arc contained in three for- of limestone or in thinner beds and lenses much more mations that have been subjected to a moderate amount IocaI in extent. of fokimg and faulting. The TesIia Formation, comprised The Cache Creek Group is exposed in three mostly of massive, pale grey weathering, dark grey to northwest-trending, fault-bounded belts referred to here black, fme-grained Limestone of Permiao age, outcrops in as the Cache Creek complex (southern), Stuart Lake belt sporadically distributed, northwest-trending bands large- (central) and the AtIin Termoe (northern). The Cache ly ccmfimed to the northeastern part of the AtIio Tcrmne Creek complex, the type area of the Cache Creek Group, (“Northeastern Facies Belt,” Monger, 1975). The unit trends north-northwest for 250 kilometres between varies from 600 metres to less than 300 metres in tbick- latitudes 5090’ and 52’40’. The belt is dominated by oess. Significant outcrops occur west of Dease Lake in the folded and faulted carbonates of the Middle to Upper French Range, and west and south of TesJin Lake. The Permian Marble Canyon Formation. This formation out- Horsefeed Formation is exposed in the southwestern part crops discontinuously for 175 kilometres between the of the AtIin Terrane (“Southwestern Facies Belt”). It coo- Thompson River and Sringboose Hi in the central belt tabs 900 to l5CKl metres of mostly massive, pale grey to of the Cache Creek Complex, over widths of up to 19 buff-grey, porcelaneous (cryptocrystalline), fossiliferous kiIomctres. The most sign&ant exposures are cootimed limestone of Late Miisis5ippian to Late Permian age. The to a band 10 to 15 kiIometres wide that begins in the formation outcrops extensively southeast of Nakina River Marble Canyon and continues north-northwest for 65 aad west of Atlin Lake near the Yokon border. The kilometres to Big Bar Creek. It is referred to here as the Marble Canyon - Big Bar band. The southern part of this Kedahda Formation is comprised mostly of chert and argiIIite with minor lenses and beds of volcanica and band is shown on Figure 9. Three kilometres north of carbonates outcropping throughout the Adin ‘Ikrrane. Marble Canyon the band contains approximately 400 The Kedahda carbonates form lenticular bodies raoging mctres of massive limestone with black chert stringers from small isolated pods to -es up to 800 me&es long underlain by at least 150 metres of basalt and chert (Mor- and 1OUmetres thick or more continuous beds up to 30 timer, 1987). Some m kilometres to the northwest two me&es thick. These carbonates consist largely of grey to distinct limestone members of the Marble Canyon For- brownish weathering, pale to dark grey, massive, fiae- mation outcrop west of Clinton (Fiie 10). The lower grained limestone of Mississippian and Early Permian member is comprised of 18 to 197 metres of well-bedded limestone with thin lenses and beds of cbert, while the age. upper member consists of massive limestone varying from

open File 1992-M 6.5 British Columbia

2 19 i lO40’ 9

121’45’ %We 9. G~x,’ of Marble range, Marble Canyon - Hat Creek Area (921/l& 13).

Ged@d Swwy Bmnch carbonatesof the Cache Creek Group generally Monger, J.W.H. (1975):Upper PaleozoicRocks of the comprisehigh-purity Limestones with uniform wmposi- Adin Terrace,Northwestern British Columbii and tion overconsiderable widths owing to their massivena- South-centralYukon; Paper 74-47. ture. III a few instancesthey become dolomitic over Monger, J.W.H. and McMiIIao, WJ. (1982):Bedrock narrowwidths. Contamination by stringersand nodules Geologyof Ashaoti (921)Map Area; Open FiIe of chert is not umuaI. The thickercarbonate units con- 980. tain intercalationsof argiUite,chert andvolcanic rocks. Souther,J.G. (1970):7ldseqaah and Juneau, Czsii Dii- t&t, British Columbia;Map l2b2A. SelectedBibliography South, J.G. (1971):Geology and Mineral Depositsof British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Peb&wn tiqaah Map-area;Memoir 362,pages 15-16. ReSOurCeX Tipper, H.W. (1961):Prince George,British Columbii; Map 49-1960. British Columbia Hydra and Power Authority (1981): Tipper, H.W. (1963):Taseko Lakes, British Coiumbiia; Dolomitization in the Marble RangeLimestones Map 29-1963. nearthe Hat CreekReject, PreliminaryEvaluation of PossibleSites of a Sourceof MagnesiumLime- Tipper, H.W. (1978):lhseko Lakes (920) Map-area; stone;Report SE 8117,in IndustrialMineral FiIe. OpenFile 534. British Columbia Hydra and Power Authority (1982): lkttin, H.P. (1980):Permian Rocks of the CacheCreek Geologyand Sampling of PossibleSorbent Sites for Group in the Marble Range,Clinton Area, British Hat Creek PressurizedFhddized Bed Combustion Cohmbii; Paper79-17. Study,Report SE 8221(revised 1983), in Industrial Mineral FiIe. Mortimer, N. (1987):GeologicaI Map of Part of 92I/U, CACHE CREEK COMPLEX OpenFile 1987-U. Marble Canyon Trettin, H.P. (1961):Geology of the FraserRiver VaIIey (Continental Lime) N-I-S: 921/13E betweenLillocet and Big Bar Creek Bulletin 44, MINFILE No.: 92INWO81 Latitude: 50”49’04” pagesU-19. Map No.: LO86 Longitude: 12159’11

Geological Surveyof Ganada: Limestone for lime manufacturingis quarried in Marble Canyon,5 kiIometressoutheast of PavilionLake, A&en, J.D. (1959):AtIin Map-area,British Columbia; 23kilometres west of CacheCreek. The quarryties on the Memoir 307,pages 22-23 and accompanyingMap southend of the MarbleCanyon - Big Bar carbonateband 1082A. (Figure9). Nearthe quarrythe stratastrike 120”and dip Armstrong,J.E. (1949):Fort St.James Map Area,Cassiar steeplysouthwest. and the CoastDistricts, British Columbia;Memoir In the vicinityof Marble Canyonthe depositis com- 252 posedof mostlylight greytowhite, fme-graiaedlimestone Campbell,R.B. andTipper, H.W. (1971):Geology of the containingsmne chert nodulesand veinletsof dolomite. Bonaparte Lake Map-area, B.C.; Memoir 363, Exposuresalong the Hat Creekvalley to the eastare light pages25-29 and accompanyingMap 1278A. greyto black,fme to medium-grainedlimestone sporadi- DuITelI,S. and McTaggart,KC. (1952):A&croft Map cally veinedwith quartzand calcite.Patches of chert and area,British Columbii; Memoir 262,pages 16, 18 dolomiteare frequent, especially aear the easternmargin and accompanyingMap 101OA. of the deposit. An analysisreported by McCammon Gabrielse,H. (1%2): Cry Lake, British Columbia;Map (1958)is givenin Table16. Current production from the 29-1962. quanyaverages54.1per centCaO (96.5 per centCaCO3), Gabrielse,H., Anderson,R.G., Leaming,S.F., Maesy, lessthan 1 per centMgO, 1 per centSiOz and 1 to 15 per J.L., Monger,J.W.H.,Thorstad, L. andTipper,H.W. cent R203 (J.M. Jordoa,General Manager,1989, per- (1977):Cry Lake; OpenFile 610. sonalcI3mmunication). GabrieIse,H. and Souther,J.G. (lW2): DeaseLake, Steel BrothersCanada Ltd. beganquarrying lime- British Columbia;Map 21-1962. stonein Marble Canyonon Indian Reserve3 in 1974,to Monger, J.W.H. (1969):Stratigraphy and Structureof supplyan adjacent lime manufacturingplant. The opera- Upper PaleozoicRocks, Northeast Dease Lake tion wastaken over by ContinentalLie Ltd. in October, Map-area,British Columbia;Paper 68-48 pages 19- 1988.The companyis currently (1990)mining 200 OGU 24. tonnesof limestoneaonuaUy. A total of 1.75million ton- neshas been quarried between 1975 and 1988.

Open File 1992-18 67 Btitish Columbia

Figure 10. Geology of Marble Range. West of Clinton (92P/M), SelectedBibliognapby The deposit lies oo the west margin of the Marble Canyon - Bii Bar carbonate band io the upper limestone British Columbia Mb&y of Enew, Mines and Petmleum member of the Marble Canyon Formation. The member ReSOWCtX consists of some 200 m&es of massive limestone with minor interbedded cbert and argillite. The unit is locally McCammon, J.W. (1958): Limestone Deposits of the A.&croft-Clinton Area; Minister of Mines Report, folded into a pair of anti&es that form two parallel, closely spaced ridges extending northwestward from ‘lko pages m-93. Mile Creek for between 14 and 15 kilometres. An overlying sequence of argillite, chert and matic flows is Canada Depwbnent of Mines and Resources: preserved along an intervening synclioe in the vaky between the two ridges. Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Development was focused 011 the westernmost ridge Part 5, pages 221222. on the west tlaok of tbe Fast Ridge anticline (Figure 10). The limestone horizon here strikes 1450 and dips 6y Kelley Lake (Columbia Lime) NT& 92P/O4W southwest. The deposit is comprised of massive, grey to MINFILE No.: 92P 171 Latitude: 51”04’52” white, medium-grained limestone that is commonly~~t by Map No.: LO87 Longitude: 121”49’07” a set of vertical joints striking 055”. chip sampling and diamond drill& have defined A limestone deposit has been investigated in the three zones with combined reserves of 38.1 million tonoes headwaters of Porcupine Creek, 8.5 kilometres north- at an average grade of 55.2 per cent CaO, 0.33 per cent northwest of Kelley Lake, 16 kilometres due west of MgO, 0.19 per cent SiOzO.12 per cent A1;?03 and 0.03 Clioton. per cent F&3. (WG. wahl Ltd., 1973, pp. 60-63).

open me 1992-18 69 Zone A contains 9.59 million tonnes of proven alternatinglighter and darkerlayers. The quarryexposes (measuredgeological) reserves down to the L5Smetre massive,fme-grained, light greyto white andgreymottled contour.Zone A - Northwestis the northwestwardexten- limestonecontaining scattered crinoid remains.The rock sion of Zone A as suggestedby extensivechip sampling. is contaminatedwith somethin quartzvein&s and dark It contains 24.5 million tonnes of possible (ierred) chertinclusions just abovethe quarryface. In thin section ~esei-vesdown to the ES-metre contour. Zone B lies the limestoneis comprisedmostly of calcite with some stratigraphicallybelow Zone 4 outcroppingalong its gminsand veinlets of quartz The averageof five awdyses northeastflank. It contains4.0 million tonnesof probable reportedby McCammon(1971) is givenin Table16. (indicated)reserves down to the 1585metre contour. Reservestotalliq 4.14 million tonnes of high and The propertywas initially exploredby Consolidated ultrahigh-calciumlimestone have been estimated in three African SelectionTrust Ltd. under an option agreement zones (Rourke, 1971b,pp. 7-9). Average grades are with Columbii Lime ProductsLtd. A program of chip quotedin Table16. sampI& 701m&es of diamonddrii and 125metres Zone A (qaany site),with estimatedreserves of 3.6 of percussiondrilling wascompleted by Selcoin 1973on million tonnes,ties cm the west flank of the easternan- the south end of District Lot 2203.Consolidated Non- ticline (westslope of the easternridge). Zones B and C Met&x Ltd. carried out somesampling and stripping lie along the axial trace of the westernanticline (First up to 1987. Ridge anticline),on the crest of westernridge. Zone B, with 270 000 tonnesof reserves,is situated700 metres SelectedBibliography southwestof zone4 while Zone C, containing270 @Xl British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Peboleum tonnesof reserves,is situatedl2OO m&es southof Zone Rt-SOUlKt?S: A. The ridge crestbetween zones B and C is estimatedto containa potentialof 36 miuion tonnesof limestoneover ConsolidatedNon-M&IL& Ltd (1988):untitled, un- a strike lengthof 600metres (Roarke, 1971b. p. 9). publishedreport in IndustrialMineral Pile. The property was initially explored by Jesmond W.G. Wahl Ltd. (1973):Limestone Deposit, LeaseD.L. LimestoneCorporation and RamsheadQuarries Ltd. in 2203,Clinton, British Columbia;unpublished report 1970.Malibu Metals Ltd. conducteddetailed mapping, in IndustrialMineral File. samplingand 305me&s of diamonddrii in 1971. SelectedBibliography

Trettin, HP. (1980):Permian Rocks of the CacheCreek Group in the Marble Range,Clinton Area, British cohmIbii; Paper79-17. McCammon,J.W. (1971): Jesmond Limestone Corpora- tion Quany; in Geology,Exploration and Mii in Jesmond Quarry British Columbia1970, pages 501-M2. Rourke,TA. (1971a):Submission to Malibu Metals Ltd. (Ramshead Quarries) N-IS: 92P/O4W (N.P.L.),Jesmond Lie. Products,Clinton Mii MINFILE No.: 92P 142 Latitude: 51”07’15 Division, Lillooet Land District; in Industrial Map No.: LO88 Longitude: 121’51’31” Mineral File. Rourke,TA. (1971b):Report OD.the Jesmond Limestone A quarryface 150 metres long was opened up on Lot Project of Malibu Metals Ltd. (NXL.), LiIIooet 1284along the east side of the Kostering Creek - Por- Land District, ClintonMining Division;in Industrial cupine Creek valley,14 kilometresnorthwest of KeUey Miieral File. Lake, 19kilometres west-northwest of Clinton. As with the K&y Lake deposit@X37), 5 kilometres to the southeast,this quarry is developedin the upper memberof the Marble CanyonFormation (Unit 4 - Fig- Trettin, H.P. (1980):Permian Rocks of the CacheCreek ure 10) which is folded into two anti&es along the Group in the Marble Range,Clinton Area, British westernmargin oftheblarble Canyon- BigBarcarbonate Columbia;Paper 79-17. band.At the quarrythe limestoneis cut by severalvertical faultsstriking 150”to 160”.One of thesebrings the limestone in EontaCtwith a sequenceof argiIIite and con- Bowden Creek (Sharan Quarry) NT% 92P/ME glomerateto the west. MINFILE No.: 92P 150 Latitude: Sl”O2’47 The deposit on Lot 12% is largely comprisedof Map No.: LO89 Longitude: 121”41’09” massive,tight grey to dark greyisbbrown limestone in

70 Gdogiid SurveyBmnch This deposit is situated OD the west side of the Cutoff generally strikes I35” and dips 35” to 78” southwest near VaIIey, 400 metres west of Highway l2 and 85 kilometres the southern margin of the deposit. southwest of CLinton. It is comprised of a limestone bed Various outcrops cm a steep-sided ridge north of hosted in a sequemx of matic flows, tti, chert and a@- Anderson Creek expose mostly well-bedded, dark grey lite 460 metres thick that underlies the Marble Canyon and less commonly Iigbt grey to white, fme-grained, rarely Formation (Trettin, 1980). medium to coarse-grained limestone, frequently display- The limestone bed strikes 017” over an exposed ing black or white streaks. The limestone is locdly veined length of 660 metros aad dipsverticaUy. It varies up to 170 by white calcite. Three buIk samples, each roughly 3OU mews in exposed width. Several vertical faults cut the kiIogmms in size, were cdected from each of three sites deposit. along the top of the ridge by B.C. Hydro. Average Thebediscomprisedoffme-grained, bhdshgreyaad analyses are reported in Table 16. white mottled limestone. Analyses reported by Goudge The deposit was mapped aad samp1edbyB.C. Hydra (1944) and McCammon (195s, 1967) are given in Table in 1981 and 1982 during a search for dolomite to scrub 16. The deposit is estimated to contain reserves in - gases from a proposed coal-fued electrical generating 900 Ooo tonnes of high-parity limestone (George Cross plant. News Letter No. 220,1969). A smaIl quarry was opened up on this deposit some- SeIected Bibliogpphy time before 1958. Mutual Mii & Refe Ltd. was British Columbia Mb&by of w Mines andPebvk?um considering putting the property back into production in R.?SOlU‘C~: 1969. British Columbii Hydra and Power Authority (1981): Selected Bibliography Dolomitization in the Marble Range Limestones Britkh Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and PetmIeum near the Hat Creek Project, Preliminary Evaluation Resounes: of Possible Sites of a Source of Magnesium Lime- stone; Report SE 8117 addendum, pages l-3, in McCammon, J.W. (1958): Limestone Deposits of the Industrial Mineral File. Ashcroft-clinton Area; Miier of Mines Report, British Cobxmbii Hydra and Power Authority (1982): pages w-93. Geology aad Sampling of Possible Sorbeat Sites for McCammon, J.W. (1967): Sharan Quarry; Miter of Hat Creek Pressurized Fluid&d Bed Combustion Miies Report, page 309. Study, Report SE 8221 (revised 1983). pages 3-l and 2, in Industrial Mineral Ne.

Langley Lake (White Rock Creek) NTS 921/12E Trettin, H.P. (1980): Permian Rocks of the Cache Creek h4INFILE No.: 92lNWO98 Latitude: 50”40’35 Group in the Marble Range, Clinton Area, British Map No.: LO91 Longitude: 121033’51 co1umbii; Paper 79-17. An elongate, north-trending, fault-bounded block of Canada Deputment of Mines and Resources: Marble Canyon limestone forms a series ofbluffs between White Rock Creek and Blue Earth Creek OII the east side Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, of the upper Hat Creek valley, 26 kilometres east- Part 5, pages 224.225. southeast of Lillooet (Figure 9). The block is 9.5 kilometres long and up to 1.7 Lilometres wide. Bedding Anderson Creek strikes 0100 to 055” (commonly 2Y) and dips 2p to 86” (Chipuin Mountain) N-l-s: !921/12 northwest. MINFILJZ No.: 92INW 097 Latitude: SO”43’06 Mapping and sampling over the northern haIf of the block revealed mostly light to dark grey, rarely white or Map No.: LO90 Longitude: 121’41’48 black, massive to bedded, fme to medium-grained limestone, magnesiaa limestone and dolomite, with variable Limestone outcrops for 6 kikxaetres along a westerly trendiog ridge 011 the southeastern tlaek of Chip&e amounts of white calcite as blebs, veinlets and streaks. Mountain, 17 kiIometres east-northeast of LiIIooet. A Rare beds of quart&e, shale aad sedimentary breccia are present within the carbonates and wme of the limestone mass of limestone of the Marble Canyon Formation ties along the south contact of the Mount Martley and dolomite is quite siliceous. The analysis of a sample gramxliorite stock (Fwe 9), overlain to the south by of dark grey, fme-grained limestone taken just south of andesite of the Spences Bridge Group. The limestone White Rock Creek near the north end of the block is given in Table 16. Five 2O-kilogram bulk samples coUected far-

Open File 1992-18 71 Bn’tish Columbia

TABLE 17 ther south returned the following range in compositions ANALYSES OF BULK SAMPLES (ii per cent) (B.C. Hydra 1982, Addendum, Samples 30 FROM ROBERTSON CREEK DEPOSIT to 35): CaO, 31.77 - 5332; MgO, 1.91- 10.59; SiO& 279 - 2720; AhOh 0.02 - 0.03, F~O3,0.10 - 0%; TiO& 0.02 - 0.03;Na20,0.02-0.10;Kz0,0.02-0.03;Pz0s,0.02-0.07, L.O.I. 31.96 - 40.18. 44.08- 5555 52.02 This is another of several deposits mapped and 1.68 - 9.97 4.09 156 - 3.n 231 sampled by B.C. Hydra between 1981 and 1983 during a Al203 0.02 _ 0.03 0.02 search for dolomite in the Hat Creek area to scrub gases Fe*03 0.09 - 0.14 O.lU TlO* 0.02 - 0.03 0.02 from a proposed coal-fired electrical generation plant. NSlO 0.02 - 0.11 0.035 KZO 0.02 - 0.03 0.02 Selected Bibliography PZ4h 0.02 - 0.06 0.027 1g.h 3729 - 41.9s 39.69 selected Bibliography

British Columbi Hydra and Power Authority (1981): British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Peboleum Dolomitization in the Marble Range Limestones ResOWCeS: near the Hat Creek Project, ReIimbwy Evaluation of Possible Sites of a Source of Magnesium Lime- British Columbii Hydra and Power Authority (1981): stone; Report SE 8117 addendum, pages l-3, in DoIomitization in the Marble Range Limestones Industrial Mineral PiIe. near the Hat Creek Project, Preliminary Evaluation of Possible Sites of a Source of Magnesium Lime- British Columbia Hydra and Power Authority (1982): stone; Report SE 8117 addendum, page 4, in In- Geology and Sampling of Possible &bent Sites for dustrial Mineral PiIe. Hat Creek Pressurized Phddized Bed Combustion Study; Report SE8221 (revised 1983), pages>1 and British Columbia Hydra and Power Authority (1982): 2 in Industrial Mineral We. Geology and Sampling of Possible Sorbent Sites for Hat Creek Ressurizcd Phddizd Bed Combustion StudF Report SE 8221 (revised 1983), pages3-4and Robertson Creek N-l-S 921/13E 5, addendum 1, pages 1 to 5, in Industrial MiieraI MINFILE No.: 92INWO99 Latitude: 5052’05” FUe. Map No. LO92 Longitude: 12194’49 Cornwall Creek (Ashcmft) N-l-s: 92I/IlW Limestone outcrops along several low ridges just cast MISFILE No.: 921NW 079 Latitude: 50’43’31” of Robertson Creek, 32 kikxnetres northeast of L.iIIooet. The deposit lies near the eastern margin of the Marble Map No.: LO93 Longitude: 121”19’59” Canyon - Big Bar carbonate band (Figure 9). The strata A lens of limestone forms a north-trending, double- arecut byanortb-trendingfatdt.Beddingwestofthefault crested hU,400 m&es long and 180 metres wide, on the strikes 108” to 152” and dips 300 southwest to vertical. To the east bedding strikes CW to 14’p and dips 63” south- north side of CornwaII Creek, 2.5 kihxnetres due west of west to 76” northwest. Ashcroft. The leas lies near the eastern margin of the Detailed mapping and sampling over a 1 by 15 CacheCreekcomplex,withiaamelangeofchert, a@IIite, kilometre area along the ridge tops encountered mostly limestone, greenstone and ultramatic blocks of Pennsyl- light gr’ey to dark grey, rarely black or white, fme to vanian to Triassic age. A sequence of shale, a@ite and medium-grained, commonly massive Limestone. Thin- quart&e 46 metres thick, striking 125” and dipping 6y bedded or brecciated limestone with a few irregular zones northeast is exposed along the hill’s central depression. of tight grey, fme to medium-g&& dolomite and mag- The hill is largely underlain by medium-grained, nesian limestone up to 7 metres thick is present locally. uniform light grey to mottled limestone with a few scat- These zones commonly overly fine-grained thin-bedded tered streaks of chert and some irregular patches of limestone strata. The dolomite is siIiceous in a fewinstaa- dolomite that are more frequent on the north side of the ces. Veins and blebs of white calcite occur sporadically deposit. Thin fb of rusty weathering caIcarwus shale throughout the carbonates. The range and average com- are ah present in the limestone. An analysis reported by positions of ten 20-kilogram samples collected from McCammon (1958) is given in Table 16. various outcrops are given in Table 17 (B.C. Hydra 1982, Selected Bibltography addendum, Samples 20 to 29): Mapping and sampling were carried out by B.C. Btidsh Columbia Minishy of Energy, Mines andPetroeum Hydra during 1981 and 1983. RtTOUrCeS:

72 Gcdogcal Sumy Bmnrlr Dolomite and magnesia limestone occur in in- McCammon, J.W. (1958): Limestone Deposits of the dividual beds up to 2 metres thick lying, betweenag- A&croft-Clinton Area; Miter of Mines Report, glomerateand limestone.Along the road-cuthaIf of the pages91-93. exposedcarbonate is limestoneand limestonebreccia, while the remaining half is dolomite breccia. The Canada Depamnent of Mines and Resowres: dolomite brecciais dark greywith angular,black clasts. The limestoneis medium to dark grey and commonly Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, mediumgraincd, rarely coarse pined. Someof the lime- Fart 5, pages183-184. stonebreccia containsdolomite dasts. An analysisof fine-grab& dolomitefrom the road-cutis givenin Table Clinton Limestone & lbfa N-l-S: 92P/O4E 16. hfINFIL.E No.: 92P 079 Latitude: 51’04’38 B.C. Hydra mappedand sampledthe occurrencein Map No.: LO94 Longitude: 121038’15 1981. Limestoneof the Marble CanyonFormation out- S&&d Bibliography sops alonga seriesof bluffs on the north side of Cutoff British Cobunbia Mbdsbyof Energy Mines and Pebvleum Valley,4kilometressoutbwestofClinton,neartheeasternResowrec marginof the Marble Canyon- Big Bar limestoneband. A tia depositlies 370 me&a to the southeast. British Columbia Hydra and Power Authority (1981): The bluffsexpose Iight to darkgrey,very fme-grained Dolomitization in the Marble Range Limestones limestone o&cmaUy contaminatedwith small chert nearthe Hat CreekProject, Prelimimwy Evaluation nodules.An analysisreported by McCammon (1958)is of PossibleSites of a Sourceof MagnesiumLime- givenin Table16. stone;Report SE 8117addendum, page 4, in In- This limestonewas quarriedand burnt in a kiln on dustrialMineral File. site to producelime, sometimeprevious to 1944. British Columbii Hydra and Power Authority (1982): SelectedBibliography Geologyand Sampliog of PossibleSorbent Sites for Hat CreekPressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion British Columbia Ministy of Energy Mines andPebvleum Study;Report SE8221 (revised 1983), pages3-5 and Resources: 7, in IndustrialMineral File. McCammon, J.W. (1958):Limestone Deposits of the A&rot%Cliaton Area; Minister of Mines Report, Maiden Creek Nl-Sz 921/13E pages90,93. MINFILE No.: 92INWlOO Latitude: 5055’29” Map No.: LO95 Longitude: 12133’33 Cam& Depcubnent of Mines and Resoun%: Fme-grained,grey limestone of the PermianMarble Go&e, M.E (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Canyonformation outcropsat the north end of a small Part 5, page22.5. ridge trending north-northwestin the headwatersof Maiden Creek,38 Mometres northeastof Liiooet (Fe- Pavilion Mountain NT% 921/13E we 9). Beddingis subparallelto theridge. Three hundred MINFILJZ No.: 92INWlOl Latitude: SO”59’15 metresfarther south along the sameridge the limestone Map No.: DO05 Longitude: 121”43’59 is fme grained,slightly siliceousand magnesiaa.B.C. Hydra sampledthe ridge in 1981.Analyses are givenin Limestoneand dolomite are exposedin a road-cut Table16. 3850 metres west-northwestof the summit of Pavilion SelectedBibliography Mountain (Mount Carson),36 kilometresnorth-northeastof Lillooet. This showingis situatednear the western Btitish Columbia Minisbyof Enem Mines and Petroleum margin of the Marble Canyon- Big Bar carbonateband Rl?SOUtS?S: (Figure9). Variousexposures along the road-cutand to the north andwest show carbonate beds up to l30 metres British Columbii Hydra and Power Authority (1981): thick containedin a sequenceof massivegreemtone, Dolomitization in the Marble RangeLimestones agglomerate,shale, pebbly slate and sandy phyllite. Bed- nearthe Hat Creek Project,Preliminary Evaluation ding along the road-cutstrikes 157”and dips 76” southof PossibleSites of a Sourceof MagnesiumLime- west. stone;Report SE 8117addendum, page 3, in In- dustrialMineral FiIe.

Open Pile 1992-18 73 Btitish C&,,,bia

STUAJ(I LAKE BELX Limestone has been produced from three quarries Dahl Lake Quarry N-I-S: 93Gf 14W jest north of Dahl Lake by Kokanee Contracting Limited (Northrock Industries) since I%& to supply pulp mills in MINFILE No.: 93G 032 Latitude: 53’47’31” the Prince George area. A total of 527 Xl0 tonnes of Map No.: LO96 Longitude: 123”17’11” limestone had been quarried up to the end of 1988. The D&J Lake quarry lies near the eastern margin Selected Bibliography of the Stuart Lake belt, 35 kilometres west-southwest of British Columbia MbuktyofEnerg~ h4ines~dPeb&~m Prince George. Anorthwest-trend&wedge-shapedarea Resoums: of limestone up to 2.8 kilometres wide and 4.3 kilometres long outnops along the northeast side of Dahl Lake. The northeast margin of the deposit is faulted against argillite, McCammou, J.W. (1968): Da61 Lake Quarry; Miter of Mimes Report, pages 310-311. greywacke and and&tic to basaltic volcanics of the T&a Group. To the west and south the limestone is buried McCammou, J.W. (1970): Dahl Lake Quany; in Geology, under glacial till. Bedding generally dips steeply west to Exploration and Mining in British Colon&ii 1969, vertical, although at ooe point it strikes us” and dips 71’ pages 393-395. northeast. The limestone is black to light grey and medium to Vanderhoof N-I-S 936113 fme grained with abundant crinoid remaios. In thin set- MINFILE No.: 93G 008 Latitude: 53”59’35” tion the rock displays a few rounded quartz grains and Map No.: LO97 Longitude: 123”44’49” some thin quartz veinlets. The limestone occasionally contains northwest-treading chert hands up to 0.6 metre Several outcrops of limestone project above the sur- thick that sometimes group together to form zones up to rounding cover of fluvioglaciaJ sediments on Lot 5415,3 9 metres wide. Cream-&owed masses of magoesian kilometres north of the Nechako River and 19 kilometres limestone are sometimes present. Analyses of samples east-southeast of Vanderhoof. The deposit ties at the taken by McCammon (1970) are given in Table 18. western margin of the Stuart Lake belt. TABLE 18 ANALYSES OF CACHE CREEK LIMESTONES IN THE STUART LAKE BELT The largestexposure outaops over a 300 by 140 SelectedBibliography m&e area.DriIIieg in 1977indicated the depositcoa- Bridsh Gkntbia Mbdmyof Enm Mines and Pebwkum times to the south and west under a layer of sandsod R.?SoUrCeS: gravel up to 15 metres thick. Togetherthe Iimestone outcrop and subcropcover a total arca of 400 by 240 McCammon,J.W. (1970): NemsIie River Area; io Geol- m&es. DriUiag on outcrop hasinterseded continuous ogy, Explorationand Mii in British Columbii limestoneto a vertical depth of at least35 me&s. Bed- 1969,page 3!ZZ ding strikesnorth to northeastand dips 80”to vertical. The depositis comprisedof massive,white to dark grey Limestonecontaining minor quartz veinlets a few John Claims (Necoslie River) NTS: 93K/OBE millimeues to a few centimetresthick that are randomly MlNFILE Nn.t 93K 051 Latitude : 5452’05” distrhted throughoutthe Limestone.A few veinletsof Map No.: LO99 Longitude: 124’05’53” yellow carbonate(dolomite ?) are also present.The adysis of a grabsample is reportedin ‘Ihble18. Samples Limestoneis e-d for 650metres aIong the base of cuttingsfrom 25 percussionholes drilled ie a l3 by 5.5 of a slopeon thenortheast side of theNecostie River road, metreareaonthesouthsideofthemaiaoutcropaveraged l3 kilometressoutheast of Fort St.James.The deposit lies 53.75 per cent CaO (95.93per centC&0$ and 2.83per on the southwestmargie of the westernlimestone baod centSiOz (SmedIey,1989). The high silica is reportedto of the StuartLake belt, nearits southend. be dueto surfacecontamination. The depositis estimated The deposit is comprised mostly of light grey, to contaiil at least5 mUion tonnesof limestone(Smedley, mediumto fme-gmiaedlimestone that becomesblack ia 1989). a few places.The rock is cut by white calcitevebdets. A This property has been periodically sampled, few chertyiacIu.sioas are also present.The analysisof a trenchedand driUedby Albert SmedIeyup to 1988. samplecoIIeded by McCammon(1970) is givenin Table 18. SeIestedBibIIogrnpby This deposit was pardaIly stripped and drilled by Bddsh Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pemleum Domtar ChemicalsInc. between1968 and 1970. R.SOlUCeS: S&&d BibIIograpby Hors, ZD. (1978):correspondence to A.G. SmedIeyin Btidsh Cdwnbia Minisbyof EMgK Mines and Peoolewn IndustrialMiaeraI FiIe. Resowres: Smedley,A.G. (1989):correspondence with accompanying mapsand assays to R F& in IndustrialMineral McCammon,J.W. (1970):NecosIie River Area; in Geol- File. ogy, Exploration and Mii io British Columbii 1969, page393. NecosIle River NT3 93K/08E MINFILE No.: 93K 085 Latitude: 54’23’01” Stuart Luke south Map No.: LO98 Longitude: 124”07’51” (Fort St. James) N’l-S: 93K/O8W MINFIU No.: 93K 092 Latitude: 5427’37” A massof limestoneforms a ridge 150mctres high Map No.: LlOO Longitude: 124”17’47” extendingsoutheastward for 1.25 kilometresalong the north side of the NecosIieRiver road, 10 kilometres Limestoneoutcrops over a length of 300 metresoa southeastof Fort St. James.The depositlies along the thesouth side of a kooII 15metres high on the northshore southwestmargin of the westernlimestone band of the of StuartLake 35 kilometresnorthwest of Fort St.James. StuartLake belt, nearits southend. The deposit,up to 76 metres wide, is situatedon the The Umstone is mostly light grey, medium to fme southwestmargin of the westernLimestone band, which gmioedand we8 fractured.Irregular masses of chert2 to outcropsalong the northeastshore of the lake. 15 cmtimetres thick and up to u) centimetreslong are The depositis composedof light to dark grey,very fairly common.Ao irregularbreccia moe is exposedin fme grained,well-fractured limestone that is frequently the quarry.Analyses reported by McCammon(1970) are cut by calcite veinletsup to 1.3 centimetresthick. The givenin Table18. limestonecontains some black and rust-stainedcherty A small amount of limestonewas produced from a argiIIite lenses.An analysisreported by McCammon quarryon the northwest endof the ridge,100 metres off (1968)is givenin Table18. the road,sometime prior to 1%9. A small amountof limestonewas producedfrom a quarrylocated 46 metrcsnorth of the road that leadsto Fort St. Jamesalong the north shoreof StuartLake.

open me 1992-H 75 Selected Bibliography A limestonedeposit outcropsmostly to the west’of British Columbia Minishy of Enew, Mines and Peb&wn Kwanika Creek, just northeast of Tsayta Lake, l35 Rf!SOUrCtT: kibmetres northwestof Fort St. James.It lieswithin the easternlimestone bandof the Stuart Lake belt, whichis McCammon,J.W. (1968): Limestone near Fort St.James; approximately3.8 kilometreswide alongthe westside of Minister of Mines Report,page 310. KwanikaCreek. Analysesreported by Armstrong (1949)are given in Table18. Stuart Lake North NT3 93K/O8W MINFJLE No.: 93K 023 Latitude: 5428’30 SelectedBibliography Map No.: LlOl Longitude: 124”19’27” Geological Survey of Canada..

