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United States Patent (19) 11 E Re

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United States Patent (19) 11 E Re United States Patent (19) 11 E Re. 31,167 Schweitzer et al. 45) Reissued Mar. 8, 1983 (54) WIND-PROPELLED APPARATUS 1022300 3/1953 France . 773008 4/1957 United Kingdom . (75) Inventors: Henry H. Schweitzer, Pacific 1010090 1/1965 United Kingdom . Palisades; James R. Drake, Santa 1052,549 12/1966 United Kingdom . Monica, both of Calif. 1087239 10/1967 United Kingdom . 73) Assignee: Windsurfing International, Inc., OTHER PUBLICATIONS Torrance, Calif. Haffenreffer, C. W., published by Herreschoff Manu (21) Appl. No.: 910,564 facturing Co., of Bristol, R.I., received in N.Y. Public Library, 1940. 22 Filed: May 30, 1978 “The Wishbone Rig", published Feb. 1957, reprint Nov. 1963, Amateur Yacht Research Society Related U.S. Patent Documents (A.Y.R.S.). Reissue of: "Wishbone Rig' by Lt. General Sir Frederick A. M. (64) Patent No.: 3,487,800 Browning, published in Yachting World of Jan. 1956, Issued: Jan. 6, 1970 pp. 26-27. Appl. No.: 716,547 Yachting World, Jan. 1956, p. 27. Fied: Mar. 27, 1968 Crosby, W. F., article "The Wishbone Rig on Small 51 Int. C1.3 ........................ B63B 15/02; B63C 7/00; Boats', Aug. 1935 issue of The Rudder magazine, vol. B63H 9/04; B63H 9/10 51, pp. 37-39. (52) U.S. C. ........................................ 114/39; 114/91; The Dinghy Year Book, 1961, The Unstayed Mast, pp. 114/97; 114/102 22-27, Coles Limited, (58) Field of Search ....................... 114/39, 90,91, 97, Darby, S. Newman, "Sailboating: Exciting New Water 114/98, 102 Sport', Popular Science, Aug. 1965, pp. 138-141. (56) References Cited Primary Examiner-Douglas C. Butler Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Nilsson, Robbins, Dalgarn, U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Berliner, Carson and Wurst 2,353,007 7/1944 Blackman .............................. 114/9 3,057,316 10/1962 Hansen .................................. 114/39 (57) ABSTRACT 3,141,435 7/1964 Moffitt, Jr. ....................... 14/90 X Wind-propelled apparatus in which a mast is universally 3,173,395 3/1965 Laurent ... ..., 14/102 X mounted on a craft and supports a boom and sail. Spe 3,349,741 10/1967. Herbst ................................... 114/39 cifically a pair of curved booms are arcuately connected FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS athwart the mast and secure the sail therebetween, the 262081 5/1965 Australia . position of the mast and sail being controllable by the 301580 5/1916 Fed. Rep. of Germany . user but being substantially free from pivotal restraint in 1264282 3/1965 Fed. Rep. of Germany . the absence of such control. 1955324 8/1966 Fed. Rep. of Germany . 958.521 3/1950 France . 7 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures U.S. Patent Mar. 8, 1983 Re. 31, 167 Re. 31, 167 1 2 canoes, rowboats, and other such craft, but is most WIND-PROPELLED APPARATUS advantageously used on small and lightweight vehicles such as surfboards, iceboats, skateboards, and sleds. Matter enclosed in heavy brackets appears in the Leeboard means can be provided for a watercraft of original patent but forms no part of this reissue specifica low roll stability such as a surfboard. The term "lee tion; matter printed in italics indicates the additions made board' is meant to include center boards and dagger by reissue. boards, as these terms are known to the sailing art, as well as other projections from the body of the craft, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION planar or otherwise extending into or onto the water for Field of the invention 10 stabilization. The present invention allows essentially all of the The field of art to which the invention pertains in steering and control to be accomplished through the cludes the field of ships, particularly sailboats and ice sail; i.e. no rudder or other steering mechanism is boats, and the field of land vehicle sail attachments. needed, although such need not be excluded. One may Description of the prior art 15 accelerate, turn and tack merely by manipulating the Sail propulsion has been suggested as a motive means sail. However, because the sail is pivotally unrestrained, not only for boats and iceboats, but also for such water it must be held by the user with the user relying on his craft as surfboards and landcraft such as skateboards skill with the vehicle for balance. In the event of sudden and sleds, i.e., generally any lightweight small craft. or excessive winds, the user need only release the sail Typically, a sail is provided on a mast that is rigidly 20 and it will immediately fall in any direction, freeing the secured to the craft in a vertical position or else the sail vehicle from the propulsive