DOCSLIB.ORG

Disability, Race, and the Politics of Memory Susanne C. Knittel

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Disability, Race, and the Politics of Memory Susanne C. Knittel Uncanny Homelands: Disability, Race, and the Politics of Memory Susanne C. Knittel Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2011 ©2011 Susanne C. Knittel All Rights Reserved Abstract Uncanny Homelands: Disability, Race, and the Politics of Memory Susanne C. Knittel This dissertation is an interdisciplinary and comparative study of German and Italian memory culture after 1945. It examines how the interaction between memorials, litera‐ ture, historiography, and popular culture shapes a society’s memory and identity. I focus on two marginalized aspects of the memory of the Holocaust: the Nazi “euthanasia” program directed against the mentally ill and disabled, and the Fascist persecution of Slovenes, Croats, and Jews in and around Trieste. I couple my analysis of memorials to these atrocities with an examination of the literary and artistic representations of the traumatic events in question. My work thus expands the definition of site of memory to encompass not only the specific geographical location of a historical event but also the assemblage of cultural artefacts and discourses that accumulate around it over time. A “site” therefore denotes a physical and a cultural space that is continuously re‐defined and rewritten. The two memorials I analyze, Grafeneck and the Risiera di San Sabba, bookend the Holocaust, revealing a trajectory from the systematic elimination of socially undesirable people, such as the mentally ill and disabled, to the full‐scale racial purifica‐ tion of the “final solution.” The lack of survivor testimony about these sites has been a major factor in their continued marginalization within the discourse on Holocaust mem‐ ory, which is why it is all the more important to consider the way these events figure in other genres and other media, such as novels, short stories, poems, biographies, TV‐ dramas, and theatre plays. This approach allows me to shed new light on canonical works such as Günter Grass’s The Tin Drum or the TV‐Series Holocaust and to bring into focus works that have so far not received the critical attention they deserve. Through my analysis I show how certain authors participate in a process of vicarious witnessing, lending their voice to those who were not able or permitted to speak for themselves. By bringing these underrepresented sites and memories into focus, I not only argue for a more inclusive memory culture but also reveal how the politics of commemoration con‐ tinue to lead to the exclusion of persecuted minorities. Thus, my dissertation partici‐ pates in the broader project within Holocaust studies of opening the discourse to de‐ particularized, transnational perspectives and other victim groups. Contents List of Illustrations ................................................................................................................ v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ vii Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Uncanny Homelands ..................................................................................................... 8 Parallel Histories .......................................................................................................... 12 The War on Difference ................................................................................................ 19 Chapter Overview ....................................................................................................... 29 A note on translations ................................................................................................. 36 Chapter 1 Remembering Euthanasia: Grafeneck between the Past and the Future ..... 37 Grafeneck’s Past .......................................................................................................... 46 Grafeneck Today .......................................................................................................... 59 The Memory of Grafeneck .......................................................................................... 62 Grafeneck in the Future .............................................................................................. 76 Chapter 2 Bridging the Silence: Towards a Literary Memory of (Nazi) Euthanasia ....... 92 “Holocaust” and Euthanasia ....................................................................................... 96 Bridging the Silence: A Dialogue between Disciplines .............................................. 109 i The Sacrifice of the Sage: Disabled Enabler Figures from Böll to Hein ..................... 115 Daniel and Adam ................................................................................................. 115 Waiting for the Water ......................................................................................... 126 Christoph Hein’s Marlene ................................................................................... 130 Oskar and Schugger Leo ...................................................................................... 137 Bridging the Silence, Part Two: Vicarious Witnessing ............................................... 151 Into the Blue ........................................................................................................ 155 Finding Emma ..................................................................................................... 170 The Life and Opinions of a Swabian Eulenspiegel ............................................... 180 In There/Out Here ............................................................................................... 186 Chapter 3 Lethal Trajectories: Perpetrators between Grafeneck and Trieste .............. 195 From Grafeneck to Trieste ......................................................................................... 203 The End of the War ................................................................................................... 211 Perpetrators in Post‐War Germany ........................................................................... 216 Perpetrators in Post‐War Italy ................................................................................... 