A small quarry90 m&es northeastof Stuart Lake, Armstmn& J.E. (1949):Fort St.James MapArea,Cassiar 6.3 kilometres northwest of Fort St. James, exposes and the CoastDistricts, British Columbia;Memoir mediumgrey, fme-grained, well-fractured limestone with 252,pages 34-36. scattered crinoid remains. The deposit lies on the southeastmargin of the western limestoneband. An analysisreported by McCammon(1968) is givenin Table Bralorne N-E: 93N/llW 18. MINFILE No.: 93N 198 Latitude: 55”34’04 Map No.: L104 Longitude: 125‘23’37” SelectedBibliography British Columbia Ministy ofEnergy, Mines andPetroleum Limestoneoutcrops extensively in the vicinity of the R&?UrCeS: Bralome mercury mine just west of Silver Creek, 145 kilometresnorthwest of Fort St. James.The depositis McCammon,WJ. (1968):Limestone near Fort St.James; situatedwithinthe easternlimestone band adjacent to the Minister of Mines report, page310. Pichi fault.The belt is up to 2 kilometreswide to thewest of SilverCreek, which flows alongthe fault. The limestone is variably brecciatedand white to Indata Lake N-I-S: 93N/O6 blue-grey to huff in c&or. Analyses reported by MINFILE No.: 93N 186 Latitude: 55’17’34” Armstrong (1949)are givenin Table18. Map No.: L102 Longitude: 125”15’54” SelectedBibliography A massof limestone outcropsjust west of Indata GeologiialSurvey of Canada: Lake on LimestoneRidge near the southend of the lake, 120kilometres northwest of Fort St. James.The deposit Armstrong,J.E. (1949):Fort St.JamesMapArea,Cassiar lieswithin the eastemlimestone band of the StuartLake sod the CoastDistricts, British Colombia;Memoir belt, adjacentto the Piichi fault zone.The belt is ap- 25%pages 34-36. proximately6 kilometreswide in the vicinity of Indata Lake. The limestone is variably dolomitized along the Pinchi Lake N’TS: 93Kj09W Pinchi fault due to hydrothermalalteration. Analyses MINFILE No.: 93K 022 Latitude: 5477’30” reportedby Armstrong(1949) are given in Table18. Map No.: L105 Longitude: 12454’30

Selected Bibliography Variousexposures of limestoneoccur in the vicinity of the Piichi Lakemercury mine, 25 kilometresnorthwest Geologiod Survey of Canada: of Fort St. James.The limestoneis containedin a sequence of chert, argillite and quart&e that outcrops Armstrong,J.E. (1949):Fort St.James Map Area, Cassiar along the northeastside of Pi&i Lake betweenthe and the CoastDistricts, British Columbia;Memoir westernlimestone band and the Piichi fault. It varies 252, pages34-36. from white to blue-greyto buffin colour.Near the Pm&i fault it is variably dolomitic. Analyses reported by Armstrong (1949)are in Table18. Kwanika Creek NTS: 93N/6E, 11E MINFILE No.: 93N 187 Latitude: 5559’47 SelectedBibliogmpby Map No.: L103 Longitude: 12521’15 Geological Surwy of Canada:

76 Geol@al Sumy Bmnch Armstrong, LE. (1949): Fort.%. JamesMap Area, Cassiar ‘E&ha Bay (‘lhgish Lake) N-I-S: 104M/16E and the Coast Districts, British Columbia; Memoir MINFILE No.: 104M 033 Latitude: 59”58’29” 25% pages 34-36. Map No.: L108 Longitude: 134”08’07”

Vital Creek (BB Claim Group) NTS: 93N/llW Lower Pennsylvaoiao to Upper Permian limestone of MINFILE No.: 93N 199 Latitude: 55’43’06 the Horsefeed Formation outcrops over an extensive area Map No.: L106 Longitude: 125‘28’12 surrounding T&ha Bay on Taku Arm. ‘I&ha Bay lies near the western margin of a belt of limestone with minor Limestone is exposed on Silver Creek, just north of matic flows and lithic tuff at least 12 kilometres wide that its confluence with Xtal Creek 160 kilometres northwest extends northwestward from Atlin Lake, across Taku of Fort St. James. The deposit lies within the eastern Arm of Tagish Lake into the Yukon Territory. The lime- limestone band of the Stuart Lake belt. Locally, the belt stone is estimated to be between 900 and L500 m&es varies up to 760 m&es in width. thick. The analysis of a sample of blue-grey limestone live distinct carbonate members have been recog- reported by Armstrong (1949) is given in Table 18. nized. The most extensive member consists of variably recrystallized, medium to pale grey, massive bioclastic Selected Bibliography limestone, middle to late Pennsylvanian in age. This lime- Geolqiad Surveyof Canada: stone is sometimes contaminated with black nodular cbert. A less extensive overlying Permian limestone mem- Armstrong, J.E. (1949): Fort St. James Map Area, Cassiar ber contains massive, locally thick to medium-bedded, and the Coast Diitricts, British Columbii; Memoir dark grey to black limestone that is rarely dolomitic. 252, pages 34-X. Selected Bibiiogmpby ATLIN TERRANE Geologiccrl Survey of Cam&z Nakina River NTS: 104N/2,7,8 MINFILE No.: 104N 094 Latitude: 59”ll’OO” Monger, J.W.H. (1975): Upper Paleozoic Rocks of the Map No.: L107 Longitude: 132”44’00 Adin Terrane, Northwestern British Columbia sod South-central Yukon; Paper 74-47, pages 27-28. Limestone of the Horsefeed Formation underlies an extensive area stretching for 35 kilometres northeastward French Range NT% 1045/9,10,16 along the Nakina River and extending for 25 kilometres MINFILE No.: 104J 042 Latitude: 58”40’00” southeastward from the river to just southwest of Nakina Map No.: L109 Longitude: 130”35’20 Lake. A few mafic flows and tuffs are present within the limestone. The unit is estimated to be L500 metres thick Various parallel bands of limestone of the Teslio in this region. Near Nakina Lake the strata are folded into Formation extend west-northwest from Little Dease a series of large, northwest-trending folds. Creek aad Killamey Creek, along the French Range, west The formation includes a middle Pennsylvaniao to of Dease Lake. The bands are the result of repeated middle Permian limestone member at least 900 metres folding of the Teslin Formation and underlying thick. This unit is composed of pale grey to pale buff-grey, greenstones and pyroclastics of the French Range Forma- massive, porcelaneous, crinoidal and foraminiferal cal- tion. The most significant band outcrops for 30 kilomehes care&e that is rarely dolomitic. Oolites and chert northwestward to the Tuya River, along the west limb of nodules are also quite rare. This member is overlain by a syncline. The limestone unit is estimated to be at least 180 m&es of well-bedded, pale grey to dark grey, very 300 m&es thick. fme-grained d&tat limestone and dolomitic limestone, The bands are generally composed of fine to which is in two overlain by foramioiferal, calcarenite of medium-graioed, massive. to bedded, dark grey limestone Late Permian age. that has undergone variable. amounts of dolomitization and minor silicitication. Some silica nodules and thin Selected Bibliography chert layers (less than 1 ccntimetre) are present. Geologicrrl Surveyof Cpn& Rare argillite interbeds also occur. The limestone becomes ttiaceous at the contact with the ooderlyiag Monger, J.W.H. (1975): Upper Paleozoic Rocks of the French Range Formation. Atlin Terrane, Northwestern British Columbii and South-central Yukon; Paper 74-47, page 17. Selected Bibliography Geolo@cal Survey of Canada

Opt File 1992-18 77

Monger, J.W.H. (1%9): Stratigraphy and Structure of bonates including pale brownish grey, porc&neous lime- Upper Paleozoic Rocks, Northeast Dease Lake stone, fasiliferoas, cahxeaite and fme-grained, black Map-area, British Columbia; Paper 68-48, pages limestone. The limestone is recrystallized in places and 19-24. heavily veined with calcite. Monger, J.W.H. (1975): Upper Paleozoic Rocks of the Atlin Terrane, Northwestern British Columbia sad Selected Bibliography South-central Yukon; Paper 74-47, page 5. Geolo@l Sunvyof Canada

Pslin Lake N-l-S: 104N/15, 16W Monger, J.W.H. (1975): Upper Paleozoic Rocks of the MINFILJZ No.: 104N 097 Latitude: 59”50’35 Atlia Terraae, Northwestern British Columbia and south-central Yukon; Paper 74-47, page u-14. Map No.: LllO Longitude: 1325?5’05

Limestone of the T&in Formation forms several HARPER RANCH GROUP prominent, northwest-treadingridgesbetweenTeslinaad The Harper Ranch Group is comprised of a se- Gladys lakes. The limestone and the enckxiag, less resis- quence of argillite, sandstone, conglomerate, chert and tant chert, argiIlite and matic flows of the Kedahda and voIcanic tlows and elastics of Devonian to Triassic age French Range formations are warped into a series of containing limestone leases of Miiissippian to Late Per- northwest-trending folds with near-vertical axial surfaces. mian age. The group was initiaUy mapped as tbe Cache The limestone is up to 300 me&s thick. The most Creek Group (Co&i&i, 1948; Jooeg 1959) aad later prominent limestone band extends northwest from Snow- referred to as the Thompson assemblage (Okulitch, don Creek along the northeast side of Hall Creek for 25 1979), before being renamed the Harper Ranch Group kilometres, varying up to 3.8 kihxnetres in exposed width. (Monger, 1982, p. 294). The group is overlain byvolcanics A second band, I3 kilometres long, outcrops 9 kilometres aad sediments of the Upper Triassic N&la Group. A few southwest, between Hall and Gladys lakes. granitic stocks of Triassic to Jurassic age have intruded The formation consists of a basal section of brown to the Harper Ranch Group. buff-weathering. taffaceous calcarenite that is overlain by The carbonate leases occur sporadicauy along a dis- dark calcareaite and coquina containing shell fragments continuous belt, consisting mostly of argillite and and foraminifera, with a few chert nodules, in a fme sandstone and divisible into hvo segments. The fast ex- lime-mud matrix. Pale grey weather+, dark grey to tends weshvard from Mount Monashee to Okanagaa black, massive limestone is the youngest member of the Lake at Vernon (Mount Monashee - Okanagan Lake formation. segment). The belt continues northweshvard for 100 kihmetres to the Jamieson Range, crossing the North and Selected Bibliography South Thompson Rivers (Okanagan Lake - Jamieson Geological Surveyof Canada: Range segment). This segment lies under an extensive cover of Eocene laws of the KamIoops Group behveen Monger, J.W.H. (1975): Upper Paleozoic Rocks of the Oksaagan Lake and the South Thompson River. The Atlii Terrane, Northwestern British Columbia and carbonate lensesvary considerably in size and abundance South-central Yukon; Paper 74-47, page 11. along the belt. A number of large masses varying up to 3 kihnetres in length outcrop on Harper Ranch behveen Nahlin River (Opal Lake) N-IX: 104J/13W Paul Lake aad the South Thompson River (Figure 11). MINFILE No.: 104J 045 Latitude: 58”48’21” The various leases are generally composed of white to grey, light bluish grey to light buff-yellow weathering, Map No.: Llll Longitude: 131”51’21” fme-grained, massive limestone that is sometimes inter- A fault-bounded band of Lower Permian limestone bedded with the enclosing sediments. The limestone is of the Horsefeed Formation extends 12.5 kilometres argi8aceous in a few instances. Beds and nodules of chert northweshvard from Opal Lake to Chastot Creek, east of are a frequent contaminant. Some of the larger leases N&in River. The band widens northwestward from 300 contain chert-free sections of extreme purity over metres to 2Wl me&s. A narrow band of chert of the moderate widths. Kedahda Formation, 6 kilometres long, is infaulted within Selected Bibliography the limestone band near its southwest margin. The deposit largely consists of pale grey weathering Brilish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pebwleum pale to medium grey, massive, unsorted limestone breccia Resowces: containing angular fragments up to 5 centimetres in length. The fragments are comprised of various car-

Open File 1992-18 79 En’tishColumbia

Meyers,R.H., Taylor, W.A. and Tempelman-Khdt,D. Creighton Valley (Lumby) N-IS: 82L/O2W (1989): Lode Gold-Silver Occurrences of the MINFILE No.: 82LSE058 Latitude: 50”12’25 OkanaganRegion, Open File 1989-S. Map No.: L113 Longitude: 118’54’02” A lensof Permianlimestone 180 m&es wide trends 1.6kilometres southwestward from CreightonValley, 6.4 Cockfield,W.E. (1948): Geology and Mineral Depositsof kilometressoutheastoflumby.Thelensissituatedwithin Nicola Map-area,British Columbia; Memoir 249, the centralpart of the Mount Monashee- OkanaganLake page7 and accompanyingMap 8E6A. segment. Jones,A.G. (1959):Vernon Maparea, British Columbii The lenscontains medium to fine-grained,light grey Memoir 296,page 42and accompanying Map 1059A to white, highly fracturedlimestone with discontinuous [Vernon,British Columbia;Rice, H.M.A. andJones, lensesof white chert and vein&. of white quartz. An A.G. (196Q)l. analysisreported by McCammon(1961) is givenin Table Monger,J.W.H. (1982):Geology of Ashcrofi Map-area, 19. SouthwesternBritish Columbia; in Report of Ac- tivities, Paper82-lA, pages293-297. SelectedBibliography Monger, J.W.H. and McMiian, WJ. (1982):Bedrock British Columbia Minisby of Energv, Mines and Peb&um Geologyof Ashcroft (921)Map Area; Open File. ReSOWCtX 980. Okulitch, A.V. and Campbell, R.B. (1979):Lithology, McCammon,J.W. (1961): Limestone in the VernonArea; Stratigraphy,Structure and Mineral Occurrencesof Miter of Mines Report,pages 145-148. the Thompson-ShuswapOkanaganArea, British Columbia;Open File 637. Vernon NT.9 82L/O6W Orchard,MJ. and Forster,PJ.L (1988):Permian Con- MINFILE No.: 82LSWO97 Latitude: 50”15’24 odont Biostratigraphyof the Harper Ranch Beds Map No.: L114 Longitude: 119”18’33 near Ramloops,South-central British Columbia; Paper88-8, page 2. llvo massesof Permianlimestone are exposed4 to MOUNT MONAWEE - OKANACAN LAKE SEGMENT 7.6 kihnetres due west of Vernon,north of the road to OkanaganLake on the westend of the Mount Mona&z Camel’s Hump - OkanagaaLake segment. (Creighton Valley) Nl-s: 82L/O2W The easternlimestone lens outcropsover a roughly MINFILE No.: 82LSE050 Latitude: 50”13’47” circular area800 metres in diameter.The massis com- Map No.: L112 Longitude: llS”52’41” posedof medium to dark grcy, medium-grainedlime- stonewith veinletsand lensesof white quartzand calcite. A bandof Permianlimestone extends northwestward An analysisreported by McCammon(1961) is inTable19. for 4.8 kilometresalong the southwestside of Camel’s This limestonewas once burnt for lime by the City of Hump, an elongate hill located 7.5 kilometres east- Vernonfor its sewagetreatment plant but this stopped southeastof Lumby.The bandaverages greater than 800 sometimebefore 1961 because of the poor qualityof the metresin width. The limestone is boundedby sandstone stoae. and argillite to the southwestand volcanicflows to the The secondlens up to 400metres wide, outcrops 13 northeast.Bedding strikes 102” to 112”and dips 45” to 70” kilometres farther west, extending 3.3 kilometres south. northwestfrom the OkanaganLake road. The depositis The bandconsists of mediumto fme-grained,light to composedof thin beds of medium to fme-grained,dark dark graylimestone containing some argillaceous streaks greylimestone interbedded with ribbon chert and cut by and inclusionsof black chert. The rock is occasionally whitequartz veins. The bedsstrike 110”and dip 50”south. brecciatedand healed with white calcite. An analysis reportedby McCammoa(1961) is givenin Table19. SelectedBibliography SelectedBibliography British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum ReSOUItXX McCammon,J.W. (l%l): Limestonein the VernonArea; Miter of Mines Report,pages 145-148. McCammon,J.W. (1961): Limestone in the VernonArea; Minister of Mines Report,pages 145-148. TABLE 19 ANALYSES OF HARPER RANCH LIMESTONES

Monashee Pass N-I-S:82L/OZE McCammoa,J.W. (1961): Limestone ia tbeVernon Area; MINFILE No.: 82LSE049 Latitude: 50’06’29” Miter of Mines Report,page. 148. Map No.: L115 Longitude: 118’30’33 Schmidt,U. and Watson,I.M. (1983):Geocbemical and GeologicalReport on the Bud, Moonbeam,Mart A massof Permianlimestone outcrops for 300metres and Witbrow Claims, AssessmentReport 11789, in cliffs M m&es high alongthe crestof a ridge on the Page4. westside. of Highway6,17 Worn&es south-southeastof OBANACAN LAKE - JAMIESON RANGE SEGMENT Cberryville. It is boundedto tbe south by medium to coarse-grainedhornblende biotite granite and to the Lafarge Canada (Harper Ranch) NTS: 921/09E north by greywacke.The masslies near the east end of the MINFILE No.: 92INEOOl Latitude: 50”40’15 Mount Monasbee- OkanagaaLake segment.Bedding Map No.: L116 Longitude: 120’03’56” strikes108” and dips 65” south. The limestoneis medium to fine grained,medium An irreguhr, north-trendingmass of Permu-Car- grey to white, massiveto beddedand stronglyjointed. bmiferous limestone,3 kilometresin lengthand up to 25 Chert is quite commoa,occurring as rustystringers and kilometresin width, outcropson the north side of the ascontorted bands 15 to 20centimetres thick. An analysis SouthThompson River, 18 kihmetres eastof Kandoops reportedby McCammon(1961) is givenin Table19. (Figure11). Tbe limestonemass lies alongthe crestof an anticlineplunging Up south.Bedding on the eastlimb of SelectedBibhgraphy thefold strikes021Y and dips 40” east. Conodont sampling Btitish Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum in a quarrycm tbe south end of the deposit showstbe i-&WXUWS: limestonecan be subdividedinto at leasttwo sequences, dipping50” to 80”southeast, that are repeatedby a fault on the westmargin of the quarry.The quarryexposes a number of basaltic and Iamprophyric dikes 0.15 to 3.0 Mount Harper N-IS: 921/09E metres wide, strikiog 090” and dipping 7(P north. MINFILE No.: 92INE174 Latitude: 50”42’48 The mass is made up of fme to medium-grained, light Map No.: L117 Longitude: 120”05’50” to dark grey Iimestone with abundant white to grey chert as nodules, irregular patches up to 0.6 metre wide and as lb/o large and several smaller leases of Permian lime- discontinuous bands 0.1 to 0.6 m&e thick. The chert is stone extend 2.1 to 4.5 kiIometres west-northwest on more frequent near the margins of the deposit. A central Mount Harper, south of Paul Lake, l3 kilometres east- zone60 to90metreswideisrelativelyfreeofchert.Quartz northeast of KamIoops (Figure 11). The lenses are ex- occurs as fme, silty aggregates that form up to 50 per cent posed over widths of up to 1250 metres. They are of the rock. The limestone in the quarry is usually veined composed of light to dark gray, fme to medium grained with iron carbonate and cut by faults containing hydrous limestone with variable amounts of chert as nodules and iron oxides. Tbe rock is commonIy siliceous. In places the discontinuous thin bands. The chert is largely contiied to Limestone grades up to 53.2 per cent CaO (95 per cent the edges of the deposits. Aa analysis reported by Mc- CaCO3) within the quarry (John Wang, Chief Chemist, Gammon (1959) is in Table 19. 1989, personal commuaication). Aa analysis reported by Goudge (1944) is given in Table 19. Selected Bibliography Lafarge Canada Inc. began quarrying the south end British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Pebnleum of the deposit in 1970 to supply an adjacent cement plant. Resowces: Up to 1988, 3.6 milIion tonnes of limestone had been quarried. Remaining reserves are estimated at SO to 100 McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the KamIoops years supply at a current production rate of approximate- Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 168,170. ly 160 CUO tonnes a year (John Won& 1989, personal communication). Weshvold (Annis Industries) N-I-S: 82LfOSW Latitude: SO”26’48” Selected Bibliography MINFILE No.: 82ISWO49 Map No.: L118 Longitude: 119”49’23 Bridsh Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Pebwkum Resounxs: A mass of Permian limestone, 20X m&es long, forms a north-trending knoll 180 metres long and up to McCammon, J.W. (1950): Report on Limestone OLI the 75 metres wide on the west side of the SaImon River North Bank of the South Thompson River about 10 valley, 5.8 kilometres west-southwest of Westwold. Tbe Miles east of KamIoops; in Industrial Mineral File, limestone is in contact with granodiorite to the north and pages 2-5. grades into a zone of skarn and quart&e to the south McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the KamIoops Bedding strikes 1M” and dips 30” southwest. Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 167-170. The deposit consists of medium to coarse-grained McCammon, J.W. and Waterland, TM. (1966): Harper limestone (marble) containing grains up to 6 &lime&es Ranch Quarry; Miter of I&es Report, page 267. in diameter. It is mostly white, with some yellow staining White, G.P.E.: undated notes on rocks east of KamIoops on fractures. Small grains and irregular patches of quartz near the cement quarry, in Industrial Mineral We. are visible in thin section. An analysis reported by Mc- Gammon (1968) is given in Table 19. Geologiecrl Sumy of Canada: The deposit was put into production in 1968 by Amis Industries Ltd. Between 1968 and 1970 a total of 4810 Orchard, MJ. and For&r, PJ.L. (1988): Permian Con- tonnes of limestone was produced for stucco dash, roof odont Biostratigraphy of the Harper Ranch Beds rock, riprap and driveway rock. near Kamloops, South-central British Columbia; Paper 88-8, pages 2-3. Selected Bibliography British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petrolt-um Canada Deputment of Mines and Resources: Resources:

Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, McCammon, J.W. (1968): Annis Industries Ltd.; Miter Part 5, page 184. of Mines Report, page 322. Black Pines (McLean’s Quarry) NTS: 921/16W McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the Kamloops MINFILE No.: 92INE175 Latitude: 50’55’24 Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 169-170. Map No.: L119 Longitude: 120”15’45” Cmada Depwimenr of Mines and Resources: A steeply dipping leas of Late Mississippian limestone, 300 metres thick, outcrops on the west side of the Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, North Thompson River, 3 kilometres south of Black Part 5, page 216. pines, and continues northwestward up the valley side for 1800 metres (Figure 11). The leas is exposed for a width Salmon River - North Side N-IS: 82L/05E of 500 m&es along a road following the west baak of the MINFILE No.: 82LSWO95 Latitude: 5028’55 North Thompson River. Map No.: L121 Longitude: 119’41’05 The deposit consists mostly of massive, soft and brit- A vertically dipping leas of tight grey, thinly to thickiy de, white to light bluish grey, sugary textured limestone bedded, Permian limestone strikes northwest for Uoo cut by numerous calcite veinlets. It contains some thin metres along the north side of the Salmon River valley, shale interbeds, especially along its southwest margin. 9.6 ldlometres west-southwest of Falklaad. The lens varies AnaIyses reported by McCammon (1959) are in Table 19. up to 150 metres in thickness. The limestone contains The limestone was qaarried and burnt in a pot kiln irregular zones and patches of light-&oared chert with on site to produce lime up to 1911. quartz and argillaceous material. An analysis reported by SelectedBibliography McCammon (1961) is io lhble 19. Bridsh Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Petroleum SelectedBibliography Rl?SOUltXS: British Columbia Ministry of Enem Mines and Pebwleum R630WCC?S: McCammcm, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the Kamloops Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages 168-170. McCammon, J.W. (1961): Limestone in the Vernon Area; Brewer, WM. (1913): McLean’s Limestone-quarry; Mm- Miter of Mines Report, pages 144-145.148. ister of Mines Report, page 216. South Thompson River Cana& Depamnent of Mines and Resources: (Harper Ranch) N-IS: 921/09E MINFILE No.: 92INE173 Latitude: 50”40’20” Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, pages 216-217. Map No.: L122 Longitude: 120”07’43” A leas of Carbcmiferous limestone forms a narrow Jamieson Range (Black Pines) NTS: 921/16W north-trending ridge 230 metres long with aa average MINFILE No.: 92INE161 Latitude: 50”59’12” width of 40 metres, on the north side of the South Map No.: L120 Longitude: 120”16’19” Thompson River, 14 k&me&s east ofKamloops (Figure 11). Indistinct beddiig strikes 170” and dips steeply east. I\vo parallel northeast-trending limestone leases, The deposit consists of fme-grained, light to dark grey 770 metres apart, each 1.8 k&me&es long, outcrop as two limestone with scattered patches and irregular bands of cliffs along the east flank of the Jamieson Range, 2.5 ehert. Analyses reported by McCammon (1959) are in kilometres northwest of Black F’mes (Figure 11). The Table 19. lenses lie on the north end of the Okanagan Lake - Jamieson Range segment. They are made up of light grey Selected Bibliography to white, medium to fme-grained limestone with scattered British Columbia MinistyofEnergy, Mines andPe@oleum patches of chert. Aa analysis reported by McCammon Resounes: (1959) is given in Table 19. McCammon, J.W. (1950): Report on Limestone on the Selected Bibliography North Bank of the South Thompson River about 10 British Columbia Ministtyof Energy, Mines andPetmlewn Miles east of Kamlwps; in Industrial Mineral File, Remuces: pages 1-2 McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the Kamloops valley, 10 kilometres southwest of Falkland. The lime- Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 167,170. stone is faulted, folded, and iotrudcd by narrow, sheared dikes. Bedding generally strikes 152” dips 55” northeast. Canada Depwbnent of Mines and Resomex The deposit is comprised of black, fme-grained, thinly bedded, impure limestone that is cut by narrow, white Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, calcite veinlets. An aoalysis reported by McCammon Part 5, page 184. (1961) is in Table 19. Selected Bibliography Rayleigh South N-l-S: 921/16W MINFILE No.: 92INE160 Latitude: 50”46’42” Brihkh Cobmbio Mbdsby of Energy Mines and Peb&um Resounes: Map No.: L123 Longitude: 120’18’19 McCammon, J.W. (1961): Limestone in the Vernon Area; Three narrcw, closely spaced leases of Permo-Car- Miier of Mines Report, pages 1*145,148. bmiferous limestone, enclosed in argillite, outcrop on the northwest flank of Dome Hi on the east side of the North Thompson River, 1.6 to 3.2 kilometres south of the UNNAMED PERMJAN LIMESTONES community of Rayleigh Mount (Figure 11). Tbe southern TERRACE AREA lens extends up the mountain side for several hundred Significant eapsums of limestone of an unnamed me&s, averaging 45 metres in width. It is composed of pmrly bedded, dark grey, granular fossiIifemus lime- formation of Permian age occur in the Terrace area, stone with irregularly distributed patches and nodules of usuaIIy peripheral to graoodioritic intrusions of Lower chert. An adysis reported by McCammon (1959) is ia Tertiary age. This may be a result of the intrusions drag- Table 19. ging up the enclosing country rock during their emplace- ment. lXv0 distinct cakxreoas units resting on massive The northern lens is 30 metres wide and is exposed for 60 m&es up the mountain side. It consists of very greenstone have been mapped east of l&race. A lower fme-grained, bluish grey and white, brittle limestone with member, 300 me&es thick, comprises argiIlac.x~u lime- calcite veins and some irregular patches of pale blue stone with interbedded calcareous mudstone and minor dolomite. AXI analysis reported by Go&e (1944) is in shale conformably underlies an upper unit of pure, mas- Table 19. The central lens is of similar dimension of the sive limestone up to 30 metres in exposed thickness. Southwest of Terrace similar pure limestone is contained northern lens. ‘live larger lenses trending northwestward for be- within a sequence of argillaceous limestone with iater- tween 1800 and 3100 m&es outcrop to the northeast. bedded greenstone and quartz-mica schist. Most of the purer limestone exposures lie east and Limestone was quarried and burnt in a lime kiln on site, southeast of Terrace. These include outcrops on the some time before 1944. Zymoetz River, on the north side of Mount ThomhiII, on Selected Bibliography Mount Attree and Mouot Layton. Other exposures are southwest of Terrace along the Skeena River between British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Remo and Shames, and south of Terrace west of the Fb3OWCeS: airport and west of Lake& Lake. The upper member is commonly comprised of white, McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the Ramloops recrystallized, medium to coarse-grained, massive lime- Area; Miter of Mimes Report, pages X8-170. stone that is quite pare io places. The unit sometimes contains interbedded dasticsediments or their metamor- Crutada Deparbnent of Mines and Resowces: phic equivalents. Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Selected Bibliography Part 5, pages 215,216. Geological Survey of Can&

Salmon River - South Side N-l-3 82L/05E Duffel& S. and Souther, J.G. (1956): Terrace, Coast Dii- MINFILE No.: 82LSWO96 Latitude: 5027’53 trict, British Colombia; Map U-1956. Map No.: L124 Longitude: 119’40’26” DolTelI, S. and Souther, J.G. (1964): Geology of the lbr- race Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 329 (m- A band ofPermianlimestoneisexposedfor60metres cludiag Map ll36A), pages M-18,98. along a road-cut and continues for 180 metres Woodsworth, G.L., Hi M.L. and Van Der Heyden, P southeastward up the south side of the Salmon River (1985): Preliminary Geological Map of Terrace (NTS 1031, East HaIf) Map Area, British Columbia; A sequence of limestones 30 to l2O metres thick Open File 1136. extends 3.1 kilometres northeasterly for along the northwest side of the Skeena River, 21 kilometres south- Terrace Calcium Products west of Terrace. It is underlain by metamorphic rocks of (Fir Claims) N’IX 1031/09W amphibolite facies and overlain by metamorphosed flows, MINFILE No.: 1031165 Latitude: 5490’42” tuffs and brecciss of the TUkwa (?) Formation. The unit strikes OW to 060” and dips 68’ to 80” northwest and is Map No.: L125 Longitude: 128=28’18” cut by several cross faults. The limestone is extensively fractured and intruded by a few narrow dikes. A generally flat-lying body limestone outcrops as a The unit is composed of brownish to greenish and crescent 3 kilometrcs long and up to a kilometre wide on bluish grey to white, coarse-grained limestone inter- the top of Copper Mountain (Mount Thornhill), 10 bedded with lenses of greenstone and mica schist. Dii- kilometres east-southeast of Terrace.. The deposit is ua- seminated pyrite and flakes of mica arc sometimes derlaie by siliceous and slatey argillites, and the entire present. The quality of the limestone varies considerably sequence is intruded by Late Cretaccous granodiorite of from place to place. Analyses reported by McCammon the Coast plutonic complex to the southwest. A few (1954) arc given in ‘Esble 20. bodies of skam containing quartz and calcite with various Limestone was produced from a quarry on Lot 4510, calcium silicates occur in the limestone along the intrusive 650 metres northeast of the Shames River between 1953 contact. and 1956 by A.E. Barr to supply the Columbia Cellulose The limestone is medium to coarse grained and pulp mill at Port Edward. A total of 15 660 tonnes of usuaUywhitewithsomegreystrealts.Ananalysisreported limestone was quarried. by McCammon (1965) is given in Table 20. It was produced from two small quarries near the south end of Selected Bibliography District Lot 2838 by Terrace Calcium Products Ltd. between 1%9 and 1982. The limestone was quarried for British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petmltwm building stone and crushed to produce granules and Rt?soum?s: “white sand” for agricultural, decorative and architectural purposes. A total of 2250 tonnes was quarried. Anonymous (1965): unpublished map showing workings and sample locations; in Industrial Mineral File. Selected Bibliography Brewer, W.M. (1914): Western Canada Portland Cement Company’s Property; Minister of Mines Report, British Columbia Ministy of Enew, Mines andPetroleum page 152. RWXUCeS: McCammon, J.W. (1954): Barr Limestone; Minister of McCammon, J.W. (1%5): Limestone in theTerrace Area; Mines Report, pages 180-181. Minister of Mines Report, pages 264-265. Geological Survey of Canada: Barr Quarry (Shames) NTS: 1031/07W Duffell, S. and Soother, J.G. (1964): Geology of the Ter- MINFILE No.: 1031009 Latitude: 5455’31 race Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 329, Map No.: L126 Longitude: 128”53’43” pages 98-99. Canada Depammnt of Mines and Resources: It is bounded to the north by Jurqsic granite aod granodiorite and overlain to the south by basaltic to Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, rhyolitic flows, tuff and breccia of the Telkwa Formation. Part 5, page 218. The baod is truncated to the northeast and southwest by Parks, WA. (1917): Report on the Building and Or- faults. namental Stones of Canada; Report 452, Volume 5, The deposit is comprised of a bed of pure white, pages 175-m. fossiliferous limestone 15 to 30 metres thick. It is coofor- mably underlain by argillaceous limestone and overlain Mayner’s Fortune by 6 to 15 metres of impure limestone with large white (Lakelse Lake) N-l-s: 1031/07E fusiids in a rose-coloured matrix of carbonate and iron oxide. Eight samples of the pure limestone averaged 2.3 M1NFIL.E No.: 1031113 Latitude: 5424’34” per cent in insoluble residues, which contained mica, clay, Map No.: L127 Longitude: 128cT9’18” silt and some quartz grains. Several isolated blocks of massive limestone outcrop Selected Bibliography just west of Lakelse Lake, 14 kilometres south-southwest British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petmleum of Terrace. The limestone is usually white, but sometimes Resources: a green or bluish grey colour. It is extensively recrystallized and coarse graioed in texture. Epidote-garnet &am DuffelI, S. and Soother, J.G. (1964): Geology of the Ter- zones with minor magnetite and sulphides are locally race Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 329, developed within it. pages S-16. One block of limestone 30 m&es thick extends for 108 metres northeast from the Lakelse River, crossing the BABINELAKE AREA Canadian National Railway Kitimat spur line at the 10- Permian limestone outcrops west of Babiie Lake. mile point. The bed strikes 040” and dips 25” southeast. Significant exposures occur 6 Mom&es west of Granisle The block is estimated to contain at least 454 OC0toones and just south of the east end of Fulton Lake. of limestone (Bottoms, 1967, pp. 3,lO). A representative sample assayed 54.0 per cent CaO (96.3 per cent CaCO3) Selected Bibliography and 1.59 per cent MgCO3 (Bottoms, 1%7, p. 10). At least Geologkal Survey of Canada: two other deposits of relatively pore limestone outcrop to the southeast. Hanson, G. (1942): Houston, British Columbia (92L); Cree Lake Mining Ltd. mapped and sampled some Map 67lA. of the limestone in 1%7, while searching for skarn-hosted metallic mineralization. Richards, TA. and T’Ipper, H.W. (1976): Smithers, British Columbia (92L); Open Fide 351. Selected Bibliography Bn’tislr Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Cart & Lime Claims NT3 93L/16W Resounxx MINFILE No.: 93L 306 Latitude: 54”53’31” Map No.: L129 Longitude: 126’18’20” Ashton, A. and Bullis, A. (1971): Geochemical, Geophysical and Geological Report on the Gabe, Limestone outcrops over a 4-kilometre strike length Kenad, Lady Luck and Lucky Fortune Claims; As- along a north-northwest-trending ridge 6 kilometrcs west sessment Report 3.585, pages 5-6. of Granisle. Bedding strikes 153” and dips 45” northwest. Bottoms, K.P. (1967): Report on the Lady Luck, Mayner’s The average of seven chip samples taken across widths of Fortune, Gabc and Lucky Fortune Mineral Claim 5 to 75 metres over a strike length of 500 metres is given Groups, Terrace Area, B.C.; unpublished report for in Table 20. One sample containing 46.88 per cent CaO Cree Lake Mining Ltd., in Property File. (83.67 per cent C&03) and 13.14 per cent insolubles is excluded from the average. The deposit was sampled by Dardanelle NTS: 1031/08E Equity Silver Mines Ltd. in 1988 during a search for a MINFILE No.: 1031 197 Latitude: 543’54” local source of limestone for acid neutralization at the Map No.: L128 Longitude: 128”12’09” company’s mine near Houston. Selected Bibliography A northeast-trending band of limestone 5 kilometres long outcrops on both sides of the Zymoetz River, 1 to 5 Bdtish Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum kilometres west of its confluence with Dardanelle Creek. Resources:

86 Geologid SurveyBmnch Equity Silver Mines Ltd., (1989): correspondence in In- metres of tan to very light grey weathering bryoman dustrial Mineral File. limestone that is overlain by at least 300 metres of massive to bedded, white to buff, bioclastic limestone with minor PERMIANLIMESTONE - STIIUNE Rtwrt AREA argillite and tuff. This purer limestone is contaminated Permian limestone outcrops in the Coast Mountains with some silicwus layers and pods. in the general vicinity of the Stikine River. The majority of the exposures are confined to the following four areas SelectedBibliography fromnorthwest tosoutheast; east andsouthofTatsamenie British Columbia Minisby @Energy, Mines and Pehvkum Lake, along the Chutine River and between its tributaries Rf!SOUl7XX Triumph and Pendant creeks, along the Scud River and on Mess Creek. Brown, DA. and Gunning, M.H. (1989): Geology of the Scud River Area, Northwestern British Columbia SelectedBibliography (104G/5,6); in Geological Fieldwork 1988, Paper British Columbia MinisbyofEne~ Mines andPeb&um 1989-1, pages 252-256. Rl?SOWWS: Jeffery, W.G. (1%5): Geology of the Upper Galore Creek Miter of Mines Report, page 19. Brown, DA. and Gunning, M.H. (1989): Geology and Logan, J.M. and Koyanagi, V.M. (1989): Geology and Geochemistry of the Scud River Area, Mineral Deposits of the Galore Creek Area, Northwestern British Columbia; Open File 1989-7. Northwestern B.C. (104(3/3,4); in Geological Fieldwork 1988, Paper 1989-1, pages 271-273. Geological Survey of Canada: HOZAMEEN GROUP Souther, J.G. (1959): Chutine, Cassiar District, British Columbia; Map 7-1959. The Hozameen Group is comprised of a succession of argillite, chert and m&c volcanic rocks with minor Souther, J.G. (1960): Tulsequah, British Columbia, Map limestone contained in a fault-bounded belt that extends 6-1960. southward along the east side of the Fraser River into the Souther, J.G. (1970): ‘lhlsequah and Juneau, Cassiar Dii- United States,widening from less than a kilometre at trict, British Columbii; Map 1262.4. Boston Bar to 16 kilometres in the Cascade Mountains at Souther, J.G. (1971): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the U.S. border. Tbe group is reported to contain strata the Thlsequah Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir of Permian to Lower Jurassic age, and is therefore con- 362, pages 15-16. sidered to be the southerly continuation of the Fergusson Souther, J.G. (1972): Telegraph Creek Map-area, British Group (Monger and McMiian, 1982). Columbia; Paper 71-44, page 7 and accompanying Limestone generally occurs in lenticular deposits less Map 11-1971. than 30 metres thick, however, several traceable car- S&her, J.G. , Brew, DA. and Okulitch, A.V. (1979): bonate units display thicknesses of up to 360 metres. Iskut River, British Columbia, Map 1418A. These beds are commonly folded and faulted. Significant outcrops occur at Saddle Rock on the west side of the ScudRiver Fraser River north of Yale; adjacent to Highway 3 on the (Galore Creek) NTS:104G/3W, 4E, 5E Sumallo River near its contluence with the Skagit River; MINFILE No.: 104G 102 Latitude: 5PlO’OO” on Mount Coulter west of Nicolum Creek; and just west of the Skagit River near the U.S. border. Map No.: L130 Longitude: 13150’00 SelectedBibliography A discontinuous belt of limestone extends 50 GeologicalSutwy of Conadz kilometres northwestward from the headwaters of Sphaler Creek along the South Scud River to Ambition Monger, J.W.H. (1969): Hope, West Half, British Colum- Mountain. The limestone is also exposed for 15 bii; Map 12-1%9. kilometres northwestward along the Scud River. The unit is estimated to be 800 to loo0 metres thick and has Monger, J.W.H. (1989): Hope Map-area, West Half92H (Wlf2), British Columbia; Paper 69-47, pages 3-6. undergone extensive folding and faulting. The lower 75 metres of the formation is comprised of Monger, J.W.H. (1989): Geology, Hope, British C&m- dark grey, thin-bedded limestone interbedded with bia; Map 41-1989. pyritic argillite, which grades upward into 350 metres of Monger, J.W.H. and McMiian, WJ. (1982): Geology of pale grey tobuff, thin to medium-bedded limestone inter- the Ashcmft (92I) Map Area; Open FiIe 980. calated with amorphous chert. This is followed by 100

open File 1992-18 87 British Columbirr

Saddle Rock N-I-S: 92H/llW Selected Bibliography MINFILE No.: 92HNW062 Latitude: 4957’58 Geological Survey of Cam&z Map No.: L131 Longitude: 12123’35 Camsell, C. (1911): Geology of the Skagit Valley, Yale Just south of the Saddle Rock siding of the Canadian District, B.C.; in Summary Report for 1911, page Pacifx Railway, 7.5 kilometres north-northeast of Yale, a 118. vertically dipping bed of limestone outcrops on the west back of the Fraser River and continues northwestward up FERGUSSONGROUP the steep valley side for 250 m&es, crossing both the (BRIDGERIVERGROUP) highway and the railway. The bed widens from 15 metres at the river to 24 m&es at the railway. The limestone is A thick Permian to Middle Jurassic scqucnec of intruded by granite to the west. thin-bedded chert, argillite, phyllite, basalt, andesite, chhxitic schist and amphibolite, subjected to complex The deposit is largely composed of siliceous, bluish white, fine-grained limestone that is extensively inter- folding and fault@ outcrops in the Bralome - Bridge River area. bedded with quart&e at the river. The band contains a single bed of quart&e at the raiiway4.6 m&es wide. One Numerous lenticular limestone bodies, commonly hundred and f* metros northwest of the railway a small trending east-west, are scattered throughout the Fergus- son Group. Some are up to 90 metres thick, however, most quarry exposes pale brownish grey limestone with quartz veins and flakes of mica. An analysis reported by Goudge are not more than 15 metres in thickness. Only a few can (1944) is given in Table 21. be traced for more than a hundred metres along strike. During 1937 and 1940 a total of 246 tonnes of lime- A number of limestones have been mapped north and in the stone was produced by H. Reynolds for agricultural pur- and south of Carpenter L.&c (McCann, 1922) poses. Cadwallader Creek drainage area. One of the most significant exposures occurs near Meade Lake, 3.3 Selected Bibliography kilometres north of the Pioneer mice, at the foot of Mount Fergusson. Limestone was quarried here for lime during Canado Depanment of Mines and Remuces: the early 1930s for use at the mine. The various carbonate masses are comprised of dark Goudge, M.E (1944): Liiestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, pages 180-181. grey to bluish grey to white, light grey to buff-weather@ generally medium to coarse-grained limestone. Most of the limestone is extensively veined with recrystallized Sumallo River N-l-S: 92H/03E carbonate. The rock occasionally contaios garnet, wollas- MINFILE No.: 92HSW122 Latitude: 49”13’11” toaite and tremolite, where contact metamorphosed by Map No.: L132 Longitude: 121°05’32” intrusions.

A bed of massive, bluishgrey and white limestone 215 Selected Bibliography metres thick follows the Sumallo River for 3 kilometres Brftish Columbia Minisby of Energv, Mines and Petroleum northwestward from its cocflucnce with the Skagit River Resources: to Highway 3. The unit is underlti by impure limestone, argillite and breccia and overlain by interbedded Church, B.N., Gaba, R.G., Hanna, MJ. and James, quartzite and argillite. DAR. (1988): Geologic Reconnaissance of the Bridge River Miig Camp (92J/l.5,16,10; 920/02); in Geological Fieldwork 1987, Paper 1988-1, pages Piebiter Creek NT% 92J/lOE 93-100. MINFILE No.: 92TNE143 Latitude: 50’43’21” Church, B.N. and MacLean, M. (1987): Geology of the Map No.: L134 Longitude: 122”38’54” Gold Bridge Area (92J/15W); Open File 1987-11. Church, B.N. and Pettipas, A.R. (1989): Research and A lens of grey to white, fme to coarse-grained Iime- Exploration in the Bridge River Mining Camp stone 55 m&es wide strikes northwest for 275 metres (92J/l5,16); in Geological Fieldwork 1988, Paper along a hillside 300 m&es north of Piebiter Creek, 46 1989-1, pages 105-114. kilometres north-northeast of Pemberton. It dips steeply northwest. A narrow zone of scheelite-chalcopyrite-bear- Geologicnl Survey of Canada: ing skam is developed along the margin of the lens. An analysis is given in Table 21. Caimes, C.E. (1937): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Bridge River Miig Camp, British Columbia; Selected Bibliography Memoir 2l3, pages 11-l& 72-73. Bdtish Columbia MinisbyofEnergK Mines andPe@&um Caimes, C.E. (193Sa): Gun Lake Area; Map 43oA. R?SOUlCtX Caimes, C.E. (1938b): CadwaIIader Creek Area; Map 431A. Allen, D.G. and Brow&c, D. (1986): Geological, McCann, W.S. (1922): Geology and Mineral Deposits of Geochemical, Geophysical and Drilling Report on the Bridge River Map Area, British Columbia; the Bralome Extension; Assessment Report 15871. Memoir 130, page 23 and accompanying Map 1882 Merritt, J.E. (1948): Bridge River; Miter of Mines [Lawson, E. and Freeland, E.E. (1918)]. Report, pages 101-102 Monger, J.W.H. and McMiian, WJ. (1982): Bedrock Patmore, W. (1955): Geological Report on the Chalco Geology of Ashcroft (921) Map Area; Open File Claim, Assessment Reports 105. 980. Monger, J.W.H. and McMiIlan, WJ. (1989): Ashcroft, NICOLA GROUP British Columbia; Map 42-1989. The Nicola Group comprises a Middle to Upper Roddick, J.A. and Hut&son, W.W. (1973): Pemberton Triassic sequence of f&c to matic flows, volcanidastics (East Half) Map-area, British Columbia (921); and sediments in the southern Intermontane Belt, lying Paper 73-17, pages 1-3 and accompanying Map l3- mostly between the Fraser River and Okanagan Lake. It 1!?73. consists of a central volcanic belt bounded to the east and west by sedimentary belts. Limestone is occasionally Marshall Ridge N-I-S: 92l/lSE found in all three belts. MINFILE No.: 92JNJX123 Latitude: ~50~53’17” The central belt extends south from Kamloops Lake Map No.: L133 Longitude: 122”34’56 through Merritt to Princeton. It comprises mostly andesitic to basaltic flows, tuffs and breccias with some A mass of limestone containing minor chert and interbedded a@ite and sandstone. Sporadic limestones argillite outcrops over a 900 by 500 metre area along the occur as lenses and beds of limited extent and thickness. southwest slope of Marshall Ridge, 05 kilometre north of Limestone is unu.waIly common north and west of Aspen Carpenter Lake; an analysis is given in Table 21. Grove, south of Nicola Lake and in the Promontory Hi, northwest of Merritt. Selected Bibliography The western belt is characterized by matic to f&c British Columbia Minishy of Energy Mines and Peb&wn volcaniclastic rocks intercalated with shale, argillite, con- Resounm: glomerate and sandstone, extending south from Ashcroft to the Ttdameen area. Liiestone commonly forms lenses Sk&i G. (1983): Geological and Geochemical Report or thin beds similar to the central belt. on the P 1-2 Claims, Assessment Report 11784. The eastern belt extends from north of Kandoops south-southeast to Hedley and eastward to Okanagan Lake in the vicinity of Kelowna and Vernon. Much of the eastern belt near KamIoops and Okanagao Lake was DrysdaIe, C.W. (1916): Investigations in British Colum- initially mapped as Cache Creek Group (Cocktield, 1948; bia; in Summary Report for 1916, page 53. Jones, 1959) and later remapped as the Thompson assemblage (Okulitch and CampbeU, 1978), before being included with the Nicola Group (Monger and McMiiao, 1982; Tempelman-KIuit, 1989a). The belt is dominated by

Open File 1992-18 89 sediments ranging from argillite to conglomerate with Tempelmm-Khit, DJ. (1989a): Geology of Penticton, minor tuft Limestones characteristically form traceable British Columbia; Map 1736A. beds much thicker than those of the other two belts, such Tempelman-KU, DJ. (1989b): Geological Map with as those found northwest of Kelowoa and near Hedley. Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, The Nicola Group carbonates display a wide varia- Radiometric Ages and Gravity Field for Pen&ton tion in composition and quality. They are white to black, Map Area (NTS 82E), Southern British Columbia; fme to coarse-gmioed, variably siliceous limestones com- Open File 1969. monly contaminated with cbert and dolomite and sometimes interbedded with argjllite and cut by dikes. The Armstrong (Mount Rose) NT-3 82L/06E purer limestones seem to be confined to the eastern and MINFILE No.: 82LSWO98 Latitude: 5058’38 western belts. Map No.: L135 Longitude: 119013’47” Selected Bibliography A mass of limestone up to 1000 me&es wide extemis west-northwest for 4.5 kilometres, 25 to 6 kiIometres northwest of Armstrong. It lies withio argillite of the castem belt. To the east, bedding strikes approximately Meyers, R.H., Taylor, WA. and Tompelmao-Kluit, D. 12Y and dips 30” southwest and becomes nearly horizon- (1989): Lode Gold-Silver Occurrences of the tal farther west. Okanagan Region, Open File 1989-S. Outcrops of white to pink, bluish grey, and white and Preto, VA. (1979): Geology of the Nicola Group Behveen grey streaked, tine to coarse-grained, thinly bedded lime- Merritt and Princeton; Bulletin 69, pages 25-36, stone are intensely frachwed io a few instances. The 67-68. limestonecommonlywntainsthinsheet-likeindusionsof schist and a few dikes. Muscovite, quartz, pyrite and iron Geological Survey of Canada: oxides are sometimes present. Ao analysis reported by Goudge (1944) is given in Table 22 Bostock, H.S. (1940): Hedley Area; Map 538A. Diamond drilling in the central part of the limestone Co&i&i, WE. (1948): Geology and Mineral Deposits of mass defmed proven (measured geological) reserves of Nicola Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 249, 998 Ooo tonnes and probable (indicated) reserves of 450 page 7 and accompanying Map 886A. OOtltonnes, averaging 553 per cent CaO, over an area of Duffel& S. and McTaggart, K.C. (1952): Ashaoft Map 180 by 150 metres to a depth of 15 metres with a cut-off area, British Columbia; Memoir 262, pages 29-31 grade of 0.10 per cent Fez03 (Kerr, 1971, p. 6). Details of and accompanying Map 1OlOA. reserve grades are given in Table 22. Jones, A.G. (1959): Vernon Map-area, British Columbia; A small quarry was opened up 4.3 kilometres from Memoir 296, pages 38-39 and accompanying Map Armstrong earlier this century for the manufacture of 1059A [Vernon, British Colombia; Rice, H.M.A. lime. Mount Rose Miig Co. Ltd. drilled 11 holes in and Jones, A.G. (1960)]. 1970. The company considered developing the deposit to Monger, J.W.H. (1981): Geology of the Western Ashcroft supply limestone to a local glass manufacturer (Con- Map Area, Southwest British Colombia; in Report sumers Glass) and toLafarge Canada’s cement plant near of Activities, Paper 1981-lA, pages 185-189. Kamloops. These plans never materialized and the Monger, J.W.H. (1982): Geology of Ashnoft Map-area, property was eventually abandoned. Southwestern British Columbia; in Report of Ac- Selwted Bibliography tivities, Paper 82-lA, pages 293-297. Monger, J.W.H. (1989): Hope, B.C.; Map 41-1989. British Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petmkum Monger, J.W.H. and McMiUan, WJ. (1982): Bedrock Resomes: Geology of Ashcroft (921) Map Area; Open File 980. Kerr, J. (1971): Summary Report for Mount Rose Mining Co. Ltd.; unpublished report in Industrial Mineral Okulitch, A.V. and Campbell, R.B. (1979): Lithology, File.. Stratigraphy, Structure and Miieral Occurrences of the Thompson-ShuswapOkanagan Area, British McCammon, J.W. (l%l): Limestone in the Vernon Area; Columbia; Open File 637. Minister of Mines Report, pages 145-146,148. Rice, H.M.A. (1947): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Princeton Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 243, pages 9-15 and accompanying Map 888A.

90 Gm%giial sulvcy Blwlch TABLE 22 ANALYSES OF NICOLA, SHOEMAKER AND TAKLA LIMESTONES

Canada Department of Mines and Resources: visible in the rock. The northern deposit is comprised predominantly of white limestone while the southern Goudge, ME (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, depositcontainsIhemorecolourfullimestone.S~surface PaIt 5, pages 204al5. samples from both units, and tive diamond drill core samples from the southern deposit, averaged 543 per Bald Range (Blue Claims) NTS: 82L/O4,82E/13 cent CaO (97 per cent CaC03) (George Cross News MINFILE No.: 82LSWI12 Latitude: SO”o2’06” Letter No. 209.1989). The rock is reported to pdkh well Map No.: L136 Longitude: 119933’55” and display a high brightness. Some of the material has been used for ornamental lapidary products such as Linestone outcrops on the east slope of Bald Range, bookends and clocks. The strength of four samples col- west of Bald Range Creek, 13 kilometres north-northwest lected fmm a road-cut near the south end of the property of Kelowna. The deposit is comprised of hvo distinct ranged from 4.8 to 15.2 kilograms per square metre (3381 carbonate horizons contained in a sequence of argillites to 10708 PSI) (wet) and 2.5 to 11.7 kilograms per square and tuffs of the eastern belt. On the southern part of the metre (1759 to 8267 PSI) (dry) (Hora, 1984). property scattered outcrops and diamond drilling indi- The hvo carbonate units cover an area of some 170 cate a subvertical limestone bed up to 250 metres thick hectares, suggesting the potential for a large toonage stri!&g northerly for at least 1300 metres. To the north, (George Cross News Letter No. 209,1989). an irregular northwest-trending limestone unit ofvariable The southern part of the deposit was initially held and width outcrops adjacent a mass of quartz diorite and prospected by D. Sandburg b=ehveen 1982 and 1984 for its porphyritic granite. marble. The hvo carbonate units consist mostly of fme to Banbury Gold Mines Ltd. later staked the property medium-grained, recrystallized whitelimestone (marble) during a search for precious metals. The company sub- with lesser amounts of grey, black, orange and bronze- sequently focused its exploration effort on the marble, coloured limestone. Crinoid fragments are occasionally carrying out geological mapping and 335 metres of

Open File 1992-18 91 Bdish C&m bia

diamond drilliig during 1988and 1989.Based on this GeologicalFieldwork 1987,Paper 1988-1, pages 59- work the southerndeposit is estimatedto contain198 800 80,275~277. tonnesof high- quality marblesuitable for polishedtile production(Stanford, 1989). Canado Depomnent of Mines and Resources: SelectedBibliography Goudge,M.E (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Bndsh Columbia Ministy of Enem Mines and Petroleum Part 5, pagesl!z-193,202. Rt3OUrceS: Martel NTS: 92I/llW Hors, Z.D. (1984):correspondence with D. Sandburg, MINFILE No.: 92INWO80 Latitude: 5050’38” Februaryand October;in IndustrialMineral File. Map No.: L138 Longitude: 121”17’01 Stanford,M.R. (1989);A Brief SummaryReport on the Blue Claim Group Marble Deposit; in Industrial ‘ho lensesof limestoneoutcrop oo the west side of Miieral File. theThompson River, north of Martel, 23kilometres south of Ashcroft,within thewestern belt. The fust lensconsists Hedley N-IS: 92H/OSE of a triangularmass of limestoneexposed over a width of MINFILE No.: 92HSE149 Latitude: 49”21’14” 90m&es in a road-cutalongHighwayl,800 m&es north Map No.: L137 Longitude: 120”04’03” of Martel. The limestonecontinues northwest of thehigh- wayfor l20 metres.It is boundedon the westby quart&e The Sunnysidel&stone of the HedleyFormation is and on the northeastby skam. Indistinctbedding strikes 45 to 60 m&es thick and outcropsin an arcuatepattern west.The depositconsists mostly of dark grey to black, on the west,south and eastslopes of Nickel Plate Moua- extensivelyfractured limestone veined with calcite.Near t&n, eastof Hedley.The formationlies within the eastern theaorthernedgeofthelcnsthelimestoneisinterbedded sediientary belt. with argillite. An analysis reported by McCammon The Sunnysidelimestone member is composedmost- (1958a)is givenin Table22. ly of thin to thick-bedded,light bluish grey, medium- Three hundredm&es to the north a secondlime- grained limestone that is frequently siliceous and stoneleas, extensively disrupted by folding and faulting, contaminatedby chert. A quarry on the west face of is exposedin a highwayroad-cut over a width of 1300 Nickel Plate Mountain, just above a granodioritein- metres.It strikes155” for 1600metres and dips southwest. trusion,cxposcs a bed of purer limestone9 metresthick, The depositis comprisedofwell-fractured uniform-black underlainby impurelimestone intruded by numeroussills fme-grainedlimestone veined with calcite and cut by andoverlainby siliceouslimestone with chertnodules. An numerousdikes, which are less frequent to the northwest. analysisreported by Goudge(1944) is givenin Table22. A few chert nodulesand stringers,and somescattered Between19% and 1937a total of 2385tonnes lime- interbedsof argillite arepresent. An analysisreported by stonewas quarried 150 m&es up the westface of Nickel McCammon(1958a) is givenin Table22. PlateMountain to supplylime for the mill at the Hedley gold mine. SelectedBibliogmphy British Columbia Minishy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum SelectedBibliography Resourres: &-ids/~ Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petmleum Resounes: McCammon,J.W. (19Xx): Limestone Deposits of the Ashcroft-CtintooArea; Miter of h&es Report, Ray, G.E., Simpson,R., Wilkinson,W. and Thomas,P. pages91-93. (1986):Preliminary Report on the HenleyMapping Project;in GeologicalFieldwork 1985,Paper 1986 Cana& Depamnent of Mines and Resources: 1, pages101-105. Ray, G.E., Dawson,G.L. and Simpson,R. (1987):The Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, GeologyandControlsofSkantMineralizationiathe Part 5, pages181,184. Hedley Gold Camp, SouthernBritish Columbia (92H/8, 82E/5); i/t Geological Fieldwork 1986, Promontory Hills NT% 921/02W Paper1987-1, pages 65-79. MINFILE No.: 92ISE144 Latitude: 49”15’14” Ray,G.E., Dawson,G.L. and Simpson,R. (1988):Geol- Map No.: L139 Longitude: 121”01’42” ogy,Geochemistry and MetallogeaicZoning in the Hedley Gold-skam Camp (92H/O8,82UO5); in

92 Geologicot Sumy Bmnch Several lenticular beds of limestone extend ‘lbo parallel northwest-trending, limestone bands northwestward for up to 6.3 kilometres across the south that may represent a single folded bed outcrop on a ridge slope of Promontory Hi&, l3 kilometres west-northwest between Skwum and B&ton Creeks, 105 kilometres of Merritt. The beds are contained within a sequence of west-northwest of ‘l&meen. The limestone is enclosed in schist of the western belt and dips 40” to 45” southwest. tuffs, a@lIites, greywackes and felsic to aodesitic flows of Most of the deposit consists of coarse-grab&, white the central belt. The limestones generally strike northeast limestone containing relatively abundant veins and pods and dip moderately to steeply northwest to southeast. of quartz Southern exposures are bluish grey and white- Thicknesses vary up to 30 metres. banded, coarse-graioed limestone with a few inclusions The beds are composed of white to black, commonly of schist. Ao analysis reported by McCammon (1963) is grey, massive to foliated, fme to coarse-graioed, variably given in Table 22 siliceous limestone that oc&ooaIly contains rounded to angular CIasts of volcanic rocks. Thio sections reveal a few Selected Bibliography grains of quartz and feldspar. An analysis reported by Btitish Columbia Minishy of Em-~ Mines and Petroleum McCammon (195gb) is given in Table 22. Rl?.WWCeS:

Selected Bibliography Eastwood, G.E.P. (1960): filameen, Lawless Creek British Columbia Ministry of Enemy, Mines and Petroleum Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 53-55. Rl?SOWCtX McCammoo, J.W. (1963): Limestone oear TUameen; Miter of Mines Report, pages 144-145. Cam, J.M. (1960): Geology of the Promontory Hii; Mio- ister of Mines Report, pages 26-30. Swakum Mountain NT-S: 921/07E McCammoo, J.W. (1958b): Limestone in the Merritt MINFILE No.: 92ISE098 Latitude: 5OY7’19 Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages 94-%. Map No.: L142 Longitude: 120’41’19

Harmon Lake NTS: 92H/15E lb0 elongate limestone masses outcrop involcaoics MINFILE No.: 92HNE182 Latitude.: 49’59’18” of the central belt oo Swakum Mountain, 21 kilometres Map No.: L140 Longitude: 120’41’21 north-northeast of Merritt. The fust one is a band 30 metres wide trending north Three lenses of limestone enclosed involcania of the for 110 metrw in the ticioity of the abandoned workings central belt outcrop in the vicinity of Harmon Lake, northwest of the road that passes west of the lake. A lens of the Thelma claim group. It is comprised of dark grey of light creamy grey limestone 150 metres long and 60 limestone with some calcite stringers and chert nodules. metres thick forms a prominent bluff, 600 metres north of A second lens, striking OXP, outcrops over a length the road. A second lens of light creamy grey limestone, of 400 metres with an average width of 45 metres, about located 60 metres northwest of the fust lens, extends 1600 mews north of the fust band of limestone. It is made northeastward for 400 metres, with thicknesses of up to up of buff to grey limestone containing brown dolomite 120 metres. Protruding lumps and grains of dolomite and silica give the rock a rough weathered surface. Ao analysis gmios, calcite stringers and some thin, shaly interbeds. reported by McCammoo (1958b) is given in Table 22. Sulphides are exposed io a shallow pit near the centre of A thud lens of dark grey limestone in tuff and the lens. An analysis reported by McCammon (1958b) is sandstone outcrops over a length of 90 mews and a width given in Table 22. of 40 metres KKI metres northwest of the second lens. It is cut by calcite stringers and accompanied by some dolomite and silica. Selected Bibliography Selected Bibliography British Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines andPetroleum Remuces: Bdtish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Petroleum R.?SOlUKtX McCammoo, J.W. (1958b): Limestone in the Merritt Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages 94-%. McCammon, J.W. (1958b): Limestone in the Merritt Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages 94%. Nicola Lake NT.3 921/02E Law’s Camp (Tulameen) N’I-S: 92H/lOW MINFILE No.: 92ISE145 Latitude: 50’07’35 MINFILE No.: 92HNE066 Latitude: 4953’54 Map No.: L143 Longitude: 12094’29” Map No.: L141 Longitude: 120”54’10”

Open File 1992-18 93 Btitish Columbia

A lensof dark grey,siliceous limestone outcropsover Goudge,M.F (1944):Limestones of Canada,Report 811, a length of I50 m&es and a width of 60 metres,2.5 Part 5, pages183184. kilometressouth of N&la Lake, 16 kilometreseast of Merritt. The limestonelies within volcaaia of the central SHOEMAKER FORMATION belt.AnanalysisreportedbyMcCammon(1958b) isgiven in ‘lhble 22 The ShoemakerFormation con&s of siicified vol- can&, primarily greenstone.,with sometuff and breccia SelectedBibliography of Upper Triassic age, outcropping mostly west of British Columbia Minishy of Energy Mines and Pelmkum KeremeosCreek and southwest of theSiiameen River Rf30tUCeS: near Keremeos.The only limestoneof any signifcaace outcropson Oh& Creek north of Keremew. McCanunon,J.W. (1958b):Limestone in the Merritt Area; Miter of Mines Report,pages 94-%. SelectedBibliography British Columbia Ministry of Energy Minesand Pebvkum WMhachin N-l-3 921/14E, 11E Res0llnx.K Latitude: 50”45’30” MINFILE No.: 92INWO78 Meyers, R.H., Taylor, WA. and ‘Ibmpebnan-Kluit,D. Map No.: L144 Longitude: 121”01’55” (1989): Lode Gold-Silver Occurrences of the OkanaganRegion, Open FYe1989-5. Five lensesof limestoneoutcrop ia the sides of a valley southwest of Walhachin, 17.6 kilometres east- GeologicalSurvey of Canaaiz northeastof A&croft in the westernbelt. One leas 15to 23metres thick outcropsfor 60metres along the westside Bostock,H.S. (1940):Henley Area; Map 538A. of thevalley, 750 metres due south of theWalhachin Road Bostock,H.S. (1941):Olalla; Map 628A. bridge.It is composedof extensivelyfractured, dark grey Little, H.W. (1961):Geology of Kettle River (WestHalf) limestone with indusio~ of chert and dolomite. An Map Sheet;Map 15-1961. aaalysisreportedbyMcCammon(1958~1) isgiveniaTable Tempehnan-Kluit,DJ. (1989a):Geology of Penticton, 22. British Columbii; Map 1736A. SelectedBibliography Tempchnan-Kluit,DJ. (1989b):Geolcgical Map with Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, Bridsh Columbia Mb&y of Energy Mines and Pebvleum RadiometricAges and Gravity Field for Pen&on &?.WWCt3: Map Area (NTS 82E), SouthernBritish Columbii; OpenFile 1%9. McCammoa, J.W. (1958a):Limestone Deposits of the Ashcroft-ClintonArea; Mister of MimesReport, Olalla Creek N-I-S: 82E/05W pages92-93. MINFILE No.: 82ESW085 Latitude: 49”17’23 Map No.: L146 Longitude: 119”52’51” Rattlesnake Hill N-l-3 92I/ 14E MINFILE No.: 92INWO82 Latitude: 50”45’49 A northwest-trendinglens of limestone (marble) up Map No.: L145 Longitude: 121”12’00 to Ml metreswide outcropsfor 150metres along the north sideof Olalla Creek,5.1 kilometresnorthwest of Olalla. Severalmasses of limestoneoutcrop on the eastside It is comprisedof medium to coarse-graiaed,white to of andnear the top of RattlesnakeHi on the north bank greycrinoidallimestone,withirregularpatchesofreddish of the Thompson River, 5.3 kilometres northeast of and brown limestone.The rock is brecciatedand well Ashcroft.The limestoneis containedwithin a sequence fractured.A thin sectionof the browncrinoidal limestone of argillitesand quart&es of the westernbelt. contained20 per cent disseminatedquartz grains.An The depositsare comprisedof sugarytextured, light analysisreported by McCammon(1968) is ia Table22. greyto white limestonewith small massesand grainsof This deposit was assessedby Apex Exploration & Miig CompanyLtd. in 1968as a sourceof building white quartz and blue chert. Severaldikes intrude the stone.Atotalof665tonnesoflimestonewasquarriedthat liiestone. An analysisreported by Goudge (1944)is yearby RamsheadQuarries Ltd. &en in Table22. SelectedBibliography Canada Department of Mines and Resources:

94 Gmtq&d Suney Bmnch SelectedBibliography Limestoneoutcrops over a500 by 1GilOmetre area on the north side of Fulton Lake, 10 kilometres west of British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petmleum Resounes: TopleyLanding on Babiie Lake.An analysisreported by Westgarde(1988) is in Table22. Equity SilverMines Ltd. McCammon,J.W. (1968): Olalla CreekLimestone; Mii- sampledthe propertyin 1988during a searchfor a lwal ister of Mines Report,pages 322-323. source of limestone for acid neutralization at the Mehner, D.T. (1984): Geological and Geochemical company’smine nearHouston. Report on the Hex 1-8 Claims;Assessment Report SelwtedBibliography 12918,page 4. British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Pebvleum TAKLAGROUP Res0lIneS: The Takla Group is compriseddominantly of an- Equity Silver Mines Ltd., (1989):correspondence in In- desite,basalt, tuff andbreccia with minor conglomerate, dustrialMineral File. greywxke, shaleand limestoneunderlying a broadbelt Westgarde,E. (1988):prospecting report in Industrial extendingfrom the HorseflyLake areanorthwestward to Mineral File. north of the OminecaRiver. The groupalso occursfar- ther west in severalfault-bounded blocks on T&la Lake and on the west side of Babine Lake. Severallimestone Beverley N-I-3 93G/lSW depositsof the Takla Group locatedsouthwest of Prince MINFILE No.: 93G 042 Latitude: 53”45’48 George near Beverleyand west of Babiie Lake are Map No.: L148 Longitude: 122’56’00” describedbelow. A body of limestoneforms a low knoll projecting SelectedBibliography abovethe sumonndingglacial till near the centreof Lot GeologicrrlSurvey of Cana& 1893,6kilometres southwest of Beverley.The limestone strikes07Y and dips 55Qouthover an exposedlength of Richards,T.A. and Tipper, H.W. (1976):S&hers, B.C. 75 metreswith widthsof up to 30 metres.The depositis (92L); OpenFile 351. comprisedof thinly bedded,fme-grained, light greylime- stonecontainii lensesand laminaeof white chert. An Stott, D.F. (1936): Houston, Coast District, British analysisreported by McCammon(1957) is givenin Table Columbia(92L); Map 671A. 22. A few tonnesof limestonewere quarriedsometime Tipper, H.W. (1960):Prince George,British Columbia; before1957 and burnt in a lime kih~on site. Map 49-1960. Tipper, H.W. Campbell,R.B. and Taylor, G.C. (1979): SelectedBibliography ParsnipRiver, British Columbia;Map 1424A. Bndsh Columbia Mini&y of Energy, Mines and Petroleum RtXWCeS: Calcite Claims (F&on Lake) N-I-S:93L/16E MINFILE No.: 93L 308 Latitude: 54”49’00” McCammon, J.W. (1957): Limestone in the Prince Map No.: L147 Longitude: 126”17’18” George and Dawson Creek Areas; Minister of Mines Report,page 85.

Open File 199218 9s 96 Geological swwy Bmnch OMINECA BELT

INGENIKA GROUP Gabrielse, H. (1962): Kecbika, British Columbii; Map 42-1%2 The IngeniltaGroopiscompriscdofathicksequeace Gabrielse, H. (19’71): Operation FmIay, North-central of interbedded phyIlite, schist, quartzite and limestone of British Columbii; in Report of Activities, Paper Precambrian (Hadryaiaa) age stretching along the west 11-a pages 23.25. side of the Rocky Mountain Trench from the Manson River northwestward to the Turnagain River. A GabrieLse, H. (1975): Geology of the Fort Grahame East prominent carbonateunit,theEspeeFormatioqhasbeen Half Map-area; Paper 75-33, pages 3-4 and accom- mapped io detail north of the Ingenika River. South of the panying Map 2-1975. river, west of W&ton Lake, the Ingeoika Group contains Gabrielsc, H. (1977): Geology of Toodogone and Ware significant limestone occurrences that are also Iikely of Map-areas, British Columbii (94E, FW l/2); Open the Espee. Formation. File 483. The Espee Formation is undedaia by phyIIite and Mamy, J.L. (1971): Iageaika Group; in Report of Ac- minor thin-bedded Limestone of the Tsaydiz Formation tivities, Paper 71-lA, pages 26-28. and overlain by sandstone, shale and minor limestone of Mansy, J.L. (1972): Sratigraphy and Structure of the In- the SteIkuz Formation. North of the Ingeoika River the genika Group in Finlay and SwanneIl Raoges; in unit is coatiied to several paraUeI, northwest- trending Report of Activities, Paper 72-lA, pages 29-32. bands in the Russel, Espee and SwaaoeU Ranges. Thick- nesses ia this region (94CW, 94FW) range from l50 to Maasy, J.L.. (1974): Operation F&F ia Report of Ac- 400 metres. tivities, Paper 74-lA, pages 17-18. The Espee Formation is comprised of massive to Mamy, J.L. and Gabrielse, H. (1977): Stratigraphy, Ter- thin-bedded, commonly oolitic, white to grey, fine- minology and Correlation of Upper Proterozoic grained limestone, that is OccasionaUy rec@aIIized. Rocks in the Omioeca and Cassiar Mountains, Outcrops are typically resistant, massive, blue-grey to North-central British Columbii; Paper 77-19, pages ivory-weathering limestone interbedded with less fre- S-10. quent, recessive, well-bedded, yeUowish to buff-weather- Roots, E.F. (1954): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the ing limestone. The limestone becomes increasingly Aiken Lake Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir dolomitic io a northeastward direction, toward the Rocky 2l4, pages 55-63,6X9. Mountain ‘Reach. Northeast of the Rossel Range, adjacent to the trench, the unit is comprised entirely of Butler Range NTS: 94C/llE partly laminated, orange-buff to cream-weathering MINFILENo.: 94CO89 Latitude: 5637’16 dolomite. Map No.: L149 Longitude: 125”04’45 South of the Ingeoika River, @@cant limestone occurs in northwest-trending bands on the west side of A band of limestone outcrops 5 kilometres south of WilIiston Lake, probably representing the southward Ingeaika Cone on the north end of the Butler Range and continuation of the &pee Formation. This limestone is continues southeashvard for at least 10 kilometres along typicaIIy blue-grey to light grey to creamy white, massive the east flank of a belt of gaeiss, migmatite and am- to thickly bedded, rarely thin-bedded, recrystallized and phibolite of the Wolverine Complex. The Iimestooe is commonly oolitic. It frequently contains persistent zones light grey, medium grained and weU bedded. Streaks of of coarser grained, sugary, ivory-coloored calcite and white, slightly coarser graioed, thinly bedded carbonate sericite. In places it is silty, argilIaccous or carbonaceous accompany the Limestone. An analysis reported by Roots and occa.vionaUy interbedded with slate or phyIlite; the (1954) is given in Table 23. more massive I&stone is sometimes brecciated. In a few instances the limestone has been hydrothermally altered Selected Bibliography to siderite. Selected Bibliography Geological Survey of Can& Roots, E.F. (1954): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the A&en Lake Maparea, British Colombii; Memoir Armstrong, J.E. and Roots, E.F. (1954): A&en Lake, 214, pages 61-69. Cassiar District, British Columbia; Map 103OA.

