Lesson 7 Lincoln's Assassination
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Emancipation Proclamation
Abraham Lincoln and the emancipation proclamation with an introduction by Allen C. Guelzo Abraham Lincoln and the emancipation proclamation A Selection of Documents for Teachers with an introduction by Allen C. Guelzo compiled by James G. Basker and Justine Ahlstrom New York 2012 copyright © 2008 19 W. 44th St., Ste. 500, New York, NY 10036 www.gilderlehrman.org isbn 978-1-932821-87-1 cover illustrations: photograph of Abraham Lincoln, by Andrew Gard- ner, printed by Philips and Solomons, 1865 (Gilder Lehrman Collection, GLC05111.01.466); the second page of Abraham Lincoln’s draft of the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, September 22, 1862 (New York State Library, see pages 20–23); photograph of a free African American family in Calhoun, Alabama, by Rich- ard Riley, 19th century (GLC05140.02) Many of the documents in this booklet are unique manuscripts from the gilder leh- rman collection identified by the following accession numbers: p8, GLC00590; p10, GLC05302; p12, GLC01264; p14, GLC08588; p27, GLC00742; p28 (bottom), GLC00493.03; p30, GLC05981.09; p32, GLC03790; p34, GLC03229.01; p40, GLC00317.02; p42, GLC08094; p43, GLC00263; p44, GLC06198; p45, GLC06044. Contents Introduction by Allen C. Guelzo ...................................................................... 5 Documents “The monstrous injustice of slavery itself”: Lincoln’s Speech against the Kansas-Nebraska Act in Peoria, Illinois, October 16, 1854. 8 “To contribute an humble mite to that glorious consummation”: Notes by Abraham Lincoln for a Campaign Speech in the Senate Race against Stephen A. Douglas, 1858 ...10 “I have no lawful right to do so”: Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861 .........12 “Adopt gradual abolishment of slavery”: Message from President Lincoln to Congress, March 6, 1862 ...........................................................................................14 “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude . -
Good Friday, 1865
Good Friday, 1865 The play had already started when the Lincolns arrived. As the honored guests made their way up the stairway to the dress circle, the actors stopped and the audience cheered. As the band struck up “Hail to the Chief,” the president took an impromptu bow. It was Good Friday, April 14,1865. The Washington Evening Star had carried a front-page advertisement for Laura Keene’s appearance at Ford’s Theatre in the lighthearted com- edy Our American Cousin, and an announcement inside indicated that the president and Mrs. Lincoln would be attending that night. The Lincolns had extended an invitation to General Ulysses S. Grant and his wife, Julia, and when they declined, to Assistant Secretary of War Thomas Eckert, who declined as well. Next down the list were Clara Harris and Major Henry Rathbone, who happily accepted. She was the daughter of a New York senator, and he, Clara’s stepbrother and fiancé. It was an evening that would ruin their lives. The presidential box, personally decorated by one of the Ford brothers for the occasion, hovered above stage left. Lincoln lowered himself into the walnut rocking chair, with Mary seated to his right. At perhaps a quarter past ten, the audience roared with laughter as the actor Harry Hawk, in the role of the backwoods American cousin of British relatives, uttered the 1 2 good friday, 1865 line, “ Well, I guess I know enough to turn you inside out, old gal — you sockdologizing old mantrap!” Then came a pistol crack. Was it part of the play? An accidental firing by a soldier in the audience? Now a man leapt to the stage — was that part of the script? But he’d jumped from the pres- ident’s box and caught one foot in the decorative swags, waving a knife. -
Chapter 11: the Civil War, 1861-1865
The Civil War 1861–1865 Why It Matters The Civil War was a milestone in American history. The four-year-long struggle determined the nation’s future. With the North’s victory, slavery was abolished. During the war, the Northern economy grew stronger, while the Southern economy stagnated. Military innovations, including the expanded use of railroads and the telegraph, coupled with a general conscription, made the Civil War the first “modern” war. The Impact Today The outcome of this bloody war permanently changed the nation. • The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery. • The power of the federal government was strengthened. The American Vision Video The Chapter 11 video, “Lincoln and the Civil War,” describes the hardships and struggles that Abraham Lincoln experienced as he led the nation in this time of crisis. 1862 • Confederate loss at Battle of Antietam 1861 halts Lee’s first invasion of the North • Fort Sumter fired upon 1863 • First Battle of Bull Run • Lincoln presents Emancipation Proclamation 1859 • Battle of Gettysburg • John Brown leads raid on federal ▲ arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia Lincoln ▲ 1861–1865 ▲ ▲ 1859 1861 1863 ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1861 1862 1863 • Russian serfs • Source of the Nile River • French troops 1859 emancipated by confirmed by John Hanning occupy Mexico • Work on the Suez Czar Alexander II Speke and James A. Grant City Canal begins in Egypt 348 Charge by Don Troiani, 1990, depicts the advance of the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry during the Battle of Chancellorsville. 1865 • Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse • Abraham Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth 1864 • Fall of Atlanta HISTORY • Sherman marches ▲ A. -