220 The Two Exhibitions .................................................................................................. 231 Grafeneck ............................................................................................................ 233 ii The Risiera di San Sabba ..................................................................................... 237 Education after Auschwitz ........................................................................................ 241 Coda: Rest in Peace? ................................................................................................. 246 Chapter 4 Black Holes and Revelations: an “Italian Tragedy”..................................... 254 Days of Memory and Forgetting ............................................................................... 254 Fascism in Venezia Giulia .......................................................................................... 266 The Risiera di San Sabba ........................................................................................... 278 The Risiera in the Past ......................................................................................... 287 The Risiera after 1945 ......................................................................................... 295 The Risiera Trial ................................................................................................... 308 Visiting the Risiera Today .................................................................................... 312 The Foiba di Basovizza .............................................................................................. 322 The Parco della Rimembranza ................................................................................... 332 Chapter 5 No Place Like Home: Trieste and the Language of Belonging ..................... 339 Saints and Sinners: The Holocaust on Italian Television ........................................... 339 Manufactured History: Il cuore nel pozzo ................................................................. 351 Uncanny Homeland: Pahor’s Trieste ......................................................................... 362 iii A Question of Belonging: Fulvio Tomizza and Liminal Identity ................................. 383 Literature and the Risiera .......................................................................................... 402 The Living Word on the Stage: Rižarna and I me ciamava per nome: 44.787 .......... 416 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 438 A Day in the Life of a Fascist ...................................................................................... 438 The Tree of History .................................................................................................... 442 Multidirectionality Internal and External .................................................................. 444 Bibliography .............................................................................................................. 452 iv List of Illustrations Fig. 1 A view of Grafeneck from the South
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Declinazioni Dei Tòpoi Della Foresta in Le Morte Darthur Di Sir Thomas Malory
    Università degli Studi di Padova Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Letterari Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Filologia Moderna Classe LM-14 Tesi di laurea Declinazioni dei tòpoi della foresta in Le Morte Darthur di Sir Thomas Malory Relatore Laureando Prof.ssa Alessandra Petrina Daniele Biffanti n° matr. 1039306 / LMFIM Anno Accademico 2014 / 2015 1 2 INDICE p. 3 PREMESSA p. 7 CAP. 1 – LA FORESTA TRA ETÀ ANTICA E MEDIOEVO 1.1 ORIGINE ED ETIMOLOGIA DEI TERMINI “SELVA”, “FORESTA” E “BOSCO” p. 9 1.2 LA SELVA IN ETÀ GRECO-ROMANA p. 13 1.3 CAMBIAMENTI NELL'ALTO MEDIOEVO p. 21 1.4 LA FORESTA NEL BASSO MEDIOEVO p. 27 1.5 UN CASO SPECIFICO: LA FORESTA NEL MEDIOEVO INGLESE p. 30 CAP. 2 – LA SELVA NELLA LETTERATURA ANTICA 2.1 LA SELVA E LA CITTÀ ANTICA: GILGAMESH E ROMOLO p. 35 2.2 IL RITRATTO DEL SELVAGGIO p. 43 2.3 LA CACCIA NEL BOSCO p. 47 2.4 LA SELVA COME LOCUS AMOENUS E LOCUS HORRIDUS: VIRGILIO E LUCANO p. 56 CAP. 3 – LA FORESTA NELLA LETTERATURA TARDOLATINA E ALTOMEDIEVALE 3.1 IL BOSCO DI GRENDEL IN BEOWULF p. 65 3.2 LA FORESTA COME DESERTUM: FORESTA E DESERTO BIBLICO p. 70 3.3 HYLE E SILVA: LA SELVA COME CAOS E MATERIA PRIMORDIALE p. 74 CAP. 4 – LA FORESTA NEI TESTI DEL BASSO MEDIOEVO 4.1 LA “SELVA OSCURA” E LA “SELVA ANTICA” NELLA DIVINA COMMEDIA p. 79 4.2 IL MOTIVO DELLA “CACCIA INFERNALE” NELLA LETTERATURA ITALIANA MEDIEVALE p. 84 4.3 NASCITA E SVILUPPO DEL CICLO ARTURIANO p.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottoman Merchants in the Adriatic. Trade and Smuggling
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of University of Primorska ACTA HISTRIAE • 16 • 2008 • 1-2 received: 2008-01-27 UDC 355.49:343.712.2(262.3)"14/16" original scientific article OTTOMAN MERCHANTS IN THE ADRIATIC. TRADE AND SMUGGLING Maria Pia PEDANI University Ca'Foscari of Venice, Department of Historical Studies, I-30123 Venezia, Dorsoduro 3484/d e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT th In the 15 century sultans discovered the economic importance of the Adriatic. th They accepted doges' rule on this sea but, at the end of the 16 century, the presence of Christian and Muslim pirates marred the relations between the two states. Ottoman merchants used to cross the Adriatic to reach the markets of Venice and Ancona. Be- sides regular trade there was also smuggling: above all arms were exported to the Empire while wheat went westwards. Several links united the two commercial commu- nities: for instance, subjects of the Republic embarked sometimes on Ottoman ships; in the ports of the Serenissima the sultan's merchants used to pay the same customs as Venetians and, sometimes, they also insured themselves with Venetian companies. The th wars of the end of the 17 century put a momentary stop to Muslim commercial activi- ties in Venice and in the Adriatic. However, at the beginning of the following century, Albanian vessels charged with Ottoman goods appeared again at St. Mark's docks, even if soon after, in the 1720s', short-sighted Venetian protectionist politics pushed them to prefer the port of Trieste.