Open File 1992-B 97 Lookout Hi NTS: 94C/llE Selected Bibliography MINFILE No.: 94C 086 Latitude: 56”41’12” Geolo&al Survtyof Cana&.. Map No.: L150 Longitude: 125”10’15” Roots, E.F. (1954): Geology and Mineral Depxits of the Aiken Lake Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir Limestone underlies a I300 by 760 metre area oo 274, pages 61-69. Lookout Hi south of the Ingenika River, 20 kilometres southwest of W&ton Lake. Analyses reported by Roots Swannell River (Orion Creek) NTS: 94C/12W (1954) are given in Table 23. MINFILE No.: 94C 088 Latitude: 5694’43” Selected Bibliography Map No.: L152 Longitude: 12Y45’19” Geological Sunwyof Canada: Limestone outcrops along the northeast side of Swannell River for 2500 metres, west of Orion Creek. The Roots, E.E (1954): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the strata strike l35” and dip 35’ southwest on the southwest Aiken Lake Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir limb of a northwest-trending anticline cored by schist, 214, pages 67-69. slate and phyllite. At 1250 m&es above the base of the lngenika Group Osilinka River (Tenakihi Creek) NTS: 94C/03E the limestone is ivory-buff to rose-yellow in colow and MINFILE No.: 94C 085 Latitude 56”9’34 poorly bedded to slatey with very thii sericitic and Map No.: L151 Longitude: 1;5”05’36 chloritic partings. Three hundred and sixty metres up section the rock is comprised of pale green and silver- A thick limestone member outcrops as a band loo0 buff, banded, sugary-textured micaceous limestone con- metres wide extending 3C00 metres north-northeast from tainiag numerous sericitic flakes and a few scattered the Osilinka River. The limestone and enclosing slate and grains of detrital quartz. The matrix consists of sheared, phyllite strike north and dip 30” to 40” west. medium-grained recrystallized calcite. Analyses The limestone is pale purple and buff-grey, fme reported by Rodts (1954) are in Table 23. grained and poorly bedded on the crest of a ridge north of the Osilinka River, east of Ten&hi Creek. Analyses Selected Bibliography reported by Roots (1954) are given in Table 23. Geolo@‘cal Survey of Canada: Beds of limestone east of Tenakihi Creek have been locally replaced by siderite. Roots, E.F. (1954): Geology aad Mineral Deposits of the TremoIite is IocaIIy developed in the Iimestone between Aiken Lake Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir the South Salmo River and the head of Aspen Creek. The 214, pages 61-69. Limestone is IocaUy altered to buff-weather& black to Mount Lay light grey, faintly banded to massive and fme-grained (SwannellRiver) N-l-S: 94C/12E, 11W dolomite. Dolomite masses are frequently associated MINFILE No.: 94C 087 Latitude: 5654’25” with sulphide mineraIization ia the western belt. Map No.: L153 Longitude: 125”30’01” Selected Bibliography Bdtish Columbia MinisbyofEnergK Mines andPetroleum Limestone is exposed along the crest of a ridge 4.8 RCSOU~CS: kilometres northwest of the summit of Mount Lay, west of the SwaoaeII River. It strikes north aad dips 40” west. FyIes, J.T. and Hewlett, C.G. (1959): Stratigmphy and The deposit is comprised of massive to platy, Iight piakish Structure of the SaImo Lead-zinc Area; Bulletin 41, grey, fme-gmioed limestone displaying round marlrings 1 pages 25-26,84-m. to 3 miIIimetres io diameter that resemble algal structures. III places the limestone has been replaced by buff to reddish brown, generally coarse-graiaed side&e. An analysis reported by Roots (1954) are in Table 23. Little, H.W. (1957): Nelson (West Half), Kootenay and Selected Bibliography Siieen Diitricts, British Columbia; Map 3 1956. Geologiccrl Survey of Con& Little, H.W. (19ao): Nelson Map Area, West Half, British Roots, E.F. (1954): Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Columbia; Memoir 308, pages 30-35 aad aczom- Aiken Lake pmying Map lO%A. Little, H.W. (1965): Salmo, British Columbia; Map BEEVESLIMESTONE 1145A. (LAIB FORMATION) Little, H.W (1985): Geological Notes, Nelson West Half Map Area; Open PiIe 1195, pages 67. The Reeves Limestone comprises the basal car- WaIker, J.F. (1934): SaImo Sheet; Map 299A. bonate member of the Laib Formation, a succession of phyllite, schist, quartzite and limestone of Lower Cambrian age. The Reeves member lies at or near the Lost Creek NT3 82F/03E base of the formation ia contact with underlying inter- MMFILE No.: 82FSW307 Latitude: 49’04’54” bedded phyIIite, argiIIite aad limestone of the Truman Map No.: L154 Longitude: 117Y4’27” member or with quart&e and phyIIite of the Rena For- mation. It is overlain by black argiIIite of the Emerald Limestone is mined underground on the north side member. of Lost Creek, 285 Uometres northeast of its cooIluence The Laib Formation is exposed ia three belts extend- with the South Sahao River. The mine is developed in a ing northeastward from the U.S. border, south of the body of limestone strikiago60” and dipping45” southeast. Pend d’OreiUe River and east of the SaImo River, for The deposit consists mostly of massive, sugary tex- lengths of up to 40 Lrilometres. The Reeves Limestone tured, fme-graiaed (1 mm) white limestone mottled io outaops as discontiouous bands within these belts due to places with a light yellow coloar. Zones of light to dark extensive foldiag and faulting. The more significant Lime- grey banded limestone, occasionally with rusty streaks, stone occurrences are ail ia the western belt, where the occur within the mine. An analysis reported by Hors Reeves member initially trends east-northeast along the (19%) is given in Table 24. The ground limestone is south side of the Pend d’OreiIIe River to its coatluence reported to have a brightness of 94.85 per cent. with the Sahno River. It continues north-northeast, most- Limestone has been mined here by International ly along the east side of the Sahao River, to a point 6.8 Marble &Stone Company siace late 1983 after abaadoa- kilometres due east of the town of SaImo. Overall the ing the quarry on Swift Creek (Ll55). A total of 26 380 limestone varies from ?o to 150 metres thick and from Sil tonnes of Limestone was mined between 1984 and 1987. It to 107 metres thick within the western belt. is trucked to Sirdar where it is crushed aad ground to The Reeves member is comprised of blue-grey produce a variety of sized products. weathering, grey and white banded to black and white banded to a more uniform grey or white, fme to medium- Selected Bibliography grained Limestone with minor quartz aad moscovite. In British Colwnbia Minishy ofEnew, Mines and Peboleum places bedding planes are coated with mica flakes. Resources:

Open File 1992-H 99 TABLE 24 ANALYSES OF REEVES LlMESTONEs

Hors, ZD. (1986): New Developments in Industrial South Salmo River N-I-S: 82F/03W Minerals, in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper MlNFILE No.: 82FSW339 Latitude: 49Yl4’39 1986-1, page 240. Map No.: L156 Longitude: 117Y5’45”

Swift Creek N-l-3 82F/O3W Limestone outcrops in a series of bluffs on either side MINFILE No.: 82FSW215 Latitude: 49”04’06 of the South Sahno River just east its confluence with the Map No.: L155 Longitude: 117’16’55 Sahno River. These exposures are at the south end of a bandoflimestone upto 1 kilometrewideextendingnorth- A band of limestone outcrops on Swifi Creek, 500 east for 45 Lilometres. Bedding generally strikes east to metm northwest of its confluence with the Sahno River, northeast and dips 39 to 5Y south. and continues northeastward for 450 metres. Bedding The bluffs are comprised of lime to medium-grained strikes 049” and dips 40” northwest. The deposit is corn- thin-bedded white and blue limestone with siIiceous and prised of beds of blue grey and white medium-grained dolomitic interbeds. I[LIo analyses reported by FyIes limestone 2.5 to 5 centimetres thick interlayered with a (1956) are in Table 24. few zones of coarse-grained, white limestone (marble) 60 to 90 centimetres thick. An analysis reported by Mc- Selected Bibliography Gammon (1962) is in Table 24. Brifish Columbia Minisby of Energy Mines and Penoleum International Marble & Stone Company initially Resounxs: quarried some limestone in 1962,011 Lot L594,9U me&es north of Swift Creek. Fyles, J.T. (1956): memorandum, March 28, in Industrial Quarrying operations recommenced in I%9 and Mineral File. continued up to 1983, when the company encountered McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West access problems to the site. A total of 70 470 tonnes of Kootenay Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages limestone was quarried between 1972 and 1983. 172-173. Selected Bibliography Wallack Creek N-IX 82F/03W Bn’dsh Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Petroleum MINFILE No.: 82FSW262 Latitude: 49”02’23” Resources: Map No.: L157 Longitude: 117019’24”

McCammon, J.W. (1962): International Marble and Limestone outcrops 2.50 to 1200 metres north of the Stone Company Limited; Minister of Mines Report, Salmo River, east of WaIIack Creek. The unit strikes OX? page W. for 950 metres and dips 45” southeast. Exposed widths vary from 2.50 to 320 metres. The limestone is fme to medium-grained and uniform grey to thinly banded black and white in colour. Analyses of two samples collected

1W Gedogicnl SurveyBmnch along the lowest limestone bluffs 180 to 270 m&es north Fyles, J.T. and Eashvocd, G.E.P. (1%2): Geology of the of the saImo V&y logging road are given ia Table 24. Ferguson Lake Area, Lardeau District, British Columbia; B&tin 45, pages 17-18. Selected Bibliography H6y, T. (1980): Geology of the Riondel Area, Central Kootenay Arc, Southeastern, British Columbia; BaUetia 73, page 26.

Fyles, J.T. (1956): memorandum, March 28, ia Industrial Geolegical Stmy of Clutada. Mineral File. Bancroft, M.F. (1929): Lardeau Area; Map 235A. BADSHOT FORMATION Cairncs, C.E. (1934): Slocan Mining Camp, British Columbia; Memoir 173, page 34. The Badshot Formation is a widespread Iimestone- Reesor, J.E. (1957): Lardeau (East Half), Kootenay Dis- dolomite unit of Lower Cambrian age in the southeastern trict, British Columbia; Map 12-1957. Omiaeca Belt. It is underlain by interbedded calcareoas schist, quartzite and marble of the Lower Cambrian Reescq J.E. (1972): Geology of the Lardeau Map-area, East Half, British Columbi; Memoir 369, pages Mohicaa Formation or by qurtzite and schist of the 58-59 aad accompanying Map l326A. Lower Cambrian HamiII Group and is overlain by xhiit, go&s, amphibolite and marble of the Middle Cambrian Reesor, J.E. (1982): Kaslo; Open File 929. to Mississippian Lardeau Group. Rice, H.M.A. (1941): Nelson Map Area, East Half; The Badshot Formation outcrops in a broad arc Memoir 228, pages XI-21 and accompanying Map beginning east of Nelson on the west side of Kootenay 6Q3A. Lake, crossing Kootenay Lake east of Proctor to Craw- WaIker, J.F. (1930): Lardeau Map-area, British C&m- ford Bay and continuing northward along the east side of bii General Geology, Memoir 161, pages 10-11, the lake. The formation continues northwestward 114. though Rogers Pass to just east of the Columbia River, Wheeler, J.O. (1962): Rogers Pass Map Area, British north of Revelstoke. It is also exposed north of Kaslo on Cohmbii; Paper 62-32, pages 6-7 and accompany- the west side of the lake. The bed commonly outcrops as ing Map 43-1962. a s&es of parallel bands trending north to northwest due Wheeler, J.O. (1965): Big Bend Map Area, British to repetition by complex folding. The formation tends to Columbia; Paper 64-35 pages 11-12 aad accom- be thickened in the c0r.z of the folds and thinned along panying Map 12-1964. their limbs, making it diffmdt to estimate it.5 true thickness. North of Crawford Bay the unit varies from 15 to Xl Crawford Creek IQ-S 82F/lOW metres in true thickness, but is IocaIIy thickened up to MINFILE No.: 82FNE113 Latitude: 49”41’33 several hundred m&es along some of the folds. In the Map No.: DO06 Longitude: 116’48’06 Duncan Lake area, north of Kootenay Lake, true thicknesses range from 6 to 100 m&es. The unit is commonly comprised of massive to Dolomite is mined underground by International banded, dark grey to white, fme to medium-grained Marble % Stone Company, 600 m&es south of Crawford recrystalIized limestone with some tremolite, phlogopite, Creek, 2.4 kilometres northeast of the Crawford Bay Post Oft&. graphite and wolIastoaite. In a few iastaaces, such as north of Crawford Bay, in the Duncan Lake area and The mine is situated in a band of Limestone and north of Revelstoke, the entire formation is locally corn- dolomite extending north-northeast of the head of Craw- prised of black to gr’ey to white, fme to medium-grained ford Bay for at least 12 kilometres. The bed outcrops dolomite, usuaIIy with some siliceous impurities. along the east flank of the Preacher Creek antiform, a tight, overturned, eastward-closing fold cored by pneiss, Selected Bibliography schist and amphibolite of the Middle Cambrian to Mii- sissippiaa Lardeau Group. At the mine site a foliation Btitish Columbia Minisby of Enemy, Mines andPetroleum that possibly represents bedding strikes 010” aad dips 26’ Resources: west. Elsewhere the dip is much steeper. The deposit is comprised of white, medium-grained Fyles, J.T (1964): Geology of the Duncan Lake Area, Lardeau District, British Columbia; Bulletin 49, dolomite containing scattered crystals of various pages 24-25,67-69. metamorphic minerals, especiaUy quartz and tremolite. The dolomite develops a brown staining on weathered surfaces. The stone exhibits a brightness of 93.05 per cent (green fdter) when ground to -200 mesh (J. HaIIiday,

Open File 1992-18 101 TABLE 25 ANALYSES OF BADSHOT LIMESTONES

1991, personaI communication). Numerous randomly Or0 Vlejo Claims NT3 82M/lOE orientated fractures occur with spacings of 10 to l5 cen- MINFILE No.: 82M 254 Latitude: 51539’27” timetres. An analysis reported by McCammon (1964) is Map No.: DO07 Longitude: lW35’53 in Table 25. International Marble and Stone Company initiaIIy A body of dolomite comprising the Badsbot Forma- quarried dolomite on the south side of Crawford Creek, tion trends north-northwest for 7 kilometres, crossing the 600 metres north of tbe current mine site, during 1962 and Goldstream River a kilometre east of its cmdluence with 1963. In 1%4 quarrying began at the current site. Under- tbe Cobxnbia River, approximately 78 kilometres nortb- ground mining began in 1969 in order to produce a northwest of Revelstoke. The unit dips gently to the west. cleaner product. Between 1962 and 1987 some 689 Ooo An average foliation strikes 09U’ and dips 36” north. A tonnes of dolomite were mined. The dolomite is trucked decoIIement may have caused local thickening of tbe to the company’s plant in Sirdar where it is crushed, formation. ground and screened to produce a variety of sized The deposit consists of snow-white, microctystaUine, products. earthy to chalky massive dolomite, displaying zones of Selected Bibliography tectonic brecciation along the strike of the formation. A zone of high-purity dolomite (95-95’ per cent dolomite) Bndslt Columbia Minisby of Energy,Mines and P&ohm o-s over a strike length of 4 kiIometres with a width of Resources: 500 m&es in the north and over 1500 metres in the south Outcrops at various elevations suggest that the bigh- McCammon, J.W. (EM): Interaaticnd Marble and purity zone extends down dip for a vertical depth of at Stone Company Limited; Miter of Mines Report, least 550 m&es. This zone is estimated to contain a page 184. significant tonnage of high- purity dolomite. The average Olson, P.E. (1974): Crawford Creek Dolomite Quarry; in analysis of 27 grab samples collected over a 73 kilometre Geology, Exploration and Mining in British Colum- strike length is given in Table 2.5. The range of composi- bia 1973, page 541. tions (ii per cent) is as follows (Komarecbka, 1987, p. lOa): CaO, 29.94 to 49.66; MgO, 4.59 to 21.72; SiOz, 0.04 to 4.06; AI2.0% 0.02 to 1.2& Fe203,O.C@ to 0.60; MnO, 0.006 to O.O!Xl;TiO2, 0.02 to 0.07; NazO, 0.003 to 0.100; KzO,O.C01 to0.30&L.0.1.,42.2525o47.15.Niieteenofthe

IO2 GeoIcgicaI Sumy Bmnch samples contained greater than 21 per cent MgQ and L.ardeau NT3 82K/O2W seventeen less than 0.10 per cent SiQz. MINFILE No.: 82KSEO77 Latitude: 50’09’40” This property was mapped and sampled by R.G. Map No.: L159 Longitude: 116”57’32” Komarecbka in 19%‘. Selected Bibliography Limestone outcrops along a CIiff on the west side of Kootenay Lake, north of Lardeau. The outcrop is part of Btitish colwnbia MinishyofEnergK Mines~dPetmleum a narrow band of limestone trending northward for 4.4 ResourceS: kilometres. The limestone dips gently westward on the east limb of a tight overturned antiform cored by schist of Komarechka, R. (1987): Geological Report on the Oro the overlying Lardeau Group. Viejo Claims, Assessment Report 16604. A quarry on the north end of the band exposes medium-grained, dark bluish grey to banded bluish grey Marble Head N-IX 82KfO7W and white limestone, containing some interbeds of highly MINFILE No.: 82KSE076 Latitude: 50”15’38” siliceous limestone 5 centimetres to at least 60 ten- Map No.: L158 Longitude: 11658’20” timetres thick. Quartz stringers and thin streaks of brown- weathering slate are also evident. An analysis reported by A band of limestone outcrops between 0.4 and 1.6 Goudge (1944) is ia lhble 25. kilometres north of Marble Head just north of Kootenay Tbe limeskme was quarried for tlux for the smelter Lake. Bedding strikes 120” to l2Y and dips 4(p northeast. at Nelson between 1896 and 1907. The quarry is Theunitiswtimatedtobe150me~esthidcatthisIocality. developed at the foot of the limestone cliff, 1.6kilometres Tbe band is compri.uxl of fine to medium-grained, north of Lardeau. uniform white to banded bluish grey and white limestone Selected Bibliography containing a few siIiccoas streaks, a few flakes of golden mica and some graphite. In one instance a few veins of Bdtish Columbia Minisby of Ena Mines andPetmleum white quartz cat the limestone. Analyses reported by Resources: Goudge (1944) are in Table 25. Blocks of marble were produced for structural ap McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West plications from a quarry 0.45 kilometre north of Marble Kcmtenay Area; Minister of Miies Report, page Head and from an underground chamber 0.65 kiIometre 172. farther north, by the Canadian Granite andMarble Com- pany Ltd. between 1909 and 1936. Canado Depatiment of Mines and Resotnces:

Selected Bibliography Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, British Columbia MbdsbyofEn~ MinesandPeboleum Part 5, pages 210,212 Rt-SOtOWS: Pilot Point (Crawford Peninsula) NTS: 82F/lOW McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West MINFILE No.: 82FNEO75 Latitude: 49”38’00” Kooteaay Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages Map No.: DO08 Longitude: 116’49’47 170-171. White, G.V. (1987): Dimension Stone Quarries in British A band of dolomite outcrops on the east shore of Columbia; in Geological Fieldwork 1986, Paper Kootenay Lake, 3 kiIometres northwest of Cape Horn 1987-1, pages 311-317. (Pilot Point), and continues northeastward for 3.5 kilometres acrms Crawford Peninsula to Crawford Bay. Canada Depcubnent of Mines and Resources: The band, which strikes 040” and dips 70” northwest oa Kootenay Lake, is 150 metres thick at this location. Goudge, M.P. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, The exposures on Kootenay Lake are white to yel- Part 5, pages 207-210. lowish white, medium-grained dolomite with quartz Parks, WA. (1917): Report OIL the Building and Or- veins, golden mica grains and patches ofvarious silicates. namental Stones of Canada; Report 452, Volume 5, The dolomite becomes interbedded with schistose rocks pz?gM 128-w. near the northern edge of the band. Numerous dikes intrude the dolomite. An analysis reported by Goudge (1944) aad a second on diamond-driU core are ia Table 2.5. Diamond drilling by International Marble and Stone Company in 1973 and 1976 on the northeast end of the

Open File 1992-18 103 bandat CrawfordBay encountered mostly white to bluish Thebediscomprisedpredominantlyofcalciumlime- greydolomite with somepink andrusty zones. stoneinterbedded with dolomite.Near the Bluebellmine thelimestonecontainsgalenaandpyritewithsilicatesand SelectedBibliography graphite.Tremolite and quartz becomeabundant near British Columbia Minisby ojEnerg~ Mines and P&oleum the top and bottom of the bed. An analysisreported by ReSOUtWC Goudge(1944) is in Table2.5. A small amountof limestone was quarriedfrom this location to producelime, some- Lysohirka,T. (1976):Diamond Drilling Report oa the time before1944. CottageClaims; Assessment Report 6249. SelectedBibliography Rookes,W. (1973):Diamond Drilling ReportOIL the Cot- tageClaims, Assessment Report 4923. Btitish Columbia Minisby ojEnergK Mines and Petroleum Resourcl?s: Canada Deporbnent ofMines and Resources: McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, KootenayArea; Miter of Mines Reporf page Part 5, page212. 172.

Schroeder Creek N-l-5 82K/O2W Conedo Depumzent of Mines and Resourres: MINFILE No.: 82KSE082 Latitude: 50’02’05” Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Map No.: L160 Longitude: 116’54’34” Part 5, pages211-212.

Liiestonc wasquarried earlier this centurynear the Albert Canyon N-l-3 82N/O4W mouth of SchroederCreek on the westside of Kootenay Lake for flux for the smelterat Nelson.The quarrylies in MINF%E No.: 82N 072 Latitude: 51”09’05 a bandof light greyto dark grey,massive, coarse-graiaed Map No.: L162 Longitude: 117”49’42 limestonethat trendsnorth-northwest for 2.0kilometres, crossingthe creek0.4 kilometre above its mouth.The bed A bed of limestone15 me&s thick, correlatedto the dips steeplyto the east.Analyses reported by Cairoes Lower CambrianBadshot Formation, outcrops on either (1934)are in Table25. side of the Illecillewaet River in Albert Canyon, 10 kilometressouthwest of Glacier National Park.The bed SelectedBibliography strikesnorthwest for 1500metres and dips 40”northeast. It generallyconsists of fine to medium-grained,bluish Btitish Columbia Mb&y ojEnergu Mines and Petroleum grey limestoneinterbedded with some light grey lime- Resourct?s: stone. Ia places it is comprised almost entirely of McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West dolomite.The depositiscut bythin, white cakiteveinlets. KootenayArea; Miter of Mines Report, page Occasionalcrystals of sphaleriteare also present.AII 172. analysisreported by Goudge(1944) is in Tbble25. The limestonewas used to producelime in a pot kiln on the southside of the CanadianPacific Railwaytrack, Geologid Sovey of Canada: sometimeprevious to 1940.In the early1940s the deposit Cairnes, C.E. (1934): Slocan Mining Camp, British wasinvestigated as a potentialsource of marble. Columbia;Memoir 173,page 34. SelectedBibliography Comzda Deporbnent ofMines and Resources: Riondel N-l-S: 82F/lSW MINFILE No.: 82FNE1.57 Latitude: 49”45’40” Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada,Report 811, Map No.: L161 Longitude: 116Y1’30 Part 5, pages187-188,191. Limestoneoutcrops along the west shoreof Galena TSHINAKIN LIMESTONE Bay on the eastside of KootenayLake and continues (EAGLE BAY ASSEMBLAGE) northwardacross a small promontoryjutting out into the The EagleBay assemblage contains a prominentunit lake for 1600metres. The bed strikesnorth and dips 35” of Lower Cambrianlimestone outcropping in theAdams west.Thicknesses vary up to 60 metres. Lake region,referred to as theTshinakin limestone mem-

104 Gm’ogiiat SurveyBmnch her. It lies endosed in chloritic schists and greenstones 8ZM/4, SW; 92P/lE, 8E); in Geological Fieldwork derived from matic volcanics and volcanicIastics. 1979, Paper 1980-1, page. 33. The T&II&II member is well exposed in a belt ex- Schiarizza, p. (1983): Geology of the Barr&e River - tending northwestward from Piia Mountain cm Adams Clearwater Area; Preliminary Map 53. Plateau across Adams Lakefor22kiIometres tojustsouth S&i+ p. (1986a): Geology of the Eagle Bay Forma- of South Bar&e Lake, where it terminates abruptly. It tion between Raft and BaIdy Batholiths @M/5 ,ll, is inferred that this termination marks an original inter- 12); in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper 1986-l. ruption in the carbonate bank or reef complex as the units pages 90-92. above and below continue to the northwest. The unit also Schiarii, R (1986b): Geology of the Vavenby Area occurs in several im.guIar bands that extend eastward (82M/5,11,12); open File. 1986-5. from Scotch Creek to Seymour Arm on the north side of Schiarizza, Pi and P&o, VA. (1984): Geology of the Shuswap Lake. To the northwest, near the southern mar- Adams PIateau - Clearwater Area; Preliminary Map & of the Baldy batholith, the Tshinakin limestone is 56. exposed on the east side of the North Barr&e River, 6 Schiarim, p. and Preto, VA. (1984): Geology of the kilometresnorthofitsconnuencewith theBarriereRiver. Adams Plateau - Clearwater - Vavenby Area; Paper It reappears on the north side of the Baldy batholith, 19872, pages 18-20. outcropping just north and south of Vavenby cm either side of the North Thompson River. The unit IocaIIy ap- proaches 1000 metres in thickness. Campbell, R.B. (1%3): Adams Lake Map-area, British The Tshinakin Limestone is comprised predominant- Columbia; Map 48-1963. ly of light grey to white, massive, fme-grained limestone OkuIitch, A.V. and Campbell, R.B. (1979): Lithology, that is sometimes interbedded with quartzite and phyIIite. The unit is dolomitic in a few instances. Stratigraphy, Structure and Mineral Occurrences of the Thompson-Shuswap-Okanagan Area, British Selected Bibliography Columbia; Open File 637. Bitid: Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Vavenby N-I-S: 82M/12E Resounes: MINFILE No.: 82M 182 Latitude: 51535’40” Map No.: L163 Longitude: 119”44’40 Preto, VA (1979): Bar&e Lakes - Adams Plateau Area (82U13E; 82Ml4,W 92P/lE,SE); in Geological This deposit is situated 1 to 5 kilometres northwest Fieldwork 1978, Paper 1979-1, page 34. of Vavenby on the north side of the North Thompson Preto, VA., McLaren, G.P. and Schiarizza, I! (1980): River. Limestone. was quarried here up to 1933. A band Bar&e Lakes - Adams Plateau Area (8ZUl3E; of limestone extends northwest of Vavenby for 4

Open File 1992-B 105 Brirish C&m bia

kilometres, forming a small steep-sided mountain known White, G. (1974): Preliminary Report - Marje Claims 1 to locally as “Liie Bluff’. The limestone is locally up to 4; unpublished report in Property File. several hundred metres thick and continues southeastward, crossing the North Thompson River. MURAL FORMATION The deposit is comprised mostly of sugary textured, The Mural Formation is a Lower Cambrian tit pale blue tonearlywhite, massive, high-calcium limestone comprised of two carbonate members separated by a that tends to break into small angular fragments. The shale member exposed west of the Rocky Mountain easternmost knob of the mountain exposes pale blue, Trench. The unit generally outcrops in northwest-trend- brown-weathering dolomite with irregular masses and ing bands of varying length projecting above Pleistocene veins of quartz. An analysis reported by Goudge (1944) to recent glacial sediments east and southeast of Purden is in Table 26. A small quarry and lime kiln were operated Lake toBowronLakeProvincialP& betweentheFraser by W. Elliot during the early 1930s. and Bowron Rivers. The formation varies in thickness Selected Bibliography from I50 metres near the Rocky Mountain Trench to 730 metres farther west. Canada Depiment ofMines and Resources: The limestone is typically medium to light grey, mas- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, sive, fme-grained and variably dolomitic and oolitic. Part 5, pages 216-217. SelectedBibliography Onyx Creek (Maje Claims) N-IS: 82M/03W British Columbia Minisny of Enem Mines andPe@&um MINFILE No.: 82M 183 Latitude: 51”02’19” Resounxx Map No.: L164 Longitude: 119”17’07” Lay, D. (1941): Fraser River Tertiary Drainage History in Relation to Placer Gold Deposits; Bulletin 11, pages This occurrence is located on the southwest Ilank of 31-32. Crowfoot Mountain, 16 kilometres north of Maona Bay on Shuswap Lake. ltuo limestone horizons of the Geological Surveyof Cm& Tshinakin member outcrop in the headwaters of Onyx Campbell, R.B., Mountjoy, E.W. and Young, F.G. (1973): (Manson) Creek, east of Scotch Creek. They are separated by 140 metres of interbedded phyllite and Geology of the McBride Map-area, British Colum- quartzite. The entire sequence is intruded by a few bii; Paper 72-35, pages 51-54 and accompanying Map l356A. lamprophyric to dioritic dikes and s&The beds generally strike 090” and dip 45” north. Taylor, G.C. and St&t, D.E (1979): Monkman Pass Map The upper unit is comprised of approximately 45 area, British Columbia (931); Open File 630. m&es of white to greyish white, white-weathering, medium-grained (1-2 mm) recrystalliid, dolomitic lime- Ptamigaan Creek (Urling) NTS: 93H/lOW stonethat iscutbyanetworkofopaquewhitequartzveios MINFILE No.: 93H 017 Latitude: 53”40’46” near contacts with the enclosing hostrocks. Some patches Map No.: L165 Longitude: 120’54’30 and seams of buff-coloured argillaceous and siliceous rock occur within the limestone. Minor graphite is also A band of limestone outcrops on Ptarmigan Creek present. Near the base of the unit the limestone is in- and continues southeastward along the west side of the truded by some porphyritic lamprophy~e dikes at least 1.5 Fraser River for 5 kilometres. The band varies up to 800 metres tide. The limestone horizon outcrops over a 300 m&es in width. Bedding strikes 120” to 150” and dips 2.5 by90 metre area. to 40” southwest. The lower unit 18 metres thick, contaios tine-grained, The band is composed mostly of pale blue to grcy, white-weathering limestone with some pyrite. Mag- high-calcium limestone, with some pink and light brown nesium and silica contents vary up section and along streaks, patches and lenses of magnesian limestone strike. developed along vertical to steeply dipping fracture The deposit was staked by Oman Paquette in 1973. zones. The limestone in these fracture zones contains Development work is limited to some trenching and disseminated dolomite and minor quartz and muscovite diamond drilling. of hydrothermal origin. Several such zones have been exposed in a quarry face. Analyses reported by Goudge Selected Bibliography (1944) are in Table 26. A quarry has been developed on the east side of British Columbia Minishy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources: Ptarmigan Creek, at the north end of a northwest-trending ridge, 2.5 kilometres due west of Urling. It was initially

llm Geoto&at Sumy Bmwh operated by the Canadian National Railway as early as Sues.%,M. (1987): Prince George Calcareous Deposits; the 1940s to supply limestone for railroad ballast. Be- unpublished report in Industrial Mineral File. tween 1967 and 1984 the quarry was operated by Quesnel Readi-Mii Cement Co. Ltd. A total of 3.35 million tonnes Hansard N-I?3 931/04W of limestone has been produced of which 514 Ooo tonnes MINFILE No.: 931006 Latitude: 54”05’45” were supplied to pulp mills and 2 837 000 tonnes were Map No.: L167 Longitude: 12153’21” used for riprap and railroad ballast. SelectedBibliography A body of limestone forms a ridge extending northwest along the south side of the old Highway 16, Btitish Columbia MinisUyofEnergy, Mines andPetroleum between 1.6 and 4 kilometres northwest of the railway RfXXWCeS: crossing at H-d. The deposit consists of massive, fme to medium- McCammon, J.W. (1973): Ptarmigan Creek Quarry; in grained, light grey to black, intensely fractured limestone. Geology, Exploration and Miig in British Colum- It is intruded by a few dikes and cut by numerous white bia 1972, pages 601-602. calcite veinlets. An analysis reported by McCammcm (1957) is in Table 26. Canada Depwiment of Mines and Resounxs: tie small quarries opened up on the deposit produced limestone for road building material sometime Goudge, M.l? (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, between 1957 and 1965. Part 5, pages 220221. SelectedBibliography Bowmn River N’I-S: 92H/12E British Columbia Ministry of Enem Mines and Pebolewn MINFILE No.: 93H 073 Latitude: 53”42’40 Resourct?s: Map No.: L166 Longitude: 121’41’38 McCammon, J.W. (1957): Limestone in the Prince Limestone of the Mural Formation (?) outcrops over George and Dawson Creek Areas; Minister of a 750 by 1OUOmetre area on the steep west side of a small Miiw Report, pages 84.85. conical mountain, 4.5 kilometres east of the Bowon McCammon, J.W. (1965): Hans& Miter of Miies River, 23.8 kilometres south-southeast of the junction of Report, page 266. Highway 16 and the Bowron River logging road. The deposit is comprised of medium to coarse- Camdo Depiment of Mines and Resources: grained (3-5 mm), white to grey to black limestone. The white toligbt greyrockoccurshigherupthemountainside Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, while the dark grey to black variety crops out near the Part 5, pages 220-221. base of the mountain. Analyses reported by Hors (1986) and Suess (1987) are in Table 26. Highway 16 N-I-S: 93H/13E Western Lie & Marble Inc. developed a small quar- MINFILE No.: 93H 020 Latitude: 53’53’47 ry in the face of a cliff in 1983. Some limestone intended for the agricultural markets in Alberta was crushed on Map No.: L168 Longitude: 121”41’38 site. The high cost of transporting the product to Alberta Black, well-bedded limestone of uniform appearance led to the closure of the operation. is exposed in a road-cut 400 metres long along Highway SelectedBibliography 16,R kilometres east of Prince George. The beds, which strike 110” and dip 25” north, vary from a few centimetres British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Petroleum to a few metres thick. An analysis reported by Mc- Resources: Gammon (1970) is in Table ‘26. Hors, Z.D. (1984): Industrial Minerals and Structural Selected Bibliography Materials; in Geological Fieldwork 1983, Paper 1984-1, pages 215,216. British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources: Hors, Z.D. (1986): New Developments in Industrial Minerals; in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper McCammon, J.W. (1970): Limestone - Highway 16; in 1986-1, page 240. Geology, Exploration and Miig in British Colum- bia 1969, page 3%.