Actor, Assassin, Patriot, Pawn; What You Think You Know About John Wilkes Booth”
April 14, 2016 The Civil War: April 12, 1861 - May 9, 1865 “Actor, Assassin, Patriot, Pawn; What you think you know about John Wilkes Booth” It was sad news to hear of Don “Duffy” Forsyth’s pass- ing last month. His gentle smile has been missed the last few months. His efforts in getting the speaker for our last luncheon were important to the success of the event. I was pleased to hear from his wife, Nancy, about how much he enjoyed the time he spent with Old Baldy. We are grateful that the family listed Old Baldy as an organization to which a donation could be made to honor Don. Bob Hanrahan, Jr. told us all about the battle between the Kearsarge and the Alabama last month. This month Joanne Hulme, a Booth descendant, will inform us what we do not know about John Wilkes Booth. Next month our vice-president Bob Russo will share his research on Arlington National Cemetery. Be sure to tell others about Joanne Hulme our great programs and activities. Ticket sales for our Iwo Jima print are going well. Pick up a flyer at the meeting to display in your area. Join us at 7:15 PM on Thursday, April 14th, at Camden Planning for our October Symposium is coming along well. County College in the Connector Building, Room 101. At our meeting on the 14th, we will present opportunities This month’s topic is "Actor, Assassin, Patriot, Pawn; for some members to assist on the project. Some tasks we What you think you know about John Wilkes Booth" have identified so far include contacting local businesses presented by Joanne Hulme. -
The Assassination 1 of 2 a Living Resource Guide to Lincoln's Life and Legacy
5-2 The Assassination 1 of 2 A Living Resource Guide to Lincoln's Life and Legacy The Assassination Lincoln Assassination. Clipart ETC. 18 July 2008. Educational Technology Clearinghouse. University of South Florida. <http://etc.usf.edu/clipart> March 17, 1865 John Wilkes Booth’s plot to kidnap Lincoln is foiled by Lincoln’s failure to show up at the soldiers’ hospital where Booth planned to carry out the kidnapping. April 14,1865 Booth fires his derringer the President while Lincoln, his wife Mary Todd Lincoln, Maj. Henry R. Rathbone, and his fiancée Clara Harris are in a private box in Ford’s Theater viewing a special performance of Our American Cousin. Entering through the President's left ear, the bullet lodges behind his right eye, leaving him paralyzed. Booth leaps from the box on to the stage, declaring “Sic simper tyrannis” and breaking his right fibula. Nearly simultaneously, Lewis Paine twice slashes Secretary of State William Henry Seward’s throat while the Secretary lies in bed recovering from a carriage accident. A metal surgical collar prevents the attack from accomplishing its deadly objective. Believing his attempt successful, Paine fights his way out of the mansion. Dr. Charles Leale examines the President. Lincoln is moved to a boarding house, now called the Peterson House, across Office of Curriculum & Instruction/Indiana Department of Education 09/08 This document may be duplicated and distributed as needed. 5-2 The Assassination 2 of 2 A Living Resource Guide to Lincoln's Life and Legacy from the theater on 10th Street. Co-conspirator George Atzerodt fails to carry out the plan to assassinate Vice President Andrew Johnson. -
Assembly Resolution No. 120
Assembly Resolution No. 120 BY: M. of A. Maisel COMMEMORATING the 200th Anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln WHEREAS, From time to time this Legislative Body takes note of certain extraordinary individuals of remarkable courage and strength of character who lived their lives for others, and who stood for liberty and democracy; and WHEREAS, Attendant to such concern, and in full accord with its long-standing traditions, it is the sense of this Legislative Body to commemorate the 200th Anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, and to pay just tribute to his many accomplishments; and WHEREAS, Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, and served as the 16th President of the United States of America; and WHEREAS, He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery; as the war was drawing to a close, Abraham Lincoln became the first American president to be assassinated; and WHEREAS, Prior to his election in 1860 as the first Republican president, Abraham Lincoln had been a lawyer, an Illinois State Legislator, a member of the United States House of Representatives, and twice an unsuccessful candidate for election to the Senate; and WHEREAS, As an outspoken opponent of the expansion of slavery in the United States, Abraham Lincoln won the Republican Party nomination in 1860, and was elected president later that year; and WHEREAS, His tenure in office was occupied primarily with the defeat of the secessionist Confederate States of America in the American Civil War; he introduced measures that resulted in the abolition of slavery, issuing his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, and promoting the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which passed Congress before Lincoln's death and was ratified by the States later in 1865; and WHEREAS, Abraham Lincoln closely supervised the victorious war effort, especially the selection of top generals, including Ulysses S. -
