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Demodex Sp., Myobia Musculi E Myocoptes Musculinus Em Camundongo Mus

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Demodex Sp., Myobia Musculi E Myocoptes Musculinus Em Camundongo Mus ISSN: 2238-9970 Arquivos de Pesquisa Animal, v.1, n.1, p.1 - 8, 2017 Demodex sp., Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus em camundongo Mus musculus Demodex sp., Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus in mice Mus musculus Josivania S. Pereira1*, Zuliete Aliona A. de Souza Fonseca2, Kaliane Alessandra R. de Paiva3, Iris da S. Marques4, Sílvia Maria M. Ahid2 Resumo potássio a 10%, parasitismo pelos A espécie Mus musculus (Linnaeus, ácaros: Myocoptes musculinus, Myobia 1758), é utilizada em pesquisas musculi e Demodex sp. Todos os laboratoriais e quando usado como ectoparasitos foram observados em modelo experimental pode ser diferentes estágios de vida. A acometido por ectoparasitos. Objetivou- severidade das lesões e o prurido se relatar a infestação múltipla por intenso observados sugerem associação ácaros em M. musculus. Em um ao número elevado das três espécies de espécime de M. musculus, realizou-se ácaros. Registra-se a infestação múltipla exames parasitológicos no Laboratório em M. musculus por M. musculinus, M. de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade musculi e Demodex sp. no estado do Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA). Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Este Durante inspeção corpórea, foram achado reforça dados da literatura sobre identificadas lesões no pescoço e M. musculinus ser um ácaro espécie- cabeça, bem como prurido intenso. específica que acomete camundongos Através de raspados cutâneos em áreas de laboratórios no Brasil. corpóreas distintas, identificou-se após clareamento em solução de hidróxido de 1-Docente adjunta do Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde(CCBS) da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi- Árido (UFERSA); 2- Médica Veterinária; 3- Doutoranda do Programa de PósGraduação em Ciência Animal da UFERSA; 4-Discente do curso de graduação em Medicina Veterinária da UFERSA. * [email protected] Demodex sp., Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus em camundongo Mus musculus Palavras-chave: Ácaro; Animais de with the high number of the three species laboratório; Listrophoridae; Raspado of mites. Multiple infestation is recorded cutâneo. in M. musculus by M. musculinus, M. Abstract musculi and Demodex sp. in the state of Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) is used Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. This finding in laboratory research and when used as reinforces data from the literature on M. an experimental model it can be affected musculinus being a species-specific mite by ectoparasites. This study aimed to that attacks laboratory mice in Brazil. report multiple infestation by mites in M. Key words: Laboratory animals; musculus. In a specimen of M. musculus, Listrophoridae; Mite; skin scraping parasitological examinations were performed at the Animal Parasitology INTRODUÇÃO Laboratory of the Universidade Federal Na ordem Rodentia muitos animais são Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA). During usados em pesquisas científicas, body inspection, neck and head injuries consequente a sua abundância, relativa were identified, as well as severe pruritus. facilidade de manipulação, manutenção, Through cutaneous scrapings in distinct pequeno tamanho e alta capacidade body areas, it was identified after reprodutiva. Dentre as várias espécies de bleaching in 10% potassium hydroxide roedores usadas em laboratório, destaca- solution, parasitism by the mites: se o camundongo, Mus musculus Myocoptes musculinus, Myobia musculi (Linnaeus, 1758) como sendo um dos and Demodex sp. All ectoparasites were organismos mais usados em observed at different stages of life. The experimentação animal (SANTOS, 2002; severity of the lesions and intense GRESSLER et al., 2010; OLIVEIRA et al., pruritus observed suggest association 2012). 2 Arquivos de Pesquisa Animal, v.1, n.1, p.1 - 8, 2017 Pereira et al., Estes pequenos roedores podem ser linfocitopenia e hipertrofia, além de hospedeiros de quatro grupos de prurido intenso e lesões de pele. São artrópodes conhecidos como transmitidos principalmente por contato ectoparasitos, sendo estes os piolhos, direto (LALLON, 1996; GRESSLER et al., pulgas, carrapatos e ácaros. Alguns 2010; SAHINDURAN et al., 2010; destes podem transferir biologicamente BICALHO, 2011). Objetivou-se relatar a ou mecanicamente agentes infecciosos, infestação múltipla em M. musculus por alem de constituir irritantes pragas a Acari Listrophoridae, Miobidae e humanos e animais, fato que justifica a Demodecidae em condições laboratoriais importância dos mesmos na saúde no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. pública e também médico-veterinária (LINARDI et al., 1985; DURDEN & MATERIAL E MÉTODOS PAGE, 1991; SOLIMAN et al., 2001; Um espécime de M. musculus, macho, MAHIDA, 2003; PAKDAD et al., 2012; mantido sob condições experimentais