    [Show full text]
  • Biography of Franz Stangl (1908-1971) Childhood and Early
    Biography of Franz Stangl (1908-1971) Childhood and Early Life Franz Stangl was born on March 26, 1908 in a small town in Austria called Almunster. His father worked as a night watchman, and believed that Stangl was not his child (implying his wife cheated on him). Stangl was petrified of his father because he was continually beaten by him. When Stangl was eight years old his father died of malnutrition, and a year later his mother re- married. When he was fourteen, his step-father wanted him to leave school and work at a local steel mill. At fifteen, he left school and became an apprentice weaver. He finished his apprenticeship in three years and when he was eighteen and a half became the youngest master weaver in Australia. At twenty-three years old he discovered there was no further career advancement, so he applied for a job with the police force, as he was always attracted to the job of policemen, liking the safety and security it represented. Several months later he was told to report to the Kaplanhof (police training barracks in Linz) for training where he started out as a rookie for the Austrian police force, working as a traffic policeman and on the riot squad. He volunteered for ‘special duties’, which included in participating in street battles in Linz against socialists. He earned a silver medal for removing socialists from a local Cinema where they had been entrenched. In 1934, the Nazi’s assassinated the Chancellor of Austria, but it was clear that the Austrian police criticized this action.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael Biggins Cv Highlights
    MICHAEL BIGGINS CV HIGHLIGHTS 5405 NE 74th Street Telephone: (206) 543-5588 Seattle, WA 98115 USA E-mail: [email protected] PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Affiliate Professor, Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Washington, 2000 - present. Teach courses in Slovenian language (all levels), advanced Russian language, Slavic to English literary translation, Slovenian literature. Head, International Studies Units, University of Washington Libraries, 2004-present. Oversight and coordination of staff and activities of Near East Section, Slavic and East European Section, Southeast Asia Section, and materials processing for South Asia. Head, Slavic and East European Section, University of Washington Libraries, 1994 - present (tenured, 1997). Librarian for Slavic, Baltic and East European studies. Interim Librarian for Scandinavian Studies, 2011- 2012. Coordinator for International Studies units (Near East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Slavic), 1997-1999, 2004-present. Fund group manager, International Studies (Slavic, East Asia, Near East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Latin America and others), 2010-present. Slavic Catalog Librarian and South Slavic Bibliographer, University of Kansas Libraries, 1988-1994 (tenured, 1993). Assistant Professor of Russian, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill., 1986-1987. Instructor of Russian, Middlebury College Russian Summer School, Middlebury, Vt., 1986-87. Assistant Professor of Russian, St. Michael's College, Colchester, Vt., 1985-1986. Russian Language Summer Study Abroad Instructor/Group Leader, University of Kansas, led groups of 20-25 U.S. students enrolled in summer intensive Russian language program in Leningrad, Soviet Union, 1981 and 1982. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND PhD, Honors, Slavic Languages and Literatures: University of Kansas (1985). MS, Library and Information Science: University of Illinois/Champaign-Urbana (1988). MA, Honors, Germanic Languages and Literatures: University of Kansas (1978).