Open File 1992-18 107 LOWER CAMBRIAN LIMESTONE - SelectedBibliography MCLEOD LAKE-CROOKED RIVER AREA Blitish Columbia Minimy of Energv, Mines andPetroleum A Lower Cambrian sequence of dolomite and lime- Resources: stone with interbedded sandstone, quart&e, shale and siltstone outcrops in a series of parallel bands extending Klein, G. (1983): Geological Report on the Proposed southeastward from McLeod and Waston lakes, be- Tacheeda Lakes Limestone Quq, unpublished tween the Parsnip and Crooked rivers. It is underlain by report in Industrial Mineral File. slates and greywackes of the M&&i&a Group and overlain by shales, slates, siltstones and thin-bedded lime- NELWAY FORMATION stones of the Kechiia Group. The Nelway Formation consists of a Middle SelectedBibliography Cambrian carbonate sequence correlated with the MetaJ- line limestone of WashingtonState, just across theborder. GeologicalSurvey of Canada: The unit is underlain by quartrite and phyllite of the Lower Cambrian Laib Formation and overlain by argillite Armstrong, J.E., Tipper, H.W., Hoadly. J.W. and Muller, of the Ordovician Active Formation. J.E. (1962): McLeod Lake, British Columbii; Map The Nelway Formation is confined to two irregular 2-1962. belts extending northeast from the U.S. border to the Armstrong, J.E., mpper, H.W., Hoadly. J.W. and Muller, South Salmo River on either side of the Sheep Creek J.E. (1969): McLeod Lake, British Columbia; Map anticline. Thewestern belt stretches from Nelwayand the 1204A. Pend d’oreille River at the 49th Parallel to just east of Rosebud Lake, a length of 9 kilometres. The eastern belt ‘lhcheeda Lakes NTS: 93J/lOE extends northeastward from the border for 63 kilometres MINFILE No.: 935 019 Latitude: 54’43’00” to Ripple Creek, crossing the South Salmo River. The Map No.: L169 Longitude: 12251’44 formation is estimated to be l370 to 1520 metres thick. The tit is comprised of three members, a lower The Tacheeda Lakes prospect lies within a band of limestone, a middle dolomite and a an upper limestone. Lower Cambrian carbonates that trends northwest for 41 The limestone members are locally dolomitized, some- kilometres and varies up to 5 kilometres in width. times making it difticult to separate these two members Limestone is exposed in an old quarry adjacent to the from the middle. dolomite. B.C. Railway, jusx northeast of the isthmus separating the The lower member is comprised of 150 to 240 metres Tacheeda Lakes. Smaller exposures occur in a road-cut of dark blue to grey to white, fme-grained limestone and 130 metres northwest of the quarry. The limestone is argillaceous limestone that is interbedded with cal- estimated to be at or near surface in an area 80 to 100 careous phyllite near its base. metres wide extending for 280 metres northwest of the The middle member consists either of massive light quarry. Indistinct bedding at the quarry strikes 110’ and to dark grey or banded light grey and black, fme-grained dips 50” south, while in a road-cut to the northwest it dolomite that is siliceous in many places. In the eastern strikes 155” and dips 45” east. belt, on either side of the South Salmo River, rounded The limestone is dark grey to black and very fme- chert nodules locally form more than half of the rock. This grained. The rock is cut by veins of creamy white calcite member together with the upper member ranges in thick- up to 0.5 metre wide. ness from 1200 to 1370 m&es. Nine chip samples taken perpendicular to strike over The upper member is exposed at only a few locations widths of 5 m&es averaged 52.7 per cent CaO (94.1 per north of the border. The limestone is thinly banded black cent CaCO$ (Klein, 1983, p. 6). The calcite veins were and white on the east side of Russian Creek between the excluded from sampling because of their erratic nature. Pend d’oreille River and the border. Numerous chert Probable (indicated) and possible (inferred) reserves are nodules are present near its base. each estimated at 750 Ooo tonnes for a total of 1.5 million SelectedBibliography tonnes (Klein, 1983, p. 7). B.C. Railway Co. initially quarried some of the lime- British Columbia Mitt&y ofEnergy. Mines and Petroleum stone for railroad ballast. Diamond Limestone Ltd. Resourres: proposed developing the deposit to supply agricultural limestone to Alberta. Some mapping and sampling was Fyles, J.T. and Hewlett, C.G. (1959): Stratigraphy and conducted by the company in 1983. Structure of the Sahno Lead-zinc Area; Bulletin 41, pages 28-U). Iain by variousunits, suchas the Mis&sippian Miiord Group. Some outcropsof the Badshotlimestone were Little, H.W. (1957):Nelson (West Half), Kmtenay and initiaIly includedwith the LardeauGroup (Cairnes, 1934, Siameen Ditricts, British Columbia; Map > Rice, 1941). 1956. The distriiution of the La&au Group is similar to Little, H.W. (1960):Nelson Map Area, WestHalf, British the Badshot Formation. It outcrops on either side of Columbia; Memoir 308, pages35-39 and accom- KootenayLakeandfromthenorthendofKootenayLalre pan& Map 109OA. northwestwardto north of Revelstokeon the eastside of Little, H.W. (1965): SaImo, British Columbia; Map the Columbia River. A second belt extends 1145A. northwestwardfrom ltout Lake to the north end of Little, H.W. (1935):Geological Notes, Nelson West Half Upper Arrow Lake. Map Area; OpenFiIe 1195,pages 7-8. Limestone(marble) occurs SporadicaUy in the lower part of the LardeauGroup, as in the Index Formation,in bedscommonly less than 1 metreto 30 metresthick. The PurexLime (Nehvay) NT% 82F/03W limestoneis massiveto thinly bedded,coarse to fine- MINFILE No.: 82FSW253 Latitude: 49”00’56 pined andwhite to greyto black.The rock is siliceous Map No.: L170 Longitude: llP17’22” and argiUaceousin places.Mica, garnetand epidoteare sometimespresent in the Iimestonc. Limestoneforms a hi8 140metres high on the north Dolomite is uncommonin the LardeauGroup; the end of Lots 9056and 9280,2 Lilometresnorth& of onlynotable occurrence is abedof massive,buff-weather- Neiway,within the westernbelt. A dolomitebed striking ing, grey, fme-graineddolomite l5 to 30 metres thick l37” and dipping 3Y southwestoutcrops along its north outcropping northeast of Trout Lake (Fyles and side. The dolomite thickens from a metre on the Ea?.huood,1%5 p. 21). northwestcorner of thehi8 to 100m&es 0.4Uometre to the west. Much of the Limestoneis underlain by this selectedBibliography dolomitebed. Brifish colwnbia Miiisby OfEnerg~ Mines and Petieum Pun~LimeCompanyattemptedtodeveloptheIime- Ib2WWWS: stonedeposit. The companydrilled two core holesin 1955,but no Fyles, J.T. (1964):Geology of the Duncan Lake Area, furtherwork followed.DriUing intersected white to dark Lardeau District, British Columbia; Bulletin 49, grey,0ccasionaIIy argiUace.ow limestone bed& with some pages25-30. interbeddedargiIIite. Pyrite contentwas negligible. Hole Fyles,J.T. and Eastwood,G.E.P. (1962): Geology of the 1, drilled from the top of the hi8 in an easterlydirection FergusonLake Area, Lardeau District, British at -4o”,intersected 29 metresof white,gramdar Limestone Columbii; Bulletin 45,pages 19-22 startingat a depth of 68.6metres. A sampletaken from Hijy, T (1980):Geology of the Riondel Area, Central this sectionat 823 m&es contained55.6 per centCaO, Kootenay Arc, Southeastern,British Columbia; 0.4 per cent MgO and 0.6 per centinsolubles. This hole bottomed in 15 metres of dolomite starting at l335 Bulletin 73,pages 27-28. metresdepth. A sampleof the dolomite taken at l365 metrescontained 31.0 per centCaO, 21.4per centMgG Geol@ol Survey of Canada and0.80 per centinsolubles (Peck and Fyles, 1955, p. 95). Baacroft,M.F. (1929):Lardeau Area; Map 235A. SelectedBibliography Caimes, C.E. (1934): Slocan Mining Camp, ,British Erirish Columbia Ministry of Enem Mines and Pebvkum Columbii; Memoir 173,pages 32-34. RC?SOllKCX Reesor,J.E. (1957):Lardeau (East Half), KootenayDii- t&t, British Columbia;Map U-1957. Peck,J.W. and Fyles,J.T. (1955):Purea Lime Co. Ltd.; Reesor,JE. (1972):Geology of the LardeauMap-area, Miter of Mines Report,pages 94-95. East Half, British Columbia; Memoir 369, pages 59-61and accompanying Map l326A. L4RDEAU GROUP Reesor,JE. (1982):Kaslo; Open FiIe 929. The LardeauGroup consistsof a thick sequenceof Rice, H.M.A. (1941): Nelson Map Area, East Half; gaeiss,schist phyUite, argiIIite, amphiboIite and quartzite Memoir 228,pages 21-22 and accompanyingMap with minor limestone,ranging from Middle Cambrianto 603A. possiblyMississippian in age.It is underlainby theLower CambrianBadshot Formation and unconformablyover-

OpenFile 1992-18 109 Walker,J.F. (1930):Lard&w Map-area,British C&m- Canada Department of Minesand Resources: bia, General Geology,Memoir 161,pages 10-11, 114. Goudge,M.E (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Part 5, pages206-207. Wheeler,J.O. (1%2): RogersPass Map Area, British Columbia;Paper 62-32, pages 7-8 and accompany- Parks, W.A. (1917):Report oa the Building and Or- ing Map 43-1962 namentalStones of Canada;Report 452,Volume 5, pagesU9-140. Wheeler, J.O. (1965): Big Bend Map Area, British Columbia;Paper 64-32, page 12 and accompanying Map 12-1964. Proctor (B & P Lie) NTS: 82F/lOW hIINFILE No.: 82FNE155 Latitude: 4997’13 Sidmouth N-l-S: 82K/12W Map No.: L172 Longitude: 11655’27” MINFILE No.: 82KNW226 Latitude: 50’43’30 Limestonewas ooce mined undergroundby Cc&a- Map No.: L171 Longitude: 11757’30 co Ltd. as a sourceof flux beside.the CanadianPacific Railway,24kilometres eastof Proctor,on the westshore Liiestone outcropson the eastside of the Columbia of KootenayLake. River (Upper Arrow Lake) near the mouth of Wallace A bedof limestone9 to 15me&s thick and enclosed Creek,northeast of Sidmouth. in schist,outcrops along the railwaytrack and continues A bedof limestoneat least30 metresthick is exposed up the steep mountainsidewest of the lake. The bed for 400metres along the steepmountain side. The lime- strikes025” and dips 3fPnorthwest. stoneand overlyingdark greenamphibolite schist strike The limestoneis coarseto fme-grainedand white to 170”and dip35”to 50”east. A well-developedset ofjoints bluish white in c&w. The rock is comprisedlargely of strikes040” and dips w northwest,while a secondset calciumlimestone with somethin bedsof dolomite.The strikes120” and dips 80”northeast. LimestoneiscutbysomeveinsofwhitequartzAnanalysis Thebedcontainsfinetocoarse-grainedmostlywhite reportedby Goudge(1944) is in Table27. limestonewith some sporadicbluish grey bandingand The deposit was explored underground by 490 brownishstreaks developed parallel to the stratification. m&es of drifting by Comiaco Ltd. between1935 and A bandof yellowishmagnesiaa limestone 1.2 me&es thick 1938.A total of 6900tonnes of limestonewere mined is developednear the centreof the bed.The rest of the duringthis developmentwork. In 1960the propertywas rock is highcalcium in composition.Analyses reported by leasedto B & P Lie Development,which mined 318 McCammon(1968) and Goudge(1944) are in Table27. An unsuccessfuiattempt was made to quarry the tonnes. limestonefor stuccochips sometimebetween 1944 and SelectedBibliography 1968. Btitish Columbia Ministy of Energy. Mines and Pebolewn SelectedBibliography Resources: British Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum McDonald, J.D. and McCammon,J.W. (1960):B & P Resources: Lime Development;Minister of Mines Report,page 145. McCammon,J.W. (1968):field notes1968 - Block 3; in IndustrialMineral File. Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Part 5, pages198,u)2.

110 Geot&at Srwry Bmmh SANDPILE GROUP tinued for only a short while. By September, 1983 the company was io receivership. In the McLeod Lake area the Upper Ordovician to Middle Silurian Sandpile Group is comprised mostly of Selected Bibliography silty dolomite and limestone with some interbedded quartzite, calcareous shale and siltstone. It is cnnfiied to British Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and PeDolewn several belts extending southeastward from McLeod Resowces: Lake and the Crooked River, west of the Parsnip River. At Pie Pass the group contains some 3M) me&s of Calox Industries Ltd. (1973): unpublished drill sections in Industrial Mieral Fde. carbonate. The limestone is typically dark grey to black and occasionally siliceous and contaminated by chert. Hors, Z.D. (1979): correspondence in Industrial Miieral File. Selected Bibliography Hors, Z.D. (1979): memorandum in Industrial Mineral Geological Survey of Canati File. Hon. Z.D. (1986): New Developments in Industrial Armstrong, LE., Tipper, H.W., Hoadly. J.W. and Mukr, Minerals, in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper J.E. (l%Z): McLeod Lake, British Colombia; Map 1986-1, page 24a. Z-1%2 Jory, L.T. and Howey, H.O. (1972): Rcdrocky Creek Armstrong, J.E., Tipper, H.W., Hoadly. J.W. and Muller, Limestone Deposit, R&o&y Creek, B.C. - Som- J.E. (1969): McLeod Lake, British Columbia; Map nary Report; unpublished report for Dolmage 1204A. Campbell & Associates Ltd. in Industrial Mineral File. RedrockyCreek N-IS: 93J/lOE McCammon, J.W. (1957): Limestone in the Prince George and Dawson Creek Areas; Minister of MINFILE No.: 935 015 Latitude: 5497’56” Mines Report. pages 85-86. Map No.: L173 Longitude: 122-42’16” McCammon, J.W. (1970): Rcdmcky Creek Quarry; in Geology, Exploration and Miig in British Colum- Limestone is exposed for 365 metres along a north- bia 1969, page 395. trending bluffup to90 m&es high between the JohnHart Highway (Highway 97) and the Westcoast Transmission pipeline, north of Redmcky Creek, 80 kilometers north Angusmac (McLeodLake) NTS: 93J/lOE of Prince George. The deposit lies near the north end of MINFILE No.: 93J 017 Latitude: 5437’42 a fault-bounded belt of :he Sandpile Group 25 kilometres Map No.: L174 Longitude: 12297’54 long and up to 4 kilometres wide. Banding (bedding ?) at the bluff strikes northwest and dips gently northeast. A logging road-cut 4 kilometres cast of the John Hart The limestone is comprised of numerous rounded Highway (Highway97), 5 Mom&es northeast ofAngus- and ellipsoidal nodules, 1 to 10 millimetres in diameter, mat, exposes thinly bedded, fossiliferous black limestone of secondary origin (?) resembling oolites, in a fme- that strikes north and dips nearly vertical. The exposure grained, brown-weatherin& dark grey to black matrix. lies near the southwestern edge of a belt of the Sandpile The nodules are composed of calcite withminor dolomite Group 1.5 kilometres wide that trends northwest for at and iron oxide. The limestone is well fractured and cut by least 40 kilometres. An analysis reported by McCammon abundant white calcite stringers. Occasional grains of (1%5) is given in Table 28. quartz and pyrite are present. An analysis reported by McCammon (1957) is io Table 28. Reserves are estimated Selected Bibliography at 9.1 million tonnes with the following range in composi- British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Peb&wm tion: 52.5 - 53.8 per cent CaO, 0.4 - 0.8 per cent MgO, 1.5 ReSOUrCLX - 2.0 per cent insolubles and 1.0 - 1.4 per cent McCammon, J.W. (1965): McLeod Lake; Minister of Al203 + Fez03 (Jory, 1972, pp. 11,12). The production of Mines Report, pages 265-a. this purer limestone would require selective mining, because of its irregular distribution within the deposit. This deposit was assessed by Calox Industries Ltd. in the late 1960s and early 1970s. A small amount of lime- PEND d’OREILLE SEQUENCE stone was quarried by the company in 1968. The deposit The Pcnd d’oreille sequence. consists of a thick, was further developed by Tri-Lime Resources Ltd. in the complexly deformed succession of phyUite, argillite, early 1980s. with the intention of producing limestone for quartz& chert, limestone and greenstone of Silurian (?) agricultural markets. Production began in 1983 but con- to Carboniferous age outcropping on either side of the

Open File 199.7-18 111 Pcnd d’Oreille River near the U.S. border. The unit Selected Bibliography commonly cmtahs beds of grey-weathering black Iime- British Columbia Mbdmy of Enm Mines and Pebvleum stweinterbeddedwithblackargillite.TheonlycarboMte RJ?sourceS: of any siga&aace is a massive, Light grey limestone bed described below. Fyles, J.T. (1956): March memorandum in Industrial Mineral FiIe. Selected Bibliography Fylcs, J.T. and Hewlett, C.G. (1959): Stratigrapby and Stmdtue of the SaImo Lead-tic Area; Bulletin 41, British Columbia Minisby of EnergyMines and Peboleum pages 31-38. RCSOWCCX McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West Kootenay Area; Minister of Mmcs Report, page Fyles, J.T. aad Hewlett, C.G. (1959): Stratigraphy and 173. Structure of the Salmo Lead-zinc Area; Bulletin 41, pages 37-38. ANARCHIST GROUP Geological Survey of Canada The Anadist Group is a Carboniferous or older sequence of mostly amphibolite, greenstone, schist, chert Little, H.W. (1965): Salmo, British Columbia; Map and qurtzite with minor limestone and rare dolomite. 1145A. Most of the group is irregularly distributed in aa area Little, H.W. (1982): Geology of the Rossland-Tr&l Map bounded to the west by the Okanagan River aad Osoyoos area, British Colombia; Paper 79-26, pages 8-9 and Lake and to the east by the Graoby River, lying within 2.5 accompanying Map 1504A [Little, H.W. and kilometres of the U.S. border. The group is also exposed Thorpe, R.I. (1982)]. west of Lower Arrow Lake on Fnnklin Mountain sod Little, H.W (1985): Geological Notes, Nelson West HaIf east of the Kettle River new Beaverdell. Its erratic dis- Map Area; Open File 1195, pages 9-10. tribution is the result of extensive faulting and namcroas intrusions. Carbonates occur as Ieoses aad beds generally up to Pend d’OreilIe River NT-S: 82F/O3W, 04E 9Omctiestbick.Thelimestoecsarclightgreytoblackand MINFILE No.: 82FSW292 Latitude: 49”02’49 thin-bedded to massive. Major deposits occur oo Lime Map No.: L175 Longitude: 117”28’55 Creek (Thimble Mountain), oa the southwest Ilaak of Franklin Mountain, on the west slope of Mount Athvood A band of limestone l2O to 900 me&s tide trends and in the vicinity of Boundary Falls. east-northeast along the north side of the Peed d’Orei8e River for 7.9 kilometrcs. It dips approximately 5U’ sooth Selected Bibliography and is estimated to be 150 to 603 mctres thick. British Columbki Minisby of Energy Mines and Petroleum The unit is generally composed of massive, light grcy, Rcsourcl?s: white to light blue weathering limestone that is commonly siIiccous. In places buff-weathering dolomite masses up Church, B.N. (1986): Geological Set&g and MiaeraIiza- to a hundred mctres ia diameter are present. Analyses tion in the Mount Attwod - Phoeoix Area of the reported by Fyles (1956) arc in Table 28. Greenwood Miig Camp; Paper 198&Z.

112 Gdqicd Sumy Branda The limestone is cut buy numerous white calcite stringers and frequently intruded by dikes. Near the dikes Drysdale, C.W. (19l5): Geology of the Franklin Mining the rock is recrystallized to medium-grained marble. Camp; Memoir 56, pages 51-55.97.99 with accom- Some discontinuous layers and lenses of volcanic rocks panying Map 97A. are present within the limestone. An analysis reported by Little, H.W. (1957): Kettle River (East Half), McCammon (1960) is in Table 29. Similkameen, Kootenay and Osoyoos Districts, Asmallquanyissituated west oftheroad, 18Ometres British Columbia, Map 6-1957. south of Lime Creek at an elevation of 700 metres. It was Little, H.W. (1961): Geology of Kettle River (West Half) operated sometime before 1944 as a source of marble. Map Sheet; Map L5-l%l. Selected Bibliography Little, H.W. (1983): Geology of the Greenwood Map area, British Columbia; Paper 79-29, pages 7-8 and Btitish Columbia Ministry of Enem Mines and Petroleum accompanying Map 15GUA [Greenwood, British ResourceS: Columbia; Little, H.W., Thorpe, R.I. and Monger, J.W.H. (1983)]. McCammon, J.W. (1960): Liiestone in tbe Greenwood - Tempebmm-Kluit, D.J. (1989a): Geology of Penticton, Grand Forks Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages British Columbia: Map 1736A. 140-143. Tempehnan-Kluit, DJ. (1989b): Geological Map with Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, Gutada Department of Mines and Resources: Radiometric Ages and Gravity Field for Penticton Map Area (NTS 82E), Southern British Columbia; Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada, Report 811, Open File 1969. Part 5, pages 194,202.

Lime Creek (Thimble Mountain) NTS: 82E/OlW Boundary Falls Limestone N-l-S: 82E/02E MINFKE No.: 82ESE237 Latitude: 49’08’57 hIINFILE No.: 82ESE226 Latitude: 49”03’08 Map No.: L176 Longitude: 118”27’30 Map No.: L177 Longitude: 118”41’13

A mass of limestone outcrops on the northeast slope A limestone lens 110 m&es long and up to 40 m&es of Thimble Mountain, 10.7 to 13.9 kilometres north of thick outcrops on a hillside 0.8 kilometre northeast of Grand Forks. The lens is exposed on the road west of the Boundary Falls, about 90 metres above the town. The lens Granby River and continues south-southwest up the is enclosed in sheared greywacke. The limestone strikes mountainside for 3.2 kilometres. Exposed widths vary up 060” and dips 58” northeast. to loo0 metre?.. The deposit is comprised of white and bluish grey The deposit is comprised mostly of dark bluish grey streaked medium-grained limestone. An analysis to light gxy, fme-grained, thin-bedded limestone con- reported by McCammon (1960) is in Table 29. taining chert nodules.

TABLE 29 ANALYSES OF ANARCHIST AND MILFORD LIMESTONES

open File 1992-18 113 British Columbia

A small quarry has been opened up on the southwest Carbonate tits are found throughout the ,Miiord side of the deposit. The limestone was burnt in an ad- Group. Limestone ocurs in beds and lenses commbnly jacent kiln sometime previous to 1944. up to X20 metres thick. Between Trout Lake and Upper Arrow Lake a disco&moos limestone tit lying near the Selected Bibliography base of the group is reported to vary from a few metres to Btilish Columbia Minisby of Energy, Mines and Peboleum a thousand m&es in thickness (Read, 1975). Dolomite Resources: occurs less commonly in thin beds of limited extent. The limestones are typically fine-gained, dark grey McChmmon, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Greenwood - to black, banded to massive, carbonaceous and platy. In Grand Forks Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages a few instances, such as south of Kaslo, they are recrys 140-143. tallized and light grey to white in coloor. Micaceous partings, lenses of schist and dark grey to black siliceous Canada Deputment of Mines and Resources: layers are widespread but minor. Dolomite is ustdly light to dark grey and occasionally contaminated with Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, metamorphic minerals. One prominent bed of light grey Part 5, page 193. to white, crystalline dolomite 3 to 9 metres thick has been traced northward from Cedar Creek (“Libby member,” Boundary Falls Dolomite NT% 82E/02E Fyles, 1%7, p. 25). MINFILE No.: 82ESE227 Latitude: 49”02’47 Selected Bibliography Map No.: DO09 Longitude: 118”41’47 Bridsh Columbia Minishy of Energy, Mines and Pelroleum Resources: A lens of fme-grained, cream to pale blue, mottled and streaked dolomite enclosed in greenstone forms a Fyles, J.T. (1967): Geology of the Ainswortb-Kaslo Area, small elongate bill, 15 metres west of the Canadian Pacific British Columbia; Bulletin 53, pages 24-2.5, X-33. Railway, 180 metres north of the sawmill at Boundary Falls. The deposit is 52 metres long and 18 metres wide. Geolqical Survey of Cam& A small quarry is situated in the south end of the deposit. The dolomite was burnt in an adjacent lime kiln Bancroft, M.F. (1929): Lardeau Area; Map 235A. before 1944. Caimes, C.E. (1934a): Slocan Mining Camp, British Columbia; Memoir 173, page. 41. Selected Bibliography Caimes, C.E. (1934b): Saodon Sheet; Map 273A. British Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines and Petroleum Read, P.B. (1975): Geological and Mineral Deposit Maps Resounes: of Lardeau (West Half); Open File 288. Read, P.B. (19n): Mineral Deposits, Lardeau, West Half; McCammoo, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Greenwood - Open File 464. Grand Forks Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages Read, P.B. (1978): Geology of Lardeau, West Ha& Open 140-143. File 432. Reesor, J.E. (1982): Kaslo; Open File 929. Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Rice, H.M.A. (1941): Nelson Map-area, East Half; Memoir 228, pages 30-31 and accompanying Map Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, 603A. Part 5, page 193. Walker, J.F. and Bancroft, M.E (1930): Lardeau Map area, British Columbia, General Geology; Memoir 161, pages 12-14. MILFORD GROUP The Milford Group is comprised of argillite, slate, Ainsworth schist and quartzite with minor chert, greenstone, lime- (Lendrum Creek) N’IZ 82F/lSW, 1OW stone and dolomite of Mississippian age, unconformably MINFILE No.: 82FNE156 Latitude: 49”46’07 overlying the Lardeau Group. The sequence outcrops as Map No.: L178 Longitude: 116’56’31 a narrow, discontinues fault-bounded belt trending northward along the west side of Kootenay Lake and Various beds of limestone outcrop for 18 kilometres continuing northwestward to Trout Lake and beyond to along the west side of Kootenay Lake near A&worth, the north end of Upper Arrow Lake. behveen Bjerkoess Creek to the north and Coffee Creek

114 GeologiEol Swvq Bmnch to the south. At Lendmm Creek, 5 kilometres northwest Tlpper,H.W.,Campbcll,R.B.,Taylor,G.C.andStott,D.E of Ainsworth, they strike approximately 175” and dip 29” (1979): Parsnip River, British Columbia; Map to 5(P west. To the cast they are intercalated with folded 1424A. phyllite and mica schist. Near Lendrum Creek the beds are comprised of very McKenzie fme grained, dark to light grey, locally white limestone. In (Bend and LST Claiis) NT% 930/03E a few places sections of clean limestone contain sheets of MINFILE No.: 930 039 Latitude: 55”10’17” felsite up to a metre thick. Analyses of samples taken by Map No.: L179 Longitude: 123’11’57 Fyles (1961) alongloggingroads south of Lendmm Creek are given in Table 29. Limestone was quarried 2 kilometres southwest of Selected Bibliography Wtiton Lake, 13kilometresnorthwest ofLigciteCreek by Knox Western Capital Inc. The quarry is developed in British Cobunbia Ministry o/Energ~ Mines and Petmleum a 110 by 60 metre outcrop projecting I30 mews above RtWWCeS: the surrounding overburden, just west of the McLeod fault. The outcrop is comprised of a bed of clean, buff- Fyles, J.T. (1961): December memorandum in Industrial c&wed, chemical-grade limestone 50 metrcs thick with Mid File. some argillaceous carbonate, overlain and underlain by Fyles, J.T. (1%7): Geology of the Aimworth-Kaslo Area, siliceous and dolomitic limestone. The contact with the British Columbia; Bulletin 53, pages 18,24. overlying impure limestone strikes 133” and dips 28” McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West southwest. A fault of similar orientation cuts through the Kootenay Area; Minister of Mines Report, page middle of the purer limestone bed. Mapping, surface 172. sampling and diamond drilling have defmed 300 @II toones of economically recoverable limestone averaging SLIDE MOUNTAIN GROUP 55.06 per cent CaO, 0.41 per cent MgQ, 0.17 per cent The Slide Mountain Group forms an irregular belt of SiQ& 0.46 per Cent A1203 and 0.17 per &?.nt Fe203 (Mac- basaltic flows and pyroclastics, argillitc, slate, chert, Led 1988, p. 2). sandstone and limestone of Mississippian to Triassic age The limestone was initially quarried by B.C. Forest trending southeashvard from the south end of Wdliiton Products Ltd. as riprap for a causeway across the south Lake for 270 kilometres to just east of Barkerville. Sig end of Wdiston Lake, sometime prior to 1986. Knox niticant limestone deposits oeew west of W&ton Lake, Western Capital Inc. began quarrying limestone in 1988 on the west side of McLeod Lake, 5 kilometres northwest to supply paper mills at McKenzie and Quesnel. A total of Puden Lake and 5 kilometres east-southeast of Gis- of 33 Wo tonnes was quarried on a seasonal basis during come. The deposit near Giscome (MINFILE No. 093J 1988 and 1989. The company did not resume quarrying 025) is being quarried by Kode-Jerrat Quarries Ltd. for operations in 1990 due to financial difficulties. pulp mills at McKenzie and Quesnel. Thii limestone is Continental Gold Ltd. recently staked the LST reported to grade at least 98 per cent calcium carbonate claims to cover limestone outcropping near the Knox (G. Klein, 1991, personal communication). Western’s inactive quarry. The outcrops were sampled by the company in 1990 during a search for local sources of S&&d Bibliography limestone for acid neutralization at the company’s Geo@id Sunvyof Cam&: proposed copper-gold mine at Mount Milligan to the west. Armstrong, J.E., Tipper, H.W., Hoadly. J.W. and Muller, S&&d Bibliography J.E. (1969): McLeod Lake, British Columbia; Map 1204A. British Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines andPetmleum Campbell, R.B., Mountjoy, E.W. andYoung, F.G. (1973): Resounes: Geology of the McBride Map-area, British Colum- bia; Paper 72-35, pages 59-60 and accompanying MacLeod, W.A. (1986): Geological Report and Proposed Map l356A. Diamond Drilling Program, Bend Mineral Claims; Muller, J.E. (1961): Pine Pass, British Columbia; Map unpublished report in Industrial Mineral File. 11-1961. MacLeod,. W.A. (1988): Application to Open a Quarry, McKenzie Limestone; in Industrial Mineral File. KNOB HILL GROUP Rock Creek Dolomite The Knob Hill Group contains massive chert, (Do10 Claim) N-l-S: 82E/02W greenstone and amphibolitc with minor argillite of Car- MINFILE No.: 82ESE200 Latitude: 49”01’13” boniferous or Permian age, outcropping largely in the Map No.: DO10 Longitude: 11857’57 Greenwood map arc (82E/O2), between the Kettle River to the west and the Graaby River to the east. Limestone A dolomite lees outcrops over a 100 by 100 metre occurs as small pods on Knob Hi 4 kilometres east of area along the top of a knoll on the southeast portion of Greenwood aod as larger, mappable bodies io a belt of Lot 446S, 45 kilometres south-southeast of the corn- Knob Hi rocks extending northward from the U.S. bor- mu&y of Rock Creek. The lens is embedded largely in der for 15 kilometres, crossing the Kettle River at Rock hornblende gneiss (amphibolite). An irregular band of Creek. talc-chlorite schist lies along the haogiag.wll contact. The limestone is light grey in colour and occasionally Bedding strikes l5P to 180” and dips 40” to 80” east. A accompanied by pods of bedded chert. The rock is schistosity strikes lXP and dips w to 5(p west. dolomitic io a few instances. The lens contains massive, fme to very fme-grained, white dolomitewith scatteredgrains, patches and veinlets Selected Bibliography of quartz and a trace of talc. A band of geeiss 2 to 10 British Columbia MinisOy of Energy, Mines andPetroleum metres thick lies within the deposit. Various analyses are Resources: given in Table 30. The deposit is estimated to contain 15.4 million tonnes of proven (measured geological) reserves Church, B.N. (19%): Geological Setting and Miieraliza- and 9.0 million tonnes of probable (indicated) rescrvcs tion in the Mount Attwood - Phoenix Area of the (Fmancial Post Review of Mines 1972, p. 214). Greenwood Miig Camp; Paper 1986-2. The property was fust operated on an intermittent basis by New Dolomite Mines Ltd. between 1972 and Geological Survey of Canada 1977. Dolowhite Mines Ltd. continued quarrying dolomite from 1978 to 1982 Mighty White Dolomite Ltd. Little, H.W. (1983): Geology of the Greenwood Map currentIy operates the quarry, producing crushed area, British Colombia; Paper 79-29, page 11 and dolomite for agricultural, landscaping and decorative accompanying map 15oOA [Greenwood, British purposes. Between 1972 and 1988 60 000 tonnes of Columbia; Little, H.W., Thorpe, R.I. and Monger, dolomite were quarried. J.W.H. (19&X3)]. Selected Bibliography Tcmpelman-Kluit, DJ. (1989a): Geology of Pentictoa, British Columbia; Map 1736A. Btitish Columbia Ministy of Energy Mines and Petroleum Tcmpclman-Kluit, DJ. (1989b): Geological Map with Resources: Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, Radiometric Ages and Gravity Field for Penticton Hors, Z.D. (1978): unpublished report on the Rock Map Area (NT.5 82E), Southern British Columbia; Creek dolomite property in Industrial Mineral File. open File 1969. McCammon, J.W. (1972): Dolo; in Geology, Exploration and Mining in British Columbia 1971, page 456. MOUNT ROBERTS FORMATION Limestonewas producedfrom four major quarries andseveral smaller quarries aad glory holes w both sides The Mount Roberts Formation is comprised of of the CanadianP&tic Railway,0.8 to 1.6 kilom~es schist,date, gmywacke, greenstone, limestone and gneiss north of Fife, between1911 and 1957.A total of 155 of Pennsylvanianand possiblyPermian age, exposed in million tonnesof limestonewas producedand usedfor severalbelts trending northeastward from the eastside of Christina Lake. The longestof these extendsdiscon- Ouxat the Cominm smelteriu Trail. tinuouslyfor 30 kifometresto the ColumbiaRiver, north of Rossland.The uuit alsooccurs on eitherside of Lower Selected Bibliography arrow Lake near Rena& Dear Park and Broadwater. Smalleroutcrops are alsosituated just west andsouth of Btidsh Columbia Minisby of Energg Minesand Pebvleum RWW2X.S: Rossland.Significant lime&one beds occur at Ffie on Christina Lake and at Broadwateron the eastshore of McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West Lower Arrow Lake. KootenayArea; Miter of Mines Report, page SelectedBibliolpaphy 173. British Columbia MinimyofEne~ Mines andPen&um Mines and Rewwces: Rl%W-CeS: CanadaLkywmtent of Fyles, J.T. (1984):Geological Setting of the Rossland Goudge,M.P. (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report Sll, Mining Camp;Bulletin 74,pages u-15. Part 5, pages1%-w. Farks, WA. (1917): Report cm the Building and Or- namentalStones of Canada;Report 452, Volume 5, GeologicalSurvey of Can& pages148-149. Little, H.W. (1957): Kettle River (East Half), Similkamcen, Kootenay and OsoyoosDistricts, Broadwater Nl?? 82E/08E British Columbii Map 61957. MINFILE No.: 82ESE211 Latitude: 49028’02” Little, H.W. (1982): Geology of the Rosslaod-nailMap Map No.: L181 Longitude: 118”05’07” area,British Columbia;Paper 79-X Tbmpelman-Kluit,DJ. (1989a):Geology of Pentidon, A band of limestooeoutcrops on the east side of British Columbia;Map 1736A. Lower Arrow Lake, 0.8 kiknnetre south of the Broad- Tempelman-Kluit,D.J. (1989b):Geological Map with waterPost Office. It continueseastward up themouatain- Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, side for at least 400 metres and possibly up to 8 RadiometricAges aad Gravity Field for Per&ton kilometres.The band is 150 metres wide on the lake. Map Area (NTS 82B), SouthernBritish Columbia; Beddingstrikes 065” and dips 55”southeast. Open File 1969. The band consists of medium to coarse-grained, grey aad white thin-beddedlimestone containing some sili- catesand pyrite. Argillite interbedsoccur cm the south Fiie (Christina Lake) NTS: 82E/OlE sideof the deposit.Numerous randomly orientated dikes MINFILE No.: 82ESE238 Latitude: 49”04’18” intrude the limestone on the north side. Au analysis Map No.: L180 Longitude: 118”12’21” reportedby McCammon(1959) is givenin Table30. A small quarrywas openedup on the depositnear A verticallydipping bed of limestoneoutcrops along the lake shore46 metresfrom the southernedge of the Highway3 on ChristinaLake, 0.8 kilometres north of the limestoneband. The limestonewas used to manufacture Ffie cut-off road, and continuesnorth-northeast up the lime sometimebefore 1940. hillside for at least3.2 k&me&es. The bed thickens from 27 m&es alongthe highway to 240m&es, 1.5kilometres SelectedBibliography northeast. Thebedcontainsmediumtofme-grained,bluishgrey British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Petroleum to white,banded limestone that is intenselyfractured and R?SOurCCS: sheared.Nodules and lenses of blue chert audstreaks of msty and siliceouslimestone. contaminate this deposit. McCammon, J.W. (1959): Limestone in the West The siliceouslimestone tends to occur nearthe contacts KootenayArea; Minister of Mines Report, pages with the enclosingvolcanica. Contorted matic dikes in- 173-174. trude thelimestone. Analyses reported by Goudge(1944) andMcCammon (1959) are in Table30.