SOLANKI et al., 2013). conforme Comissão de Ética no Uso de Em condições laboratoriais, M. musculus, Animais/UFERSA (Nº pode ser acometido por vários ácaros, 23091.005376/2013-67), foi enviado ao dentre eles Myocoptes musculinus; Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal Myobia Musculi; Demodex sp.; Radfordia (LPA) para realização de raspado affinis e Radfordia ensifera. Destas cutâneo e inspeção corpórea descrito por espécies citadas, as duas primeiras são PEREIRA et al. (2012). as principais responsáveis pelo Após obtenção das amostras biológicas desencadeamento, nestes animais, de através de raspados cutâneos nas áreas efeitos deletérios à saúde, como corpóreas da cabeça e pescoço, realizou- linfadenopatia, hypergamaglobulinemia, se clareamento em solução de hidróxido 3 Arquivos de Pesquisa Animal, v.1, n.1, p.32 - 54, 2017 Demodex sp., Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus em camundongo Mus musculus de potássio a 10%, por uma hora. A modificadas em um órgão de fixação identificação dos ectoparasitos foi feita (Fig. 2). utilizando-se chaves taxonômicas Segundo WOOD (2013) os ácaros M. (WHITAKER, 1982; GUIMARÃES et al., musculinus infestam a metade caudal do 2001), auxiliada por estereomicroscopia e corpo dos camundongos, mas também microscopia óptica de luz. pode ser encontrado na cabeça e pescoço do seu hospedeiro. Fato este RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES corrobora com a presente pesquisa, uma Identificou-se em M. musculus adulto, vez que os raspados cutâneos foram parasitismo múltiplo pelos ácaros M. somente realizados nas duas últimas musculinus, M. musculi e Demodex sp. áreas corpóreas citadas (Fig.2). (Fig. 1). Infestação mista por ácaros em Já M. musculi apresenta perna I e perna M. musculus foi igualmente verificada por II com uma única garra tarsal (Fig. 3). GRESSLER et al. (2010) no Rio Grande Apesar de RICE et al. (2013) afirmarem do Sul; por BICALHO (2011) em Minas que a alta infestação por M. musculinus e Gerais e SANTOS et al. (2006) na M. musculi está associada a murídeos Paraíba. Sugere-se que a severidade das jovens e nas semanas iniciais de vida, no lesões e o prurido intenso registrados na presente trabalho observou-se um alto presente pesquisa sejam decorrentes do parasitismo num camundongo adulto de parasitismo múltiplo pelos três ácaros 24 semanas. encontrados em número elevado. Quanto Demodex sp. o mesmo foi Na presente pesquisa, M. musculinus foi classificado por apresentar aspecto identificado por apresentar pernas I e II vermiforme e opistossoma anulado (Fig. com pretarsos curtos e pendiculados em 4). forma de orelha e pernas III e IV 4 Arquivos de Pesquisa Animal, v.1, n.1, p.1 - 8, 2017 Pereira et al., A B C 100µm 100µm 100µm Figura 1. Raspado de pele obtido de camundongo (Mus musculus). A- Myocoptes musculinus (objetiva 10X); B- Myobia musculi (objetiva 20X); C- Demodex sp. (objetiva 20X). Barra=100µm. A B 100µm 100µm Figura 2. Raspado de pele obtido de camundongo (Mus musculus). Myocoptes musculinus (objetiva 40X): A- Perna I com pretarso pendiculado. B- Perna III e IV modificada. Barra=100µm. A B 100µm 100µm Figura 3. Raspado de pele obtido de camundongo (Mus musculus). Myobia Musculi. A- Perna I (objetiva 40X); B- Perna II com garra tarsal em destaque (objetiva 20X). Barra=100µm. 100µm Figura 4. Raspado de pele obtido de camundongo (Mus musculus). Demodex sp. Opistossoma destacado (objetiva 40X). Barra=100µm. 5 Arquivos de Pesquisa Animal, v.1, n.1, p.32 - 54, 2017 Demodex sp., Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus em camundongo Mus musculus Sugere-se que a presença deste Grande do Norte, Brasil. Este achado Demodecidae nas amostras biológicas reforça dados na literatura sobre o pode estar associada a condições de potencial patogênico desses ácaros, estresse e manejo durante os cuja infestação pode proporcionar desde procedimentos de experimentação que quadros assintomáticos (Radfordia sp.) os animais foram submetidos (projeto- ou brandos (M. musculinus), até severos UFERSA Nº 23091.005376/2013-67), ou (M. musculis). até mesmo pela aquisição de animais com demodicose provenientes de outros REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS Centros de pesquisa. Fato este, chama BICALHO, K.A. Condições higiênico- atenção para investigação da origem da sanitárias, ocorrência de parvovírus e infecção e posterior estabelecimento de de parasitos de roedores em colônias tratamento adequado nos animais e de camundongos e ratos de biotérios ambiente onde os mesmos encontram- brasileiros. 2011. 181f. Tese (Doutorado se. Vale ressaltar que a aplicação de em Ciências) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, substâncias acaricidas controla a Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Belo infestação, mas não a erradica Horizonte, MG, 2011. completamente, além de interferir na DURDEN, L.A.; PAGE, B.F. experimentação (PEREIRA, 2002). Ectoparasites of commensal rodents in Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia, with notes On CONCLUSÕES species of medical importance. Medical Registra-se,
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