BOOTH's PLOT to KIDNAP LINCOLN: Ida Tarbell Speaks Again
BOOTH'S PLOT TO KIDNAP LINCOLN: By IDA M. TARBELL Edited by Ernest C. Miller* Ida Tarbell Speaks Again IDA M. TARBELL stands today for different things to dif- ferent people. There are, for example, aspiring young writers who are making added efforts to produce better writing after reading Miss Tar- bell's "All in the Day's Work," which accurately portrays her early trials and later success as an editorial staff member on such magazines as "The Chautauquan," "McClure's Magazine," and "The American Magazine." Others have found Miss Tarbell's worth in her excellent bio- graphical works, "The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte" and "Madam Roland," resulting in part from her study and experiences in Palis. Closer to home and to the present, her volumes on business, busi- ness changes, and industrial leaders, such as her "Life of Elbert H. Gary" and "Owen D. Young," established a standard for such writing that has seldom been equalled. To a host of Lincoln scholars and experts, and to the American public in general, Miss Tarbell's "Life of Abraham Lincoln" stands as her supreme effort. In this she eulogized a man previ- ously made repulsive by some authors. She set straight some con- troversial Lincoln questions, and, most important, brought from hiding and saved for posterity many reminiscences that would otherwise have been lost forever. Lincoln and the Lincoln family were persistent endeavors with Miss Tarbell and all her life she collected material on them. When she prepared "In the Footsteps of the Lincolns," she lifted that famous name from the category of "poor white trash" to its proper position. -
Who Was Robert Todd Lincoln?
WHO WAS ROBERT TODD LINCOLN? He was the only child of Abe and Mary Lincoln to survive into adulthood - with his three brothers having died from illness at young ages. Believe it or not, Robert lived until 1926, dying at age 83. But along the way, he sure lived a remarkable life. For starters, he begged his father for a commission to serve in the Civil War, with President Lincoln refusing, saying the loss of two sons (to that point) made risking the loss of a third out of the question. But Robert insisted, saying that if his father didn't help him, he would join on his own and fight with the front line troops; a threat that drove Abe to give in. But you know how clever Abe was. He gave Robert what he wanted, but wired General Grant to assign "Captain Lincoln" to his staff, and to keep him well away from danger. The assignment did, however, result in Robert's being present at Appomattox Court House, during the historic moment of Lee's surrender. Then - the following week, while Robert was at the White House, he was awakened at midnight to be told of his father's shooting, and was present at The Peterson House when his father died. Below are Robert's three brothers; Eddie, Willie, and Tad. Little Eddie died at age 4 in 1850 - probably from thyroid cancer. Willie (in the middle picture) was the most beloved of all the boys. He died in the White House at age 11 in 1862, from what was most likely Typhoid Fever. -
Primary Source Doc
THE NATIONAL NEWS Nationalland,Location: PA 18934 April 16, 1865 Issue.No. Thirty-Four TELEPHONE (215) 971-4741 (215) 8394-FAX 1749 “The president is very lucky, had he not turned his body Lincoln assassination attempt and leaned over the bullet probably would have went failed, doctors call his into his head.” -Army condition to be minor. Surgeon, Charles Leale JOHN WILKES BOOTH CHARGED WITH ATTEMPTED MURDER CHARGES SWEET NIGHT GONE SOUR President Lincoln is living proof that there is such a thing called luck. On April 15th the President joined Henry Rathbone, Clara Harris, and Mary Todd Lincoln at the Ford’s Theatre for what they thought to be a fun evening out to view the play Our American Friends and Family surround Lincoln’s hospital bed Cousin, little did they know they were in for a rude awakening. Booth sat in a box located directly across from Lincoln’s state box, waited for the perfect shot to hit Lincoln in the chest and fired his gun at 10:13pm. However, Lincoln had turned to his friend Henry Rathbone to confirm their dinner reservations after the play and Booth The Philadelphia Derringer missed his shot, the bullet went into President used to shoot President Lincoln Lincoln’s shoulder. John Wilkes Booth Army Surgeon, Charles Leale assessed President Lincoln’s wounds as he was rushed to Colonial Hospital he called the wound “minor” and noted that all vital organs were missed and there was nothing to worry about. Lincoln went into surgery that night and went home to the White House the very next morning. -