    [Show full text]
  • University of Zadar [email protected] Tea TEREZA VIDOVIĆ-SCHRE
    LINGUA MONTENEGRINA, god. XIII/1, br. 25, Cetinje, 2020. Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost UDK 070:929Bettiza E. Izvorni naučni rad Josip MILETIĆ (Zadar) University of Zadar [email protected] Tea TEREZA VIDOVIĆ-SCHREIBER (Split) University of Split [email protected] DALMATIA – BETTIZA’S LOST HOMELAND The paper analyses the potential of Bettiza’s fiction for the deve- lopment of Croatian and Italian cultural relations as well as tourist promotion of the Croatian historical region of Dalmatia. Particular attention is focused on the novel Exile, in which the author writes a family chronicle by evoking his Split roots. At the same time, he describes the atmosphere, customs and picturesque figures of Dal- matian towns in the interwar period, the encounter of Slavic and Roman culture, as well as the destiny of the Italian population there who, due to the turmoil of war and socialist revolution, decided to leave their homeland. Reception of Bettiza’s work, as an account of an individual history that is completely different from the written (national), the collective history, can positively affect the Italian perception of Dalmatia as a tourist destination, and it can improve the distorted image of Croats living there, which has been created for decades in Italy, through the activist action of extreme groups, therefore it can be of multiple use. Proving that not all Italians for- cibly left their former homeland, but that a part of them left freely seeking a better life for themselves and their families not seeing any perspective in the upcoming communism, allows for the constructi- on of bridges between Slavic and Roman culture, and an even better and more effective tourism promotion of this Croatian region in the context of Italian tourist interests.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating Italy's Past Through Historical Crime Fiction, Films, and Tv
    INVESTIGATING ITALY’S PAST THROUGH HISTORICAL CRIME FICTION, FILMS, AND TV SERIES Murder in the Age of Chaos B P ITALIAN AND ITALIAN AMERICAN STUDIES AND ITALIAN ITALIAN Italian and Italian American Studies Series Editor Stanislao G. Pugliese Hofstra University Hempstead , New York, USA Aims of the Series This series brings the latest scholarship in Italian and Italian American history, literature, cinema, and cultural studies to a large audience of spe- cialists, general readers, and students. Featuring works on modern Italy (Renaissance to the present) and Italian American culture and society by established scholars as well as new voices, it has been a longstanding force in shaping the evolving fi elds of Italian and Italian American Studies by re-emphasizing their connection to one another. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14835 Barbara Pezzotti Investigating Italy’s Past through Historical Crime Fiction, Films, and TV Series Murder in the Age of Chaos Barbara Pezzotti Victoria University of Wellington New Zealand Italian and Italian American Studies ISBN 978-1-137-60310-4 ISBN 978-1-349-94908-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-349-94908-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016948747 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWSLETTER Documentary on Boris Pahor Screened in MD and PA
    Consular Hours EU To in San Parliamentary Do Francisco Elections List page 2 > page 3 > page 5 - 7 > NEWSLETTER MARCH 7, 2014, VOLUME 10, NUMBER 9 Documentary on Boris Pahor Screened in MD and PA Slovenian documentary “The Stubborn Memory” (Trmasti spomin) about a Boris Pahor addressed for the occasion to the American audience a centenarian Slovene writer, letter, read in both Slovene and English. holocaust survivor and Nobel literature prize nominee, The series has been running Higher Education Center and Boris Pahor, has been for five weeks from the first week yesterday in Annapolis, MD, at the presented this week at the of February through the second Maryland Hall for the Creative Arts, seventh annual international week of March at five venues when around 170 people attended film series Bridges to the throughout the state of Maryland the event and the discussion that World, organized by the and in Reading, Pennsylvania. Each followed. For the occasion, Boris World Artists Experiences. film was introduced, screened, Pahor, who will celebrate his 101th The series introduces every and followed by a discussion. birthday in August, addressed a year free screenings of five The Slovenian film The letter to the American audience. international films, this year, Stubborn Memory has been shown The documentary, which one each from Ukraine, Chile, in California, MD, on Wednesday, received an Erasmus EuroMedia China, Israel and Slovenia. March 5 at the Southern Maryland award and a medal of excellence in Embassy of Slovenia 2410 California Street, NW twitter.com/SLOinUSA Washington, D.C. 20008, USA T: +1 202 386 66 01 E: [email protected] facebook.com/SLOembassyUSA washington.embassy.si Trieste, where he witnessed the persecution of Slovenians by the Fascists before WWII, was imprisoned by the Nazis during the war and was banned from entering Slovenia by the Communists after publishing an interview, in which fellow writer Edvard Kocbek spoke about summary post-war killings.
