Physiologist December 2002 Integrative Physiology and Organ Systems Research and the Reorganization of Study Sections at CSR
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A Publication of The American Physiological Society Integrating the Life Sciences from Molecule to Organism THE Volume 45, Number 6 Physiologist December 2002 Integrative Physiology and Organ Systems Research and the Reorganization of Study Sections at CSR Designing New Study Sections systems and, because of their relatively small numbers, would The Center for Scientific Review (CSR) at the National be best served by being clustered in a single IRG or study sec- Institutes of Health (NIH) is in the second phase of its reorga- tion. Sometimes this approach is reflected in the name of a new nization activities in accord with recommendations of its Panel IRG, such as Biology of Development and Aging, which includes on Scientific Boundaries for Review (PSBR). During this sec- the Aging Systems and Geriatrics Study Section. This proposed ond phase, CSR organizes Steering Committees composed of study section will review applications involving aging humans staff from CSR and the appropriate NIH Institutes to solicit or animals, particularly research on post-maturational changes, nominations of scientists from relevant communities and pro- which transcend single organ systems or disciplines and which fessional societies to participate on Study Section Boundaries may require integrated experimental, genetic or observational (SSB) Teams. Each SSB Team recommends guidelines for the approaches. Other times, clustering of cross-cutting fields study sections within one of the Integrated Review Groups occurs in a study section with a seemingly unrelated name, (IRGs) proposed in the PSBR report. such as the Xenobiotic and Nutrient Disposition and Action Study Section within the proposed Digestive Sciences IRG. Integrative Physiology and Organ Systems Research This proposed study section will review applications related to One of the hallmark conclusions of the PSBR report was that the disposition of nutrients and non-nutrient chemicals, includ- it “assigned high priority to the goal of reviewing applications ing xenobiotics such as pro-drugs and drugs, biopharmaceutical that apply to a given disease/organ system in the context of the agents, alcohol, phytochemicals/ botanicals and toxic sub- biological question being addressed because we believe that stances. Its scope may such a system results in the greatest net benefit.” This priority well extend beyond is reflected in the PSBR recommendation that CSR create four the digestive system. Inside this issue... new organ system IRGs: Pulmonary Sciences; Renal and Urological Sciences; Digestive Sciences; and Hematology. Four Opportunity for additional IRGs based on existing organ-centered IRGs were Public Comment APS Bylaw Changes proposed: Cardiovascular Sciences; Immunology; Endocrinolo- Between February p. 492 gy, Metabolism, Nutrition and Reproductive Sciences; and 2001 and November Musculoskeletal, Oral and Skin Sciences. The three neuro- 2002, CSR convened sciences IRGs will also continue in their current form. 15 of the planned 17 APS Launches Fund Raising Therefore, once the reorganization is complete, 11 of CSR’s SSB Team meetings. Campaign for the 2005 IUPS IRGs will have an organ-system orientation. The guidelines pro- Congress All the SSB Teams acknowledged the value of recognizing posed by each SSB p. 493 and clustering whole animal and human integrative physiology Team are posted on within specific study sections. Two examples of study sections CSR’s Web site APS Archive of Teaching proposed with this in mind are the Pregnancy, Neonatology and (http://www.csr.nih.gov/ Resources Lactation Study Section and the Skeletal Muscle and Exercise PSBRI/IRGComments. p. 498 Physiology Study Section. Parallel examples occur in other pro- htm) for a period of 90 posed IRGs as well, including the Clinical and Integrative days to allow comment Cardiovascular Sciences Study Section within the Cardiovas- by the scientific com- Animal Activists Indicted cular Sciences IRG, and the Pathobiology of Kidney Diseases munity. p. 508 Study Section within the Renal and Urological Sciences IRG. These are but some examples of the increased emphasis on Resolution of APS Congratulates Lasker Award organ system physiology and the importance of integrative Shared Interests Winner Willem J. Kolff physiology in peer review at CSR in the reorganization. NIH staff will con- p. 525 At the same time, the SSB Teams recognized that some fields sider the proposed of integrative physiology research cut across multiple organ (continued on page 492) 489 Published bimonthly and distributed by THE The American Physiological Society 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20814-3991 PhysiologistVolume 45 Number 6 ISSN 