Ford's Theatre, Lincoln's Assassination and Its Aftermath
Narrative Section of a Successful Proposal The attached document contains the narrative and selected portions of a previously funded grant application. It is not intended to serve as a model, but to give you a sense of how a successful proposal may be crafted. Every successful proposal is different, and each applicant is urged to prepare a proposal that reflects its unique project and aspirations. Prospective applicants should consult the program guidelines at http://www.neh.gov/grants/education/landmarks-american-history- and-culture-workshops-school-teachers for instructions. Applicants are also strongly encouraged to consult with the NEH Division of Education Programs staff well before a grant deadline. The attachment only contains the grant narrative and selected portions, not the entire funded application. In addition, certain portions may have been redacted to protect the privacy interests of an individual and/or to protect confidential commercial and financial information and/or to protect copyrighted materials. Project Title: The Seat of War and Peace: The Lincoln Assassination and Its Legacy in the Nation’s Capital Institution: Ford’s Theatre Project Directors: Sarah Jencks and David McKenzie Grant Program: Landmarks of American History and Culture Workshops 400 7th Street, S.W., 4th Floor, Washington, D.C. 20506 P 202.606.8500 F 202.606.8394 E [email protected] www.neh.gov 2. Narrative Description 2015 will mark the 150th anniversary of the first assassination of a president—that of President Abraham Lincoln as he watched the play Our American Cousin at Ford’s Theatre, six blocks from the White House in Washington, D.C. -
President Lincoln's Assassination
• Born in Maryland; the 9th of 10 children in a family of actors. • He was a racist and Southern sympathizer during the Civil War. • Booth blamed Lincoln for all the South's ills. • BOOTH WANTED REVENGE!!!! • In late summer of 1864 Booth began developing plans to kidnap Lincoln, take him to Richmond (the Confederate capital), and hold him in return for Confederate prisoners of war. • On April 9, 1865, CSA General Robert E. Lee surrendered to USA General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox (War is over.) • Two days later, in a speech from the White House, Lincoln suggested that voting rights be granted to certain blacks. Booth was present in the crowd. • Infuriated, Booth's plans now turned in the direction of assassination. • On April 14, Booth stopped at Ford's Theatre, where he was a regular actor, to pick up his mail. • While there he learned of President Lincoln's plans to attend the evening performance of Our American Cousin. John Wiles Booth Primary Document Analysis • President Lincoln and his wife Mary Todd Lincoln arrived late at 8:30 with Maj. Henry Rathbone and his girlfriend Clara Harris. • The play stopped and Hail to the Chief was sung as Lincoln made his way to the state box. • Ward Hill Lamon, Lincoln’s regular bodyguard, was not available, so a new guard was assigned and was posted outside the door. He would later leave his post! • Booth entered Ford's lobby at about 10:07 P.M. • Quietly, Booth then opened the door and entered the dark area in back of the box. -
Lincoln's Assassination
Teacher Guide: “Lincoln’s Assassination” on Fords.org Prepared by David McKenzie Webpage: https://www.fords.org/lincolns-assassination/ Overview of webpage This page uses first-person accounts and an image of the Ford’s Theatre stage in 1865 to talk about the events of the night of April 14, 1865, when John Wilkes Booth shot President Abraham Lincoln. Structure of page Ø The menu on the right side of the page, just below the image of Booth shooting Lincoln, navigates to the other main pages of this website section: Lincoln’s Death, Investigating the Assassination, Impact on a Nation, and Ford’s Theatre History. Ø This page has a short introduction /overview before getting into the interactive map and eyewitness accounts. Ø This also asks the following questions about the first-person accounts presented: o As you look at each testimony, consider: § How does this evidence match—or not—with other evidence? Who gave the testimony? § What might the person’s motives be for saying what they did? § When did this person give the testimony? Was it soon after the event? Much later? How might that affect what they said? Interactive Map The interactive map includes the following “hot spots,” each representing one moment during the Lincoln assassination. Each stop includes first person accounts, some of which link to the original source of the first-person account. Ø Booth Enters the Presidential Box o Quotes from eyewitnesses James P. Ferguson and Jeannie Gourlay. Ø The Laugh Line o Quotes from eyewitnesses Jeannie Gourlay and Harry Hawk. Ø The Fatal Shot o Quotes from eyewitnesses Harry Hawk, James P.