    [Show full text]
  • Between the Local and the National: the Free Territory of Trieste, "Italianita," and the Politics of Identity from the Second World War to the Osimo Treaty
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2014 Between the Local and the National: The Free Territory of Trieste, "Italianita," and the Politics of Identity from the Second World War to the Osimo Treaty Fabio Capano Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Capano, Fabio, "Between the Local and the National: The Free Territory of Trieste, "Italianita," and the Politics of Identity from the Second World War to the Osimo Treaty" (2014). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 5312. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/5312 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Between the Local and the National: the Free Territory of Trieste, "Italianità," and the Politics of Identity from the Second World War to the Osimo Treaty Fabio Capano Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Modern Europe Joshua Arthurs, Ph.D., Co-Chair Robert Blobaum, Ph.D., Co-Chair Katherine Aaslestad, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Self in the City: Stelio Mattioni and Trieste
    Inscribing the 'Self in the City: Stelio Mattioni and Trieste Katia Pizzi University of Kent at Canterbury Trieste is perhaps best known for its geographical eccentricity. Perched on the upper N o r t h - E a s t e m comer of t h e Adriatic sea, Trieste has enjoyed or, perhaps, suffered almost since its foundation around the fifth c e n t u r y B.C., the status of border city. The proximity of the border is cmcial. The border has shifted at different times (owing to changed historical circumstances) bringing with it a redefinition o f i d e n t i t y at each move. The border has been, and in many respects still is, experienced as a source of permanent anxiety and displacement. The border, most importantly, acts in the literary realm a s a chronotope in the Bachtinian sense. ' The seemingly inescapable presence of t h e border is considered to be one of t h e distinctive features which are most ingrained in Triestine writing. 'Triestinità' (='Triestinness', the quality ofbeing Triestine) is however not merely confined to the presence of the border.2 Other ingredients of 'triestinità' include conspicuous references t o an outmoded Uterary tradition; an emphasis on details of t h e landscape or local topography; an interest in the local dialect; an eagerness to produce an 'epic'. I do not wish to dwell further on the many facets of 'triestinità', but intend to focus on a predilection for autobiography displayed by virtually all Triestine authors. My intention in this paper is to discuss the work of Stelio Mattioni, a little known contemporary Italian author from T r i e s t e .
    [Show full text]
  • Sobibór: Sobibór Holocaust Propaganda and Reality Sobibór
    BARNES REVIEW HOLOCAUST HANDBOOK SERIES • VOLUME 19 19 BARNES REVIEW HOLOCAUST HANDBOOK SERIES • VOLUME 19 SOBIBÓR: SOBIBÓR HOLOCAUST PROPAGANDA AND REALITY SOBIBÓR HOLOCAUST PROPAGANDA AND REALITY n May 2009, 89-year-old Cleveland autoworker John Demjanjuk was de- ported from the United States to Germany, where he was arrested and HOLOCAUST PROPAGANDA AND REALITY Icharged with aiding and abetting murder in at least 27,900 cases. These mass murders were allegedly perpetrated at the Sobibór “death” camp in east- ern Poland. According to mainstream historiography, 170,000 to 250,000 Jews were exterminated there in gas chambers between 1942 and 1943. The corpses were buried in mass graves and later incinerated on an open-air pyre. But do these serious claims really stand up to scrutiny? In Sobibor: Holocaust Propaganda and Reality, the official version of what transpired at Sobibór is put under the microscope. It is shown that the histori- ography of the camp is not based on solid evidence, but on the selective use of eyewitness testimonies, which in turn are riddled with contradictions and out- right absurdities. This book could exonerate John Demjanjuk. For more than half a century, mainstream Holocaust historians made no real attempts to muster material evidence for their claims about Sobibór. Finally, in the 21st century, professional historians carried out an archeological survey at the former camp site. Their findings—and the findings of many oth- ers—are here presented in detail and fatal implications for the extermination camp theory are revealed. SOBIBOR: HOLOCAUST PROPAGANDA AND REALITY (softcover, 434 pages, indexed, illustrated, #536, $25 minus 10% for TBR subscribers) can be ordered from TBR BOOK CLUB, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Gfk Italia CERTIFICAZIONI ALBUM Fisici E Digitali Relative Alla Settimana 47 Del 2019 LEGENDA New Award