Open File 199318 117 British Columbia

the Thompson-Shuswap-Okanagan Area, British Columbia; Open File 637. Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, PaIt 5, pages zofxO7. Salmon Arm (Larch Hill) N-l-S: 82L/llE MINFILE No.: 82LNWO87 Latitude: 50’42’19” SICAMOUS FORMATION Map No.: L182 Longitude: 119’12’02 The Sicamous Formation is comprised of two limestone members separated by a calcareous sericite schist This deposit is situated Larch Hi 245 m&es above member, alJ of approximately equal thickness. The exact Highway97B, approximately6 kilometres east of the town age of the unit is unknown, but a Mesozoic age has been of Salmon Arm. A band of limestone forms a small ridge suggested. The general lack of limestones in strata trending 110” along the west side of the hill. The ridge is younger than Jurassic within the Canadian Cordillera 2.50 metres long and 75 metrcs wide. The limestone ap suggests the unit may therefore be middle to lower pears to dip eashvard into the hillside. Mesozoic in age. The sequence is estimated to vary from The ridge consists of white to bluish white, medium- 24XlOto 3CCKlmetres in thickness. The formation outcrops grained, fractured limestone with a few thin seams of in an irregular belt beginning in the Larch Hi west of brown-weathering blue dolomite along some of the frac- Mara Lake and continuing west-northwest across the tures. The limestone also contains some. quartz veins and Salmon Arm and west arm of Shuswap Lake to the south a few inclusions of quartzite and shale. An analysis end of Adams Lake. reported by Goudge (1944) is in Table 31. The limestone is generally impure, platy, fme grained and dark grey to black. Partings are commonly coated Selected Bibliography with mica or graphite. The rock is usually interbeddcd Btitish Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Pebvlaun with white to brownish orange, coarse-grained calcite Resources: lenses and layers. Lenses and small pods of white quartz are ah evident. McCammon, J.W (1960): Limestone in the Salmon Arm Area; Miter of Mines Report, page 143. Selected Bibliography British Columbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and Petrolam Cmadn Depmtment of Mines and Resoums: ReSCJUPXS: Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, McCmmon, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Salmon Arm Part 5, pages 187,191. Area; Minister of Mines Report, page 143. Blind Bay (Notch Hill) NTS: 82L/14W Geological Surveyof Gutada: MINFILE No.: 82LNWO64 Latitude: 50’52’47 Map No.: L183 Longitude: 11952’12 Jones, A.G. (1959): Vernon Map-area, British Columbia; Memoir 2%. pages 21-22 and accompanying Map 1059A. Limestone outcrops along the beach on the southwest side of Bliid Bay on the south shore of Shuswap Okulitch, A.V. and Campbell, R.B. (1979): Lithology, Lake. It strikes 005” and dips 15” west. Stratigraphy, Structure and Mineral Occurrences of The beach exposures are fme-grained, dark blue, thinly bedded, graphitic limestone with mica flakes along

118 GEdogial Stmey Bmmh bedding planes. Numerous white calcite veins and a few partings give it a platy appearance. Numerous white Cal- quartz veins 5 to 10 centimetres thick cut across the cite veidets and white quartzveins cut the rock. bedding. Several thin, platy masses of dark blue dolomite Scattered patches of ptite are also present. An areexpwedatonepoint.AnanalysisreportedbyGoudge analysis reported by McCammon (1960) is in Table 31. (1944) is in Table 31. Selected Bibliography Selected Bibliography British tilumbia Minisby of Enew, Mines and P&&urn Btitish Columbia Minisby of Enogv, Mines and Petroleum Rt?SOUK6-S: Resources: McCammon, J.W. (1Wa): Limestone ia tbc Salmon Arm McCammon, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Salmon Arm Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages 143-144. Area; Miter of Mines Report, page. 143. Cam&o Depariment of Mines and Resources: Crutada Depwiment of Mines and Resounes: Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, page 185. Part 5, pages 185,187,191. BROOKLYN FORMATION Grindrod NTS: 82L/llE The Brooklyn Formation consists of a lower con- MINFTLE No.: 82LNWO86 Latitude: 5097’33 glomerate and siltstone member (“Rawhide member”), Map No.: L184 Longitude: 119”08’57” coaformably overlain by an upper limestone. member of Middle ‘lYiassic age. The limestone outcrops almost en- A mass of limestone extends northwest from tirely in the southern half of the of the Greenwood map Grindrod for 6.4 kilometres, varying up to 25 kilometres sheet (8ZUU2). The unit tends to form sporadicaUy dis- in width. It is truncated by a fault along its northeast tributed, lenticabu masses lying mostly east of Green- margin and intruded by a granitic stock along its soutb- wood and northwest of Grand Forks in the east half of the west Ilmk. Greenwood map sheet Outcrops along the Grindrod-Mara road expose The limestone is usuaIIy massive and grey to white in siliceous limestone with quartz veins and granitic dikes. coloar, with sparse to moderately abundant, mostly sand- A cut along a side road on a hill 1.6 kilometres west of sized, rounded chert grains, especially in the lower part Grindrod exposes platy, orange and black limestone with of the unit. The limestone sometimes contains beds of mica and graphite along partings. An analysis reported by shale, argillite, siltstone andsandstone. Skarnzones, com- McCammon (2350) is in Table 31. prised of various calcium silicates, are sometimes developed in the limestone near contacts with Selected Bibliography granodioritic intrusions of the Middle Jurassic Nelson Bndsh Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum platonic suite. The member is generally comprised of Resources: calcium to high-calcium limestone. Selected Bibliography McCammon, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Salmon Arm Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages 143-144. Geological Survey of Canadn:

Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Little, H.W. (1983): Geology of the Greenwood Map area, British Columbia; Paper 79-29, pages 14-17 Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, and accompanying Map l5oOA [Greeowocd, British part 5, page 205. Columbia; Little, H.W., Thorpe, R.I. and Monger, J.W.H. (1983)]. Tempelmaa-Kluit, D.J. (1989a): Geology of Fedictoo, Sorrento (Notch Hill) NT% 82L/l4W British Columbia; Map 1736A. MINFILE No.: 82LNWO75 Latitude: 5072’40 Tempehnan-Khdt, DJ. (1989b): GeologicaJ Map with Map No.: L185 Longitude: 119”25’35” Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, Radiometric Ages and Gravity Field for Fenticton Various exposures of limestone occur along Highway Map Area (NTS 82E), Southern British Columbia; 1, 1.6 to 3 kilometres east of Sorrento. The limestone is Open File 1%9. fine-grained and dark grey. Micaceous and graphitic

Cpm File 1992-18 119 Hardy Creek McCammou, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Greenwwd - (Goat Mountain) N-I-S: 82E/OlW, 02E Grand Forks Area; Minister of Mines Report, pages MINJ!ILE No.: 82ESE230 Latitude: 49’03’01” 142-143. Map No.: L186 Longitude: 11859’20” Camdo Department of Mines and Resowrex

Limestone outcrops on the limbs of a fold on Eagle Goudge, M.F. (1944): L&stones of Canada; Report 811, and Goat Mountains, with the closure on Hardy Creek, 4 Part 5, pages 195,202. kilometres northwest of Grand Forks. One limb extends north-northwest for 1.8 kilometres toward the summit of Marguerite N-l-S 82E/02E Goat Mountain; the other extends westward for 2.2 MINFILE No.: 82ESE231 Latitude: 49”07’13” kilometres along the south flank of Eagle Mountain. Map No.: L187 Longitude: 118”42’04 The deposit on Eagle Mountain consists of uniform, dark grey to black, fme-graiaed limestone with siliceous Limestone outcrops north of the Marguerite mine, 3 and argillaceous ioclusioos. Numerous white calcitevein- kilometres northwest of Greenwood. It trends northward lets cut the limestone. On Goat Mountain the limestone for LXKI metres with a width of up to 800 me&s. The is well fractured and brecciated, with white calcite healing Greyhound Creek fault truocates the limestone to the fractures. Chert occurs as angular fragments and as dis- east. A few north-northeast-trending syeuite and quartz continuous, irregular seams 25 to 75 centimetres thick. moozouite dikes intrude the limestone mass near its south Matic dikes arc. abundant in this part of the deposit. Au end. analysis reported by McCammon (1960) is in Table 32. The limestone is massive, medium to fme graioedaad A small quarry was opened on the south side of grcy to white in colour. Ao intricate network of white Hardy Creek, 7M metres west of the Canadian Pacific calcite veinlets cuts the rock. Rounded, light to dark grey Railway, sometime previous to 1940. chert nodules and this beds of cherty “jasperoid” are sometimes present. Analyses reported by LeRoy (1914) Selected Bibliography are in Table 32 Btitish Columbia Ministry of Enew, Mines andPetroleum This limestone was burnt in a lime kiln located 50 Resources: metres northeast of the entrance of the Marguerite Mine in the early part of this century.

120 GeotogiclJ Surwy Bmnch Selected Bibliography arepresentwithinit.Ananalysis reported by McCammon (1960)is alsoia Table32. Geologiccrl Surveyof Canah LeRoy, O.E. (1914):Mother Lode and SunsetMiies, Selected Bibliography BoundaryDistrict, British Columbia; Memoir 19, pages17-19. British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines and Petroleum Resow?xs: Deadwood Creek (Mother Lode) NTS: 82E/02E McCammon,J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Greenwood- MINFIJX No.: 82ESE228 Latitude: 49”06’46” GrandForks Area; Minister of Mines Report,pages Map No.: L188 Longitude: 118”43’00 141,143. A steeplydipping limestone. mass outcrops north of Canada Depmiment of Mines and Resources: the Mother Lode mine, 3.5 kilometres northwest of Goudge,Ml? (1944):Limestones of Canada;Report 811, Greenwood.It extends 1100 metres north-northwest Part 5, pages194,202. from DeadwoodCreek and variesup to 400 m&es in width. A small stockof the Nelsonplutoeic suite cuts the limestonemass near its southend. Midway N-l-S 82E/02W The depositsconsist of massive,irregularly jointed, MlNFILE No.: 82ESE235, Latitude: 49’01’11’ medium to fme-grained,grey to white limestone,that is 82ESE210 Longitude: 118”50’13” cut by numerouswhite calciteveinlets. Rounded, light to Map No.:L190 dark grey chert nodules and thin beds of cherty “jasper&l” are sometimespresent. Pyrite occursin trace live lensesof limestoneare exposednorthwest of amounts.Actinolite, garnet,epidote and other calcium Midway.The fust lens(82ESE235) outcrops on thesouth silicatesreplace some of the limestonenear its southend slopeof a hill between760 and 975metres elevation, 4.5 in the vicinity of the Mother Lode mine. An analysis kilometreswest-northwest of Midway and 500 me&s reportedby LeRoy (1914)is quotedia Table32. north of Highway 3. It trends north-northeastfor ap- proximately700 metres and consistsof medium to fme- Selected Bibliography grained, light grey limestone with many argilIacz.ous inclusions.The analysisof a sampleof randomlycollected Geologicnl Survey of Canada: chipstaken by McCammon(19&l) is givenin ThbIe32 A secondleas (82ESE210)outcrops on the Kettle. LeRoy, O.E. (1914):Mother Lode and SunsetMiies, River,6.5 kilometres west-northwest of Midway andcon- BoundaryDistrict, British Columbia;Memoir 19, tinuesnortheastward up the west slopeof a bill for ap- pages17-19. proximately700 metres. Outcrops along Highway 3 and the CanadianPacific Railwayexpose an apparentwidth Om Denom N-IS: 82E/02E of 600 m&es of limestone.Bedding generallystrikes MINFILE No.: 82ESE232 Latitude: 49”07’19 northwestand dips northeastdespite some folding aad Map No.: L189 Longitude: 11892’38” faulting. The lens is comprisedof mixed medium-grained, A limestone lens outcrops on Highway 3, 3.5 light greyto whitelimestone and tine-graiaed,black lime- kilometressouth of Eholt, andcontinues south-southwest stone with some interbeddedgreywacke, a@ite and for 1.75kilometres to the PhoenixRoad, 1.6kilometres light grey chert. The limestoneis bleachedwhite along west-northwestoftheitsjunctionwith thehighway.Atthe numerousfractures and intruded by a numberof dikes. highwayoutcrop on the north end of the deposit the An analysisreported by McCammon(1960) isinTabIe32. limestonestrikes north and dips 65” east. The lens is mostly comprisedof light greyto white, Selected Bibliography fme-grainedlimestone with someblack to darkgrey lime- British Columbia Ministry of Energy Mines and Petroleum stone.Scattered thin, chertyand argilhxeoasbeds c-xur Resources: within it. Streaksof disseminatedpyrite are sometimes McCammon, J.W.(1960): Limestone in the Greenwood- present.The beds arc intruded by numeroussills and GrandForks Area; Mister of MinesReport, pages dikes.An analysisreported by Goudge(1944) is in Table 140,143. 32. A secondsubparallel lens of mostlywhite, medium- Canada Department of Mines and Resotmes: grainedlimestone, 2 kilometreslong, outcrops 500 to 900 Goudge,M.E(1944): LimestonesofCaaada;Report811, metreswest of the fast leas.Some chert bedsand dikes Part 5, pages193-m.

Gpm File 1992-18 I21 Eholt NT3 82E/O2E Most of these have been later identitied as calcareotts MINFILE No.: 82ESE229 Latitude: 49’08’13 quart&es. (McCammon, 1961, pp. 144,147). Map No.: L191 Longitude: 11852’44” Carbonates contained in these metamorphic complexes are usually coarse-grained, recrystallized and A limestone lens forms a hill, I20 metrcs high, 2 sometimes extensively contaminated with metamorphic kilometres due south of Eholt. It strikes north-northeast silicates. Inclusions of schist and goeiss are common. for 600 metres and dips nearly vertical. Exposed widths Selected Bibliography vary up to I50 metros. The limestone is boanded to the west by granodiorite of the Middle Jurassic Nelson British Columbia Minishy of Energy Mines and Petroleum platonic suite. Resounxs: The lens consists of coarse-grained, white to pale blue, thickly bedded, hi-calcium limestone that be- McCammon, J.W. (1961): Libnestone in the Vernon Area; comes sikeous and cherty towards the margins of the Miter of Mines Report, page 144. deposit. A few dikes intrude the limestone. in analysis Meyers, R.H., Taylor, WA. and Tbmpelman-Kluit, D. reported by Goudge (1944) is given in Table 32 (1989): Lode Gold-Silver Occurrences of the A second lens of light grey, medium-grained lime- Okanagan Region; Open File 1989-5. stone forms a steep bluff, 90 m&es high, ux) metro west of Highway 3.25 kilomctres south of Eholt. Local coo- Geological Suwq of Canada centrations of chert and other impurities arc present. This was sampled by McCammon (1960); analytical data are Campbell, R.B. (1968): Canoe River, British Columbia; in Table 32. Map 15-1967. Jones, A.G. (1959): Vernon Maparea, British Columbi; Selected Bibliography Memoir 296, pages lO-l&15-16 and accompanying Britirh Columbia Minimy of Em-w, Mines andPetroleum Map 1059A [Vernon, British Columbia; Rice, Resources: H.M.A. and Jones. A.G. (196O)l. Little, H.W. (1957): Kettle River (East Half), McCammon, J.W. (1960): Limestone in the Greenwood - Similkameen, Kootenay and Osoyoos Districts, Grand Forks Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages British Columbia, Map 6.1957. 141,143. Preto, VA. (1971): Structure and Petrology of the Grand Forks Group, British Columbia; Paper 69-22. Canada Depaninent of Mines and Resowrex Tempelmao-Kluit, DJ. (1989a): Geology of Pcnticton, British Columbia; Map 1736A. Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Tcmpehnan-Kluit, DJ. (1989b): Geological Map with Part 5, pages 194,202. Mineral Occurrences, Fossil Locations, Radiometric Ages and Gravity Field for Penticton Map Area (NTS 82E), Southern British Columbia; METAMORPHIC COMPLEXES- Open File 1969. OMINECA BELT The southern Omineca Belt is cored by several high- Blue River Calcite N-l-S: 83D/03W grade metamorphic complexes lying mostly between MINFILE No.: 83D 044 Latitude: 52”07’40” Okanagan and Kootenay Lakes to the south and between Map No.: L192 Longitude: 119”18’40 Adams Lake and the Columbia River farther north. Car- bonate beds are occasionally found in the schistose and The Blue River deposit outcrops on a low hill gneissic rocks of the Mona&c gneiss (Shuswap northwest of the community of Blue River, a kilometre metamorphic complex) and the Grand Forks gaeiss. northwest of the Yellowhead South Highway (Highway Significant deposits of grey marble occur northwest 5). The limestone (marble) is exposed in three major and east of the community of Blue River, within the outcrops over the top of the hill, the largest beiig 180 by Monashee gneiss (Campbell, 1968). Limestone and 120 metres in area (Main Zone), 2.30 metres above the dolomite occurrences of limited extent are also present floor of the North Thompson valley. The limestone is in the Grand Forks gneiss, between Chriitina Lake to the surrounded by gnciss and pegmatite of the Monashee east and the Granby River to the west (Preto, 1971). A gneiss. Contacts with the enclosing gneiss strike 075” to number of limestone beds were mapped east and north- 123” and dip 45” to 60” south. Diamond drilling indicates east of Vernon in the Monashee gneiss (Jones, 1959). the limestone in the Main Zone ls at least 44 metrcs thick.

122 Gcotogid Swwy Bmnch The Main Zone is comprised mostly of coarse- Grand Forks Iv-I-3 82E/OlW pined, white, massivemarble, with semc pale grcy MINFILE No.: 82ESE036 Latitude: 49’01’55 patchesand a few medium-grained,medium grcy to blue- Map No.: DO11 Longitude: 11822’52” greybeds. Only traces of disseminatedbiotite, white mica and pyrite areevident. Tremolite occurs ia somefracture This cwxrrenee is located 250 metm north of High- infillings. Diamond-drill holes intersected several way 3, east of Morrissey Creek, approximately 4 medium-grained,light to medium grey, dolomitic and kilometreseast of GrandForks. siliceousbeds up to 3.0metres thick. Thesebeds tend to High-grademetamorphic rocks of the Grand Forks be nmre micaceousand pyritic than the enclosiaglimc- gaeiss complex include a bed of biotite schist (mica stone.Some bands of pcgmatitic quartz-feldspargeeiss gneiss)30 to 60 metresthick containingseveral leases of andbiotite gneissup to 4.6 metresthick werealso inter- dolomite,lOto3Ometresthick, that extendeastwardfrom sectednear surface.Analytical resultsfrom surfaceand MomisseyCreek alongthe baseof a bluff for someMO drill-hole samplingarc givenin Table33. Core samples metrcs.These rocks arc intrudedby bodiesof pegmatitic had an averagebrightness of 94.4 per cent. The Main gneisaand andesiticto da&c dikes.Bedding in a quarry Zone is estimatedto contain 1.8miUion tonnes of lime- eastof MorrisseyCreek strikes ll(P and dips 75”south. stonebased on diamonddrilling (GailIet,1984). Acrossthecreektothewest abandofdolomiticltone This deposithas been explored for its calcitemarble 30 metresthick and overlyingbiotite-hornblende mig- since 1983.Techmia Canada Ltd. (formerly Blue River matite strike north and dip W west.The hvo sequences Mines Ltd.) andEkaton Industries Inc., both of Calgary, on eitherside of MorrisseyCreek arc probablyseparated Alberta, havecarried out aa extensiveprogram of map- by a fault. ping,diamond drilling andbulk samplingsince 1984. Blue The deposit is comprised of medium to coarse- River Mines minedand crushed 7800 tonnes of limestone gmiaed(2-6 mm), brownishweathering, white dolomite, in 1988.The propertyhas been inactive since then, largely containingscattered streaks and spots of light greento due to the inability to securelong-term large-tonnage yclkwish greenserpentine, flakes of yellowto light brown salescontracts. The companyhas so far (to 1989)only phlogopiteand vein-like bodies of feldspar.Various other receivedinquiries for limestonefor decorativepurposes. minor constituentsinclude calcite, forsterite,diopside, SelectedBibliography spine],anthophyuite, tremolite, biotite and apatite.Aa analysisreported by McCammon (1971)is in Table 33. Bridsh Columbia Minishy of Enemy, Mines and Peboleum Dolomite reservesarc estimated at 1 miUion tonnes Resounes: (Gunter,1984, p. 14). The dolomitic limestonewest of MorrisscyCreek is Guillet, G.R. (1984a):Diamond Drilling Report oa the medium grained and white in colour. Chert beds arc SnoProper~, Assessment Report 12789. prominentwithin this unit. The limestonecontains minor Gaillet, G.R. (1984b):Blue River Calcite; unpublished diopside,mica and serpentine. report in IndustrialMineral File. Dolomite and limestonewere initially quarriedhere Master,P.P. (1986): Fmal TechnicalReport on the Blue for building stoneand lime as early as 1916.Ramshead River Marble Deposit;Assessment Report 15725. QuarriesLtd. quarriedthe dolomite for building stone from 1968to 1971.W’.S. Quarry Ltd. performedscme minor explorationwork io 1984.This wasfollowed shortly

Open File 1992-18 123 afterwards by an unsuccessful attempt to produce Drilling intersected light grcy to white, medium- crushed and ground dolomite products. graineddolomitewitb somecakitestringers,minorpyrite and minor garnet, occurring sometimes as thin, reddish Selected Bibliography browDbaods.AfewbandsofveryLightgrey,recrystallized Btitish Columbia Minisby of Energv, Mines and Petroleum limestone (marble) in dolomite were also intersected. Rt?SOUrCeX Thisdolomiticsequenceisunderlainbywhite toveryligbt grey limestone with occasional garnet and minor pyrite.. Gunter, R. (1984): Geological Report on the Beaver The deposit was explored in 1979 by Wallace Cbaput Propertr, Assessment Report 13176. to evaluate the dolomite for use as dimension stone. Hors, Z.D. (1986): New Developments in Industrial Three holes were drilled for a total of 40.8 m&es. Minerals; in Geological Fieldwork 1985, Paper 1986-l. page ZAO. Selected Bibliography McCammon, I.W. (l%a): Limestone in the Greenwood - British Columbia Minimy of Energy Mines and Petmleum Grand Forks Area; Miter of Mines Report, pages R&WtX?S: 142-143. McCammon, J.W (1971): Ramshead Quarries; in Geol- Singhai, G. (1979): Diamond Drilling Report on the ogy, Exploration and Miig in British Columbia Walled F’roperv, Assessment Report 7797. 1970, pages 490-491. Highway 6 (Vernon) N-I-3 82L/03E Conada Department of Mines and Resowces: MINFILE No.: 82LSWO84 Latitude: 50’14’37” Map No.: L193 Longitude: 119”14’23 Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, page 190. A mass of limestone in the Mona&e gneiss outcrops Parks, W.A. (1917): Report on tbe Building and Or- over an area 150 m&es in diameter on the north slope of namental Stones of Canada; Report 452, Volume S, a hill, 400 m&es south of Highway 6, 3.2 kilometres pages 140-141. south-southeast of Vernon. The limestone is dark grey, well fractured, very sili- Walled Claims (Mabel Lake) N-IX 82L/lOE cious and cut by numerous white calcite v&lets. AU MlNFILE No.: 82LNEO41 Latitude: 5096’37” a&& reported by McCammon (1961) is in Table 33. Map No.: DO12 Longitude: 118”38’05” Selected Bibliography Dolomite. and limestone outcrop on the south side of British Columbia Ministry of Enemy, Mines andPetr&um T&us Creek, 3 kilometres east of Mabel Lake within RC?SOUPXX granitic gneiss of the Monashee go&s complex Three short holes drilled on dolomite outcrop along a section McCammon, J.W. (l%l): L.iiestone in the Vernon Area; trending north-northwest over a distance of S&l metres Minister of Mines Report, pages 147-148. intersected continuous dolomite to depths of up to 20.7 metres.

124 Gmtqicat Survey Bnmch JUBILEE FORMATION Tbe Jubilee Formation is a cliff-forming dolomite Leech,G.B. (1954):Canal Flats, British Columbii; Paper unit of Middle to Upper Cambrianage ovedain by lime- 54-7,pages 9-10. stoneand shaleof the Upper Cambrianto Ordovician McKay Group. The formation has been previously Leech, G.B. (1959): Canal Flats, Kootenay District, mappedin part asthe OttertailFormation (Walker, 1926). British Columbii; Map 24-1958. The Ottertail Formation is now defined as the Leech,G.B. (1960):Fereie (West Half), British Colum- stratigraph&dlyequivalent massive limestone uni& with bii; Map 11-1960. minor dolomiteand shale, outcropping farther east in the Leech, G.B. (1979):Geology, Kaeanaskis Lakes, West VemdUionRange. Folding and faulting causes the Jubilee Half, British Columbia and Alberta (8Zl Wl/2); Formation to outcrop in narrow, northwest-trending OpenFik 634. bands in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountain Trench, Reemr, J.E. (1973):Geology of the.Lardeau Map-area; behveenlatitudes 4Y45’ north and51” north. Most of the Memoir 369, pages47-48 and accompanyingMap tit Lieseast of the trench, however,northwest of In- l326A. vermerethe formationoutcrops along the westside of the Walker, J.F. (1926):Geology and Mineral Deposits of trenchon Mount Forster,north of HorsethiefCreek, and WmdermereMap-area, British Cobunbii; Memoir on Steamboatand Jubileemountains. The unit variesin 148,pages 21-22 thicknessfrom 1200m&es in the HughesRange to l2O metresin the vicinity of HorsethiefCreek. Pond CIaims (Canal Flats) NT3 82J/O4W The JubileeFormation can be divided into two dis- MINFILE No.: 82JSWO33 Latitude: 150~03’11 tinct members. The lower member consists of we& Map No.: DO13 Longitude: llY45’55” beddedand laminated,tine-grab&, white to dark grey dolomite that weathersto a cream to dark blue- grey Dolomiteof tbelower memberof the JubileeForma- c&m. A few of the beds are mottled. White to black tion forms a ridge trending north-northwestfor 6.3 chert occursin minor amountsin mostbeds as lenses and kibmetres alongthe eastside of the KootenayRiver, 8.8 hminae paraIIeliegbedding and as lace-I&e stringers. to 15.1kilometres south-southeast of Canal Flats. The Chertcontaminationisexteosivcinsomebeds.Thismem- dolomiteoutcrops over widths of up to 750m&es near her variesup to 700metres thick in the HughesRange. In the centreof the ridge. Beddingstrikes 165” to 195”and tbc StanfordRange it is approximately300 metres thick. dips 3Y to 50”east. The upper membercontains thickly beddedto mas- Six diamond-drill holes near the south end of the sive, fme to coarse-grained,white to dark grey, mostly ridge, a short distancewest of Island Pond, intersected light greydolomite, which weathers mainly to a light grey light to dark greyto bluish grey,variably mottled, fme to andless commonly to a buff or light pinkishcolour. Chert medium-graineddolomite, displayieg minor brecciation is locally abundantin the form of irregular massesand accompaniedby secondarywhite to pinkish dolomite thin lenses.The uppermen&r is MO metresthick in the ftig fractures.Tabular to wavyto IenticuIarlaminae are HughesRange and between 150 and 300 metres thick east quitecommon. In places,the rock becomesmore massive of FairmontHot Springs. with indistinct bedding.Some black to light grey chert lensesand a few irregularblotches and roundedblebs of SelectedBibliography dark bluish grey cbert are present. Vugs encrustedwith white dolomiteor pink calciteare presentlocally. British Columbia MinishyojEnergy, Mines andPetroleum Resources: ‘No diamond-driIlholes near the centreof the ridge, some3 kilometresto the north, cored light to medium Bennett,S. (1986):Geology of the Mount FraserMap- greyto blue grey,fme-grained, massive to well-laminated area(82w9,16); Preliminary Map 62. dolomiteextensivelybrecciated and cemented with white dolomiteand white to pinkishcalcite. Henderson,G.G.L. (1954): Geology of the Stanford Adyses of d&core samplesare givenin l’hble 34. Rangeof the RockyMountains, East KootenayDii- trict, British Columbia;Bulletin 35,pages 19-U). ComincoLtd. stakedthe southern half of the deposit in 1980in order to evaluateit as a potential sourceof magnesiummetal. Sii holeswere dried in 1981on the

Open File X992-18 125 Pond 1 claim near the south end of the deposit for a total dark brownish grey surface. Analyses reported by of 636 metres. An additional 140 metres were dried in Coudge (1944) are in Table 34. two holes on the Pond 3 claim farther north, in the middle. The underlying lower member is comprised of light of the deposit. to dark grcy, well-bedded dolomite frequently displaying fme laminae, as exposed io a section 288 me&s thick on SelectedBibliography the south dope of Mount Fairmoot. Some of the beds Bridsh Columbia Ministy of Energy, Mines and Petroleum contain numerous chert nodules. Resounes: Selected Bihliograpby Hamilton, J.M. (1980): Diamond Driig Report on the British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Pond Property, Assessment Report 8975. Resources: Hamilton, J.M. (1981): Diamond Drilling Report on the Pond Property, Assessment Report 10079. Hedderson, G.G.L. (1954): Geology of the Stanford Range of the Rocky Mountains, East Kootenay Dis- Fairmont Mountain trict, British Columbia; Bulletin 35, pages 66-67. (Fairmont Hot Springs) NTS: s2Jp5w MINFILE No.: 8ZlSWO23 Latitude: 50”19’28 Canada Department of Mines and Resources: Map No.: DO14 Longitude: 115”49’58 Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, Part 5, pages 214-215. Dolomite underlies a ridge that rises southeastward from F&moot Hot Springs, culminating in the summit of F&moot Mountain, and continuing eashvard to the Athalmer (Dry Gulch) N-IS: 82K/09E Kootenay River for a total length of 10 kilomctres. Bed- MINFILE No.: 82KNEO78 Latitude: 50935’23 dig strikes 090” to l.35’ and dips 25” to 65” north. The Map No.: DO15 Longitude: 116”00’13” formation is estimated to be 600 m&es thick along the ridge. Dolomite is exposed in a vertical cliff in the head- In the vicinity of F&moot Hot Springs the upper waters of Dry Gulch Creek, 2.6 kilometres cast of Higb- member of the Jubilee Formation is dark bluish grey and way 95 and 8.2 kilometrcs north-northeast of Athahner. tine grained. Near the top of the ridge, farther east, the The dolomite continues northwestward for 2 kilometres dolomite becomes pale bluish grey to pinkish grey and as a narrow, fault-bounded mass within limestone and medium-grained. Both rock types weather to a rough, shale of the Cambrian-Ordovician McKay Group.

126 Geol@at Sumy Bmnch M Dry GoI& Creek the dolomite is fme-grained and Reesor, JE. (1973): Geology of the Lardeau Map-area; pey io c&ur. It is reported to be of good grade despite Memoir 369, pages 51-53 and acxompaoyiog Map a few white and blue chert nodules. An analysis reported l326A. by Goudge (1944) is io Table 34. Stott, D.F. (1972): GeologicaI Maps of Northeastern B.C. and Northwestern AIberta; Open FiIe 286. SelectedBiMiogaphy Taylor, G.C. and Stott, D.F. (1979): MonkmaaPass Map Canada Depaninent of Mines and Resou~‘~es: area, British Colombii (931); Open FiIe 630. Wheeler, J.O. (l%l): Rogers Pass - Golden (West Half), Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canah &port Sll, British Colombii and AIberta; Map 4-l%l. Part 5, pages X3-214. Spillimachccn N-l-s: 82KjI6W BJGWERFOOTFORMATION -E No.: 82KNEO77 Latitude: 50’56’08” The Beaverfoot Formation is a massive, cIiff-fotig Map No.: DO16 Longitude: 11622’32 unit of Upper Ordovician age, resting on either quu’tzite of the Ordovician Mount Who (Wonah) Formation or Dolomite outcrops south of Cedared Creek, 3.2 liiestone and shale of the Cambrian to Ordoviciao kiIometm northwest of SpiUiicheeo and continues McKay Group. FokIiog and faulting has broken “p the southeastward along the mountainside for 8.75 formation iota a series of pamUt$ northwest-trendiog kiIometres on the west Iimb of the Kiadersley Creek bands lying just east of the Rocky Mountain Trench bc- anticIine. The strata -generaJIy . strike lm and dip 7Y tweet latitudes 4Y45’ and 51%’ north in sootbcastem southwest. British Columbii and behveen 54V5’ and 55VO’ north in The deposit is comprised of nearlywhite weathering, the oortheastem part of the pmvioce. The uoit varies in br& grey, thickIy bedded, tioe-grained dolomite, thiclo~a from at least IXI metres in the Staoford Ranges withsomebedsofbrown-weatheriagbrecciateddolotite to less than 7 metres south of Horsethief Creek. cemented io part by white caIcite.-h aoaIysis reported The formation is geoeraUy comprised of massive to by Goudge (1!944)is in Table 34. thickly bedded, dark to light grey to brownishgrey, pinkish to tight grey to nearly white weathering, fme- S&&d Bibliography grained dolomite. The onit becomes weU-bedded to the north io the vicinity of Bosh Riir (82NW). Some beds contaio interbedded dolomite sod limestone. Lenses and lmdldes of chert are occa?.ioaaIIy present in some of the Goudge,M.F. (1944):Limestones of Can& Report811, beds and saodstone beds occor sporadicaIIy throughout Part 5, pagesx3-214. the formation. In places the formation contains a basal member consisting of dark grey a@aceous dolomite sod saodstoae (“Whisky ‘I+aiI member”). Geary Creek (Fahmont Hot Springs) NTS: 82J/O5W S&&d Bibliography MINFIL.E No.: 82JSWO32 Latitude: 50“18’24 British Columbia Mb&y of Enem Mines and Pebvlatm Map No.: DO17 Longitude: 115O49’44” Resources: Dolomite underlies a spur that rises southeashvard Henderson, G.G.L. (1954): Geology of the Staoford along the south side of Gcary Creek, northeast of the north end of Columbia Lake. It is exposed aIong the crest Range of the Rocky Mountains, East Kooteaay Dis- of the spur over a length of 3.8 kiIometres and a tidth of trict, British Columbia; Bulletin 35, pages 25.68-70. up to 12IX metres. Bedding strikes 1OY to l2@ and dips w to 4Y north. Gtd@al Swveyof Canada.. The deposit is comprised of very fme-grained, dark bluish grey, thickly bedded dolomite. An analysis BaIkwi& H.R., Price, RA. and Mountjoy, E.W. (1980): reported by Got&e (1944) is in TabIe 34. Golden (West HaIf), B.C.; Map 1497A. Leech, G.B. (1954): CaaaI Flats, British Colwbii; Paper S&cted Bibliography 54-7, pages 19-20. Canada Department of Mines and Resource.s: Leech, G.B. (1960): Femie (West HaIf), British Colum- bia; Map 11-1960. Goodge, M.F. (1944): Liiestoncs of Cana*, Report 811, Leech, G.B. (1979): Geology, Kananaskis Lakes, West Part 5, pages 2142l5. HaIf, British Colmbia and Alberta (82J Wlf2); Open FiIe 634.