force. and mast are entwined in a network of riggings and control mechanisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The general effect of providing a sail on a normally FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wind-propelled sailfree vehicle is to convert the vehicle into a water or 25 apparatus according to an embodiment of this invention landboat. Thus, by rigidly securing a sail to a surfboard, obtained by modifying a surfboard with a sail, spar and the feel of the surfboard and enjoyment as such is lost boom therefor and leeboard; and the skill normally required to control it is no longer FIG. 2 is a sectional view, on line 2-2 of FIG. 1, of needed. Instead, one obtains the speed and feel of a light a universal joint used for pivotal motion of the sail; sailboat and needs substantially only those skills appro 30 FIG. 3 is a sectional view, on line 3-3 of FIG. 1, of priate to control a sailboat. The same "denaturing' the spar-side juncture between the booms; and occurs with other vehicles modified to bear a sail. FIG. 4 is a sectional view, on line 4-4 of FIG. 1, of A further problem arises when a sail is fitted to a the clew-side juncture between the booms. vehicle that does not have high roll stability in that sudden or excessive winds can overturn the vehicle. 35 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED A need therefore exists for safely providing wind EMBODIMENT propulsion means for a vehicle not normally so Referring to FIG. 1, a wind-propelled apparatus is equipped but which means preserves the original ride shown, including a surfboard 10, spar 12, triangular sail and control characteristics of the vehicle. 14 and booms 16 and 18. The surfboard 10 has a dagger SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION board 20, as leeboard, inserted through an opening 22 The present invention provides wind propulsion provided in the body of the surfboard 10 and projecting means for a vehicle that adds new dimensions of wind obliquely from the bottom 24 thereof. A top portion of responsiveness and speed and yet enhances the vehicle's the daggerboard 20 extends somewhat beyond the top normal ride and control characteristics to greatly in 45 surface 28 of the surfboard 10 to provide a platform 29 crease the enjoyment obtained therefrom. Wind for pivotal attachment of the spar 12 as will be fully propelled apparatus is provided comprising vehicle described below. body means adapted to support a user and wind-propul The spar 12 is a stout, rounded, elongated fiberglass sion means pivotally associated with the body means shaft which, in this case, is hollow for lightneses but and adapted to receive wind for motive power. The may be of solid wood or metal, and has a cylindrical position of the propulsion means is controllable by the wood base 27 wedged through its lower end. The spar user and is substantially free from pivotal restraint in the 12 serves as a pivotal mast for the sail 14 and is inserted absence of such control. within a hem 30 tapering along a long edge 31 of the sail In particular embodiments, the propulsion means is 14 toward the top thereof. The bottom of the sail 14 is connected to the vehicle body by means of a universal 55 secured to the spar 12 by a rope 32 threaded through an joint, e.g. a joint having three axes of rotation, or other eyelet 34 in a lower edge of the sail 14 adjacent to the such joint to enable the propulsion means to be substan spar 12. tially free-floating in the absence of user control. Referring to FIG. 2, the spar 12 is connected to the The wind propulsion means can comprise a spar piv daggerboard platform 29 by means of a three-axis uni otally attached to the vehicle body and a sail on the versal joint 36. The joint 36 is made completely of stain spar. Means are provided to allow the user to grasp the less steel and is attached to the spar 12 by means of sail on one or both sides thereof. Thus, a boom is pro brace plates 38 and 40 held on opposite sides of the spar vided laterally disposed on the spar to hold the sail taut base 27 by wood screws 37. The brace plates 38 and 40 and provide a hand-hold. In particular embodiments, a have extended portions 42 and 44, respectively, some pair of booms is provided arcuately connected athwart 65 what below the spar base 27 and disposed on opposite the spar and securing the sail therebetween. sides of a short section of stainless steel tubing 46. A The invention can be used on watercraft, iceboats and one-quarter inch diameter headed pin 48 extends landcraft. It can be used on small yachts, runabouts, through holes 50 and 52 in the brace plate extensions 42 Re. 31, 167 3 4. and 44 and is rotatably secured by a cotter pin 54 in tures it and the board 10 is then on its new course.
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