    GfK Italia CERTIFICAZIONI ALBUM fisici e digitali relative alla settimana 47 del 2019 LEGENDA New Award Settimana di Titolo Artista Etichetta Distributore Release Date Certificazione premiazione ZERONOVETOUR PRESENTE RENATO ZERO TATTICA RECORD SERVICE 2009/03/20 DIAMANTE 19/2010 TRACKS 2 VASCO ROSSI CAPITOL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2009/11/27 DIAMANTE 40/2010 ARRIVEDERCI, MOSTRO! LIGABUE WARNER BROS WMI 2010/05/11 DIAMANTE 42/2010 VIVERE O NIENTE VASCO ROSSI CAPITOL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2011/03/29 DIAMANTE 19/2011 VIVA I ROMANTICI MODA' ULTRASUONI ARTIST FIRST 2011/02/16 DIAMANTE 32/2011 ORA JOVANOTTI UNIVERSAL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2011/01/24 DIAMANTE 46/2011 21 ADELE BB (XL REC.) SELF 2011/01/25 8 PLATINO 52/2013 L'AMORE È UNA COSA SEMPLICE TIZIANO FERRO CAPITOL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2011/11/28 8 PLATINO 52/2013 TZN-THE BEST OF TIZIANO FERRO TIZIANO FERRO CAPITOL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2014/11/25 8 PLATINO 15/2017 MONDOVISIONE LIGABUE ZOO APERTO WMI 2013/11/26 7 PLATINO 18/2015 LE MIGLIORI MINACELENTANO CLAN CELENTANO SRL - PDU MUSIC SONY MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT 2016/11/11 7 PLATINO 12/2018 INEDITO LAURA PAUSINI ATLANTIC WMI 2011/11/11 6 PLATINO 52/2013 BACKUP 1987-2012 IL BEST JOVANOTTI UNIVERSAL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2012/11/27 6 PLATINO 18/2015 SONO INNOCENTE VASCO ROSSI CAPITOL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2014/11/04 6 PLATINO 39/2015 CHRISTMAS MICHAEL BUBLE' WARNER BROS WMI 2011/10/25 6 PLATINO 51/2016 ÷ ED SHEERAN ATLANTIC WMI 2017/03/03 6 PLATINO 44/2019 CHOCABECK ZUCCHERO UNIVERSAL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2010/10/28 5 PLATINO 52/2013 ALI E RADICI EROS RAMAZZOTTI RCA ITALIANA SONY MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT 2009/05/22 5 PLATINO 52/2013 NOI EROS RAMAZZOTTI UNIVERSAL UNIVERSAL MUSIC 2012/11/13 5 PLATINO 12/2015 LORENZO 2015 CC.
    [Show full text]
  • The Re-Elaboration of Fascism and Its Impact on Right-Wing Populism In
    National Past and Populism: The Re-Elaboration of Fascism and Its Impact on Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe Daniele Caramani and Luca Manucci Department of Political Science University of Zurich Affolternstrasse 56 8050 Zurich Switzerland Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Phone: 0041 44 630 4010 Web: www.ipz.uzh.ch Abstract: The electoral performance of right-wing populism also depends on the type of re-elaboration of countries’ national past and their collective memories. Complementing socio-economic and political-institutional factors, the paper analyses cultural opportunity structures. Given the link between fascist and populist visions of power, it shows that different collective memories of the fascist past and World War II may open up or close down the space for right-wing populist parties. Theoretically, the typology includes four types of re-elaboration: culpabilization, victimization, heroization and cancellation. Results of a comparative analysis of eight West European countries based on a novel measurement method point to (1) culpabilization and heroization as types of re-elaboration limiting right-wing populist parties’ electoral performance, (2) cancellation as a type having an undetermined effect, and (3) victimization as a type triggering the success of right-wing populist parties. Keywords: populism, fascist past, re-elaboration, collective memory, cultural opportunity structures, comparative. 2 Introduction The success of Alternative for Germany in the 2017 federal elections came to many as a shock. Germany is a country that dealt critically with its past and developed a political culture making it unthinkable that right-wing populist discourses and parties would establish themselves.
    [Show full text]