0031-9376 December 2002 Barbara A. Horwitz President John E. Hall Past President Contents John A.Williams President-Elect Martin Frank Integrative Physiology and Organ Experimental Biology 2003 Editor and Executive Director Systems Research and the Distinguished Lectureships 502 Councillors Reorganization of Study Tentative Schedule of Sessions 504 Kim E. Barrett, Sections at CSR 489 Featured Topics 507 Douglas C. Eaton, Joseph R. Haywood, Steven C. Hebert,Virginia M. Miller, Charles M. Tipton A Matter of Opinion Public Affairs Ignore Lies About Animal Midterm Elections Cloud Ex Officio Research Appropriations Future 508 Dale J. Benos, Robert C. Speth 491 Animal Activists Indicted 508 Mordecai P.Blaustein, Robert G. Carroll, Animal Charities Get Poor Marks for Curt Sigmund, Celia D. Sladek APS News Stewardship 509 APS Bylaw Changes 492 Publications Committee: Chairman:Dale APS Launches Fund Raising Book Reviews 511 J. Benos; Members:Penelope A.Hansen, Campaign for the 2005 IUPS Mark A. Knepper, Richard A. Murphy, Hershel Raff. Director of Publications: Congress 493 Positions Available 515 Margaret Reich. Design and Copy Editor: Joelle R. Grossnickle. Publications News From Senior Subscriptions: Distributed to members as The HighWire Library of the Sciences Physiologists 522 part of their membership. Nonmembers in and Medicine: Search and Track the USA: individuals $50.00; institutions $75.00. Nonmembers in Canada and Your Favorite Journals 494 People & Places 524 Mexico: individuals $55.00; institutions Robillard Appointed $80.00. Nonmembers elsewhere: individu- Membership as New Dean 524 als $60.00; institutions $85.00.Single copies and back issues when available, $15.00 New Regular Members 496 M. Ian Phillips Receives each; single copies and back issues of New Student Members 497 Frank Annunzio Award 524 Abstracts issues when available, $25.00. New Affiliate Members 497 APS Congratulates Lasker Award Subscribers to The Physiologist also receive Winner Willem J. Kolff 525 abstracts of the Conferences of the American Physiological Society. Education The American Physiological Society APS Archive of Teaching Announcements assumes no responsibility for the state- Resources 498 31st Annual Pediatric ments and opinions advanced by contribu- Career Opportunities in Physiology Trends Course 527 tors to The Physiologist. Symposium: “The Drug Discovery International Course on Deadline for submission of material for Process: Opportunities for Laboratory Animal Science 527 publication: Jan. 10, February issue; March Physiologists 498 Albert Lasker Medical Research 10, April issue; May 10, June issue; July 10, August issue; Sept. 10, October issue; Nov. APS/NIDDK Minority Travel Awards 528 10, December issue. Fellows Attend Conferences 499 Scientific Meetings Please notify the central office as soon as Porter Physiology Fellowships 500 possible if you change your address or and Congresses 530 Women in Physiology and telephone number. Pharmacology Symposium: Headquarters phone: 301-634-7164 APS Membership “Presentation Skills” 501 Fax: 301-634-7242 Application 531 Email: [email protected] http://www.the-aps.org Printed in the USA 490 The Physiologist A Matter of Opinion Vol. 45, No. 6, 2002 Ignore Lies About Animal Research APS Member Robert Speth is to be what might be one of the most famous site: http://www.fda.gov/opacom/back- commended for effectively demolishing experiments ever done, Sir Howard grounders/miles.html some of the animal activists’ most Florey in 1940 used eight mice to This should also serve as a timely closely-held misrepresentations about demonstrate that penicillin cured reminder of the need to properly store animal research through the use of his- streptococcal infections. This Nobel and dispose of antifreeze, because cats torical facts. Speth responded to a let- prize-winning discovery led to the use and dogs will seek out this sweet-tast- ter written by a retired science teacher of penicillin in World War II saving the ing lethal substance. that was published in The Columbian, lives of countless soldiers. For more The animal rights movement often the newspaper published in Vancouver, information, see: http://naiaonline.org/ compares the use of animals by humans WA. Speth’s response is reprinted body/articles/archives/inhumn.htm to slavery, analogizing their efforts to below. Just as Speth has responded to Regarding Charles Mayo, who the civil rights movement. But there is the misrepresentations of an animal retired from his medical practice in a stark contrast. Martin Luther King activist, physiologists should willingly 1919, he specified that earnings of the did not have to lie to gain support for step forward and meet similar chal- Mayo Clinic be used for medical edu- his movement. Dr. King did not use lenges raised in their communities. cation and research. Today part of the violence and terror