Open He lW2-18 127 Glenogle Selected Bibliography (Kicking Horse River) N-I-S 82NJO7W Geological Surveyof Camdcz MINFILE No.: 82N 076 Latitude: 51’17’23” Map No.: DO18 Longitude: l16a50’20” Taylor, G.C. (1%3): Geoloe~, McDonald Creek, British Columbia; Map 28-1%3. A northw&tremiiag belt of dolomite is well ex- Taylor, G.C. and St&t, D.F. (1971): Tuchodi Lakes, posed along the TramCanada Highway (Highway 1). 15 British Columbia; Open File 79. to 3 k&me&es west of Glenogle Station, in the canyon of Taylor, G.C. and St&t, D.F. (1973): Tuchcdi Lakes Map the Kickiig Horse River. It is massive to thin bedded, light area, British Columbia; Memoir 373, pages 17-18 to dark grey and fme-grained. Chert is quite abundsnt in and accompanying Map l343A. places. Analyses reported by Goudge (1944) are in Table 34. Penny Clalls (lbad Rlver) N-IS: 94K/ 12E A quarry was operated by the Canadian Pacitic Rail- MINFILE No.: 94K 087 Latitude: 58’43’26 way 1.6 kilometres west of Glenogle Station to supply dolomite for use as railroad ballast sometime daring the Map No.: L194 Longitude: 125’40’56 early 1940s. This deposit is situated on a west-flowing triiutary of the Toad River, 2 kilometres east of the river, 180 Selected Bibliography kilometres xv@ of Fort Nelson. It comprises an outcrop of extremely pwe, porcela~~eous (cryptocrystalline), Canada Depamnent of Mines and Resources: milky white, massive limestone 60 metres wide and 30 Goudge, M.E (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, metres high. An analysis by Corn&n Ltd. is given in Table Part 5, pages 188,191. 35. The deposit was staked and sampled by Robert Keays of Fort Nelson in 1989. Faimont Cheek NT3 tm/osw Selected Bibliography MINFILE No.: 82JSWO31 Latitude: SOOl8’45” Btitish Columbia Mitzisby of Enew, Mines and Petroleum Map No.: DO19 Longitude: lW46’45” R~SOUIWS:

Dolomite is exposed over widths of up to 9iXl metres Keam R. (1989): letter and Cominca Ltd. assay certiti- south of Fairmont Creek, along the north flank of a ridge cate in Industrial Miieml File. extending for 7.5 kilometres eastward from Fairmom Hot Springs to the Kootenay River. PALLISER FORMATION Beddiig strikes 95’ to 1lV and dips 4y to 55’ north. The dolomite isfmegrained,pale blueand faintlymottled The Upper Devonian Palliser Formation is exposed with light grey. An a&&s reported by Goudge (1944) is throughout most of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. In in Table 34. British Columbia it outcrops between latitudes 4y and 51’ north and behveen latitudes 53”50’ and 54’45’ north. Selected Bibliography In southeastern British Columbia the formation is con- tined to two main belts lying ore either side of the Elk River. The western belt extends 170 kilometres Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, northward from Femie to the Alberta border, while the Part 5, pages 214-215. eastern belt trends northward from the Flathead River, following the Alberta border for 14.0 kilomctres before crossing completely over into Alberta. In northeastern British Columbia the unit trends 120 kilometres NONDA FORhlATION northwestward from the Alberta border to a point I3 The Nonda Formation is a dolomite unit of Lower kilometres southwest of Quint&z Mountain. Extensive Silurian age extending from 53’45’ north latitude folding and thrust faulting, so characteristic of the northweshvard along the east side of the Rocky Mountain Foreland Belt, has broken up the Pall&r Formation iota Trench into the Yukon Territory. The formation appears a series of discontinuous belts trending north to to contain a limestone member of extreme purity in the northwest. The formation is underlain by various Upper vicinity of Toad River near thi Alaska Highway. Devonian units such as the Alexo Formation (limestone and dolomite), Fairhohne Group (carbonates, siltstone, quartz&) and the Besa River Formation (calca~eous

J28 Geologicd .%my Brunch shale) and overlain by black shaIc. of the Miiippiaa Oswald, D.H. (1%3): Surface Geology of Howell Creek Exshaw Formation. Area; PetroIeum Assessment Reprt 1089-l. In the Kootenays the Palliser Formation comprises a lower member (Memo member) of massive, cIiff-fom- ing, light to dark grcy, fme-grained mottled limestone and nodular limestone with some interbedded grey and Campbell, R.B., Mountjoy, E.W. and Young, F.G. (1973): brownish grey, medium-grained dolomite, overlain by an Geology of the McBride Map-area, British C&m- upper member (Costigan member) of less resistant, thin bii; Paper 72-35, page 27 and accompanying Map to medium-bcddcd, dark g~cy, very fme-grained, mxhdar l356& argillaceous limestone. In the Flathead map arca Leech, G.B. (1960): Fernie (West Half), British C&m- (82G/O7E) the Mom and Cost&an members arc l50 biq Map 11-1960. metres and 9 metres thick respectiveIy. Leech, G.B. (1979): Gcolo~, Kananaskis Lakes, West In the McBride map arca of northeastern British Half, British C&m&ii and AIberta (82I WU.2); Columbii (93H) the PaIliscr Formation comprises 240 to Open File 634. 330 metres of massive to thickly bedded, dark grey, r&s- Norris, D.K. (1958): Beehive Mountain, AIberta and tal$ micritic limestone.. British Colwbia; Paper 58-5, page 5 and accom- The PaIIiser Formation has the potential to contain paying Map U-1958. considerable widths of high-calcium limestone with Price, RA. (1%5): Flathead Map-area, British Cohunbii minor to extensive contamination by zones of mottled to and AIberta; Memoir 336, pages 3840 and a-m- bcddcd dolomite. A comb&d analysis of scvcn samples panying Map ll54A. representing a 216-metre stratigraphic s&ion of PaUiscr Taylor, G.C. and Stott, D.F. (1979): Monkman Pass Map- Formation exposed on the AIbcrta tide of Crowsnest Pass area, British Colmbia (931); Open File 630. north of Crowsnest Lake, is given in Table 35. The unit is currently quarried for cement manufacturing in Alberta by Lafarge Canada Inc. at thaw and by Intand Cement AIberta Rzsemrh CmmciI: Ltd. at Cadomin. Holtex, ME. (1976): L.&stone Resources of Alberta; Economic Geology Report 4, pages 8-X3,17-20,23- Selected Bibliography 29. British Columbia Minisby of Enem Mines andPetmkum RfZSOWCtX Wardner South NIX 82G/OiiW MINFILE No.: 82GSWO63 Latitude: 4924’36” Banister, W.E. (1957): Geological Report on the Stratig- Map No.: Ll95 Longitude.: 115=‘17 raphy and Structure, Fernie and Flathead Map Areas; Petroleum Assessment Report 617. Limestone is exposed along a railway-cut just scmth Hcy,T. andCartc.r,G. (19~):Geolo~oftheFe~eWest of Wardner on the west side of the Kootenay River. The Half Map Sheet (and part of Nelson E li2) @G/W’ Iimestone strikes 065’ and dips 9 north. The railway-cut X?, 82F,‘E l/Z); Open File. 1988-14. cxpxes &ii-bedded to massive+ w&fractured, tine- grained, dark bluish grey high-c&bun limestone with some bands and fmc mottlings of brown-weathering mag-

Open File 1992-18 129 Etitish Columbia n&an material. The opper part of the exposed section dolomite with mioor &de, ove&in by a thinner opper contains thin shale partings. An analysis reported by member comprised of light grey to black, fme-grained, Goudge (1944) is in Table 35. silty limestone and dolomite, with stringers and blebs of grey chert. Tbe formation ranges from 58 to 235 m&es Selected Bibliography in thickness Camzda Deputment of Mines and Remunzx In northeastern Btitisb Columbii the Rumile Group outcrops between latitudes 53%’ and 5525’ north, ez- Goudge, M.F. (1944): Limestones of Canada; Report 811, tending northwestward from the Alberta border to Part 5, pages 201-202. southeast of F’iie Pass. The goup is uoderlaio by shaly carbonates of the Mississippian B&f Formation or RUNDLE GROUP shales of the Miippian-Devonian Besa River Forma- Carbonates of the Miiissippian Rundle Group out- tion and overlain by calcareous siltstone and sandstone of crop discontiouously over most of the Canadian Rocky the Permo-Carboniferous Stoddart Group or by&tone, shale and minor carbonate of the Triassic SuIphur Moon- Mountains. As with other onits in the Foreland Belt, the lain Formation. Near the Alberta border the Rondle Rundle Group has been affected by extensive foldiig and Group has been divided into three formatiom, from bt- thrust faulting. Tbe group is confined to narrow, tom to top: Pekisko, Shunda and lamer Valley forma- northwesterly trending belts kilometres to tens of tions. Farther north the group rem&s undivided and is kilometres in Iength. sometimes referred to as the Rundle Formation. In southeastern British Columbia the Rumile Group The group is the main cliff-formiog unit of the Front is largely confiid to hvo north-trending belts, similar to Raoge (Hart Ranges) in the northern Rocky Mountains. the Palliser Formation, with the western belt extending It comprises m to 450 metres of limestone and dolomite northward from Femie along tbe wst side of the Elk with locally abundant chert nodoles and interbedded River for 120 kilometres and the eastern belt following siltstone. The Prophet Formation is a stratigraphically the Albertaborder for 14Okilometresbeforecrossinginto equivalent onit of mostly massive, light grey, cberty lime- Alberta southeast of Upper Kaoanaskis Lake. The group is uoderlaio by argillaceoos limestone and shale of the stone and dolomite, with minor shale and siltstone that continues northwest of the Ruodle Group. Between In- Mississippian Banff Formation and overlain by San&tone tersection Mountain and the Narmway River (93HNE, and dolomite of the Permian and Pennsylvanian Rocky 93ISE) the group comprises 30 to 46 metres of resis&mt, Mountain Formation in the southern Canadian Rockies. massive limestone of the basal Pekisko Formation, over- In this region it has been divided into three formations, lain by ‘Xl metres of thin-bedded, micritic limestone and from bottom to top: Livingstone, Mount Head and fme-grained dolomite of the Shunda Formation, in tom Etherington formations. overlain by up to 18Ometresoffme tocoarse-grained,thin The Livingstone Formation is characterized by ligbt grey, coarse-gmioed, thickly bedded to massive, variably to medium-bedded, generally cherty dolomite of the Turner Valley Formation. In the Hook Lake area cherty, cliff-forming limestone, with lesser amounts of (931NW) the goup contains a similar mummed succes- interbedded, medium to light grey, fme-grained lime- sion umsistingof30 to6LJmetres ofligbt greyweathering, stone sod silty liiestone. Beds of Iight Fey, fme-grained medium to very coarse-grained, locally dolomitized, dolomite occur in the upper half of the unit, while the resistant, detrital limestone overlain by 120 to I% metres chert tends to be coofmed to the lower half. Thicknesses of brownish grey weathering, argillaceous limestone and vary from 335 to 420 metres. tine to medium-grained dolomite, followed by 170 to 200 The Mount Head Formation contains mostly metres of light greyand brown-weathering, fme tocoarse- medium to tbiwbedded, medium to fme-grained, light gmimd, resistant dolomite. grey to black, occasionally argillaceous to sandy dolomite In general, the limestones of the Rundle Group be- and limestone with nodules and beds of black chert dis- come more argillaceous and dolomitic up section. Purer persed throughout. One prominent cliff-forming member limestones exhibiting minor to moderate contamination (Loomis member) outcrops oear the base of the forma- by chert and dolomite se.em to be contimed to the base of tion. It consists of massive, light to medium grey, medium the group. Massive resistant beds of extreme purity can to very coarse-grained limestone with some interbedded, be found in both northeastern and southeastern British medium to fme-grained, light brow&b grey dolomite. This member is from 90 to 140 metres thick. The forma- Columbia. Such be& are currently being exploited in tion generally ranges from 180 to 330 metres in thickness. Alberta for liie manufacturing by Summit Liie Works Ltd. in the Crowsnest Pass and by Contine& Lime ud. The Etherington Formation comprises a lower mem- at Exshaw. Smnmit Lime operates a series of quarries on her containiig thiiy interbedded, medium to coarse- the north side Crowsnest Pass in the Livingstone Forma- grained, light grey limestone and platy, fme-grained, light tion and the basal portion of the Moont Head Formation, grey and yellowish grey, commonly silty limestone and

130 Gcoh+zt Sunvy Bmnch I to 3 l&m&es southeast of the provincial bamdary. Gtdogkal Survey of Conah.. The quanies lie in the eastern part of the belt that wan- tinw,s northward along the British Columbii - Alberta Ban&r, E.W. and Maqueen, R.W (1971): Lower Car- bader for 140 kilometres. Continental Lime is quarrying bcmiferow and Permian Stratigraphy, Monkman ultrahigh-calcium limestone of the Living&me Forma- Pass Area, Northeastern, British Columbia; in tion grading 99 per cent C&O3 and less than 1 per cent Report of AcIivities, Paper 71-L4, pages 193-l%. SiOz (Halter, 1976, p. 20).The. average an&is of a series CampbeU, R.B., Mountjoy, E.W. and Young, F.G. (1973): of samples taken on the. aorth side of Crownest Pass Geology of the McBride Map-area, British Colum- along a f&metre horiznntal section of westward dipping bii; Paper 72-35, page 2g and accompanying Map strata of the Livingstone Formation is gjven in Table 36. l356A. Selected Bihiiography Leech, G.B. (19@: Femie (West Half), British C&m- bia; Map 11-1960. British CoIwnbiaMirdmyofEm?~, Mbws andPetroleum Leech, GB. (1979): Geology, Kananaskis Lakes, West RtXXUWS: Half, British Cobunbia and Alberta (gZ Wl/2); Open File. 634. Banister, WE. (1957): Geological Report on the Stratig- MulIer, J.E. (l%l): Pioe Pass, British C&nⅈ Map raphy and Struchue, Fernie and F&head Map 11-l%l. Areas; Petroleum Assessment Report 617. Norris, D.K. (195g): Beehive Mountain, Alberta and Hay,T andCarter,G.(l9Sg):GeologyoftheFemieWest British Columbia; Paper 5g-5, page. 6-g. and x.com- Half Map Sheet (and part of Nelson E X?) (gZG/W panying Map U-1958 l/2,82F/E l/2); Open File 19gg-14. Fhx, RA. (1%5): Flathead Maparea, British Cobnbia Oswald, D.H. (1%3): Surface Geology of Howell Creek and Alberta; Memoir 336, pages 43-52 and accmn- Area; Petroleum Assessment Report lOS9-1. panyiog Map lI54A. Stott, D.F. (1972): Ge&gical Maps of Northeastern B.C. and Northwestern Alberta; Open File 286.

TABLE 36 ANALYSES OF RUNDLE GROW LIMESTONES

open me 1992-1‘3 131 Btitish Co/wnbiu

Stott, D.E McMechan, M.E., Taylor, G.C. and MuIIer, SelectedBibliography J.E. (1983): Piie Pass (930) Map Area, B.C.; Open Canada Deputment of Mines and Resources: File 925. Taylor, CX. and St&t, D.P. (1979): Monkman Pass Map Goudge, M.E (1944): Liiestooes of Canada; Report 811, arca, British Columbia (931); Open File 630. Part 5, pages ?.@I,202 Thompson, R.I. (1987): Geology of H&way River, British CoIumbia; Map 1634A. Kootenay River - West Side N-I-S: 82G/O6W Thompson, R.I. (1989): Stratigraphy, Tectonic Evolution MINFILJZ No.: 82GSWO61 Latitude: 4926’37” and StructuraI AnaIysis of the Half Way River Map Area (94B), Northern Rocky Mountains, British Map No.: L198 Longitude: 11528’47” Columbia; Memoir 425, page 33. A ridge of coarse-grajned, Iight grey Iimestone ties along the southwest side of the Koatenay River, 3 to 7.5 Alberta Research Council: kiIometres northwest of Wardner. It is folded about a northeast-plunging syncIine (H6y and Carter, 1988). An Halter, M.E. (1976): Limestone Resources of AIbertq an&& reported by Goudge (1944) is in Table 36. Economic GcoIogy Report 4, pages g-29. SelectedBibliography SOUTHERN FORELAND BELT Comz& Deparbnent of Mines and Resoumes: Rhrdner North (Kootenay River)NTS: 82G/O6W h4INFILE No.: 82GSWO62 Latitude: 4926’09” Goudge, M.P. (1944): Limestooes of Canada; Report 811, Map No.: L196 Longitude: 115~4’03” Part 5, pages 198,202.

A mass of Iimcstooe forms a hiIl9O m&es high oo Bull River (Norkay) N-IX: 82G/O6W the east side of the Koatenay River, approximately 2 kilometres north of the highway bridge at Wardoer. The MNFILE No.: 82GSWO32 Latitude: 49‘28’49” Iimestone strikes west and dips south. On the southeast Map No.: DO20 Longitude: llY29’13” side of the hiII the rock is coarse-grained, Iight brow& grcy, high-c&urn Iimestooe. Fme-grained, dark grey Dolomite was quarried 3.2 kilometres west- Iimcstonc containing some siIicifled fossiIs and chert is northwest of the town of BuII River, northeast of the exposed oo the northeast side of the hiII. ‘Avo anaIyscs Kootcoay River. The quarry is developed in thickly reported by Goudgc (1944) are in Table 36. bedded (greater than 3 metres) carbonates, striking Ow to 030’ and dipping ZY southeast. These beds are quite SelectedBibliography variable in composition. They consist mostly of medium- Canada Department of Mines and Resources: grained, gram&w, flesh grey dolomite with some fme- grained siIiccous mate&& Goudge, M.P. (1944): Liiestones of Canada; Report 811, A narrow raihvay cutting, lm mctres southeast of Part 5, pages 2lW, 202. the quarry exposes a section of carbonate beds, striking l35’ and dipping w northeast. The section is comprised of a 7.3-metrc bed of coarse-grained, grcy, magnesiaa Kootenay River - East Side NTS: 82G/O6W limestone (Bed 1) undcrlaio by 5.2 m&es of earthy, MINFILE No.: 82GSWO36 Latitude: 49Y27’16” crumbIy weatheriog magoesian Iimcstonc (Bed 2). This Map No.: L197 Longitude: llS’2.5’43” bed is in tum underlain by a 3.7-m&e bed of medium to coarse-grained, grey, high-czdcium Iimestone (Bcd3) fol- Limestone is exposed for 500 metres aIong a cIiff lowed by brown magnesiaa Iimestooe (Bed 4). AnaIyses adjacent to the Canadian PaciIic Railway on the east side reported by Goudge (1944) arc in Table 36. of the Kootcoay River, 3.8 kiIometres north of Wardncr. The quarry was operated by Cominco Ltd. bchvccn It strikes @I@ and dips m to 90’ northwest. 1960 and 1%2 to suppIy the cornpa& iron reductioo The Iimestone is brownish grey and fme-grained. plant at KimberIy with dolomitic flu% A totaI of 17 835 Chert is abundant war the south end of the exposure. Ao tonnes of dolomite was quarried. analysis reported by Goudge (1944) is io Table 36. This Iimestooe was quarried and burnt in hvo Iime kii near SelectedBibliography the south end of the deposit prior to 1944. A mass of Eritish Columbia Minisoy of Enew, Mines ondPetroleum yeIIowish brow, sugary textured, magnesian Iimestone Rtmwces: mixed with white caIcite outcrops m metrcs north of the kilns.

132 Ga%&d SurveyBmnch Anonymous(1%2): untitled, unpublishedreport in In- Hors, Z.D. (1986): New Developmentsin Industrial dustriaIMiiemI File. Mineral, in Geological Fieldwork 1985,Paper 19&l, page239. Canada Department of Mines and Resowctx Mouat Palsson (Baker Creek) NTS: 93P/o4W Goudge,M.F. (1944):Liiestones of Cana&, Report811, MINF&E No.: 93P 003 Latitude: 55’08’34” Part 5, pages2lw 202. Map No.: L200 bngitude: 121’52’42 NORIHERNFORJUND BELX The Mount Palsson deposit is situated CXIthe southeastside of theSukunka River, eastof its c&Iuence Prime Llle and Marble ~thB~er~~~~~ome~es~u~-~uthwestof~et- wynh appmximately 2.5 kiIometres east-southeastof (Baker Creek) Pa-s: 93P/O4W Rime Lime and Marble property(L199). -E No.: 93P 023 Latitude: 55’09’09” The deposit lies within a northwest-trendingIime- Map No.: L199 bngitude: 121=‘55’02” stone band IX the east Iimb of the same overturned synche that hoststhe F’rimeLime and Marble deposit. This quarry is locatedun the northwestside of the L.ocaUy,the limestoneis warped into a pair of closely SukunkaRiver, 2 kilometresnorth-northwest of its wn- spacedanticlines trending west-northwest. thence~4th Baker Creek and 64 kiIometressouth-south- The depositis mmprised of a chemicaI-gradelbne- west of Chehvynd.The quarryis developedin a band of stonemember that passesupward into an overIyingim- Iimestonetrending northwest aIong the west Iimb of an pure Iimestonemember. The chemical-grademember overturned syncIine. At the quarry thickly bedded cmsists of white speckledmicrite and brown to grey- homogeneouslimestone s&iking lw to l@ anddipping brown, very fme gained, sIightIydolomitic wackestone 7Y to w west outcmpsfor 330metres akmg the cxestof (detritaI liiestone). The impure member xmsists of a hogsbackridge with a minimumwidth of 45 metres.The brown-greyto grey,fme to mar%-grained,siIty dcdomitic Umestmeis overlainand underlain by lesshomogeneous, wackestonewith minor dolomitic &rite. Ve& of white thinly beddedlimestone. calciteare present in both units.Pyrobihunen is ccmmm~- Th& depositis mmprised of fine-grained(0.2 to 05 ly presenten frachne surfaces. mm), Iight to dark brownishgrey, massive but strongly ‘IWOzones of reserveshave been defined in the fracturedIimestone. An averageanalysis is in Table36. chemical-gradeIimestone along the crestof eachof the SubsequentdriIIing in 19%defmed reserves of 40 mUion hvoanti&es. The ones areseparated by 80to 90metres tonnesranging in compositionfrom 52.5per cent CaO of impure limestone preservedaIong the intervening (93.9per centCaCO3) to 56.0per centCaO (99.9per cent syncline.Indicated and inferred reserves (ii tonnes)with CaCO$ (B. Ferguscm,1989, personal ummnmication). averageFades (ii per cent) are givenas follows (Mac- This depositwas quarried to produceIimestone for w 1988): paving asphakmixes and for agriculturaIpurposes by F&e Liie and Marble Co. Ltd. during 1984and 1985. i!me ltese¶vcs a0 htg0 SiOz AhO2 Fe@3 PeaceRiver Lime Ltd. squired the quarryin 1986,but SO”Ol l7m@lo 54.36 0.67 0.37 0.x 0.01 faiIed to place the deposit into production.Northern Ncmh 44OCCO 54.47. 0.73 04 0.27 mce Lime and Fertilizer Co. Ltd. of Van~uver had planned to beginquarrying operations in 19Xl.The ccmpaayin- The South Zone outcrops aIong the crest of the tended to supply limestoneto pulp mills in northern southernanticline over a lengthof X0 metresand a width AIberta and to agricukwal marketsin northernAlberta of @Ito 100metres. The North Zxme outcropsfor up to andnortheastern British Columbia. 160me&es along the crestof the northernanticline over a width of up to 1GUmetres. S&&d Bibliogmpby The deposit was initially evaluatedby Westmin British Columbia Minisby ofEne~, Mines and Petroleum ResourcesLiiited in 1983 as a potentiaI source of RL?sources: agriculturallime for the PeaceRiver area.The property wassubsequendy optioned to Knox WesternCapitaI Inc. Curry, J.D. (1983): The Baker Creek Limestone of CaIgary,Alberta. Knox WesternCapital carried out Prospect;unpublished report awmpaaying Notice detailedmapping and sampIing in 1988in order to deter- of Opening - Quarries,fded by F’rime Liie and mine the quantityand suitabiity of the limestoneavail- Marble Ltd., in IndustrialMiiemI FiIe. ablefor usein pulp andpaper miIls.

Open Fi/e 1992-B 133 Selected Bibliography MacLeod, W.A. (1988): Geological Report on the Westmh Lease No. 80’2OL5, Mount P&son Area; Llndsh Columbia Mbdsty of Enem Mines and Petrolam unpubIisbed report in Industrial Miieral File. R..murces:

134 Geolo@l Swwy Bmnch APPENDIX 1: MINF’ILE LISTINGS

Not aU the known Iimestone and dolomite occur- The MINFlE numbering system is based on the reoces in British CoIumbia are described in this report, National Tomaphic System grid. The fust four char- because of the poor quaI@ of some and the lack of ac4ers of a MINFILE mu&r designate the l2Xl C03 detaikd information on others. Listings of aU Iimestone map sheet on which the occurrence is located. Occur- and dolomite occurreoces contained ie MINFILE are rences withio a map sheet are numbered sequentiaIIy presented here. The MINFILE database presently con- from 001 to 999 (e.g. 092F KG). Some 12% LXKlmap tains list@ for 36g Iimestooe and 3g dolomite occur- sheets in southern British Columbia have more than rence% most of which were compiIed from the two 999 listings and are therefore divided into four quad- unpubIished reprts Limestone Occurrences in British rants (NE, m, SE, SW) identified in the MINFILE Columbia (1973) and Dolomite Occurrences in British mmber (e.g. 082Fsw zoo). Cohunbia (19gO). Separate lists are given for limes~ooe Becaose the MINFILE munberiog system foUows and dolomite. Some carbonate deposits contain both the N.T.S. grid tbe Iistings cao bc osed to locate occw commodities and woe of the occurrences therefore ap rences by fmt dete rtnining the N.T.S. map sheet cover- pear in both lists.. Occurrences are listed by MINFILE ing the area of ioterest. The occorreoces located in that mmber in oumerical order. Map nombcrs of occurren- particular map area cao then be easiIy looked up. For ces described in this report are also given. Colour, corn- example, reference to the index map (Map 1, in pxk- position and production status are ako indicated. It et) shows that most of northern Vancouver Island is sbouId be noted that awxage grades and reserves for covered by N.T.S. map sheet 092L. Thw Iimcstone and relatively undeveloped deposits may not have been dolomite occurrences on northern Vancower Island rigorously calculated and may not bc reliable. have MINFILE numbers beginning with 092L.

Opel Fik 1992-M 13s

LISTING OF LIMESTONE OCCURRENCES IN MIN-FILE BY MINFILE NUMBER (as of Februaq, 1991)

Information on the occurreoces Iisted below can be obtaioed from the MINFILE Subsection of the Geological Survey Bra& [#2Ol, 553 Superior St. Victoria, B.C. (604) 3562gX]. Tbe Iistiogs below can be obtained electronically from M1NPIL.E in tbe form of a DBASE 3 PLUS fde tided LIMEiSTON.DBP.

Column C - Ccdour Index : l=White 2 = White to Iigbt grey 3 = White gradiig to medium grey to black or bluish grey 4 = thy or bluish grcy 5 = Grey to black 6 = Black 7 = Buff, brown or buff/brownish grey Column S - Composition Index (for occurrences with published sample data or reserve estimates) I = High-caIcium [at least 95% C&O3 (53.2% CeO), up to 2% MgC03 (O.%% MgO)] 2 = CaIcium [at least 75% CaCO3 (42.0% GO), less than 10 % MgC03 (4.79% MgO)] 3 = Magnesium [lo-40% M&O3 (4.79-19.5% MgO)] 4 = Dolomitic (dolostooe) [a-45.72% MgC03 (19.5-2l.g6% MgO)] 5 = Impure (argiIlaceow/siliceoos) [less than 75% CaCO3 (42.0% CaO)]

Column P-Production Status: C indicates current production (as of 1990) P indicates past production A indicates active prospect in 19gg, 1989 or 19%

082fwEO62 082EXWW 49=33x” 116-22-58” 3 cB2ENWOl6 082EA3E 49Y6’52. 119%4’3- 4 F 082!ziE210 LlsQ cs2FJw2w 4v 1’3cr llrsl’21* 3 2 P 082EsE7dl LB1 082ISW$E 49-28’2” 11r5’T 3 2 P 032ESF226 Ll77 032FiU2E 49-3-r 118-41’13- 3 1 P Oe2FsF.228 LB8 082E,Q2E 4Yb’4bm 118~43Yr 3 1 082ESE229 Ll9l w32Eio2E 49=8,13- 11&?3244- 2 082EsF.23O Ll86 082E0lW,O2E 49-3’1” llr29’2lr 5 2 P m2sE231 Ll87 49-7’13” llfT42’4” 3 1 P Oa2FsE232 Ll89 49-7w” 11ww 2 2 082EsEzu 49=-l% llfP31’14- 3 2 c82EsEu.M 49T55” 11w2- 4 2 a82FsF235 Ll!x 082Eiu2w 49=1’11’ 118-50,13- 4 1 cm2Es.237 L176 OiC!FYU*W 49T5T llr27w. 4 2 P OS2ESm L,80 082mlE 49-4’18” 11Ew,21- 3 2 P cs2FsW~ Ll46 M2EiQ5W 49=1723- 119-5r51- 3 2 P 082FNEl39 lxt2Fnow 4!?42’1@- 116X8’45’ 3 082FNEl55 L172 U32FnOW 49=37’13. 116’55’27 2 3 P 082FNEl56 Ll78 082FnOW, 15W 49-46T 116%‘31- 3 2 Ot2FNEl57 Ll61 @82Fn5W 49-45’40- 116=51’3O- 2 P

Open File 1992-18 137 Btitish Columbia

m2FNEls~ 082F/lSW 49-55’2- l16°51’55”3 3 P fflzFNE164 u32FllOW 4!?=31'4Y 116V6’21’ P u32FNwz58 082Fll4E 49=55’T 117v37 1 2 oa2Fsw014 @32F,%E 49w%~ 117ww P m2FsWal5 oa2mm 4974%. 117Tn4* P cm2FsW2u LISS a32Frn3W 49-4’6. 11~16’55. 3 2 P ‘S2FSW2.53 urn @32&3W 49-v.%- llPl7Tr 3 1 P cLs2FsW262 L157 fI32FK0W 49-z%- 1r19w 4 2 a32Psa39 as2Frn3E 49%‘35. 117=1051* 2 P 082Fsw292 Ll75 U32F,U3W, 04E 49-2’49. 117YXSS 2 2 @32FSW307 Lls4 IX2FAl3E 4wx4- 117’14’27 1 2 c m2nW331 U32F/O3E 49=11’2- 117T46. P a2FSW336 49?0’24~ ln-3656~ 4 * m2ESW339 Ll5.5 082im3w 4!7+39- 117-15’45” 3 1 082Gswrn2 Jmo 032GPl6W 4!?28’4T 1Lrw13- 4 3 P &32GSWO2-5 Ll97 W!GiMW 49Y7%- 1ww43* 7 1 P BS2GSWC.51 Ll98 CK72G,TSW 49%3r 11%?8,47 3 2 @32GSW&52 Ll96 K!GiWW 49Y69. ll%?4’3- 7 1 CE2GSW@53 Ll95 WtGD6W 4w36. lw25’17 4 3 oa*KNw226 Ll71 u32Kn2w 5~4330. nmr30. 1 1 P OKXS9376 LUS cm2KD7W 5ow~~ 116%‘2V 3 2 P cm2fisFn77 LlS9 @32KD2W 507’40. 116’57’3T 3 2 P os2RsEm2 L,@l 082Km2w 50-2’5~ 116%‘34- 4 2 P IXXSWOTJ 002Km5w X-24*46- 117%‘59- 3 ffl2LNEn41 DO12 OS2UlOB sc=w3r 11a%5- 2 m2LNEln2 lX2Ul5W sw49w. 11E?ww 3 5 ffl2LNwO64 LU3 092LJl4W sOw4r lw22’12~ 4 2 cm2LNwO75 LlS LwlJl4W sv52’4r ll9Ys~3s 4 2 oa2LNwm6 Ll84 U?.2UllE sow33* ll9TS7 6 2 ca2LNWcw L182 ~I%2fJllE SO-42’19- 119wT 1 1 cm2LNWOBl 082,,14E 50%~5a- 119-4’5. P m2LsFo49 Lll.5 08ZIiUZE so=6Tw llr3w33. 3 2 cx%xsml Ll12 @WV?AV 5ww4r llE?w41. 4 2 ua2Iss.5~ Lll3 082umw 5a=l2z~ 11rs4T 2 2 082LSWOl4 WlJWE sow27 119’34’6- 3 1 a32LsWO49 Lln U32liV.W %Y.sw 1w4923. 1 1 P oa2LswM L193 ,,%2fA3E 50?4’37 11~14% 4 2 m2IsvO94 CS2U33E 5UT2,51” 1w5’30” 3 5 a32Lsvo95 Ll21 @32lJWE 50-28’5s 119-41’s* 4 2 m2mo% Ll24 lXQLJ0Z.E sG=ws3- 119=40%* 6 5 Ll14 ffl2fJmw 5~lS24* 1ww33- 4 2 P m2lswo9a Ll35 CI82UXE 3uY8’3a. 119=13’47 3 1 P c%2L‘wO99 CKXJO6E %=27,?5- 119=7xr 2 2 P m2Lsw112 Ll36 032U4.82EQ3 .5@=2’6* ,19=33%* 1 1 * ca2M 181 C%2tiE 51-718” 119w,l3~ 2 rn2M 182 Ll63 C82Mll2E 51%5’4lr 119=44’40- 2 1 P ra2M 183 Ll64 .w2%- 119=?7’r 2 082N 072 L162 082N,@,W SlT5” llT49’42” 4 3 P cX2N 064 OB2NiQlE wl4’cr 116*4’@- 1 Ll92 M3Drn3W 52740. 119%V4V 1 2 ‘4 092BLIlS ID34 092Bll2E 48-3.5’12’ 123-3125* 4 1 P 092B X.5 IX40 092B/llW 4a-333a” 123YS’l9- 5 1 P 092B 017 UN3 092LVl2E @‘41’16- 123-36’2T 4 3 P @?2B 016 @92&12E w41’1. n3%,43” 092B 019 Lao.5 092lVl2E 4wulw 123%X28” 4 1 P 092B 020 lms 092Bi%W 4aY713. 123Y7w 4 2 P 092BO21 Ins3 @22B/l2E 48%‘14” 123-34’27” 3 1 092llo22 ul.54 092B/l2E 4Kw4r 123%31V 3 1 P m2B 023 C92B/l2B aT.2’13. 123Y6’24 3 092B 024 LO.50 092B/C6W 40%3T 123Y7w 3 1 P 092B on US1 C92BiQ5E 4aYax” 123?3%” 2 P 092B 026 Ins2 092BiiXW 4a=267a- 123Yr24” 4 1 P 092B 118 LJm 092B/l2E 4a393s 123v4’4* 4 2 092B 119 092Bn2w 48-32'13. 123%24” 092B lm 092B/l3W 4V45’6” 123TT4T 092lJ 139 09ZmW 4a-2733” 123Y,5,47- 4 P 092c 010 Ln% 092UlOW 4r41’24” 124*47%- 4 092c 011 Los7 c92cllOW w41’49. 124-4w4y 1 1 092co15 @9ZCJl6E 4r47TT 1240 2.46. 2 092COl6 ulo4 092Ul6E 4a=50?1- 2 092CCS4 Im2 092c!lsw 48Trslr 1 092CC85 LLr36 C92CJ39E w41’23. I 092COS6 L537 C92CX6W 4a-4551* 1 092c cB7 Lma 092uMw 4aTow 1 092c 118 092Ul4E 4aw’lr 092c122 092Ul3E 4a%53- 092c 131 092Ul4E 4a-w13- 092c 132 CU2CJl4E 4834*57- 092c 133 092Ul4E 48525s mc 124 092cmw 4a%w 092c 13s 092Ul4E 4a55’4S 092c 136 4aTYV 042I?om Imo XlOE 49=4S’O- 2 I P 092Eos w2Em 49%3’30. cm?059 4s%2w 092Ec.Yl 49%ww 092EiXl 49-46’tr -070 49-37’0. 3 c92Fo75 49-51’4s 125%?40- 1 092FQla lJlo2 49-3l’r 12A-a33- 2 P 092Fo89 Lou1 49-213.s 124-43’47 092Fo90 49-27’22. 092FO91 092F,%E 49-755s 092Fo92 C92F,03E 49-2aw 092FO93 49-29w 092Fo94 VXZFNSE 49%s4cf l.W32’52- 092Fcm LO17 C92F/lSE 49-4s3s 124%I3,33. 2 P 092FC97 C92F/l3E 49-S7’SlV 125-37% O?J2FO9a 092F/l3E 49-5956~ lw37’4T 092FKm U&2 092Fm9E 4%4*36- 124-9w I P 092F 101 VZlVl9E 49w-42. 124=9’41~ 092F 102 C92FilSE 49%34* 124-42’24’ 092Fml IJll4 49x2.5. 17.4-2l’SY * 092Fl.27 4943’56” X?A?Ya- 092Fl39 um3 092F,lOE w42?# 124-31’44- I C C92Fl!%l Lo33 092F,U3W, 04E 49Y46* 12,5-2SY3- 1 092Fl91 Lm9 092FVXE 49Yl-r 12Y36’24~ 1 092F259 092FilOE 49=42’lr 124-31’37 1 092F29S 092FKZE 4957w lzLwl’ll~ 092F349 092F/l2E 49=41,3r 125-39’33* 092F35.1 092F/l2E 4!?39’4s 092F352 092FiI3W 4!746’11. 092F35.3 092Fil3E 45-51’2- 09ZF363 Lnl3 09ZF/lOE 49+43%. 124-31’14. 1 092F 394 LDl2 @?2F/lOE 49ww 124-31’3Y I C 092F 3% UlB c5zF/lOE 49-439. 124-33’46. * 092F 3% LO10 092F/lOE@E 49-45-r lw31’41’ 1 F 092F397 Loll 092F/lSE 4w6Y- 124=3s3i- I P 092F407 @ZFil5E 49-472O. 17A~T3Y 2 P 092F408 4!?4w 092Frn 49-25r 092F410 49YZY 092F411 49=w17- 092F412 LB41 49w,4- 092F413 09ZFfl3E 49=1*46* 092F414 Lnn 092Ffl3E 49= 2?S* 2 P 092F416 C92Ffl3W 49?,‘2” 12Yl6?S- 092Q417 092FKl3W 45-lY4.4. 1m2.s 092F4la 092F,KiW 49=a’Y 125=30’24* 092F419 4ww 092F420 49-14’31” O92F421 o?www 4-58. 092F422 um7 092FL?E 4939’13’ lZY3l’LY 2 092F423 092FJXW 45-24,41’ 12Y26’5V 092F471 ulls 092F/lSE 49Ya’Y 124-36’16’ 1 P 092F472 092FIlOE 4Y43’6* 124=31’.50. P 092F47Y 092F/l56 1OE 49=4SO3’ 124ww P -474 Lnl9 092Fll5E 4v4731* 124-36’LV 2 P

open File lW2-IS I39 cmQ475 092QflZW 4!x2%- 124-57,3- 092Q476 IBZCJ 092F~lOE 49w%* 124%‘20- 5 2 P WZQ 4n Lo** 0?2F/lSB 49=46,1,* 12@34,40- 4 1 092Q478 49-w3- 124=9%~ 4 092Q479 LKm 49-47-r 124=37’lT 5 1 C 092P 4% LKll6 @92Q/lOE 49Y4,lY 124?32’4~ 3 2 092GilZW 49-33’53. 123Y9’5Y 092GNWCO2 GXG;iZE 49-3725~ 123%‘19- 1 092GNWO31 Do02 Won2w 49sst 4. 123Y3’14- 3 1 092GhWO52 092G/lZW 49+w4r 124w%- 3 2 C 092HNElX.5 Ll41 092H/lOW 4w354- 12r%‘lO- 1 1 092HNBl82 Ll40 092H/lSE 4TW’l8” 120’41’21’ 4 1 092HNWO62 Ll31 092HnlW 49-37x? **lw%* 4 2 L137 092rnE 4=1,14* 120=4’3- 4 2 F 0?72HSEl69 WZH/WW 49-28’48~ 120=28’2S 3 2 P 092HSWW9 ID33 C+?ZWE 45-11’57. 121-43’S* 4 2 P C?ZHSW@38 IJ382 @zHmE 4Y4.35. l21’42’3V 4 2 092HSWO89 lml 092HD4E 4-33. 121’42’V 4 2 092HSWl22 L132 09ZH,U3E 49-13’11. 121=5’3Y 3 W2HSWZ3 us4 W2H/U4W 49?3%~ lZY47’SY 4 2 P 092HSWl24 Luu w2m 49-1729. 121*45’0. 3 2 09ZHSWl31 092HmE 49-3x* 121=9?4- 092HSWl32 092H!06W 49=17-a- 121%5,SY 092INEoJl Lll6 W4o’ls 120’3’56 4 1 C U?2INEl@ Ll23 liTmn6w 5v46’42. 12@18’19- 4 2 P OYXNBl61 Ll20 D92In6w swwn 120%,19- 2 1 092INlZl73 Ll.22 o!wo9@ sv4vm 12tv43. 4 1 092INBl74 Ll17 092w9E w4z48. 12VYSV 4 2 092INEl75 Lll9 092Ul6W svs5’7.4~ 120?5’45~ 2 2 P 092INEI76 092”16B w.59w 12v=IO’55’ 2 092mmn 50=4934- 126%5Y?- 4 092INWU78 Ll44 092I/l4% 1lE w45’30. 121s 1’s 4 2 092INWO79 In93 092UllW 5u=43?1~ 121°19’5Y 4 1 092INW@%O L138 092ul1w Sv3v38” 121’17’1- 5 1 Lo86 092Ul3E x-49,4- 121-39’11’ 2 1 C 092INWO82 Ll45 u92Ul4E 50=4S4Y 121~12’u- 2 2 092INWO97 Lo90 092In2 50’43’6’ 121-41’48” 4 1 C92INWO98 Ul91 sv@‘3s 121=w51* 4 2 092INWOY9 In92 092Ul3E 5@52’Y 121-3,‘49- 4 2 092INwlca IJJ95 092Ul3E sO?s29- 121=33’3S 4 2 092INwlOl Lxa5 C92Wl3E 5a=59’lS 121’43’5V 4 oY21sFo98 L142 onm %?17?9- 126-41’19. 7 2 092ISEl44 LIS 092IiUZW 49Ysw 121’ l’42” 4 2 092ISEl45 L143 U92UQZE sv7’3s 12034’29. 4 1 092INEl22 092IlUW scP47?r 122%5’5r 4 P wzINEl23 L133 09ZVlSE so=S3’lT 122ww 1 092JNEl43 Ll34 092UlOE 50-43’21’ 122-ww 3 1 mKCO1 SV28’lU- 124-22’26~ 4 092KCO2 Lc65 092K/om %=17%- 124Yl’lY 3 3 P 092K GO3 092Kmw SO-lYz- 12.4~51’53” 092K@34 It66 092KD3E 5OY0’3.4” lZYlO2O. 4 1 092KC@3 LD42 092K/O3B 50=8%* n.wr27” 5 2 092K 032 092Kll2W 5r43v 125~50’13* 4 092K 13.5 Lt.53 092KlO6W 5a=2?4S lz5°17w 4 2 092LO44 um 092IJO6W 50-21’20. 127Yvr 3 2 A 09ZL 109 Ln23 092IJo7w .wzA,sr 126v8’2V 3 1 A 092L 151 Ln21 092IMs,06,11 50=2r33- 127-31’8’ 3 2 P 092L 152 IN3 092UlOE w33’SY 126-3054” 4 2 092L 186 Lo25 092IAmv SO%‘lO- 126Y,‘l6* 3 1 A 092L 187 LO49 092Lm3w xT9’23~ 127V3’56 2 1 092L214 DC01 092IJX?W Sv2’W 126~47w 3 3 092L 267 I.026 G92IJl2W 5Y3713- 127Y-6’3’ 3 2 092L 2i9 In27 092Inow SU?l’fJ. 126~5~w 3 1 Q 092L280 LmA 092m 5u-24’4. 126%8’51. 3 1 A 092L 282 Lo28 092I,llE Sv33,25~ 127-3’4# 2 1 P 092L 283 LB44 @32UllE w332” 127%‘4S 5 1 P c92L 2a4 092L,lJ6W 50-.?6’20- 127-23’4s 5 3 P 092Lm Lo29 092UlZE So%‘E~ 127=X3,6” 4 2 092LZfJ C92lJl2E 5ciT?sw 127=32v 4 1

140 Geofo&l Swwy Bmnch 092L287 LO31 o?zulzE xP4l’SV lrF39xf * 092L 293 L522 om4t.w 3073w 127qsr 2 1 c 092L339 l.523 x-23-47. 127-47’47 3 1 A 092Mm Lm9 Et.i?s 31729. 127v46. 1 2 P W2M 011 Las4 C%?Mll2E 3F3Yl8- 127%?‘lT 2 1 092MIl3w w46’%- 127-a%- 3 1 P m2M 013 m2Mn3w 51=56’1* 127Y2%. 2 2 P 092M 014 OXXWlOW 51-39’49. 126-53’47. 1 092M 016 a?M/llW SlYOYS~ 127%‘S3~ 1 1 0920078 0920n5w, 14E Sr32’xr 1225s21- 4 0920079 092Otl6 Sl-SYY 122%?4’ 092PO79 SV4’3r 121-38x- 2 P 092P 142 092PKnW 51-/‘l.s 121-51’31’ 1 092PlXl C92Pt04E 517’47 121’41’9. 1 P 092P 171 WnPFnW 51~4’52- 121’49’7 1 093A 144 093tvl4w 12lq6’52- 093A 143 093Ajl4E 121-3’39. 093A 146 093An6w, ww 1207Y4Y 093Bo40 093BMlW u2%24~ 4 093DQX7 093DmW 32=ll’lT 127=3853- 1 1 P 093F 042 093Fm1,93G/4 33%l3.S 124V-7 4 093om 093Gn3 3m9,u- 123-44,49- 1 A 093GO32 1237~11~ 1 C 093GO42 Ll48 w3on3w 1BU 2 P 093n017 Ll65 093Hnow 1mw 1 P 093HmIl Ll68 093H/l3E 121=41X- 1 m3HO30 m3Hn3w 12158’4T 093HC66 093HJ33E 121x54~ 093H 067 093HJJ3W. U4E l21-26’11” 4 m3HC.38 omm2w;o7w 53=LVl6- 120=3356- w3Ho69 093H/l3E 33=5624~ 121-38’42- m3HO73 Lx6 093H/l2E s-4740- 121’41’38’ 1 P m31 cG6 L167 093KUW 54-3’43. 121-33’21’ 1 P 093 ol.5 Ll73 m3VlOE 122=42?6- 1 P 093,016 ozJn3w 122%8?r 5 P 093.J017 L174 093J/lOE ,223754~ 2 093lo19 L169 093mOE 122-31’44- 2 P 093Jo2s O!XUiUlW s4-33’39. 122YnY 1 c 093K 022 LlO3 093KN9W 34-37’30- 12474’37 2 093lco23 LlOl 093m s47s’3u 124-19’27. 1 P 093KO51 Lo99 093K/WiE 124-s53- 2 m3KO.57 093KllOE 12#33?.5- C93KU35 LB8 093mE 124-751* 4 1 P 093K 092 Llcm 093Kltxw 124~1~47- 4 1 P ce3L 3c6 L129 093lJ16w 17,5%20- 2 * 093L307 093l,Q9E 126~12’54” 2 A 093L3m L147 093lJl6E 126~17’18” 2 A 093N 186 LlO2 093NPX 123?.SS4- 7 1 093N 187 LlO3 093N,t.E, 1lE 125-21’lS 7 1 093N 198 LlU4 093NllIW lz5%37- 3 1 093N 199 LlM 093NlllW 125-28’1~ 4 1 0930 017 @xwl7w wn?.s 122-45’1~5 5 0930 01* 093onoF, 07E 55-30’5~ 122=3730- 6 5 0930 cl19 093O/lOE x5-31’14” 122-32x- 6 5 0930 024 mon4E 123-12’3. 0930 039 Ll% 093Ofl3E 123~11’5~ 7 1 P 0930040 093DFjZW 122-54?8* 2 A v?3P 533 121-32’42’ 1 1 093P 023 093PAnW 12l%‘Y 7 1 P 094CW5 094CJI3E 12YS’%- 4 1 094CU36 m4UllE l25YOx~ 3 1 094c u37 094cmE, 1lW lZY30’1* 7 2 W4CW8 094u12w 125-43’lY 4 2 094CU39 094UllE 3-5-37’16” 123~4’43- 4 1 094K U37 c64K/l2E 3r43%- 12Y~%- 1 * A 103A ml 103A/llE Sr41’16- 129-2’33” 1 1 P 1rnA @x immw 52-24’12- l~‘43. 103A OU7 103A/l3E 5254’8. 128-31’2T 1 1 P 103B 059 lrnBm3E SP6v 13lYxr 4

open File 1992-18 141 British Columbia

~03Bc60 Lms 103B,l3E sr4s40. 131ww 4 1 103B 061 LM6 103B/l3E 5254’30. 131??#w 4 1 103F 038 Ln47 103FiUlE 53?4S 13r1’4r 3 2 ,03FO39 Lm8 103FfUlE 53Y0’2r 132YlO- 4 103FO40 103F’iUlE 53s4’2v 132-nO. 103G a?7 Lm7 103F/l, 103G/4 53-2,lT 132.-uOz- 103G 010 103G/l5E 53-53’40. 13lP39XT 1 103G 014 103G,l6E 530595!r 1w14v 1 2 103G 017 53-37Yo. 13529X- *03G 046 INS 103GiQ9 53%‘2T 1ww33- 1 103H 038 ulm 103Hm5w 53%?31* 12V58%V 1 2 103H 039 IJm 103HjlInv 53-23-59. 129%‘3- 1 1 lO3H r359 lO3Hm2E .5mo38- ,2mo58- lO3H ,X0 103Hm3w 53=s’o- lwl6’3@- 1 103H C41 103Hb34E 53* 1%. 12v37’3v 103” 052 Lnn 103Hm5w 53%‘4O- 129V8V 1 103H 0.53 LB74 103mlE ST629. 128x23- 4 103H 073 Lo69 *03Ha3w 53’52’49. 129-59’46. 3 1 1031 CT39 Ll26 103wW wLs31” 128zx43~ 3 2 P 103~010 103lKnW 54=2.ss* 12SYO?U- 103,113 L127 imwns 547Aw 128-3YlE- 1 2 1031165 LlZ 103Lww 54-3w4Y 128-X18- * 1 P 1031197 Ll28 s4=2ar54- 12fPl2’9- 1 103119a 103uO8w 54=26,4* 128-18’57 1031199 103w8w 54%‘12- 12b-X36- 1 lO312sm 103lm9w 54-31’33. 128-25’3~ 1 2 1031201 immzw 54~43’0- 129-45’w 1031223 103lm7B 54-2735” 12r4l’Y 7 103J On1 103Vl6W 54*472v 130-23V lOIlOO2 103J/lOE 54~4Z5~ 136-33,lU- 103J co3 1o3Jll0w 54=36’2u lw52’lV 103.J cm 103l/Q9W w343v 13CP203V 103.J 011 L576 54*15%- 13w21’4cr 3 103J 012 la78 10?Jfl1E wlo’lO- 1w12wr 1 1 P 103lo25 103J/ulW 54TW 1w16rr 1 103lcm 1OwO1w z”v4Yr 130-21’0- 1 103JO32 UT79 103JfllE 54-325~ 13Tl5’l3. 3 2 103Jo34 103JfllE 54W’W 13G-5’0. 1o.u 036 10wJ9w 54-3YZO- 13O%SlU- 103J 037 54TYW lW~20. 7 103J 03a 103JhW 54-26,40- 130=45’10- 7 103.J 039 103JiO8w SVlYlS lXP29,10- 7 103l MO 103Jitmw 54ol*‘w 1=7V 3 1030 017 LG72 1030,@8E 557x29. 13D-2,30- 3 1 P llxi 102 Ll30 1@4G/O3,04,05 SPlOV 131=20’ 0” 3 104G 104 104Gfll. 02.07 sl=322” 13GY!3,30- 104G 105 104Gll3b 5P56’0. 131-37,4s lD4G lC6 104G/lSE 57=57’11- 13G-41’4r l@,H 018 104Hn3w v5w31* 129%8’5* 1@4H 019 lSwl3W YPS9’3-r 1w45Tr 104H 023 lckwl3W 57?58,4r 129=49’2? 1041089 104m X-24’32” l29w’llY ,&I, 090 104VO9W. 1OE SEY?s46~ 128=26’12’ 1041091 104u12w 58=37w 129-5r7- 104J 039 l@tJ/O2,01,07 58x,4* 130=34’4* 104J @40 lC4JlO5W 58YY55” 13lYO,45” 1aJ 1241 laJ/@SE 58-26’53” lx?459- 104J 1342 Lllx 1@4JlO?$lO, 16 58voTr 130=35’20- 4 104J @45 Llll 104Jll3W 58v8,21* 13lYl’21* 4 IfflK C!69 104K/O8E 58YTS3. 132=8’3v 4 l&,KO70 lMWW, cm Sm8’58” 132-7x44” 4 104K 071 104K,l6W 58Y55W 132=23’T 1@4Kn4 SE”Sl’18” 133’16’0’ 4 lO4M 032 104MAnv s-579” 134’57’32” 104M 033 Llcm 104Mn6E 59=58’29- 134=S’T 4 104N 081 lC4N/l3W 59=59v 133~47w. 104N@32 104NflW 5m50. 132-26w l@tNO94 LlO7 lwN,V2,07, C# 59?1’0- 132%4’@- 4 l@lNO95 104NDSE 5YlY3Q- 133=3l’V 4

Gah&d Swey Bmnch 104NO96 Shaker 104N,l3W 5?=48,0- 133%w- 4 lMNO97 LllO T&in Lake 104N/l5,16W S~W3.5’ 1322.5’5~ 5 114P 0x5 Lnn IdmIlE 114PnoE 09w WWlY Kw3ov 2 I

Open file 1992-18 143 British Columbia

144 Geological Swwy Bmmb LETING OF DOLOMITE OCCURRENCES IN MINFJLE BY MINFILE NUMBER (as of Februq, 1991)

hformation on the occurrences listed below can be. obtained from the MINPILE Subsection of the Ge&gical Survey Branch [#201,553 Superior St. Victoria, B.C. (604) 35&2826]. me Mugs Mow cau be obtained elec&onically from MfNPILE in the form of a DBASE 3 PLUS fde titkd DOLOhIlTE.DBP.

Column C - Cohu Index : l=whik. 2 = wbitetoligbtgrey 3 = White gmdiug to medium grey to black or bhisb grey 4 = Grey or bluish gray 5 = Grey to black 6 = black 7 = Buff, brown or buft?lxowniah grey Column S-Composition Index (for occurrences with published sample data or reserve estimates)

1 = Hi& purity dolomite [at least 20% MS0 (41.8% hi&Oz)] 2 = High magnesium dolomite [at least 18% MS0 (37.7% MgCO3)] 3 = Liiy dolomite [lO-18% MS0 Q&9-37.7% M&03)]

Columu P - Pmductiou Statas: C indicates cureat production (as of 1990) P indicates past production

Mw?mJ? NO. MAP NO. NAMB NTS alEEr LmnTJLm U3NGIT”DE C s P ixx!.sFm6 D-J,* cs2Emw 49.1w 118~2252- I * P ca2B3E200 Do10 U32E52W 49.1*13- 11g~57v I 2 m2l?sE227 cEc2EmE 49.2’47. 11g*41,47 2 P cu2Friem3 Dae CbQF/lOW 49*3gw 116.49’47. 3 1 OS2mEll3 m %ZF/lOW 4941’33. 1164EW 1 1 C urn CB2F,U3W 49*ow 117.17w * 082CiSWO32 Do2u 49*2#49- 1L5w13. 7 P 032Jswo23 DO14 sO,l92r m*49xr 4 * ClSZlSWW31 DO19 50 lg’4s x5*46-4s 4 1 cQ32lswO32 DQl7 so*m4~ 1l5*49w 4 I ctt2Jswo33 DO13 4 1 ~2KNFB77 Do16 7 I os2KNExm Dol.5 4 1 a32- 082Km 09,l5 4 3 C&XNFJMl Do12 O%?UlOI? 2 C472M2.54 Do37 U32hVlOE I 1 Q72N 0% DOlS llmwmv as2Nm5 C%?NPXW f333DO31 CS3DUE cmFcas Loo2 092FD9E 092GNW331 Dar2 092Gn2w 3 2 cmclNwos4 Da33 092G,l2W 3 2 092mwo98 LB1 092uEE 4 3 092INwlOl Llm 092Vl3E s I 092K 136 La63 mK/vjw 1 0 w2L l31 L&71 o92ua5,06,11 2 692L214 Wl VZM2W 3 3 092Maa LM9 C@ZhVXE 1 2 P

Open File 1992-B 14s 093HC.S Iltml Ridge 093H,V3E 33.7% 121*m4* 093H 067 Cunni@xun Pas 093HiU3W, 04E 53*4%0- 121*26w 7 093H CuS Isaac bke 093H/v2w,mw 53~LmY wlk5.s~ o%u o** McL.xd Lake o!m/lsE s4kr 122*4sv- 094BO2ll HalfwayRiver 094Bm, 04, OS 56kY4r 123°33f41- 4 094KUiX MacDonald Creek 094KllO %-3scf 124*42&r 4 lO3H 038 IB7U Iime.mxx Buy 103HMw 33.x*31- 129*58W 1 1 103H 039 Lml Banks I. (La 2224) 103Hmsw 53*23w m*sw 1 1 103H LX2 L577 Banks I. (Lm 7Y7) lO3ElmW 53~lsw 129*4W 1 lu3.lO33 Em4 clmon lOWIlE s4~sw 13O*SCl- 1

146 Gmlo&d Sm9 Bmuh APPENDIX 2: LISTING OF LIMESTONE tk DOLOMITE OCCURRENCES IN THIS REPORT BY MAP NUMBER

Column C - Colour Index 1=white 2 = white to tight gmy 3 = White grading to mdium grey to black or bluish gxy 4 = Grey cc bluish grey 5 = Grey to black 6 = Black 7 = Buff, brown or buff/brownish @ey

Column S-Composition Index (for ~CZWRXJ~.Swith published sample data or reserve estimates) 1 = High-calcium [at least 95% CaCO3 (53.2% CaO), up to 2% MgCO3 (O.%% MgO)] 2 = Calcium [at least 75% CaCO3 (420% CaO), less than 10% MgCO3 (4.79% MgO)] 3 = Magnesium [lC-Ul% MgCO3 (4.79-19.5% MgO)] 4 = Dolomitic (dolostone) [40-4X72% MgCO3 (19.S21.86% MgO)] 5 = Impure (argillaceous/siliceous) [less than 75% CaCO3 (42.0% CaO)]

Column P - Production Status: c idicates cweat pKl&Ktion (as of 19!xl)~ P indicates past production. A indicates active prospect in 1988 or 1989. MAP PIG. NAMB hT.9 smmr IATtTUDE LoNaT”DB c s P call 092tJWZW 5o-z’W 126047’10. 3 3 lxm 092GllZW 49-36’4. 123?3’14* 3 3 Lx03 092G,lZW 49?uvw ,23w.T4* 3 4 DOI4 103JiUlE 543’3cr 13VS’O- 4 Da35 092Ul3E SUY.YlS~ 121*4359- 5 4 Da% @8ZF/lOW 4T41’33” 116v8’6* 1 4 c Dw7 ctl2hulOB 51-39’27 118-x553- I 4 DO@3 CSZF,lOW 4!738’0- 116-49’47 3 4 D&i9 082G02E 49-2*47- 116-41’47 2 P Dal0 ce2I502w 49-1’13. 116-57YT 1 4 C D+ll r&x!nlW 49=l’W lw22’sr 1 4 P Don U32IJlOE scf36’3-r m-38’5” 2 DO13 &?VU4W w3’11” 1lY45’55~ 4 4 rm*4 u32lm5w w19?.8- 1w495r 4 4 DO15 082KiWE 5GTY23* l16=O’13n 4 4 DO16 @32K,l6W 5055’8- 116-22’32’ 7 4 DO17 u32lm5w X1-18%- lw49’44- 4 4 DO18 CSZNP37W w1723- 116Y0’20. 4 4 P DO19 082lD5w 30’18’45” ~115-46-45” 4 4 Do20 CQ32G,IXW 4=4!? llY29,13~ 7 3 P Lm, 092Fm7w 49xw 4 Lco2 O!ZF,KBE 49=31’0- uQ3 092BllZE 48’41’16. Lm4 092cJl6E 48TO’ll~ 2 2 LDl5 o92B/nE 48vo35” 4 I P LKQ6 092B/12B 489935” 4 2 Lml7 092F,lZE 49=39’13. 4 2

Op File 1992-N 147 Btitish Cobmbia

Lo% 092FllOE 49=43-Y 1243S46~ 5 1 c LLm C%?FllOE 4!?42’30- 124=31’44’ 1 1 c IdO9 0?2Fll5E 49=47w 124=37’17 5 1 c LOlO 092F/lOI$lSE 49-452. 124=31’41- 5 1 P LDll 092Fll5E 4w6Y 124-w3r 6 1 P LlX.2 OY2FllOE 49w’28- 124=31’3Y 3 1 C Ial3 o92FnoE 4Y4Y53. lw31’14- 5 1 LO14 092F,W9W 45-36xs lzA71’55* 4 2 Lo,5 CU2Fll5E 49=48’5. 124%‘16- 5 1 P LO16 C92F/lOE 4w4’13. 124-32’4r 3 2 ull7 092F/l5E 49-45x5- 124-33’53. 5 2 P LO18 092F/l5E 4!?46’13. 12424’40. 4 1 Lo19 WY2F/l5E 49=47x- 124=3SlS 3 2 P Lam C?X?F~lOE 49=44,24” 124-33-20. 5 2 P Ln21 092m, 0611 5G-2733. 127-31r 3 1 P Lo22 ommw 5o-23-0. 127=lsr 2 1 C ID23 092uQ7w 5UY4’52’ 126wrw 3 1 A Lo24 cmwnv 5ow4. 12b%8,51~ 3 1 A LJm 092Lmw 5CPZYlO- 12aY57’16’ 3 1 A UT26 092ul2w 5lY3713. 127=56’3- 3 2 ID27 092ulow 5JY31’0- 126-53’30. 3 1 P Ix!8 092IAlE 5w3325~ 127-3@40- 2 1 P lm.9 CfZlJl2E 5crwr 127=33’6- 4 2 xJl30 09ZEX5F, 1OE 49-45’0. 12dww 2 1 P LJz31 rmul2E 5u=41’59- *27-39x* 1 Lm2 092Ul5W 48~57%. 124-51’10- 4 1 Ln33 092FD3W. ME 49-3’46. lw28’53~ 3 1 Lmi 092B/lZE 48?35’12- 123-31z- 4 1 P Ln35 092Fm3E 49-2rs 1ww57 3 2 P In% 092-B 48-41’23” 124Y4V 5 1 LO37 092CA6W 48-45’51’ 124w31. 5 1 us3 OYX,l6W 48w1r 124-2w38- 5 1 Lo39 092FiU4E 49=3’17- Lw3.5’24~ 4 1 LOW w2B/llW 48%5x 123%‘19- 5 1 P Ul 49w4- 124Y8,11- 4 Lo42 092KAl3E 5r8’25- 12Y12,27- 5 2 Ln43 09ZUlOE 50-33Y5* 126-30?4~ 4 2 LL?44 092UllE x-332. 1278’45. 5 1 P ml5 103B/l3E 52’45’40. 131-34’20. 4 1 L&n6 103B/l3E 52w’3r 131-36,w 4 1 Ln47 103FDlE 53-,?*45 132’1’47 3 2 Ia47 103F/l, 103G/4 53-2,17- 132=0,‘25- Lo48 103F,OlE 53w2w 13P5’10. 4 LKn9 092uu3w 50-9w 127-18’56’ 2 I LO50 123-272!r 3 1 P LO51 092WE 48%‘55. 123-30X- 2 P lL452 092BfO6W 48-2638” 123-28%- 4 1 P Ln53 092BllZE 48-31*14- 123=34’27” 3 1 Lo54 092B/l2B 48-32’42. 123=36,31- 3 1 P Ins5 092BD5W 48~713. 123-27%- 4 2 P LJl56 092cJ10w 48-41’24. Lw47’57 4 L.057 cmu10w 48-41*49- 124nw49- 1 1 La8 093DiwW 52-11w 12758’55’ 1 1 P L.059 092MPXE 51=22’V 127=8’46” 1 2 P IJl@l 09zhul3W 51%5’56- 127-51%5- 3 1 P Lt.51 Ov2w13w 51%1” 127-52’25” 2 2 P lx62 U92FiO9E 49-44%. 124-9‘W 1 1 P LJm3 092KK6W 50=27’16- lzY,~59- 4 2 Lim.4 092M02E 51-39’18. 127-32Yr 2 1 Lo55 092Kionv 5G-1711. 124YlV 3 3 P lM6 5uw34~ lzYlO?r 4 * In57 092hullW 51ws55- 12ml’53* 1 1 lJX8 103A/llE 5P41’16. 12!?2’55- 1 1 P IJ69 103H/l3W 53’52’49. 129-59’46. 3 1 uvo 103Hn5W 53-26,31- 129=58x* 1 2 Ln71 103Hlw.W 53-23#59- 129?5’3- 1 1 JJ72 103OlOSE 55-2~3’29. 13u=z,30. 3 1 P 114P/lOB, 09w 55YwlV 13Y3o’r 2 1 Lm4 103H,VlE 530 6rw 12S=l2%” 4

148 GeologicalSwwyBmmh w73 103om9 1wlY33- 1 L576 103Jmw lwzl’w 3 um 103Hmsw 129-48.9. 1 LKG8 13OY2-10- 1 1 P Lo79 mmit3 130%‘~ 3 2 LIB0 103A/L5E 128-31’27 1 1 P Lcal 092Hmm 121’42“T 4 2 UC32 092HmE 121*42X- 4 2 UT33 onHM4E 121-43’S- 4 2 P L5s.l 092HNW 121’47’55- 4 2 P Le.85 092Hm5 121-4S’V 3 2 Lm6 092Ul3E 121ww 2 1 C LLs7 092PrJ4W 121°49’7 3 1 Lma 12151’31- 3 1 U@9 092Fm4E 121’4l’T 3 1 P lB5Q own2 121’41’4fJ- 4 1 LIB1 @?2ul2@ 121-33’51* 4 2 LJ39-2 @?2VI3E 121%‘49- 4 2 Lo93 c5wllW 12Yl95Y 4 1 lK6w OZPAI4E 121-38’lY 4 2 P Ill95 092Ul3E 121%33- 4 2 LO% 093WMW 1w17Yr 5 1 C Ln97 wuin3 Lw44’49- 3 1 A Ul98 093KftSE 124Tsr 4 1 P IJXX 124-553- 4 2 LIW 12@17’4T 4 1 P LlOl C93KPXW 124TY2r 4 1 P Lla2 093ND5 12SY5’54~ 7 1 LlO3 093N,WiE$llB 125+2l’ls- 7 1 LlO4 093N/llW 125-23,37- 3 1 Llo5 O!B&Q9W 124ww 3 2 Lx6 093Nnlw 1z%?s12- 4 1 LlO7 104NRE, 07,08 132?4’0- 4 LlO8 lw.ul6E 134=8T 4 LlO9 104JbX’. 10.16 1X-35%- 4 Ll,O 104NllS,l6W 1322.5’5~ 5 Llll 104wl3W 131%‘21- 4 L,l2 082LQ2W 118TY41* 4 2 Lll3 082M2W 11854’~ 2 2 Lll4 032liU6W 1ww33- 4 2 P Lll5 032Lo2E 118-30’33. 3 2 Ll16 092fASE 12iT3’56~ 4 1 C Lll7 12OTSO- 4 2 Lll8 a82Lmsw lw49’23” 1 1 P Ll19 092Ul6W l?iJw,4Y 2 2 P Ll2-l 092Ul6W 120?6’lT 2 1 Ll21 082LMsB 119-41’5~ 4 2 Lx22 092f/Q9E 12G- 7’43’ 4 1 L123 092”,6W nu=1r19- 4 2 P Ll24 LX2lIUSE 119=40%- 6 5 LlZ5 103Lww 126-28’18* 1 1 P Ll26 lO3wmv 128=sY4T 3 2 P Ll27 103lm7E 12r39?r 1 2 Ll28 103LmE 128-1~ 9- 1 L129 093Ul6W 12.5~18’20. 2 * Ll3.3 mGu3,04,05 13l-mv 3 Ll31 092HnlW 4 2 P L132 C92m3E 121’5’3F 3 L133 092lllSE 122=34x- 1 Ll34 092UlOE 122%‘.%~ 3 1 Ll35 082IAXE llYw47 3 1 P L136 CB2lJ4,82EJl3 119-33’55~ 1 1 * L137 C92HFl8E 120%‘3- 4 2 P Ll38 O?aI/llW 121Tr1- 5 1 L139 092fM2W 12l=I’42- 4 2 Ll40 092H/lSE 120’41’21’ 4 1 Ll41 092H/lOW 126-54’10- 1 1 L142 092mE 12r41w 7 2 L143 092f/W2E 12P34W 4 1

Open File 19?72-IS 149 British Columbia

Ll44 092I/l4E!, 1lE 5cP45’3O. 121*1’55- 4 2 Ll45 092l/l4E 5w45’4Y 121?2’cr 2 2 L146 mEm5w 45-17x* 119Yr51. 3 2 P L147 093Ul6E 54-49’0. 126~17?8- 2 ‘4 Ll48 093G/uw 5304Y4r 122-56@0- 4 2 P L149 094UllE 5637’16’ 125-4’45. 4 1 Ll5Jl 094UllE 56-41X- Lwlo’l5- 3 1 Ll51 094CAl3E 5-9 9’34. 125=S3.S 4 1 Ll52 O!alu12w 5.5-34,43* 125~45’lY 4 2 L153 094ul2,llW 5.5=3425- 125tw’l. 7 2 L154 CB2F,Q3E 49-4x. 117-14,2~ 1 2 C Ll55 cs2FiQ3w 49w6. 11,?655’ 3 2 P Ll56 @32F,U3W 49-4?39. *ln5’45- 3 1 L157 UX2FiU3W 49Y23. 117=l924* 4 2 Ll58 a32KMm 5oww 116’58’20. 3 2 P Ll59 C82kXJ2W 50740. 116-57’32. 3 2 P Ll60 082KJV2W 50-2’5’ 116-54’34’ 4 2 P L,61 o82Fmw 49u5’4w 116’51’30. 2 P Ll62 U32NmW 5r9’5. 1174Y42- 4 3 P Lb53 082M/lZE 51?35,4w 11~44,40- 2 1 P Ll64 082hU33W 51-2x9- 119-17’7 2 LX5 w3H/low 53ws4.5’ 120=54’W 4 1 P L&5 093H/l2E 53’42’4V 121-41’38. 3 1 P L167 093WW 5405’45. 121’53’21* 5 1 P L168 093w3E 5Y5Y47. 121’41’38- 6 1 Ll69 093J/lOE 54*43v 12.?31’44* 5 2 P urn B32F,G3W 4!ns56* llPl722” 3 1 P Ll71 wKll2w 5G-43’xf 117=57w 1 1 P Ll72 082F/lOW 49=37,13* 116’55’2~ 2 3 P L173 093lllOE 54-3736. 1242’16’ 5 1 P L174 m/lOE 54-3T4r 1223754~ 6 2 Ll75 C82Ffl3W, 04E 49?4v 11P.?s55* 2 2 L176 B32LVllW 4Y 8’5T 118-27w. 4 2 P Ll77 @32E#2E 49-3’8. lls=41’13~ 3 1 P L178 082F/lOW, lsv 49-w7- 116Y6’31’ 3 2 L179 @330/03l3 55wvr Lwll’57” 7 P Llsl 082w1e 4V4’18- 11~1z21- 3 ; P Ll81 C~72i?M8E 49-28’2. ,18’5’7- 3 2 P L182 OS2UllE 50-42’19. 11!?=12’2- 1 1 Ll83 wLn4w 50’52’47’ ll9=22?~ 4 2 L184 @92ullI? 50-3733. llY8’57- 5 2 L185 lx2IA4w 50-52’40. 11975’35~ 4 2 Ll86 082PMlW, 02E 4!%w- 118-292u. 5 2 P L187 CS2EiQ2E 49-r13- 118-42’4. 3 1 P LlB 49x,46* 11r43v 3 1 L189 49=7’19- 118?2’w 2 2 Ll!xJ 49-1’3cr 118’51’21’ 3 2 P Ll9u 49Y’ll’ 118-50?3- 4 1 Ll91 C82E!M2E 49=8,13- 1w3z44- 2 L192 CKSDKGW 52-rw 119=1~4u- 1 2 A L193 U32IM3E w14’37. 119=14z3~ 4 2 Ll94 094Kfl2E 58-43%. lXVO’56- 1 1 A Ll95 082GlC6W 49=24*w 115=25’1i” 4 3 Ll% U32G/ib5W 49=?.6Y 115w3. 7 1 Ll97 @32G,Q6W 4!?‘27’16* lwzs43” 7 1 P Ll9s ~2cbQ6W 49?637- 1uw4r 3 2 Ll99 093PP4W 55-99, 121=55’2- 7 1 P L2ou 093PD4W 55=834* 121?2’42. 7 1 *